PORTFOLIO
Xinyu Lin Portfolio Apply for MA Architecture and Historic Urban Environments of The Bartlett School of Architecture Application number: 22120376 Emaillinxinyusc@outlook.com Tel:+86 133 4072 7559
CONTENT 01 SELF-SUSTAINING COMMUNITIES Chengdu, Sichuan, China Urban design for urban village
02 THREE LINKS Chengdu, Sichuan, China Urban design for old community
03 PREVENTION FOR CLIMATE CHANGE Fishermans bend, Victoria Harbour, Australia Urban master planning for sea level rise
04 SCAR Hashima island, Nagasaki, Japan Memorial landscape design
01
SELF-SUSTAINING COMMUNITIES Urban design framework for urban village
DISABLEMENT
Community For Landless Farmers&Community For City Residents
SITE: AREA: DATE: TYPE: INSTRUCTOR:
PRODUCTION
Chengdu,Sichuan,China 18HA
03/2021-08/2021, Autumn Term 2020-2021
Academic Individual Work Chunhua Chen(3171983950@qq.com)
INTRODUCTION: Due to the rapid urban expansion of Chengdu, the Neigoyan village was relocated to become an urban site in 1998, and 114 villagers were relocated into the temporary relocation community. This area gradually evolved into an urban village with a dirty environment and a mix of people. How to help the landless farmers, who are severely ageing and have low education levels, to resettle in the city is the question explored in this project. After extensive site research, I noticed the strong nostalgia of the local residents for rural life, so I extracted the spatial structure of the traditional western Sichuan rural dwelling unit - the forest pan, and put in place the industrial operation model of the edible city to satisfy the daily food source of the residents while providing additional economic income .
LANDLESS FARMERS IN CHENGDU
LANDLESS FARMERS IN NIEGUOYAN COMMUNITY
HIGHLY URBANISED AREAS
FARMLAND LOSS
SITE ANALYSE
POOR HOUSING CONDITIONS
INFORMAL COMMERCIAL
DISCONNECTION mall
park
SITE Level of urbanization
mall
SITE
hign
snack vending deli hedge
vegetable vending vegetable
low vegetable vending 5000
500
4500
450
4000
400
3500
350
3000
1980
1985
1990
1995
total farmland area
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
300
53,000
hedge
Stalls
Farmers Lost Their Farmland
Urban village Abandoned factory
31%
Railway Viaduct
Main vending street Community roads
Green barrier
park
Reduction In Farmland Area SITE
farmland area per capita
PROBLEMS OF URBAN RESETTLEMENT FOR LANDLESS FARMERS LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE
LOW EDUCATION LEVEL
46%
35%
13%
6%
primary school
junior school
senior school
college
83%
move to urban area
CROWDED COMMUNITY
OLD HOUSES
LOW INCOME
COLD BUSINESS
VIADUCT BARRIER
RAILWAY
NARROW SPACING
DETACHED FAÇADE
DIRTY STREETS
UNEMPLOYMENT
INCONVENIENT CROSSING
CANNOT CROSS
POOR CITY APPEARANCE
EXPOSED PIPES
OCCUPY SIDEWALK
LOW ELASTICITY move to urban area move to rural area
AGEING POPULATION
46%
Middle-aged and elderly
Under 20 years old 21-40 years old 41-60 years old Over 60 years old
In 1998, the urban expansion of Chengdu accelerated and the construction of the city's Third Ring Road began, incorporating the surrounding countryside
LOW-INCOME
27%
40%
21%
12%
Unemployment
Hawkers
Shopkeeper
Workers
114
villagers were given urban residences and moved into the informal settlement of Negoiyan.
Agricultural Land to Urban Building Land
PROBLEMS Rural house demolished, we can't afford to resettle in the city
Rural people are not welleducatedandfindit in difculttondwork urban areas.
