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T H E O L D E ST C O L L E G E DA I LY · FO U N D E D 1 8 7 8

NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 2013 · VOL. CXXXVI, NO. 5 · yaledailynews.com

INSIDE THE NEWS MORNING EVENING

RAINY CLOUDY

73 79

CROSS CAMPUS

MAYORAL RACE CANDIDATES MAKE MOVES ON CAMPUS

DEPUTY PROVOST

MOTHERHOOD

MEN’S FOOTBALL

Tamar Gendler takes on newly created role on the humanities, initiatives

LIKE HUMANS, LEMURS UNITE IN CHILD-REARING

Media coverage expands throughout the state with new network

PAGE 3 CITY

PAGE 5 NEWS

PAGES 6-7 SCI-TECH

PAGE 12 SPORTS

GHeav protests continue

Run Elihu, run! Scores of

Yalies tied their gym shoes and took to the streets on Monday morning to participate in the New Haven Road Race. Daniel Caballero ’15 gave a particularly strong performance in the 5K, clocking in at 16:57 and placing 10th out of more than 3,700 runners. Participants also included Morse Dean Joel Silverman and Master Amy Hungerford, both of whom valiantly crossed the finish line to enjoy Morse’s recovery drink of choice: chocolate milk.

HARP, MORRISON, EIDELSON ’12 AND WOOD ’15 JOIN IN Q&A

BY ISAAC STANLEY-BECKER STAFF REPORTER

side of the store’s Broadway location Friday to call for the Yale and New Haven communities to utilize their leverage over the business and demand improved working conditions.

“Mr. Cho thinks that it’s okay to pay workers between $5 and $6 an hour,” alleged protester Evelyn Nunez ’15, referring to the establishment’s owner, Chung Cho. “Yale

Over lunch on Monday in Timothy Dwight College, four women vying for New Haven political office issued a four-way endorsement, attesting to the common aims expressed in their campaign platforms and promising to work together to better the city.

Mayoral hopeful and Connecticut State Sen. Toni Harp ARC ’78 joined three New Haven aldermanic candidates for a question and answer session with Yale students just eight days before the Democratic primary.

On Sept. 10, Harp will square off against three other Democrats in a race to replace retiring mayor John DeStefano Jr. At Monday’s lunch, Harp was flanked by incumbent Ward 22 Alderman Jeanette Morrison, Ward 7 challenger and first-time candidate Ella Wood ’15 and incumbent Ward 1 Alderman Sarah Eidelson ’12. All face a contested primary election except for Eidelson, whose sole opponent is Republican Paul Chandler ’14.

Addressing roughly 25 students seated around a table in the Thompson Room just outside the Timothy Dwight dining hall, Harp described her 20 years of experience in

SEE GOURMET HEAVEN PAGE 8

SEE ENDORSEMENTS PAGE 4

There’s more. In addition, two New Haven mayoral candidates were spotted participating in the race: Justin Elicker FES ’10 SOM ’10 and Kermit Carolina. Carolina, who is 45 years old, ran in the 5K in 35:14. Elicker finished the 20K in 1:35:53.

JACOB GEIGER/PHOTOGRAPHY EDITOR

Seeking student input. The

University has created the inaugural Title IX Student Advisory Board as well as the Dean’s Ad Hoc Committee on Grading. The advisory board will work with Deputy Provost Stephanie Spangler to consider ways to address sexual misconduct issues on campus, while the Ad Hoc Committee on Grading will work with Yale College Dean Mary Miller and review the University’s grading practices. Applications are due to the Yale College Council in mid-September.

Honoring talent. Yale poetplaywright and chair of the African American Studies Department Elizabeth Alexander will be recognized as a “Champion of Change” by the Center for Community Change. The award ceremony will be held on Sept. 26 and honors Alexander for her work on racial justice and immigration reform.

Keeping organized. The YCC has launched a new “campus calendar” intended to serve as a central source for all events, including those held by student clubs, academic departments, residential colleges and athletic teams.

The calendar will be fully updated by Sept. 13.

Power of the hecklers. Popular

comedian Dave Chappelle stopped his headlining set at the Oddball Comedy & Curiosity Festival in Hartford, Conn., after hecklers prompted him to leave the stage after only a few jokes.

THIS DAY IN YALE HISTORY

1942 Yale Union CIO Local 142 appeals to the National Labor Relations Board, charging the University with unfair labor practices and discrimination against union members. The complaint comes after two dishwashers were discharged from their jobs at the Freshman Dining Hall about two weeks earlier. In response, Yale administrators say the former employees were negligent and frequently left their jobs too early.

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Union-backed women trade endorsements

Protestors gather for the second time in front of Gourmet Heaven on Broadway Friday following claims of wage theft.

BY MONICA DISARE AND MATTHEW LLOYD-THOMAS STAFF REPORTERS The boycott of Gourmet Heaven, which began last week after the Connecticut Department of Labor announced that the popular convenience store is under investigation for workplace violations, continued last Friday with a protest that supporters said will repeat every week until employees receive back pay.

