Portfolio flexibility of juta street xuemin lin 01

DYNAMIC FUNCTION

PARTICIPATION

ACTIVITIES

FLEXIBLE TIME

FLEXIBILITY

URBAN CATALYST

XUEMIN LIN 2016.01.22

FLEXIBLE LIFE FLEXIBLE SPACE

"Rather than treet the informal comas isolated deviations from the norm, policymakers should recognize a new norm has developed; rather than attemp to make this new norm fit the regulations developed decades ago,they should develop new regulations toh fit this norm." (Philipp Oswalt)

MOBILITY CHARACTERISTIC SPATIAL

THE POWER OF TEMPORARY USE

FLEXIBLE USERS

CONTENT Backgroud rearch

INTRODUCTION DESIGN PROCESS&METHODOLOGIES JOHANNESBURG THE HISTORIC PAST AND THE BUSTLE OF A MORDEN CITY FORMAL AND INFORMAL IN JUTA STREET

Design theory/ Case study

PASSSAGEWAY DESIGN CASE STUDY PARTICIPATION PROJECT STUDY SPATIAL AGENCY RESEARCH PASSSAGEWAY DESIGN CASE STUDY

Manifesto

INTRODUCTION

MANIFESTO OF FLEXIBILITY STRATEGIES OF FLEXIBILITY MOBILITY OF FLEXIBILITY SPACE OF FLEXIBILITY SPATIAL DESIGN OF FLEXIBILITY CRITICAL REFLECTION REFERENCES

Braamfontein has emerged in post-apartheid South Africa as one of the few places in Johannesburg (and the country) where such a diverse set of social, racial economic groups mix and work on daily basis. But as Braamfontein develops its success threatens its own diversity, as the stronger groups of this neighborhood begin implementing their own controls and rules in public space.

Local Studio’s vision for a pedestrianised Braamfontein engages with these conditions by attempting to create a safe, accessible public space that protects the more vulnerable of Braamfontein users while setting a nationwide precedent for productive and inclusive public space along an existing movement route.

The Braamfontein CID is currently undergoing a structural and legal shift as mandatory CID’s are now deemed illegal by the Constitutional Court, and the management of Braamfontein is being shifted to a voluntary structure. Local Studio is using this opportunity to push an approach that will involve the diverse set of users and stakeholders who make up Braamfontein.

The propositions we will develop in the studio will not only set a crucial precedent for future spatial interventions in Joburg, but their people-centered approach in methodology is breaking ground for how South African designers should work in such complex contexts.

SOCIAL CONTEXT

SEMINAR

LECTURE

Braamfontein vision and mapping by Local Studio & 1to1 Agency of Engagement

key issues in South African & Johannesburg urban history

INTRODUCTION OF JOHANNESBURG

1

SOCIAL PROBLEMS

SOCIAL SECURITY

QUALITY OF LIFE

-Migration; - Confilict between Colonial And Modernist; - Conflicting Desires.

MANIFESTO DEVELPMENT OF FLEXIBILITY AND SPATIAL DESIGN OF JUTA STREET

- Unemployment; - Rise in crime rates and urban security; - Lack of communication between different cultures and groups; - Street vendors and homeless.

Uban Environment

7

- Lack of inclusive public spaces; - Lack of connection between unformal and formal places;

METHOD

- Lectures - Semilar

4REFLECTION ON

RESEARCH 2 JOHANNESBURG

METHOD

- Idea on films - Group work - 9Topics

REFLEfCTION ON

Johannesburg Urban design Social networks Public space Groups&individual

- Understanding Johannesburg from integrated perspective; - Recognizing other way of urban design related to Spatial Agency; - The power of social network to the city and people; - Inclusive and exclusive public spaces in informal city; - Learning from each other and critical thinking.

RELATED STUDY

PROVISIONAL MANIFESTO FOR INCLUSIVE PUBLIC SPACES IN JOHANNESBURG

METHOD

- Lectures - Websites

LECTURES - Spatial Agency - Downtown Cairo Passageways

CASE STUDY Participation project study

- Culture and place identity - Safety - The needs of users - Accessibility - Flexibility - Diversity function - Green infrustructre - Public participation

5

FLEXIBLE TIME

9 TOPICS

- Spatial Agency； - Inclusion and Exclusion in Urban Public Space； - Public Space, Social Networks, and Social Media； - Apartheid and Post-Apartheid Cities； - South African Urbanism: The Informal City; - People of Johannesburg; - Johannesburg from its Margins; - Inner-city Regeneration in Johannesburg； - Arts, Culture and Social Change

FLEXIBLE USERS

FLEXIBILITY

RESEARCH TOOLS

OUR TOPIC Inclusion and Exclusion in Urban Public Space

- Basic on previous research - Focus on research the public space - Comprehensive analysis - Book reference

URBAN CATALYST

METHOD

Remote resources Websites Mapping Books Analysis

3

STRATEGIES

JOHANNESBURG

FLEXIBLE LIFE FLEXIBLE SPACE

- Understaning the site - Reseach the social - Reseach people&life - Reseach uban environment

"A crucial influence on weather people will use or avoid urban public spaces is the degree to which they feel safe in them."(Shaftoe,2008)

CONSIDERING FACTORS

- Flexible mobility - Dynamic function - Characteristic spaces - Cultural character and activities - Parcicipation process

METHOD

- Analysis - Mapping - Group discuss - Book reference - Presentation and feedback - Social network - Local participation

Process

SITE: JUTA STREET

Designed as a representative of inclusive public space in Johannesburg

- Analysis promlems - Analysis potential - Defining flexibility - Research factos of flexibility - Design - Feedback - Re-think

6

WHY DO WE CHOOSE FLEXIBILITY?

