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T H E O L D E ST C O L L E G E DA I LY · FO U N D E D 1 8 7 8

NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT · THURSDAY, APRIL 11, 2013 · VOL. CXXXV, NO. 119 · yaledailynews.com

INSIDE THE NEWS MORNING EVENING

RAINY RAINY

51 47

CROSS CAMPUS

2013 FROZEN FOUR IN PITTSBURGH TWO WINS AWAY FROM AN NCAA CHAMPIONSHIP, THE ELIS ARE SET TO TAKE ON UMASS-LOWELL PAGE 10 SPORTS

Defining the Yale College ‘A’

Mayoral race funding disclosed

But did they remember to smile? Several Calvin Klein

models were spotted on Beinecke Plaza Wednesday afternoon, casually lounging about in Calvin Klein apparel as the wind swept through their perfectly manicured hair.

If the Yale Admissions Office is looking for a new recruiting strategy, this just may be it.

BY DIANA LI STAFF REPORTER

#swuggin’. A New York

Magazine piece published Wednesday investigated — in detail — the life of a Yale SWUG. The article was replete with interviews with members of this exclusive class and boiled down SWUG life into a simple, memorable line: “One last chance at youthful rebellion before the soft cushion of college is yanked out.”

Campaign filings for mayoral candidates due on Wednesday night offered first indications of how much money contenders for the city’s top government post have been able to raise.

By state law, all candidates were mandated to submit campaign finance reports on Wednesday night detailing their fundraising and spending to date.

According to these reports, Ward 10 Alderman Justin Elicker FES ’10 SOM ’10 is far in the lead, with $55,950 in private contributions.

This sum will grow to $94,000 when supplemented by funding from the Democracy Fund, New Haven’s public financing program for mayoral candidates.

“We hosted a bunch of fundraisers and lots and lots of phone calls, and I’m really happy about

JENNIFER CHEUNG/PHOTOGRAPHY EDITOR

Constant vigilance. In an email

sent to the Yale community Tuesday afternoon, Yale Police Chief Ronnell Higgins warned students of a “voyeurism” incident that took place on Old Campus the morning before. According to the email, someone had filmed an undergraduate student with what appeared to be a cellphone as she was showering. Higgins’ message hits especially close to home, as it is the first in recent memory regarding an incident on Old Campus.

Superstar. After guiding the

Yale men’s hockey team to its first Frozen Four in 61 years, head coach Keith Allain ’80 was named a finalist in the Spencer Penrose Award, an honor given to the best coach of the Division I men’s hockey season. Allain has boasted an overall record of 136–84–19 in his seven seasons at Yale.

Gun control. A bipartisan group of senators announced Wednesday afternoon that they had reached an agreement on background checks on purchases at gun shows and on the Internet, paving the way for a gun bill to reach the Senate floor. Connecticut Sen. Richard Blumenthal LAW ’73 has said that he will propose an amendment that would ban high-capacity magazines.

Party in style. The Yale College

Council is selling Spring Fling gear to help students rage fashionably for Macklemore.

Students who buy a piece of apparel will have the chance to win a backstage pass, and the winner will be announced the day before the concert. But if you’re not interested, don’t worry: You can always go thrift $hopping instead.

THIS DAY IN YALE HISTORY

1994 Tom Beckett is named Yale’s athletics director after serving as Stanford’s associate athletics director. Beckett, who coached former Yale baseball coach John Stuper in the mid1970s, was chosen from a field of over 100 candidates.

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Students voiced their concerns with the proposed grading reforms at a protest outside of the Yale College faculty meeting on April 4. read another.

BY JANE DARBY MENTON STAFF REPORTER For the first time in recent memory, students gathered outside a monthly Yale College faculty meeting to protest.

“Was Tolstoy a 97 or a 96?” read the hastily scrawled words on one student’s posterboard. “Yale is stressful enough,”

UPCLOSE Students stationed themselves outside Davies Auditorium, where the April 4 Yale College faculty meeting took place, to protest a variety of proposals to over-

haul Yale’s grading system, including the adoption of a 100-point grading scale and a recommended rubric of grade distributions. As professors and administrators filed into the auditorium, students distributed leaflets outlining their concerns about the proposals’ impact on student

SEE FUNDRAISING PAGE 5

SEE GRADES PAGE 4

Unlike most Ivies, Yale lacks ombudsman

BY CYNTHIA HUA STAFF REPORTER With Brown University currently considering proposals to appoint a campuswide ombudsperson — a neutral party that offers University members confidential guidance on campus and workplace problems — Yale may soon find itself one

of just two Ivy League schools without this sexual misconduct resource.

In 2011, the Advisory Committee on Campus Climate recommended the appointment of a campuswide ombudsperson as a means to improve sexual misconduct resources on campus. The only other Ivy League school that does not

ICE arrests hit state

offer an official ombudsperson is Dartmouth, which has an ombudsperson for nonfaculty employees. University President Richard Levin said administrators rejected the proposal in November 2011 to avoid complicating Yale’s current system of sexual misconduct response resources, and there are no current plans to

establish a University-wide ombudsperson’s office.

“There’s no strong prejudice against it. It just seemed like we had many avenues available,” Levin said. “I doubt that’s one of the issues I’ll take up in the last 11 weeks.”

The Advisory Committee’s report said if students do not use existing resources

to address instances of sexual misconduct, a campuswide ombudsperson’s office could provide a reporting option that is “confidential, neutral, [and] informal.” The option may be particularly important for graduate students because they often possess additional SEE OMBUDSMAN PAGE 5

Div School faces tight budget

BY NICOLE NAREA STAFF REPORTER While New Haven-based advocacy groups joined tens of thousands demanding comprehensive reform at the U.S. Capitol on Wednesday, Immigration Customs Enforcement officials continued arrests of undocumented immigrants across Connecticut.

In an operation that commenced Saturday, 27 undocumented immigrants, including two from New Haven, were taken into ICE custody. New Haven-based immigration attorney Glenn Formica, who described the arrests as a “massive sweep,” told the News that his office has recently witnessed an unusual uptick in calls from potential clients, many of whom have been arrested at their homes without any prior warning.

If someone makes one mistake and gets classified as an aggravated felon, there is little I can do for them as an immigration lawyer.

GLENN FORMICA New Haven-based attorney In a Tuesday release, ICE spokesman Ross Feinstein explained that the arrests SEE ICE PAGE 5

YDN

Divinity School Dean Gregory Sterling has pursued transparency while addressing the school’s $800,000 budget deficit.

BY ALEKSANDRA GJORGIEVSKA STAFF REPORTER The Divinity School’s $800,000 budget deficit has forced Divinity School Dean Gregory Sterling to put some of his plans for the school on hold.

Sterling, who came to the Divinity School in August 2012 after serving as dean of the University

of Notre Dame’s Graduate School, has been restructuring the school’s administration in an effort to make it operate in a more cost-effective way and has postponed some of his initial plans to focus on the deficit. The school’s budget deficit has hovered around $800,000 for the past three years after growing significantly following the onset of the recession in 2008. Though

Sterling said he has discussed the budget deficit with top University administrators including President-elect Peter Salovey and Provost Benjamin Polak, the Divinity School will have to remedy its financial situation primarily on its own because it is a self-supporting institution that does not depend SEE STERLING PAGE 5

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YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, APRIL 11, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

OPINION

.COMMENT “What's the need for all of this money?” yaledailynews.com/opinion

'JOEYOO' ON 'ELICKER CLAIMS PUBLIC FUNDS'

Welcome to Society should be an informed choice purgatory GUEST COLUMNIST CECILLIA XIE

T

he Puritans had an interesting turn of phrase — as is their wont: “The purging power of a higher affection.” While we may long for sinful things (gluttony, greed, women’s shins, etc.) the love of God has a crowding out effect, pushing such feelings from our hearts.

At Yale, we are no strangers to similar feelings of crowding out, even if not in a religious sense. We may want more dinners with suitemates or beers at Sullivan’s, but that additional extracurricular seems to push them from our week.

We may want some time with a good book or to play Friday IM Softball, but it often appears just one paper away.

To some credit, Yale students are pretty self-aware about this phenomenon. And while we recognize the “purging power of ambitious priorities” that comes with the territory, we are still able to pull ourselves back here and there.

This tension — amongst ambitions, expectations and enjoyments — can come quickly to the forefront next week, as we welcome (read: recruit) the prospective Class of 2017. As hundreds of varied extracurricular groups descend, we see one of Yale’s most vibrant qualities in full force: It is a campus organically distinct, joined in the elective passions of its students.

What emerges is the sentiment we have all heard and internalized: Yale is all things to all people. And, especially compared to other universities, this is largely true. While one could crudely paint with broad strokes the archetypal Harvard or Duke student, one is hard pressed to do the same with a Yale student. (Perhaps with the exception of Nantucket Red shorts.) There is an inescapable cultural ethos here that almost uniquely allows for innumerable nooks and crannies where everyone, eventually, will be able to find themselves.

With this in mind, though, we see how Bulldog Days is not just a time for high school seniors. It is also a quietly evocative moment for us already here who recall (at least to ourselves) that the picture we paint of Yale is not entirely whole. There is another side to the coin — one that is far from as pleasant, and much harder to talk about.

Our time here is sometimes lonely. It is much harder to acknowledge, to ourselves let alone to others, the powerful moments of isolation that come when Yale is all things to all people except for me.

Campus mores and expectations almost force us to meander inconspicuously along this

path with a crisp smile; but there is not one person who does not remember privately losing such HARRY a grin.

This may GRAVER be the most c o n fo u n d Gravely ing eleMistaken ment of our school, particularly for those of us who have been here for a bit. It is something we all know exists and it is even something we share when we finally let our guard down with our closest friends, or we catch a glimmer of when listening to a stranger.

Despite an attempt to label it — loneliness, uncertainty, self doubt — it is tough to put our finger on the feeling that undergirds our time here. In the end, it serves as a baffling, almost illegible footnote to the account of our general happiness.

At its lowest form, it feels like limbo. We shift aimlessly around, unsure even if this is the right place to be. But eventually — for some already and for the rest soon — the gift of hindsight allows us to see that it is, rather, purgatory. Yale is our crucible wherein we endure the grueling process of transformation.

Ultimately, there becomes some part of us, whatever previously unknown vice or fault, that becomes both deeply unrecognizable and profoundly revealing. This maturation is brutal, but the most important part of our time here, both in its conversionary quality as well as its guiding nature for the years afterwards.

The most beautiful thing, though, is the stunning spectrum of how our peers and friends respectively realize that the sunrise is on the horizon. Things will just click. One of my good friends finds his light at the end of the tunnel in fifteen minutes of a perfect Cello solo. Another is striking out a hulking batter from another Ivy. All under the same roof.

Next week, as April couples itself with the campus zeal of Bulldog Days, it is nearly impossible not to think back on our time at Yale so far, be it our first year or last. And as we meet countless prospective students, we should welcome them to the greatest college on earth; but also, while at it, to purgatory.