Rural neighbours are separated, making it hard to integrate into urban social life
Urban Relocation Community River Road Urban Ring Road
In 2008, the construction of the Neguoyan informal settlement was completed. Most of the In the Chinese New Year of 2020, Chengdu was hit by the covid-19 outbreak and the commuvillagersearntheirlivingbyrunningbusinessesintheshopsonthegroundfloor, nity or of Neigoyan bybuying was quarantined for 14 days. vegetables from stalls
62%
of residents have a retail business or operate a mobile stall in thegroundfloorshopsintherehousingcommunity
COVID-19
Due to the large population of the community and lack of community management, 40% of residents reported experiencing interruptions in food supplies during quarantine
LINPAN PROTOTYPE EVOLUTION
MASTER PLAN OF SELF-SUSTAINING COMMUNITY
PLAN GENERATION
N
APPLICATION TO SITE 0
5
6
EXTRACT LINPAN PROTOTYPE
CLASSIFY LANDUSE
· Comfortable housing · Self-sufficientfarmland · Transportation axis
BREAK BORDERS
· Internal residential land · External plantation land
· Viaduct boundary · Railway boundary
CREATE CONNECTION
STEP 2: ORGANISING OF COMMUNITY
· Affordable housing · Housing ground
· Transport corridors · Highline corridors
STEP 3: CREATION OF PUBLIC SPACES
1
2
2
3
· Transportation axis
· Self-sufficientfarmland
100m
3
DESIGN STRATEGY · Comfortable housing
50
SET HOUSING
4
STEP 1:FORMATION OF NEIGHBOURHOOD UNITS
25
13
1
10
12 5
2 7
3
9 8
13 11
13
Occupation Ratio
Occupation Ratio
Occupation Ratio
8 neighbourhood units 52% of the total land
8 farm plots 35% of the total land
2 highline corridor 1 community center 13% of the total land
1
7
1
8 2
2 1
ELEMENT 1 Housing
ELEMENT 2 Vegetable growing plot
ELEMENT 1 Street
ELEMENT 2 Fruit growing plot
ELEMENT 1 Networking platform
ELEMENT 2 Selling module
3
3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
house vegetable growing plot resident farmland trees resident road canal community center high line corridor 1F high line corridor 2F
10 ornamental growing module 11 vending module ELEMENT 3 Vertical growing plot
ELEMENT 4 Vegetable growing plot
ELEMENT 3 Farm growing plot
ELEMENT 4 Canal
ELEMENT 3 Community center
ELEMENT 4 Ornamental growing module
12 railway 13 external green space
FOOD AND INCOME SOURCES FOR LANDLESS FARMERS IN LINPAN COMMUNITY
HOUSING AND PLANTING SYSTEM HELP RESIDENTS BECOME SELF-SUSTAINING HOUSING TYPE Creating social spaces and shared yard
HOUSING TYPE WITH CROP PLANTING PLOTS
Creatingcomfortablelivingspaceswithself-sufficientplantingplots
DAILY STATUS
OUTBREAK ISOLATION STATUS Community C ommunity Supply
Neighbourhood N eighbourhood Plot Community C ommunity Plot
Traditional Linpan’s Housing
101T/PA
Current Urban Village’s Housing
fruit yield
Commercial C ommercial Plot
60T/PA
crop yield
800PA
80%
centralized control
vegetable yield
neighbourhood sharing
50000PA
fNeighbourhood interaction
Private Supply
fruit supply
increasing income
fruit cultivation
crop cultivation
number of families supplied
crop supply
300
4000PA
Neighbourhood N eighbourhood Supply
85%
Increasing employment
increasing income
increasing income
number of families supplied
30T/A
number of families supplied
vegetable cultivation
farming experience
100%
commercial service
vegetable cultivation vegetable supply
Shard yard Trafficspace Social space New Housing A
New Housing B
FARM PLANTING PLOTS AND VERTICAL PLANTING PLOTS SYSTEMS
VARIOUS PLANTING PLOT PLANT RATIOS CROPS
60%
Staple food supply
8 PLOTS FARM PLOT rice
oilseed rape
wheat
sugar cane
15%
FRUITS AND TREES
Fruit supply and maintaining the neighbourhood environment
120 PLOTS NEIGHBOURHOOD PLOT
Canals strawberry
VERTICAL PLANTING POOL SYSTEMS
gardenia
hellebore
heather
rhododendron
citrus
loquat
elm
ginkgo
camphor
Greenvegetablesupplyandtrafficking
potato
taro
4HA
Neighbourhood communal vegetable garden
25%
VEGETABLES
sweet potato
Community managed farms
18HA
cabbage chinese cabbage
lettuce
carrot
radish
tomato
cucumber
eggplant
870 PLOTS VERTICAL PLOT
1.7HA
Commercial module Private module
Tomato Growing System Cabbage Growing System
Rice
Oilseed rape
Glazing System
Structure&Floors
Growing System
Vertical Harvest
Transport System
Vertical Planting System
02
THREE LINKS Urban design for old community
Older Residential Area & Super High-rise Flat
LINK
OBSTACLE
LINK
SITE: AREA: DATE: TYPE: INSTRUCTOR:
Chengdu, Sichuan, China 42HA 09/2020-11/2020, Spring Term 2020-2021 Academic Individual Work Bo Zhou(zxt001@163.com)
LINK INTRODUCTION: Jinjiang District is the most central district in Chengdu, with a developed business and cultural facilities, but a large number of older neighbourhoods of different ages, lacking public space and connections to the busy urban space outside The focus of the project is to create connections between the isolated old neighbourhoods and the external urban space. The design creates three different axes of activity for the old neighbourhoods, with different functions of cultural exhibition, commercial vending and community activities, connecting them to the two main external urban development axes.
