Roundup for 3.4.23 Section B

The Wyoming State Geological Survey (WSGS), which is currently celebrating its 90th birthday, released its 2023 Winter Newsletter on Feb. 23 to provide updates on the organization’s current work.

The newsletter provides information on new reports and maps published over the course of the past year, while also reflecting on the history of WSGS and recognizing Hydrologist Kurt Hinaman as the staff spotlight.

Laramie Mountains

report and maps

Recently, WSGS published a report and two maps on the potential for critical mineral resources in the central Laramie Mountains, as part of an integrated effort funded partially through the U.S. Geological Survey’s Earth Mapping Resources Initiative.

Over the course of two years, the project used geological mapping and geochemical analyses to explore several overlapping mineral systems in the study area.

“The mountains have potential for base- and precious-metal deposits – copper, nickel, gold and silver – as well as critical minerals such as titanium, vanadium, tungsten, chromium and rare earth elements,” notes WSGS in the newsletter. “There is also potential for molybdenum, platinum group element metals and graphite.”

WSGS further notes critical mineral research is a significant focus for the organization, and ongoing work in this area includes a statewide survey of heavy mineral sandstones; mapping, geochronology and geochemistry in the Medicine Bow Mountains and geochemistry of the Phosphoria Formation in western Wyoming.

Positive year for oil and gas

According to the WSGS January Oil and Gas Summary Report, Wyoming’s 2022 oil and gas production was mostly back to normal.

“One of the most positive items in this year’s report was oil production in 2022 was greater than it had been originally predicted,” reads WSGS’ newsletter. “At the beginning of last year, the Consensus Revenue Estimating Group (CREG) estimated a statewide total of 85 million barrels of oil. But, in October, CREG revised its forecast, adding an extra five million barrels to Wyoming’s production.”

“By the end of the year, it was clear Wyoming was on track to meet, or slightly exceed, this revised prediction,” WSGS continues.

Also, the summary

Wyoming State Geological Survey provides seasonal update

report further discusses oil production throughout the state in finer detail, noting 60 percent of Wyoming’s oil comes from two counties – Converse and Campbell – while more than 10 percent comes from Laramie County.

“As for natural gas, production in Wyoming either held steady or declined in 2022. Sublette, Sweetwater and Fremont counties continued to be the top producing counties,” says WSGS. New online mineral maps

In the newsletter, WSGS also announced they will launch a new interactive map later in the year, in an effort to make researching Wyoming’s mineral resources much easier. Additionally, the new product will expand the survey’s 2018 Mines and Minerals Map.

“Our new online map will serve as a central location to find and research relevant mineral and mining information from both state and federal agencies, as well as host data collected by WSGS for mineral-related publications,” says Jim Stafford, WSGS geohydrologist and map developer.

“The goal with this map is to make mineralrelated data more accessible and interactive to the public,” Stafford continues. “We also plan to routinely update it as new data becomes available.” Birthday celebration, staff recognition, surveys

In addition to providing updates on the survey’s current work, the WSGS 2023 Winter Newsletter reflects on 90 years of WSGS, recognizes Hinaman as the current staff spotlight and

encourages the public to provide feedback on the agency’s website.

“Since its establishment in 1933, WSGS has had 10 directors/state geologists, with terms ranging from two to 26 years,” says WSGS Director and State Geologist Dr. Erin Campbell. “The early years, particularly 1933 through 1945, were a crucial formative time for the Geologic Survey of Wyoming, and they created the foundation upon which our agency operates today.”

Campbell notes the agency changed its name to WSGS in 1994.

“We continue to focus on energy and mineral resources to both increase state revenue and provide for our nation. We advocate for our citizens, provide them with needed geologic information and

Vermilion Ranch Vermilion Ranch

To view these WSGS reports, maps and more, visit wsgs.wyo.gov.

work to inform them of geologic hazards,” she adds.

Additionally, WSGS recognizes Hinaman, who was hired in 2022, in the newsletter.

As a hydrologist, Hinaman explains he is focused on the statewide availability and use of groundwater, the quality and quantity of groundwater, how surface water and groundwater interact and how water leaves the state.

Lastly, the WSGS newsletter notes the survey is seeking feedback from the public on how they access data from their website, wsgs.wyo.gov

“Feedback will help WSGS improve its services

with regard to geographic information systems and digital data formats. Answers provided in this survey will remain anonymous unless permission is given,” reads the newsletter. The survey is available on the WSGS website and will close on March 2. WSGS further notes, at the end of the survey, participants will have the opportunity to enter their e-mail address into a drawing for a WSGS geologic map. Five winners will be announced on March 3. Hannah Bugas is the managing editor for the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

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Over the past three weeks, as of Feb. 22, there have been significantly smaller slaughter head counts, with head counts on Feb. 18 as the primary source of change.

In the past three weeks, Certified Angus Beef (CAB) has seen two Saturdays with fed cattle head counts of 12,000 head each, with the Feb. 18 total at just 7,000 head. These compare to the corresponding Saturdays a year ago, which averaged 36,000 head each.

Carcass weights have

By Paul Dykstra

become a more important factor in total beef tonnage lately. As seen in the table, steer weights are now 22 pounds lighter than a year ago. It’s redundant to continue to focus on winter weather impacts, but this factor is key to the drop in weights. At the end of January, many cattle feeders in northern climates shared cattle had gained very little in the past 30 days.

Beef prices push higher

The combination of smaller slaughter totals

and lighter carcass weights across all cattle classes have pushed boxed beef values sharply higher. The quality spreads widened last week as the CAB cutout value increased more readily than Choice, with Select increasing at a smaller margin yet.

The effect of smaller supplies in both cattle and boxed beef markets has a tendency to generate sharply higher spot market values. Realizing the spot market trade volume is quite small during these periods, the net result is still strong in affecting the market direction.

Given the magnitude of the advance in boxed beef values during the week of Feb. 13, it’s unsurprising most cuts from the CAB carcass report moved higher.

Notably, in the middle meats, ribeyes made an abrupt turnaround to the upside after correcting 16 percent lower since the first of the year.

Buyers looking for bar-

gains on strip loins missed their chance in December, as 0x1 strips have advanced from $7.80 per pound to $9.10 per pound wholesale since Jan. 1.

Tenderloins have priced sideways for three weeks,

but at $14.95 per pound wholesale, they are recordhigh for this time. The current price of $14.95 per pound is $2.90 per pound higher than a year ago.

Chuck rolls and inside rounds made notable upward price moves during the week of Feb. 13, and it’s projected this will be the general direction into the spring. Ground beef prices have been a bit softer to steady with a similar upward price pattern in the near future.

Cattle Contract Library pilot kicks off

The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Cattle Contracts Library pilot program kicked off with the first report on Jan. 7. The program’s intent is to enhance price transparency in fed cattle trade as a provision of the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2022. Individual packing plant locations harvesting no less than five percent of the total U.S.-fed cattle supply annually are required by law to submit contract information.

According to USDA, the provision encompasses 18 packing plant locations operated by four packing firms, which represent a total of approximately 85 percent of the total fed cattle packing volume.

In 2022, about 70 percent of fed cattle sales were reported as either formula or forward contract.

A look at the weekly reports on record thus far reveals few surprises.

Data from the week beginning on Feb. 13 shows 75 percent of these contracts establish the base price through USDA reports, primarily the Nebraska, Kansas and Texas/Oklahoma regional reports.

Another 10 percent use CME contracts to establish the base price, with nine percent negotiating the base and the final four percent using the top of the market as the base. Confidentiality requirements result in the sum of these percentages falling short of 100 percent.

Of further interest, adjustments to the base price were applied to 70 percent of the contracts reported, with the adjust-

ment averaging $1.23 per hundredweight (cwt). Base price adjustments of this type are a well-known feature of the market.

The bottom quartile value of these adjustments was just $0.50 per cwt, and the top quartile average was two dollars per cwt applied to the base.

Contract specs

Contract specifications may be the topic in the library previously least understood by the greater cattle-producing industry. The specification list is too lengthy to detail here, but the majority of the specs are relative to carcass grading and other carcass traits.

Leading off the list, unsurprisingly, was the quality spec with 88.76 percent of contracts featuring this component. With no further detail included, we’ll assume Quality Grade is the measure this refers to.

Further down the list, ranked sixth for prevalence is the branded spec –for which we’d assume the Branded Beef Program –with 49.44 percent of contracts including this spec. The CAB brand is the only brand listed in the detailed premiums and discounts pricing information.

While there are several styles of contracts represented in the library, perhaps the take-home message is there are fewer mysteries within the library than one may have thought.

Carcass outcomes are widely emphasized in the contract mix, and quality is the largest driver of premiums and discounts. This is very similar to what we see in the grid marketing arrangements offered more openly to feedyards.

There are many specification traits of importance, and it would be advantageous for cattlemen to take a closer look at the additional information.

To access the library, visit mymarketnews.ams. usda.gov/filerepo/reports and type in the “Slug ID” number 3663.

Paul Dykstra is the director of supply management and analysis at CAB. He can be reached at pdykstra@certifiedangusbeef. com.

