Mountain express eclipse

August 16, 2017

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Eclipse Viewing Master Map Essentials Tips Details on the BIG Event Page 4

How to watch the solar eclipse

Locations of events, services

Page 7

Page 16 Illustration by Kristen Kaiser

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The Valley’s independent, locally owned newspaper EXPRESS PUBLISHING, INC. P.O. Box 1013 591 First Ave. North Ketchum, ID 83340 www.mtexpress.com Publisher Pam Morris Editor Greg Foley Writers Mark Dee Tony Evans Peter Jensen Andy Kerstetter Greg Moore Joshua Murdock Kate Wutz Business Manager Connie Johnson Operations Director Allison Kindred Photographer Roland Lane Production Manager Tony Barriatua Art Director Kristen Kaiser Graphic Designers Kaley Belval Consulting Ad Manager John Ferry Advertising Trafficker Freda Avery Advertising Representatives Sara Adamiec Chris Mullen Jerry Seiffert New Business Development Specialist Irene Balarezo Circulation Manager Dana Black 4

The 2017 Idaho eclipse —an event of a lifetime A total solar eclipse is stunning, but what is it?

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By Joshua Murdock

n Monday, Aug. 21, the typically blistering midday sun in south-central Idaho will go dark for a moment, and a misplaced twilight will envelop the landscape.

The sun itself isn’t going dark, of course, but it will appear as such from the perspective of anyone in the path of totality of the solar eclipse that day. A solar eclipse occurs when the moon passes between the Earth and sun, casting a shadow onto the Earth’s surface. For viewers within that shadow, the result is an eclipse. Because the moon is significantly closer to the Earth than the sun, but also significantly smaller than the sun, much of the shadow cast onto the earth is the penumbra, or a partial blockage of the sun’s light. Viewers in the penumbra see a partial eclipse, which is when the moon appears to partially cover the sun. But in the umbra, the shadow cast from a complete blockage of sunlight, viewers see a total eclipse, in which the moon appears to completely cover the sun.

The path the umbra travels across the Earth’s surface is known as the “path of totality” because, in those areas, viewers witness the total phase of the eclipse. In

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the penumbra, the moon partially covers the sun progressively less the further a viewer is from the path of totality.

For a total eclipse to occur, the moon must be traveling the portion of its orbit that is closest to Earth, called the perigee, so that it appears large enough to cover the entire sun.

However, when the The center moon is in apogee, or further from of the path the Earth, durof totality ing an eclipse, it appears too small to travels directly cover the sun. The result is an annuover Redfish lar eclipse, wherein Lake, south of the moon appears perfectly centered Stanley. within the sun but the edges of the sun itself extend beyond the edges of the moon, forming a bright ring around it. A partial eclipse appears the same when the moon is in apogee, except the moon appears to be slightly smaller relative to the sun.

According to “The Great American Eclipse” website (www.greatamericaneclipse.com), which is maintained by GIS professional and eclipse expert Michael

On opposite page: The total solar eclipse will occur in the Ketchum-Sun Valley area at 11:29 a.m.

Monday, Aug. 21, and will last for about a minute.

Photo courtesy of NASA

“This eclipse in itself is not unique … but because it’s going coast to coast, it’s the bomb.”

–Todd Vorenkamp, B&H Photo senior creative writer

Zeiler and features detailed maps of the path of totality, Ketchum is barely within totality’s southern limit. In this area, the path of totality extends from Gilmet Road, south of Ketchum on state Highway 75, north to Challis. The path of totality travels from the northwest to the southeast, meaning that the path’s limits are farther south as it travels eastward. The center of the path of totality travels directly over Redfish Lake, south of Stanley, as well as near Rigby, Idaho, north of Idaho Falls and Jackson, Wyo.

Where will the eclipse travel?

According to B&H Photo Senior Creative Writer Todd Vorenkamp, an experienced solar photographer who has been preparing for this eclipse for more than a year, total solar eclipses occur somewhere on Earth roughly once every 1.5 years, but because most of the planet is covered by the oceans, few total eclipses are visible from land. Even more rare, he said, is when a total eclipse crosses across the width of a large, developed nation, such as the U.S. The last time a total solar eclipse traveled coast to coast in the U.S. was 1918. In 2024, a total solar eclipse will travel across the South, Midwest and Northeast.

The next coast-to-coast solar eclipse will occur in 2045.

This eclipse’s path of totality will begin in the North Pacific halfway between the U.S. and Japan, cross into the U.S. west of Salem, Ore., before crossing the heart of Oregon, Idaho, the northern Midwest and the Appalachian Mountains. It will then cross into the Atlantic Ocean between Charleston and Myrtle Beach, S.C., and end off of the western coast of the small African nation Guinea-Bissau.

“This eclipse in itself is not unique … but because it’s going coast to coast, it’s the bomb,” Vorenkamp said.

In Ketchum, the partial phase of the eclipse will begin at 10:12 a.m., and totality will begin at 11:29 a.m., lasting for roughly one minute before returning to

This map shows the path of the eclipse over Idaho on Monday, Aug. 21. Ketchum and Sun Valley are on the edge of the path of totality, where the eclipse will be total, not partial. Map courtesy of GreatAmericanEclipse.com

Eclipse websites These websites will provide more information the solar eclipse and events in the Blaine County area: • visitsunvalley.com/events/ 2017-total-solar-eclipse • www.ketchumsunvalleyeclipse2017.com • www.eclipse2017.org • eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse.html • www.greatamericaneclipse.com

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When a solar eclipse occurs, viewers in the umbra shadow cast by the moon experience a total solar eclipse, while viewers in the penumbra shadow experience a partial solar eclipse. Express graphic by Kaley Belval

“Eclipse” continued from Page 5

the ending partial phase. The ending partial phase will end at 12:53 p.m. At Redfish Lake, the total phase will last roughly two minutes and 45 seconds, beginning at roughly the same time as in Ketchum. At that time, the sun will be about 48 degrees above the horizon, or slightly more than halfway up from the horizon to straight overhead, at an azimuth of roughly 129 degrees, or southeast.

Viewers in Hailey and Bellevue will experience a 99 percent partial eclipse, and viewers in Shoshone will experience a 98 percent partial eclipse. Viewers as far south as San Francisco and Las Vegas will experience a morethan-70-percent partial eclipse. But viewers outside of the path of totality will not experience totality or the accompanying darkness— even at 99 percent, a sliver of the sun will shine to Earth from behind the moon.

How many people will see it?

Vorenkamp estimated that more than 20 million people will travel to the path of totality, and millions more live within it. He said he believes this eclipse will be the most-photographed event in world history. Alex Young, NASA’s education and outreach coordinator, estimated that 100 million people live within 6

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a day’s drive of the path of totality, but, “we’re really in uncharted territory trying to estimate how many people are going to try to watch this event,” he said in an interview for The New York Times.

Zeiler’s estimate was more conservative, predicting that 7.4 million people will travel to the eclipse. According to Zeiler, 12.25 million live within the path of totality. By his estimation, Idaho could have nearly 400,000 visitors, and Idaho is the closest eclipse viewing location for 38.5 million Americans, including all of Idaho, Nevada and Utah, as well as most of Arizona, Southern California and western Montana.