FORGOTTEN OLD COMMUNITY IN JINJIANG DISTRICT, CHENGDU IN THE 19TH CENTURY: THE CORE OF CENTURY URBANISATION
DESIGN STRATEGY
ENCLOSED COMMUNITY WITH A BUSTLING SURROUNDING COMMERCIAL AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT
1.REGIONAL PROPOSAL CURRENT URBAN AXIS
DIAGRAM OF THREE LINKS CONNECTION TO AXIS
FUNCTIONAL DIFFERENTIATION
Mall community center 2
Plot Size: 45000m
living
Curret FAR: 3.5
Number Of Residents:700 Floor Area:28000m2
?
Mall
commercial
mall
Plot Size 5000m2
School
urbanised areas
culture
museum
Mall
Curret FAR: 2.6
Jinjiang District of chengdu Mall
IN THE 20TH CENTURY: THE FRINGES OF URBAN PLANNING
Number Of Residents:200 Floor Area:3500m2
Planned FAR:5
2.SITE STRATEGY LAND ASSESSMENT
ROAD LIFTING
STRUCTURE &LANDUSE
Plot Size: 35190m2
Curret FAR: 2.6
Number Of Residents:500 Floor Area:24000m2
Plot Size 20000m2
School
Curret FAR: 3
Number Of Residents 240 Floor Area 5000m2
OBSTACLE Plot Size 125000m2
Curret FAR: 1.2
3.OPERATION
Number Of Residents:420 Existing Floor Area:3600m2
Planned FAR:1.5
ARMANI APARTMENTS
AGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDENTS
olderly middle age youngster 0 10
olderly middle age youngster
20 30 40 50 60 (%)
tea drinking
olderly middle age youngster 0 10 20 30 40 (%)
0 10
20 30 40 50 (%)
TYPE OF ACTIVITY grocery shopping
TYPE OF ACTIVITY reading
playing mahjong
fitness
watchthefilm
grocery shopping
eating out
shopping
AREA OF ACTIVITY Lotus Block, Jinjiang District
2010S COMMUNITY AGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDENTS
street
AREA OF ACTIVITY street corner
VACANT SITES
REUSE
AGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDENTS
TYPE OF ACTIVITY
Site
2000S COMMUNITY
DEMOLITION AND REPOSITIONING
1900S COMMUNITY
PUBLICIZATION OF PRIVATE SPACES
Museum
RESIDENTS WITH HIGH ACTIVITY NEEDS IN A LIMITED PUBLIC SPACE
OLDER NEIGHBOURHOODS
AREA OF ACTIVITY street corner
EXHIBITION CENTRE
COMMERCIAL CORRIDORS
CORNER GARDENS
THREE LINKS
PROGRAMS ALONG EACH LINK CULTURAL LINK
BUILDING TYPOLOGY
MASTER PLAN
COMMERCIAL LINK
1 SHARED OFFICE
AFUNCTION RATIO
N
Business Hotel Commeicial Open space
14
14
0 25
50
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 (%)
200m
SharedOffice
Sales Units
Wangjiang Wharf Memorial Museum
Cultural Square
Armani Area Activity Center
SharedOffice
Corner Park Cultural Pier
5 Commercial corridor
Corner Park
14
High Line Exhibition Hall Armani Area Activity Center
Entrance Plaza
2 OPEN PLAN CENTRALIZED FLAT
13
STAFF
VISITOR
AFUNCTION RATIO
3
Residence Commeicial Community Services
13
Underground museum Stations
tower1
tower2
mall
COMMERCIAL AND COMMUNITY LINK
Open space 0 10
20
30
40 50 (%)
Underground museum Stations
comminity center
COMMUNIYT LINK
tower2
mall
comminity center
Community Activity Corridor
Sports activities square Community Cultural Center
2
tower1
Community Corner Park
2
Open Plan Centralized Flats
1
6
Seniors Activity Center
Community Cultural Center
1
3 COMMUNITY CULTURAL CENTER Open Plan Centralized Flats
AFUNCTION RATIO Community Services Culture Open space
7 11
Open Plan Centralized Flats Corner Park
Commercial corridor
0 10 12
9 10
8 4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
SharedOffice Open Plan Centralized Flats
20
30
40 50 (%)
Corner Park
8 Entrance Plaza 9 High Line Exhibition Hall
Community Cultural Center
10
Chengdu Natural History Museum Seniors Activity Center
11