Operations manager highlights the WYldlife Fund and gives migration funding update

The annual Fremont County Farm and Ranch Days, held Feb. 8-9 in Riverton, hosted The WYldlife Fund (Fund) Operations Manager Nate Brown to discuss wildlife migration and the rancher’s role.

The WYldlife Fund

According to the Fund’s webpage, the organization specializes in grant agreements with the Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD), and ensures precise and efficient allocation of resources on the ground to advance wildlife projects across Wyoming.

“The Fund unites people to advance Wyoming wildlife habitat research and education,” said Brown. “We were created by the Game and Fish Commission and the WGFD to fill a niche as a nonprofit partner to ensure seamless and targeted funding of projects.”

The Fund, a 501(c)3 nonprofit, is comprised of 11 volunteer board members and has several programs focusing on wildlife crossings, conservation education and habitat improvements. Programs include WYldlife for Tomorrow (WFT), the Western Conservation Leadership Development Program and offers strong support for the WY Game and Fish’s Inspire a Kid program through the Maury Brown Kids Fishing Day and the Inspire a Kid camp.

WYldlife for Tomorrow

The WYldlife for Tomorrow (WFT) program is a unique and innovative initiative under the umbrella of the Fund, created by Board Member and Jackson Hole Eco Tour Adventures Owner Taylor Phillips, with support from Chris McBarnes, president of the WYldlife Fund.

WFT seeks to strategically engage the tourism industry in Wyoming to raise funds and awareness, while bringing in more resources to complete critical, on-the-ground projects for Wyoming’s wildlife.

Brown noted this program is about one and a half years old and has put $200,000 of tourism business money toward wildlife conservation efforts.

“We recognize that hunters and anglers provide most of the revenue that goes back to conservation and wildlife, so this initiative is specifically targeted toward engaging businesses that actually profit from wildlife tourism and helping them recognize wildlife is part of their bottom line,” mentioned Brown.

Western

Conservation Leadership Development Program

The Fund’s website notes the purpose of the Western Conservation Leadership Development Program is to equip a diverse set of public and private partners in the Western region with the leadership and relationship capacities needed to inspire and create a legacy of conservation for future generations.

“This specialized program has been developed in cooperation with many partners including several state agencies across the West, Natural Resources Conservation Ser-

vice (NRCS) and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Canadian provinces, Tribal groups and private landowners. This cutting edge and immersive adaptive leadership program develops the needed capacity to tackle the West’s most complex conservation issues,” he explained. Education

The Fund works to inspire the future of conservation and is dedicated to raising up the next generation of outdoor leaders.

Brown shared, on June 4, 2022, the fund partnered with Maury Brown and WGFD to host the first Maury Brown Kids Fishing Day at the Iron Mountain Ranch outside of Cheyenne.

Working with organizations such as the Youth Alternatives, Boys and Girls Club and Big Brothers, Big Sisters over 600 people attended, including children, parents and volunteers to learn how to fish. Attendees received a pole and fully stocked tackle box, sponsored in part by Cabela’s and Bass Pro Shops. Maury Brown of Cheyenne completely funded and graciously hosted the event.

“Our goal is to inspire kids to get involved, get outside and be involved in conservation,” said Brown.

Wyoming USDA

big game pilot MOU

On Oct. 17, 2022, Gov. Mark Gordon signed the Wyoming Wildlife Habitat Memorandum of Understanding (MOU).

Brown noted, “Wyoming has demonstrated itself as a leader across the nation with regard to migration research and has led the charge on putting migration on the map and helping people on a nationwide, even worldwide, scale to recognize migration really is an unbelievable thing.”

“The idea is to use these diverse farm bill programs and state expertise to support voluntary conservation of private working lands and migratory big game populations in Wyoming,” he added. “The whole idea is for us to bridge the gap between the ranch, Tribal lands and USDA funding.”

He explained the Platte Valley, Absaroka Front, Baggs, Sublette County and Wind River Reservation migration corridors are the first five priority areas.

“We’re not saying these are the only places in Wyoming where funding will be available – it’s five places they have identified as hotspots or areas most crucial to migration,” Brown said. As this program gets further along and more research is done, other areas are likely to be added as well.

He further noted full-time equivalent (FTE) employees of non-government organizations (NGOs) will help facilitate and bridge the gap between the ranch, Tribal land, USDA and NRCS.

“FTE employees will reach out to ranchers in these critical habitat areas or migration corridor areas and talk with them about ways they can tap into this funding and

basically get paid for what they’re already doing – managing and conserving wildlife habitat,” he said.

Brown added three broad programs which will serve as avenues to facilitate this funding, including the Grasslands Conservation Reserve Program, through short-term –10 to 15 years – habitat leases that protect sensitive areas; Environmental Quality Incentives Program, providing technical and financial assistance to address natural resource concern and the Agricultural Conservation Easement Program, which protects agricultural lands through conservation easements that also benefit Wyoming’s wildlife.

“The FTE employees, through the Pooled Migration Fund, will hopefully help more folks tap into these resources and set the bar for the rest of the country by using Wyoming as a pilot,” shared Brown. “The goal is to give back to the ranching and Tribal community for what

they’ve already done.”

He noted Undersecretary of Agriculture Robert Bonnie once said, “Conserving America’s most iconic wildlife and wildlife migration corridors depends on the conservation of private working lands and Tribal lands

through voluntary collaborative incentives which reward farmers, ranchers and forest owners for stewardship of their lands.”

Brown concluded, “I think it’s high time the federal government has recognized this and is willing to work

with states to give back to the ranching community for the efforts they’ve had towards conservation.”

Brittany Gunn is the editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@ wylr.net.

60+ Salers & Optimizer Bulls

Texas

Imagine one’s favorite cured meat, such as beef jerky, pepperoni or bacon, without any added sodium nitrite from any source currently necessary for color and shelf life – Texas A&M University Meat Science Associate Professor Dr. Wes Osburn is doing exactly that.

In fact, Osburn has set out to find an innovative method to generate the nitric oxide and residual nitrite needed to cure meat and poultry products without the addition of natural or synthetic nitrite sources.

Conventional curing of most processed meat products involves adding sodium nitrite to meat to preserve it and reduce the potential growth of bacteria like Clostridium botulinum or perfringens during cooking and chilling.

Current research

Osburn has been researching the idea of a novel amino acid alternative curing system for meat for many years.

In 2022, he received a $500,000 U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Grant to determine the feasibility of adding amino acids to activate the nitric oxide synthase system.

Joining him in the research are several fel-

A&M University developing cured meats with no added nitrite

low Department of Animal Science faculty members including Dr. Rhonda Miller, professor of meat science; Dr. Guoyao Wu, distinguished professor, university faculty fellow and Texas A&M AgriLife research faculty fellow in animal nutrition; Dr. Sapna Chitlapilly Dass, assistant professor in microbial ecology and microbiome interactions and Dr. Chris Kerth, associate professor in meat science. These professors are also working alongside Oklahoma State University Meat Science Professor Dr. Ranjith Ramanathan.

Alternative curing system

While curing meat with synthetic sodium nitrite is safe and efficient, the process has long been associated with cancer concerns. In response to these concerns, meat processors have developed “uncured” meat products containing “no added nitrates or nitrites except those naturally occurring.”

This alternative curing system uses vegetable powder derived from celery as a natural source of nitrite to cure meat products. But, these products may result in a detectable vegetable taste in the meat and a less favorable cured meat or pink color, Osburn said.

Knowing nitrites and nitrates occur naturally in humans and in some foods, Osburn believes it is possible to add the amino acid L-arginine to meat to activate the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme contained in it.

The NOS enzyme converts L-arginine to nitric oxide (NO) and another amino acid, L-citrulline.

The nitric oxide molecule creates the characteristic cured pink color associated with cured meats. Also, two nitric oxide molecules can combine to form nitrite, which serves as an antioxidant and antimicrobial to enhance product shelf life and safety.

Osburn shared he was listening to a friend in the medical field, Dr. Nathan Bryan, speak about the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) system in the human body and how it uses L-arginine to generate nitric oxide, which enhances circulation and blood flow.

This is when the connection clicked, and he wondered if the eNOS enzyme could be activated by adding L-arginine to generate nitric oxide and cure meat.

“It could be this approach is actually a natural curing process by adding an amino acid to

an enzyme whose primary function is to generate nitric oxide,” Osburn said. “I’m not adding any nitrates or nitrites.”

Osburn explained adding L-arginine will activate the nitric oxide synthase system to naturally generate nitric oxide and nitrite to cure meat and poultry products.

This novel amino acidbased alternative curing method is expected to eliminate the need for direct or indirect addition of sodium nitrite in cured meat products, and this research will allow for a better understanding of the interconnected biochemical mechanisms contributing to the functionality of the NOS system.

Research application

The research team plans to develop processing and operating procedures for meat processors to effectively use the NOS system to cure meat and poultry products consistently and predictably.

Osburn said they must validate the process’s feasibility and ensure it works, as well as make sure it works across species and products within species under all kinds of conditions. He further noted it will take a while to run the research on the different types of cured beef,

pork and poultry products.

“There are differences in the amount of NOS enzymes within different muscle groups across various meat species,” he said. “This enzyme is closely associated with the mitochondria, so there tends to be more NOS enzyme in muscles used for locomotion.”