Crowds in Blaine County

Blaine County Disaster Services Coordinator Chris Corwin estimated that as many as 50,000 people could visit Blaine County alone, but, “It’s kind of like the [spring 2017] flood, you don’t know until it happens.”

Corwin said that officials from all of the county’s law-enforcement agencies, fire departments and emergency medical service agencies are coordinating with officials from the U.S. Forest Service, Idaho State Police, Idaho Transportation Department and Custer County at “countless meetings and planning sessions.”

Traffic congestion is his main concern, he said, because of potential road rage, backups

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Blaine County Disaster Services Coordinator Chris Corwin estimated that as many as 50,000 people could visit Blaine County alone. blocking emergency vehicles and sheer volume overloading infrastructure.

“We’re a one-road-in, one-road-out county from the north and south,” Corwin said, noting that not only will people travel to Blaine County to view the eclipse, but many others will travel through Blaine County to view the eclipse in Custer County, where Stanley and Redfish Lake are located.

Also on his list of concerns are wildfires from unattended campfires or hot vehicles parked in tall grass, high call volume overloading first responders, and backcountry rescues of unprepared eclipse viewers who venture into the backcountry or to high elevations beyond their skill level, gear and preparation.

Corwin advised Blaine County residents to purchase gas, food and other essential supplies in advance. (See TIPS on Page 30.)

“Come Monday morning, who knows if there’s going to be any gas left.” Corwin said.

themselves are intact.

“Kids who got handed them at school several months ago, parents should make sure they are not scratched.”

The sky is safe to look at during complete totality, according to NASA’s eclipse website, eclipse2017.nasa.gov. However, as the moments of totality will be surrounded by between two or three hours of dimness, NASA’s site warns viewers not to get complacent just because the skies are How to safely view darker than normal. the solar eclipse “A total solar eclipse is about as bright as the full moon—and just as safe to look at,” the webBy Kate Wutz site states. “But the sun at any other time is dangerously bright.” ens of thousands of people in the Wood This includes the “Baily’s Beads” and “DiaRiver Valley are expected to look directly mond Ring” stages of the eclipse, in which bright into the sun on Monday, Aug. 21, in hopes spots of light will be visible as the moon begins to of seeing the once-in-a-lifetime total solar cover the sun. Robertson warns that these stages eclipse. While no one wants to miss it, experts can be damaging to view, even with say viewers must take precautions to avoid eye sunglasses. damage.

Viewers should resist Where to Dr. Deb Robertson, medical directhe urge to enhance tor of the Emergency Department at their vision, Robpurchase eclipse St. Luke’s Wood River hospital, said ertson added. glasses the main injury most people can “You should Glasses can be purchased at Atkinsons’ sustain while viewing the eclipse definitely Markets, L.L. Green’s, Iconoclast, The Toy Store, is a solar retinopathy. Retinopnot be lookBackwoods, the Hailey Welcome Center and athy, or a retinal burn, occurs ing through online at the Idaho Conservation League’s website, when the retina, a screen at the idahoconservation.org/ways-to-give/icl-store/, a camera lens among other places. The Blaine County School back of the eye made up of tiny or binocular District is also distributing 5,000 free pairs of rods and cones, is damaged by lens, because eclipse glasses to Blaine County children. concentrated light. that really conGlasses can be picked up at the Wood “If intense sunlight gets focused River YMCA, through the Blaine County centrates the light Hunger Coalition and at the Blaine on that retina, or screen, it can into your eye.”

County Recreation District. injure those cones and rods very simiThe concentrated larly to a burn,” Robertson said. light through a camera or The damage can be temporary, lasting a few binocular lens can even damage mnths, or it can be permanent. solar glasses, NASA’s website states, causing injury.

Robertson said the safest and most common way Oddly, solar retinopathy isn’t painful. Robertson to view the eclipse is through special eclipse glasses said typical symptoms begin several hours after the being sold online and across the valley. burn occurs and include distorted or blurry vision, “There’s going to be a lot of appropriate filtered flashing lights, blind spots or a headache. If viewlenses, disposable glasses ers have experienced any of these symptoms after floating around the valviewing the eclipse, Robertson urges them to visit said. ley,” she sa a local optometrist.

Robertson noted “Luckily, we have numerous eye professionals in that people with the valley,” she said. these glasses Treatment involves drops for swelling and should check to assessment of the damage. make sure the One last warning—Robertson noted there is a frames are correlation between solar retinopathy and what she emblazoned termed “mind-altering substances,” such as alcohol. with an ISO “You might do inappropriate things under the number and influence of these substances,” she said. “That’s going that the lenses to potentially make you more likely to look at the sun.”

Eyes on the skies

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Outdoor enthusiast Greg Miller tests a pair of eclipse-viewing glasses provided by Backwoods Mountain Sports in Ketchum. Express photo by Roland Lane

Hospital warns heat, hydration are main concerns St. Luke’s offers safety strategies

By Mark Dee

S

t. Luke’s Wood River hospital is ramping up to treat some of the thousands of visitors coming through the Wood River Valley for the eclipse. But some simple prevention might be enough to keep you happy, healthy and out of its waiting room during the event.

Here are a few things the hospital suggests: • Drink water, even when you aren’t thirsty. Thirst is a sign that your body is heading toward dehydration. Remember, children and pets need water, too.

• Never leave children, elderly people or pets in the car unattended.

• Pack for every season. Weather in the mountains changes fast. Wear light, loose-fitting clothing for the heat of the day, but bring a jacket and extra warm clothing to prepare for sudden storms and cold nights.

• While you’re at it, bring plenty of sunscreen. St. Luke’s recommends using SPF 30 or higher with broadspectrum UVA/UVB protection.

• Carry a first-aid kit. Help may be far away, so be prepared to address smaller problems on your own.

• Stay found. If you’re lost, try to retrace your steps, rather than push ahead. If you can’t, stay put and make yourself visible.

In the run-up to the main event, St. Luke’s will offer additional urgent care hours in its Physician Office Annex from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. on Saturday, Aug. 19, and Sunday, Aug. 20.

The Hailey Clinic will also be open on Saturday from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m. For appointments, call (208) 788-3434.

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Capturing the rare moment Tips on photographing the solar eclipse

By Joshua Murdock

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hen the “Great American Eclipse” sweeps across the nation on Aug. 21, carrying with it a rolling path of darkness from the Pacific Northwest to the Southeast, tens of millions of Americans who live in the path, and an estimated 20 million who will travel to it, will watch with awe as the sky darkens and day turns to night for a few minutes.

But with the total phase of the eclipse lasting between 90 seconds and 2.5 minutes, many people will want to photograph the eclipse to permanently capture the once-in-a-lifetime event.

However, photographing a solar eclipse is not as simple as just turning on a camera, pointing it at the sun and snapping away.

Proper, safe solar photography requires preparation and, depending on the photo one seeks, special equipment. But any camera can be used to capture the event.