Commercial corridor 12 Cultural Square
Wangjiang Wharf Memorial Museum
13
Community Activity Corridor
Armani Area Activity Center
14
Community Corner Park
Cultural Pier
LOCAL FAMILY
LOCAL ELDLY Underground museum Stations
tower1
tower2
mall
comminity center
Underground museum Stations
tower1
tower2
mall
comminity center
03
PREVENTION FOR CLIMATE CHANGE Urban Master Planning For Sea Level Rise
Past Industrially Developed Area& Future Sea-Flooded Area
CLIMATE CHANGE CRISIS
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY
SITE: AREA: DATE: TYPE: INSTRUCTOR: TEAM MEMBER: CONTRIBUTION:
Fishermans Bend,Victoria, Australia 328HA
05/2021-07/2021, Spring Term 2020-2021
Academic Team Work Kexin Ni(nicolandscape@126.com) Xinyu Lin,Chengli Wang Site Analysis, Strategies, Plan, Modelling,Renderings,Sections
INTRODUCTION: Fishermans bend, Australia, is close to Melbourne's central city and is a priority area for Melbourne's future plans, however due to its low altitude, Fishermans bend is at risk of sea level rise over the next 100 years. The aim of this project is to assist in the master planning and design of the transitioning the area to meet the requirements of the transitioning industry and to protect it from future disasters. On the one hand, I simulated the inundation of Fisherman Bay in the next century through software and evaluated the land use in the Retreat Area, Control Area, and Prevention Area. On the other hand, eco-friendly dikes were adopted in the Retreat Area by tapping into the twofold value of oyster reefs in alleviating storm tides and promoting mariculture.
SEA LEVEL RISE FUTURE CRISIS IN 2100
ECONOMY LOSE AND ECOLOGICAL RETREAT INUNDATION PROCESS
LOCATION Fishermans Bend is Australia's largest 'Mature Communities Upgrade' project, covering approximately 480 hectares in the heart of Melbourne. Fishermans Bend encompasses five districts in two cities - Melbourne City and Port Phillip City and connects Melbourne's CBD to the bay.
2025 INUNDATION ZONE City Centre
Australia
2100 INUNDATION ZONE
Melbourne
THE CONTINUING INFLUENCE OF SEA LEVEL RISE
storm surge
0.6HA wetland will retreat 6% factories will be flooded
SITE
2021 sea level SEDIMENT ACCUMULATION
N
2050 sea level WETLAND DESTRUCTION CORROSION OF THE BUILDING
storm surge
0 0.25 0.5
1
2050 INUNDATION ZONE
2km
N
2025 inundation zone storm surge
4.2HA wetland will retreat 24% factories will be flooded
2050 inundation zone
2100 sea level
URBAN FLOODING
2075 inundation zone Green space
Inundation zone
2075 INUNDATION ZONE
Green land Inundated buildings
Hard surfacing
Surviving building
Site
Hard surfacing Main roads Secondary roads
FROM INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT TO CRISIS OF INUNDATION nowadays
1930
original
Industrial development became more prosperous in the early 20th century with the introduction of rail links to the region
The Industrial centre of Akhin was built
The site is a habitat for plants and animals that provides important resources for indigenous people
1830
1959
Tertiary roads
10.3HA wetland will retreat 54% factories will be flooded
future If no corresponding measures are taken, entire cities will be submerged by rising sea levels
Contour line 0
LOSS STATISTICS 3.93ft
Industrial development has turned 85% of the city's pavement into cement, making it impossible for the ground to drain against rising sea levels.