“There are also differences in myoglobin content – meat color pigment –so if we can generate nitric oxide via the NOS enzyme, the cured meat color may vary,” he added. “This is what we are trying to deal with, developing a uniform cured pink color via our amino acid-based curing system so it compares favorably with conventionally cured meats.”

“The question we are still trying to answer is if the the NOS enzyme will generate sufficient amounts of nitric oxide to develop acceptable cured meat color and enough residual nitrite to ensure the product is safe, regardless of whether it is summer sausage or pepperoni or some other product,” Osburn continued. “Think about it – if we can make pepperoni through this process, there could be a huge economic impact since we consume a lot of pepperoni here in the

U.S.”

His research team is manipulating several factors, such as arginine concentration, meat pH, temperature and time to determine optimal conditions for nitric oxide generation by the eNOS enzyme.

“We are in the second phase of our USDAfunded grant,” Osburn said. “We are shifting from benchtop to pilot plant production, so it is the first time we are making a commercial-cured meat product and evaluating all aspects of the product from color, shelf life, aroma and sensory properties. This information will provide more evidence to show interested companies this system works.”

Osburn’s research team plans to apply this new curing system to five cured products – restructured ham, beef jerky, bacon, fermented summer sausage or salami and poultry frankfurters – all products requiring different processing steps to validate the amino acid curing system effectively cures different meat products.

“If, based on the results of our research, the data indicates our new curing system is comparable to conventionally-cured products with respect to

grocery store.

Grandpa changed his tune upon hearing this and said, “Well good, the last thing I want is a splinter from China between my teeth.”

Those of us around the table chuckled and the subject was changed, but I haven’t stopped thinking about it.

China is Old News

“That’s old news,” is a popular term often said in response to someone bringing up a slightly-dated or well-known topic of discussion.

For example, saying, “We need agriculture to survive,” is old news. Another statement which could be referred to as old news is, “The U.S. is producing more beef with less cattle than ever before.”

However, the topic of discussion I would like to focus on is China – and not the spy balloon – that’s old news.

In 1776, when the original U.S. Constitution was signed, sealed and delivered, our founding fathers wanted to break away from Britain, and more specifically, the British government. They dreamed of amber waves of grain, from sea to shining sea, free of relying on outside countries to provide their necessities.

Nearly 250 years later, the U.S. has completely gone back on this, with imports coming in from Brazil, Vietnam, and of course, China.

According to the Library of Congress (LOC), in 1979, the U.S. and China reestablished diplomatic relations and signed a bilateral trade agreement. This started a rapid growth of trade between the two nations –from $4 billion worth of exports and imports during

Continued from previous page

safety, shelf life and sensory attributes, then there is a great chance for industry adoption of this process,” Osburn said.

“This new curing system must compete favorably with the current curing system,” he added. “If we can’t get close to it, it’ll always be a novel thing. Companies may or may not want to get on board.”

Patenting and licensing

Osburn said while he is getting a lot of interest from meat companies in the process, there is still a lot of research to be done, as well as some upcoming rulings by the USDA which will determine future labeling of current alternative or “uncured” meat products.

Robert Brummett, senior licensing manager at Texas A&M AgriLife Research’s Intellectual Property and Commercialization Office, has worked with Osburn to seek intellectual property protection

1979 to over $600 billion in 2017.

Today, Politico reports our two-way trade with China hit an all-time high in 2022, peaking at $690 billion.

According to LOC, China’s exports to the U.S. are significantly higher than its imports from the U.S., and China is the largest holder of U.S. Treasury securities. To say we rely heavily on Chinese trade is old news.

Another thing we can consider old news is just how fed up with Chinese trade many Americans are.

I think back to a conversation at my grandma and grandpa’s dinner table about a month ago.

My grandma Joyce is notorious for going out of her way to purchase items labeled as “Made in America.” Who can blame her? She wants to support the American economy.

Grandma made a beautiful supper one evening while I was in Texas, and after everyone’s bellies were full, we passed the toothpick holder around the table.

My grandpa’s toothpick broke, and he teased my grandma about buying “cheap” toothpicks. She responded that no, she did not purchase cheap tooth picks, as they were in fact reasonably priced and made in the U.S., unlike the other boxes of toothpicks at the

for the alternative meat curing process.

A patent application was filed with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office in December 2020.

According to Brummett, the patent application is currently being examined by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, and this process may take an additional 18 months or longer to complete.

In the meantime, Osburn and Brummett are actively seeking interest from companies to license rights in the technology and/or working with Osburn in furthering the research for use of the technology by industry.

Kay Ledbetter is the communications manager for the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Center in Amarillo, Texas and can be reached at skledbetter@ag.tamu. edu. This article was originally published in the Texas A&M AgriLife E-Newsletter on Feb. 21.

How is it we have let ourselves, as a country, rely on China’s imports so much so my grandma has to go out of her way to search for American-made toothpicks? Furthermore, why weren’t these toothpicks the cheapest option?

They had a lesser distance to travel, and honestly,

they weren’t as great of quality as the container of toothpicks sitting on my table’s trivet.

Call me crazy for being hung up on something as simple as a toothpick, but something’s not right here. This minor toothpick incident is a prime example of larger trade issues with China.

If they’ve got a handle on the splinters we use to pick our teeth, what’s to stop them from controlling larger areas of the food and fiber industries? Say, owning Smithfield Foods?

But who am I kidding? This fact, evidently, is not talked about anymore – it’s old news.

On Feb. 16, U.S. Sen. Cynthia Lummis (R-WY) introduced legislation titled “Grizzly Bear Management Act of 2023” alongside Sens. John Barrasso (R-WY), Mike Crapo (R-ID), James Risch (R-ID) and Steve Daines (R-MT).

This bill would remove grizzly bears in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) from the endangered species list and shift management of the grizzlies to wildlife scientists in the states, according to Lummis’ press release.

Senators perspective

“By all scientific measures, grizzly bears of the GYE are fully recovered. Reproductive numbers are stable, and the population is at or near its max capacity for the habitat. It’s time to remove grizzlies in the area from the endangered species list and allow wildlife scientists in Wyoming, Montana and Idaho to manage the populations according to science,” said Lummis.

“Grizzly bears are an essential part of the ecosystem of Wyoming, but keeping them listed hurts their populations more than it helps them,” she continued. “Wildlife managers living near the bears study them closely and have a better idea of population parameters than out-of-state activists. It’s time to delist the

Sen. Cynthia Lummis introduces grizzly bear legislation

grizzly in our area and let science dictate our wildlife policy.”

Barrasso and Daines explained the science is clear – the grizzly bear population has more than recovered in the GYE area.

Barrasso added, “Wyoming’s good work and sound management have proven to be successful in managing the grizzly bear population in the GYE. The science over the years has been extremely clear – grizzly bears no longer need protection under the Endangered Species Act (ESA).”

“The last three presidential administrations – both Republican and Democrat – have determined the grizzly is recovered. It is past time Wyoming, not Washington, D.C., is in full control of managing the bear,” he added.

Daines said, “Montanans know what’s best for our communities, public safety and the ecosystem when it comes to the grizzly bear. It’s time we return management back to the hands of local leaders.”

According to Crapo, the act will restore responsibility to the right level.

“Idaho’s local wildlife managers are best suited to responsibly manage grizzly bear populations while simultaneously addressing the needs of the landscape

and local communities,” he said.

Risch added, “Grizzly bears in the GYE have all hit recovery targets due to the hard work of states like Idaho. In fact, all of Idaho’s grizzly bear populations have made substantial recoveries.”

“Increasing populations and human encounters make it abundantly clear grizzlies in our state do not belong on the endangered species list. The Grizzly Bear State Management Act is an important step in delisting grizzlies in parts of Idaho, but it is time for full delisting for all grizzlies within the state,” he continued.

Background and organization support

In 1975, there were 136 grizzly bears in the GYE. In 2022, experts estimated nearly 1,000 bears were living in the GYE, evidence of an effective conservation effort. The Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team’s analysis suggests the park is at or near its ecological carrying capacity for grizzly bears.

“The GYE population of the grizzly bear is fully recovered and has been for decades by all scientific measures,” said Wyoming Game and Fish Department Director Brian Nesvik. “Sen. Lummis’ efforts through this legislation reflects our state’s need to find the best

path forward to return management of this species to the states and Tribes. We look forward to working simultaneously with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) as they work towards the next steps in their process to delist.”

Park County commissioners added, “It is time for all to recognize the grizzly bear has already achieved a healthy, robust population. It is time for the federal government to uphold its end of the agreement made with the people who live and recreate in Park County and delist the grizzly bear, and we feel the passage of this bill will do just that.”

The senators introduced the Grizzly Bear State Man-

agement Act of 2021 on March, 25, 2021. The bill was read twice and referred to the Committee on Environment and Public Works.

Additionally, in relation to grizzly bear management, on Feb. 3, FWS completed the initial review of three petitions filed to remove the grizzly bear from the list of endangered and threatened wildlife under the ESA in the Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem, GYE and the lower 48 states.

Lummis shared support for FWS’s review.