MANIFESTO DEVELOPMENT:

FLEXIBILITY

METHOD

- Analysis - Book reference - Mapping

DESIGN PROCESS&METHODOLOGIES

Joburg is a complex city. On the one hand, its (too) high crime rates, its traffic problems, its smog, its secluded suburbs and the large gap between rich and poor reflect a harsh reality that makes Joburg not exactly the easiest city to live in.The downtown business district has come to resemble an archipelagic assemblage of fortified enclaves inhabited in the daylight hours by tens of thousands of white-collar employees, office workers, and blue-collar support staff, and abandoned at night to the legions of low-income residents and homeless squatters who have carved out tenuous shelter in the overcrowded and decaying apartment blocks scattered in pockets around the central city.

Johannesburg Johannesburg

South Africa Map

Gauteng Region Map

Johannesburg Map

SETTLEMENTS /ECONOMIC/PEOPLE

HISTORY Chronology

1652

Main Surburbs and Transportation Sample Suburbs Neighbouring Municipalities Inner-city

Informal Settlements 2009/2010

Formal economic activity:businesses/2km radius

CITY/STREETS

Formal

Informal

PUBLIC SPACES /LIFE Formal public spaces

1800’S

Newly formed afrikaaners moved north to found new country

1896

Discovery gold in afrikaner republic led to civil war

1910

South africa declared a union between british & afrikaans rule

1913

Native land act disallows ‘africans’ to own land

1948

South africa decalred a republic in under afrikaans rule

1952

Apartheid (legalised racial segregation) institutionalised

1976

Soweto anti-apartheid student uprising

1980’S

Most violent period of civil unrest and border war

1994

Mandela released, first democratic elections - anc wins

POST 1994

South africa struggles as new democracy

Formal economic activity:businesses/2km radius

Main Roads National Roads Railways

Informal public spaces - Whose public spaces?

- Is it occupied by the infomal ?

Colonised by the dutch & then by the british in 1795

JOHANNESBURG THE HISTORIC PAST AND THE BUSTLE OF A MORDEN CITY http://www.urbanjoburg.com/ http://www.gcro.ac.za http://www.africancentreforcities.net/publishing/books/

SITE

POTENTIALS OF JUTA STREET

RESEARCH THE POWER OF TEMPORORY USE

Juta street

1 THE POWER OF INFORMAL

1 POTENTIALS OF THE INFORMAL

Context: The economic restructuring that has contributed to the decline of the manufacturing-dominated industrial complex of the postwar era and the rise of a new,service-doninated economic complex.

Small business and street trades make Juta street special and active.

STREET VITALITY

Breaanfontein

Increasing earing inequality High-icome Low-income THE INFORMAL ECONOMY Goods and services Necessary resource in urban context Commercial space Labor Economic activities

COMMUNICATION MAKE A LIVING

THE INFORMAL CULTURE Art Cultural Generators

VARIED SKYLINE

"Rather than treet the informal comas isolated deviations from the norm, policymakers should recognize a new norm has developed; rather than attemp to make this new norm fit the regulations developed decades ago,they should develop new regulations toh fit this norm." (Philipp Oswalt)

INTERESTING STREET FACADES

3 DIVERSE SPACES PATTERNS

Varying street and architecture patterns could generate many interesting spaces, and public art also transforms public spaces.

2 FORMAL BRINGS OPPORTUNITY Johannesburg

New commercial developments in Juta street are bringing important energy into spaces.

STREET ATTRACTIVENESS/ LANDMARK

HIGH QUALITY ENVIRONMENT

Temporary gathering in Juta street

(Analysised by:Ruixuan Feng)

4 DIVERSE PEOPLE

INFORMAL WORKERS UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

VISITORS

HOMELESS RESIDENTS

FORMAL WORKERS

LOWER INCOME RESIDENTS

FORMAL AND INFORMAL IN JUTA STREET

HIGHER INCOME RESIDENTS

Informal vendors in Juta street

Oswalt,Phi. 2013. Urban catalyst : the power of temporary use.

SOCIO-SPATIAL PROBLEMS OF JUTA STREET

PROBLEM 1 CONFLICTING MOVEMENT 1 CHANGING QUALITY AND UNCONTINUOUS PEDESTRIAN STREET

2 CAR DOMINATED STREET

Road quality of Juta street is relatively low, the frequent interrupting pedestrian pavement and uncontinuous greening leads to an uninviting walking environment.

The only passing function makes the street lack of attraction, and the indistinct identity is a general problem.

· HIGH SPEED VEHICULAR ROAD · NO CROSSING ON THE STREET

The streets in Braamfontein is dominated by cars, which not only influence the accessibility of the street, but also results in an dangerous pedestrian environment.

CURB PARKING AREA BERTHA CROSSING

OFFICE

DOMINANCE BY COMMERCIAL / FORMAL / QUIETER

MIX OF RESIDENTIAL AND RETAIL / INFORMAL / ACTIVE

FORMAL / QUIETER

MIXING USER GROUPS STREET CORNER AS PUBLIC SPACE QUALIFIED HOTEL

1 VARIEDAND ISOLATED USER GROUPS/ CONTESTATION

Diversity groups is not reflected in the public space, different user groups are isolated in this area, and lacking of communication.

PROBLEM 2 EXCLUSIVE FORMAL AND INFORMAL 2 DISORDERED PUBLIC SPACES · OUTDOOR FORMAL WORKER · SHOP WORKER&CUSTOMER · INFORMAL STREET RECYCLER

The whole street lacks high quality public spaces, and they are deprived and disconnected, only few public spaces are popular but also lacks of amentity, which makes it hard for people to stay.

Most of the street spaces are used for single activity, like passing or sitting, and different spaces are lack of arrangement, like parking and walking spaces.