The allegations stem from a complaint filed by a former employee of the 24-hour convenience store and suggest longstanding practices of wage theft and poor working conditions. The complainant, a worker named Adin who asked that his full name be omitted for issues related to his immigration status, said he left Gourmet Heaven after management declined to raise his salary to the legal minimum wage. Approximately 25 protesters gathered out-

SCHOLAR PROGRAM

Salovey names University Cabinet

Education Studies takes new direction

25-PERSON ‘ACADEMIC BRAIN TRUST’ INCLUDES ALL DEANS

BY JULIA ZORTHIAN STAFF REPORTER Yale President Peter Salovey immediately instated a new University Cabinet when he took office this summer, bringing together academic deans and administrative officers to assess large-scale policy issues and hone the grander University mission.

Salovey called the 25-person cabinet an “academic brain trust” designed to foster communication between administrators and deans of Yale’s schools, who are members of the faculty, to discuss University policies and how they affect teaching, learning and research. The cabinet’s birth falls during a period in which Faculty of Arts and Sciences members have urged top officials to increase faculty input into administrative decisions. The new group will meet once a month and hold two to three all-day retreats each year.

“I think it’s a group that can help us understand how different policies and practices play out in the different schools,” Salovey said. “I think it’s a feedback mechanism, it’s a brainstorming mechanism and it’s a way to help deans and vice presidents know what the other [group] is doing and worrying about.”

Salovey said he created the group, whose members include all nine University officers and the deans of each school, after he heard many administrators and faculty members SEE STAFF CHANGES PAGE 8

ELIZABETH CARROLL

Elizabeth Carroll was named director of the Education Studies program in July.

F

or the past three years, the future of Yale’s Education Studies program has been in flux. But under the guidance of a new director, the program is looking toward a more secure future. JANE DARBY MENTON reports.

In December 2012, over 100 students signed a petition calling upon then President-Elect Peter Salovey to guarantee the future of Yale’s Education Studies program.

The students were demanding the survival of a program that has faced uncertainty in recent years.

Yale terminated its Teacher Preparation Program in 2010, but the Education Studies program persisted as a track for students interested in the academic theories underlying mod-

ern education practices. The departure of two of the program’s directors — Jack Gillette GRD ’87 in 2010 and Linda Cole-Taylor in 2012 — prompted concern among students last year that the program would meet a similar fate as the teacher preparation track.

But in July, Yale College Dean Mary Miller announced to the faculty that the Education Studies Advisory Committee had selected Elizabeth Carroll to be the program’s

new director, ensuring the program’s continuation for the immediate future. Carroll had come to Yale when she was temporarily hired to teach Cole-Taylor’s spring seminar, “Schools, Community and the Teacher,” in the 2012-’13 academic year.

Carroll earned her doctorate in education from Harvard’s Graduate School of Education and served as a classroom teacher in Boston and the Bronx. She moved to New Haven in the summer of 2012 and was independently studying the city’s public school system when she heard of the job opening at Yale.

“I think [Carroll] is a terrific appointment,” said George SEE ED. STUDIES PAGE 4

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YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

OPINION

.COMMENT “The continual destruction of Commons as a mainstay of campus life yaledailynews.com/opinion

I

have a confession to make: Yesterday, I ordered a turkey sandwich at G-Heav. With extra hot sauce.

Critics of my culinary choice have argued that I am complicit in Gourmet Heaven’s alleged exploitation of its workers. I disagree.

When we see injustice, it’s perfectly natural to want to punish its perpetrator. That’s what the state of Connecticut is rightfully doing now by fining Chung Cho, the owner of G-Heav, for not paying his employees. But if we’re serious about preventing wage theft, we also need to tackle the issue’s cause. By that standard, a bacon, egg and cheese boycott would be counterproductive.

The major reason employers steal from undocumented workers is because they know that illegal employees, fearing deportation, rarely file complaints. A limited boycott of G-Heav would do little to deter wage theft, since the boycott now comes after the complaint has already been filed. A more prolonged boycott without a clear request would be worse still; it could slash demand, bankrupt G-Heav and jeopardize its jobs, hurting G-Heav’s workers as well as its owner. We would be sending a perverse message to exploited workers: File a complaint and risk unemployment.

So what can we do instead to encourage workers to file complaints? Here are three better options than a G-Heav boycott: First, tell your member of Congress to pass comprehensive immigration reform so no worker will have to fear deportation for making an honest living. As long as there are undocumented workers, there will be wage theft. From the employer’s perspective, paying an undocumented worker the same wage as other workers doesn’t make economic sense. By hiring illegal workers, employers are breaking the law and exposing themselves to liability, as evidenced by the thousands of dollars G-Heav was fined last year by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. Because of this added risk, employers rarely pay these workers fair wages.