“This announcement is welcome news for Wyoming. Grizzly bears of the GYE, by all scientific measures, are fully recovered. Administrations of both par-

ties have repeatedly recognized this fact,” Lummis said.

“Grizzly bears are an essential part of Wyoming’s ecosystem, but keeping them listed hurts their population more than it helps them. I am glad Wyoming’s concerns and findings were heard, and I look forward to seeing the results of FWS’s study on the grizzly. I’m hopeful the decision to delist the grizzly is not impacted by out-of-state environmental extremists who don’t truly understand the science,” she concluded.

Brittany Gunn is the editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@ wylr.net.

Planting the Seeds of Greatness

Guest speaker Matt Rush Matt Rush was raised

The 2023 Annual Doornbos Lecture Series presents

Adobe Stock photo

By Catherine Wissner, UW Extension Educator

Beekeeping is no longer a casual hobby of setting up hives, getting bees and collecting honey in the fall. Instead, it has become a whole new level of animal husbandry with best management principals at every turn.

In 2006-07, numerous beekeepers reported a record 30 to 90 percent loss of beehives. The worker bees were gone. Beekeepers did not find dead bees. However, they did find the queen, and young brood with good honey stores were still in the hive.

Without worker bees, however, hives are not sustainable. This new situation was referred to as Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD).

Beekeepers looked to universities for answers, but research on bees at the time was few and far between.

Since then, every U.S. university, most U.S. colleges and a few beekeepers are doing some level of research on native or honey bees. What research has discovered is there is not a single cause of CCD, but a long

series of environmental and management concerns.

Issues facing bee production

In addition to loss of habitat, CCD is one of the biggest issues facing all bees.

It is imperative native and non-native bees have a food or flower source every day from April through October. Homeowners can fix this very quickly by planting flowering trees, shrubs and perennial flowers with several species of plants blooming from April to October.

Not only will this add beauty to the property, it may improve the property value, and it provides valuable habitat for insects and birds.

A major parasite insect of honey bees is the varroa mite, which has caused huge loses for beekeepers. This mite was first discovered in 1987 in a Florida apiary and is now a national issue.

The honey bee Apis mellifera doesn’t have resistance to this pest, and there isn’t any known biological control. Beekeepers must walk a fine line between treat-

ing their honey bees without killing them, otherwise the varroa mite will kill the entire hive.

Beehive management

Beekeepers need to inspect their hives at regular intervals. For hobby/backyard beekeepers, this should be every seven to 10 days.

A hive inspection involves looking for issues, finding the queen, checking on capped brood cells – future bees – inspecting frames for disease issues and determining how much honey is being produced.

Feeding bees when there are few flowering plants in the early spring, mid-summer and late fall, is also important.

Overuse of insecticides and herbicides have contributed to the decline of habitat, native bees and general insects.

While agriculture and professional pesticide applicators are held to a high standard through testing and licensing, homeowners are not. The label on the container has a wealth of information on how to use the product and what to protect. This label is governed by the federal government and is considered law.

Individuals should consider reading the label before using any pesticide.

Wyoming Bee College

Despite these challenges, beekeeping is still a very rewarding craft. Like

any agricultural operation, it requires good management, record keeping and staying on top of the latest research. Attending classes and finding beekeeping groups helps as well.

A beekeeping conference, the Wyoming Bee College, will be held in Cheyenne on March 24-25. Here attendees can learn the craft of beekeeping and improve current skills. This year, the conference will also have a gardening component. Registration will close March 21 at 11:59 p.m. For more information, visit wyomingbeecollege.org

Adobe Stock photo

Notice

NOTICE: Publication in this newspaper does not guarantee the legitimacy of any offer or solicitation. Take reasonable steps to evaluate an offer before you send money or provide personal/financial information to an advertiser. If you have questions or believe you have been the victim of fraud, contact the Wyoming Attorney General’s Office, Consumer Protection Unit, 109 Capitol Building, Cheyenne, WY 82002, 307-7776397 TFN

Events

FINAL DRIVE FOCUSED!!

CUSTIS SHOW PIGS 18TH AN-

NUAL SALE, MARCH 25. AT 1

PM, CARBON COUNTY FAIRGROUNDS, RAWLINS, WY: Multiple State Fair Grand and Reserve Champions have sold in this sale year after year. Don’t miss the chance to own the next champion!! Call Krisha, 307760-0327 3/18

BLACK HILLS GUN SHOW

MARCH 10-12: The Lodge at Deadwood, in Deadwood, S.D. Call 605-641-0870 or 307-7511877 3/4

2023 CACHE VALLEY COW-

BOY RENDEZVOUS, MARCH

10-12: Welcomes Billy Dean and Jim Curry, singing the songs of John Denver. Free admission to Cowboy Poetry, Western Music, Vendors and Poetry Contests, etc. Fri. 3-10 p.m. and Sat. 10 a.m.-8 p.m. Cache County Event Center, Logan, UT. Go to www.cvcowboy.org or leave message 435-760-0160 3/4

Help Wanted

PART-TIME DRIVERS NEEDED FROM WORLAND TO CASPER, WY Nighttime hours, $28/hour to start, 33+ hours/week. Must have CDL, pass background check and clean MVR. E-mail resumes to dingoboy6342@yahoo.com or call Matt, 801-641-4109

RANCH HAND WANTED:

Cow work/calving, irrigating, haying, fixing fences. Wages based on experience. Call 307-250-8475 3/4

HOT SPRINGS COUNTY WEED & PEST DISTRICT IS ACCEPTING APPLICATIONS FOR THE POSITION OF WEED AND PEST DISTRICT MOSQUITO COORDINATOR/ RANGE MANAGER: The position is in Thermopolis, WY. Send letter of application, resume and 3 references by March 6 to: Hot Springs County Weed & Pest District, PO Box 543, Thermopolis, WY 82443. For additional information, call 307-864-2278 or email hscwpcd@rtconnect.net.

Hot Springs County Weed & Pest is an EOE 3/4

LOOKING FOR FULL-TIME EMPLOYEE TO HELP OVERSEE OUR HAYING OPERATION IN SOUTHWEST WYO-

MING: Must be mechanically sound and have a general understanding of pivots. Looking for a person that is highly motivated and a self-starter.

Ranch house, vehicle, beef and paid time off provided.

Ranch is located approximately 7 miles from Cokeville, WY. Pay DOE. Call 307-7277721 3/4

Rough Country Outfitters & Guides

Want a Wyoming adventure with full room & board, excellent seasonal income with gratuities? We seek a self-motivated, young-at-heart couple to serve as camp cook/camp tender in our private ranch lodges and/or backcountry camps.

Join us April 15 - May 31 for the spring turkey and/or black bear camps & our fall big game camps Sept. 15 - Nov. 20, 2023 and beyond

Send resumes to Rough Country Outfitters

Attn: Deb Schell PO Box 973 • Glenrock, WY 82637 307-436-2304

JOIN THE USDA-APHIS TO HELP PROTECT WYOMING’S AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES

Summer positions available, salary range $15-$16.57 DOE. Conduct insect and biological control surveys. Weekly travel required. Must be 18 years old. Contact USDA at 307-432-7979 or Bruce.A.Shambaugh@usda.gov for more information. Application deadline March 12.

WIGGINS FEEDYARD, LLC

Help Wanted

Seasonal Position

Helena Agri-Enterprises, LLC is looking for Fertilizer

Loader/Operator

The Blender/Operator is responsible for unloading, loading and blending fertilizer. Pre-employment drug testing and a clean driving record is required. Strong customer service skills and willing to work all shifts including Saturdays. Able to lift at least 50 lbs.

For more information or to apply, please go to the following link:

www.helenaagri.com/careers

Help Wanted

EXPERIENCED COOK FOR SCENIC MOUNTAIN RANCH: Working ranch with cookhouse. Live-in position with private quarters and board included. Car and driver’s license required. Meet interesting people. Call 307-383-2418 or 307-383-2413 3/25

AGRI-ONE FINANCIAL: Farm/ ranch and all commercial loans. RATES AS LOW AS 5%. We have been helping with all aspects of agricultural, commercial financing and management for years. LET US HELP YOU on a consulting level with management to increase profitability, deal with and fix credit problems and for all your financing needs. WE CARE AND HAVE WORKING PROGRAMS designed for the farmer/rancher and not the banker. Please call Steve, 303-773-3545, or check out our website www.agrionefinancial.com. I will come to you and get the job done!! 3/25

ALL TYPES OF EQUIPMENT AND VEHICLE FINANCING. Great service!! Great rates!! Call Chuck Brown at C.H. Brown Co., WY LLC, 307-322-3232 (office), 307-331-0010 (cell) or email chuckbrown@wyoming. com 3/4

Brands

REGISTERED WYOMING BRAND FOR

SALE: Paid through January 2032, LRC, LTH. Have a cow iron and a horse iron, $2,700. Call 307-231-1231 3/25

OLD REGISTERED WYOMING BRAND FOR SALE: LRC, LSH, $2,500 OBO. 307-351-2268 3/25

REGISTERED WYOMING

BRAND: LRC, LTH. Current through Jan. 1, 2031.