FORMAL AND INFORMAL IN JUTA STREET

(Analysised by:Ruixuan Feng) http://www.urbanjoburg.com/ http://www.gcro.ac.za http://www.africancentreforcities.net/publishing/books/

DEFINING

REASONS OF EXCLUSIVE PUBLIC SPACES

Flexible Open Accessible

Safe

INCLUSIVE Public

Functional Welcome

Unsafe Private Invaded

Aesthetic

1 THE CHANGING NATURE OF PUBLIC SPACES City is constantly changing,the nature and character of public spaces are closely related to the nature and character of citis.From residual places of avoidance to dynamic multiplicity.

Public spaces: Not only the places for public activities, But also places which trade,politics,cultural performance and socialization all took place Population Socialization Transportation Trade Politics

PUBLIC

CITY

Limited land SPACE use Cultural Culture Ecomnomic performance

Politic

2 DEVELOPMENT PROCESS OF PLANNING AND DESIGN

Fixed

EXCLUSIVE Not Accessible

Identity

"Public spaces are appreciated and used by the people of the city ,however, are contested by and under the pressure from diffirent skateholders.The nature of public spaces in morden cities has radically changed.The development of use of those space mirror the way a society is organized,shaped by unequal distribution of power and resource,which create tesion and confict as well as collabration and compromise.

Puclic space is argured to be produced on the basis of equality for all by being accessible places made and managed through inclusive process."(Madanipour,P4)

Diffirent stages in design,planning development and manegement of public spaces have a direct impact on their accessibility and identity . Range of actors and interest in urban deveries widely,and places hace diffirent dimenssions and functions,creating public spaces becoms a complex and multidimensional process.To understand places, and to promote the developlent of accessible public places,therefore ,it is essential to study this process and to encourage its broading ,to make it inclusive.

Rigid

Violated

KEY QUESTIONS

1 Who is involved in analysing the development process?

Involving citizens

Dominated by powerful agencies and individuals

2 Development process is the temporal dimension

RESEARCH INCLUSIVE AND EXCLUSIVE PUBLIC SPACES MADANIPOUR, Ali. 2010. Introduction. In: Whose Public Space? International Case Studies in Urban Design and Development, pp. 1-16. London: Routledge.

RIOS, Michael. 2008. Envisioning Citizenship: Toward a Polity Approach in Urban Design. Urban Design, 13(2), pp. 213229.

- Design as a goal-oriented problemsolving process; - The exclusive public spaces can not meet different needs and they have not too much accessiblities or even choices.

CONTRADICTION

- Cities are constdualantly changing; - People are dynamic and intelligent; - Process of urban spaces design are mutidimensional and multi-agency process.

ACHIVING THE CITY IN FLUX

Meeting point Tahrir Square

Cairo urban revolution

Geography of the revolution:Marches and protests originating the city’s peripheries,at the interface of formal and informal areas,move towards Tahrir Square at the city’s geographical and political center.

Railway crossings constitute one of the main access points betreen formal and informal area in Giza to the west of Cairo.

Early morning

Unfolding

Peak hour

During rain

Protests

Eviction

Cleaning

Seasonal festivities

Examples of outdoor extensions to stores,workshops,cefes,and mosques through the usage of objects to informally demarcate ares of territorial claims.

2013 CLUSTER CONTEXT:Cairo Urban Revolution

In Egypt,a disenfranchised urban majority took to the streets and demanded their right to the city.At the outset of the second decade of the twenty-first century,Cairo exhibits three definitive socio-spatial conditions and trajectories of urbanization.They are:1)a deteriorating urban core;2) encroaching informal settlements;and 3)new desert developments.

The pyisical proximity of the formal and informal areas and limitations on access to already insufficient public services available in the latter accentuate an awareness of the asymmetrical nature of these disparate living conditions.In addition to the inequalities present in urban conditions,public policy and official discourse directed at informal urban development have compounded the sense of marginalization and exclusion,leaving the vast majority of the Cairo's residents with little recourse to address an escalating sense of frustration and discontent.

PURPOSE:

Archiving the City in Flux offers a preliminary account of the city as it evolved in this period,focusing primarily on public space,and the relevance of politics on the ground to an ephemeral and fastchaning order.

METHODOLOGY:

The project seeks to create an archive to capture the transient conditions characterizing the comtemporory moment.The first stage of research focused on the production of an index of the geographical,temporal and typlogical dimensions of informal practice in public spaces.

Changing pattern of steet vendors’setuo during daily.weekly and seasonal events.

CONCLUSIONS AND GUILDELINES:

- Street vendors furniture and setup; - Alternative street profiles; - Spaces adapted over a period of time between multiple uses(i.e.,prayer extensions,coffe shops,store extensions) - Informal roadside development guidelines.

PASSSAGEWAY DESIGN CASE STUDY Cairo Downtown Passageways: Cairo Urban Initiatives Platform: http://cuip. clustermappinginitiative.org/en Omar Nagati & Beth Stryker, Archiving the City in Flux. Cairo’s Shifting Urban Landscape since the January 25th Revolution (Cairo: CLUSTER, 2013).

CAIRO DOWNTOWN PASSAGES —— KODAK PASSAGE

CHARACTERISTIC:

ENDEAVOR: 2014 CLUSTER METHODOLOGIES:

- CLUSTER has been undertaking mapping, interviews and outreach as part of larger project on Downtown passageways as an alternative framework for development.

- CLUSTER has overseen the design development and implementation of these two schemes, emphasizing a more diverse, safer, and environmentally enhanced experience in the passgeways.

Kodak designed into a pedestrian park.

MOTIVATION:

Exploring the network of Cairo’s Downtown passages. This pilot project seeks to promote a more diverse, inclusive, and accessible public space downtown.

- Kodak Passage is a linear space flanked by a U-shape building that is mostly empty as many of the surrounding shops surrounding are either empty or have low streettraffic.

