May 4, 2019 by Wyoming Livestock Roundup

Volume 31 Number 1 • May 4, 2019

The Weekly News Source for Wyoming’s Ranchers, Farmers and AgriBusiness Community • www.wylr.net

A Look Inside Student artists were awarded by Wyoming Ag in the Classroom for their work. . . . . . Page 2 Anaerobic bacteria are key in rumen digestion. . . . . . . . Page 6 Food production challenges require conversation and understanding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 8 Sale managers are worth their weight in commission, according to Lee Pitts. . . . . . . . . . . Page 16

Quick Bits Report Closed Wyoming State Treasurer Curtis E. Meier on April 30 denied accusations that he made threats to members of the State’s Human Resource Division in March. Meier said he was notified by Wyoming Highway Patrol that an incident or investigation report was filed March 21 but that no violation was identified, and the investigation has been closed.

Proposal could improve wild horse management strategies The National Cattleman’s Beef Association (NCBA) has been working quietly for months with a number of other groups to formulate a plan for the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to more efficiently manage wild horse

and burro populations across the West, according to Executive Director of the Public Lands Council and the NCBA's Federal Lands committee Ethan Lane. Lane was featured on NCBA’s Beltway Beef

podcast on April 26 to discuss the landmark wild horse proposal. The podcast focuses on current issues affecting the beef cattle industry. Shortcomings Lane explained the 1971 Wild Free-Roam-

ing Horses and Burros Act assigns management of the wild horses and burros of the range to BLM. However, a congressional rider associated with the act forbids BLM from selling horses to anyone Please see HORSE on page 5

Child hunger First lady aims to mitigate child hunger issues in Wyoming “I was really naïve to the fact there are so many kids in Wyoming who were struggling to eat,” said Wyoming First Lady Jenny Gordon. “After talking to some friends who were involved in food programs, I knew I wanted to help.” Gordon has made it her First Lady's initiative to assist children who are struggling with hunger and remove the stigma attached to receiving a free lunch. “What piqued my interest in these programs was running into a friend of mine in Sheridan who had a couple of fully stocked grocery carts,” Gordon said. “I asked

her if she had decided to adopt 100 kids, and she told me about the Friday Food Bags program in Sheridan.” This program allows students who may not have had access to meals over the weekend to pick up a food-filled bag on Friday afternoon to eat over the weekend. Gordon explained the Friday food bags are what really sparked her First Lady’s initiative and put her plans in motion. Gordon was the keynote speaker at the inaugural University of Wyoming Extension Excellence in Agri-

Please see HUNGER on page 6

Mule Deer

Wyoming Game and Fish Department Laramie Region wildlife biologists collected approximately 80 satellite GPS collars that dropped off mule deer following the end of a twoyear study to learn more about migration routes and doe survival. The study area encompassed Mule Deer Hunt Areas 74, 75, 76 and 77. It involved fitting 80 mule deer does with GPS collars to provide biologists with detailed information on the Sheep Mountain mule deer herd.

Excellence in ag – First Lady Jennie Gordon addressed the Excellence in Agriculture Symposium in Gillette, held on May. Callie Hanson photo

AIS Checks

According to Wyoming Game and Fish Department regulations and the United States Coast Guard, canoes and kayaks are considered watercraft. Many paddlers and other non-motorized watercraft users do not realize when they see an Aquatic Invasive Species (AIS) check station, it applies to them and they must stop.

Big Four

Ranchers-Cattlemens Action Legal Fund United Stock Growers of America (R-CALF USA) is suing the big four of America’s beef production system - JBS, Tyson, Cargill and National. R-CALF USA alleges that independent cattle producers are harmed by collusion of the big four to depress cattle prices. The suit was filed in Chicago under violations of U.S. Antitrust Laws, the Packers And Stockyards Act and the Commodity Exchange Act.

Rodeo teams win big Following a rough start to the spring rodeo season, the University of Wyoming (UW) men’s and women’s rodeo teams clinched both team titles for the Central Rocky Mountain Region of the National Intercollegiate Rodeo Association. It has been 13 years since both UW teams swept the regional team honors in the same season. The teams will compete against other teams from across the country at the College National Finals Rodeo in Casper in June. The men’s team bested Casper College by over 1,200 points in the final team standings, while the women’s team put 400 points over the second place Eastern Wyoming College team. The men’s team will be ending a 13-year dry streak with their regional win. Seth Peterson of Minot, N.D. was the men’s all around champion, with teammate Caden Camp of Bozeman, Mont. coming in behind him in second. Peterson was also the second place tie down roper. James Flake of Mesa, Ariz. and Denton Wade of Lusk topped the rankings for heelers, and Caden Todd finished second in the heading. Flake’s horse was also named Horse of the Year for the region. East Helena, Mont. native Ty Elverson’s third place finish in the steer wrestling boosted the team’s scores, as well. Teisha Coffield of Yuma, Colo. was the breakaway roping champion as well as the women’s all around champion for the region. Rachael Calvo of Bassett, Neb. clinched the barrel racing title to push the women’s team to their first regional win since to 2008-09 season.

Using science New modeling tool targets species distribution When invasive species comes up in conversations on rangeland management, distribution and planning are of top concern for managers. As part of Hawaii Gov. David Ige’s (D) initiative, Biosecurity and Invasive Species, the Western Governors’ Association (WGA) hosted a May 1 webinar titled, “Species Distribution Modeling and Scenario Planning.” “Invasive species are an issue that we deal with every day, but using rational science and sound techniques to understand the risks we are facing are vitally important to spread the thin dollars even further,” Bill Whitacre, a policy advisor at WGA, explained. “There is an abundance of good work being done by states and their federal partners across the West.” Terri Hogan, invasive plant program lead of the National Park Service (NPS), and Catherine Jarnevich, research ecologist at the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) Fort Collins Science Center, summarized a new tool in development to visualize distribution models and inform decision-making efforts across the West in particular. “This work is important because it will provide a tool Please see SPECIES on page 7

Surber lays out the nuts and bolts of wool LM Livestock Services’ Lisa Surber stressed the importance of advocating for the diversity of wool products and how to speak to consumers on their level about the many uses of wool. She also addressed producers as to how to decrease contamination, price factors and marketing wool for different markets. Surber was featured on the American Sheep Industry Association (ASI) webinar titled “The Nuts and Bolts of Wool,” which aired April 30 via Optimal Ag. The webinar was funded with support from the “Let’s Grow” committee of ASI.

Advocating for wool “Sheep producers absolutely must advocate for the industry whenever they can,” said Surber. “There are a lot of misconceptions about wool, and some people simply don’t understand how versatile wool can be.” Surber recommended producers come up with their own “elevator speech” to give to consumers who are curious about wool products and production. “I always hit on how wool is natural, renewable and biodegradable,” Surber explained. “It’s a pretty well-

periodical

Please see WOOL on page 15

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 1 • May 4, 2019

Renewable Energy We have come to a time in Wyoming where there is a lot of movement towards renewable energy and the economics of coal, oil, natural gas, uranium, solar and wind energy is under scrutiny. But don’t forget hydroelecFrom the tric power, that has been around longer Publisher than all the other energies, except for Dennis Sun coal. We are really lucky in Wyoming that we have all of these energy options, but which ones are in Wyoming and surrounding states’ futures? What energies do we need to export and which ones do we use for our consumption? These are discussions we are now having. For the last 100 years or so, coal, oil, water and natural gas have provided energy for the region, and there is still a future for them. The infrastructure of the state is set up for these energies, and they have worked well within our region. Renewable energies have crept in the last 10 years or so and are gaining prominence, but will they work for our region? Most of all, will they work for power within the region or will we have to export the electricity to another area, say California for example? There are numerous countries that have made renewables work. Some had no choice. It was all they had locally. Iceland is one example. It generates the cleanest electricity per person on earth, with almost 100 percent of its energy coming from renewable sources such as geothermal and hydroelectric power plants and the costs are not too bad. Sweden has done pretty well with renewables but at a higher cost, and a higher cost of investment with higher taxes. Germany went to renewables for electricity in a big way, and realized they may not be able to afford the high costs, and some places are back to using coal. Uruguay seems to be doing it right, thanks to a supportive environment and a strong partnership between the public and private sector. The country has invested heavily in wind and solar power, without using subsidies or increasing consumer costs. As a result, it now boasts a national energy supply that’s 95 percent renewably powered. They accomplished that feat in less than 10 years. And then there is China - a country that may be the world’s largest polluter but also the world’s biggest investor in renewable energy, with huge investments both at home and overseas. China is in the business of renewables. That is, they are in the business of clean energy, but China's pollution is so great it reaches America. China now owns five of the world’s six largest solar-module manufacturing firms, the largest wind turbine manufacturer, the world’s largest lithium ion manufacturer, and the world’s largest electricity utility. They build coal-fired power plants around the world and want Wyoming’s low-sulfur coal for their own plants. China wants to reduce its fossil fuel consumption to save its heavily polluted cities but will build a fossil fueled power plant in another country. But, China also accounts for over 33 percent of all wind power generated around the world. It is so big and has so many people, world percentages just don’t add up. We need to find what works for Wyoming and the region that is cost effective. We’re used to low taxes and low energy costs and will fight to keep them. We cuss the boom-and-bust periods, but during the booms, we forget the busts quickly. Maybe times are changing, we are serious about changing or at least we’re talking about it. Those involved need your input and support. Do your part.

GUEST OPINIONS Student Artists to be Awarded By Stephanie Russell, Wyoming Ag in the Classroom Program Director

Wyoming Agriculture in the Classroom is thrilled with the growth of the Bookmark and Beyond Program. May 17 will mark the 25th annual celebration, where we recognize and award student artists from around the state. Student finalists, their families, teachers and principals have been invited to an awards luncheon in Cheyenne with Gov. Gordon and the First Lady. The winners of the Fifth Grade MapItFast class project will also be recognized. Following the awards, students will have the opportunity to learn about GIS mapping and how it can be applied to realworld careers. Each fall, Wyoming Agriculture in the Classroom mails program information to every second through fifth grade teacher in the state,

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the community. The winning project will be available to view on the Wyoming Agriculture in the Classroom website, under “Updates” later in May. Bookmark artwork submitted by our 14 finalists will be printed and distributed to libraries and ag expos around Wyoming. We are grateful for the continued support and sponsorships of this program, and the difference it makes for our youth. Be sure to watch for bookmark artwork and the names of student artists and sponsors in the Wyoming Livestock Roundup over the next few weeks. Wyoming Agriculture in the Classroom strives to develop an understanding of Wyoming’s vast resources where students become informed citizens, capable of serving as stewards for Wyoming’s future. We envision a future in which the interdependence of Wyoming’s people, agriculture and natural resources is acknowledged and valued for the benefit of all our communities. Learn more by visiting wyaitc.org.

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on a bookmark. Teachers from across Wyoming submit their students’ entries and the quality of the messages and artwork is always impressive. Finalists are selected by a panel of judges, and the public has the chance to cast their vote for a “People’s Choice” winner during National Agriculture Week. We were honored to have nearly 1,500 votes cast by our Wyoming communities. Looking forward to next fall, information packets will again be mailed out and we continue to look for partnerships in expanding the GIS mapping portion of our program. Projects submitted this year demonstrated diverse and creative ways to use mapping as an extension for classroom learning. The winning project, submitted by Mrs. Brenda Morgan’s fifth grade class at Rawlins Elementary, was titled “Rawlins Must-See.” The students did an excellent job putting together their project and introduced the audience to local parks, restaurants, shopping and recreation opportunities within

around 1,600 classrooms total. These packets contain information and entry guidelines for the Bookmark Program, our Wyoming Ag Resources maps, plus information about the Wyoming Stewardship Project. New for 2019, we had the opportunity to expand the program “Beyond bookmarks.” Fifth grade classrooms were invited to participate in a class project where they learned how to create GIS maps and submit their projects for judging, thanks to software donated by AgTerra. By participating in the Bookmark and Beyond Program, students across the state are introduced to Wyoming’s three main economic drivers as they consider the resources Wyoming has to offer. The provided Wyoming Ag Resource maps spark student discussion about Wyoming’s agriculture industry, and students take pride in learning about the livestock and crops produced in their home counties. Students then share this information as they create and illustrate their message

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 1 • May 4, 2019

NEWS BRIEFS Coal study sparks displeasure Gov. Mark Gordon expressed his displeasure at Rocky Mountain Power’s recent coal study. This study is not a final decision, but the utility operating in Wyoming and other western states is continuing to examine the early retirement of coal-fired power units in Lincoln and Sweetwater counties. Those power plants employ hundreds of people, as do the mines that supply them with coal. “The potential for early retirement of some coalfired power plants means we drift further away from finding solutions for reducing carbon emissions at all coal-fired power plants, those plants in Wyoming and across the globe. I will be very engaged with Rocky Mountain Power over the coming months as they move towards finalizing decisions. I will advocate for a positive path, where this utility and others are part of developing solutions rather than destroying communities and delaying progress on meaningful technological advances that keeps coal as part of a diverse energy portfolio and also address climate change,” Gordon said. Gordon also urged people who want to give input on this issue get involved because Rocky Mountain Power is taking comments and has a lot of information available on its website at rockymountainpower.net/about/irp.