$2,500 OBO. Contact Gene at 307-331-1049 3/4

REGISTERED WYO-

MING BRAND: LRC. Current through Jan. 1, 2031. $2,500 OBO. Contact Gene at 307-331-1049 3/4

REGISTERED WYOMING

BRAND: LRC, LSH. Current through Jan. 1, 2031.

$2,500 OBO. Contact Gene at 307-331-1049 3/4

REGISTERED WYOMING

BRAND: LRC, RSH. Current through Jan. 1, 2031.

$2,500 OBO. Contact Gene at 307-331-1049 3/4

Cattle

GOT DOGS??

We have LOTS of hunters and we pay top $$ to ranchers. DCPC Varmint Hunts Est. 1992

Call Dick • 406-366-3858

Sires Include: Regiment

HIRING FULL-TIME EMPLOYEE: Current driver’s license required. Call Sue Wiggins, 308-279-0924, email sswiggins@wigginsfeedyard.com, 10077 U.S. 385, Bridgeport, NE 69336, provide references with phone numbers 3/25

HOT SPRINGS COUNTY WEED & PEST DISTRICT IS ACCEPTING APPLICATIONS FOR THE POSITION OF WEED AND PEST DISTRICT SUPERVISOR: The position is in Thermopolis, WY. Send letter of application, resume and 3 references by March 6 to: Hot Springs County Weed & Pest District, PO Box 543, Thermopolis, WY 82443. For additional information, call 307-864-2278 or email hscwpcd@rtconnect.net.

Hot Springs County Weed & Pest is an EOE 3/4

CALVING HELP NEEDED: Experience preferred. Call 605-347-3403 or 605-4999088, Sturgis, S.D. 3/4

Red Angus

REGISTERED RED ANGUS BULLS FOR SALE: Have 2-year-old bulls ready to go now and yearling bulls ready late spring. Delivery available. For more information, call CLR Red Angus, Dan Robertson, 307-431-1013 3/18

Brands

Dogs

REGISTERED WYOMING BRAND FOR SALE: LHC, LSS, LHH. Dues paid to Jan 1, 2029. Hot irons included. $2,500. Call 307-351-0242 3/18

REGISTERED WYOMING BRAND FOR SALE: LR&HC, LS&TH. Dues paid to Jan 1, 2031. Hot irons included. $3,500. Call 307351-0242 3/18

OLD WYOMING BRAND FOR SALE: RHC, RHH. Dues paid to 2033. No irons. Call 605-662-6066 (home) or 605-890-0225 (cell), leave message 3/18

WYOMING BRAND REGISTERED BY GOELET GALLATIN IN 1912: LRC, BS, LSH. Irons available, seller will pay transfer fees. Renewed until 2033, $3,000. Call 307-272-4215 3/4

REGISTERED WYOMING BRAND: LRC, LSH. Current through Jan. 1, 2031. $2,500 OBO. Contact Gene at 307-331-1049 3/4

WYOMING BRAND FOR SALE: Paid through January 2033, RSC, RSH, $2,000. Call 307-851-4099 3/25

YEARLING ANGUS BULLS:

These bulls are grown, not fattened, will get out and cover cows. Many will work on heifers. We will deliver. Call Joe Buseman, 605-351-1535 3/11

Registered Angus Yearling Bulls Private Treaty Bridger, MT

Pete & Lynnda Thompson

Hereford Hereford

Dogs

GREAT PYRENEES LIVESTOCK GUARD PUPS: We have 4 females and 2 males who are ready to go now. They were born Oct. 17, 2022, to working parents. They have sweet, gentle personalities and are great with our kids.

Annual Bull Sale

Monday, March 27, 2023 at the ranch Arthur, NE

90 Head of Polled Hereford and Red Angus Bulls Bernie & Stacie Buzanowski 308-726-2138, 406-855-8288

Salers

MJB RANCH SELLING SAL-

ERS AND OPTIMIZER BULLS

1 p.m., March 28 at BLS in Billings, MT. Our customers report enhanced fertility, calving ease, maternal excellence and unmatched rangeability and longevity. MJB Ranch, Jim Doubet, 303-638-2625 3/18

Pasture Wanted

WANTED: PASTURE

Paying a premium for good hard grass for yearling steers 150 to 1,500 head.

Call 308-765-0300

LOOKING TO RENT OR LEASE PASTURE FOR 50-100 cow/calf pairs for 2023 season. Preferably northeastern Wyoming. Call 307-660-0294 and leave a message if no answer.

SUMMER PASTURE NEEDED FOR 2023 AND BEYOND for 100 to 200 cow/calf pairs. Good references. Call 605-347-3403 or 605-499-9088 3/4

YEARLING PASTURE WANTED for 1,500 head steers/ spayed heifers for 2023 and beyond. Take all or part, smaller places okay. CO, WY, OR and ID preferred. Competitive rates, reference available. Call or text Jon, 831-240-5795 7/1

PASTURE WANTED for 2,000 yearlings and 500 pairs. Can split into smaller bunches. 701523-1235 3/11

Dogs

YOUR FAMILY AND PROPERTY PROTECTORS ARE WAITING!!

We have beautiful guardians just wanting and waiting to make you their priority!! Please don’t postpone your next best friend, companion and protector. $1,000. Have been raising these fantastic LGD for 48 years. For more information, call 406-207-7674 3/25

Wagyu

WAGYU/BLACK ANGUS

BULL CALF FOR SALE: Excellent future for your herd.

$2,400. Call Drew, 307-7525920 3/4

WE ALSO HAVE A NEW LITTER from our other female. Those pups will be ready in April. $600 a pup for both litters. For more information, contact Casey or Cristy Davis, 605-431-2067 or 605206-0495. To view photos, go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds 3/11

GIVING AWAY!! PUREBRED

BORDER COLLIE PUPPIES: Out of excellent working parents. Extremely smart. All are traditional black and white. Call 307-645-3322 3/4

CKC PEMBROKE WELSH CORGIS: Red coloring, males, $700. Call 307-2179737 3/4

WORKING RANCH DOGS: AUSTRALIAN SHEPHERD PUPPIES. Registered standard size. Foundation working bloodlines. Tails docked, dewclaws removed, current on vaccinations and worming. Ready now. Call 970-8242348, leave message. To view photos go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds 3/4

SANDHILL BORDER COLLIES: Working border collies for ranchers. Reds, blacks, merles, mainly short hair. Thirty years experience. Shots appropriate to age, dewclaws removed, wormed weekly. Pups and ready-to-start pups available. Prices vary. Call us (texts are better) to set up delivery, 701-770-2364 or e-mail sandhillbc@yahoo.com. Visit our Facebook page: Sandhill Performance Horses and Border Collies. To view photos, go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds 5/6

Horses

COME CHECK OUT COWBOY COUNTRY HORSE SALE AND TRADE SHOW MARCH 17-19, GILLETTE, WY!! March 18, preview 10 a.m., Barn 3 CAMPLEX, HORSE SALE STARTS 3 p.m., Central Pavilion, CAMPLEX. There will be food and alcohol!! Trade Show: March 17-19, Central Pavilion, CAMPLEX. There will be numerous vendors with a variety of awesome items. Please call 307660-7303 or 307-257-3447. Visit us at www.cowboycountryhorsesale.com!! 3/4

AKC LAB PUPPIES: All colors available, whites, blacks, yellows, dark chocolates and dark reds. Excellent hunters, family companions. Full AKC registration. Shots, wormed, dewclaws removed. All puppies are cute, but it’s what they grow into that counts. Not all Labs are the same. Proud to own!! Been raising quality AKC Labradors for 25-plus years. Look at the rest but buy the best. Both parents on site for viewing. Will sell quickly!! $200 deposit, picking order is when the deposit is received. Doug Altman, Mitchell, S.D. Call/text 605-999-7149, click the our Labs tab on the website for pictures, www.southdakotayellowlabs.com. WILL DISCOUNT!! 3/10

ADORABLE AUGGIE PUPPIES: Mom registered Pembroke Welsh corgi 18 lbs., dad Toy Australian shepherd 10 lbs. ALSO, tiny toy Queensland heeler (mom 10 lbs.)/ Toy Australian shepherd (dad 7 lbs.) cross puppies, 1 male and 1 female, born Sept. 27, 2022. MINIATURE AUSTRALIAN SHEPHERD PUPS. All pups bred for health/disposition/smarts, UTD pup vaccines, come with starter bag/information book, 1 year health guarantee. For more information, pricing and delivery options, call 406-581-7586. To view photos, go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds 3/4

Sheep

Sheep

PASTURE WANTED FOR UP

TO 60 PAIRS: Northeast Wyoming or western South Dakota preferred. Please call 307-6604275 3/18

BEST OF THE BIG HORNS HORSE SALE, APRIL 15, Buffalo Livestock Marketing, 44 TW Rd., Buffalo, WY. Online bidding through www.cattleusa. com, register 3 days prior to sale. Contact Ellen Allemand, 307-751-8969 or Kay Lynn Allen, 406-697-5882. Visit us on Facebook for updates 4/1