MANAGING EDITORS Gavan Gideon Mason Kroll

SPORTS Eugena Jung John Sullivan

ONLINE EDITOR Caroline Tan OPINION Marissa Medansky Dan Stein NEWS Madeline McMahon Daniel Sisgoreo CITY Nick Defiesta Ben Prawdzik CULTURE Natasha Thondavadi

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ONL. BUSINESS. MANAGER Yume Hoshijima ONL. DEV. MANAGER Vincent Hu MARKETING & COMM. MANAGER Brandon Boyer

BUSINESS DEV. Joyce Xi

ILLUSTRATIONS Karen Tian LEAD WEB DEV. Earl Lee Akshay Nathan

COPY Stephanie Heung Emily Klopfer Isaac Park Flannery Sockwell

THIS ISSUE COPY STAFF: Nathalie Levine PRODUCTION STAFF: Jennifer Lu

EDITORIALS & ADS

The News’ View represents the opinion of the majority of the members of the Yale Daily News Managing Board of 2014. Other content on this page with bylines represents the opinions of those authors and not necessarily those of the Managing Board. Opinions set forth in ads do not necessarily reflect the views of the Managing Board. We reserve the right to refuse any ad for any reason and to delete or change any copy we consider objectionable, false or in poor taste. We do not verify the contents of any ad. The Yale Daily News Publishing Co., Inc. and its officers, employees and agents disclaim any responsibility for all liabilities, injuries or damages arising from any ad. The Yale Daily News Publishing Co. ISSN 0890-2240

NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT

THE SENIORS CARE ABOUT THE GROUP THEY’RE CREATING Juniors need to take societies off of the artificial pedestal that they’ve created in their minds.

The tap process is not a substitute for validation in other arenas of life. What is commonly overlooked is the fact that tap is a two-way matching process — juniors have a say in which society they want to be a part of as well. It is easy to get caught up in wanting to be in a society for the sake of the “Yale experience,” but that initial incandescent desire will quickly fade come senior year if one chooses a society that is a poor fit.

Every year, there are rising

seniors who join societies that are not a good fit for them. Their expectations, values or personalities are at odds with the rest of the group’s. Being in a society can be a great experience, but being in one is also not a guarantee of … well, anything.

Committing two nights of your week to the wrong group of people, just for the sake of being in a society, takes away from time that could be spent engaging in activities that you already do and will continue to care about: your thesis, extracurricular activities, time with friends or a Yale bucket list crusade. It is very possible that joining a society that is not necessarily right could detract from the wonderful senior year experience that you would have had otherwise, sans society. Don’t just drink the society Kool-Aid. That being said, the interviews and deliberations involved in the tap process are far from mere exercises of power and vanity. Why do seniors put in so much effort during the tap process when they could more easily pick people randomly via Yale Facebook to fill a class? Clearly, there is something more at play here.

Clearly, the seniors care about the group that they are trying to create. Clearly, the seniors have gotten something positive out of the society experience that they wish to pass on to the future class.

Friendships can’t be preordained, but the circumstances under which friendships flourish can be encouraged. Through bios, late-night discussions and discovering surprising connections with people whom you otherwise would never have met, the society experience is not a completely broken model. Imperfect and flawed at times, yes — but not completely broken.

Tonight, bevies of costumed juniors will wander around campus in search of their tap class, and masked and hooded seniors watch closely the culmination of weeks of labor. The fanfare surrounding societies makes it easy to forget the true value of society in the first place — to form lasting and meaningful friendships during one’s last year at Yale, which can occur with or without society.

CECILLIA XIE is a senior in Trumbull College. Contact her at cecillia.xie@yale.edu .

Lost iron ladies W

hen I picked up the News on Monday morning at breakfast, I was disappointed at the announcement of the Yale College Council Executive Board candidates. Out of the 11 candidates, there is only one woman in the running for next year’s positions, with no female candidates running for either President or Vice President. On the current YCC Council, women are still in the minority, filling only two out of six in executive board positions and six out of 24 college representative positions — an average of around 27 percent participation. In my time at Yale, there will not be a female President of the YCC. Our future University president and provost will also both be male. Given the profusion of smart, competent and ambitious women on campus, I felt betrayed in a weird way by this gender imbalance. What else could be blamed for the lopsided state of leadership other than a system that puts women at a disadvantage? How could it be that at Yale, my Yale, an environment could persist where women are encouraged, in Sandberg-speak, to lean out instead of in?

When I called my dad to complain, he responded with an excellent question: If I felt so strongly, why didn’t I run?

“Because seniors never hold positions,” I responded quickly.

“Obviously.” He asked again — this time about the year before.

My retort came slower. “I was in Paris for the semester, I couldn’t!” Glaring lack of political acumen aside, it was surprisingly hard to admit that I had never even considered a run for a YCC position.

With the passing of Margaret Thatcher, I think it’s appropriate to take a minute and review the state of women in government.

Back when Margaret butted heads with the boys — with not a hair out of place in her coiffed auburn helmet — hostilities toward female political leaders were much more open. Thatcher was vilified, critiqued for her physical appearance and constantly fought discrimination as the only woman in a house full of men. A lack of mentorship and the persistence of double standards still challenge women in government today, but our generation has it much easier than our mothers did. We have role models to look up to — the hon-

esty of women like Anne-Marie Slaughter gradually advances conversations on feminism and achievement. The News even tackled this issue on campus in an article written by Emily Foxhall in September 2011.

But let’s return to the lack of female candidates in the YCC elections. Why is our representation in student government so low? I would argue that the problem is not a system that actively disadvantages women, but a culture that does too little to show that female involvement in government, even student government, is not just an option but a priority. We can increase visibility; alter the vocabulary that we use. While I bemoan the inequality of representation in the U.S. Congress, with less than 20 percent of representatives being women, running for office myself is an idea that still seems totally foreign and unfeasible. To borrow a term from chemistry, the activation energy for civic involvement seems much too high.

But for whatever reason, at Yale and in Congress, women continue to be drawn away from entering representative government. This is why the lack of

female YCC candidates should serve as a wake up call to anyone at Yale who identifies as a feminist. It’s clear we need to do more to encourage a tradition of women in government at the college level, for if we cannot convince ourselves to run for YCC representative, how can we hope to ever talk ourselves into running for senator, or President?

It’s too late for the Class of 2014 to run for YCC President, but many of us will eligible to run for President of the United States by the 2028 elections, and for state and local levels of government much earlier. In the years to come, I’ll be pressing myself to seriously consider running for office — or at least as seriously I would consider a career as a professor or as a CEO. I encourage my peers to do the same, and moreover I’ll be counting on voting for one of my female classmates at some point in the future. After all, in the words of the Iron Lady herself, “If you want something done, ask a woman.”

EMILY HONG is a junior in Pierson College. Contact her at emily.hong@yale.edu .

GUEST COLUMNIST JOHN AROUTIOUNIAN

Death with decency

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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Liliana Varman

Receiving or not receiving a tap is by no means a judgment of character or value, regardless of how much juniors may believe it to be so in the midst of the hurricane tap process.

G U E S T C O L U M N I S T E M I LY H O N G

HARRY GRAVER is a junior in Davenport College. Contact him at harry.graver@yale.edu .

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EDITOR IN CHIEF Tapley Stephenson

F

or the past few weeks, I have been eating, breathing and sleeping the society tap process. No, I’m not a junior — I’m a Tap Chair.

With Tap Night fast approaching, society tap has become everyone’s favorite twisted fascination at Yale. As with all things, I’ve had to take the good with the bad.

Throughout the tap process, I’ve had the pleasure of meeting many wonderful, talented and unique juniors. Throughout the past two weeks, however, I’ve also had the misery of dealing with the crazy, hectic and flat-out stressful tap matching process. Although I cannot speak for every society out there, I can say this: As a senior in a society, I am truly sorry for what society tap has largely become.

At first glance, it can seem like there is a significant power imbalance in the process, but it sucks for the seniors in societies, too. We hate it. We hate the elements of arbitrariness inherent in the interviews, the stress that it creates for the junior class. We hate not being able to extend taps to all of the individuals we loved due to space constraints or trying to avoid established friendships.

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Direct all letters, columns, artwork and inquiries to: Marissa Medansky and Dan Stein Opinion Editors Yale Daily News opinion@yaledailynews.com

COPYRIGHT 2013 — VOL. CXXXV, NO. 119

W

hen the apartheid government of South Africa banned Shirley Jackson’s famous short story “The Lottery” only a few years following the end of World War II, the novelist was proud: “They, at least, understood the story,” her husband recalled her saying.

Her admonition that blindly followed routine can cause unrecognized injustice led people from small towns across America to cancel their subscriptions to The New Yorker in droves. They hadn’t understood. She was, after all, insulting their morality — their basic ability to distinguish between good and bad. Of course people could distinguish between their base instincts and justice, they thought.

In Jackson’s fictional town, a selected person is annually sacrificed at the altar of the community. But can tradition actually ever be so vile? Can evil really be carried out unconsciously in places that feel so safe?

This week brought the sad news of the death of former Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, and the tragic, untimely suicide of American pastor Rick Warren’s son. The former was 87; the latter, 27. As responses to the news

came in, I felt that sick pang in the stomach that accompanied finishing “The Lottery” for the first time. It’s a feeling I can only recall on two other occasions: when televised crowds gathered in front of the White House, chanting “USA” over the killing of Osama bin Laden, and when the news first broke of protests at funerals of soldiers. Here were examples of the celebration of death — joy from others’ pain. Here were functioning members of society reverting to perhaps one of the most primordial emotions characteristic to man: the desire to see someone suffer or be stomped into the ground in exchange for their perceived misdeeds. Perhaps we refuse to pick up the stones ourselves, like Shirley Jackson’s characters or the societies that still condone stoning as a means of punishment — but are we any more consistent or morally upstanding if we’re standing in the sidelines, cheering death on? How are we any better than the audiences at gladiatorial exhibitions?

Man is more than the sum of his parts. He is more than his biological tendencies. It is no surprise that when we see or hear about humans acting in ways cor-

responding to their animal-like instincts, we often get the very disconcerting sense that what is being done is actually inhuman — for it is the gap between that animal self and who we are that constitutes our nature as human beings, distinct from other animals.

This is precisely why the death penalty, a relic of our primordial past, is quickly being dispensed with. It is why infanticide, in all its forms, will also eventually disappear. But we haven’t adequately stomped out the phenomenon of celebrating the deaths and sufferings of others. I was reminded of this every time I heard a friend say, just this week, that they were “dancing in the streets” when they heard Baroness Thatcher had died. I was reminded of it every time I saw pictures of young people in England drinking on the day of her death. I shuddered when I read that many people were mocking the beliefs of Rick Warren while he grieved for his son.

And I did not know what to say when I heard a student say he was happier at Thatcher’s death than bin Laden’s. How can death ever be anything but a time to grieve?

If the death involved someone with injustice in his or her past,

whatever your locus for measuring injustice might be, is the cause for grief not even greater? Ought we do nothing other than mourn that, on the occasion of their death, there is so little to celebrate about how they lived?

Distance fosters alienation.

Media, which creates social distance, only adds to alienation. It is easy, then, to come to think of those we hate as symbols, as ideas and not as people. They become merely the channels of our frustration, of our hate and anger. We do not come to terms with ourselves or our station in life, and we continue to cultivate a very inhuman seed in our hearts that allows us to ignore the humanity of people whose actions we disagree with or cannot comprehend. In celebrating the deaths of those we judge to have carried out evil, we add to alienation, to disconnection, to a loss of empathy in ourselves and in civil society at large.

In fact, we make carrying out evil all the more routine.

After all, the lottery happens every year.

JOHN AROUTIOUNIAN is a sophomore in Jonathan Edwards College. Contact him at john.aroutiounian@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, APRIL 11, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 3

NEWS

“Never be bullied into silence. Never allow yourself to be made a victim. Accept no one’s definition of your life; define yourself.”

HARVEY FIERSTEIN TONY AWARD-WINNING ACTOR AND PLAYWRIGHT

Political Science to change BA/MA

BY STEPHANIE TOMASSON CONTRIBUTING REPORTER One of Yale’s most popular majors, political science, may increase the math requirements for its BA/MA program.