“This is probably going to be the most photographed event of the year, if not all time,” said B&H Photo Senior Creative Joshua Murdock looks through the Writer Todd Vorenkamp, who viewfinder of a camera mounted on a has photographed the sun since motorized star tracker atop a tripod as it 2003 and has been preparing for photographs the sun in Sun Valley. The this eclipse for more than a year. star tracker slowly rotates the camera to keep it aimed at the sun. Express photo Vorenkamp said that anyby Roland Lane thing from a smartphone to an ultra-expensive, specialized photography setup can capture eclipse photos, but that differences in equipment may determine the kinds of photos one makes. With a smartphone, a point-and-shoot camera or a camera with a wide-angle lens, he said, one can make landscape photos in which the eclipsed sun appears in the sky above earthly terrain. Using a DSLR equipped with a telephoto lens, typically 300mm or greater, one can photograph the eclipse up close, with the sun appearing large in the frame.

“This is probably going to be the most photographed event of the year, if not all time.”

–Todd Vorenkamp, B&H Photo senior creative writer

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Regardless of equipment, Vorenkamp said, it is imperative to use a solar filter to reduce the amount of sunlight entering a camera. Because the sun is so powerfully bright, he said, not only could the unfiltered sun potentially damage a camera’s internal components, Using a 17-stop neutral-density filter but looking at the sun through designed for solar photography, the sun a camera’s viewfinder could appears as a white disc in a black sky cause irreparable eye damage. during the day when photographed using a telephoto lens. Photo by Joshua Murdock Solar filters range from $17 cardboard-framed models to thread-on filters that cost hunIt is imperative dreds of dollars. Alternatively, Vorenkamp said, No. 14 weldto use a solar ing glass is also a suitable filfilter to reduce ter, but he recommended buying a purpose-built filter to the amount of ensure the safety of eyes and sunlight entering equipment.

To capture a landscape a camera. photo, Vorenkamp said, days before the event, one should travel to the location from which he or she will photograph the eclipse to make test photographs at the same time of day that the eclipse will occur. That will ensure that the sun’s position in relation to the landscape is no surprise, he said.

In the north end of the Wood River Valley and in the Stanley Basin, the eclipse’s total phase will begin around 11:28 a.m. and last for 60-130 seconds, depending on location. At that time, the sun will be about 48 degrees above the horizon, or slightly more than halfway up from the horizon to straight overhead, at an azimuth of roughly 129 degrees, or southeast.

To photograph the eclipse up close with a telephoto lens, the process becomes more complicated. In his articles about eclipse photography on B&H Photo’s blog, Vorenkamp wrote that it’s best to mount a camera to a tripod to avoid holding a heavy DSLR and telephoto lens directed skyward for the duration of the eclipse. During the partial phases of the eclipse, a solar filter must be used, because the sun is still as bright as when it’s uncovered, he wrote, but once the total phase begins, the filter comes off. During totality, making photographs with shutter speeds ranging from 1/4,000 second to 1/30 second will reveal the varying brightness of the sun’s corona—arcs of light radiating from behind the moon—but be sure to mount the filter on the camera before totality ends. Exposure during the partial phases will vary based on aperture and ISO, or digital sensor sensitivity.

To improve telephoto eclipse photographs, Vorenkamp said, one can use a motorized star tracker to slowly rotate a camera, maintaining its aim toward the sun. The tracker mounts atop a tripod and the camera mounts to the tracker, he said, eliminating the need for hand-holding a camera and ensuring that each photo has the same composition.

This technique also makes it easier to stack corona photos of varying exposure times atop each other in post-processing, which results in a composite photo of the full corona.

But Vorenkamp’s techniques also carry a warning: “Make sure you enjoy the eclipse rather than wrestling with your gear through the event. It’s not like you get a do-over anytime soon.”

Practice, practice, practice, he advised, but do not place priority on making photographs at the expense of viewing the eclipse.

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ith the Wood River Valley squarely in its crosshairs, anyone standing outdoors should have a good look at the total solar eclipse on Monday, Aug. 21. But a bit of forethought will go a long way to help one manage the crowds—and maximize

the views.

“Plan ahead, because a two- or three-hour outing can turn into a long day,” said Will Fruehling, chief deputy of the Blaine County Sheriff’s Office. “Figure out how you’ll get where you’re going, how you’ll get back—and be patient.”

Fortunately, visitors and locals alike will have plenty of options.

The southern boundary of totality—where the moon completely blocks the sun—is projected to cross state Highway 75 right around Gimlet Road, south of Ketchum. That means residents of Carey, Bellevue and Hailey will need to make a trip north to experience the total eclipse, which should last just over a minute on the edge of its range. Want to maximize that time? The center of the eclipse’s path will pass over the area around Redfish Lake, south of Stanley, where it will last more than two minutes.

All reservable campsites inside the path are booked, but the U.S. Forest Service will set up eight free viewing areas from north of Sun Valley to north of Stanley (see the master map on Page 16). Parking along roadsides and in turnouts will be prohibited, making these prescribed areas the surest bet for leaving your vehicle.

“In other places where this has occurred, they’ve treated it like a fiveday event,” said Julie Thomas, spokeswoman for the Sawtooth National Forest. “You need to get there early and get a place to park.”

To be safe, Thomas recommends setting up on Thursday or Friday beforehand.

The larger sites can accommodate roughly 200 cars.

Those are located off state

Don’t count on cell phones

C A L E N DA R O F E V E N T S

Meanwhile, Ketchum and Sun Valley have plenty to offer those looking to stay closer to town.

Though lift tickets for eclipse viewWhile authorities are working with carriers to ing through Sun Valley Resort have upgrade capacity, cell networks may be overwhelmed been sold out for months, Bald Mounby increased demand. The Blaine County Emergency tain will be open for hiking and nonPlanning Committee recommends using a landline whenever possible, or trying a text rather than a call. In more lift-assisted mountain biking, with remote areas, including parts of the Sawtooth Valley, the the promise of food, drinks and live Forest Service expects to lose signal entirely. music—as well as unimpeded visSo, plan ahead. Will Fruehling, the chief deputy of the tas—waiting at the top. Just be preSheriff’s Office, recommends stocking up on food and pared to head down the way you water well in advance, and leaving town with a full tank came; due to limited downloading of gas in case stations run dry. The Blaine County capacity, lift service will be limited to Sheriff’s Office plans to set up a mobile command those already holding tickets. center near Smiley Creek, north of Ketchum, though emergency services may still be The resort is also renting a limited numhard to reach, and response times ber of RV campsites in the lower River Run will be impeded by increased lot starting on Friday, Aug. 18, through Tuescongestion. day, Aug. 22 ($150-$200, minimum threenight stay.) Contact the Sun Valley Guest Highway 75 at Silver Creek (north of Sun Valley), Cabin Creek Road (between Alturas Center for availability.

The public can park for free in the upper and Pettit lakes), Valley Road (north of Petlots at both the Warm Springs and River Run tit Lake), and off state Highway 21 at Valley Creek and Elk Meadows (west of Stanley). bases of Bald Mountain, as well as in the Sun Added bonus: Each spot has toilets, and some Valley Pavilion lot. There, they’ll find a nocharge viewing party on the Pavilion lawn offer garbage disposal and first-come, firstserved access to dispersed camping. For more hosted by the resort, with food, drinks and information, visit the Forest Service’s website eclipse-viewing glasses for sale starting at 9 a.m. at www.fs.usda.gov/sawtooth.