Saddles & Tack

STAY WARM!! Great prices!! WOOL CAPS, wool VESTS, WOOL socks, SILK SCARVES, KENETREK RIDING PACKS, THINSULATE BOULET ROPER style BOOTS. HONDO, BOULET, JUSTIN WORK BOOTS, TWISTED X (boots and shoes) and more!! WE CAN ship!! Shop Moss Saddles, Boots and Tack, 4648 West Yellowstone Highway, Casper, WY; 307-472-1872. Our family serving yours for 50 years!! Check us out on Facebook or our website 3/4

FIFTH ANNUAL MID-STATES

HAIR SHEEP SALE MARCH 25, at 11:30 a.m. Starting with equipment. Sheep to follow immediately after. NEW LOCATION!! WAHOO LIVESTOCK SALES 636 1st St., Wahoo, NE 68066. Looking for consignors and buyers. Healthy hair sheep only, all stock will be inspected upon arrival. No sheep with broken or missing teeth. All out of state sheep will need health papers. Veterinarians present to inspect and write outgoing health papers. Brucellosis testing must be done on rams over 6 months old to ship out of state. No more than 2 rams per producer. 10% commission. Sale order will be in order of consignment, call early!! NO consignments day of sale. REGISTER TO BID ONLINE minimum of 7 days in advance at www.dvauction.com and contact the barn for approval, 402-443-3512. To consign sheep call Josh Kaster, 402245-7391 or Neal Amsberry, 308-651-0327 3/18

Swine

MERINO EWES FOR SALE:

CAMPBELL AND HANSMIRE

GENETICS, 1,050 HEAD: 250

2-year-olds; 228 3-year-olds; 146 4-year-olds; balance 5- to 7-year-olds, 165-170 lbs. Good body condition. Supplementing on pasture. 19-20 Micron. Wormed and vaccinated 3 times in 2022. Hamp/Suffolk bucks turned in Nov. 22, 2022. Five Akbash dogs. For more information, call 308-440-7999 3/4

Swine

FINAL DRIVE FOCUSED!!

CUSTIS SHOW PIGS

18TH ANNUAL SALE, MARCH 25, 2023 AT 1 PM CARBON COUNTY

FAIRGROUNDS

RAWLINS, WY Multiple State Fair Grand and Reserve Champions have sold in this sale year after year. Don’t miss the chance to own the next champion!! Call Krisha 307-760-0327

We have spring 4-H farrowed pigs by Manchild, Big and Nitro available. Farrowed November through January. Jackpot, state fair, and county fair quality. Delivery to Colorado and Wyoming available in late March. Call Brad for more information. (712) 660-3173

Warner Ranch Seed

Serving Fremont County, Wyoming and the surrounding areas.

HarvXtra® alfalfa with Roundup Ready® technology, Roundup Ready® alfalfa and conventional varieties available!

Plant the best!

Buffalo Brand Seed for annual forages, cover crops, pasture grasses, small grains and custom mixes.

Call Today!

Bryan Warner • 307-850-7668 (cell)

GRASS SEED: Orchard grass, Teff grass and many other varieties available. WE SAVE OUR PRODUCERS THOUSANDS EVERY YEAR WITH OUR HIGH QUALITY GRASS SEED AND ALFALFA VARIETIES. Call for pricing and delivery options 208-740-8532 3/10

SEED FOR SALE: CONVENTIONAL ALFALFA starting at $2.89/LB, DRYLAND BRAND conventional starting at $3.20/ LB. CONVENTIONAL HYBRID CORN starting at $119/BAG. GRASS SEED also available. We ship daily and deliver to Wyoming weekly. ORDER EARLY, PAY EARLY, SAVE BIG!! Call 208-740-8532 3/25

Hay & Feed

2022 LARGE ROUND BALES: Net wrapped, 1,550-1,650 lbs., tests done, nitrate free, Japanese and German millet, $130/ ton. ALSO, large round bales of 2021 net wrapped and 2022 twine tied grass hay. Will deliver. Call 605-224-6100 (home) or 605-280-3879 (cell), if no answer leave message 3/25

GRASS HAY FOR SALE: 3x4 bales, 1,200 lbs., $250/ton. ALSO, 200 bales of certified weed free hay. Lyman, WY. Call Kelly, 307-780-7027 3/10

ROUND BALED GRASS FOR

SALE: Cody, WY area, 1,000 lb. net-wrapped bales, $70/ bale. Call, don’t text, Anthony at 307-254-2645. To view photos, go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds 3/18

SHELL CORN FOR SALE: Very good feed value. ALSO, hay and straw for sale. For more information, call 307754-5864 3/18

HAY FOR SALE: 2022 first and second cutting alfalfa, alfalfa/grass, grass mix, straight grass, Haybet barley, straight millet and sorghum. ALSO, 2022 wheat straw and older hay for grinding. All in netwrapped round bales. Semi load delivery available. Call for pricing, 701-690-8116, please send a text if no answer or keep trying 3/18

WE HAVE HAY FOR SALE!! Grass and mix still available. All sizes, all qualities and all quantities. Delivery available!! Call 307-630-3046 3/18

HAY FOR SALE: Teff grass and alfalfa mix. Small square bales. Approximately 70 tons available. Located in Powell, WY. For more information, call 307-254-8201 3/11

GOOD AVAILABILITY OF ROUND AND SQUARE HAY AND STRAW BALES FOR SALE: Low delivery charge at cost. Volume discounts available. Call/text 1-204-209-1066 anytime for pricing 3/11

BARLEY STRAW: Certified weed-free small squares, $4/ bale. ALSO, round bales. OATS, WHEAT AND BARLEY, $20/100 cwt. Greybull, WY area. Call 307-762-3878 or 307-202-0108, leave message 3/11

VALLEY VIDEO HAY MARKETS, LLC: Hay still available. Go to www.valleyvideohay. com or call Barry McRea, 308-235-5386 3/11

Vehicles & Trailers

2015 FORD F350: Single RW, factory cab and chassis, 6.2L, 70,000 one owner miles, Krogmann bale bed, with third hydraulic function, four new mud and snow tires. Very little bale bed use. $36,000. Call 307-366-2372 3/10

Leatherwork

WALKER HOUND PUPS: PKC and UKC registered, 6 months old. Nominated for money hunts. Out of outstanding dogs. ALSO, 10-month-old pointing Labs, AKC registered. Call for more information 801-916-6161 3/18

LS CUSTOM LEATHER: Belts, tack, cell phone cases and much more!! Contact Lester, 307631-1053, leave a message. Located in Riverton, WY 3/11

GRASS SEED FOR SALE: Manifest wheat grass, Manska wheat grass, Cache Meadow Brome, excellent germination, $3.90/lb. OBO. Call Big Horn Seed Company, 307-202-0704 or 307-645-3322 3/4

FIND IT IN THE ROUNDUP CLASSIFIEDS

FOR SALE: BODY FOR 2003 FORD 350 DIESEL SINGLE AXLE. Mint condition. Asking $1,750. Body was removed upon original purchase to accommodate Hydra-Lift. Call 719-320-5815. To view photos, go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds 3/18

WANTED!!! 1932, 1933 or 1934 Ford car project, restored or older restored one. Call 605-290-3208 3/4

Equipment

WANT TO BUY!! FORD 172

DIESEL 4 CYLINDER power unit. ALSO, other industrial applications wanted. Call Lloyd, 701-226-4055 3/4

EQUIPMENT FOR SALE:

310C gas Case crawler loader, $4,500; 95 John Deere combine round back, $6,200; Hesston 3 bale accumulator 4x4 big square, $3,900; 1999 4900 Hesston baler, $24,500; 2275 16’ Hesston pull type swather, $14,500. All machinery has been shedded. Call Ivan Policky, 307-629-0974 3/11

FOR SALE: H&S 7+4 17’ chuckwagon with tandem 14 ton running gear. John Deere 714A and 716A chuckwagons with John Deere running gear and bunk feeding extensions, been shedded, nice condition.

J&M 325 gravity box with 12 ton gear. Meyerink 12’ box scraper. Lorenz 16’x33’ 18 ton stack mover. Inland 102” snow blower with hydraulic spout. Farm King 8’ snow blower with hydraulic spout. All in very nice condition!! Call 605-9995482 3/18

EQUIPMENT FOR SALE: John Deere 8960 tractor with PTO; John Deere 5090e tractor with loader; CIH 1015 pick-up header; John Deere 455 30’ grain drill; White 30’ disk; Morris 53’ airdrill; Lawson 12x30 double drum land areator; Apache 2190 self propelled sprayer; New Holland 1075 balewagon; Vermeer R23 rake; Massey Ferguson 2190 4x4 baler; New Holland 359 grinder mixer; Modern Mill (mix mill) feed mill; Freightliner grain truck; IHC 80 bbl vac truck; Merritt 48’x102” cattle pot; Mobile Tech 9 yd. volumetric concrete mixer; Degelman 570 rock picker. Call 406254-1254 3/4

THE ROUNDUP GETS RESULTS

Heating Equipment

ELIMINATE ● RISING ● FUEL

COSTS: Clean, safe and efficient wood heat. Central Boiler Classic and E-Classic Outdoor Wood Furnace; heats multiple buildings with only 1 furnace, 25-year warranty available. Heat with wood, no splitting! Available in dual fuel ready models. www.CentralBoiler.com WE ALSO HAVE whole house pellet/corn/biomass furnaces. Load once per month with hopper. www.Maximheat.com

A-1 Heating Systems. Instant rebates may apply! Call today! 307-742-4442. To view photos, go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds TFN

A series of Pacific low pressure and frontal systems moved across the western contiguous U.S. (CONUS), according to the U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM) during the week of Feb. 22-28.