4-H chapters win big

Albany County won the senior team and Niobrara won the junior team divisions at the 2019 4-H Meats Judging Contest at the University of Wyoming. Seven senior teams and 12 junior teams competed, and more than 84 4-H’ers took part in the contest at the meats lab on the Laramie campus on April 26. Cameron Magee and Trever Campbell, both of Natrona County, were the top senior and junior individual contestants. Gracie ZumBrunnen of Niobrara County was the high intermediate contestant. Members of the senior Albany County team were Malea Christensen, Thaddaeus Christensen, Alexis Lake and Kolton Lake. Members of the junior Niobrara County team were Kort Brannan, Wyatt Strauch, Gracie ZumBrunnen and Melody ZumBrunnen. 4-H’ers competed in placings, reasons and retail ID. Placings, names and counties are available at bit. ly/2019meats4H.

Risk protection plan improves U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) recently announced significant improvements to the Livestock Risk Protection Insurance Plan (LRP), a program that allows cattle producers to insure against unexpected price declines. LRP allows producers to insure between 70 and 100 percent of the projected price of their cattle. The projected price is based upon feeder cattle futures prices and varies depending upon the type of cattle and the weight of the cattle. The insurance coverage can be matched to the time that the cattle would typically be sold. For example, a producer calving in April and then marketing in September would typically obtain a policy that provides protection against price declines from April through September. LRP provides coverage for cow/ calf, stocker and feedlot operations.

BLM releases sale notice The Bureau of Land Management’s (BLM) Wyoming State Office released the sale notice for the June 2019 oil and gas lease sale, which includes 160 parcels totaling about 205,167 acres. The sale will occur online at energynet.com June 25-26. In accordance with Secretarial Order 3362 to improve wildlife habitat, BLM worked closely with the State of Wyoming to develop a sound leasing strategy that protects important wildlife habitat in Wyoming’s designated migration corridors. BLM is deferring three parcels in part within the Platte River Valley mule deer migration corridor and a portion of one more within the Red Desert to Hoback mule deer migration corridor, based on recommendations from the Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD). BLM is also applying a special lease notice to certain parcels that overlap migration corridors, mandating that lessees work with the BLM and WGFD to minimize potential impacts to big game before development. Publication of the sale notice initiates a 30-day protest period that will close on May 25. The sale notice, environmental review documents and additional information, including protest instructions, are available online at go.usa.gov/xEVpY. All protests must be submitted by mail to the Wyoming State BLM Office, 5353 Yellowstone Road, Cheyenne, WY 82009 or by fax to 307-775-6203.

Commission recently met The Wyoming Game and Fish Commission recently held its April meeting in Riverton. The volunteer board voted on several major topics and had other substantial discussions related to Wyoming’s fish and wildlife. The Commission voted to approve this year’s hunting season regulations. The season proposals came after Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD) managers spent thousands of hours in the field conducting surveys, analyzing data and meeting with hundreds of members of the public. The approved regulations will be available on the WGFD website. At this meeting, the Commission discussed 2019 grizzly bear legislation. A new law was signed earlier this year that would authorize the Game and Fish Commission to schedule a hunt if it “would be beneficial for managing Wyoming’s wildlife and protecting Wyoming workers and other citizens and tourists of the state.” The Commission issued findings that grizzly bears do pose threats to human safety and some game populations, but did not vote to schedule a grizzly bear hunt. Commissioners cited that since grizzly bears are federally listed under the Endangered Species Act, they would be placing Wyoming citizens in jeopardy of being prosecuted for violating federal law if they issued licenses and established a hunting season.

BLM seeking nominations The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) announced it is seeking public nominations for positions on 31 Resource Advisory Councils (RACs) nationwide. These citizen-based committees assist in the development of recommendations that address public land management issues. BLM maintains 38 such advisory committees formally chartered under the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA) and the Federal Policy and Land Management Act (FLPMA) across the West. Individuals may nominate themselves or others to serve on a RAC. Nominees must be residents of the state or states where the RAC has jurisdiction and will be reviewed based on their training, education and knowledge of the RAC’s geographic area. Nominees should also demonstrate a commitment to consensus building and collaborative decision-making. Letters of reference must accompany all nominations from any represented interests or organizations, a completed RAC application, and any other information that speaks to the nominee’s qualifications. To access the Wyoming RAC application materials, visit blm.gov/wyoming-rac. As published in a notice in the Federal Register, the BLM will consider nominations until June 14. For more information, contact Emmet Pruss, Wyoming RAC Coordinator, epruss@ blm.gov or 307-775-6266.

Fishery nears completion A project focused on bringing back the bass fishery in Renner Reservoir is near completion. Recently 2,000 fathead minnows were stocked in the 70-acre reservoir south of Hyattville. The minnows will serve as forage fish for bass that will be stocked within a few months, after the reservoir completely refills with water. Historically, the reservoir produced quality largemouth bass fishing and was popular with local and traveling anglers alike. In 2014, the bass fishery was lost following a near complete winterkill and over the last three years, Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD) has pulled out all the tools in the toolbox to bring this fishery back. While the loss of the bass fishery in 2014 was unfortunate, ultimately it presented WGFD with an opportunity to address key limitations fisheries biologists had been struggling to manage over the last decade. For years, the reservoir was plagued by winterkill events and dense vegetation, which unraveled the fishery and stunted the bass and sunfish population. In an effort to jump-start the fishery, WGFD planned to transplant catchable sized bass from another water body, in addition to stocking smaller bass. “Due to concerns with disease, fisheries managers have decided to forgo transplanting larger bass,” WGFD fisheries biologist Skorupski said. “Fingerling bass from a hatchery will be stocked within a few months.”

PRCA announces new COO Colorado Springs, Colo. – The Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA) announced the hiring of Tom Glause as its Chief Operating Officer (COO) and Director of Rodeo Administration. Glause will assume the position May 15 and will move to Colorado Springs, Colo. from Cheyenne, where he worked for two governors as the State Insurance Commissioner. Glause brings 30 years of experience in both the public and private sectors as an executive leader and attorney with a strong financial background. He attended Casper College and the University of Wyoming on a rodeo scholarship as a saddle bronc rider. He received his associate degree in business administration and a bachelor of science in accounting before going on to earn a juris doctorate at the University of Wyoming. His involvement and commitment to rodeo is as compelling as his employment history. Glause was a PRCA contestant member, Mountain States Circuit Rodeo president and has held a variety of positions at Cheyenne Frontier Days, presently serving as vice chairman of its board of directors. Glause’s son, Seth, is a four-time Wrangler NFR qualifier as a bull rider. “It’s a great opportunity to join the PRCA team as COO and Director of Rodeo Administration,” Glause said. “I look forward to leveraging my skills and rodeo background to make a difference for our membership.”

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MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT 6 Bale EZ Ration Feeder, pull type ......................................... Call for Pricing BJM 3914 Mixer Feeder, pull type ...................................................... $6,900 Leon 808 Loader, bucket & grpl.......................................................... $7,900 Case IH 710 Loader ........................................................................... $4,900 International 2001 Loader................................................................... $2,900 International 3 Bottom Plow................................................................ $1,450 14’ Chisel Plow ................................................................................... $3,900 Meyers 7’ V-Ditcher w/ wing extenders .............................................. $2,500 Aerway 15’ Aerator, pull type ............................................................ $19,900 International 510 Grain Drill, double disc with alfalfa seeder.............. $7,900 6”x32’ Grain Auger, PTO driven ............................................................. $950 8”x50’ Grain Auger, PTO driven .......................................................... $1,950

Cube Elevator ..................................................................................... $1,000 NEW 2016 20’ Duralite Stock Trailer ...................................... Call for Pricing 1967 Highway Enclosed Live Floor Trailer ......................................... $5,900 Arrow Portable Loading Chute ........................................................... $3,600 9 Shank V Ripper ............................................................................... $4,900 Ford Dump Truck ................................................................................ $9,500 Ford 700 Truck w/ stack retriever ....................................................... $9,500 Dynamo DP-7100 Generator .............................................................. $4,950 Set of IH Duals 18.4 x 38 w/ clamps...................................................... $750 1 1/4” 6 Rail 20’ Continuous Fence Panels ...................................$115/each 1 1/2” 6 Rail 20’ Continuous Fence Panels ...................................$142/each

CARLSON EQUIPMENT 77 Zuber Road • Riverton, WY 82501 • (307) 856-8123 carlsonequipment@gmail.com

Visit our Web Site at: www.carlsonequipment.com

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 1 • May 4, 2019

Junior Angus cook-off announced This year marks the 36th anniversary of the All-American Certified Angus Beef® Cook-Off, one of the most popular contests each year at the National Junior Angus Show (NJAS). The competition challenges juniors to prepare a beef-inspired dish and creatively present their meal to a panel of judges. While there are plenty of laughs and fun during the daylong event, participants learn the importance of communicating about beef nutrition and the Certified Angus Beef® (CAB®) brand. May 15 is the deadline to enter this year’s event, hosted July 16 in conjunction with the 2019 NJAS at the Kentucky Exposition Center in Louisville, Kent. National Junior Angus Association (NJAA) members compete in state

groups to develop a recipe and prepare it in one of three meat categories: steaks, roasts and other beef items. Each group may consist of two to six individuals, and the age divisions are 8 to 13, 14 to 17, and 18 to 21. Participating teams should do their homework and come equipped to answer a variety of questions. The CAB website hosts several different information sources and ideas to prepare for the cook-off, including the carcass specifications, various cuts and cooking methods and degrees of doneness. For more information on the AllAmerican Certified Angus Beef CookOff, visit AngusAuxiliary.com. For more information, contact Anne Patton Schubert at 502-477-2663 or Anne Lampe at alampe@wbsnet.org or 620-874-4273. To find out information about the NJAA and NJAS, visit angus.org/njaa.

BLEVINS

SALE REPORTS Grand Hills Cattle “Charolais With Altitude” Bulls Sale Reported By: Curt Cox, WLR Field Editor April 29, 2019 Albany County Fairgrounds, Laramie Auctioneer: Jim Birdwell Sale Manager: Hubert Cattle Sales Guest Consignor: Arthur Charolais 32 1/3 Charolais Bulls Avg. $4,193 Top Sellers Lot 6 − GHC Rushmore 8123 − Price: $11,000 DOB: 4/28/18 Sire: LT Rushmore 8060 PLD Dam’s Sire: LT Blue Value 7903 ET EPDs: BW: -1.9, WW: +29, YW:

16th Annual Herring Angus Ranch High Country Bull and Horse Sale Reported By: Curt Cox, WLR Field Editor April 27, 2019 Herring Angus Ranch, Encampment

New All Metal Stirrup Buckles Blevins new all-metal stirrup buckle in 3”& 2-1/2” widths. The 3” and 2-12” widths have the posts set horizontally and fit standard holes while the 2” width has the posts set vertically. Made of stainless steel and heat-treated aluminum, the same as our leather-covered buckles.