- The indoor spaces flanking Kodak offer an opportunity for pilot art and cultural programs that may potentially spill over the passage integrating all premises and engaging these programs with wider public.

PARTICIPATION PROJECT STUDY

LEARNING FROM SPATIAL AGENCY

THE REUNION PUBLIC HOUSE

# SPATIAL AGENCY

Southwark Lido in London, 2012

AGENT/S OF CHANGE: - Exyzt Collective (Paris) - LAKE ESTATE(essential support ) STAKEHOLDERS INVOLVED: - House owner/ Residents -Craftman

WHY?

- Appropriation - Dissemination - Empowerment - Networking - Subversion

- Knowledge - Organisation - Physical relations - Social relations

- Ecological - Humanitarian - Pedagogical - Political - Professional

# URBAN DESIGN OF PARTICIPATION # PARTICIPATION METHODOLOGY AND SPATIAL AGENCY APPLIED IN BUILDING PROVISIONAL MANIFESTO FOR INCLUSIVE PUBLIC SPACES IN JOHANNESBURG - Integrated strategic plan,considering the whole design process; - Effective and participatory practice.

1 .WHO? T E I N ITI A

Change before

Government Organization Desiners Investors

HOW?

WHO?

Students Workers Homeless Vendors Residents Visitors

BUILDING INCLUSIVE PUBLIC SPACE

4. U S E HOW? bar/kitchen and the dining area

The secret garden/Sauna and dining-drinking area

- Races communicatin - Use space - Economic and social outcome

E &P TI C A C WHO?

Government Organization Students DesinersResidents Investors Workers Homeless Vendors

HOW? - Arrangement - Participation

PARTICIPATION PROJECT STUDY SPATIAL AGENCY RESEARCH http://www.exyzt.org http://www.spatialagency.net/

- Networking - Emporment - Participation

I C I P A TI O

WHO?

Students Workers Homeless Vendors Residents Visitors

HOW?

RT

B LI C S P A PU

The room-capsules for overnight guests/ entrance ramp/the pool

Government Organization Desiners Investors Users

3. P R A

5.

2

E

N

Craftman

WHO?

- Guiding the public recognise the public life; - Inviting the public participating in building public spaces; - Encouraging different groups to sharing their comments of building public spaces.

LA N NIN

The room-capsules for overnight guests/entrance ramp/the pool

PR O BL

- Appropriation - Dissemination

G

W

HOW?

.P

FI N D N E

- Feedback collection - Improvement

CE

OPERATIONS: With the essential support of LAKE ESTATE.EXYZT gathered a broad range of people to deliver a self produced and self managed collective act of architecture and a place open to everyone in the heart of Southwark.

Furniture, rooms, the sauna, everything in the ‘public house’ was built by the collective.

A building permission was required and issued for its temporary use but ultimately the collective got together, designed and built it. The reUNION is an hand crafted architecture where the craftsman is highly associated in the final aspect of each built elements. Those additions made evident that the people involved truly enjoyed themselves and left their mark.

WHERE?

M

MOTIVATIONS: - Ethical:Public House Inspired by the playful aspects in the history of the public houses, the reunion was an outdoor place where public house is hospitable and open for all beyond the idea of a pub’.

- Political: In the heart of southwark where most of the built is occupied by office activities supported to let a more human vision being experimented to create a vision for a long term development with Lake estate.

- Ecological:all the wood that was used was going to be recycled when the place closed down.

- Professional: Apart from the overall arrangement and aesthetics of the space that was beautiful in a simple and effective way, pop-up restaurants, bars, shops etc exist in order to take advantage of the financial opportunity that presents itself within the intense urban environment.

HOW?

WHY DID WE CHOOSE FLEXIBILITY? Backgroud rearch

Design theory/ Case study

Reflection on Juta street

Manifesto

RESEARCH JUHANNESBURG - Rooting Juta Street in the context; - Understaning Juta Street in comprehensive perspective; - There is a relationship between social security quality of life and urban environment.

SOCIAL CONTEXT

INCLUSIVE AND EXCLUSIVE PUBLIC SPACES

-Migration; - Confilict between Colonial And Modernist; - Conflicting Desires.

RESEARCH THE POWER OF TEMPORORY USE

SOCIAL

PROBLEMS

- Unemployment; - Rise in crime rates and urban security; - Lack of communication between different cultures and groups; - Street vendors and homeless.

PASSSAGEWAY DESIGN CASE STUDY

Uban

Environment

- Lack of inclusive public spaces; - Lack of connection between unformal and formal places;

SPATIAL AGENCY STUDY PARTICIPATION PROJECT STUDY

- Whose public space; - Public space play a signifucant role in the life of city everwhere; - The difinition of inclusive and exclusive public spaces; - Reasons of exclusive public spaces.

- The power of temporary use; - The potentials of formal and informal;

- Street vendors furniture and setup; - Alternative street profiles; - Spaces adapted over a period of time between multiple uses(i.e.,prayer extensions,coffe shops,store extensions) - Informal roadside development guidelines.

- Space design combine with the besides buidings; - Engaging with wider process.

- Who could participation in the urban design; - How do public participate in the urban design process.

INCLUSIVE PUBLIC SPACE PRINCIPLE PROMOTES THE COMMINICATION BETWEEN DIVERSE SOCIAL GROUPS. - Open; - Identity; - Accessible; - Flexible; - Functional; - Aesthetic; - Public; - Public involving.

- Safe; - Open;

CULTIVATING TEMPORARY USE STRATEGIES FOR ACTION: - Enable - Initiate - Claim - Coach - Formalize - Towards a user-based urbanism

GUILDING THE ARRANGMENT OF THE STREET VENDORS; REFERENCE TANGIBLE SPATIAL DESIGN; PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT

PARTICIPATION METHOD OF URBAN DESIGN CHOULD GET A INCLUSIVE PUBLIC SPACE

FORMAL AND INFORMAL IN JUTA STREET

POTENTIALS -Formal/ Commercial and bussiniess atmosphere; - Diversity people ; - Students facilitate vitality; - High income people have higher demands ; - Informal economy; - Informal and formal cultural generators; - Abundant building forms and skyline.

