Karta Karta Pintingka
visualising fire regrowth on Kangaroo Island Xavier Barnett a1767908
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Links to Follow Sketchfab https://sketchfab.com/3d-models/kangaroo-islandfire-regrowth-sound-on-8f76bf62c35e426bb9719f0b 060131b4 Issuu https://issuu.com/xbarnett123/docs/issuu_ submission_x
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Table of Contents 2. Links 3. Table of Contents 4. Site Analysis 6-7. Methodology 8-9. Model Analysis 9-10. Model Comparison 11. Bibliography
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Site Analysis Karta Pintingka Noun 1. The traditional place name for Kangaroo Island in the Kaurna Language meaning Island of the dead. The site is located on the South East end of Kangaroo Island, down the coast from the famous landmarks such as Admirals Arch and Remarkable Rocks. It is located just to the east of Flinders Chase National Park and to the west of the township of Karatta. Flinders Chase was the worst hit area in the 2019/20 fires, with the dense bushland, as pictured, simply fuel for fire to burn.
> Above Kangaroo Island, 2018 (OpenStreetMap)
> Below Region contaning selected site on KI
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1.
Research
The first step was to conduct research on Point Cloud Modelling and generating ideas that could be developed into an engaging point cloud model. Kangaroo Island was chosen due to its proximity and recent fire season that could be analysed. A site near flinders chase was chosen due to the clear fire damage in the area, so that the regrowth would be able to be depicted.
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Site Analysis
Point Cloud Imagery was available from ELVIS Geoscience that contained LiDAR from 2020 for all of Kangaroo Island, including the selected site chosen for its range of creek flow, forestry and grassland, providing a range of biomes to be explored through the research. The next step was to collate images from the site over three distinct time periods. I needed the initial view of the site prior to the fires to be included as reference for the true damage of the fires to be seen, along with imagery as close to the fire season as possible. Both of these were available from Google Earth Pro, with the feature allowing older imagery to be shown. The latest imagery available was from OpenStreetMap, the provider for Bing Maps, providing imagery from 2021 a year after the fires.
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Methodology 3.
Development
The LiDAR point cloud data was then plugged into Cloud Compare to be analysed, checking over the landscape and confirming the suitability. It was then put into QGIS where the aerial imagery was georefernced to the ESRI Satelllite Map. That then allowed for the images to become a .tif file, that could be plugged into LASTools, specifically the tool LASColor, where the LiDAR had the Geotif superimposed over it.
3.
Finalisation
QGIS and LASTools succesfully coloured the 2020 point cloud data with all 3 years of aerial imagery, revealing features in 3D that were not visible in the standard 2D aerial imagery. This data was then plugged back into Cloud Compare and separated out into the three different years, and stacked to directly compare imagery. Georeferencing allows for the aerial imagery to be directly comparable, with points all corresponding to the same location on the LiDAR imagery. The imagery was then subsampled and exported to Sketchfab where ambience was added, particularly fire aftermath abience for the 2020 model. Finally, images were exported and touched up in photoshop to be ready to be presented.
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Model Analysis It can be seen in the diagramatics that the landscape has begun its regrowth process. The devastating fire damage in 2020 is evident, especially when compared to the gorgeous landscape presented in the aerial imagery point cloud from 2018. Regrowth has already begun but the landscape is yet to totally bounce back, with foliage increasingly greener in the low lying areas.
January 2021
January 2020
December 2018
> Upper Aerial/LiDAR January 2021
> Middle Aerial/LiDAR January 2020 > Lower Aerial/LiDAR December 2018
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January 2021
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January 2020
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December 2018
Generated from LiDAR Point Cloud Imagery and Aerial imagery from January 2021, a year after the 19/20 Bushfire season. Regrowth is apparent but the land is dry and green areas conform to low lying areas.
Captured on the 14th of January 2020, the imagery depicts the landscape during the worst of the fire season. The earth is scorched and smoke can still be seen from the Aerial imagery. (3D Smoke added in photoshop)
Taken using the 2020 Point Cloud LiDAR combined with Aerial Imagery from December 2018. It depicts a landscape teeming with life before the fires hit.
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January 2020
December 2018
January 2021
January 2020
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Comparison
It is evident how the landscape of Kangaroo Island was truly impacted by the fire season. The images to the right, compiled on Cloud Compare, depict the landscape when presented as a comparison. The image on the upper compares the destruction of the fires to the landscape that existed previously. Note that the tree lines flow and follow on to the original 2018 image, truly contrasting how destructive the fires were. The below image depicts the regrowth in a similar pattern, by contrasting the image from 2021 to the continuation from 2020. The tree canopies have been able to regrow, but it is clear the grasslands have struggled to bounce back as quickly, still yet to grow back with enough chlorophyll to appear green Further comparisons can be made by comparing the same landscapes up to down.
<< January 2020 Image with 2020 LiDar
< December 2018 Image with 2020 LiDar
<< January 2021 Image with 2020 LiDar
< January 2020 Image with 2020 LiDar
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Acknowledgements and Bibliography CNES/Airbus. 2018. Kangaroo Island Aerial Imagery. Maxar Technologies. 2020. Kangaroo Island Aerial Imagery. OpenStreetMap. 2018. Kangaroo Island Aerial Imagery. Tylor, James. 2017. Karta, Island of The Dead. www. jamestylor.com/karta-the-island-of-the-dead.html.