Blevins Stirrup Buckles Improved Sleeves same as on regular style buckle. The tongue has no hinge or strap. Available in 3” and 2-1/2” widths.

+50 and Milk: +22 Buyer: Aces Wild Ranch, Weatherford, Okla. Lot 1 − GHC Dry Town 80004 − Price: $8,000 DOB: 2/21/18 Sire: M&M Outsider 4003 PLD Dam’s Sire: PB

Auctioneer: Seth Weishaar 39 Yearling Angus Avg. $4,301 13 Composite Bulls Avg. $4,309 5 Ranch Horses Avg. $11,450 Top Sellers Angus Lot 23 − Price: $8,000 DOB: 4/1/18 Sire: Herring Sinclair Extra Dam’s Sire: Hobart EPDs: BW: -0.1, WW: +36, YW: +53 and Milk: +15 Buyer: Jerry Dilts, Riverton Lot 21 − Price: $7,500 DOB: 3/22/18 Sire: Aerosmith Dam’s Sire: Legend 34 EPDs: BW: +2.0, WW:

+44, YW: +67 and Milk: +21 Buyer: Kip Kerbs, Saratoga Lot 6 − Price: $7,000 DOB: 3/18/18 Sire: Combination Dam’s Sire: Final Answer EPDs: BW: -0.2, WW: +50, YW: +88 and Milk: +18 Buyer: Carbon Creek Ranch, Medicine Bow Lot 7 − Price: $7,000 DOB: 4/5/18 Sire: Combination Dam’s Sire: Missing Link EPDs: BW: -0.8, WW:

Sellman Ranch Annual Performance Bull Sale Reported By: Jody Sellman April 19, 2019 Crawford Livestock Market, Crawford, Neb. Auctioneer: Jack Hunter 124 Bulls Avg. $3,780

Easy to change stirrup lengths quickly and easy to install – won’t slip or stick. Made of stainless steel and heat-treated aluminum. Sleeves covered with leather. Order either improved, regular or four post buckles. Also new all-metal buckle in 3”, 2-1/2” and 2” widths. At your dealers or:

BLEVINS MANUFACTURING COMPANY INC. WHEATLAND, WY 82201

Top Sellers: Top Selling Angus Lot 4 − Quaker Hill

Rampage Son - Price: $9,250 Buyer Mike Hollibaugh, Chadron, Neb.

Medicine Rocks Ranch Production Sale Reported by: Cody Negri, WYLR Field Rep April 26, 2019 Bowman Auction Market, Bowman, N.D. Auctioneer: Joe Goggins 76 Angus Bulls Avg. $3,934 76 Commercial Heifers Avg. $1,190

Call 307.234.2700 to subscribe today! For your agriculture news on-the-go!

www.wylr.net 800.967.1647 • 307.234.2700 P.O. Box 850 • Casper, WY 82602

Top Sellers Lot 26 − Med Rock Beaver 841 − Price: $6,000 DOB: 3/18/18 Sire: Med Rock Beaver Creek 628 Dams Sire: Bovagene Sprint of LCR EPDS: BW: -2.4, WW: +43, YW: +75 and Milk: + 24 Buyer: Tim Tooke, Ekalaka, Mont. Lot 5 − Med Rock Beaver Image 889 − Price: $6,000 DOB: 3/30/18 Sire:

Med Rock Beaver Creek 628 Dams Sire: H A Image Maker 0415 EPDS: BW: -0.4, WW: +53, YW: +97 and Milk: +24 Buyer: Harmon Creek Cattle, Ekalaka, Mont. Lot 53 − Spring Hula Bex 809 − Price: $5,750 DOB: 3/29/18 Sire: KPHU 4055 Dams Sire: C R A Bextor KS 528 EPDS: BW: +0.5, WW: +54, YW: +90 and Milk: +32 Buyer: Clyde Crawford,

D-Mac EPDs: BW: -0.8, WW: +32, YW: +58 and Milk: +5 Buyer: Bar L Charolais, Simms, Texas Lot 9 − GHC Nooku 8701 − Price: $8,000 DOB: 3/9/18 Sire: WC Milestone 5223 P Dam’s Sire: LT-WC Templeton 1483 PLD ET EPDs: BW: +0.9, WW: +34, YW: +64 and Milk: +12 Buyer: T&L Charolais, Mountain Grove, Mo. Lot 3 − GHC Blended Bourbon 8096 − Price: $6,500 DOB: 3/23/18 Sire: TR DSUL 100 Proof 824 ET Dam’s Sire: M&M Raptor 8122 PLD EPDs: BW: -1.6, WW: +31, YW: +51 and Milk: +13 Buyer: Lovitt-Amos Charolais, Stapleton, Neb. +48, YW: +82 and Milk: +19 Buyer: Carbon Creek Ranch, Medicine Bow Lot 24 − Price: $7,000 DOB: 3/26/18 Sire: Herring Sinclair Extra Dam’s Sire: Legend 34 EPDs: BW: -0.1, WW: +33, YW: +53 and Milk: +15 Buyer: Jerry Dilts, Riverton Composite Lot 73 − Price: $10,000 DOB: 4/1/18 Sire: Broker Act. BW: 84 Act. WW: 715 Buyer: CHK Cattle Company, Saratoga Lot 71 − Price: $8,500 DOB: 3/24/18 Sire: Broker Act. BW: 81 Act. WW: 600 Buyer: Owl Creek Ranch, Walden, Colo. Horses Lot 104 − 2008 Chestnut Gelding − Name: Chex Price: $16,000 Sire: Chex a Waitin Dam’s Sire: IM A Tyree Two Watch Buyer: Tim Barkhurst, Saratoga Lot 49 − EXAR Stud Son - Price: $7,250 Buyer: Bruce & Marie Wohlers, Crawford, Neb. Lot 107 − Sitz Investment Son - Price: $7,000 Buyer: Heinrichs Cattle Co., Deshler, Neb. Lot 45 − Cowboy Up Son – Price: $7,000 Buyer: Chris and Julie Garrett, Chadron, Neb. Lot 14 − Quaker Hill Rampage Son − Price: $6750 Buyer: Mike Hollibaugh, Chadron, Neb. Baker, Mont. Lot 73 − Med Rock Commando Charge 837 − Price: $5,750 DOB: 3/2/18 Sire: EF Commando 1366 Dams Sire: S A V Recharge 3436 EPDS: BW: +1.3, WW: +67, YW: +125 and Milk: +28 Buyer: Rick Braaten, Rhame, N.D. Lot 43 − Med Rock Gold Cash 864 − Price: $5,500 DOB: 4/20/18 Sire: VAR Cash 547 Dams Sire: Sitz Alliance 6595 EPDS: BW: -0.2, WW: +52, YW: +98 and Milk: +26 Buyer: Randy Wolentz, Baker, Mont. Lot 48 − Med Rock Power Cash 845 − Price: $5,500 DOB: 5/10/18 Sire: VAR Cash 547 Dams Sire: PA Power Tool 9108 EPDS: BW: -0.8, WW: +62, YW: +110 and Milk: +28 Buyer: Harmon Creek Cattle, Ekalaka, Mont.

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 1 • May 4, 2019

HORSE continued from page 1 with the intent of commercially processing the horses. “This is not to be confused with the existing ban on horse slaughter in the United States,” Lane said. “Though related somewhat, these are separate issues.” “The limit of sale of

these horses prevent the BLM from properly managing these populations,” Lane said. “Over the years, no matter if it was a Democratic or Republican majority in Congress there has been a complete lack of political courage when it comes to managing horses.”

Wild Horse Annie Act Though the current Wild Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act was not enacted until 1971, the predecessor of the bill was introduced by Nevada Representative Walter Baring and signed into law in 1959, according to the Bureau of Land Management (BLM). Known as the “Wild Horse Annie Act,” the bill was named after Velma B. Johnston. Johnston advocated against the manner in which the horses were harvested on western rangelands. The act became law in 1959 and forbid the use of motorized vehicles to hunt wild horses and burros on public land. Though the bill passed, it did not include any of Johnston’s recommendations for protection, management and control of the horses and burros, according to BLM. By 1971 the populations had significantly declined. Public outcry sparked Congress to unanimously pass the Wild FreeRoaming Horses and Burros Act, and President Richard Nixon signed the bill into law on Dec. 15, 1971. Since its passing, the law has been amended on four different occasions. There are strict limitations as to whom BLM can sell the horses and burros to, which has become a major hindrance in the ability of BLM to relocate horses off the severely overpopulated rangelands.

Turkey hunting opens It’s springtime in the Big Horn Basin, and turkey season has arrived. The spring season in Hunt Area 4 began April 13 and is open through May 20. With the exception of Yellowtail Wildlife Habitat Management Area, Hunt Area 4 is a general season in which any wild male turkey may be harvested with a general license. To hunt turkeys on Yellowtail, hunters must apply for and draw one of 50 Type 1 licenses available for the area. Hunters are reminded that legal shooting hours for turkey hunting is one-half hour before sunrise to sunset. Once a turkey is harvested, the hunter must detach, sign and notch out the month and day of harvest on the carcass coupon before leaving the site of the kill.

Ranch Garage Sale Leopold Model SX-1 Ventana Spotting Scope, 20x60x80 mm, $375 • Gould Model 10gbc10 Booster Pump, 1”, $375 • Sullivan’s Air Express Blow Dryer III, $220 • Stock Heaters, 1 Model AP1, 2 Model 15N, and 2 Rubbermaid #4248-06, new floats in box, all for $95 • Dr. Meter Soil Thermometer, $15 • 12 Nasco Nose Guard Weaners #C32796, $15 • Hobart Ironman 230 with h20014-15 gun, with D1N-13 helmet, 2 pairs of gloves, chipping hammer, partial roll 1581 wire, and 30+ 8 ga. extension cord with male plug and boxed female 50 amp outlet, $1,500 • Probander, $200 • IdealGas weed burner, like new, $25 • AmCrest 1080P WiFi Bullet Camera, $45 • AWP Gel Plus Knee Pads, 31/2x14” Wood Trowel and 14x4” Trowel, $35 • Reddy Heater, 60,000 BTU diesel/kerosene heater, $150 • Kencove Electric Fence Supplies, about 75 lbs., max 10 12 1/2 ga. mainline wire, new roll 3 SSx 3 cu./3 tinned braided 1,320 ft., 4 rolls of 1,320 braided poly wire on O’Brien classic reels, used, 30 used stick in posts, $150 • Dare Fence Products, pinlock insulators, wood post insulators, post extenders, underground and hook-up wire, $150 • Y-Tex Tags, Lone Star and All American, packs of 25, 4 white numbered, 1 green, 2 blue, 3 red, blank, $125, RFID Ear Tags, 3 bags of 20, $65 • Behlen Products: 2 #40168012, 12’ calf creep feeder panels, $100 each, 4 #26178062 6’ feeder panels, $75 each, 2 #26178062 8’ feeder panels, $85 each, 3 #2212217 10’ all poly feed bunks, used, $75 each, 1 M Series manual headgate, like new, $250, inverted arch gate panels, used, 1 4’, $50, 2 8’, $75, 3 10’, $95, 3 #44131127 12’ XT corral panels, like new, $50 each, 1 #44131039 12’ galv. XT entrance panel with 6’ gate & 6’ panel, used, $85, 2 #40132125 12’ wire filled gates, like new, $85 each, 2 #40136127 12’ sq. corner gates, like new, $65 each, 2 #40120162 16’ heavy duty gate, used, $50 each, 16’ used utility gate, $50 each, 14’ utility gate, new, $60 each, 12’ aluminum panel gate, new, $55 • Aluminum Bleachers, about 23’ long, 4 seats, $1,200 and 1 with 5 seats, $1,500.