PROBLOMS - Conflicting movement; - Exclusive the formal and the informal.

flexible Users

• Safety • Walkable space • Activities • Function of Space • Vehicular access • Age groups

FLEXIBLE PUBLIC SPACE

flexible Time

WHY DID WE CHOOSE FLEXIBILITY? - We wanted to create a space that could be easily adapted in different situations depending on the factors of users, time & space We believed that Juta street had the potential to transform in to a flexible urban space - Explaining Flexibility Adaptable spaces Multi-use Accessible by different peopl

MANIFESTO OF FLEXIBILITY (Image drawn by:Ruixuan Feng)

• Governance • Participation • Different racial groups • Age groups • Walkable space • Activities • Accessible space

• 24 Hours availability • Function of space • Safety • Activities • Vehicle access

flexible Space

STRATEGIES OF FLEXIBILITY MOVEMENT

FUNCTION

SPACE

CULTURE&ACTIVITY

CURRENTLY

Car priority district

Uncontinuous Pedestrian

East/west connection is characteristic by changing quality

Reduce vehicular traffic dominance

Clear pedestrian network

Create good quality street and identity

Highly accessible district

Some qualitified commercial funtion but insufficient public function

Improve original funtion

Core role of temporary use

PARTICIPATION

PARTICIPATION

Few greening space

Deprived public space and no sense of public space

Lack of pausing and Walking SPACE

Different needs are not reflected in the public space

Several areas are only used for single activiy

Government lead planning

Useless facilities

As green as park

Diversity public space for all

Walk around and stop over

Creative varied activities meet all needs

Varied activities during the day and all the year

Inviting participation for all of the groups

Creating effective facilities with public

Meet different users' needs, perception and expection

Inviting built environment

24 hours/4 seasons vibrant activities

Practical implement and governance

PROPOSED

INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTION TO GROUP WORK PROVISIONAL MANIFESTO FOR INCLUSIVE PUBLIC SPACES IN JOHANNESBURG - Organizing the structure of the poster; - Analysis the social problems in Johanneburg; - Research the relationship between urban security,quality of life and uban environment; - Analysis of the process of participation; - Organizing group work; - Presentation.

MANIFESTO OF FLEXIBILITY STRATEGY OF FLEXIBILITY - Making structure of the problems and poteintials in Juta street - Research the definition of flexibility; - Research the strategies of flexibility; - Writing and explain the key guildlines of each strategies; - Analysis strategy of mobility; - Analysis strategy of mobility; - Concept msterplan; - Preliminary tangible spatial design - Analysis of the process of participation; - Organizing group work; - Presentation.

DEVELOPMENT OF STRATEGY OF FLEXIBILITY - Arrangement the feedback from teacher and the social network; - Making new structute of the poster; - Redefing the meaning of flexibility; - Development of strategies of mobility and space; - Development masterplan; - Organizing group work; - Presentation.

SPATIAL DESIGN OF FLEXIBILITY - Design the space of flexibility; - Design a flexible entrnce with detial design and 3D model; - Analysis the flexible square from tangible spatial and social perspective.

1 BALANCE VEHICULAR AND PEDESTRIAN FUNCTIONS TRANSPORTATION PLAN 0

FLEXIBLE ROAD

Public entrance

TIME USAGE OF FLEXIBLE ROAD

Car

People [ WORK DAY/afther work time ] + [ WEEKEND DAY ] + [ HOLIDAY ]

More usage

More usage

Medium usage

Medium usage

Less usage

Less usage

9:00-16:00

SEMIPUBLIC

16:00-19:00

FLEXIBLE ROAD

19:00-22:00

PUBLIC

Flexible road

Roof parking

50

100M

Slowly driving areas

FLEXIBLA PARKING MANAGEMENT

[ WORK DAY/work time ]

6:00-9:00

Semi-public space

25

22:00-6:00

6:00-9:00

SEMIPUBLIC

9:00-16:00

SEMIPUBLIC

16:00-19:00

FLEXIBLE ROAD

19:00-22:00

PUBLIC

• Well developed underground or overgroud parking and public transportation system • Accommodate the automobile • Parking - enough, but not too much!

• Phased parking from surface lots to structures • Smaller parking lots • Bicycle parking

22:00-6:00

COMMERCIAL STREET

SEMIPUBLIC

Existing parking

Proposing/Buildings roof parking COMMERCIAL STREET

2.5m

3.0m

3.0m

Section of Juta street 1

11.0m

2.5m

Car slowly driving with pedestrian

2.5m

3.0m

3.0m

Section of Juta street 2

11.0m

Pedestrian only (car prohibited)

DESIGN GUILDLINES:

MOBILITY OF FLEXIBILITY

UNDERGROUND PARKING

2.5m

- Vehicular and pedestrian ways are designed to minimize points of conflict. Sidewalk and pathway routes have as few drive way or parking lot crossings as possible; - Effective distribution the usages of pedestrians and motor vehicles on the road, create a and flexible network life.

Existing parking

Proposing/Underground parking

From the existing analysis,the transportation of Juta Stree is dominated by Emoter vichles, on the other hand, the people' walking and cycling is mixed with the moter vichles.So the first strategy is to balance the vehicular and pedestrian functions. Basic on the analysis the time road usage of people and cars on workday and weekend. The primary proposal is a flexibal road which could be satisify the demands of cars and people'walking ,cycling. This strategy will improve the flexiblility and effiency.The flexible road is only 6 metres wide which would leave more public space for people'activites in the open public area in the center of Juta street.