The BA/MA program in political science, which typically admits one to three juniors each year, has previously only required interested students to write a proposal and provide one professor recommendation to apply and to take one graduate-level statistics course once admitted. Under the new requirements, students would need to maintain an A or A- in every political science course, complete the BA portion of the major without a senior thesis by the end of junior year and submit two letters of recommendation to apply. After enrollment, students would be required to complete two graduate-level statistics courses and two core graduate classes.

Political Science Director of Graduate Studies Gregory Huber said in an email that the BA/MA program is undergoing changes because the distinction between the BA/MA program and the undergraduate major has not been clear enough.

“The MA [half of the BA/MA] program is designed to introduce students to graduate level work in political science,” he said. “Because graduate work is research oriented, the [BA/MA] program is also research oriented.”

Huber said he believes the changes will emphasize the graduate element of the program, helping students partake in more rigorous research-oriented graduate work. Last year, the program admitted fewer BA/MA students than it has in the past — a trend that is likely to continue after the changes have been implemented, he added.

Political Science Director of Undergraduate Studies David Cameron said in an email that he does not yet know when the changes will be implemented because the department has not heard back from the Committee on the Simultaneous Award of the Bachelor’s and Master’s Degrees about their approval, adding that he is unsure whether the program itself would continue.

Stacey Chen ’13, who is currently enrolled in the program, said she has enjoyed her experience because she has had the opportunity to take more advanced seminars than in the undergraduate program. The changes “make sense” for students who want to pursue

YALE ALUMNUS TALKS SECOND NOVEL

a Ph.D. in political science after graduation, she said, because the new program — and particularly the additional statistics requirements — would encourage students to conduct deeper analysis.

“Most graduate research calls for more tangible analysis than the undergraduate program,” Chen said. “It does pose a problem for people who are not mathematically inclined, but the statistics classes that you take are essential in graduate study even for people not particularly interested in math.”

Because graduate work is research oriented, the [BA/ MA] program is also research oriented.

GREGORY HUBER Director of graduate studies, Political Science Department Andrew Connery ’13, another political science BA/MA candidate, said he thinks the new requirements would make the program more selective, but students enrolled in it would be more committed to graduate work in the field.

“It might make it more difficult to get into the program, but I don’t necessarily think that is a bad thing — people should be sure in wanting to study political science if they are getting a Master’s in it,” he said. “It is a different experience and commitment.”

Students who are less interested in pursuing the quantitative aspect of political science and more interested in policy should undertake graduate work in an area such as humanities or history, Connery added, because a Master’s degree in political science is by definition research-driven.

Both Chen and Connery said they naturally fulfilled the new requirements, so they think those who apply to the program would already be inclined toward a rigorous academic commitment to political science.

Yale College and the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences also asked all departments that offer BA/MA degrees to reevaluate their programs this year.

Contact STEPHANIE TOMASSON at stephanie.tomasson@yale.edu .

New Haven struggles with inequality, says NAACP

BY MONICA DISARE STAFF REPORTER A March report from the Greater New Haven branch of the NAACP criticizing “Urban Apartheid” in New Haven has community advocates talking about ways to improve the educational and economic prospects for minorities in the Elm City.

The report cited statistics such as a 40 percent gap between the reading performance of white and African-American New Haven students as proof of its claim. Representatives from the NAACP say these numbers show the need for action to help an increasingly marginalized lower class, though their reactions to Yale’s role in combating minority inequality in New Haven were mixed.

“I do think there could be much more focus on those who have the least,” said James E. Rawlings, the president of the Greater New Haven branch of the NAACP. “There’s not a proportionate commitment based on the depth of the needs in urban America, and in this case it just happens to be New Haven.”

Those involved in the NAACP said they were not surprised by the results of the study and hope that the report will call attention to city minority inequality. Besides educational disparities, the report cited economic inequality — according to the document, the unemployment rates for women and men who are African-American or Hispanic were at least 8 percentage points higher than their white counterparts in 2011. Additionally, a 2009 report by Connecticut Voices for Children showed that the median net wealth of a minority-headed household in Connecticut was 65 times lower than the net wealth of non-minority-headed households. Rawlings said that while the minority socioeconomic gap has narrowed over the past 100 years, the divide between the rich and the poor has increased recently.

James P. Comer, professor of child psychiatry at the Yale University School of Medicine’s Child Study Center, said education is a key area that needs to be improved to decrease the gap between the rich and the poor. The problem with reforming edu-

cation lies in a basic lack of understanding about the childhood development process, Comer said. Educating a child takes more than academics — it is a holistic process that includes exposure to experiences and skills, he added.

NAACP officials showed only mixed support looking at Yale’s role in remedying the “Urban Apartheid” in New Haven. Rawlings said that Yale has helped New Haven significantly, but that the achievement gap could be further decreased through a more collaborative effort between the city and the University. Comer said that Yale, along with other educational institutions, could do a better job of finding solutions to the core problems of urban education.

There’s not a proportionate commitment based on the depth of the needs in urban America, and in this case it just happens to be New Haven.

JAMES E. RAWLINGS President, NAACP Greater New Haven branch The Yale branch of the NAACP is also involved in New Haven outreach. In the fall, the Yale chapter helped launch voting drives and joined in the protests following the Trayvon Martin case, said Arziki Adamu ’13, the president of the Yale undergraduate chapter of the NAACP. She added that while the Greater New Haven branch of the NAACP is focused on New Haven residents specifically, the Yale chapter emphasizes energizing city youth and Yale’s campus around minority issues.

According to the report, students who do not read proficiently and who are also living in lower-income families are 13 times less likely to graduate.

Contact MONICA DISARE at monica.disare@yale.edu .

BLAIR SEIDEMAN/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

‘ODDS AGAINST TOMORROW’ RELEASED APRIL 2 Novelist Nathaniel Rich ’02 spoke at a Calhoun Master’s Tea. Rich, a former editor of The New York Review of Books and The Paris Review, explored the use of San Francisco as a popular setting for noir film in “San Francisco Noir” and is the author of the novel “The Mayor’s Tongue.” His second novel, “Odds Against Tomorrow,” was released last week and presents an apocalyptic vision of New York City through the eyes of a mathematician.

Former student sues Yale

BY CYNTHIA HUA STAFF REPORTER A former graduate student who was repeatedly assaulted and raped during her time on campus a decade ago is suing the University for negligence in its security and sexual misconduct response.

T h e p l a i n t i f f, Na ta s a Mateljevic GRD ’07, lived on campus, including for a period at the Hall of Graduate Studies, when she had an ongoing abusive relationship with Rafael Crespo Jr. between 2002 and December 2004. In the suit, Mateljevic alleges that she notified University members, including faculty and peers, of being stalked, harassed and assaulted by Crespo but was not provided adequate protection from harm and was not effectively educated on possible crime reporting mechanisms.

Crespo, who is a former East Windsor, Conn., police officer, was convicted on two counts of sexual assault in the first degree and one count of assault in the third degree — a ruling upheld by the Connecticut Supreme Court in January 2012.

Mateljevic previously filed an anonymous civil suit of negligence against the University in 2006, which was dismissed in March 2012 because the “plaintiff did not follow the procedure,” according to the motion of dismissal. Michael Luzzi ’85, Mateljevic’s attorney for the most recent civil suit, said the plaintiff decided to file a second suit without using a pseudonym because she was ready to come forward with her name attached.

“We think that we will prove that they did not have the appropriate protocol at the time, that they did not protect the student as they should have, that they had knowledge of the specific threat to the student at

the time,” Luzzi said.

University spokesman Tom Conroy said the suit does not have a legal basis in a Tuesday email to the News.

“As soon as Ms. Mateljevic sought help from the University, the Yale Police acted to protect her,” Conroy said. “Her lawsuit has already been dismissed once, and Yale does not believe that there is a legal basis to revive it.”

According to the suit, the plaintiff notified the University of the danger Crespo posed on multiple occasions — Mateljevic raised her concerns with campus housing and was moved into a different dormitory. Mateljevic’s professors and peers were aware of Crespo’s ongoing abuse, Luzzi said, and one professor even gave her financial assistance to help her temporarily move into a hotel room off campus to remove herself from the situation. Another student notified the Yale Police with concerns about the threat Crespo posed to Mateljevic, Luzzi added.

In one instance, a Yale Police officer noticed an abusive interaction between Crespo and Mateljevic in a vehicle parked near the Hall of Graduate Studies, Luzzi said. But, he said, Crespo showed his police badge when the officer knocked on the window and the officer did not pursue the situation despite seeing Mateljevic look “disheveled.” After Crespo’s later arrest, the same Yale Police officer was able to identify Crespo and remember the situation, Luzzi added.

According to Connecticut court records, Mateljevic sought treatment from University health services on multiple occasions but declined to report Crespo’s actions to the police until December 2004, soon after which Crespo was arrested.

The current suit is an inade-

quate security case that does not specifically allege Title IX violations, Luzzi said. A case of Title IX and Title VII violations — meaning that after she reported the sexual assault she was not afforded the same opportunities as other students or treated equally by students and faculty — is currently being drafted.

Her lawsuit has already been dismissed once, and Yale does not believe that there is a legal basis to revive it.

TOM CONROY Spokesman, Yale University In order to advance a negligent security case, a plaintiff must prove that he or she “put the University on notice,” said Stuart Plotnick, a lawyer who has worked on negligent security cases. The plaintiff must show that the University was made aware of the intensity of danger posed to the complainant in time to prevent it, Plotnick added, which depends on when and how he or she notified the University and what preventative measures she took herself.

Spencer Aronfeld, a lawyer with experience in negligent security cases, said Mateljevic has a “far stronger case” than is typical in negligent security suits because the instances of abuse occurred multiple times and because the University was aware of prior instances.

Crespo was sentenced to 14 years in jail in the initial criminal case.

Contact CYNTHIA HUA at cynthia.hua@yale.edu .

PAGE 4

YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, APRIL 11, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

FROM THE FRONT

“But there are advantages to being elected president. The day after I was elected, I had my high school grades classified top secret.” RONALD REAGAN 40TH PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES

Grade inflation, or deserved recognition?

GRADES FROM PAGE 1 life and academic culture.

Proposals to change the grading system follow decades of steadily rising average GPAs across Yale College: the gentleman’s C, it seemed, had become the gentleman’s B. And after 62 percent of the grades awarded last spring were in the A-range, many professors have acknowledged that grading in Yale College is headed in a dangerous direction.

While the trend may have solid statistical backing, its cause remains a source of dispute among faculty and students. Admissions rates to Yale College have plummeted throughout the last decade, and with selectivity comes greater talent, some professors said. Others point to broader cultural shifts among students, namely rising expectations to achieve high grades in all classes. But regardless of cause, some members of the Yale community fear that every top grade awarded ultimately cheapens the value of a Yale A. Professors did not overlook the divisive debate when they voted this month. After what Yale College Dean Mary Miller characterized as a lively conversation, professors voted to send the proposals to change Yale’s grading system back for further review by the Yale College ad-hoc committee on grading, which has spent the past year studying grading trends.

In order for change to come to Yale’s grading system, faculty must reach consensus on the meaning and purpose of grades within the University’s liberal arts curriculum — fundamental questions behind any change to grading policy.

“When we grade at its best, grades are tools that help students learn more as they are working over the course of a semester,” Miller said. “I think one of the most challenging parts of grading is how to keep that tool alive rather than feel that tool is dead.”

WARNING SIGNS

Throughout recent decades, various indicators have begun to suggest that Yale’s grading system has gone awry.

In 1963, only 10 percent of grades Yale College students earned were in the A-range — a statistic over six times smaller than that of last spring.