Nearby, the cities of Ketchum and Sun Valley are co-hosting a viewing party in Festival Meadow along Sun Valley Road.

Get there early—gates open at 9 a.m. for games, arts and crafts, and local food and drink vendors—and stick around after the eclipse for a DJ and further festivities. The venue can accommodate 5,000 people, according to Ketchum spokeswoman Lisa Enourato, and expect a big crowd.

“We started out ordering five port-a-potties, and now we’re up to 30,” Enourato said. “I think we’re just about prepared.”

There will also be gatherings in Ketchum at Town Square, the Little Park (north of City Hall), Forest Service Park, Memory Park (on Main Street), and next to the YMCA.

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Watch the eclipse LIVE on Facebook as NOVA broadcasts from the path of totality.

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Then, tune into Idaho Public Television at 8 PM as NOVA “Eclipse Over America” recaps this historic occasion with footage from across the U.S., including the Gem State.

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The Idaho Mountain Eclipse

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stronomers and mathematicians have been able to forecast expected lunar and solar eclipses for centuries by tracking the movement of the moon and the sun.

In the early 1500s, explorer Christopher Columbus was able to intimidate natives in Jamaica when he successfully predicted a lunar eclipse.

But Columbus couldn’t live-stream it. The total solar eclipse on Aug. 21, 2017, will be the first to be live-streamed online via balloons high up in the sky, according to NASA. NASA scientists and an army of citizen observers will make this total solar eclipse one of the most-studied in history, thanks to advancements in technology, equipment and vast interest in the event, according to the federal agency.

“This eclipse comes at a time when we have new tools that allow us to view the eclipse in ways that nobody has tried before,” said Angela Des Jardins of Montana State University in Bozeman, in a statement on NASA’s website. “This is the first time that aerial footage of a total solar eclipse will be live-streamed from high-altitude balloons.”

The balloons will observe the eclipse high into the sky and above the majority of Earth’s obscuring atmosphere, allowing scientists to study a wider breadth of the wavelengths hitting Earth.

NASA has studied the solar energy that radiates into the top of Earth’s atmosphere and how much of the sun’s energy can bounce back

“This eclipse comes at a time when we have new tools that allow us to view the eclipse in ways nobody has tried before.

This is the first time that aerial footage of a total solar eclipse will be live-streamed from highaltitude balloons.”

Angela Des Jardins Montana State University

LIMITED EDITION

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AVAILABLE IN STORES OR ONLINE NASA’s International Space Station, above, will attempt to record images of the total solar eclipse on Aug. 21. The station was able to snap photos of the shadow created on Earth during a total solar eclipse in 2006. Courtesy image

SUN VALLEY LODGE GIFT SHOP • SUN VALLEY SIGNATURES • BRASS RANCH (RIVER RUN)

into space, according to its website.

This year, NASA scientists want to better understand how Earth’s atmosphere can absorb solar energy and how that is reflected. NASA will be recording observations on the ground, as well as in a spacecraft 1 million miles away during the eclipse.

Scientists will be recording observations in Casper, Wyo., and Columbia, Mo., on Aug. 21.

NASA has a special camera that’s onboard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Deep Space Climate Observatory, which will also take images about 1 million miles from Earth.

NASA’s International Space Station may also lend a hand in the research. It completes an orbit of the Earth once every 92 minutes, and was able to take photos of the shadow created on Earth during a total solar eclipse in 2006.

The space station should be able to see a portion of the eclipse on Aug. 21, and should be able to view the shadow the moon casts on Earth, according to NASA. Wood River Valley residents can also lend a hand because they live within the eclipse’s path of totality.

NASA wants citizens to record cloud and temperature data on their smartphones using a free app, which will help their scientists understand how an eclipse can influence the conditions of the atmosphere.

The app is available on Apple and Android devices, and more information is offered online at https://observer.globe.gov/about/get-the-app.

“During a total solar eclipse, the normal rhythms of Earth are briefly disrupted,” NASA said in a statement on its website. “The sudden blocking of the sun makes the day appear to be night in more ways than just the loss of light. The temperature drops and plants and animals react as if it is dusk—birds can be seen flying home to settle in for sleep in the middle of the day.”

It’s a scientific opportunity NASA researchers won’t want to miss.

“The eclipse also provides a unique opportunity for scientists to study the atmosphere of our solar-powered planet,” the statement says. “During a total solar eclipse, the lower parts of the sun’s atmosphere, or corona, can be seen in ways that cannot completely be replicated by current human-made instruments.”

Sun Valley Solar Eclipse Glasses are also available at the Brass Ranch (Village) and Pete Lane’s (Village & River Run).

V I S I T S U N VA L L E Y . C O M / S H O P TO P U R C H A S E O N L I N E

RE-ELECT

SUN VALLEY COUNCIL PRESIDENT

KEITH SAKS Recognizing a successful first term serving the citizens of Sun Valley with dedication, fairness, independence and hard work, these Sun Valley residents support Keith Saks for re-election to the Sun Valley City Council this coming November MARTY CARNEVALE & TED MCCOY · FRAN & DAVID MEYERS · GRADY & HEATHER BURNETT · LEWIS & BARBARA ISBELL · JOHN & LINDA O’CONNER · LISA HOLLEY · MARGOT SILVER · BILL & SUE GRINSTEIN · KARSTEN FOSTVEDT · NICK & JEANNIE MOWLDS · RICK & JODIE FLORES · SCOTT SLONIM & KELLY CHOMA · JAKE & PATTI PROVONSHA · MARILYN & JACK RUBIN · MARLENE RENNELS & BOB BELL · EILEEN REISS · PHIL GILBERT · ELAINE & MICHAEL PHILLIPS · LOUIS & SHANNON HOFFER · MYRA FRIEDMAN & RALPH FULLERTON · REGINALD REEVES · ROGER & CAROL CLINE · TOM & JANE ALLEN · STAN & HARRIET JOSEPH · JIM & PENNY MONGER · BILL & JEANNE WRIGHT · BZ WAITE · NOEL ELLMAN · CEIL FREILICH · BARBARA THOMPSON · JON & CATHLEEN WAGNILD · PETA & JON VERHAEGHE · KRIS JARVIS · RICK MANEVAL · PETE PETERSON · HERB & JUDY PATRIARCHE Pd. for by Keith Saks for Sun Valley City Council 16 A u g u s t 2 017

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Central Idaho a good bet for clear weather during eclipse Wind likely to shift as Earth cools

Eclipse Bouquets & Arrangements

WWW.BRIDGMANFLORIST.COM • (208) 725-0606 Celebrate reading in our mountain town!

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FRIDAY, AUGUST 18, 5:00-7:00 PM Get the LitWalk map and purchase the food & beverage ticket at the Library, Gold Mine or Museum for just $15 per person.