2 CLEAR PEDESTRIAN NETWORK 3 CREATE GOOD QUALITY STREET AND IMPROVE IDENTITY [ PEDESTRIAN COULD BE PARKS, PLAZAS, SQUARES, OPEN SPACES, ACCESS CORRIDORS ]

DIVERSIFIED, LIVELY MIX USE CONCEPT 5.Corridor 4.Entrance feature

1.Plaza paving

2.1 Path with elevated tree beds

1/2

4

1/2

2.2 Pedestrian zone

3

1/2 5

5 3.Activity zones

5.Corridor

2.1 Path with elevated tree beds

1.Plaza paving

1/2

3

5

1/2

3.Activity zones

Pedestrian interrtupted

Pedestrian continiuity

1.Plaza paving

2.2 Pedestrian zone 1/2

5

3

4.Entrance feature

0

1.Plaza paving

25

50

100M

3.Activity zones

1/2 3/4

3.Activity zones

Public entrance Roof parking

3

Semi-public space Green/public space

Flexible road Slowly driving areas

SLOW VEHICLE DRIVING ----- CONTINIUITY& CONNECTION TO UNIVERSITY

DESIGN GUILDLINES:

PARK

JUTA STREET PARK

Underground pedestrian

Pedestrian priority street/ Slow vehicle driving

BRAAMFONTEIN GATE TO MEARSHALL TOWN Pedestrian connection

- FLEXIBLE LINK TO SURROUDING AREAS - CREATE CONVENIENT PEDESTRIAN CONNECTIONS Pedestrian Route Design Considerations: • short :Walking distances are short • continuous:Pedestrian connections are continuous • direct:Access is direct =Convenient - DIVERSIFIED, LIVELY MIX USE CONCEPT (PARKS, PLAZAS, SQUARES, OPEN SPACES, ACCESS CORRIDORS) - WALKABLE AND ENVIRONMENTAL-FRIENDLY PEDESTRIAN

A pedestrian-friendly street is visually interesting and makes walking enjoyable. Trees, landscaping, wide, separate sidewalks and on-street parking protect people from vehicle traffic and create a pleasant pedestrian zone. Benches provide places for people to rest and relax.

- ALL SEASONS DESIGN Where possible, pedestrian connections and transit waiting areas provide weather protection in the form of awnings, building projections and colonnades.

Ample enclosed shelters make waiting for walking more comfortable.

MOBILITY OF FLEXIBILITY

1 WALK AROUND AND STOPOVER

[ GUILDE THE GATHERING SPACES TO THE PARK ][ NOT ONLY IN THE STREET CORNER]

To create a flexible public space, firstly , Juta Street is noy only a pedestrian to walk but also a place for people to stay.The design of the walk path should basic on the research of people' footprint,which would related to the entrance of building. In the exiting of Juta street,there are some gathering places ,which are normally on the coners of street. In this design process, the idea is guilde people to the central public spaces of Juta street,shaing more dynamic spaces.

In addition,the central public squares and green speces would be more inclusive than the coner of street.

PEOPLE ACTIVITIES FOOTPRINT TO UNIVERSITY 0

COMMERCIAL

RESIDENTIAL

INDUSTRY

COMMERCIAL RESIDENTIAL

COMMERCIAL

SCHOOL

COMMERCIAL

COMMERCIAL

RETAIL COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL RESTAURANT

COMMERCIAL

RETAIL

RESTAURANT

Gathering places

RESTAURANT

COMMERCIAL

SCHOOL RESTAURANT RESTAURANT SCHOOL

25

50

RESTAURANT

COMMERCIAL RESTAURANT

People activities footprint

Building entrance

SPACE OF FLEXIBILITY CHARACTERISTIC SPATIAL DESIGN

Proposal path

Public parks

100M

2 AS GREEN AS THE PARKS 3 DIVERCITY KINDS OF PUBLIC SPACES MEET VARIOUS DEENS [ COMMERCIAL ] [ FESITEVEL ] [ ARTS ] [ LEISURE ] [ GREEN ] [ SPORT ] KEY FACTORS INFLUENCE THE TYPES OF PUBLIC SPACES: - The local and surrounding potential users of Juta street; - The buliding ffunctions besides Juta street.

STREET WOKER

Green Outdoor Activities

HOMELESS RESIDENTS

DIVERCITY KINDS OF PUBLIC SPACES TO UNIVERSITY 0

SINKING PARK COMMERCIAL

RESIDENTIAL

[ ENTRANCE ] [ SPORT ]

INDUSTRY

COMMERCIAL RESIDENTIAL

[ LEISURE ] [ COMMERCIAL ]

COMMERCIAL

SCHOOL

COMMERCIAL

COMMERCIAL

RETAIL COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL RESTAURANT

[ ART/RECREATION ] [ LEISURE ] [ FESITEVEL ] [ COMMERCIAL ] [ GREEN ]

COMMERCIAL

SCHOOL RETAIL

RESTAURANT

RESTAURANT

COMMERCIAL

[ TEMPORORY MARKET ] [ LEISURE ] [ COMMERCIAL ] [ LEISURE ]

RESTAURANT RESTAURANT SCHOOL

25

50

100M

RESTAURANT

COMMERCIAL RESTAURANT

[ GREEN ] [ GATE SQUARE ] [ ENTRANCE ]

DESIGN GUILDES： - Not only a place to pass through,but also a space to stay - As green as the parks; - Entrance atr meeting points; - Private-public balance ; - Buildings integrated with landscape; - Divercity kinds of public spaces; - Meet temporary usage.