That semester, grade-point average cutoffs for Latin Honors, which are awarded to the top 30 percent of students in each graduating class, rose to 3.95 for summa cum laude, to 3.89 for magna cum laude and to 3.80 for cum laude.

For the class of 2006, the cutoffs were 3.91, 3.82 and 3.72.

Though many have speculated about the average GPAs given across departments at Yale each semester, the actual data has not been available, either publicly or internally, since 1982, when the Office of Institutional Research stopped releasing annual grade reports to the faculty.

But the available information was enough to cause Miller to convene a committee to re-examine grading at Yale this fall.

“It seemed an appropriate time to gather together a group of faculty members who would think about how we learn as a faculty, how to give grades and what we think grades mean,” Miller said.

The committee, chaired by economics professor Ray Fair, combed through approximately 50 years of grading data to compile a preliminary report to present at February’s Yale College faculty meeting. The finding confirmed suspicions about rising grading trends, though the degree to which grades have changed over the years came as a shock to many professors.

According to grading data compiled by the Office of Institutional Research, the percentage of A-range grades awarded remained relatively constant at about 10 percent until 1963, when the average grade began moving upward in a linear fashion, stabilizing temporarily around 40 percent in the 1970s. In 1983, grades continued their upward trajectory and reached a new summit at 62 percent in spring 2012.

But statistics across departments and disciplines suggest great discrepancies in grading practices throughout Yale College.

Within individual departments last spring, the percentage of As and A-minuses ranged from 47.7 percent to 82.5 percent, and STEM departments had significantly lower percentages than social science and humanities departments, according to the report.

“For many departments now, there are in effect only three grades used: A, A-minus, and B-plus,” the

report stated. “For the less generous departments, B is added to this group. Yale is approaching the point, at least in some departments, in which the only grades are A and A-minus, which is close to having no grading.”

Without students earning a wide spread of grades, Miller said grades themselves may be becoming ineffective. While the letters on a transcript convey a certain measure of “absolute” information to employers and graduate schools, Miller said grades should also help students learn and improve their own work.

The available statistics suggest that grades will continue to follow their upward trajectory — if the high number of grades at the top of the spectrum remains unaddressed.

“All these things prompt a conversation but don’t give much indication of what direction this conversation will take,” Miller said.

WHAT’S IN AN A?

Different professors have different standards for awarding grades at the top of the grading spectrum, and the current Yale College Programs of Study handbook does not resolve the ambiguity. The document defines an A grade in a single word: “excellent.”

From interviews with nearly 30 professors across the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, certain criteria such as clarity of expression, sophistication of thinking and thorough comprehension of material emerged as the most common factors defining A-level work. But context often shapes grading, too: Class size, department and several other details result in little consensus about the meaning of Yale’s A. History and African American studies professor Jonathan Holloway said an A represents “mastery” of the subject matter. Holloway said he thinks all students are capable of achieving this mastery, but he added that an entire class of students will rarely produce A-grade work.

“To me, an A has to have hit all the marks and hit them successfully,” Holloway said. “If a paper demonstrates attention to all detail and a mastery of topic and substantiation of thesis, that’s an A.” President-elect Peter Salovey, who is also a psychology professor, said he has always graded along an absolute standard which he makes clear to the class at the beginning of a semester. If everyone performed to that standard, Salovey said he would give them all an A, and if no one met the standard, he would not award any As. But economics professor Eric Weese rejected the notion that there should be an absolute standard of an A, defining the grade as excellent performance in the context of other students who are taking or have taken the class.

Political science professor John Bullock ’01 said he defines As based on the format of the class.

In lecture courses, where grades are largely based upon numerical exam scores, Bullock says he has a more distinct sense of grade distributions. But in seminars, where students write final papers, Bullock said grading is more complex.

For Bullock to give a paper an A, he said students must impress him with the depth of their thinking in addition to displaying technical precision.

“One of the most important things that I want students to know about grading is, a flawless essay is not necessarily an A essay,” Bullock said. “For an essay to earn an A, it has to have something that sets it apart, some special depth, some special interest.”

Math professor Yair Minsky said grades in most math and science courses differ from those in other disciplines because they are usually quantifiable. Minsky said grades in his introductory courses correspond to a basic curve, where approximately 40 percent of students receive a grade in the A-range.

Both Minsky and economics professor Timothy Guinnane said they sense a discrepancy between the definition of an A as “excellent” and the way professors currently apply the grade to students’ work.

“I think a lot of students think an A is a general result of good work by a good student,” Guinnane said.

“I think an A is more than that.”

Though he said he maintains high standards for As even in more advanced courses, Minsky said he is usually more likely to give a student a B-minus than a C because he thinks the letter C has acquired a strong stigma.

THE PSYCHOLOGY OF GRADING

With grades in the A-range at an all-time high, professors and administrators said they want to isolate the cause for the compression of grades at the top of the spectrum, an endeavor that raises questions: Are students earning grades they do not deserve? Is grade inflation at work in the University?

In a News survey sent to approximately a third of student body earlier this week, 57 percent of 573 respondents said they think grade inflation exists at Yale. But the statistics are not so simple: While 37 percent of respondents said they feel they have received a final grade higher than they deserve, 72 percent percent said they feel they have received a final grade lower than they deserve. And, when asked to define grade inflation, answers did not always align.

Philosophy professor Shelly Kagan, whose course evaluations place him among Yale’s toughest graders, said he has felt that his grading system is “out of whack” with many of his contemporaries for years, though the lack of available grading statistics made his hunches impossible to confirm.

At the beginning of each semester, Kagan said he reads the brief section on grades in the Blue Book: alongside the “excellent” A, a B is “good” and a C is “satisfactory.”

Though Kagan said he does not think his grading system is unreasonable, he conceded that he sometimes gives grades that many of his students might never have seen before.

“If you get good grades, you’ve really impressed me,” Kagan said.

“If you get a poor grade, you have a lot to do, you need to buckle down and stop coasting.”

Miller said most Yale students arrive at the University having only received As in high school, but she added that college assessments focus on comprehension and analysis rather than memorization, like high school evaluations.

Several professors interviewed said they think students expect to receive certain grades when they come to college, a phenomenon they said puts implicit pressure on professors to grade more generously.

Guinnane, who graduated college with a 3.4 GPA, said he feels that students view anything other than an A as an “insult,” adding that he has had students who vehemently protest any grade lower than an A. “Any professor who has been teaching before will tell you that you get students coming to your office, and it can be quite unpleasant,” Guinnane said. “I love my students but there has never been a year where I felt 60 percent of them deserved an A.” Stuart Rojstaczer, a former Duke professor and expert on grade inflation, said the single greatest cause of grade inflation is that professors feel compelled to grade more easily.

English professor David Bromwich attributed some of Yale’s grade compression to “intellectual handholding.” Bromwich said many professors allow students to revise their work or consult with them numerous times before a final draft is submitted.

“With these repeated occasions of conferring and sort of cooperatively plotting a paper, it becomes practically collaborative work between student and teacher, and it becomes harder for the teacher to give a low grade,” Bromwich said. “There is then a convergence, and that convergence is towards the B-plus, A-minus area.”

Bromwich added that grades are lower in STEM departments in part because professors have less direct contact with students and can grade more objectively as a result.

Provost Benjamin Polak said he thinks large discrepancies between grades in STEM departments and those in humanities and social sciences make it difficult to create a University-wide definition of an A. Though Polak said he thinks grade inflation exists at Yale, he added that he does not think grade compression can be addressed fully if grades remain distorted based on subject matter.

“Personally, I think the larger problem is the differences in grading across fields,” Polak said. “I don’t like to see students giving up on something they’re actually good at for something they’re not because of differences in grading between departments.”

GRADES IN CONTEXT

But other professors said they do not feel that grade compression necessarily signifies grade inflation, instead attributing the upward trend to factors such as

changing student demographics and increased selectivity of the admissions process, which make today’s classes more competitive than previous ones. For the class of 2017, Yale received a recordhigh 29,610 applications, and the admission rate dropped to 6.72 percent, the lowest level in Yale’s history.

“From what I see, the main reason that I am giving higher grades now than I used to is that my students are better,” English professor Leslie Brisman said. “When I started teaching here there really was a cadre of C students, who didn’t take their work that seriously and didn’t do well, so we gave them Cs and they deserved them.

Yale isn’t admitting C students these days.”

Religious studies professor Steven Fraade, who has served on Yale admissions committees, said he has watched the standards by which students are admitted to Yale become more rigorous over time and said he does not think he himself would have been admitted to Yale by today’s standards. With decreased emphasis on factors such as legacy in college admissions, Fraade said he finds it plausible that the current student body is more diligent and hardworking than its predecessors.

But Rojstaczer said he does not completely attribute the steep increase in grades to increases in the number of qualified students.

Elite universities have always been able to draw the best students, Rojstaczer said, adding that today’s students have more extracurricular distractions from their schoolwork than their counterparts did 30 years ago.

Rojstaczer said the grading data from Yale is consistent with the upward trajectory of grades nationwide, which took off in the 1980s, as rising tuition fees changed how students approach college. Rojstaczer said heightened tuition created a “consumer mentality” at universities that boosted student expectations for tangible rewards from their education.

“The average SAT scores now are not actually that different than from the early 1960s,” Rojstaczer said. “It may be true that there have been small improvements in the class in the last 30 years, but nowhere near the improvement you’d need to explain the dramatic rise in As.” Of 573 respondents to the News survey earlier this week, only 11 percent of students reported spending less than an average of 10 hours a week on schoolwork outside of class time, and 35 percent said they spend between 20 to 30 hours studying each week.

STILL ‘THE SAME HOUSE’

At the root of any discussion on grading policies in Yale College is a debate about the philosophical foundations that underlie the As, Bs and Cs on a student’s transcript. And some professors fear that the Yale College grading committee’s proposals promote superficial change without tackling the big questions.

When it was formulating its proposals, the grading committee looked to Princeton as an example of a peer institution that has actively worked to cut back grade inflation, Fair said. In 2004, the school made waves by setting a target number of As and A-minuses at 35 percent for all undergraduate courses and 55 percent for junior projects and senior theses after a report revealed that 46 percent of Princeton grades the prior year had fallen within the A-range.

Nancy Malkiel, the Dean of the College at Princeton when the changes to the school’s grading system were implemented, said the policy has succeeded in restoring the power of grades to convey information and in reducing discrepancies across departments.

But the grading committee’s proposals would recommend, rather than impose, a grade distribution across Yale College. Additionally, a central component to the proposals was what Fair calls a “change of currency.” Under the new system, grades would be numerical — instead of letterbased — a change Fair said would signify a cultural shift in professors’ method of assigning grades.

Bullock, the political science professor, said he thinks the current grading system does not allow professors to distinguish between slight differences in quality among their students’ work. He added that numerical grades would enable him to convey more precise and accurate information to students about their academic performance.

“I have very good students but I

GRAPH DO YOU THINK GRADE INFLATION EXISTS AT YALE?

23%

I’m not sure

57% 20%

Yes

No

GRAPH HAVE YOU EVER FELT THAT YOU RECEIVED A FINAL GRADE IN A COURSE LOWER THAN YOU DESERVED? 7%

I’m not sure

21% No

72% Yes

GRAPH HAVE YOU EVER FELT YOU RECEIVED A FINAL GRADE IN A COURSE HIGHER THAN YOU DESERVED?

8%

I’m not sure

37% 56%

Yes

No

also have a small number of superb students,” Bullock said. “My very good students deserve an A but I don’t have a way to recognize students that are superior.”

But other professors interviewed were not so sure.