Webb Quay was opened
3.93 FT IN 2100
2.57 1.93
SEA-LEVEL RISE
1.29 0.65ft
by Chengli Wang, Xinyu Lin
2025
2040
2055
2070
2085
2100
0.25
FACTORIES WILL BE FLOODED
3.21
The railway was introduced
78.4 %
0.1
2574
people out of work
0.5
1km
Design site
16.6HA
WETLAND WILL RETREAT
133 HA land at risk
53%
Data sources :“GHD Baseline Drainage Plan Report”、 “Fishermans Bend Economic and Employment Study, 2016” by Xinyu Lin
LOW SEA LEVEL(1M)
NORMAL SEA LEVEL(1.2M)
DESIGN FRAMEWORK
FLOOD STAGE(1.4M)
AREA
SUBMERGED ZONES
Completely submerged
Partially submerged
Bay
Shoreline
GOAL
EMERGENCY
Storm Surge
Sea Level Rise
DISTRICTS
STRATEGY
RETREAT DISTRICT
ECOLOGICAL DIKE
CONTROL DISTRICT
HARD DIKE
Weaken Waves
Habitat Destruction
Control Water Invasion
PREVENTION DISTRICT Not submerged
STRATEGY
MASTER PLAN
ECOLOGICAL DIKE
N 0
0.1
0.25
0.5
City
Sea Level Rise
OPERATION
Economic benefits
Rain Flood
LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT
Ecological restoration
Disaster resilience
Prevent Water logging
Oyster attachment
Oyster farming boxes
Oyster farming observatory
Ecological walkway
Wave resistance
Observation Deck
Salt-water wetland
Urban walkway
Leisure Function
Material Corrosion Resistance
Resilient Response: Not Overwhelmed
Resilient Response: Overwhelmed
Pervious Surface
Rainwater Garden
Bioswale & Detention Basin
Underground Detention&Ecological Grass Trench
1KM
2 2 5 3 4
2
5
1
HARD DIKE & BUILDING LIFTING 9
8 1 7
5 6
5
10
LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT
3
1
1
Hard dike
6
Viewing Platform
2
Ecological dike
7
Blue detention pond
3 Ecological Trail
8
Green detention pond
4
Industrial Site Node
9
Building Overhead
5
Wetland Habitat
10
Ecological Grass Trench by Xinyu Lin
by Xinyu Lin
DESIGN IMPACT TO ECONOMY AND ECOLOGY PHASE 1: RECREATE (2020-2050)
THE ECONOMIC AND ECOLOGICAL BENEFITS OF OYSTERS PHASE 2: CONTROL (2050-2075)
PHASE 3: PREVENTION (2075-2100)
OYSTERS INCREASE ECONOMIC INCOME PRINCIPLE
OYSTERS WEAKEN STORM SURGES
CREATE OYSTER-CENTRED ECOLOGY PRINCIPLE
PRINCIPLE
NO3- NH4- PON
Decreased Impermeable Area Spat Oyster seedling
Attachedtoshellfi Hanging sh the breeding net
Oyster farming
OYSTER FARMING Farming installations
area of detention pond*depth of detention pond +area inundated x height of sea level rise
area of detention pond*depth of detention pond +area inundated x height of sea level rise
Oyster
Attach to a bio-friendly dike
Oyster reefs weaken storm surges
Bio-sediments
Plankton aggregations
Aquatic environment
Wetland ecology
ECOSYSTEM
OYSTER REEF WEAKEN WAVES Viewing ports
Dacelo Leachii
area of detention pond*depth of detention pond +area inundated x height of sea level rise
Original silt accumulation
Hard dike construction
Oyster
Glossogobius Wallabia Biolor
Oyster breeding beds Neosilurus Ater
Demansia Vestigiata
Eurostopodus Argus
Oyster-attached dike cause wave to crest and fall
Green Space
Subtidal reef dissipates energy of wave
Chelonia mydas
Pimelea Ferruginea
Touring walks
Leucophyta Brownii
Oyster reefs weaken storm surges
Araucaria Heterophylla
Carpobrotus Rossii
OYSTER LOCATION N
Annual ’bnmnlhbAdmdsr
0
Rate of economic decline* (2050-2020)
number of households* average number of employed persons in households by Xinyu Lin
0.25
0.5
1KM
npmmrncpfcarBpcmdmwTrcpdBpkgleBpcB