The weather systems dropped copious amounts of rain and snow across the West, especially over the Sierra and coastal ranges and the Rocky Mountains.

The weather systems reintensified as they crossed the Plains and moved into the Midwest, tapping Gulf of Mexico moisture to spread several inches of rain over northeast Texas to the Appalachians and Ohio Valley, with several inches of snow falling in the below-freezing air across the northern tier states from the Dakotas to New England.

Livestock Equipment

Livestock Equipment

Rupp Hydraulic Calf Tables

Rupp Hydraulic Calf Tables

$5,250

Irrigation

Irrigation Systems

Irrigation

The choice is simple.

Hunting & Fishing

Temperatures averaged cooler than normal across the snowy northern states, across the central to northern Plains and in the West. Little to no precipitation fell

• Handles Calves up to 300 lbs.

• Handles Calves up to 300 lbs.

• Operates off tractor, bale bed or remote hydraulic unit.

• Operates off tractor, bale bed or remote hydraulic unit.

Call Kevin McClurg, Big Horn Livestock Services 307-751-1828 • bighornlivestock.com

Call Kevin McClurg, Big Horn Livestock Services 307-751-1828 • bighornlivestock.com

Fencing

Equipment Decals

Good time management is essential to farming success. That’s why more farmers are turning to T-L center pivot irrigation systems. Hydrostatically powered, T-L’s simple design gives you the low maintenance time, cost, safety and reliability to let you manage your farm instead of calling electricians or replacing gearboxes. Simplify your complex world and make irrigation easier on you.

MARCH 9-12: PETSKA FUR WILL BE BUYING ALL RAW/ DRY FUR DEER/ELK HIDES AND ANTLER, IN THE FOLLOWING WYOMING TOWNS AND LOCATIONS: MARCH

Easier On You.

Big Horn Truck and Equipment Manderson, WY rairdenjlw@tritel.net

VALLEY 6000 PIVOT: Six spans measuring 180 ft., one span 160 ft., 22 ft. overhang with Nelson end gun. ALSO, Nelson drop nozzles. New Valley Icon 5 panel, 11r24.5 tires. $28,000 delivered. Call 307-366-2372 3/10

ADVERTISE TODAY

Property for Sale

9: Douglas 7:10-7:20 a.m., Douglas Feed (drive thru); Bill 8-8:10 a.m., Bill’s Store (drive thru, call Greg); Wright 8:50-9:20 a.m., Exxon Big D on S. 387; Newcastle 11:15 a.m.-11:45 p.m., Voelker’s Body Shop; Upton 12:3012:45 p.m., Joe’s Grocery Store parking lot; Moorcroft 1:15-1:45 p.m., The Coffee Cup; Gillette 2:10-2:30 p.m., T&T Guns and Ammo; Gillette 3-3:30 p.m., Rocky Mountain

Property for Sale

320 ACRES WITH A MILE AND A HALF OF LIVE SPRING WATER: Alpine setting. Beautiful views. Located in the Dillon, MT area. REDUCED $1,200,000. Call Sidwell Land & Cattle Co., Richard Sidwell, 406-861-4426, 406-3224425 or e-mail sidwell@sidwellland.com 3/25

LODGEPOLE

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Subscribe Today and Read it in the Roundup

ALDER CREEK PASTURE, BAKER CITY, BAKER COUNTY, OR: The Alder Creek pasture contains over 2,000 acres of native spring, summer and fall pasture. The rangeland is situated just East of Baker City. The property is in good condition and has good perimeter fencing. The prior owner developed a well for stock water making a reliable source for good stock water. The range is gently sloping, south facing slope for the most part. Variety of native grass makes it desirable for cows/calves or yearlings. If you are looking for early spring, summer or fall pasture, this is ideal. This the first time being offered at approximately $500 per acre for deeded and contiguous ownership, $1,095,000. Give us a call at 541-523-4434, Intermountain Realty, Inc., Greg Sackos, Principal Broker, James Dunlap, Broker, www.intermountainland.com 3/25

National drought summary reported

across the Gulf Coast, western portions of the Southern and Central Plains and over the Northern Plains near the Canadian border.

Wetter-than-normal conditions were widespread across the rest of the West, parts of the Northern and Central Plains, the Northeast and much of the Midwest.

Drought or abnormal dryness contracted or reduced in intensity where it was wet across much of California and other parts of the West and Plains, as well as part of the Great Lakes region.

The High Plains

The High Plains region experienced a patchwork pattern of precipitation this week.

The Rocky Mountain areas of Wyoming and Colorado, as well as the eastern half of Kansas, received onehalf of an inch to two inches or more of precipitation.

Additionally, one-half of an inch fell across South Dakota and northern and

eastern parts of Nebraska.

However, North Dakota, eastern Colorado and adjacent parts of Kansas and Nebraska were drier, receiving less than one-half of an inch.

This winter has been particularly wet for central to northern portions of the High Plains region, while Kansas and parts of southeast Colorado have missed out on the above-normal winter precipitation.

The heat and dryness of last summer and fall dried out soils, and as winter set in soils froze in the northern states, locking dryness into place.

The precipitation this week and in earlier weeks resulted in contraction of moderate to severe drought in the Dakotas to Nebraska, and an exceptional drought in Nebraska. However, abnormal dryness was kept to reflect the leftover dry state of the frozen soils.

Abnormal dryness contracted in parts of Colorado

and Wyoming, and abnormal dryness and moderate to exceptional drought contracted in eastern Kansas.

Looking ahead

As the Feb. 22-28 USDM week ended, one weather system was moving across the Northeast and another was slamming into the West.

More Pacific weather systems will follow during March 2-7, bringing one-half of an inch or more of precipitation to the West Coast and higher elevations of the West, parts of the Great Plains and much of the CONUS to the east of the Plains.

Another four inches or more of precipitation can be expected for the Sierra Nevada and coastal ranges and from northeastern Texas and eastern Oklahoma to the Ohio Valley and southern Appalachians

An inch or more of precipitation should be widespread from eastern Kansas to the southern Great Lakes and from the eastern Great

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Lakes to the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic states.

Western and some central parts of the Great Plains – especially Nebraska – western Texas and southeast New Mexico, as well as southern California to the Great Basin, are forecast to receive less than one-half of an inch of precipitation.

Temperatures are predicted to be warmer than normal in the South and Southeast to cooler than normal in the West. A cooler- and wetter-than normal pattern is likely for March 8-15 across the CONUS.

Richard Heim and Rocky Bilotta are scientists and authors at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Centers for Environmental Information. This article was provided by Chris Poulsen, geographic information systems manager for the Drought Mitigation Center. For more information, visit droughtmonitor.unl.edu

Wyoming Custom Meats (drive thru); Lander 3:40-4:10 p.m., Zander’s One Stop; Jeffrey City 5:15-5:30 p.m., Split Rock Cafe; Muddy Gap 5:506 p.m. (drive thru, call Greg). MARCH 12: Casper 7:20-8:20 a.m., Wagner Outdoor Sports; Glenrock 9-9:15 a.m., east exit on I-25; Douglas 10-10:20 a.m., Douglas Feed; Orin Junction 10:40-10:55 a.m., truck stop (drive thru); Lost Springs 11:10-11:20 a.m., truck pull off (drive thru, call Greg); Manville 11:20-11:30 a.m., truck stop (drive thru, call Greg); Lusk 12-12:20 p.m., Decker’s Grocery. For more information, call Greg, 308-750-0700 or visit www. petskafur.net 3/4

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Family & Nurse Cows

BROWN SWISS BRED HEIFERS FOR SALE: Will calve March, April and May. Bred to Brown Swiss bulls. Have had all shots. Poured with Ivomec on regular basis. TB tested and current health papers. Nice, gentle, outside cattle, in good shape and well fed. Delivery options available. For pictures or more information, call Larry W. Carlson, 605-224-6100 (home) or 605-280-3879 (cell), if no answer leave message. Pierre, S.D. To view photos, go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds 3/25

Veterinarians remind producers of the importance of horse vaccination programs

From dragging calves to the branding fire under a hot, summer sun; sorting off heavies in spring snow flurries; gathering pairs in the golden glow of fall and pulling a hay wagon across hard-packed snow during winter months – among a long list of other things –ranch horses are imperative for working farms and ranches across the U.S.

Ensuring these diverse and helpful athletes are in good health is crucial, and veterinarians at the Nebraska Equine Vet-

erinary Clinic in Omaha, Neb., including Dr. Michael Black, Dr. Michael Thomassen, Dr. Kimberly Conover and Dr. Amy Cook, remind producers of the importance of implementing a ranch horse vaccination program.