Though economics professor Joseph Altonji said he agrees that a greater spread of possible grades would positively impact the University, he said he would prefer tweaking the existing letter-grade system rather than completely overhauling it. Ultimately, the decision to award a grade belongs to a professor, Altonji said, adding that frank discussion throughout Yale would be more productive than switching to a numerical scale.

Holloway said he is concerned that adopting a new grading system would fail to address the deeper underlying programs.

“The fact is, changing a system is like putting up fresh wallpaper when you’re not changing the house,” Holloway said. “The room will look great for a little while, but then it’s going to start peeling back or looking tired, and the house is the same house.”

Academic concerns aside, students feared the grading proposals would have a noticeable impact on student life.

Of the 1,760 respondents to a Yale College Council survey, 79 percent said they were opposed to the proposed changes, and the same percent said they think the same proposal would have a negative impact on the student body.

Additionally, approximately 1,300

students signed an independent petition before the faculty meeting protesting the proposals.

Students surveyed and interviewed by the News said they are most concerned about the impact a change in grading policy would have on Yale’s “collaborative” atmosphere. Switching systems to a numerical system, they said, would make students more acutely aware of grades and make the University environment more cutthroat and competitive.

“I think Yale’s atmosphere with the changes would be less educational,” Katie Aburizik ’13 said.

“A test should always measure whether an individual student knows the material, not how much they know in comparison to other people.”

Amid the student protests, the faculty voted to postpone their consideration of changes to Yale’s grading system until November’s faculty meeting. Responding directly to student concerns, Miller said she will appoint undergraduates to the committee to help reconsider the proposals.

“I am glad we are having this conversation about grading,” Miller said. “I think it’s important for students to know grading is not just a letter but it’s a real intellectual activity, it’s a real philosophical question — what do grades mean? And how do we engage with them? That question is not something that will rise and fall on a decision at the faculty meeting.”

Contact JANE DARBY MENTON at jane.menton@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, APRIL 11, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 5

FROM THE FRONT Elicker leads in fundraising

“If the only prayer you ever say in your entire life is ‘thank you,’ it will be enough.”

MEISTER ECKHART GERMAN THEOLOGIAN, PHILOSOPHER AND MYSTIC

Sterling’s efforts slowed by budget STERLING FROM PAGE 1

ALLIE KRAUSE/PHOTOGRAPHY EDITOR

With a current total of $55,950, mayoral candidate Justin Elicker FES ’10 SOM ’10 is vastly outpacing his competitors in fundraising.

FUNDRAISING FROM PAGE 1 the number of smaller contributions that we received,” Elicker said. “People are paying what they can. … I know a lot of the folks who contributed aren’t rolling in money, and it means a lot to have these small contributions.”

Elicker said that these campaign filings do not provide enough information to make any conclusions about the race, and that it is important for his campaign to continue knocking on doors.

With state Rep. Gary Holder-Winfield having raised $7,709 according to the public filings, this fall’s election has officially become a “contested” election, as the Democracy Fund stipulates that at least two candidates must raise more than $5,500 for the race to receive that designation. Because it is contested, Elicker is eligible for a $19,000 grant from the Democracy Fund. Elicker will also receive matching funds supplementing his private donations, as the Fund matches up to the first $25 twice of each eligible donation.

Chris Campbell, campaign manager for Holder-Winfield, said they are not sur-

prised by the finance reports.

“We always knew we’d get a later start than other campaigns, just because of how busy the Legislature is this session, especially with a budget battle that’s as fierce as ever,” Campbell said.

Former city Economic Development Administrator Henry Fernandez LAW ’94 has raised $5 so far, but having declared at the end of March, he said that his focus was not on fundraising prior to the March 31 deadline for filing campaign reports.

“We had only about three days between the time when we filed and opened our bank account and at the end of the filing period, so we weren’t really raising money,” Fernandez said. “We just needed $5 to put into the bank account to open it really, so that’s what we did — I don’t think it’d be fair to say we raised $5.”

Plumber Sundiata Keitazulu, who has also declared that he is running for mayor, said he has raised $225 so far, according to the New Haven Independent. The Fund’s administrator, Ken Krayeske, said he was meeting again with Keitazulu on Friday afternoon to discuss the details of his participation in the Fund.

Elicker, Holder-Winfield and Keitazulu have all chosen to opt into the Democracy Fund. Fernandez has chosen to opt out, explaining that his late entry into the race has precluded his ability to use the Fund effectively. Because Holder-Winfield has not reached the minimum 200 contributions necessary to qualify for the Democracy Fund, he has not yet received any public financing support. Campbell said Holder-Winfield is approximately 75 percent of the way to the 200 contribution mark.

Krayeske said it is too soon to tell whether the public filings shed light on the Fund’s efficacy.

“I think in November we’ll have a pretty good idea of the effect and impact of the Democracy Fund,” Krayeske said. “Right now, it’s just too soon to tell. We’re in the very early stages, and we have candidates that haven’t even declared — at least, that’s my impression.”

Contact DIANA LI at diana.li@yale.edu .

on the University for funding.

“When I initially made plans for the school, I hadn’t yet realized the gravity of the budget deficit, but now we simply have to ask ourselves what is desirable and what is necessary,” Sterling said. “Once we reach a balanced budget, we can begin to make significant strides in other initiatives.”

The deficit was exacerbated by an effort by the Divinity School to support students on financial aid with funds from the school’s general operating budget, he said. Despite the deficit, Sterling said his plan to bolster the school’s financial aid program significantly remains in place, adding that he still intends to make it possible for students with significant financial need to attend the Divinity School for free by 2025. Sterling told the News last fall that the school needs to raise $35 million in order to fulfill his plans for the program. The school is also currently fundraising for scholarships geared toward applicants from Africa, Sterling said.

Sterling said he is currently overseeing several strategies to make the administration more compact and efficient — centralizing work that has been scattered across different administrative units, encouraging teamwork, reducing the size of the school’s staff and eliminating redundant administrative processes.

University President Richard Levin said all of Yale’s self-sufficient schools have had to adjust to rising deficits in the face of the economic downturn.

“A lot of professional schools were hoping the recession wouldn’t affect them as much as it did the central institution … but the Divinity School consumed a lot of its reserves and now they have to make some adjustments in size and scope,” Levin said. “Dean Sterling is very responsible and has a real grip on the school’s finances — the budget deficit will delay some of his innovative plans, but once he improves the budget I am confident he will be able to implement them.”

Faculty and administrators said they are impressed with Sterling’s transparent approach to addressing the budget deficit, and most said they think he has been able to improve the school despite financial difficulties.

Divinity School Associate Dean of Student Affairs Dale Peterson said Sterling has

clearly articulated his intention to close the budget deficit to staff, faculty and administrators during individual and small group meetings and has not treated the budget deficit as a “secret or private matter.” As a result, the Divinity School community is aware that it needs to consider different ways to cut back on spending, Peterson said, including reducing the amount of money spent on the school’s commencement ceremony and maximizing the work of each administrative unit.

“We have a hint that through the month of April, if there are decisions that will impact any of us individually, we will know it,” Peterson said.

The budget deficit will delay some of [Sterling’s] innovative plans, but once he improves the budget, I am confident he will be able to implement them.

RICHARD LEVIN President, Yale University Divinity School professor Jennifer Herdt said she thinks transparency is crucial when a school is dealing with a financial difficulty.

Divinity School community members interviewed said Sterling has still pioneered useful initiatives such as his effort to bolster inclusivity within the school in spite of the budget deficit. Last fall, the school hired the Michigan-based organization Allies for Change to lead workshops aimed to help students, faculty and administrators foster a more inclusive and diversity-friendly community. Administrators also bought copies of the book “The New Jim Crow” by civil rights advocate Michelle Alexander, who visited the school in February, for Divinity School community members to read in an effort to bolster open discussion about issues of race within the school.

Sterling was officially appointed dean of the Divinity School at a ceremony in Marquand Chapel on Oct. 23, 2012.

Contact ALEKSANDRA GJORGIEVSKA at aleksandra.gjorgievska@yale.edu .

ICE looks for ‘aggravated felonies’ in arrests ICE FROM PAGE 1 targeted convicted criminals that threaten public safety.

“These administrative immigration arrests in Connecticut — conducted by officers with ICE’s Enforcement and Removal Operations (ERO) — are part of an ongoing enforcement action targeting at-large, criminal aliens and others who pose threats to the community,” Feinstein said in the release.

But Formica said he is skeptical that all of the recent arrests targeted violent criminals.

Megan Fountain ’07, an organizer for immigrant rights advo-

cacy group Unidad Latina en Acción, said that ICE’s policies are “smoke and mirrors.” She said that half of the individuals deported in Connecticut in 2012 had no criminal record. Of those deported, one-quarter had been convicted for traffic violations and one-fifth had been convicted of nonviolent, immigration-related crimes, she added.

ICE targets undocumented immigrants who have committed “aggravated felonies” — a categorization of offenses that bars noncitizens from relief that would spare them deportation, including asylum, and readmit-

tance into the United States, regardless of immigration status.

But according to the Immigration Policy Center, many nonviolent misdemeanors are designated aggravated felonies under current immigration laws.

Formica emphasized that national immigration reform should allow undocumented individuals convicted of a crime and facing deportation proceedings to state their case and demonstrate why they should still be entitled to permanent resident status. The decision to grant them such status, he said, should rest with either the local ICE

office or an immigration judge. “[ICE is] just trashing families,” Formica said. “If someone makes one mistake and gets classified as an aggravated felon, there is little I can do for them as an immigration lawyer.”

Formica’s office has taken on three clients in the wake of the recent swath of arrests and has heard from an additional 10 potential clients requesting his services. But while Formica denounced sweeping arrests that seek to create a “general atmosphere of tension” in the community, he said that the local ICE branch is not exercising

intimidation tactics — rather, it is simply proceeding with standard operations. Feinstein also rebutted claims that ICE conducts indiscriminate “raids” or “sweeps.”

“People shouldn’t be sleeping under their beds,” Formica said in an attempt to allay concern.

“ICE is not going out and grabbing people.”

Formica also acknowledged that the local ICE branch has treated his clients humanely — they were not “roughed up” or humiliated and were handled respectfully. But Fountain said that ICE could face backlash for

making the arrests at the immigrants’ homes, citing a group of New York immigrants who won lawsuits against ICE after officials raided their homes and used disingenuous tactics to arrest them.

According to ICE federal removal statistics, 55 percent, or 225,390, of the people removed in fiscal year 2012 were convicted criminal aliens — the largest number of criminal aliens removed in one year agency history.

Contact NICOLE NAREA at nicole.narea@yale.edu .

Yale lacks suggested sexual misconduct resource OMBUDSMAN FROM PAGE 1 career and workplace concerns regarding sexual misconductrelated incidents, according to the report.

In response to the Advisory Committee’s recommendations, administrators established the University-Wide Committee on Sexual Misconduct and expanded the staff and resources of the Sexual Harassment and Assault Response and Education (SHARE) Center. Levin said

the creation of another office at the time would have conflicted with the report’s recommendation that Yale’s sexual misconduct resources be clarified. “[The University] concluded that, in light of the community’s clear call for Yale to simplify and streamline its processes and programs, it would not be a good time to create another office,” Deputy Provost Stephanie Spangler said, “especially since the SHARE Center was positioned to offer the anonym-

ity that the Advisory Committee recommended with regard to complaints of sexual misconduct.”

Unlike a human resources representative for employees, or a dean or master for students, ombudspersons are informal channels of reporting that do not notify the University about their cases, said Jim Hostetler ’55, who has advocated for organizational ombudspersons in the past.