npmmrncpfcarBpcmdmwTrcpdBpkgleBpcB
number of households* average number of employed persons in households
0.1
number of households* average number of employed persons in households
Data sources :“GHD Baseline Drainage Plan Report”
“ Fishermans Bend Economic and Employment Study, 2016”
by Xinyu Lin
OYSTER FARMING ISLAND
LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT AND SURFACE RUNOFF CONTROL PHASE 3: PREVENTION (2075-2100)
PHASE 1: RECREATE (2020-2050)
DECREASED IMPERMEABLE AREA RUNOFF VOLUME CAPTURE ANNUAL ECONOMIC INCOME
45%
-112HA
Oyster farming boxes
-
Industrial site DECREASED IMPERMEABLE AREA
43020M³
RUNOFF VOLUME CAPTURE
-$14142
Oyster farming boxes
Eco-dike
+ 86 HA
ANNUAL ECONOMIC INCOME
90%
-225HA
143400M³ $419901
Retreat Area Control Area
OYSTER FARMING AREA
Prevention Area
Oyster farming boat Oyster farmers
Oyster Reef Ecological Trail
2803 M³
Urban Trail
6221 M³
- 90 %
VOLUME CAPTURE Building Overhead
DECREASED IMPERMEABLE AREA
Detention Pond
RUNOFF CONTROL
Rainwater Garden
Permeable Ground
Ecological Grass Trench
Oyster Reef
WETLAND SCENES PHASE 2: CONTROL (2050-2075) DECREASED IMPERMEABLE AREA RUNOFF VOLUME CAPTURE ANNUAL ECONOMIC INCOME
73%
-164HA
100389M³ -$280854
Plant pond Hard dike
Oyster Reef
Eco-trail
+ 124 HA
Saltwater wetland
Ecological Dike
Hydroxyapatite by Xinyu Lin
Secondary Drainage Network
Secondary Drainage Network
WETLAND AREA
Eco Concrete
Wetland
Waterfront Park
Porous Asphalt
Primary Road
Open-graded Aggregate Undisturbed Choker Course Base Soil
Building Lifting
Fluorocarbon Chlorinated Perchloroethylene Paint Rubber Paint
Green Detention Pond
Concrete Paver
Permeable Joint Material
Aggregate Undisturbed Base Soil
Blue Detention Pond
Porous Asphalt
Secondary Road
Primary Drainage Network
Blue Detention Pond
Open-graded Aggregate Undisturbed Choker Course Base Soil by Xinyu Lin
04
SCAR
Memorial landscape design
Abandoned Coal Mining Island & Forced Labour Factories SITE: AREA: DATE: TYPE: INSTRUCTOR: TEAM MEMBER: CONTRIBUTION:
GROUND PARADISE
UNDERGROUND HELL
Hashima Island, Japan 1700M2 09/2021-10/2021, Autumn Term 2021-2022 Academic Team Work Liang Zhou(zhouliang199001@outlook.com) Xinyu Lin, Jinxian Guan Site analysis, Historical Story Extraction, Master plan,Detail plans, Modelling, Rendering
INTRODUCTION: During World War II, more than 3,000 Korean people were taken by the Japanese army to Hashima island for forced coal digging, where intense work caused a very low survival rate of the miners. Now a popular tourist destination in Japan and a World Heritage Site as a remnant of Japan's Meiji-era industry, Hashima island has met with strong opposition from the Korean people who see Hashima island as a humiliating part of their history. The key issue in this design is how to bridge the gap between the two countries in the urban space ofHashimaislandandtoevokeareflectionofthewarandaconfrontationwithhistory. My proposal extracted the living conditions of the Japanese and South Koreans on Hashima Island during World War II and built two opposing storylines, which would be manifested through the different landforms and heights of the two different tourist routes, one on the ground and the other underground.Thedesignwasaimedtoinspirevisitorstoreflectonthewarandfaceuptothehistory.