SPACE OF FLEXIBILITY CHARACTERISTIC SPATIAL DESIGN

0

25

50

100M

1 2 3 4 5

Entrance and staking Semi-private garden Out side coffee Building corridor Park

6 7 8 9 10

Entrance Art gallary Park Corner square Outside coffee

11 12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19 20

Outside sitting Sinking outdoor theater Sinking park Outside restaurant Park

Park Corridor and coffe Market for street vendors Students recreation squares Outside coffee

21 Gate plaza 22 Entrance gathering

4 13

3

1

[ ENTRANCE ] [ SPORT ]

2

4

5

6

[ LEISURE ] [ COMMERCIAL ]

7

8

10 9

11

[ ART/RECREATION ] [ LEISURE ] [ COMMERCIAL ]

12

15

14

16

17

18

20 19

[ FESITEVEL ]

[ LEISURE ]

[ TEMPORORY MARKET ]

[ GREEN ]

[ COMMERCIAL ]

[ LEISURE ]

21

[ GATE PLAZA ]

CONCEPT MASTERPLAN

22

[ GREEN ] [ ENTRANCE ]

Based on flexible strategies mobility,spaces and participation proposal , the concept masterplan of Juta street shaped. From west to east will be a inclusive public spaces.Juta street will provide a range kinds of public spaces and activities,also promote the communicate between diffirent groups.

In addition,the flexible and effective organized spaces will decrease the confiliction between formal and informal.The high quality public space and 24 hours/4 seasons activities will attract more people here.

ENTRANCE SQUARE [ SPACE ]

[ PEOPLE ]

DIVERSITY USERS

1 WALK AROUND AND STOPOVER

Visitors

Workers

2 AS GREEN AS THE PARKS

TEMPORARY USE PLAY ENGAGE MEET COLLABOTATE

3 DIVERCITY KINDS OF PUBLIC SPACES MEET VARIOUS DEENS

Students

Temporary bisiness users

RESEARCH OF NEEDS OF USERS IN JUTA STREET: Resources

Outcome

Research daily life of people Local people /Social network from wordpress Previous design of 1:1 studio Leisure people

MAIN SKATEHOLDERS: Temporary bisiness users

Students

Workers

Students Workers Visitors Leisure people

Students Workers Visitors Leisure people

THINK TANK

OUTDOOR CAFE

THINK TANK HOTEL

SC

HO

MARTET

DETAIL DESIGN

CLUBS

AVENUE/OPEN AIR SHOW OUTDOOR CAFE

RE

STA

UR

OL

MARTET

AN

T

RE

STA

UR

AN

T

The east entrance of Juta street designed as a inclusive public square through the flexible strategy especially inviting the participation of the main skateholders. This entrance as a gate square in Breaanfontein will be used by diversiity people in diffirent time,morning to the evening.

The east of Juta street focus of significant neighborhood revitalization efforts.The commercial,retail and street vendors working generate opportunities in employment, housing, education, recreation, and safety to the neighborhood.

There also school and residential , so in juta street there are diversity users. Through organization the spaces,different social groups can find thier own place,although the closed spaces between them could provide communication oppotunities. It is possible to arrange the temporary market and timetable for the vendors. The officers could enjoy cafe and communication ,the students could find some spaces for studying and creation.

All of the space design and activities could be flexible and this need long-time arragement and previous effective design. The participation strategy and existing users reseach would help us to organize a more suitable usage of this place.

PEESPECTIVE OF DETAIL DESIGN

SPATIAL DESIGN OF JUTA STREET

ENTRANCE SQUARE

[ TIME/ 4 SEASONS ACTIVITIES ]

THINK TANK

MARkET

CLUBS

THINK TANK

AVENUE/OPEN AIR SHOW OUTDOOR CAFE

DETAIL DESIGN OF SUMMER

spring (SOURCE: http://www.sasaki.com/)

open air show biking sports leisure activities outside coffe thinking tank students competition

The entrance square design considers the temporary use of the space which will improve the usage efficiency of public space and also could meet diverse people. The market space will be changed into festival place in winter.

The outdoor cafe in summer will be changed into bonfires in winter.

SPATIAL DESIGN OF JUTA STREET

CLUBS CLUBS FESTIVAL

LIGHTING SHOW

BONFIRES

(SOURCE: http://www.sasaki.com/)

DETAIL DESIGN OF WINTER

summer

autumn

flow show open air show

flow show

leisure activities morning exercise outside coffe market thinking tank biking

leisure activities morning exercise outside coffe market thinking tank biking

open air show

winter festivel bonfires

ice sculpturing shopping

UNDERSTANDING JUTA STREET: A number of critical questions present in this project:How can methodical documentation and rigorous analysis help unravel the underlying strutures or characterictics of seemingly Juta street.How can the observations and informations gleaned in this manner be incorprated into the revision of planning codes and design standers that would acknowledge new conditions "on the groud"and sensitive to the needs and aspirations of large segments of society?What public space could satisfy the common demands of diffirent social groups?How to make a place of flexibility could used by diverse people in diffirent times or in a fixed time, how to happen more effective public activities for these peope?How to design or orgnize a temporary use of some public places and buildings? In short , how can we learn from formal and informal practices to promite more democratic and inclusive public space?

In this project, the current research aims at developing a body of knowledge that would contribute to codifying spaces of negotiation shared by multiple stakeholders.While this preliminary survey the power of temporaryr use,the inclusive and exclusive public spaces, learning from the formal and informal and the participation method used in the design process.All of these research and proposal contribute and guilde the tangible spatial design of Juta street.

1.Mobility of flexibility:Vehicular and pedestrian ways are designed to minimize points of conflict. Sidewalk and pathway routes have as few drive way or parking lot crossings as possible;Effective distribution the usages of pedestrians and motor vehicles on the road, create a safe and flexible network life.The weakness of the strategy is the pedestrian and the vehicular function still mixed sometimes.