Tom Kosakowski, an ombuds-

man at the University of California, Los Angeles who runs a blog for ombudspersons, said an ombudsman is often better equipped than a confidential counseling center to advise university members on the issues of workplace or community relations that often arise in sexual misconduct cases.

Still, the employment of ombudspersons at Yale has had “mixed success” in the past according to the Advisory Committee’s report. Merle Waxman,

who serves as both the Title IX coordinator and the ombudsperson at the School of Medicine — the only school at Yale that currently has an ombudsperson — said her office has been an effective conflict resolution option for the School of Medicine community, but that she thinks other models could work equally as effectively.

Ombudspersons also handle many issues unrelated to cases of sexual misconduct, such as workplace grievances and

career-related complaints, said Ruth Rosenberg, ombudsperson at Brown University. Waxman said she focuses on a much broader set of concerns in her role as ombudsperson than just addressing issues that fall under Title IX. The Office of the Ombudsperson in the School of Medicine was established in 1992.

Contact CYNTHIA HUA at cynthia.hua@yale.edu .

PAGE 6

YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, APRIL 11, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

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Weiner says he may run for NYC mayor

BY JENNIFER PELTZ ASSOCIATED PRESS

J. SCOTT APPLEWHITE/ASSOCIATED PRESS

Sen. Joe Manchin, D-W.Va., seated right, meets in his office with families of victims of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting.

BY ALAN FRAM ASSOCIATED PRESS

Send submissions to opinion@yaledailynews.com

OPINION.

WASHINGTON — Conservative senators from both parties announced their support for expanding background checks for gun buyers Wednesday, giving a burst of momentum to advocates of stronger restrictions. But big questions remain about whether President Barack Obama can push significant gun controls through Congress.

The compromise between Sens. Joe Manchin, D-W.Va., and Patrick Toomey, R-Pa., boosted the chances that the Senate will agree to broaden required background checks, a step gun control groups laud as an effective way to keep weapons from criminals and the mentally ill. The senators are among the most conservative members of their parties, both have received “A” ratings from the National Rifle Association, and their endorsements could make it easier for

hesitant colleagues to back the effort.

Gun control advocates still face opposition from many Republican senators and resistance from moderate Democrats, including several facing re-election next year in GOP-leaning states. In the Republican-run House, leaders have shown little enthusiasm for Obama’s ideas, making that chamber an even higher hurdle.

Under the agreement the two senators announced at the Capitol, background checks would be expanded to all for-profit transactions including sales at gun shows and online, with records kept by licensed gun-dealers who would handle the paperwork. Exempted would be noncommercial transactions such as between relatives.

Currently, the system applies only to sales by the country’s 55,000 federally licensed firearms dealers.

The agreement also contains provisions expanding firearms rights, and that concerns gun control supporters. Some

restrictions on transporting guns across state lines would be eased, sellers would be shielded from lawsuits if the buyer passed a check but later used a firearm in a crime and gun dealers could conduct business in states where they don’t live.

“Truly the events at Newtown changed us all,” said Manchin, citing the Connecticut town where December’s murders of 20 first-graders and six educators propelled gun control to the top rank of national issues. “Americans on both sides of the debate can and must find common ground.”

Emotion, always prominent in the gun issue, cropped up late Wednesday when Manchin met with relatives of the Newtown victims in his Senate office, telling them that “this will not be in vain.” He became choked up when a reporter asked about the impact of the family members’ visit, saying, “I’m a parent, a grandparent … and I had to do something.”

NEW YORK — A bold comeback attempt or the height of chutzpah?

In what could be the start of one of the most intriguing second acts in American politics, Anthony Weiner, the congressman who tweeted himself out of a job two years ago with a photo of his bulging underpants, is considering jumping into the New York City mayor’s race.

The Brooklyn Democrat said in a New York Times Magazine story posted online Wednesday that he realizes he would be an underdog, but he wants to “ask people to give me a second chance.”

“I do recognize, to some degree, it’s now or maybe never for me,” Weiner, 48, said in a long and highly personal profile that he clearly hoped would be the start of his rehabilitation.

But are voters ready to forgive?

Will they at least stop giggling long enough to hear what he has to say?

Political analysts say Weiner would face a steep climb to get past his past, but his political skills, his rich reserve of campaign money and the dynamics of a crowded Democratic primary could make him a player, if not a clear winner, in the contest this fall to succeed Michael Bloomberg as mayor of the nation’s largest city.

Known as a congressman for his in-your-face style, he could punch up the forums and debates.

And he certainly doesn’t lack for name recognition, for better or worse.

“He’d be a real candidate,” said Maurice “Mickey” Carroll, director of Quinnipiac University’s polling institute. “His pluses are known. His minuses are known.”

But Weiner’s problem could be less about what he exposed than about his attempts to cover it up.

“People will say, `Why should we trust him again? He lied to us before - he’ll lie to us again,’” said veteran New York Democratic political consultant George Arzt, who isn’t working with any candidates in the mayoral race.

Weiner’s downfall came in 2011 after a photo of a man’s underwear-clad crotch appeared on his Twitter account. The seven-term congressman first claimed his account had been hacked. Then he denied sending the picture but told reporters he couldn’t say for certain whether it was a photo of him.

As more pictures surfaced, including one of Weiner posing shirtless in his congressional office, the married congressman was forced to come clean and acknowledged exchanging inappropriate messages with several women, though he said he never met any of them. He resigned within weeks.

If not the biggest scandal in U.S. politics, it was perhaps one of the most cringeworthy.

Weiner and his wife, Huma Abedin, a longtime aide to former Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, said they sought the magazine interview to show voters he is a changed man: He entered therapy soon after the scandal broke and has spent most of his time as caregiver to the couple’s 13-month-old son, Jordan.

Abedin told the Times she struggled to forgive her husband.

“I did spend a lot of time saying and thinking: `I. Don’t.

Under. Stand.’ And it took a long time to be able to sit on a couch next to Anthony and say, `OK, I understand and I forgive,’” she said.

YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, APRIL 11, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 7

BULLETIN BOARD

TODAY’S FORECAST

Overcast with a chance of rain, then rain in the afternoon. High of 59. Chance of rain 60 percent.

TOMORROW

SATURDAY

High of 50, low of 39.

High of 57, low of 39.

DOONESBURY BY GARRY TRUDEAU

ON CAMPUS THURSDAY, APRIL 11 4:00 PM How to Fight the Homophobes Join us for a conversation with Boris Dittrich on why homophobia is thriving in Africa and other parts of the world, what LGBT-friendly governments such as the United States can do, and how Dittrich and Human Rights Watch are influencing the debate. Organized by the “Accent” magazine. Slifka Center (80 Wall St.).

4:30 PM How to Build a Chinese Typewriter: Reimagining Technology and Script in the 19th and 20th Centuries In this talk, Tom Mullaney will focus one of the most important and illustrative domains of technolinguistic experimentation — that of the Chinese typewriter and its development in the 19th and 20th centuries — to explore this uncharted history of both modern China and modern information. Henry R. Luce Hall (34 Hillhouse Ave.), Rm. 202.

ANTIMALS BY ALEX SODI

FRIDAY, APRIL 12 1:00 PM Global Health Opportunities and Career Fair The Yale Global Health Initiative and the Yale School of Public Health bring to you the first annual Global Health Opportunities and Networking Fair at Yale University. A University-wide event, the fair will provide a venue for undergraduate and graduate students to learn more about the various organizations involved in global health and explore internship and career opportunities. Omni New Haven Hotel (155 Temple St.).

7:30 PM Yale Concert Band Presents “Precious Metal” Join the Yale Concert Band for its final concert of the year featuring “Precious Metal” with Jake Fridkis on flute and the classic “Overture to ‘Candide’” by Leonard Bernstein. Admission is free.

Woolsey Hall (500 College St.).

NUTTIN’ TO LOSE BY DEANDRA TAN

SATURDAY, APRIL 13 2:00 PM Take Back the Night! Take Back the Night is an event that aims to combat sexual violence by raising awareness of it. The event will be a speakout on Cross Campus. Cross Campus.

y SUBMIT YOUR EVENTS ONLINE yaledailynews.com/events/submit THAT MONKEY TUNE BY MICHAEL KANDALAFT

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Questions or comments about the fairness or accuracy of stories should be directed to Editor in Chief Tapley Stephenson at (203) 432-2418.

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To visit us in person 202 York St. New Haven, Conn. (Opposite JE) FOR RELEASE APRIL 11, 2013

Los Angeles Times Daily Crossword Puzzle

CLASSIFIEDS

CROSSWORD Edited by Rich Norris and Joyce Lewis ACROSS 1 Gives pieces to 5 Space-saving abbr.

9 Academy teacher 14 Leak slowly 15 Prep, as apples for applesauce 16 Didn’t despair 17 Support girder 18 Teatro alla Scala highlight 19 From days gone by 20 Post-marathon sounds?

23 Salon supply 24 Scottie’s relative 27 ID theft target 30 Wined and dined 34 Messenger __ 35 Bygone depilatory 37 Golfer’s outdated set of clubs?

39 Egyptian leader between Gamal and Hosni 41 MIV ÷ II 42 Pester, puppystyle 43 Casualty of an all-night poker game?

46 “__ be young again!”

47 SFO posting 48 Welcome sight for early explorers 50 Poetic dusk 51 “Thy Neighbor’s Wife” author 53 Ill-fated fruit picker 55 Problem for Sherlock when he’s out of tobacco?

62 Eastern adders?

64 Smart 65 Corp. money mgrs.

66 Sax range 67 Rolling rock 68 Berlusconi’s bone 69 Is without 70 One bounce, in baseball 71 Kids DOWN 1 “A likely story!”

2 Country’s McEntire 3 Crux

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CALL (203) 432-2424 OR E-MAIL BUSINESS@ YALEDAILYNEWS.COM

4/11/13

By Marti DuGuay-Carpenter

4 Bit of mistletoe 5 Dress uniform decoration 6 Empty-truck weight 7 Desertlike 8 Route to an illogical conclusion 9 Expressed an opinion on “The Dan Patrick Show,” say 10 Many converted apartments 11 Sign of omission 12 __ Aviv 13 Like some socks after laundry day 21 Whence BMWs 22 Floored 25 Hard-wired 26 Crayola Factory’s Pennsylvania home 27 Get testy with 28 Madrid madam 29 City whose average elevation is below sea level 31 Dizzy with delight 32 Prospero’s spirit servant 33 High-end camera

Want to place a classified ad?

Wednesday’s Puzzle Solved

SUDOKU ROUGH

5 1 8 8 7 3 (c)2013 Tribune Media Services, Inc.

36 Borrow money from 38 __ Grande 40 Prophetic attire worn by most doomed characters on the original “Star Trek” TV show 44 De Matteo of “The Sopranos” 45 Patella 49 Netflix rental

4/11/13

52 Sentence finisher?

54 Florida attraction 56 Kareem’s coll. team 57 Deposed ruler 58 Modern recorder 59 “Given that ...”

60 Chime in at a blog 61 Those, in Tijuana 62 Olympics entrant: Abbr.

63 Actress Arthur

9

7 4

9 1

9 6

3 4

5 8 6 1 7

3 6 1

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YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, APRIL 11, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

WORLD Syria rebels ally with al-Qaida

Women of the Wall Women of the Wall was founded in Jerusalem in 1988 when a group of several dozen women brought a Torah scroll to the women’s section of the Western Wall and conducted a prayer service. They have continued to hold services at the Western Wall regularly since then, sometimes risking arrest.

Liberal Jews win Western Wall fight

BY RYAN LUCAS ASSOCIATED PRESS BEIRUT — Tensions emerged Wednesday in a newly announced alliance between alQaida’s franchise in Iraq and the most powerful Syrian rebel faction, which said it was not consulted before the Iraqi group announced their merger and only heard about it through the media.