The only way we can save their jobs and increase wages is by fixing our broken immigration system and allowing undocumented workers to earn legal status.

No faith in Congress? No problem. Let’s also advocate for common-sense legislation here in New Haven that would deter wage theft by encouraging workers to report it. The Connecticut Department of Labor allows workers to safely file complaints regardless of

immigration status, but many immigrant workers aren’t informed of this right. The Board of Aldermen can pass a local ordinance that would require employers to prominently display this information in their workplaces in English and Spanish.

The board can also address the concerns of G-Heav boycotters who would rather not pay an employer guilty of misconduct. One way to do that would be to certify restaurants that comply with labor laws as fair working environments.

Unlike boycotts like the one proposed, which would only affect businesses after complaints have been filed, this labeling system would provide an incentive for businesses like G-Heav to alter their behavior even if workers don’t complain. It would also empower consumers to make responsible purchasing choices.

GO AHEAD, HAVE A BACON, EGG AND CHEESE Many students discussed both these policies during the last aldermanic campaign, and Yalies will have the chance to reconsider them in the coming months.

Finally, we as individuals can also help workers in need beyond G-Heav. How? Tip well if you can. According to a study by the Pew Research Center, 1.6 million hourly workers were paid the federal minimum wage last year. Nearly 2 million were paid less. The largest portion of these minimum-wage-exempt workers are tipped workers, who earn just $2.13 per hour.

Until Congress comes to its senses and addresses this problem, let’s do our part to ensure these workers can provide for their families.

These are just a few of the ways you and I can address the problem of underpaid workers in New Haven. As we welcome a new group of student organizers to a campus known for its activism, we must show that as we honor workers on Labor Day, we don’t forget the most vulnerable among them. We must show that we have the will and the power to make a difference in our New Haven community. We must show that, in the face of injustice, Yalies fight back intelligently and effectively.

VINAY NAYAK is a senior in Davenport College. Contact him at vinay.nayak@yale.edu .

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COPYRIGHT 2013 — VOL. CXXXVI, NO. 5

'GRUMPYALUM' ON 'COMMONS CLOSES BETWEEN BREAKFAST & LUNCH'

Sifting through the ashes

G U E S T C O L U M N I S T V I N A Y N A YA K

Don’t boycott G-Heav

continues.”

A

bout a month ago in Somerville, Mass., the house that I was renting burned down.

The fire spread to five other houses before it was brought under control. By that point, my building and the adjacent one had been so damaged that they had to be demolished the next day. Thankfully, with the exception of two firefighters that suffered minor injuries, no human or animal was hurt.

My housemates and I ran out of the house at 6 a.m., and as we sat on the front steps of the house across from ours with arms around our knees, watching flames shoot out of our front windows and firefighters from 15 different fire departments rush to tame the conflagration, I thought about what should have been going through my head at that moment.

During those minutes, I wasn’t thinking about anything — my mind felt like a ship cruising across an endless sea of white. In the middle of all the commotion, my head was somewhere else, and everything taking place in front of me seemed distant and foreign.

As we sat there waiting for instructions from the authorities, my housemates and I joked about

a guy from a neighboring house who reportedly made it back inside to save all of his suits.

Us? I had only my phone. One XIUYI of my houseZHENG mates was barefoot.

ProperSince the fire, many peogandist ple have said to me, “You must be so traumatized, it must have been a devastating experience.” Yet what has surprised me the most is how quickly my life has returned to normal. I have a new laptop, a new wardrobe and difficulty proving my age at bars, but everything else feels the same.

It’s like when you begin crossing Elm Street, distracted perhaps by a friend or a funny text, and then suddenly a car screeches to a halt a foot away from you. The driver curses at you and you’re obviously shaken, but eventually you head off to class or to your meeting just as you would have otherwise. You tell the story to a few people and refrain from jaywalking for two

days, and soon enough you’ll have forgotten it altogether.

The truth is that the events that occurred on the morning of July 24 did not change my life. Sure, replacing all of my belongings was a hassle, and I did feel quite restless in the weeks that followed as I moved from one temporary lodging to the next. Yet deep down, if the fire did leave a mark on me, it was neither conspicuous nor permanent.

Instead of feeling sorrowful for what I had lost, I realized just how simple my life had been up to that point. I was fortunate not to have lost anything truly valuable in that fire, but at the same time, in that house I had nothing truly valuable to lose. My parents were safe back home, and my friends were still in the midst of their summer adventures. Not a single one of my possessions was truly essential, nor was there anything of tremendous personal value.

This was not the case for everyone. Another one of my housemates, a fourth-year architecture student at the Harvard Graduate School of Design, had to cope with the loss of all of the models he had ever made, as well as all electronic records of his past work. He told

me that he “lost his entire life” in the fire.

Some inhabitants of the affected houses celebrated the survival of what was most dear to them. As we crowded around a fire department officer and gave him our names and apartment numbers, one girl held a slightly frazzled cat tight in her arms. A couple was locked in a tearful embrace.