208-726-3493 | visit www.comlib.org 14

The Idaho Mountain Eclipse

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16 A u g u s t 2 017

By Tony Tekaroniake Evans

O

ne sure way to miss the drama of a total solar eclipse would be to try to view it under cloudy skies. Idaho is located in a low-likelihood region for cloud cover in August, but you never know what nature has in store around here.

Eclipse observers can expect the temperature to drop about two degrees Fahrenheit and for winds to shift direction in the ensuing darkness.

The entire eclipse will take place over a couple of hours, from start to finish, with totality (the part where the sun is completely blocked out) lasting only a couple of minutes, and only in a narrow 62-mile wide path.

A NASA website posted to inform U.S. citizens about the best-weather viewing sites for the eclipse shows a good likelihood for clear skies in a wide swath of the Northwest, including Idaho.

“This eclipse arrives at a propitious time,” reports NASA. “The summer thunderstorm season is winding down and retreating southward; the Arizona monsoon is breaking; and the storm-carrying jet stream has not yet begun its journey southward from Canada. The dry and generally sunny fall season is about to begin.”

NASA reports that weather forecasting has now reached such a level of accuracy that movement to a favorable area can be planned several days or a week in advance from any location in America.

In case there are clouds in the mountains around the Wood River Valley, the Snake River Plain to the south would be a good place to catch the eclipse, but most of the Snake River Plain is not in the path of totality. Therefore, if the weather forecast calls for clouds on Aug. 21, the best bet for totality viewing would be to head east toward Arco on Highway 26 beyond Craters of the Moon National Monument.

Craters of the Moon is not in the path of totality.

Weather forecasting has now reached a level of accuracy that movement to a favorable area can be planned several days or a week in advance from any location in America.

Idaho, northern Oregon, central Wyoming and western Nebraska are the best prospects for clear skies during the Aug. 21 total solar eclipse. Graphic courtesy of NASA

Website offers data on eclipse weather For up-to-date cloud-cover forecasts, including satellite imagery and forest-fire smoke hazards, go to eclipsophile.com/eclipsewx/.

Out in the desert, away from mountain peaks, the skies are more likely to be clear. In case a fine-tuning of location is needed, there are hundreds of miles of highway and dirt roads under an expanse of treeless plain all the way to Idaho Falls.

Wherever you happen to be during the eclipse, you can expect a slight drop in temperature and wind shift due to the cooling of the Earth as the moon passes over the sun.

According to the NASA website,

Edmund Halley—of Halley’s Comet fame— noted the “Chill and Damp which attended the Darkness” of an eclipse in 1715, causing “some sense of Horror” among the spectators.

A study conducted in England showed why. Meteorologists at the University of Reading used an army of 4,500 citizen scientists around the United Kingdom, during a partial eclipse on March 20, 2015.

“Analysis of these observations, led by Dr. Luke Barnard, revealed that not only did

the atmosphere cool during the eclipse, the winds also slackened … they found that the wind change is caused by variations to the ‘boundary layer’—the area of air that usually separates high-level winds from those at the ground,” stated NASA. The findings were reported in the world’s oldest scientific journal, “Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society,” the same journal Halley used to report on the eclipse in London in 1715.

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Public lands promise unique views, risks for eclipse visitors Agencies preach care and consideration from campers headed into the backcountry

By Mark Dee

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The Idaho Mountain Eclipse

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16 A u g u s t 2 017

T

he Aug. 21 solar eclipse will bring thousands of people into public lands that, typically, see next to no one at all. It’s a hot ticket, right at the peak of Central Idaho’s fire season. And that has authorities on high alert.

“Half the fires in this part of Idaho are caused by humans,” said Kelsey Griffee, a fire prevention and information officer for the BLM in Twin Falls. “We can’t control the weather, but this is one thing we can.”

Following a wet winter and spring, grasses throughout the area have grown taller and denser than usual, providing ready fuel for flames.

Cars, campfires and general carelessness are big concerns for both the Forest Service and the BLM, especially on dispersed campsites in the backcountry.

A car’s exhaust, undercarriage, or anything dragging along the ground can be enough to spark a fire, so avoid driving on or parking in tall grass. (The same goes for running gas stoves and generators.) Keep roadways clear for first responders, and park in designated areas. The Forest Service has set up eight of them in the Sawtooths just for the eclipse; Julie Thomas, a spokeswoman for the Sawtooth National Recreation Area (SNRA), recommends getting there as early as Thursday or Friday to secure a spot (see map, Page 16).

Remember to keep campfires attended at all times, and to make sure it’s doused, dead and cool to the touch before moving on. While campfires are typically allowed on dispersed campsites, there’s “a good potential” Stage 1 restrictions will be in effect by mid-August, according to Griffee. That would ban all fires outside of designated recreation sites.

Stage 1 also restricts smoking outside of cars, buildings, formal campgrounds or completely clear, durable areas; even if not in effect, the Forest Service urges campers to follow these guidelines, no matter what. (Oh, and a friendly reminder: Fireworks are always illegal on public land.) To find out the current risk and restrictions in your area, go to www.idahofireinfo.com. If you see a fire, report it to the Fire Dispatch at (208) 886-2373 or call 911.

While wildfires are the chief concern, visitors should brush up on the basics, too.

“There are plenty of places in town where you can see the eclipse just fine.”

-Kelsey Griffee, BLM fire prevention and information officer These lists include public campsites and viewing areas in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area, north of Ketchum. The locations of all of the sites here can be found on the 16 master map on Page 16.

Graphics courtesy of U.S. Forest Service

“Most people visiting have probably never been camping,” said Thomas. “We need to educate as many as we can how to ‘pack it in, pack it out.’”

That means proper waste disposal, sanitation and bear-proof food storage. Dumpsters are available at most of the SNRA’s campgrounds and eclipse viewing areas— go to www.fs.usda.gov/sawtooth for a complete map, up-to-date closures and emergency phone numbers. When in doubt, check with a local ranger.

Dump stations for RV campers are set up at North Fork, Smiley Creek, Redfish Lake and the Stanley Ranger Station.

For smaller-scale sewage, follow the Forest Service’s cathole protocol: dig 6 to 8 inches down, bury the waste at least 200 feet from water, and take any paper products out when you leave.

Visitors can find showers at Easley Hot Springs, the Redfish Lake complex or, closer to civilization, at the Ketchum YMCA. According to Griffee, that last one might be the best place for many rookie campers.

“We all love public lands,” she said.

“But there are plenty of places in town where you can see the eclipse just fine.”

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Voted Valley’s Best for 6 years running Pharmacy Hours: Monday thru Friday 9 am-6 pm • Saturday 10 am-4 pm 16 A u g u s t 2 017

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Custom Hand-Drawn Maps Illustrated or Antique-Style

R edfish & stanley M aps Prints & cards available at the Redfish Lake Visitor Center and at several Stanley area businesses.

Solar eclipses have prompted awe and wonderment throughout history First eclipse was recorded in 1375 B.C. in Syria

By Peter Jensen

Quigley Map Studio Evelyn B. Phillips Hailey • Idaho

208.720.7278

www.quigleymapstudio.com

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T

otal solar eclipses have stopped a battle in ancient Greece and frightened Chinese emperors who believed that dragons were devouring the sun. The emperors’ solution was to convince their subjects to bang gongs, drums and pots to scare away the dragon.