Items at West Hills Ranch 717 Fairview South County Rd. 143 Fairview, WY 83119 Contact Frank Taggart at 307-887-1647

Lane expressed the inability of BLM to manage wild horses has been catastrophic for rangelands as the populations continue to grow unchecked on habitats that are unable to support them. True compromise “This plan is a compromise in the truest sense of the word,” said Lane. “We have groups on all ends of the political and ideological spectrum supporting this.” Lane noted some of the groups that have endorsed the plan have historically been against all things agriculture, but they were still able to work together to formulate an effective plan, despite their historic differences. “There were some parts of this plan we didn’t particularly like and some parts that the animal rightstype groups didn’t like, but we had to compromise because something had to be done,” said Lane. “Considering the limitations of the law as it’s written, anything is better than nothing.” While there was a host of groups ranging from agriculture supporters to animal rights groups, some of the more far-flung animal groups had negative feedback about the plan, according to Lane.

“These groups are so far removed from the reality of the situation with wild horses and burros and how damaging they can be in such large numbers,” said Lane. He explained the conversations surrounding this plan began at the state level and started as simple roundtable type conversations and progressed into a compromise that fit many groups’ interests. “If they were going to have any hope in having something broadly endorsed by stakeholders there had to be compromise,” said Lane. Proposed solutions “The focus of this plan is increasing gather numbers,” said Lane. “Last year, BLM was able to gather 11,000 horses and burros, which was huge. We are hoping to gather at least 20,000 this year, a huge increase to an already big year.” Lane explained the groups also want to focus on fertility control. The current method, Porcine Zona Pellucida (PZP) has an 18 percent success rate and is not optimized for range use. “PZP has become the standard for fertility control and has been a failure,” Lane said. “Most of the time, it’s administered with darts and anyone who

“Over the years, no matter if it was a Democratic or Republican majority in Congress there has been a complete lack of political courage when it comes to managing wild horses,” – Ethan Lane, Public Lands Council has managed in a range environment knows darting isn’t optimal.” “Permanent surgical fertility management options have also been considered,” said Lane. “We are also looking at moving some of the horses off the range to pastures.” “This plan doesn’t create any new authority within the existing Wild

Torrington Livestock Markets PO Box 1097 • Torrington, WY 82240 307.532.3333 Fax: 307.532.2040

Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act,” Lane explained. “Our goal was to establish a new direction, so BLM is able to manage these horses despite the limitations within the law.” Callie Hanson is the assistant editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

High Plains Ranch Practicum School Hands on rancH management scHool focusing on production and rancH economics. 2019 Classes will be held in the Cheyenne, WY area.

School runs eight full days spread out from June to Nov.

Specific dates and registration details at http://HPRanchPracticum.com or contact Dallas Mount 307-322-3667 Registration deadline is June 15. Space is limited.

Lex Madden: 307-532-1580 Michael Schmitt: 307-532-1776 Chuck Petersen 307-575-4015

www.torringtonlivestock.com

WEDNESDAY, MAY 8, 2019 - YEARLING/CALF SPECIAL

FEEDERS Harmel & Sally Jolley 365 Blk Strs & Hfrs, 650-875#, Weaned a long time, Hay Fed w/2# of Grain, 2 Rounds of Shots, All Natural Bremer Land & Cattle 300 Mostly Blk Hfrs, few Strs, 800-825#, Weaned a long time, Been on a Grower Ration, Comp Vac. Prog, Bangs Vac. Tom Rogers 60 Blk Strs, 700-800#, Weaned a long time, Been on a Grower Ration, Complete Vac. Program CALVES Bruce & Debra Murray 170 Hereford/Bwf Strs, 600-650#, Weaned in Jan., Running Out, Full Vac. Program, All Natural, Home Raised Kerbs 4 Bar Ranch /Scott Kerbs 100 Blk Strs & Hfrs, 425-510#, Weaned since Feb. 1, Running out and Hay Fed, Comp Vac. Prog, Home Raised Oak Leaf Ranch 75 Blk few Bwf Strs & Hfrs, 400-575#, Branding & Pre-cond. Shots, Green, Wintered on pasture w/their moms and supplemented with hay Clark Ranches 22 Mx Strs, 400-500#, Weaned a long time, Running out on grass supplemented with Hay, Shots: 7-way, Home Raised

FRIDAY, MAY 10, 2019 - BRED COW/PAIR SPECIAL Lazy D Farms 28 Mx Cow Pairs, ST, Bangs Vac., Tagged to Match MANY MORE CONSIGNMENTS BY SALE DAY! SALE RESULTS - FRIDAY, APRIL 26 -1734 HD

James & Connie Bowen Ross Newman George Peet Hash Knife Ranch Inc Kellie Hinman Britt Wilson Kelley Cattle Co LLC Monte & Kimberly Stokes Carter Creek Cattle Co Justin & Allison Briggs Flag Ranch LLC Tom Dooper Haywood Bartlett Miles Land & Livestock Co JFW Corporation George Ochsner Ranch Inc David Hansen Von Forell Herefords Circle H Land & Cattle Todd Kaisler Todd Kaisler Bedtick Ranch Circle H Land & Cattle Chip Adamson Mario Pitts William Hageman Trust Bill Klein Frontier Land Co LLC Roy & Kathleen Jarrard Cade Swanson Dale Zitterkopf Circle H Land & Cattle NO Ranch LLC Cade Swanson Cade Swanson Jerry & Connie Soule Frontier Land Co LLC Cody Smith Kodiak Martinez

1 Braunvieh Cow 1 Black Cow 1 Black Cow 2 Black Cow 1 Black Cow 4 Black Cow 34 Black/Red Cow 2 Black/Red Cow 2 Black Bull 1 Black Bull 1 Hereford Bull 26 BlackHeiferette 17 Black Heiferette 3 Black Heiferette 4 Black Heiferette 1 Black Heiferette 3 Black/Red Heiferette 1 Red Heiferette 15 Black/Red Heifer 7 Black Bred Cow-3yr/June 13 Black Bred Cow-SM/June 2 Black Bred Cow-SM/May-June 2 Black Bred Cow-3yr/May 3 Black Bred Cow-ST/June 3 Black Bred Cow-SS-ST/June 8 Black Bred Heifer-May 6 Black Bred Heifer-May 11 Black Bred Heifer-April 10 Black Bred Heifer-May 20 Black Pairs-Hfr 5 Black Pairs-Hfr-3yr 28 Black Pairs-SM 18 Black Pairs-SS-ST 16 Black Pairs-ST 6 Red Pairs-Hfr 2 Charolais Bull Calf 1 Black Baby Calf 1 Black Baby Calf 1 Sorrell Mare

2390 1040 935 1142 1490 1727 1151 1085 952 2105 2030 1031 972 1061 1088 1315 725 790 568 1262 1408 1430 1007 1340 1206 1031 1086 1069 999 1158 991 1237 1488 1284 1185 535 230 160 950

53.50C 86.00C 83.00C 74.00C 70.50C 67.00C 62.00C 54.00C 129.00C 101.00C 94.50C 110.50C 106.00C 103.00C 100.00C 89.00C 128.00C 117.50C 157.00C 1635.00H 1600.00H 1575.00H 1425.00H 1050.00H 1025.00H 1585.00H 1475.00H 1450.00H 1310.00H 1875.00H 1685.00H 1450.00H 1375.00H 1200.00H 1850.00H 161.00C 450.00H 325.00H 350.00H

SALE RESULTS - WEDNESDAY, MAY 1 - 3401 HD

Glenn Diaz 8 Black Bull Cole & Ashley Shultz 5 Black Bull Steve Buskirk 6 Black Bull Richard Lamb 9 Black Steer Scott & Becky Schaneman 7 Black Steer Hester Farms Inc 81 Black Steer Hester Farms Inc 131 Black Steer Hester Farms Inc 35 Black Steer Gary & Kathy Mehling 21 Black/Red Steer Gary & Kathy Mehling 72 Black/Red Steer Frontier Land Co LLC 50 Black/Red Steer Dennis Edwards 61 Black Heifer Justin Olson 101 Black Heifer Hester Farms Inc 116 Black Heifer Bob & Ann Boner 53 Black Heifer Hester Farms Inc 65 Black Heifer Ron & Barb Jespersen 39 Black Heifer Arrow L Farms Inc 43 Mixed Heifer Bill & Mary Owens 27 Red Heifer David & Teri Hinman 17 Red Heifer Helen Nicolls 11 Black Steer Calf Helen Nicolls 25 Black Steer Calf Beardsly Ranch 15 Black Heifer Calf RS Cattle Co 57 Black Heifer Calf John & Sherri Herbst 60 Black Heifer Calf John & Sherri Herbst 14 Black Heifer Calf Justin Olson 22 Black Heifer Calf Dennis Edwards 28 Black Heifer Calf Helen Nicolls 18 Black Heifer Calf Bob & Ann Boner 13 Black Heifer Calf RS Cattle Co 3 Mixed Heifer Calf Bill & Mary Owens 12 Red Heifer Calf Danny & Barbara Cushman 6 RWF Heifer Calf CATTLE COUNTRY VIDEO Randy Burnison 180 Blk/Bwf Strs Randy Burnison 180 Blk/Bwf Strs

638 853 946 642 720 755 856 938 674 830 850 656 722 809 660 732 736 752 709 778 489 615 588 427 618 508 559 606 524 611 308 592 382

152.00C 118.00C 111.00C 173.00C 160.00C 158.50C 140.25C 135.00C 171.00C 137.75C 134.25C 158.00C 155.50C 154.00C 152.00C 145.50C 140.00C 137.75C 151.00C 140.00C 185.00C 184.00C 173.50C 168.00C 167.00C 159.00C 166.00C 165.50C 159.50C 158.50C 174.00C 150.00C 172.50C

980 980

131.00C 130.00

(307) 532-3333 - www.torringtonlivestock.com TORRINGTON LIVESTOCK AREA REPS Cody Thompson - Lusk, WY 307-334-3388 or 307-340-0150 * Ty Thompson – Lusk, WY 307-340-0770 Zach Johnson Lingle, WY –307-575-2171 Jeff Ward – Laramie, WY 307-399-9863 Tam Staman – Crawford, NE 308-631-8513 Artie Johnson - Lusk, WY 307-216-0117 Lander Nicodemus – Cheyenne, WY 307-421-8141 * Danny Nicodemus – Cheyenne, WY 307-632-4325 Chris Williams - Greybull, WY 307-272-4567

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 1 • May 4, 2019

McCallister: Anaerobic bacteria within the rumen play unique roles in digestion Beginning in 1950, a scientist named Bob Hungate developed techniques to study anaerobic bacteria, or bugs that cannot survive in oxygen. “When he developed those techniques, a number of scientists started using it, and we started culturing all the bacteria in the rumen,” says Tim McCallister from Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. “We began to understand the bacteria. We knew the ones that digested fiber, the ones that digested starch and the one that digested protein.” As microbiology and molecular biology techniques began to expand, so did the technologies used to study such bacteria. Growing technologies Instead of simply collecting and growing bacteria, today, scientists utilize the genetic information of bacteria to identify the bacteria. “Now, we take samples,

extract the genetic material and run them through a sequencer,” McCallister explains. “Then, by looking at the sequences, we can tell which bacteria are there. Each bacterial type has a specific gene which helps us identify it.” Additionally, each bacterium has genetic information that codes for specific functions. As an example, the genetic information that codes for starch digestion present within bacteria means the bug participates in starch digestion. “When we did the math to compare what we cultured in the laboratory to what we found in the genetic information, we found out that 95 percent of bacteria in the rumen had never been cultured in the laboratory,” he emphasizes. “There is a huge portion of the rumen population we thought we figured out, but we only had about five percent of it.” McCallister says work

HUNGER continued from page 1 culture Symposium in Gillette on May 1. In addition to praising the works of women in agriculture, she also discussed her hunger initiative. Removing the stigma Gordon explained she never wanted to reinvent the wheel with food assistance programs but instead remove the stigma students associate with accepting a “free lunch.” Gordon has been busy visiting schools and food pantries alike to figure out the needs and shortcoming of these programs and how to best address them. “We have noticed as kids get older, they are less likely to participate in programs such as Friday Food Bags or free breakfast,” Gordon explained. “I don’t think it’s really due to the need changing as much as the stigma older kids attach to the con-

cept of getting free meals.” Gordon noted she and Montana First Lady Lisa Bullock have collaborated on these issues. Bullock informed Gordon of a program in Montana that removes some of the stigma attached to their previous breakfast program and prevents kids from being singled out for participating in programs. “The First Lady of Montana calls the program they use ‘Breakfast After the Bell,’” Gordon said. “This program is a universal breakfast that allows all students to eat breakfast in class, instead of singling out those students who qualify for free and reduced lunch programs.” Gordon has reached out to schools in Wyoming to start implementing a similar program and address any doubts teachers and administrators may have about such

For more information about the First Lady’s initiatives, visit governor.wyo. gov/about/meet-jennie.

today continues to focus on rumen microbiome, 95 percent of which is done using molecular biology today. Rumen biome Within the rumen, microbes work together as a team, according to McCallister. “They communicate with each other and with the host animal, as well,” he explains. “There are 10 to 100 billion bacteria in one cubic centimeter of rumen fluid.” Huge numbers of bacteria are present in the rumen, and they are joined by eukaryotes – multicellular organisms that include anaerobic fungi and protozoa. “The final group in the rumen are methanogens,” McCallister says. “These are not true bacteria.” Small bacteria The three principal populations of bacteria in the rumen are also segregated by their location.