As I thought about the life I would build after graduation — a career, a family, a home — I thought about all the things that, if lost, would devastate and traumatize me forever. Then I tried to imagine myself trying to cope with the aftermath of such tragedies. I could not.

Yet I know that such events will eventually occur, unless my life ends first. What will I do once they have? I cannot say for sure, but I treasure all the things that would pain me to lose, and I look forward to gaining more of them. Perhaps the fact that we can and will lose what we love is the entire point of loving in the first place.

XIUYI ZHENG is a senior in Davenport College. His column runs on alternate Tuesdays. Contact him at xiuyi.zheng@yale.edu.

GUE ST COLUMNIST RHYS DUBIN

A sense of place and belonging T

he weekend before I was due to fly across the country to New Haven, I returned to Deep Springs College, the school I attended for two years prior to transferring to Yale. Three good friends from my class were working there over the summer, and I wanted to get one last taste of the desert before heading off into the unknown and spooky world of “real” college.

Deep Springs is a small (read: about 26 students) two-year liberal arts college located on a cattle and alfalfa ranch in the desert of eastern California. It’s based on what we call the “three pillars” of labor, academics and self-governance. In practice, this means that while engaging in a standard liberal arts curriculum, we students run most of the administrative functions of the school (hiring professors, admitting students, designing curriculum) in addition to spending 20 hours a week working on the ranch and farm.

I decided to attend Deep Springs because I wanted an education in the machinations and inner workings of community.

Simultaneously, I was inspired by the college’s enigmatic mission to prepare young men for “a life of service to humanity.” I wanted

to participate in all the separate activities that we usually take for granted in a place where the consequences were evident and inescapable. This is what I found at Deep Springs — a sense of the interrelation and love that only a subtle combination of proximity and complete reliance can generate. It was a complex love — not the unconditional love of a parent or the all-consuming passion of a romantic relationship, but the love that arises from the realization that you are nothing without those around you.

At points I hated it, loathed it, and wished I could stick my thumb out on lonely Highway 168 and hitch as far away as possible. But I didn’t, and eventually came to realize that these were all natural reactions to dealing with people — contingent, unpredictable, reasonable, petty, incredible and intelligent people. Often, it was all too easy to stop at those visceral emotions of rage, sadness and disgust, and forget about that secret reliance that undergirds each place that we exist in. For too long, that veil has been cast over us, the one that gives us license to believe that we can exist as islands, isolated and completely self-sufficient.

Just because this was apparent at

Deep Springs doesn’t mean that doesn’t exist elsewhere. It’s just easier to ignore.

Ultimately though, Deep Springs was only preparation, and after a while, I recognized that it could not and should not provide everything that I needed to flourish. That is what Yale can be as well — preparation, not an end in itself. But this preparation is nothing unless we recognize that our subjective existence is also nothing without the subjectivity of others, both to generate some sense of reality outside of our own heads and to reach our full potential. The highest ideal that we can aspire to is the creation of a meaningful community — the collective generation of a sense of place and belonging for all those who choose to call a spatial or temporal location home.

The last two years succeeded in illuminating the inherent possibility of such an ideal, despite the fact that my experience in the desert was flawed in many ways. So while I have next to no idea of what to expect at Yale this year, I know that we have a responsibility to act collectively in the name of what we see to be good and right — not just as atomized subjects, but for “us,” as a true community. This could

be something as drastic as taking more control over the running of the residential colleges, or something as simple as sitting with people you’ve never met. What seems to be important, for me at least, is to begin to understand what makes this place function, whether that means the school’s budget or the miscellaneous positions and jobs that govern our daily lives. It seems simple, but if we know these things, then we can begin to make informed decisions about how we ought to act. Whether that means radical change or the status quo is up to us.

Above all, this is not a plea for adherence to a rigid moral framework (even if I did have one, it would be foolish to include it here), but rather an ignorant and unfamiliar man’s call for dialogue and discourse. Perhaps it’s more of a mantra than anything else, an expression of personal excitement at the possibilities that exist. We have been blessed with the incredible privilege and opportunity to act together with some of the best and brightest in the world, and it would be a shame to let it slip by.

RHYS DUBIN is a sophomore in Pierson College. Contact him at rhys.dubin@yale.edu .

GUEST COLUMNIST CHARLES BARDEY

The world is not always terrible H

ere is something everyone has heard: Yale students are stressed. Indeed, “stressed” is not so much a state of being as it is a way of life, so much so that “Lux et Veritas” might roughly translate to “Ugh kill me et I have so much to do.”

Students handle this stress in different ways. Some students might channel their stress into productivity, thriving on three hours of sleep and what amounts to an IV drip of caffeine. Others may hide in their dorm rooms eating undue amounts of ice cream and crying while watching John Hughes movies. But the majority of students likely complain.

FRESHMAN VOICES This attitude was unfortunately very prevalent at my high school.