2.Space of flexibility:Because the users of Juta Street are mixed and diversity, sometimes they have confilict interests.Through making diversity kinds of public spaces to satisfy various needs.For example, some public spaces are temporary market,which can be used by the street vendors;Some art and receation public spaces coule meet the needs of students and higher income residents here.The center snking park would be a park ane holiday fesitivel place.The identity of diffirent public spaces are influenced by the besides buildings are the users surrouding.The weakness of the strategy is that I did not think deeply of the detail of each space and it is hard to understanding the needs of the users from long distance design.

GROUP WORK: In the process of group research and design,we expect to use the manifesto of flexibility to design inclusive public space in Juta street.We realizethe potential of temporary use in Juta street and research the power temporary use from reference reading book.We consider the flexible public space could used by diverse people in different time,even in the fixed place ,there will some temporary use of the space by diffirent social groups.The preliminary proposal of public space in Juta street was using the flexibility manifesto guilding us design a inclusive public space which could promote the communication between the formal and the informal.So this public spaces shoule be a wie range of function used for workers,residen ts,students,higher-income residents,low-income residents,street vendors,homeless people.

However, the problem is to explain the meaning of flexiblility and research the strategy of flexibility.In the phase 1,the preliminary proposal of flexibility,we did not explain flexibility successfully,we made our plan expain the flexibility from 5 perspectives:mobility,function, space,activities and participation.Because every pattern of them incluve many factors,in the analysis process sometimes we analysis the pattern deeply but ignore the relationship between flexibility with them. So from the teachers'feedbak and and our reflection on flexibility ,in the phase 2 of proposal of flexibility ,we started with the definition of flexibility,the key point of flexibility in public space is convenient connection and accessibility, effective usage of space and improving participation in designhe this steet.

We defined the flexibility related wo space,users and time.And then analysis flexibility with our previous 5 patterns.

INADEQUACY: Taken together, the proposal of flexibility lay the ground for an effort to craft preliminary accounts of specifc components of alternative urban orders. With in the broader rubric of "the power of temprory use and the potential of informal.'each component raises critical questions challenging the hegemonic urban order,as well as complicating many of the common premises of acdemic discourse and professional practice related to urban development.At the same time they offer new directions towards the development of a more inclusive public space and urbanization justice.

We made a participation plan for the users and skateholders to involve in this project,the problem is we can not go to the site on the first hand experience ,we can not know the cultere,people life,urban characteristics,the needs of the users in this area deeply.Even we can research the site from internet and the previous design from 1:1studio and got few comments from the local people,which are detail suggestion,for example,they need some seats in Juta steet.

The outcome of the proposal and design with few cultural and social characterictics.Some of the teachers thought this public spaces could be in anywhere in the world,however,in this project, I suppose the most highlight points are the "the power of temprory use, the potential of informal and promoting the communicatin between diverse social groups."

The complex situation in Juta street generates a range of opportunities,such as the strong commercial atmpsphere,the diverse users ,the aboudant buildings and the skyline.etc. In the confined Juta street, the question is how to use the spac efficiently,so our design of this project is to design Juta street with flexible use and we consider few of the cultural and social characterictics.

However, we try o solve the main problem here,which is arranging the street vendors and also the inclusive public space meet the demands of the high-income users.

INDIVIDUAL WORK: In the whole process,I often made the struture of our work and the key principles of flexibility and cooperated with members to analysis evey patterns of flexibility.My main wokr is a analysis mobility,space of flexibility,Also ,I finished the concept masterplan and the entrance square design of Juta street.

Faced with rapidly shifting power ralation between high- income and low- income users,on the other hand, the formal and state and stat insitutions,on the oter,practitioners(architects and planers),acadamics and reseachers,and policy-and decision-makers have the opportunity to undertake the readings of the policital and urban landscape,and distill emerging patterns and potential innovations from apparent chaos.

CRITICAL REFLECTION

BOOKS: Geh,Jan. 2013.How to study public life.Washington : Island Press.

Mikoleit ,Ann. 2011.Urban code : 100 lessons for understanding the city.

Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press.

MADANIPOUR, Ali. 2010. Introduction. In: Whose Public Space? International Case Studies in Urban Design and Development, pp. 1-16.London: Routledge.

Oswalt ,Phi. 2013,Urban catalyst : the power of temporary use.

RIOS, Michael. 2008. Envisioning Citizenship: Toward a Polity Approach in Urban Design. Urban Design, 13(2), pp. 213-229.

Shaftoe,Hen.2008 Convivial urban spaces : creating effective public spaces.

London : Earthscan.

Resources from Local Studio & 1to1 Agency of Engagement : Walkable Braam: Visioning Charette； Braam Socio-Spatial Mapping； Braam Socio-Spatial Mapping: Summary ； Braam Street Video (1) Braam Street Video (2)

REFERENCES

WEBSITES: Research Joburg:http://www.urbanjoburg.com/ Research Joburg::www.gcro.ac.za / www.urbanjoburg.com CLUSTER Cairo lab for Urban Studies, Training, and Environmental Research: www.clustercairo.org Cairo Downtown Passageways: Cairo Urban Initiatives Platform: http://cuip.clustermappinginitiative.org/en Creative Cities. Re-framing Downtown: http://www.creativecitiescairo.org/ Omar Nagati & Beth Stryker, Archiving the City in Flux. Cairo’s Shifting Urban Landscape since the January 25th Revolution (Cairo: CLUSTER, 2013). Available at: http://issuu.com/clustercairo/docs/archiving_the_city_in_flux.

Omar Nagati, Beth Stryker & Magda Mostafa (eds.), Learning from Cairo: Global perspectives and Future Visions (Cairo: CLUSTER, 2013). Available at: http://issuu.com/clustercairo/docs/learning_from_cairo.

CLUSTER, Cairo Downtown Passageways: Walking Tour (Cairo: CLUSTER, 2015) Participation project study:http://www.Exyzt.Org Spatial agency research:http://www.spatialagency.net/