The reactions will almost certainly be different when the total solar eclipse passes overhead in the Wood River Valley on the morning of Monday, Aug. 21.

But it will still provide a sense of amazement and reverence in those who gather to view it in the 70-mile-wide path of totality, which extends from the northwest corner of Oregon and over central Idaho on its way to South Carolina. It’s the first total solar eclipse in 99 years to traverse the continental United States, and 12 million people live within the path of totality, according to NASA. A total solar eclipse happens somewhere on Earth about once every 18 months, but it could be centuries before it passes overhead again.

That’s certainly been true in Ketchum, where total solar eclipses passed overhead as early as 1450 B.C., according to NASA calculations. Of course, no records exist to substantiate that event, though Indian tribes lived in central Idaho for thousands of years prior to their contact with European-Americans.

Ketchum experienced total solar eclipses in 45 B.C., as well as in A.D. 93, 255, 558, 1259, 1404, 1618 and 1918, according to NASA statistics.

But historical researchers have been able to find records and artifacts that align with the dates of total solar eclipses in other parts of the world.

The earliest record of a total solar eclipse was in present-day Syria in 1375 B.C. and was recorded on clay tablets. However, a monument was discovered in Ireland in 1999 that is believed to correlate with a solar eclipse and dates to 3340 B.C., according to NASA.

“Its alarming appearance stopped a battle between the Lydians and the Medes. The sudden darkness convinced the combatants that the gods were wroth and they at once ceased fighting.”

–Hartford Courant, 1900

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This illustration depicts a crowd watching a total solar eclipse in Paris in 1851.

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In 585 B.C., a solar eclipse brought a truce to a lengthy conflict in ancient Greece.

“Its alarming appearance stopped a battle between the Lydians and the Medes,” the Hartford Courant newspaper reported in 1900. “The sudden darkness convinced the combatants that the gods were wroth and they at once ceased fighting.”

In 1851, a total solar eclipse drew a crowd to watch it in the streets of Paris, canceling a session of the National Assembly so members could view it, according to Brown University.

In the United States, total solar eclipses have inspired more wonderment than fear, and sometimes with a mix of both.

In the run-up to a total solar eclipse in 1878, the Daily Rocky Mountain News in Denver dubbed the event “Black Monday.”

The St. Louis Globe-Democrat sent a correspondent to Monument Park in Colorado to report on the event. The reporter, Ellen Mitchell, found it inspiring.

“But could nature present a more magnificent spectacle, even in Colorado, than the recent eclipse?” she wrote. “It lasted but an instant. Soon, too soon, the moon passed on; the sun shone out brightly. It was again the old, familiar world. So great was our disenchantment, the very mountains looked commonplace.”

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The eclipse in myths and legends Choctaws blamed disappearance of sun on Black Squirrel

By Tony Tekaroniake Evans

W

hen the life-giving sun appears to take a break at midday and hide behind the moon, people take notice.

Myths and legends from around the world have been devised to make sense of this astronomical event.

The Vikings imagined a pair of sky wolves chasing the sun or moon, and during an eclipse, actually taking a bite. For the Vietnamese, a frog or toad is responsible for eating the sun or moon. National Geographic magazine reports that the earliest word for eclipse in Chinese, “shih,” means “to eat.”

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Native Americans have a bounty of myths and legends about eclipses. The Kwakiutl of the American Northwest believed that the mouth of heaven was devouring the sun or moon. Navajo author Whitethorne Baje Sr. tells a contemporary tale, “Sunpainters: Eclipse of the Navajo Sun.” The children’s book is based on his own experience of a solar eclipse while sitting in a juniper tree when he was a young man.

Whitethorne’s character Kii Leonard was listening to The Choctaw nation the radio when his grandof the American father Pipi announced that the sun had died.

Southeast “Kii Leonard saw a worshipped the strange gloom all around him. Everywhere he looked sun, as well as its the deep purple and red lesser cousin, fire. darkness was there,” Whitethorne wrote.

Kii then learns about the legendary naa’ach’aahii, or painters, who visit during eclipses.

The Choctaw nation of the American Southeast worshipped the sun, as well as its lesser cousin, fire. It is believed by anthropologists that Mississippian ancestors of the Choctaw placed the sun at the center of their cosmological system. According to historians, Choctaw diplomats spoke only on sunny days.

“If the day of a conference were cloudy or rainy, Choctaws delayed the meeting, usually on the pretext that they needed more time to discuss particulars, until the sun returned. The sun made

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sure that all talks were honest. The sun as a symbol of great power and reverence is a major component of Southeastern Indian cultures,” wrote Greg O’Brien in his book “Choctaws in a Revolutionary Age, 1750-1830.”

When the sun became hidden by the moon during a solar eclipse, it was considered by the Choctaw to be the fault of the mischievous Black Squirrel, who could not help but take a bite. To reverse the disaster, the Choctaw made every effort to scare the squirrel away with loud shouting and noises from every hilltop. A historical account of the din produced by the Choctaws during an eclipse was written by John R. Swanton in “Source Material for the Social and Ceremonial Life of the Choctaw Indians.”

“As soon, therefore, as the sun began to draw its lunar veil over its face, the cry was heard from every mount from the Dan to the Beersheba of their then wide extended territory, echoing from hill to dale, ‘Funi lusa hushi umpa! Funi lusa hushi umpa,’ according to our phraseology, the Black Squirrel is eating the sun! Then and there was heard a sound of tumult by day in the Choctaw Nation for the space of an hour or two. Far exceeding that said to have been heard by night in Belgium’s Capital, and sufficient in the conglomeration of discordant tones terrific, if heard by the distant, little, fastidious squirrel, to have made him lose forever afterward all relish for a mess of suns for an early or late dinner.

“The shouts of the women and children mingling with the ringing of discordant bells as the vociferous pounding and beating of earsplitting tin pans and cups mingling in ‘wild confusion worse confounded,’ yet in sweet unison with a first-class orchestra of yelping, howling, barking dogs gratuitously thrown in by the innumerable and highly excited curs, produced a din, which even a “Funi lusa,” [Black Squirrel] had he heard it, could scarcely have endured even to have indulged in a nibble or two of the sun, though urged by the demands of a week’s fasting.”

Regardless of what we might think today about the effectiveness of such activities in controlling the cosmos, the Choctaws’ confidence in their actions was based on generations of experience. The fright they supplied to Black Squirrel never failed to bring back the sun. In fact, it worked every time.

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Listed here are events related to the total solar eclipse on Monday, Aug. 21. To see a complete calendar of events in the area, go to the calendar of events in the Arts section of the Idaho Mountain Express.

Visual Arts Exhibition “Night Watch”: Presented by Sun Valley Center for the Arts. This exhibition presents the work of contemporary artists who expose the many ways the night frames our lives and our dreams. Inspired by the 2017 total solar eclipse. The Center, 191 Fifth St. E., Ketchum. 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday-Friday. sunvalleycenter.org.