Of all the aspects of high school, this was surely my least favorite, namely because it not only affected outward vocal behavior (at any given moment, a high school student’s list of complaints is longer than the CVS receipt of a loyalty club member), but also self-perception in relation to the outside world. Students at my high school began to believe that the world was always terrible, and that it was everyone else’s fault. By constantly

complaining, we ensured that selfpity dominated our life and fostered an environment that valued unhappiness and stress.

I assumed that, in graduating, I might be able to leave my high school naiveté behind and instead immerse myself in collegiate maturity and sophistication. This idealization was shattered, as idealizations about college life so often are, by the Class of 2017 Facebook group. Reading post after commiserating post, I knew that we risked returning to the very ethos from which I so longed to escape.

As we’ve all witnessed firsthand, stress and self-pity inexorably become competitive: not only do we complain about the toughness of our circumstances, we also brag about it. See how long you have to wait until a fellow student mentions his or her orgo test, internship application and how little sleep he or she has been getting.

While this is obviously obnoxious for a variety of reasons, what scares me the most is our potential ability to exaggerate our workload — highlighting and advertising our unpreparedness for all to see.

It seems that we are bragging about how much work we have, as if having more work makes us more serious, more legitimate and

more talented. By complaining, we project an air of being overworked, meaning that if we do happen to do well, our success is all the more impressive. We hope to become the person who can juggle it all, but somehow manages to pull it off in the end, á la Sarah Jessica Parker in “I Don’t Know How She Does It,” the classic film about a modern woman who attempts to balance work and a personal life, but ultimately ends up stressed and unhappy (though, to be honest, I have not seen this movie; I just know that in the trailer she constantly is carrying lots of bags and is overwhelmed).

It seems that being just like Sarah Jessica Parker’s character is a goal shared by most of my peers: we believe that we can only be (and seem) successful if we are overstressed and slightly depressed.

Simultaneously, by outwardly and inwardly pitying our workload and environment, we mentally excuse ourselves from responsibility for our failure. If we happen to not do well on a test, we don’t acknowledge that it might be because we chose to go on Facebook rather than reading the textbook. Instead, we blame our workload, and how little time we had to study for the test. Often, this blame is flippantly placed (“el oh

el I didn’t have any time to even study, I TOTALLY bombed it”) so as to convince the listener that such a failure was not indicative of the speaker’s abilities, but merely the result of circumstance.

By portraying ourselves to be up against gratuitously difficult circumstances, we can take all the credit for our success, and none of the responsibility if we ever do fail.

For the same reason, we constantly advertise how little we worked or studied for something, such that our success acts as a testament to our innate intelligence.

And yet, the most problematic aspect is that we constantly pity our circumstances. How can we be happy if we are totally preoccupied with finding reasons for our unhappiness? On vacations, we complain about how much work we should be doing. It never ends.

Until we stop glorifying our stress and start valuing actual happiness, we will forever be stressed.

Let’s resolve then, as a class, that we are going to abandon Sarah Jessica Parker once and for all, and that happiness, instead of selfimposed misery, might not be so bad.

CHARLES BARDEY is a freshman in Silliman College. Contact him at charles.bardey@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 3

MAYORAL ELECTION

ON CAMPUS

Elicker ups campus presence Glover endorses Fernandez

BY MATTHEW LLOYD-THOMAS STAFF REPORTER Over Yorkside pizza and cake on Saturday, mayoral candidate Justin Elicker FES ’10 SOM ’10 made his pitch to Yale students for why he should receive their votes in the Democratic primary just over a week away.

Hosted by Yale for Elicker and held in the cavernous Dwight Hall common room, the event allowed Elicker to present both his vision for the entire city and his stance on issues pertinent to Yale. The 19 students present half an hour into the two-hour event comprised both Elicker supporters and undecided voters. In both individual conversations with students and his speech to the entire group of attendees, Elicker emphasized his commitment to public service, dislike of rhetoric and reliance on well-researched policy.

“What makes me feel meaningful is public service and making people’s lives better,” Elicker told the group. “So many politicians are not focused on the solution and are just focused on getting re-elected.”

Elicker began his speech after mingling with small groups for 30 minutes, discussing his personal background, the state of the mayoral race and what distinguishes him as a candidate. He also touched on issues ranging from public finance to the role of the mayor.

In a jab at Toni Harp, who

Elicker said he considers his most formidable opponent, the alderman emphasized that 80 percent of his donations come from within New Haven, whereas 70 percent of Harp’s are from beyond the city’s borders. He also suggested that several campaign promises — Harp’s of 10,000 jobs for the city and Henry Fernandez’s of youth centers in every neighborhood — were unrealistic and that he is the most pragmatic candidate in the race.

After speaking, Elicker answered several questions from students. Although most asked questions that allowed the candidate to expound upon his platform, emphasizing issues such as sustainability and continuing positive Yale-New Haven relations, one student, Phil Esterman ’17, who said he came to the event to help decide which candidate to support, adopted a tougher line of questioning, asking Elicker how he has reached out beyond his ward.