Al-Qaida in Iraq said Tuesday that it had joined forces with Jabhat al-Nusra or the Nusra Front - the most effective force among the mosaic of rebel brigades fighting to topple President Bashar Assad in Syria’s civil war. It said they had formed a new alliance called the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant.

The Syrian government seized upon the purported merger to back its assertion that it is not facing a true popular movement for change but rather a foreign-backed terrorist plot. The state news agency said Wednesday that the union “proves that this opposition was never anything other than a tool used by the West and by terrorists to destroy the Syrian people.”

Talk of an alliance between Jabhat al-Nusra and al-Qaida in Iraq has raised fears in Baghdad, where intelligence officials said increased cooperation was already evident in a number of deadly attacks.

And in Syria, a stronger Jabhat al-Nusra would only further complicate the battlefield where Western powers have been covertly trying to funnel weapons, training and aid toward more secular rebel groups and army defectors.

Washington has designated Jabhat alNusra a terrorist organization over its links with al-Qaida, and the Syrian group’s now public ties with the terrorist network are unlikely to prompt a shift in international support for the broader Syrian opposition.

Earlier this year, the U.S. announced a $60 million non-lethal assistance package for Syria that includes meals and medical supplies for the armed opposition. It was greeted unenthusiastically by some rebel leaders, who said it does far too little.

The rebels in Syria have one common goal, which is toppling the regime of Bashar Assad.

ABU RAED Activist in Aleppo province Washington’s next step is expected to be a broader package of non-lethal assistance, expanding from food and medical supplies to body armor and night-vision goggles. However, President Barack Obama has not given final approval on any new package and an announcement is not imminent, a senior administration official said.

Secretary of State John Kerry, who met with Syrian opposition leaders in London on Wednesday, hinted at the new non-lethal aid package this week, saying the administration had been holding intense talks on how to boost assistance to the rebels.

The U.S. opposes directly arming Syrian opposition fighters, in part out of fear that the weapons could fall into the hands of Islamic extremists such as Jabhat al-Nusra.

SEBASTIAN SCHEINER/ASSOCIATED PRESS

A woman reaches to touch a Torah scroll across a fence at the Western Wall, the holiest site where Jews can pray in Jerusalem’s old city.

BY TIA GOLDENBERG ASSOCIATED PRESS JERUSALEM — Israeli authorities have proposed establishing a new section at the Western Wall where men and women can pray together, a groundbreaking initiative that would mark a significant victory by liberal streams of Judaism in their long quest for recognition.

The proposal is aimed at ending turmoil surrounding the Orthodox establishment’s monopoly over the site, highlighted by the arrests of female worshippers who prayed while performing religious rituals the Orthodox say are reserved for men.

“One Western Wall for one Jewish people,” said Natan Sharansky, chairman of the quasi-governmental Jewish Agency and mastermind of the proposal. He expressed hope that the site “will once again be a symbol of unity among the Jewish people, and not one of discord and strife.”

While it still needs government approval, the proposal already risks upsetting Israel’s powerful ultraOrthodox community as well as the Western Wall’s Muslim neighbors, reflecting the explosive mix of religious sensitivities in the area.

The Western Wall, a retaining wall of the biblical Temple compound, is the holiest site where Jews can pray. Currently, it is divided into men’s and women’s sections.

Orthodox rabbis, who control Israel’s religious institutions, oppose mixed prayers.

Under the plan, Israel would create a permanent area for mixedgender and women-led prayer. It would be situated in an area on a lower level where limited mixed prayer already is allowed, but which mainly serves as an archaeological site.

The area would be renovated with a platform that would place it at the same level as the rest of the Western Wall plaza and operate around the clock, like the men’s and women’s sections.

It also would be easily accessible from the main entrance to the plaza.

Like the other sections, it would be stocked with Torah scrolls and prayer books. Currently, worshippers must bring their own prayer materials.

Rabbi Gilad Kariv, who heads Israel’s Reform Jewish movement, said that the proposal could become a watershed moment for liberal Judaism.

“If the Israeli government embraces the solution, I think it’s a

breakthrough of relations between the Israeli government and the progressive Jewish world,” Kariv said.

He said he believed “there are good chances” that Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s new Cabinet, which does not include any ultra-Orthodox parties, will support the plan.

A spokesman for Netanyahu declined comment. But in a boost for the plan, the Western Wall’s Orthodox rabbi, Shmuel Rabinowitz, endorsed the new prayer section.

“I want everyone to pray according to Orthodox Jewish religious law, but I don’t interfere,” Rabinowitz told Army Radio. “If these things can be done at the Western Wall without hurting others, and this can bring about compromise and serenity, I don’t object.”

While most Israelis are secular, Judaism has a formal place in the country’s affairs, and Orthodox rabbis strictly govern religious events such as weddings, divorces and burials for the Jewish population. The ultra-Orthodox, who follow their strict brand of Judaism by promoting religious studies over work, military service and other involvement in modern society, wield vast political power, although they make up only about 10 percent

of the population.

The Orthodox rabbinate has fiercely resisted inroads by the progressive Reform and Conservative streams of Judaism, refusing to recognize their rulings, conversions or ceremonies as religiously valid.

This has led to a deepening rift with American Jews, most of whom are affiliated with the liberal streams.

Nowhere has this conflict been more visible than at the Western Wall. Women of the Wall, a group that conducts monthly prayer sessions there, have endured arrests, heckling and legal battles in a struggle to attain what they consider their inalienable right — praying and worshipping at the Western Wall as men do. Under Reform and Conservative Judaism, women may be ordained as rabbis, read from the Torah or Jewish holy book, and wear prayer shawls.

The proposal’s acceptance would be the latest in a series of achievements by Reform and Conservative Jewish streams to win recognition in Israel, where their communities are small compared to the Orthodox.

Last year, Israel agreed to grant state funding to some non-Orthodox rabbis; Orthodox rabbis are paid by the government.

helmuth rilling Guest Conductor

Dvorak: Stabat Mater

yale camerata · yale glee club · yale philharmonia Friday, April 19 · 8 pm Woolsey Hall 500 College at Grove

Free; no tickets required. Free parking. Presented by Yale School of Music · Yale Institute of Sacred Music · Yale Glee Club. music.yale.edu

r e c y c l e r e c y c l e r e c y c l e r e c y c l e

YO U R

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YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, APRIL 11, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 9

SPORTS The making of champions COLUMN FROM PAGE 10 gan coach, opted not to put Burke back into the game at that point. This decision proved costly. With Burke on the bench, though Albrecht carried the scoring load, the Wolverines’ offense did not flow as smoothly. The change in the offense severely affected Mitch McGary, who had played fantastically during the first five games of the tournament. He scored only six points in the title game.

The half ended with Michigan clinging to a 38–37 lead. The makings of one of the greatest championship games had been established. In the second half, Louisville’s full court pressure began to take its toll. Michigan, the youngest team in the entire tournament, had 12 turnovers during the game. However, the press of Louisville is not what won them the game.

Determination and senior leadership did. On a day when their leading scorer could only connect on 3–16 shot attempts, their other guard, senior Peyton Siva, carried the team by scoring 18 points, dishing out five assists and collecting six rebounds.

Whenever Michigan closed the gap on Louisville, the Cardinals responded with runs of their own, never letting the Wolverines get within less than three during the second part of the second half. It was during these stretches that the competitive greatness of Louisville was revealed. Sophomore Chane Behanan collected 11 rebounds during the second half, including seven offensive rebounds to go along with 15 points. During one stretch Behanan grabbed two offensive rebounds in one possession and eventually finished with a putback layup surrounded by four Michigan defenders. According to ESPN, Pitino said, “When the chips are down, things don’t go well, that young man rises to a new level. There’s no question, when I looked at him today, he shook my hand and said, ‘Don’t worry about me, I’ll bring it tonight.’”

Behanan delivered his best when he needed it, and so did Louisville. That is why they are the national champions.

With this victory, Pitino becomes the first coach in Division I history to win a national championship at two institutions. This victory happens at an opportune time, as Pitino will also be enshrined in the Basketball Hall of Fame in September. Coach Wooden is also enshrined in Springfield. His teams, which won 10 championships in 12 years, were known for their fast breaks and dominant big men.

The Cardinals’ style of play was quite similar.

Louisville ran an upbeat offensive and defense, were led by upperclassmen in their backcourt, and also had NBA-talented big men who outrebounded Michigan 31–26. While the 2012– ’13 Cardinals were not the Bruins of the ’60s and ’70s, both teams won championships and both teams exemplified competitive greatness.

Contact DAVID CARTY at david.carty@yale.edu .

“All hockey players are bilingual. They know English and profanity.”

GORDIE HOWE CANADIAN RETIRED HOCKEY PLAYER WHO PLAYED FOR THE NHL’S DETROIT RED WINGS AND HARTFORD WHALERS

River Hawks to pose tough test FROZEN FOUR FROM PAGE 10 national title may hinge on which goalie is in better form.

Goaltending may, in fact, be UMass-Lowell’s most prominent strength.

Freshman goaltender Connor Hellebuyck leads all of Division I men’s hockey with six shutouts and a save percentage of 0.953, boasting a 1.31 goals-against-average with only two losses out of his 20 games played.

While Yale’s Jeff Malcolm ’13 has a slightly lower save percentage at 0.916 and has surrendered about one more goal per game on average than Hellebuyck, he has performed tremendously since his return from injury on Feb. 23, especially in the playoffs. In the past two games against Minnesota and North Dakota, he stopped 50 shots for a 0.943 save percentage.

On the attack, both teams have explosive individual offensive leaders.

Team captain Andrew Miller ’13 has 37 points in 35 games, coming in at No. 30 in the nation, while forward Kenny Agostino ’14 has recorded 40 points past the opposition this season to rank as the No. 17 scorer in the country. Meanwhile, UMass forwards Scott Wilson and Joseph Pendeza have scored 37 points apiece to tie with Miller at the No. 30 spot.

Despite the high individual skill level of both teams, one of the most important aspects of championship games is special teams, in which the 11th most efficient power play in the country at a 21.12 percent scor-

ZOE GORMAN/SENIOR PHOTOGRAPHER

Captain Andrew Miller ’13 has recorded 37 points in 35 games this season and is tied in scoring with two UMass-Lowell forwards at No. 30 in the nation. ing rate gives Yale a clear edge. The River Hawks power play lags behind with a 16.93 success rate and a No. 32 national ranking.

“They’re very quick, they’re tenacious and seem to have great special teams,” Lowell head coach Norm Bazin said at a press conference Wednesday. “They’re wellcoached and another good opponent.”

Bazin left Division III Hamilton in

BRACKET FROZEN FOUR April 11

April 13

UMass-Lowell

4:30 p.m.

8:05 p.m.

Yale

top seed after leading the national rankings for most of the season. UMass-Lowell finished third in the polls, St. Cloud came in at ninth and Yale took 15th. Then St. Cloud upset Notre Dame and Miami of Ohio in the Midwest Regional, and Yale shocked the nation with successive wins against Minnesota and North Dakota in the West Regional.

“I think any team here can win it,” Yale head coach Keith Allain ’80 said. “I like our chances.”

Yale is the only team of the four that has made a previous Frozen Four appearance and that was in 1952, when a gallon

of gas cost 20 cents and the average price of a house was $228. Back then the tournament consisted of a four-team bracket chosen by an NCAA committee. Two teams were selected from the east conference and two teams from the west.