JAPANESE AND KOREAN PEOPLE MOVE TO HASHIMA COAL MINE Japan
Keyushu
TWO LIFE STATES ON HASHIMA ISLAND
VACANT LAND OF THIS ISLAND
LOCATION AND COAL MINING DEVELOPMENT ROUTE
JAPANESE PARADISE
Nagasaki
600
Referrer
500 Mid-level labour
Manager Dependant-woman Civil Servant
Prostitutes
Dependant-kid 400
2hegt
Busan
Hashima Island is now a famous tourist attraction in Japan, and the former coal dredging area is now a deserted vacant lot when you get to the island from the pier.
High-level labour
RUINS OF THIS ISLAND
Low-level labour
Number of person/sq km in 1950s
Road
300
DURING WORLD WAR II ON HASHIMA ISLAND
200-400 Coal Distribution
Happy mood Easy management work
200
Over 700 400-700
SIte
Main City Coal Mine Functional Area
400000T/A COAL PRODUCTION 3677 POPULATION 1147 MINERS DIED BECAUSE OF FORCED LABOUR
Design Area
Maximum production
Tokyo
100
The original buildings in the open space have now been abandoned and turned into architectural ruins, where people visiting the island can learn about the past of Hashima Island.
Modern concrete island
Paradise in the lie The Japanese company Mitsubishi cajoled unemployed people into coming to the Hashima coal mine by deceiving them about the easy and lucrative jobs available on the island.
1890
1895
Japanese staff work in an open and bright environment in a ground-level work area, where their main task is to supervise low-level miners.
In the 1930s, Hashima Island had a wide range of educational, medical, commercial and entertainment facilities, and the Showa Hall, a cinema, showed more than 30 films a month, giving Japanese employees a rich entertainment life.
End of paradise
The population of Hashima After the outbreak of island was decimated by World War II, because the return of Koreans and of the abundant labour the departure of labourers. resources, Hashima island's coal production reached a peak of about 410,000 tons in 1941.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Mitsubishi began building reinforced concrete apartment buildings, and thefirstreinforcedconcretegrouphomeinJapan,-Build ing 30, was completed in Hashima.
1900
1905
1910
1915
1925
1920
1930
1935
1940
1945
KOREAN HELL 100
CONFLICTING VIEWS OF THE ISLAND DEVELOPMENT
Hashima island is a HERITAGE of Japan's Meiji industrial revolution!
1893
1897
1901
ND ISLA A M I ASH NT H E R CUR
90
80
70
SITE
N
NEWS
UNESCO ON HASHIMA ISLAND 23 -era industrial sites won the World Heritage
60
Hell in the true 1930
Hashima island is a STIGAMA that Korean people are forced to work!
50
by Xinyu Lin
Upon arrival at Hashima island, the Korean labourers found their actual work to be heavy and dangerous coal mining, with no possibility of reversal and no freedom.
Modern concrete prison The modern facilities made it easier for the officers to keep an eye on the Korean -labour ers, and it was even more difficult for the Korean labourers working on Hashima to es Dangerous coal mining work cape, the only transport link between Hashima and the outside world being by boat. Korean workers work in the mines for more than 12 hours a day in temperatures above 45°C, are vulnerable to gas explosions and landslides, and are highly monitored to prevent escapes.
Depressed mood Long-time miners on the island suffer from hunger and fatigue and long to return to their homeland.
Minimum Survival Rate
End of hell
The high intensity of the work have resulted in a very low At the end of World War II, the Koreans left Hashima island. survival rate for miners. by Xinyu Lin
STRATEGY
MASTER PLAN
1.Search for clues from the history event; 2.Abstract emotions from the strong conflicts between the Japanese and Koreans on the Hashima island; 3.Shape the monumental spaces.
Behavior Cheat
Force
Humiliation
Tortured
Suppress
Supervise
8
JAPANESE
Excited Joyful
Emotion Line Pleasure
7
Comfort
6
Proud
Surprised 4
5 2
Atfirsttheyare equal and stand on the the same horizon.
Then Japanese began to oppressed Koreans and their status is becoming unequal. Japanese stand higher than Koreans.
Japanese became more and more rampant, while the Koreans were oppressed to dig underground for coal and headed into the abyss.
The endless work and poor coal mining conditions made the Koreans feel desperate in the abyss.