“I’m not just the East Rock alderman,” Elicker replied, saying that he had canvassed and phone banked in every neighborhood of the city.

When asked about his question later, Esterman said he found Elicker’s response genuine, and that he appreciated the alderman’s emphasis on policies that “transcend” class and race. Nevertheless, the freshman, who said he would vote for Elicker, added that he still harbors doubts about the candidate’s ability to relate to

constituents across the Elm City.

Saturday’s event continued the Elicker campaign’s pattern of maintaining a strong presence on Yale’s campus. Last week, the candidate toured campus, even helping some freshmen move into their dorm rooms. Aside from his personal presence, Elicker has relied upon a small group of students, Yale for Elicker, to promote his candidacy.

But despite his presence on campus, Elicker, like the other three mayoral candidates, has struggled to engage Yale students in significant numbers. Yale for Elicker leader Drew Morrison ’15, however, suggested that more students will vote in the Nov. 5 general election than in the Sept.

10 primary. Elicker has said that if he loses the primary, he will run as an independent in the general election.

Elicker has also had to contend with the strong name recognition of Harp, who is endorsed by aldermen Sarah Eidelson ’12 and Jeanette Morrison, both of whom represent parts of Yale’s campus.

Ben Ackerman ’16, who came to Saturday’s event, said that Harp’s endorsements, which also include Sen. Chris Murphy and Gov. Dannel Malloy, comprise most of his knowledge of the campaign.

Elicker was the first contender to enter this year’s mayoral race, declaring his candidacy on Jan. 23.

Contact MATTHEW LLOYD-THOMAS at matthew.lloyd-thomas@yale.edu .

BY ISAAC STANLEY-BECKER STAFF REPORTER Actor and political activist Danny Glover told a throng of students and city residents gathered in the African-American Cultural House on Monday night that, in a critical time for cities across America, Henry Fernandez LAW ’94 is their best bet for mayor of New Haven.

Fernandez is running in a four-way race to replace retiring New Haven Mayor John DeStefano Jr. In a week, he will face off in a Democratic primary against Connecticut State Sen. Toni Harp ARC ’78, Ward 10 Alderman Justin Elicker FES ’10 SOM ’10 and Hillhouse High School Principal Kermit Carolina.

Monday’s event was the latest in a series of outreach efforts Fernandez has been conducting on Yale’s campus. On Thursday, he canvassed students on Cross Campus, followed by an appearance on Sunday at the extracurricular bazaar in Payne Whitney Gymnasium, an opportunity Elicker also used to speak with student voters.

“I’m sitting right here with the next mayor of New Haven,” said Glover, who is widely known for his roles in “The Color Purple,” “Predator 2” and the “Lethal Weapon” franchise.

In addition to his acting work, Glover has long been involved politically as an activist. He has spoken in support of the labor movement, con-

demned the war in Iraq and aligned himself with occupy encampments nationwide.

Glover first met Fernandez through the mayoral candidate’s wife, Kica Matos, who worked with the actor on anticapital punishment campaigns.

Glover’s presence in Connecticut city and state politics dates back to 2006, when Fernandez, who was working as the city’s economic development administrator, convinced him to endorse DeStefano’s gubernatorial bid.

Glover said he is supporting Fernandez because of the candidate’s history with student activism and his ability to actuate the potential of young people and other city residents to create positive change in city government.

“This is a transformative moment for our cities,” Glover said. “What is important is that we develop and elevate new leadership: young people like Henry Fernandez or young people like you in the audience.”

Both Glover and Fernandez encouraged audience members to become active in their communities and to unite behind progressive causes.

“There has never been a struggle in America that did not start with young people,” Fernandez said. “I hope you see your time here as an opportunity to change the world.”

Fernandez said his experiences growing up in relative poverty in New York and going

on to receive two Ivy League degrees imbued him with a “sense of obligation and commitment to people who are struggling.”

He said he is running to make “big changes here,” changes that will put to bed the “myth that cities like New Haven are ungovernable.”

“This is the most important election in a generation,” he said. “New Haven is really on a precipice.”

He said that only by reinvesting in education and economic development and by reducing crime can New Haven avoid “fall[ing] off the table.”

Students who attended the event said they did so primarily to see Glover, but added that they were inspired by the two speakers’ call to action.

Shoshana Davidoff-Gore ’17 said she sees New Haven’s problems as parallel to the problems facing the city of Baltimore, her hometown. Despite Fernandez’s appeal to register to vote in New Haven, DavidoffGore said she would remain registered in Baltimore.

Venetia Ginakakis ’14 said she is registered to vote in New Haven but is not yet persuaded to vote for Fernandez.

“I’ll have to look into the other candidates,” she said.

The Democratic Primary is on Sept. 10.