SAR AH DAV IES

24

Calendar of Events



“Starlight and Darkness—Idaho’s 21st Century Total Solar Eclipse”: Join Eric Edelman, astronomer with astronomy organization Slooh, for a lecture about the eclipse. Stanley Museum, Highway 75 North, Stanley. 5 p.m.

Saturday, Aug. 19 Star Party: Hosted by the Boise Astronomical Society. The society will provide supervised public access night-viewing telescopes and at least one free public-access solar telescope from noon until sunset on both days, as well as free laser-guided constellation tours at about 10:30 p.m. on both evenings. Pioneer Park, Stanley. 12 p.m.

“The All-American Total Solar Eclipse of August 2017” by Dr. Jeffrey Silverman: Come learn about total solar eclipses and how to view this one. The Community Library, 415 Spruce Ave., Ketchum.

4:30-6 p.m.

Sunday, Aug. 20 Star Party: Second day. Pioneer Park, Stanley. 12 p.m.

“Awesome Solar Eclipses From Ancient Time Until Tomorrow”: Lecture by Woody Sullivan, professor of astronomy at the University of Washington. Stanley Community Building, Stanley. 3-4 p.m.

“Revealing The Hidden, High Energy Sun”: Presented by the American Astronomical Society. Dr. Rachel Olsen, associate astronomer at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, Md., will discuss the advantages of eclipses for scientific research of our sun and what

astronomers are learning about other nearby stars. Sun Valley Center for the Arts, 591 Fifth St. E., Ketchum.

6:30-7:30 p.m.

Monday, Aug. 21 THE ECLIPSE: The solar eclipse will start at 10:12:38 a.m. in the KetchumSun Valley area. Totality will last just over a minute, starting at 11:29:36 a.m. and ending at 11:30:46 a.m. The eclipse will end at 12:53:35 p.m.

Bald Mountain Eclipse Party: ALL LIFT TICKETS SOLD OUT. Access by hiking/biking, must also hike/bike down. Breakfast offered at River Run at 7 a.m. BBQ, drinks and live music on top of Baldy. Emily Stanton Band playing from 12-3 p.m. Bald Mountain, Ketchum. All day.

Great American Eclipse Party: Join scientists, photographers, eclipse chasers and thousands of residents from across the globe in a march to the Line of Totality in Sun Valley. Festival Meadows, Sun Valley Road, just east of Our Lady of the Snows Catholic Church, Sun Valley. 9 a.m.-3 p.m.

Pavilion Viewing and After Party: Come watch the eclipse on the lawn at the Sun Valley Pavilion, watch the sky or the jumbotron. Stay for the family-friendly post eclipse BBQ with games and entertainment by the duck pond. Pavilion Lawn, Sun Valley Resort, Sun Valley. 9 a.m.

Solar Eclipse Debrief: This 40-minute program designed for school-age children will teach about the sun and the moon and the movement that creates a solar eclipse. The Community Library, 415 Spruce Ave., Ketchum. 2-3 p.m.

Tuesday, Aug. 22 Ballet Sun Valley: Internationally renowned ballet dancers come together in Sun Valley for a variety of performances. Doors open at 6:30 p.m. Performances include a number of classics and originals, as well as the world premiere of a new ballet by Gemma Bond, inspired by the eclipse. Performances on Aug. 22 and 24. Tickets available online. Sun Valley Pavilion, 300 Dollar Road, Sun Valley. 7:30 p.m. balletsunvalley.com.

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Stanley at eclipse epicenter Eclipse-related events slated for weekend

By Andy Kerstetter

W

hile the Wood River Valley is expected to host many thousands of visitors during the eclipse, the Stanley area in Custer County north of Sun Valley is projected to teem with a similar crowd of as many as 30,000 people.

Many eclipse-viewers in the area are expected to congregate at or near Redfish and Little Redfish lakes, over which the dead center of the eclipse’s path of totality will pass on Aug. 21. Most campground sites and lodging in Stanley have already been booked, and traffic in the area and between Stanley and Ketchum/Sun Valley on state Highway 75 is expected to be very congested with slow going.

With only one gas station in Stanley, eclipse-viewers traveling to the area are strongly encouraged to bring their own gas, as well as plenty of food and water. Travelers are encouraged to arrive as early as they can, because traffic to the area over the weekend before the eclipse is expected to be heavy.

There are numerous campsites and pullover spots in the area from which to view the eclipse, but there are only two dedicated eclipseviewing areas in the Sawtooth National Forest near Stanley. The

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Elk Meadows site, near the Elk Creek campground, is accessible off of Highway 21 northwest of Stanley on Forest Service Road 614. The site has a total vehicle capacity of about 2,000.

The other viewing area, Valley Creek, is located off of Highway 21 a few miles farther west from Elk Meadows, accessible via Forest Service Road 621 turning into 304A. The access road to that site is not as well-maintained as Elk Meadows, and the vehicle capacity there is only 250.

The Elk Meadows site is more developed, with campgrounds and toilets. The Valley Creek site has no campsites, but does have toilets.

Neither site requires a fee to use.

The next closest dedicated viewing areas are south of Stanley along Highway 75 at Valley Road—with capacity for 2,000 vehicles—and Pettit Lake Road—1,000 cars—and Pettit Lake Meadows—250 cars.

Eclipse enthusiasts will have a few special events to choose from in the days leading up to and during the eclipse.

On Friday, Aug. 18, the Stanley Museum on Highway 75 in Stanley will host a talk titled “Starlight and Darkness: Idaho’s 21st Century Total Solar Eclipse” at 5 p.m. with Eric Edelman, an astronomer with Slooh, an organization that works to bring live telescope feeds of the cosmos to the world. The lecture is free.

Stanley’s Pioneer Park will host a Star Party from Saturday, Aug. 19, through Sunday, Aug. 20. The two-night free party will be hosted by the Boise Astronomical Society, which will provide supervised public access to night-viewing telescopes. The society also will provide at least one free public-access solar telescope from noon to sunset both days, as well as free laser-guided constellation tours at about 10:30 p.m. both nights.

To learn about more events, go to Page 24.

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What would Fido do?

Animals respond to unexpected darkness in different ways

By Greg Moore

A

video titled “Animals at Total Eclipse” posted on NASA’s website tells us that “one of the most amazing things about any total eclipse is that the animals always freak out the same way that people do.”

Well, to some extent. Reports from eclipses around the world suggest that animals’ behavior varies considerably. Most of the reported behavior anomalies are of animals’ thinking that it’s night and acting as they customarily do at that time.

An internet search reveals that perhaps the most comprehensive collection of observations on the subject was undertaken on Aug. 31, 1932, when a total eclipse covered much of Vermont, New Hampshire and Maine at about 3:30 p.m. The study collected reports from 498 observers, some of them scientists but many simply interested members of the public. The findings were published in March 1935 in the Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

The observations indicated that many animals responded to the enveloping darkness, but many ignored it.

The reports included 222 observations of birds and 170 observations of at least 20 species of mammals.

“The evidence is overwhelming that most birds showed some reactions of an unusual nature to totality, exhibiting behavior characteristic of fear, bewilderment or a belief that night was approaching,” the study stated. “No birds, however, gave any extreme signs of fear or panic. No behavior reported could be regarded as equivalent to the terror evinced by ignorant men and women during the Middle Ages.”