“The first are the bacteria that are attached to the rumen wall. They have the greatest amount of communication with the host and account for a very small portion of the total population,” he says. Only one to three percent of the population of bacteria fit into this category, and McCallister says they are capable of surviving in environments both with and without oxygen. They are important for capturing any oxygen that may seep through the rumen wall from the bloodstream. These bacteria also have urease, which breaks down urea and releases nitrogen to help in amino acid synthesis. Largest bacteria populations The largest population of bacteria in the rumen – about 70 percent of the total microbiome – attach to the surface of feed and carry out the digestion process.

programs. Gordon explained in most schools, only students who qualify for free and reduced lunch are able to eat breakfast at school, which singles out those students and makes them less likely to take advantage of the program. State implementation “One in six children in Wyoming struggle with hunger,” Gordon noted. “But this problem isn’t just here in this state, nationwide 51 percent of children struggle with hunger.” “This is a statistic I’m just not okay with, especially here in our own communities,” Gordon said. Gordon explained she is traveling around the state with her team and visiting schools that have adopted programs to see what’s working and what’s not. “A lot of teachers have reported fewer discipline issues and trips to the nurse when more kids have access to breakfast,” said Gordon. “Teachers told us, before they had food programs, many students would begin acting out and asking to go to the nurse by about 10:30

a.m.” Gordon said she has visited with the Wyoming Department of Education to try and create statewide programs, as well as get schools connected to exchange ideas. Goals “As someone involved in production agriculture, I have a really hard time knowing there are kids in this state who are hungry,” said Gordon. “There is so much production agriculture in this state, and my longterm goal is to use agriculture to help solve the child hunger problem.” “We really want to shine a light on this issue because I don’t think a lot of people are aware of just how many kids struggle with hunger in our

“There is a huge portion of the rumen population we thought we figured out, but we only had about five percent of it.” – Tim McCallister, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada “For bacteria to digest feed, they have to be able to attach to it,” McCallister says. “When we process feed, we are creating more surfaces for the bacteria to attach to.” Different bacteria attach to and digest different feed sources. The final 30 percent of the bacteria in the rumen are free bacteria. “They have probably been released from a feed particle, and they are waiting for the animal to ingest more feed, so they can do the work of digestion.” says McCallister Protozoa Protozoa are also present in the rumen. “Protozoa are capable of eating or engulfing starch

granules,” McCallister says. “They account for 30 to 50 percent of the biomass in the rumen, just because they are so much larger.” Protozoa, however, are present as a much smaller percentage of the overall rumen microbiome. McCallister summarizes, “These microbes are all present in a community and they work together to digest feed and make it usable for cattle.” McCallister spoke during the 2019 National Cattlemen’s Beef Association Cattlemen’s College, held during late January 2019. Saige Albert is managing editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

“As someone involved in production agriculture I have a really hard time knowing there are kids in this state who are struggling with hunger,” – Jenny Gordon, First Lady of Wyoming own communities,” Gordon noted. Gordon explained her hunger initiative recently received a $16,000 donation to help with some logistics of the program. “This money wasn’t necessarily donated for food as much as some of the equipment the schools need to distribute the food to students,” according to Gordon. “It was a huge help, and we hope to get other people involved in these programs.”

Gordon said she hopes to have a directory available to the public outlining the locations of food pantries and other programs to assist children with their needs. She encourages people to get involved by volunteering at their local food pantries or contacting school districts to see what they need. Callie Hanson is the assistant editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

Poverty and hunger According to the No Kid Hungry organization, over 12 million children live in what the U.S. Department of Agriculture calls “food insecure” homes, which means the household does not have enough food for every member to lead a healthy life. Hunger most often affects low-income or impoverished families. The poverty level is a number set by the Department of Health and Human Services to determine the amount of money a family needs to purchase necessities, including food, for a family of four. As of 2018, 12 percent of Americans,

or about 40 million people, were living at or below this level. It is believed that of those 40 million, 13 million are children. Eleven percent of the population of Wyoming is reported to live at or below the poverty level, with one in six children in the state struggling with hunger. Most children who are considered to be in poverty qualify for existing free and reduced meal programs in public schools. According to the Wyoming Department of Education, some school districts have as high as 62 percent of students on the free and reduced lunch program.

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 1 • May 4, 2019

SPECIES continued from page 1 to invest in invasive species plant management efforts,” Hogan said. “As we all know, invasive species pose a threat to public and private lands, including natural resources and facilities within NPS.” She continued, “Land managers need tools about where to focus limited resources and make informed decisions on the effective management of resources.” NPS has worked in close collaboration with USGS on the project throughout the process of developing the tool, a list of invasive species of concern and an online tool. “We are broadening our effort through work with the land management community as well,” Hogan said. Distribution models Jarnevich explained NPS and USGS considered the ability to make a regional risk assessment utilizing distribution modeling. In additional to risk assessments, Jarnevich noted

the tool can be used to determine watch lists for potential species and in identifying potential habitat for invasive species. “It can also be used at the local level to target management efforts, such as within a park unit,” she said. “This model can also identify target areas where we might find invasive species or target satellite populations to control invasions more.” In Wyoming, for example, distribution modeling was used in a post-fire area to identify cheatgrass infestation. Model development Aggregated location data, primarily from the biodiversity information serving our nation (BISON) database at USGS and data from EDDMaps. “We use aggregated data, along with various prediction models on where species are found in the landscape,” Jarnevich said. “We feed this data into the model and a series of

Visit westgov.org to learn more about Gov. David Ige’s Biosecurity and Invasive Species Initiative. All webinars and meeting recordings from the last year are available under the “Initiatives” tab.

algorithms to make maps that provide predictions across the landscape.” Using a national library of nearly 60 different predictors, USGS and NPS are able to identify the subset of predictors the specifically impacts each species and its distribution. Predicators include soil type, climate data, geography and more, including anthropogenic influences. Using the model Today, an online tool called INHABIT – the Invasive Species Habitat Tool – is being used to deliver the model to managers. “It is compatible across device types, meaning managers can use it in the office on their desktop computer, but they can also utilize it on their tablet in the field,” Jarnevich said. “We’re also seeking input from land managers that utilize the tool to continue to improve its usability.” The models allow managers to graphically see the potential for invasive species spread. It also allows users to allow more or less conservative predictions. “Depending on what we are using the model for, we may want to be more conservative,” she explained. “For example, if we’re doing a risk assessment, we may want to

Biosecurity and invasive species Gov. David Ige (D-Hawaii) launched the initiative, Biosecurity and Invasive Species, in July 2018. “Gov. Ige launched this initiative because invasive species are not only a huge management issue for Hawaii but across the West, as well,” said Bill Whitacre, Western Governors’ Association policy advisor and initiative lead. “Hawaii is the invasive species capital of the world, and we wanted to tackle the large, landscape-scale impacts of

invasive species.” Ige’s initiative launched a year-long conversation effort looking at the work being done to prevent species from moving into a new area and the work being done to control, eradicate and respond to new and emerging species. Over the past year, the Western Governors’ Association hosted a slate of workshops across West. Workshops were complemented by a webinar series hosted online.

CLAY CREEK ANGUS Greybull, WY

be more conservative, but if we’re sending a field crew out to control something, we may want more certainty on specific locations.” Other tabs Additionally, with each species, predictor variables are provided in a separate tab to show the influence of each of the variables on the plant being considered. “We also provide information in a data summary,” Jarnevich said. “In this tab, we can select a species and then a list of national parks, along with suitable habitat, known presences and more information.” She continued, “We’re hoping this information can be useful in risk assessments.” NPS and USGS also have

a feedback tab that provides the opportunity for user feedback on potential new developments and features that are already in place. Moving forward As NPS and USGS move forward, Jarnevich explained plans to work with partners and continue to grow and develop the tool. “We want to know how land managers are using the tool for planning and in the field, as well as if there are differences in established versus new invaders and regional versus local assessments,” Jarnevich said. They also want to know what users would like to be downloadable, and if other features would be helpful, including future priority spe-

cies. “We have 40 species we will be adding to the system this year, and in the next year, we hope to create models for at least 50 more species,” she said. “We also want to know more about what people need for tools to be successful.” Jarnevich emphasized, “We’re really interested in seeing how we can continue to improve this tool as we move forward.” The project was funded by several USGS programs, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U.S. Park Service. Saige Albert is managing editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 1 • May 4, 2019

Bobo: Challenges of food production must be solved through conversation, understanding “There’s nothing we do that has a bigger, more negative impact on the planet than agriculture, but there’s nothing more important, either,” comments Jack Bobo,

Intrexon Corporation’s Global Policy and Government Affairs vice president. “Our challenge is how we grow the benefits and reduce the negatives.”

Forty percent of land on earth that could be used for agriculture is already being used, meaning the land footprint of agriculture is unrivaled by any other industry.

At the same time, water use within the agriculture industry is also expansive and impacts watersheds around the world. Further, Bobo says, “For

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every dollar we invest in wind and solar energy, we get less than one dollar back, because wind and solar are less efficient than fossil fuels.” “However, for every dollar we invest in agriculture, we get $1.43 back – everywhere in the world. It’s a positive rate of return,” Bobo says. “I wonder, would consumers rather pay more for their energy or less for their food to get a cleaner environment?” “If I know anything about Americans, they’d rather eat their way to a cleaner environment,” he comments. Opening the conversation The big challenge, however, is communicating these facts, Bobo says, noting ag policy conversations are dwarfed by discussions about energy independence. “We know we’re growing to 9.5 billion people in the world by 2050, and that will be a challenge,” he notes. “But, we also have 800 million people who will go hungry today.” Each year, nearly 9 million people die each year from hunger. Each day, 25,000 people die from hunger, which equates to 1,000 every hour and one person every four seconds, primarily children. “These are more than statistics. These are people,” Bobo says. “And when many people hear these statistics, they feel like the food system is failing us.” “When we use today as the baseline, it seems like ag in a bad spot getting worse, but if we use the baseline of 1920 or 1950, things in agriculture are good and getting better,” he asserts. “The question is, are they getting better fast enough?” Rate of improvement With a requirement for 70 percent more food by 2050, agriculture must also use less land, water and resources, according to Bobo, who also noted competing views about how food should be produced impact the industry. “On one hand, the ‘Slow Food Movement’ says food should be produced like it was 100 years ago,” he explains. “Another segment is moving towards more intensive agriculture.” Bobo comments, “These are two important global trends, and we need to find a way to bring them together. If we don’t, we won’t be able to solve the problems we all

face.”