Contact ISAAC STANLEY-BECKER at isaac.stanley-becker@yale.edu .

Eight days before primary, Harp fields questions from students

BY MONICA DISARE STAFF REPORTER With only eight days before the mayoral primary, State Sen. Toni Harp ARC ’78 spent time on Yale’s campus fielding questions from inquisitive Elis about her candidacy for mayor.

Harp shared information about her platform, including what distinguishes her from other candidates and her plans for education reform in the Elm City. In attendance at the event — which

started at Timothy Dwight College — were Ward 1 Alderman Sarah Eidelson ’12, Ella Wood ’15, who is running for Doug Hausladen’s ’04 seat in Ward 7, and Ward 22 Alderman Jeanette Morrison.

After a short session in TD, Harp walked throughout campus, stopping in Silliman College, Cross Campus and Berkeley College while handing out flyers to students and offering to help register them to vote in New Haven.

Asked several times throughout the day what sets her apart from

the other three remaining mayoral candidates — Ward 10 Alderman Justin Elicker FES ’10 SOM ’10, former city economic development administrator Henry Fernandez LAW ’94 and Hillhouse High School Principal Kermit Carolina — Harp cited her experience, adding that she knows how to get the job done.

Harp, who has worked in the state senate for 20 years, said that her relationship with Gov. Dannel Malloy and her ability to work with the state government will

allow New Haven to secure much needed state funds. She has been endorsed by Malloy as well as Senator Chris Murphy.

Harp, Eidelson and Morrison also spoke about the importance of reopening the Dixwell Community “Q” house, a community center for youth and families.

In addition to supporting the “Q” house, Harp discussed her plan to improve the New Haven Public School system. Harp spoke of the need to strengthen the schools as quickly as possible,

which she said begins with educating students before kindergarten. She proposed a full-day preschool program that she said could be made feasible by combining funding from different levels of government.

Other education initiatives she mentioned were creating a stronger reading program and providing professional certificates to high school students who are not going to attend college. In today’s economy, she said, some students will not be able to attend college, but

they will still need a professional certificate in order to secure a job.

Harp said that she would continue to look for “financial” and “intellectual” support from Yale to help solve the problems of unemployment in New Haven.

According to the United States Department of Labor, the unemployment rate in the city of New Haven as of July 2013 was 12.4 percent.

Contact MONICA DISARE at monica.disare@yale.edu .

DIANA LI/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Mayoral hopefuls square off in a debate for NBC Connecticut. From left: Toni Harp ARC ’78, Henry Fernandez LAW ’94, Justin Elicker FES ’10 SOM ’10 and Kermit Carolina.

TONI HARP

H E N RY F E RNA N D E Z

JUSTIN ELICKER

K E R M I T CA R O L I NA

State Sen. Toni Harp ARC ’78, who has represented New Haven in the General Assembly for years and co-chairs the powerful Appropriations Committee, is the presumed frontrunner of the race, having received the backing of Yale’s unions, the most potent political force in the city.

Henry Fernandez LAW ’94, a former city economic development director and DeStefano administration official, led the field in total money raised as of the last fundraising deadline.

He co-founded the youth agency LEAP and served on President Obama’s transition team in 2009.

Ward 10 Alderman Justin Elicker FES ’10 SOM ’10 has served two terms as a representative of New Haven’s East Rock neighborhood.

Along with Carolina, he is one of two candidates participating in the Democracy Fund, New Haven’s public finance system.

Born in New Haven, Hillhouse High School Principal Kermit Carolina has worked for New Haven Public Schools for over two decades. Participating in public financing along with Elicker, Carolina has focused his campaign on youth issues.

PAGE 4

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

FROM THE FRONT

Education Studies Major Yale’s Education Studies major requires the prerequisite of EDST 110, which is an overview of the foundations in education studies. Following completion of EDST 110, freshman and sophomore students may apply to the major. The major offers five courses through the 2013-’14 academic year, and the director of undergraduate studies is Elizabeth Carroll.

Ed. Studies to welcome ‘Undergraduate Scholars’ ED. STUDIES FROM PAGE 1 Levesque, assistant dean to Yale College who oversees Education Studies. “She has a natural rapport with students, strong administrative skills and a commitment to building relationships across campus with students and faculty who are interested in promoting the study of education.”

With a new director comes a new direction. Carroll said she hopes to create a more streamlined program that brings the many education-related opportunities at Yale under one umbrella.

Under her leadership, students will have the opportunity to become “Education Studies Undergraduate Scholars” by participating in a redesigned application-based program that formalizes the Education Studies track for the first time since the termination of Teacher Preparation.

“I’m glad I’m here tasked with continuing the formation or reformation of Education Studies here on campus,” Carroll said.

“I’m just really excited to continue working with students to make it something they want and something that is also a good contribution to Yale College.”

A PROGRAM IN FLUX

Tom James ’12 spent the majority of his senior year in a classroom — but not at Yale.