Observers reported that diurnal birds quieted down, while they heard more calls from nocturnal birds such as owls.

The study also noted that “there is not a shred of evidence to warrant a belief that birds were able to sense an impending natural phenomenon, as is certainly true for violent storms, and has been claimed for earthquakes.”

Except in the case of bats, which appeared in the dark midafternoon sky, observers reported “a good deal of conflicting testimony” about the mammals they saw.

Of 22 reports of dogs’ behavior, a little more than half involved signs of unusual excitement or fear, though the study section’s author noted that it was impossible to determine how much of that was a reaction to the eclipse itself and how much to the attitudes of the animals’ owners.

Another study observed chimpanzees during an annular solar eclipse, in which the moon does not appear big enough to completely block the sun and a bright ring is left around a dark disc, that occurred on May 30, 1984. The chimps were housed in an outdoor compound at the Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center in Georgia, and the results were published in the American Journal of Primatology in 1986.

“When the sky began to darken and the temperature began to decrease, chimpanzees began to congregate on a climbing structure and turn their faces upward,” the study stated. “One juvenile stood upright and gestured in the direction of the sun and moon.

As it became brighter, the animals began to descend from the climbing structure. The behaviors exhibited by the group during the period of maximum eclipse were not observed prior to or following the eclipse nor as darkness approached at normal, daily sunset.”

The Daily Mail newspaper reported that during an eclipse on March 20, 2015, when the moon covered 84 percent of the sun over London, there were reports on Twitter of pet dogs howling and running around, though a shelter for dogs and cats saw “absolutely no changes” in the behavior of its animals.

The narrator of the NASA video mentioned at the start of this story reported that he and others were on a small boat during a total eclipse in the Galapagos Islands, off the coast of South America.

“Five minutes before totality, every whale and dolphin in the vicinity—dozens—surfaced and swam back and forth and watched the eclipse with us,” he said. “Five minutes after totality, they all swam away and we

Dogs aren’t expected to look at the sun during the eclipse any more than they would on any other day, but why pass up a chance to be stylish?

Courtesy photo by Isabelle Moore

never saw them again.”

A story titled “Observing Wildlife Reactions During a Total Solar Eclipse,” posted

by Todd Thompson on Eclipse-chasers.com, recounts the author’s experience in Zambia during an eclipse in June 2001.

“During the event, several of us noticed apparent anomalies with birds and insects,” Thompson wrote. “Specifically, the birds seemingly all went back to roost just as totality neared. Nocturnal insects, such as crickets and cicadas, began their night calls at about that time and then ceased shortly after the sun reemerged. Mosquitoes came out to bite and then vanished.”

MARY ROBERSON

In a contribution to Astronomy and Geophysics, astronomer Paul Murdin published findings from observations made by about 250 members of Wildlife and Environment Zimbabwe at Mana Pools National Park, on the Zambezi River, during the same 2001 eclipse. They saw some unusual wildlife behavior.

“The hippos paused, and looked nervous. Their daily routine had been disrupted.

They were evidently not sure whether night had fallen and it was time for breakfast or whether the sun had re-risen and it was time to go to bed. They remained in the river— eyes and ears alert above the surface.

“At the return of the light from the sun there was a crescendo of loud dawn-choruslike calls of the many turtle-doves that live in Mana Pools. Other birds joined it—the iridescent blue starlings, bulbuls, weaver birds.

Bird calls had ceased during the period of the darkest part of the eclipse.”

So, will the thousands of dogs in the Wood River Valley look up and howl at 11:29 a.m. on Aug. 21? Will they lie down and go to sleep? Or ignore the brief darkness altogether?

Their owners are welcome to report whatever they observe to this writer at gmoore@mtexpress.com.

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Eclipse tips from Blaine County Be prepared, and be patient, planners say

By Mark Dee

T

he stars are literally aligning to cap off the height of vacation season, meaning the Wood River Valley will be swamped with visitors this August.

In advance of the rush for the Aug. 21 eclipse, the Blaine County Local Emergency Planning Committee and Disaster Services Coordinator Chris Corwin are offering some safety tips to keep the wheels moving, and the circuit boards clear.

“Our goal is to try to help reduce the load on our emergency response personnel and dispatch services by having folks be better prepared,” says committee Vice Chairman Nils Ribi.

To that end, here are some things tourists and locals alike ought to keep in mind: Expect a crowd. The Ketchum/Sun Valley area will likely see lines and traffic surge starting Friday, Aug. 18. Residents should try to visit the bank, the grocery store and the gas station in the days beforehand. Bring books, games—anything to keep busy—and be patient. Plan for delays, and stock up, just in case. Keep a full tank of gas, as well as extra food, water and first-aid supplies on-hand. The committee recommends packing a full emergency preparedness kit, with a five-day supply of food and at least one gallon of water per person per

day. (For a full rundown of emergency supplies, visit blaineemergency. org) Locals should factor in long commutes, and consider watching the eclipse from home or work. Don’t rely on your cell phone—or GPS. Even on the best days, reception gets spotty north of Ketchum. Networks may become completely overwhelmed by demand. So, plot your route beforehand; make sure people know where you’re going, and when to expect you back. If a call fails, try to find a landline or use a text message. Even if you do get through, 9-1-1 will likely be overrun, too, and congestion will contribute to longer response times. “We don’t have unlimited helicopters,” Corwin says. “We may have to triage due to high volume. If you have a sprained ankle, and someone else is having a heart attack, you’ll probably have to wait.” For smaller problems, use the non-emergency dispatch number: (208) 578-3831. Park only in designated areas. The Idaho Transportation Department is asking drivers not to stop on the road, in emergency turnouts, or along the shoulder of the highway. Remember: Don’t park in tall grass—it’s a fire risk. (For more on fire safety, see Page 18.) Take it easy. Especially if you’re from lower elevations, don’t rush too high too quickly. Pack a hat and sunscreen; the mountains can be hot and bright in August, so Corwin urges everyone to drink “excess” water, and keep an eye out for the signs of heat stroke. Finally, don’t leave town without your special eclipse glasses—sunglasses aren’t enough. The only time it’s safe to view the eclipse without special eyewear is during the totality; any amount of sunlight can damage unprotected eyes. (For more, see Page 7.)

For more eclipse tips, emergency checklists, and a roundup of important local numbers, visit the LEPC website at www.blaineemergency.org.

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Please call (208) 788-3434 for appointment

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Eclipse Weekend Hours Saturday and Sunday, August 19 and 20 10 a.m.-4 p.m.

Urgent Care, walk-ins welcome

St. Luke’s Hailey Clinic 1450 Aviation Drive, Suite 100 Hailey

Tips to stay healthy during the eclipse: • Protect your eyes. Wear eclipse glasses to view the eclipse.

Even a few seconds can cause damage.

• Stay hydrated. Drink lots of water and sports drinks.

• Use sunscreen of SPF 30 or greater with broad spectrum.

Re-apply often and don’t forget lip balm with SPF of 25+.

• Be prepared, especially in the backcountry.

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photos courtesy of Lucy Fuller, Jim Gilmore + Nic Roggeman