Innovation With a necessity for new developments and improving technologies, Bobo says, “People love innovation almost as much as they despise change.” “There is no place people despise change more than in the food they eat,” he comments. “If we don’t change how we produce food, everything will change. We need to have a conversation that allows people see change as innovative and not change for the worst.” The conversation should not be about good, bad, right or wrong. Rather, it should be about choices and consequences, Bobo says. In Europe over the next decade, agriculture will increase by about four percent, which is just ahead of Sub-Saharan Africa. Bobo notes, however, production in Brazil will increase by nearly 40 percent. “Brazil’s increase is driven by demand in its number one export market – Europe,” he comments. “Europe has taken a low productivity, low intensification approach to agriculture. As a result, it can’t feed itself.” Europe also imports 70 percent of its animal feed needs. “Europe is also exporting its agricultural footprint to the most biodiverse country on the planet – Brazil,” he says. “Eighty percent of deforestation in Brazil is caused by agriculture, which makes Europe one of the biggest drivers of deforestation in the world.” “These are the choices and consequences we face,” Bobo adds. “Europe can choose to produce its food and protect its local environment, but there will be consequences. If we don’t talk about it, people may believe they are making choices to protect the environment when there are, in fact, negative consequences.” He comments, “Understanding our choices and their consequences is critical.” Bobo spoke about global food policy during the 2019 National Institute for Animal Agriculture’s annual conference held April 8-11 in Des Moines, Iowa. Saige Albert is managing editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 1 • May 4, 2019

OBITUARIES

Transportation legislation introduced

We welcome obituaries. Obituaries are printed free of charge and can be sent to roundup@wylr.net.

Editor's Note: The Wyoming Livestock Roundup would like to sincerely apologize to the family of Nancy Palm for mispelling her maiden name in the April 27 paper.

Nancy Marston Palm June 24, 1927 - April 20 2019

Nancy Palm, beloved wife, mother and friend crossed over the Great Divide on April 20 at the age of 91, after a long battle with Alzheimer and dementia, while in the care of the Goshen Healthcare Community in Torrington. Nancy was born in Sheridan on June 24, 1927. She was adopted at infancy by Burton and Beatrice Marston from Laramie. Nancy started school in Laramie until WWII called Burton back into service at Weingarten POW Camp in 1943. Nancy graduated from High School at Farmington, Mo. After the war, the family moved back to Laramie, where Nancy entered the University of Wyoming (UW). While attending the University she was active in Pi Beta Phi Sorority and worked

for the UW Science Camp near Centennial during the summers. Nancy graduated with an elementary teaching degree in 1949. She taught one year in Casper.. While attending the University of Wyoming, Nancy met Gerald Palm, and they married on July 2, 1950. They had been married for 63 years at Gerald’s passing in 2013. They started their life together on Palm Livestock’s home ranch, at the foot of Elk Mountain, one of several family ranches they would live on in the Elk Mountain and Hanna area. Three boys were born to this union, Steve, John “Casey” and Burt. They raised their sons on the Basin Ranch near Elk Mountain, punching cows and putting up hay during the summer. The family moved to headquarters near Hanna in the fall, where they looked after the sheep and the boys attended school. Nancy was a member of the Chapter A, PEO in Rawlins, a board member of the UW Alumni Association in the 1970s and the Carbon County Cowbelles. She and Gerald were avid Wyoming Cowboy football fans, holding season tickets for 63 years. She enjoyed traveling with Gerald to Wyoming Stock GrowersConventions and National Cattlemen meetings. Nancy had a passion for reading, amassing a huge library of books

in her Elk Mountain home. She loved to cook and was always looking for new recipes to try. She was well known for her excellent pies. She always joked that Gerald married her on July 2 so he would have a cook for the hay crew that summer. She enjoyed working in her perennial flower garden. She was always a lady and had a great sense of style. Nancy was an avid bridge player, and she and Gerald always packed cards in their bags when they traveled. Most of all, Nancy loved spending time with her husband and her family. She was preceded in death by her parents Burton and Beatrice Marston; and husband Gerald. She is survived by sons, Steve (Jackie) Palm, Casey (Nellie) Palm and Burt (Kay Lynn) Palm; grandchildren Jason (Jenni) Palm, Sonnie (Ryan) Neiman, Rita (Ryan) Farthing, Justin Palm and Quade Palm and six great-granddaughters. Funeral Services will be held at 1 p.m. April 29 at Montgomery-Stryker Funeral Home, with the Reverend Rhett Ivey, officiating. Burial followed at Greenhill Cemetery. Memorial donations may be made to the Wyoming State 4-H Foundation, 1000 E. University Ave .Department 3354, Laramie, WY 82071. Services are under the direction of Montgomery-Stryker Funeral Home. Online condolences may be made at montgomerystryker.com.

The National Cattlemen’s Beef Association (NCBA) welcomed the introduction of legislation in the U.S. Senate aimed at reforming federal Hours of Service (HOS) rules in a way that ensures animal welfare, highway safety and the well-being of livestock haulers. “The current HOS rules for livestock haulers present major challenges for our industry and can often jeopardize the health and well-being of livestock,” said Colin Woodall, NCBA’s senior vice president of government affairs. “Hauling livestock is inherently different than hauling typical consumer goods, like paper towels or bottles of water. Live cattle cannot sim-

ply be left unattended in a trailer, especially in very hot or cold weather for extended periods of time. This bill recognizes the unique needs of livestock haulers, and we are grateful for the continued support of Sen. Ben Sasse (R-Neb) and the other co-sponsors.” NCBA helped secure a delay from the implementation of electronic logging devices for livestock haulers until Sep. 30. However, the need for a long-term fix and increased flexibility for livestock haulers remains. In addition to working with allies on Capitol Hill, NCBA submitted a petition to the Department of Transportation requesting changes to the HOS rules for livestock haulers.

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 1 • May 4, 2019

CALENDAR

June 15

Submit your events to: Editor, Wyoming Livestock Roundup, P.O. Box 850, Casper, WY, 82602, or e-mail to roundup@wylr.net.

EVENTS May 7-8 May 8 May 9-11 May 10-11 May 17-18 May 17-19 May 18 May 21 May 23 May 30 June 3-8 June 5-7 June 7-8 June 8 June 8-9 June 9-15 June 11 June 15 June 15

Animal Damage Management Board Meeting, Casper, Casper Wyoming Game and Fish Office. Contact Kent Drake at 307-777-6574, for more information. Society for Ecological Restoration Pub Talk, Casper, The Gaslight Social. Contact Karen Rogers at 307-777-5003 for more information. Wyoming Outdoor Expo, Casper, Casper Events Center, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. Visit wyomingexpo.com for more information. 16th Annual Hotchkiss Sheep Camp Stock Dog Trials, Hotchkiss, Colo., Hotchkiss County Fairgrounds. Visit Hotchkissdogtrials.com for more information. Wyoming Outdoor Weekend, Lander, Lander Community and Convention Center. Call 307-335-2630 or e-mail rene.schell@wyo.gov for more information. Rocky Mountain Leather Trade Show, Sheridan. Visit LeatherCraftersJournal.com for more information. Wildflower Hike, Amsden Creek Wildlife Habitat Management Area. Contact Sheridan WGFD Regional Office at 307-672-7418 for more information. Aquatic Invasive Species Inspector Training, Casper, Casper Wyoming Game and Fish Department, 9 a.m. to 4p.m. Contact Wyoming Game and Fish Department at 307-721-1273 for registration details. Sandhill’s Cattle Association Convention, Valentine, Neb., Cherry County Fairgrounds. For more information call 402-376-2310. Forage Field Day, Powell, Park County Fairgrounds, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. RSVP to wyoforage2019.eventbrite. Wyoming High School Finals Rodeo, Gillette, Cam-Plex. Visit wyhsra. org for more information. Wyoming Cattle Industry Convention and Trade Show, Gillette. Visit wysga.org for more information. Overland Stage Stampede Rodeo, Green River. Call 208-680-5916 for entries or visit intermountainprorodeo.com/Rodeo-Information for online entries. Wyoming State Youth Hunter Education Challenge, Upton, Upton Gun Club. Call contact Rick Rothleutner at 307-281-9980 or George Oberstadt at 307-777-4542. Don Layton Antique Engine and Tractor Show, Shoshoni, East Park. Contact Carlta Witthair at 307-856-1164 or Cindy Leonhard at 307-4566304 for more information. College National Finals Rodeo, Casper, Casper Events Center. Visit cnfr.com for tickets or more information. Wyoming Women in Ag Diversification Tour, Gillette. Visit wywomeninag.org for more details. Chris Ledoux Days, Kaycee, 2 p.m. High Plains Ranch Practicum School Registration Deadline, Cheyenne area. For registration details visit HPRanchPracticum.com or contact Dallas Mount at 307-322-3667.

SALES May 11 May 11 May 15 May 18 May 18 June 12-13

Best of the Rockies 21st Annual Cody Country Horse Sale, The Irma Hotel, Cody, 307-754-4320, codyhorsesale.com Pass Creek Angus Ranch Inventory Reduction Auction, Wyola, Mont., 406-321-1534, 406-321-2286, rickyoungauctioneers.com Muleshoe Ranch Liquidation Auction, 4398 Palmer Canyon Road, Wheatland, 307-532-4976, 307-534-5156, mcnameeauctioncompany. com 36th Annual WYO Quarter Horse, Arena, Ranch Broke Gelding and Production Sale, Hot Springs County Fairgrounds, Thermopolis, 307864-5671, 307-272-0593, wyohorses.com Farmers and Ranchers Livestock Commission Spring Spectacular Catalog Horse Sale, Salina, Kan., 785-825-0211, 785-826-7884, 785493-2901, fandrlive.com Superior Livestock Auction Corn Belt Classic XXI, Council Bluffs, Iowa, 800-422-2117, superiorlivestock.com

Big horn Basin LIVESTOCK AUCTION LLC

May 3, 2019 - 125 Head Cows Steady • Bulls Steady • Feeders No Test BULLS Dale Lyman Ranch, Inc. - Ten Sleep 1 RWF Bull, 1835# ..................................... $8850 1 Blk Bull, 1665# ........................................ $8700 1 Hrfd Bull, 1640#....................................... $8100 Vigil Farms - Worland 1 Blk Bull, 1925# ........................................ $8450 Lungren, Luke - Worland 1 Blk Bull, 2115# ......................................... $8350 Greer, Tyler or Amber - Hyattville 1 Red Bull, 1490# ....................................... $7900 COWS Larsen Ranch Co. - Meeteetse 1 Blk Cow, 935# ........................................ $9700 1 Blk Cow, 1200# ....................................... $7400 Emerson, Jr., James - Worland 1 Blk Cow, 975# ......................................... $9400 1 Blk Cow, 1200# ....................................... $6100 Juniper Mountain Cattle - Fallon 1 Blk Cow, 1340# ....................................... $7000 Clay Creek Angus - Greybull 1 Blk Cow, 1195# ........................................ $6700 Gifford, Max - Cowley 1 Blk Cow, 1600# ....................................... $6500 1 Red Cow, 1535# ...................................... $5900 Lewton, Kent and Ann - Ten Sleep 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1285#.............................. $6450 1 Blk Cow, 1180# ........................................ $6400 1 Blk Cow, 1230# ....................................... $6400

Worland, WY

Sale Barn: 307-347-9201 Danny Vigil: 307-388-0781 Good, Robert or Sarah - Greybull 1 Blk Cow, 1210# ....................................... $6400 Miozzi, Rick - Cody 1 Blk Cow, 1375# ....................................... $6350 Gifford Ranch LLC - Basin 1 BWF Cow, 1325# .................................... $6300 Caines, Pat - Worland 1 Blk Cow, 1230# ....................................... $6300 Herman Livestock LLC - Hyattville 1 Blk Cow, 1320# ....................................... $6250 Geo Sinn and Sons Inc. - Worland 1 Blk Cow, 1615# ....................................... $6150 Stewart, John - Riverton 1 Blk Cow, 1270# ....................................... $5800 HEIFERETTE Gifford, Max - Cowley 1 Blk Hfrette 785#..................................... $11100 PAIRS Herman Livestock LLC - Hyattville 8 Blk Pairs .............................................. $110000 EWES Kienlen, Jerry - Worland 2 WF Ewes, avg. 208# ............................... $5000 7 BKF Ewes, avg. 229# .............................. $4800