The committee’s custom was to choose the strongest Boston team and the winner of the Pentagonal League, the forebear of the Ivy League, but the rise of schools outside of those two traditional bastions complicated the selection in 1952. That year, the NCAA controversially selected St. Lawrence, in addition to the Pentagonal Champion Elis, instead of either Boston College or Boston University.

BRIANNE BOWEN/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

Two of forward Jesse Root’s ’14 11 goals this season were game-winners that helped the Elis advance past Minnesota and North Dakota.

April 11

Quinnipiac

St. Cloud State

First Frozen Four since 1952 MEN’S HOCKEY FROM PAGE 10

2011 to take over the helm at Lowell, where he played in college, and has led the River Hawks to the first Frozen Four in team history in his sophomore campaign. On Wednesday, Bazin was named the 2013 winner of the Spencer Penrose Award as the top coach in Division I men’s hockey.

Yale’s Allain, who was named a finalist for this year’s Penrose Award, has taken seven years since he took over the Bulldog hockey pro-

Pat Howe ’52, a right-winger on the 1952 squad, said when he was playing there was “a lot of very close competition” between the eastern schools. The selection process for the DI tournament was not at all clear-cut, he recalled, and the committee struggled to determine the qualifiers based on records alone.

“I think it was not black and white — they had to put a lot of personal opinions into it,” Howe said. “There were a lot of judgment calls in selecting Yale as the winner. There were a lot of contentious comments as in ‘why should Yale be picked’ and so on.”

Since then, the tournament bracket has expanded steadily — most recently growing from 12 to 16 teams in 2001. The winners of each of the five D1 conferences automatically get a bid, and then the next 11 teams are chosen based on a mathematical formula, approximated by the PairWise Rankings.

Yale slipped into this year’s bracket after Notre Dame knocked out Michigan in the Central Collegiate Hockey Association final, making the Elis the last team to qualify for the tournament.

When the Bulldogs take the ice Thursday afternoon, at least one member of the 1952 team will be in the stands watching.

Mike Robinson ’52, a former defenseman whose brother lives in Pittsburgh, said he is making the trip to watch the current Yale squad take on UMass-Lowell at the CONSOL Energy Center.

Howe, who lives in Connecticut and attends a few hockey games each year, said he has followed the team’s progress and figured it was only a matter of time before Yale made another Frozen Four appearance.

“They have a good coach and a good recruiting program,” he said. “Yale I think has earned its position in the past few years.”

Contact ALISON GRISWOLD at alison.griswold@yale.edu .

gram to reach the Frozen Four, but players said it was only a matter of time before Allain’s steady progress took Yale to where it has been only one time before.

The season before Allain left his position as goaltending coach for the St. Louis Blues to take the head job at his alma mater, the Bulldogs went 10–20–3. Just two years later, Allain led the Elis to their first-ever ECAC Tournament championship and a year later coached Yale to its first NCAA Tournament win since 1952. The progress Allain has driven culminated this year in Yale’s return to the Frozen Four.

Although Yale barely squeaked into the NCAA Tournament as the No. 15 seed and will be facing the No. 3-ranked team in the country, the Bulldogs do not consider themselves longshots for the national title.

“I personally don’t see us as underdogs,” defenseman Colin Dueck ’13 said. “I think people might choose different teams for different reasons, but I think we’re very confident coming in. We played some pretty good teams in Grand Rapids and we came out of that.”

The second game of the night, between Quinnipiac and St. Cloud State, will begin at 8:05 p.m., after the conclusion of Yale’s matchup with UMass-Lowell. The winners of these contests will face each other in the national championship game on Saturday.

Contact ASHTON WACKYM at ashton.wackym@yale.edu .

Elis fall to local rival Fairfield

GRAHAM HARBOE/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

The baseball team continued its offensive struggles and fell 3-2 against local rival Fairfield last night.

BASEBALL FROM PAGE 10 win ’15 threw well and Chris Lanham ’16 pitched lights out; it was just one bad pitch and we lost the game.”

Piwinski agreed, saying, “If our pitchers throw strikes and challenge guys, we’ll have a great chance to win.”

On top of that, the Bulldog defense played an error-less

game after four straight games with errors.

“It was good to see us play a good game on defense,” Hanson said.

Yale takes on Harvard this weekend in a four game series in Cambridge.

Contact GRANT BRONSDON at grant.bronsdon@yale.edu .

IF YOU MISSED IT SCORES

SOCCER Bayern 2 Juventus 0

SOCCER TIE Barcelona 1 PSG 1

SPORTS QUICK HITS

FROZEN FOUR TICKET SALES REMAIN SLOW The Yale College Council announced Wednesday afternoon that only half of the 50 tickets being offered to students as part of a subsidized package had been sold. Last night, the YCC revealed a $50 package offering tickets and bus transporation to Pittsburgh.

NBA Atlanta 124 Philadelphia 101

y

MLB San Francisco 10 Colorado 0

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DAVID HICKEY ’14 ELI NAMED PITCHER OF THE WEEK The left-hander received Ivy League Pitcher of the Week honors after earning both of Yale’s wins last week. Hickey struck out three over two innings as the Elis topped UConn 15–5 on Wednesday and then struck out 11 in his first complete game to blank Penn on Sunday.

“We played some pretty good teams in Grand Rapids and we came out of that.”

COLIN DUECK ’13 DEFENDER, MEN’S HOCKEY YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, APRIL 11, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

NCAA history in the making

Elis look to continue upset run FROZEN FOUR

BY ALISON GRISWOLD SENIOR REPORTER PITTSBURGH — Eighteen teams in college hockey have won the Division I men’s championship. That’s about to change.

MEN’S HOCKEY Over the past two decades, the traditional powerhouses have dominated DI college hockey. In 2011, Minnesota-Duluth became the 18th team on the list of Frozen Four champions and the first new addition since 1993.

But this year the big name teams — Denver, North Dakota, Wisconsin, Boston College, Boston University and Minnesota — are conspicuously absent from the bracket. Ninetime champion Michigan, the most decorated school in DI hockey, did not advance to the tournament for the first time in 22 years.

Beginning Thursday afternoon, Yale, UMass-Lowell, Quinnipiac and St. Cloud State will jockey to become the 19th name on the list of Frozen Four champions.

“It really sets parity throughout Division I,” said Joseph Pendenza, a forward for UMassLowell. “It might be weird to the average observer because they might not be used to these names. But I think you look a little closer, and it says just how close every team is throughout the country.”

Parity is likely a word on the minds of many players, coaches and fans in this Frozen Four.

Both semifinal matchups will pit regional No. 1 seeds against No. 4 seeds, but the consensus is that anyone could take the title.

Quinnipiac enters the tournament as the SEE MEN’S HOCKEY PAGE 9

ZOE GORMAN/SENIOR PHOTOGRAPHER

Goaltender Jeff Malcolm ’13 saved 50 shots combined for a 0.943 save percentage in Yale’s upsets of Minnesota and North Dakota during the West Regional.

BY ASHTON WACKYM STAFF REPORTER PITTSBURGH — It’s not every day that an Ivy League hockey team upsets two NHL prospect-laden national powerhouses on the way to the Frozen Four. In fact, the last time Yale earned a spot among the

final four teams in the NCAA hockey tournament was 61 years ago.

As the men’s hockey team arrives in Pittsburgh Tuesday night for the first time since 1925 for its first NCAA Frozen Four game since 1952, the legacy of the 2012-’13 Bulldogs squad is on the line as it faces off against the Massachusetts-Low-

ell River Hawks at 4:30 p.m. in the national championship semi-final game. As the two East coast teams line up against each other in the first game of the Frozen Four, the Bulldogs expect hard-nosed play and quick transitions coming from each side.

“They compete hard on the puck,

Strong relief effort not enough for Yale

BY GRANT BRONSDON CONTRIBUTING REPORTER

SEE FROZEN FOUR PAGE 9

DAVID CARTY

Competitive greatness

The baseball team’s offensive struggles continued against Fairfield on Wednesday, as a two-run long ball proved to be the difference in a 3–2 loss.

BASEBALL After a weekend against Columbia and Penn in which the Bulldogs (6–19, 3–5 Ivy) combined to score six runs in four games, the Elis could only scrape together two runs off five hits against the Stags.

In the first inning, leadoff hitter Nate Adams ’16 was hit by a pitch, singled over to second base by left fielder Eric Hsieh ’15 and brought home by a double off the bat of designated hitter Josh Scharff ’13 to open the scoring.

“I got down in the count, but the pitcher made a mistake and I was able to capitalize,” Scharff said.

Starting pitcher Ben Joseph ’15 was unable to make it out of the second inning, yielding six walks but picking up five strikeouts. He allowed only one run, however, on a two-out, bases-loaded balk in the first.

The Bulldogs’ offense managed to put runners on base in both the second and third innings, only to have those opportunities squandered by double plays.

“It happens in baseball sometimes,” captain Chris Piwinski ’13 said. “Our approach is to hit the ball down and hard. If those hits are a couple feet to the left or right, it’s a base hit.”

and they transition quite well when they get it back going from defense to offense,” head coach Keith Allain ’80 said. “So we have to be on our toes.”

While the attack, defense and special teams will all have to be sharp in tonight’s game, the chance at a

they stranded six runners on top of the three aforementioned double plays.

Despite the loss, the team found positives to take away from this game, especially in the bullpen.

“Everyone was happy with the relief effort,” shortstop/pitcher Cale Hanson ’14 said. “Robert Bald-

The greatest college basketball coach of all time, John Wooden, whom Rick Pitino tied on the all-time-wins list Monday night, spent 14 years of his life devising the “Pyramid of Success,” a system that teaches individuals and teams how to reach their potential. The final block that completes the pyramid is competitive greatness, being at your best when your best is needed. Both Louisville and Michigan exemplified the notion of competitive greatness in Atlanta in a riveting NCAA final.

NCAA finals have a knack for creating environments where unheralded players deliver exemplary performances. This was the case in the first half as Michigan, who were four-point underdogs, established a 12-point lead as National Player of the Year Trey Burke sat on the bench with foul trouble. In place of Burke, Michael “Spike” Albrecht, who averaged 1.8 points per game during the regular season, connected on four 3-pointers and scored 17 points in the first half. At this point, Michigan seemed to have control of the game. They had a comfortable lead and their best player was fully rested, ready for the second half. However, as they did against Wichita State on Saturday, Louisville proved they were a great team. Luke Hancock, a transfer from George Mason who averaged only 8.1 points per game during the season, scored 14 unanswered points as part of the Cardinals’ 16–3 run which took less than four minutes. John Beilein, the Michi-

SEE BASEBALL PAGE 9

SEE COLUMN PAGE 9

GRAHAM HARBOE/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

Although it was short-lived, outfielder Joe Lubanski’s ’15 one-out RBI double in the fourth inning broke the 1–1 tie.

A one-out RBI double by outfielder Joe Lubanski ’15 in the fourth broke the 1–1 tie, but it was shortlived, as Fairfield’s Rob LoPinto celebrated his birthday in style with a two-run homer off a high fastball to deliver the lead for the Stags in the bottom half.

After yet another double play brought the fifth inning to a close, the Elis went hitless for the dura-

tion, managing just two baserunners in the final four frames.

“Today was a classic case of taking ourselves out of the game [by] pressing and swinging at pitches we don’t normally swing at,” Scharff said.

Through 25 games, the Bulldogs have only 25 extra-base hits, which has proven to be a thorn in their side, especially last night, when

TOP ’DOGS MEN’S ICE HOCKEY

THE BULLDOGS ARRIVED IN PITTSBURGH ON TUESDAY TO PREPARE FOR THE FROZEN FOUR SEMIFINAL. The Elis will take on UMass-Lowell tonight at Consol Energy Center.