Core vaccinations

In a Nebraska Equine pamphlet, titled “Vaccination guidelines for adult horses,” veterinarians recommend horse owners use a few core vaccines for all of their horses, in addition to some secondary vaccines for specific horses at higher

For more information or to view the pamplet, visit nebraskaequine.com.

risk of disease exposure.

“Ranch horses should be given a specific set of core vaccines, regardless of which risk category they fall under,” say Black, Thomassen, Conover and Cook.

They note core vaccines include eastern and western equine encephalomyelitis (EWT), also known as sleeping sickness; tetanus toxoid; West Nile and rabies.

The veterinarians also note these vaccines are most often administered as fiveway or EWT vaccines in the spring every year.

Secondary vaccinations

For horses at higher risk of disease exposure, such as horses used off of the operation for performances, sport, rodeo, show competitions or even to help on neighboring farms and ranches, Nebraska Equine veterinarians recommend adding additional vaccines to a vaccination program. These include vaccines for influenza, rhinopneumonitis and strangles.

“After spring vaccinations, variations between different groups of horses arise based on disease exposure risks,” they explain.

Following the initial vaccinations given in the spring, Black, Thomassen, Conover and Cook explain influenza and rhinopneumonitis vaccines should be administered in four- to sixmonth intervals. This means, after given once in the spring, they would also need to be administered in the fall, and in some circumstances, during the winter, depending on the product and the risk of exposure for individual horses.

“In addition to the above core vaccines, it is highly recommended to give an

intranasal strangles vaccine on an annual basis for protection against Streptococcus equi,” notes the veterinarians at Nebraska Equine. “Again, vaccinating for strangles is based on risk of exposure for individual horses.”

Consulting a veterinarian With these recommendations in mind, the veterinarians at Nebraska Equine mention the difficulty of designing a comprehensive vaccination program for all horses.

“These recommendations are intended to be used as a general guide-

line,” they note. “It is wise for producers to consult with their own veterinarians while developing a vaccination schedule for their specific operation.”

“Veterinarians have a good understanding of what a horse needs for optimum protection, and their knowledge of the different vaccines available will ultimately offer horses better immunity and protection,” they continue.

Hannah Bugas is the managing editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

Healthy ranch help – Since ranch horses are imperative to the success of a working operation, veterinarians remind producers of the importance of implementing a horse vaccination program. WYLR photo

Legislation reintroduced

As part of their continued effort to support American ranchers and safeguard American consumers, U.S. Sens. Mike Rounds (R-S.D.) and Jon Tester (D-MT) reintroduced their bipartisan legislation to suspend Brazilian beef imports to the U.S. until experts can conduct a systemic review of the commodity’s impact on food safety and animal health.

Rounds and Tester first introduced the bill in November of 2021 after Brazil revealed two cases of atypical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) or mad cow disease that June.

Most countries report similar cases to the World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) immediately, with both the United Kingdom and Germany reporting cases to OIE within days of their occurrence this same year, but Brazil reported its cases more than two months after the fact, breaking trust with the OIE and global trading partners.

This has been a routine occurrence, with Brazil also waiting months or even years to report similar cases in 2012, 2014 and 2019.

Brazil enjoys preferential market access on the global stage due to its designation as a “negligible risk” exporter by OIE. While rare, one-off instances of atypical BSE do not necessarily indicate systemic issues with the health of Brazilian cattle herds, repeated delays in reporting suggest an overly lax food safety regime and raise concerns about the reporting of additional dangerous diseases such as foot and mouth disease, African swine fever and avian influenza.

This legislation would make certain Brazilian beef is safe to eat before it is brought back into U.S. markets by imposing a moratorium on Brazilian beef until a group of food safety, animal health and trade experts has made a recommendation regarding its import status.

Get your SimGenetics from these Colorado members:

7L Diamond’s Hi Altitude Bulls

Leah and Peter Clark Bulls sell April 6, 2023 at Valley Livestock in Monte Vista • 719-849-8223

Altenburg Super Baldy Ranch - Triangle J 120 bulls - Fort Collins, CO

Saturday, March 18, 2023

Willie Altenburg, 970-481-2570

Baty Livestock Spring and Fall Heifer Sales batylivestock@gmail.com facebook/batylivestock

Bridle Bit Simmentals

All-Terrain Bull & Female Sale

Monday, March 20, 2023 at Walsh, CO Chad Cook, 719-529-0564

Campbell Simmental Part of High-Altitude Bull Sale

Saturday, March 25, 2023 at LaGarita, CO Robert, 970-749-9708

Dilka Cattle Yearling and 18-mo-old bulls, PT Briggsdale, CO • 970-396-8791 thedilkas@aol.com

Far Out Cattle Ranch

Jerrid Brisendine, 719-353-1747

All-Terrain Bull & Female Sale

Monday, March 20, 2023 at Walsh, CO Hill Brothers Livestock Females always available. Paul, 417-849-6851 facebook.com/hillbrotherslivestock

Jay Hill Family Simmental & SimAngus bulls Private treaty • 970-520-1555 jaywhill@kci.net

Mari Simmental Breeders

Ron Mari • Holyoke, CO Selling black % & PB ET bulls 970-520-7333 for EPDs & data

Phoenix Cattle Co. Fleckvieh Simmentals & Fleckvieh/Angus seedstock Roger Schager • 303-550-5592

Cody Pitt Family Black & Red bulls private treaty Hotchkiss, CO • 970-778-9267 cmp5792@aol.com

Rains Simmental Bulls of the Prairie sale

Saturday, March 11, 2023, Oakley, KS Mike Rains, 785-672-7129

Russell’s Reflected R Ranch SimAngus bulls sell private treaty Call Curt, 719-469-2857 for data or go to www.ReflectedRRanch.com

T-Heart Ranch

High-Altitude Bull Sale March 25, 2023 shane@t-heartranch.com 719-850-3082 or 719-850-3083

For sale dates, show details and event highlights, go to: www.ColoradoSimmental.com, e-mail colosimmental@gmail.com or follow us on facebook

A popular idea floating around the vegan community is we could solve the whole climate change dilemma (hoax) overnight if all the world’s vegan billionaires would each donate $1 billion to buy up all of the cows on Earth and destroy them.

by Lee Pitts

I am far from being a mathematician, but I did a bit of number crunching on the back of a napkin to see if the vegans’ idea would work.

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, there are 1.5 billion head of cattle on Earth, and

let’s say each one of them was worth $1,000. According to my calculations, it would cost $1.5 trillion to buy all of the world’s cattle. There are an estimated 2,668 billionaires on Earth, but we don’t know how many of them are vegans.

So far, I could only find two who will admit to it. So, the two vegans would have to come up with $750 billion dollars each to make cattle extinct. Not even Elon Musk, Jeff Bezos or Bill Gates has this kind of cash laying around.

The problem with the vegans’ “solution” is it assumes every cattle owner

would be willing to sell their bovines. Take India, for example. It’s the country with the most cattle, with an estimated 305 million head. The problem for the vegan mathematicians is cattle are revered and protected in India, and the thought of killing them all would be inconceivable to them. The U.S. owns the third most cattle, and its billionaires are quite fond of their cattle too.

Take John Malone, for example, who just so happens to be the largest land owner in the country. He owns Silver Spur Ranches,

a top-notch ranching and beef company, which runs on 2.2 million acres and includes the Silver Spur Ranch in Encampment and the Bell and TO Ranches in New Mexico. He also has ranches in Walden and Kiowa, Colo. It turns out Malone is just as good at running ranches as he was at running his media business, which made him worth nearly $10 billion. I’d like to see the two vegan billionaires I was able to identify try to swap a tough trader like Malone out of his cows.

Another big landowner is Stan Kroenke with 1,380,000 acres and counting. In 2016, he bought the most expensive ranch ever – the W.T. Waggoner Estate. This 510,000 acre ranch is believed to be the largest ranch behind a single fence in the country.

Kroenke mostly earned his wealth through sports –he is the owner of the Los Angeles Rams. As far as I know, one can still buy a hot dog in his SoFi Stadium, so I doubt he is a vegan or that he’s going to be a willing seller.

The vegans can cross Peter Buck off their list as well. The nuclear scientist and founder of Subway died in 2021 at the age of 90 but not before he became one of the largest landowners in the country.

Do people really think

the Buck family wants the world to be beef-free?

What are they going to sell at their Subway sandwich shops without beef – bean curd and tofu lasagna?

Then, there’s the Singleton family who own 1,110,000 acres in New Mexico. Dr. Singleton was the founder of Teledyne, and with some of the proceeds from the sale of his company, he decided to preserve ranching heritage which has been around in New Mexico for hundreds of years.

Singleton passed away in 1999, but his five children carry on his mission and are known for the quality of their horses and cattle. What will their great cow ponies do without cows – mope around all day swatting flies?

And, let’s not forget the King Ranch heirs. What will they run on their ranches in a beef-free world – yaks, bison and water buffalo? They burp and pass gas too, you know?

The point I’m trying to make is the vegans’ idea of buying up all of the world’s cows and killing them to cure the climate change hoax is idiotic, but the vegans who thought up the idea could be lacking in the brain department as a consequence of eating all of that kale ice cream, chickpea banana bread and garbanzo bean surprise.