Full House 10th Annual Elite Performance Stock Horse Sale, Weston County Fairgrounds, Newcastle, 307-746-5690, 307-421-1528, 307-7469477, fullhousehorsesale.com June 26-27 Superior Livestock Auction Big Sky Roundup IV, Billings, Mont., 800422-2117, superiorlivestock.com June 27-28 Northern Livestock Video Auction Early Summer Special, 866-6165035, northernlivestockvideo.com July 2 Cattle Country Video High Plains Showcase Sale, Goshen County Rendezvous Center, Torrington, 888-322-8853, cattlecountryvideo.com July 8-10 Western Video Market, Nugget Casino Resort, Reno, Nev., 530-3473793, wvmcattle.com July 8-12 Superior Livestock Auction Week in the Rockies XXXI, Loveland, Colo., 800-422-2117, superiorlivestock.com July 22-24 Northern Livestock Video Auction Summertime Classic, 866-6165035, northernlivestockvideo.com July 29-Aug. 2 Superior Livestock Auction Video Royale XXVII, Winnemucca, Nev., 800-422-2117, superiorlivestock.com Aug. 6-7 Cattle Country Video Oregon Trail Classic Sale, Gering Civic Center, Gering, Neb, 888-322-8853, cattlecountryvideo.com Aug. 9 Ft. Fetterman Remount Invitation Horse Sale, Wyoming State Fairgrounds Pepsi Equine Center, Douglas, 307-351-1422, remountsale.com Aug. 12-13 Western Video Market, Little America, Cheyenne, 530-347-3793, wvmcattle.com Aug. 19-20 Northern Livestock Video Auction Early Fall Preview, 866-616-5035, northernlivestockvideo.com Aug. 19-23 Superior Livestock Auction Big Horn Classic, Sheridan, 800-4222117, superiorlivestock.com Aug. 25 Weber and Company Performance Horse Sale, at the ranch, Valentine, Neb., 402-376-5356, 402-389-1406, weberquarterhorses.com Aug. 31 18th Annual Labor Day Horse Sale, Diamond X Ranch, Evanston, 307789-2474, proffitranch.com Sept. 5 Cattle Country Video Sandhills Roundup Sale, Goshen County Rendezvous Center, Torrington, 888-322-8853, cattlecountryvideo.com Sept. 6-7 2019 League of Legends Invitational Horse Sale, Heart K Land & Cattle Company, Livingston, Mont., 406-381-2347, turnerperformancehorses. com Sept. 10 91st Annual Wyoming State Ram Sale, Wyoming State Fairgrounds, Douglas, 307-265-5250, 307-351-1422, wyowool.com Sept. 10 Western Video Market, Haythorn Ranch, Ogallala, Neb., 530-347-3793, wvmcattle.com Sept. 16 Northern Livestock Video Auction Fall Premier Special, 866-6165035, northernlivestockvideo.com Sept. 20-21 23rd Annual Van Norman and Friends Production Sale, Elko County Fairgrounds, Elko, Nev., 775-756-6508, 775-934-7404, vannormansale. com Sept. 22 Sugar Bars Legacy 17th Annual Horse Sale, Sheridan County Fairgrounds, Sheridan, 605-347-8120, sugarbarslegacy.com Nov. 8 Rees Brothers Annual Fall Production Sale, at the ranch, Morgan, Utah, 801-668-8613, 801-949-8960, 801-913-5747, reescattle.com

POSTCARD from the Past

Compiled by Dick Perue rrichardperue@gmail.com

Souter WinterLambing Pens are State of the Art According to an article in the Nov. 2, 1905 issue of the Wyoming Industrial Journal, “Writer has heard of winter lambing, but we have never interviewed anyone who practices the specialty so when J.C. Burnet of the Arapahoe Agency store, who took us away from Lander or we’d be there yet, volunteered to drive us by the way of the Souter pens we were pleased.” C.H. Souter has the largest lambing place

we ever saw near Lyons post office. We give here with an illustration of the immense shed 75x252 feet in size, which took 60-odd loads of timber to construct and many stacks of straw to cover. On both sides of the shed are stacks of hay and feed pens, on the left is a pump house some distance away, where gasoline engine pumps water from the Creek to a tank in the pen, from which it is distributed by laterals to every stall. The stalls are about 20x20 each provided with

feed and water automatically and a hospital pen in front to assist lambing sheep. Lanterns strung along the shed man-high give light sufficient to aid the lambing sheep but Mr. Souter thinks of adding an electric generator to his gasoline engine and furnish about 40 lights to the lambing ewes and assistants. About 2000 ewes can be accommodated here which after a few days are turned into one of the several side hill corrals which are provided with immense hay stacks and running water and shelter from all sides. Mr. Souter certainly has a gold mine in this early lambing plant, owing to the increased prices he gets for spring lambs and the great saving of them, his loss being down to the minimum.

• Upcoming Sales • May 9 - All Class Cattle and Pair Special May 16 - All Class Cattle, Sheep & Goats May 23 - All Class Cattle and Pair Special May 24 - Horse Sale May 30 - All Class Cattle

May 9, 2019 Consignments Hangin F Ranch – 5 Red Angus pairs, 2 bred heifers.

Ranch dinners − "On the illustration some buildings are present in the background up a ways. These are the ranch buildings of Mr. Souter, and here we had the finest dinner since we ate elk. The wife of a brother of Mr. Souter, who came with her husband and family from the old country not so very long ago, served the dinner after European fashion good enough for any prince," the author of the above article added. Illustration and article from the Nov. 2, 1905 issue of the Wyoming Industrial Journal, Historical Reproductions by Perue

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 1 • May 4, 2019

WOOL continued from page 1 known fact that wool is insulating, but a lot of people aren’t aware that it’s also naturally flame-resistant and repels odor.” “With the exception of a few people, almost everyone wears socks, so I usually will start with talking to people about their socks and go from there, telling them about the diversity of wool,” Surber said. “We have to show people the diversity of wool and some of its lesser known qualities,” she said. “We need to be prepared to give that elevator speech whenever the opportunity presents itself. We have to advocate for ourselves.” Wool contamination “We all need to pay attention to wool contamination because it ultimately affects the value of wool and can increase the price for those on the processing side of the business,” Surber stressed. “Having to pick through excessive contaminants costs the processors time and money.” Surber explained there are two main types of

contaminants for wool – acquired contamination and applied contamination, both of which can drive the value of the wool down. “Acquired contamination is from contaminants sheep pick up in their environment,” Surber said. “There are a number of sources for these contaminants, but the most common is polypropylene twine.” Surber explained twine is a constant battle for sheep producers, as it is the most common method to contain hay. Aside from hay, many producers use the twine to tie gates and panels. “It’s really hard to avoid twine, but we need to be making a conscious effort to pick it up and throw it away when we see it on the ground,” said Surber. “Other contaminants include tarps and grain totes used for feed,” she noted. “Both of these items are prone to fraying, and the fragments can contaminate wool.” Surber explained

For more information about other American Sheep Industry educational events and activities, visit sheepusa.org or growourflock.org.

applied contaminants generally boil down to paints used to mark and identify sheep in the herd. “We need to ensure we are using paint that can be scoured out of the wool, though some processors don’t want to see any paint at all and will pay a premium for wool free of paint,” Surber said. “Producers need to be careful with manipulating the paint in any way that will affect the chemical composition of the product.” She explained manipulations to paint products including heating it over fire or thinning it with diesel fuel can change the chemical make-up and make it impossible to scour out of the wool. Price influencers “Apart from contaminants, there are a number of other factors that drive the pricing of wool in both commercial and niche markets,” said Surber. Surber compared the breed and genetics of sheep as the foundation of the herd and the prices in which wool will fetch. “We can renovate a house all we want, but we can never change the foundation unless we change houses,” Surber explained. “I like to think of breeding and genetics in that regard, we can minimize contaminants and other influences as much as we want but if there isn’t a strong base of

genetics in the herd, we won’t be successful.” “Once we get past the foundation, we have to look at our environment and how we manage that environment,” said Surber. “We can control a lot of our environment, for example, if we store wool in a dirty, contaminated container, we can’t expect a premium price.” “Factors such as type of wool, skirting, classing and shearing skill can all affect the quality of a fleece,” said Surber. “Poor quality and subpar shearing can also result in a lowering of prices for fleeces.” Marketing “Before we even begin to think about pricing, we need to think about how we are marketing wool,” said Surber. “Commercial and niche market wool consider different factors when pricing and purchasing wool.” Surber explained, in a commercial setting, buyers look at things that are objective and can generally be tested for in a lab such as micron, yield, length and strength. “In some commercial settings, buyers may be interested in the preparation in the wool, such as how it was skirted,” said Surber. “In some instances, they may look at other contaminants, but in this setting it's usually just the objective qualities.”

“There are a lot of misconceptions about wool and some people simply don’t understand how versatile wool can be.” – Lisa Surber, LM Livestock Services Surber explained specialty or niche wool markets play by a completely different set of rules when it comes to pricing and marketing. “In a lot of these niche wool markets, people are looking at very subjective factors such as the preferred color and comfort of the fleece,” Surber noted. “There is no way to scientifically measure these features. “ Surber explained an instance on Facebook where she saw what she

described as an “absolutely stunning” fleece and asked the seller what the micron of the wool was. “The seller couldn’t tell me what the micron was, but this doesn’t necessarily speak to the quality of the product, as much as how different the niche and commercial markets are.” Callie Hanson is the assistant editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr. net.

BLM releases statement In support of the administration’s goals to promote American energy security, expand the labor market and enhance local economies, the Bureau of Land Management Casper Field Office released a supplement to the draft environmental impact statement (EIS) for the Converse County Oil and Gas Project. The publication of a notice in the Federal Register begins a 90-day public comment period on the supplemental draft, which will close on July 25. The Converse County EIS evaluates a proposal to develop oil and gas in Converse County, submitted by Anadarko Petroleum Company, Chesapeake Energy Corporation, Devon Energy, EOG Resources, Inc. and Northwoods Energy. The operator group proposes to drill about 5,000 oil and natural gas wells in Converse County in an area encompassing approximately 1.5 million acres over a 10-year period. The proposed Converse County oil and gas project could provide up to 8,000 jobs and $18 billion to $28 billion in federal revenues, which would be shared with the State of Wyoming.

Bernard and Andrea McGuire

Muleshoe Ranch Complete Dispersion Auction Wednesday, May 15th – Starting @ 10:00 AM

4398 Palmer Canyon Road – Wheatland WY

Directions: The Muleshoe Ranch is located approximately six miles west of Wheatland, Wyoming. From I-25, take exit 78; turn onto West Mariposa Parkway and travel west for approximately 0.9 miles; turn left onto Ferguson Road/WY312 and travel approximately 0.1 miles; turn right at the first cross street onto Palmer Canyon Road traveling west for approximately 5 miles. Watch for the signs Vehicles, Trailers & ATV’s * 2001 Ford F350 Crew, PS diesel, dually w/ Hydra Bed. 4WD, 5 sp. Man. Trans. 130,000 miles.* 2004 Chevy 1500 PU. 4WD, auto trans, 99K miles, Silverado package * 1973 Ford F750 grain truck. Tandem duals, good hoist, Jacobs steel box (missing end gate) sells w/ 52K miles * 2015 Polaris 900 Crew cab Ranger w/ elect. Power steering, full hard cab, in-cab heater, good tires & sells w/ 6000 miles* 2011 Honda Foreman, 4WD 4 wheeler w/ elect. shift, 720 hrs. & a new seat. Tractors, Implements, Haying Equipment * 2003 JD 6420 MFWD tractor w/ JD 640 self-leveling loader w/ grapple. Power Quad trans, LH reverser, Cab is spotless, air, heat, power seat, remote 3 pt. controls, sells w/ 1230 hrs. & has all the ex-

tras in working order SN L06420H388806* JD 6400 MFWD tractor w/ JD 640 loader. Power Quad trans., air/heat, SN L06400V207454 5860 Hrs. * JD 4430 tractor w/ PS trans, both wheel & suitcase weights, air/heat in clean cab, SN 4430H071345R * Ford 2110 diesel utility tractor w/ 4X4 trans. 3pt., PTO, dual remotes running on 13.6-28 rubber that is 80%* Vermeer 605M round baler. Both twine & net wrap, all HD pickup teeth, & is field ready w/ 9704 bales on monitor SN 1VRV1618261001275* Vermeer R23A hyd. “V” rake. SN 1VRR201P541003876* Vermeer DiscPro 1030 mower/conditioner w/ new blades recently installed* JD 450 end wheel grain drill. 7.5” spacing, single disk, w/ alfalfa/grass box.Nice drill SN N00450X002282* Brillion 16’ culti-packer

w/ crowfoot front & back w/ sweeps* Sunflower 1211-10, 10’ off-set disk* corrugator w/ new points Skid Loaders, SL & 3 pt. Attachments * Caterpillar 257 trac skid loader w/ fully enclosed cab, air & heat, hand controls, 3372 hrs. * Owatonna 440 Hydrostatic skid loader w/ Mustang diesel eng. good tires, w/ 2900 hrs. & a clean unit * Danhauser, Hammer SL mount post pounder w/ post guide, Model SM40, SN 1427* SL attachments incl. grapple, sq. bale pickup/ spear, pallet forks* Case skid loader attach backhoe w/ 30” & 10” buckets Livestock handling, Fencing, & Irrigation * portable Pearson squeeze chute w/ steel floor and in like new cond. * used panels incl: (20) J-Bilt 10’, (7) J-Bilt 12’, (2) 10’ & (8) 12’ by Tarter