Koreans began to wake up, hoping Finally, the Koreans resisted tond fi awaytofreedom.Japanese stubbornly and walked out of still higher than Koreans, but the gap the abyss. is becoming smaller.
2
3
SPACE
N 25m
0m 1
50m
Legend 1 Tourist Wharf
2 Touring Trails
4 Underground Memorial Trail 5 Slope 7 Seats
Emotion Line Longing
Awakening Surprise
Behavior Trust
Resignedly
Torment
Endure
Despair Obedience
CONCEPT GENERATION STEP1
An A4 size sheet of paper representing the site
STEP2
Fold the paper in half. The top half represents the Japanese and the bottom half represents the Koreans
STEP3
Fold along the midpoint of one short side and the other side, which represents the road of Korean.
STEP4
Turn the other half of the paper over the crease. The lower part represents the Korean, just like the scene of mining in the past.
Uprising Ground Trail(Japanese) Ground Trail(Japanese)
KOREAN
6 Export
8 Exit Garden by Xinyu Lin,Jinxian Guan
Anxiety Struggle
3 Entrance Garden
Und
ergr
oun
d Tr
ail(K orea
Und
erg
STEP5
Fold the upper paper in half along the midpoint of the short edge and the end point on the other side. The upper part of the folded surface represents the Japanese, which is flat and comfortable
Gro u
rou
nd
nd
Tra il
( Ko
rea
n)
Tra il(
Jap
ane
se)
Underground Trail(Korean)
n)
by Jinxian Guan, Xinyu Lin
by Jinxian Guan, Xinyu Lin
DETAIL PLANS
SECTIONS
1.Set two different gardens at the entrance and exit; 2.Create different mood atmospheres through the setting of different types of plants; 3.Use the suppressed atmosphere at the entrance to guide visitors to the comfortable atmosphere at the exit
GRADUALLY CHANGING PAVING UNITS
Groun d tour
PLAN SECTIONS
PLANT VIEWING SEASON
PLANTING PLOTS directi on
DEC
Grass Slit
Grass Tiles
1.2m
PLAN
Tree Pond
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
D
NOV
TOPOGRAPHIC SECTIONS
10
H=0.2m/contour line
9
10
8
E
7
Hinoki cypress Concrete
6
Pseudoacacia
5
OCT Lilium brownii
Festuca
Corten Steel
SEP
PLANTING DESIGN PLAN
PLAN SECTION A-A'
1 A B C
EXIT GARDEN
JUL
JUN
PLANTING PLOTS
SINGLE PAVING UNIT
3
2
±0.0m
AUG
MAY
4
E'
D'
-0.5m
PLAN SECTION B-B'
A' B' C' SECTION D-D' (1:80)
2'
1'
5'
4'
3'
6'
Grass Slit
3
APR
Corten Steel
MAR
Grass Tiles
6
1
3 5
Saccharum spontaneum Imperata cylindrical 'Rubra'
Concrete
PLANTING DESIGN PLAN
7
2
FEB
Festuca
8'
1
2
tion ur direc round to underg
7'
9'
10'
4
1
-1.5m
PLAN SECTION C-C'
3
1
Festuca
Imperata cylindrical 'Rubra'
Saccharum spontaneum
Lilium brownii
Pseudoacacia
SECTION E-E'(1:80) Hinoki cypress
ENTRANCE GARDEN
JAN
3
4
1
2
6
3
1 by Xinyu Lin
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
3
5
Legend: 1. Precast Concrete 2. Weathering Steel 3. Crushed Stone Level 4. Finished Drainage Ditch 5. Embedded Parts 6. Stepping 7. Soil
7
10 by Jinxian Guan
by Jinxian Guan, Xinyu Lin
HISTORICAL SCENES RECREATED
3D MODEL
GROUND TRAIL
A
B
SEATS EXIT GARDEN ENTRANCE GARDEN Maintaining the natural growth of plants on the shores of Hashima island.
A' Domestic tourists
B'
Foreign tourist
History Review
Understanding History
UNDERGROUND TRAIL
SLIT Narrow gaps in the underpass allow natural wind and rain to enter
A-A'
AN EXIT TO FREEDOM
B-B'
The underground path ends in a narrow - trian Ground visitor Surveillance
Survivors' descendant Escape from the underground
Underground visitor Being watched
Survivor Escape from the underground
by Xinyu Lin
by Jinxian Guan, Xinyu Lin