McNamee Auction Co, LLC * 6465 CR 39 Torrington WY * 307-532-4976 or 307-534-5156 www.mcnameeauctioncompany.com

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 31 No. 1 • May 4, 2019

It’s the Pitts by Lee Pitts

Go Figure I love auctions and the professionals who put them on. I’d rather watch a good bull sale than the Super Bowl or a Jennifer Anniston movie any day. Now, to the casual observer an auction may look like a simple affair, but believe me, there’s a lot more than meets the eye. Good sale managers can be worth their weight in commission and can pay for

themselves, even if all they do is make a great sale order. For example, many years ago there was a big bull sale in Montana, and the owner of the bulls was very innovative. He came up with an idea he called “the bull roll.” If you bought a bull, you could just keep buying bulls as they came in the ring for the same price. This would have worked

Visit leepittsbooks.org for more from Lee Pitts.

well if the bulls were placed in descending order of quality. Ralph, a ring man friend of mine who also traded bulls on the side, bought the last bull in a pen for cheap money and then he just kept right on rolling the bulls as they started selling on a new pen of bulls that were worth double and triple what he was paying. I think Ralph ended up with 40 bulls when he finally stopped “rolling” them. A good sale manager is a good livestock judge who can place the animals in the right spot. There’s sort of an unwritten rule that if you have a great bull, the AI studs are interested and you start the sale with that bull. But, I think the crowd needs to get limbered up a little, and then, you bring in the show stopper third or fourth in the sale. Another big decision to be made is, if you’re selling yearlings and two year olds, which ones do you sell first?

There are a lot of variables, and a good sale manager will likely make the correct call. Another quandary arises when you’re selling donor cows, their calves and embryos. Do you sell the embryos and calves first to show how much the offspring are worth, or do you sell the donor cow first to make their eggs and calves fetch more? A good sale manager also knows how to use any orders he might have. One time at a Brangus bull sale in San Angelo, Texas, I had an order for two bulls and made arrangements with the sale manager ahead of time for my buyer to send a check for the bulls. I finally got the bulls bought near the end of the sale, and later, the auctioneer told me the sale manager told him to “sell them away from me.” He’d used my little order all day to make the other bulls bring more money.

“A good sale manager is a good livestock judge who can place the animals in the right spot.” – Lee Pitts There’s a lot of psychology in a bull sale. I used to work a lot of all-breed events where a consignor might only have two bulls, so we’d bring them both into the ring at the same time and sell “choice,” which meant the winning bidder could take his or her pick. Theoretically, the better of the two bulls should sell first, but I can’t begin to tell you how many times after we’d sold the first bull, we’d joke and say, “Okay, now let’s sell the good one.” More often than you’d think, the second bull would sell for more than the first. My dear departed friend Ken Troutt was a World Champion auctioneer and had more tricks up his sleeve than a Vegas magician. His favorite was when he was

having trouble getting a bid on a bull. Yes, there was a time it was tough to sell bulls. Ken would say, “Open up that gate and let’s give them a choice.” Often, we’d bring in another bull, and no one would want him either. So we’d bring in another. The most I think we ever got up to was six bulls in a little tiny sale ring that was busting at the hinges. When we finally did sell one for good money Ken asked, “Does anyone else want one of these other bulls for the same price?” Darned if some old boy, bless his heart, didn’t raise his hand and say he’d take the other five for the same price per head we previously couldn’t even get a bid on.

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RIVERTON LIVESTOCK AUCTION Tuesday, April 30, 2019 Market Report • 999 Head Sold Representative Sales COWS DANIEL 1 Cow, 1105# ................................... $79.00 RIVERTON 1 Cow, 1155# ................................... $74.00 PAVILLION 1 Cow, 1530# .................................. $72.00 LYMAN 1 Cow, 1230# .................................. $67.00 DUBOIS 1 Cow, 1375# .................................. $64.50 RIVERTON 6 Cow, 1392# .................................. $62.50 5 Cow, 1088# .................................. $61.00 5 Cow, 1288# .................................. $60.00 3 Cow, 1271# .................................. $58.50 2 Cow, 1327# .................................. $56.00 BULLS PINEDALE 1 Bull, 1000# ................................. $113.00 LANDER 1 Bull, 1065# ................................. $107.00 PAVILLION 3 Bull, 1660# ................................... $95.50 1 Bull, 1655# ................................... $89.00 LANDER 1 Bull, 1870# ................................... $83.00 RIVERTON 2 Bull, 2100# ................................... $81.50 PINEDALE 1 Bull, 1620# ................................... $74.00 BRED COWS/HEIFERS LANDER 4 Bred Cow, 1162# ..................... $1,525.00 TORRINGTON 2 Bred Cow, 1202# ..................... $1,425.00 LANDER 3 Bred Heifer, 1021# .................. $1,435.00 CORA 6 Bred Heifer, 949# .................... $1,350.00 MEETEETSE 2 Bred Heifer, 1282# .................. $1,350.00 LANDER 4 Bred Heifer, 1237# .................. $1,325.00 PAIRS RIVERTON WY 10 Pair, 1103# (3 Yr)..................... $2,050.00 10 Pair, 1075# (3 Yr) .................... $2,050.00 30 Pair, 1132# (2 Yr)..................... $2,025.00 13 Pair, 1150# (2 Yr)..................... $2,000.00 GREYBULL 10 Pair, 1278# (2 Yr) .................... $2,000.00 RIVERTON 8 Pair, 1401# (5 & 6 Yr) .............. $1,875.00 5 Pair, 1517# (7-9 Yr) ................. $1,375.00 15 Pair, 1490# (BM) ..................... $1,250.00

9 Pair, 1261# (BM) ..................... $1,075.00 HEIFERS DUTCH JOHN, UT 5 Heifer, 378# ................................ $187.50 MOUNTAIN VIEW 4 Heifer, 426# ................................ $176.00 SHOSHONI 5 Heifer, 429# ................................ $173.00 RIVERTON 49 Heifer, 543# ................................ $165.75 LANDER 7 Heifer, 524# ................................ $155.00 3 Heifer, 555# ................................ $150.00 BIG PINEY 8 Heifer, 554# ................................ $146.00 LANDER 2 Heifer, 652# ................................ $137.00 PRESTON, ID 14 Heifer, 782# ................................ $122.50 3 Heifer, 831# ................................ $107.00 STEERS MOUNTAIN VIEW 3 Steer, 386# ................................. $201.00 LANDER 7 Steer, 402# ................................. $196.00 DUTCH JOHN, UT 4 Steer, 425# ................................. $190.00 LANDER 3 Steer, 530# ................................. $179.00 HANNA 3 Steer, 573# ................................. $164.00 RIVERTON 1 Steer, 595# ................................. $160.00 LANDER 2 Steer, 710# ................................. $146.00 BAGGS 3 Steer, 706# ................................. $141.00 RIVERTON 1 Steer, 760# ................................. $135.00 BIG PINEY 5 Steer, 764# ................................. $131.50 PRESTON, ID 6 Steer, 772# ................................. $131.00 THERMOPOLIS 18 Steer, 808# ................................. $129.50 PRESTON, ID 37 Steer, 873# ................................. $128.00 HEIFERETTES DANIEL 7 Heiferette, 821# .......................... $112.00 BIG PINEY 3 Heiferette, 838# .......................... $102.00 COKEVILLE 4 Heiferette, 985# ............................ $98.00 KAYCEE 6 Heiferette, 1068# .......................... $92.00

Early Consignments TUESDAY, MAY 7

TUESDAY, MAY 21

BRED COW & FEEDER SPECIAL, START TIME 9:00 AM W/ WEIGH UPS BREDS @ 11:00 AM, FEEDERS TO FOLLOW

BRED COW SPECIAL, START TIME 9:00 AM W/ WEIGH UPS, BREDS @ NOON

BRED COWS Six Iron Ranch - 30 Red Ang 3-10 Yr Old Bred cows. Bred to Red Ang bulls to calve now. Reputation, long time Red Ang ranch. Fancy!! PAIRS Herman Livestock - 15 Blk ST Pairs 15 2-7 Yr old Longhorn/CorrienteX cows w/ Blk Corriente sired calves at side. BREEDING BULLS 1 Blk Ang/SimmentalX Yrling Breeding Bull Hanks Family Ranch - 2 LBW Blk Yrling Gelbvieh Bulls. PAP score of 32. FEEDERS Eugene Thompson - 150 Blk & Red Crossbred Hfrs 450-525#. Comp vacc, long time weaned. Hay fed. Ready for grass! Hanks Family Ranch - 49 Blk Ang & AngX Hfrs 700#. Replacement quality. Rec two rounds of Bovishield Gold. Hay fed, Purina pellets & Purina mineral tubs. Bangs vacc. Fancy, high elevation, one brand heifers! OPEN COWS Jordan Land & Livestock - 45 Blk Ang 2-10 Yr old Open cows Bryce Westlake - 1 Jersey Milk cow. Fresh 3 weeks. 2 Jersey/Red AngX Hfr calves

TUESDAY, MAY 14 FEEDER SPECIAL W/ ALL CATTLE CLASSES, START TIME 9:00 AM W/ WEIGH UPS

SATURDAY, MAY 18 4H & FFA STEER CLINIC 9:00 AM - 3:00 PM Topics include Daily Care, Clipping & Fitting, Nutrition, Showmanship & more. Lunch will be served! Presented by Riverton Livestock & UW Fremont County Extension

TUESDAY, MAY 28 FEEDER SPECIAL W/ SHEEP & HORSES START TIME 9:00 AM W/ SHEEP & WEIGH UPS

TUESDAY, JUNE 4 NO SALE

TUESDAY, JUNE 11 ALL CATTLE CLASSES

TUESDAY, JUNE 18 NO SALE

TUESDAY, JUNE 25 ALL CATTLE CLASSES W/ SHEEP, GOATS & HORSES Hellyer Ranch - 105 Blk Ang 2-10 Yr Old Cow/ Calf Pairs (66- 2-5 Yr Olds, 19- 6-7 Yr olds, 20-8-10 Yr olds) Popo Agie Angus genetics in cow herd for years. Popo Agie sired calves. On complete mineral program & comp Fall vacc program. One brand. Run @ 8,500 ft elevation. Choice pairs!

TUESDAY, JULY 2 NO SALE

TUESDAY, JULY 9 ALL CATTLE CLASSES

TUESDAY, JULY 16 NO SALE

Contact: Riverton Livestock Auction (307) 856-2209 • Jeff Brown (307) 850-4193 • Tom Linn (307) 728-8519 • Mark Winter (580) 747-9436 • www.rivertonlivestock.com • Also watch our live cattle auction at www.cattleusa.com

1490 South 8th Street East • River ton, WY 82501 • (307) 856-2209