James was the last student to graduate from Yale’s Teacher Preparation Program, a track that enabled students to matriculate as accredited teachers. Through the program, James spent his senior year teaching four classes at High School in the Community on 175 Water St., where he now teaches mathematics. But before James left Yale, the University terminated the teacher preparation program, citing budgetary constraints and waning student interest.

Administrators allowed James to complete the Teacher Preparation track, and he was the last student to graduate as a certified teacher in 2012.

“Yale’s decision [to cancel the Teacher Preparation program]

seems to embrace and affirm the philosophy that teaching does not require any kind of rigorous training,” James wrote in an op-ed for the News on Dec. 1, 2010. “Rather than carefully preparing me for my profession of choice — as it does for my classmates who want to go into medicine, engineering or academia — my University is telling me and the other juniors enrolled in Teacher Prep that we had better figure it out on our own because it sure isn’t worth Yale’s time or money.”

Despite the changes in the University’s program offerings, student demand for educationrelated courses has remained high. According to the Yale Blue Book website, 62 students are currently shopping John Starr’s 18-person seminar, “Public Schools and Politics,” and the Office of Institutional Research reported that one year after graduation, 18 percent of the class of 2010 was employed in a career in education, up from 11 percent in the class of 2000.

After the cancellation of the Teacher Preparation program, the University continued to offer education courses under the umbrella of “Education Studies,” but the nebulous formulation of the new program prompted many to question its future.

Following the 2012 departure of Cole-Taylor, who succeeded Gillette as director of Education Studies, administrators asserted that the University would not abandon Education Studies.

“We are going to be making some new appointments to continue offering Education Studies,” Yale College Dean Mary Miller told the news after ColeTaylor’s announcement. “It’s actually a transition rather than a phasing out, making a transition to a non-certification program.”

In the absence of a full-time director, students took the future of Education Studies into their own hands. Grace Lindsey ’15 and Sophia Weissmann ’14 compiled a report last school-year that included survey data and testimonies from current students and alumni in the program that emphasized the importance of

GRAPH PERCENTAGE OF YALE GRADUATES WHO WENT INTO JOBS IN EDUCATION High: 19%

20%

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having a centralized resource for students interested in education.

Lindsey said talks with the administration soon allayed her and other students’ worst fears about the program. She said she saw that administrators wanted to continue the program, but had not yet decided how best to do so.

“It soon became clear that we were very much in agreement in terms of there being a need for this,” Lindsey said. “There are lots of interesting things happening on campus surrounding education but no central location or resource.”

Both Lindsey and Weissmann served as student representatives to the advisory committee that appointed Carroll to be the new director.

NEW DIRECTIONS

Starting this semester, Yale students interested in studying education will be able to participate in the inaugural Education Studies Undergraduate Scholars program.

Carroll said the program will enable students to take an interdisciplinary approach to the study of education. All students will take EDST 110, an introductory course that Carroll will

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teach, in addition to educationrelated electives and a capstone course for seniors. The track will include a summer component, during which students must hold a job or internship in the field of education.

Levesque, the assistant dean whose office oversees Education Studies, said the new format will resemble other programs at Yale, such as Energy Studies, Global Health Scholars and Yale Journalism Scholars.

“Like these other new programs, the study of education is highly interdisciplinary, drawing upon research in diverse fields ranging from history and philosophy, to politics and economics, to cognitive science and neurobiology,” Levesque said. “The program provides a structure for bringing together students and faculty who share an interest in the study of education. It also follows the model of these other programs by connecting students to dedicated internship opportunities.”

Carroll said current freshmen and sophomores will be able to apply to the program this year, though she added that the details of the application have not yet been finalized.

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Carroll said EDST 190, “Schools, Communities and the Teacher,” and its associated halfcredit observation course EDST 192, which brought students into New Haven classrooms, will not be taught this year. Still, she added that she hopes to reintegrate observation into the courses as the program grows.

All students interviewed who had participated in Yale’s Education Studies program agreed that the observational component was a central part of their experience.

“I think the observation component is really important — that’s what got me so invested in education studies,” Weissmann said. “I had worked in schools before, but observing and being told what to pay attention to, and then talking through those observations in seminars was critical, and I hope that opportunity continues to be there for students.”

While Carroll said she hopes to maintain the program’s prior emphasis on practice, she added that she aims to broaden the course offerings to focus on three primary areas — practice, policy and research.

James, the last student who graduated from Yale’s Teacher

2010

Preparation Program, cautioned against moving too far in the direction of policy study at the expense of pedagogy.

“Something I feel like I’m realizing going into my second year of teaching is that the education leaders and policymakers who are most respected and whose vision has the most buy-in from the people on the ground are the ones who have done the hard work in the classroom itself,” James said.

Carroll said she is assembling a student advisory committee to help steer Education Studies into the future, adding that she will continue to solicit opinions from alumni on the program moving forward.

Weissmann said she is optimistic about the program’s future under Carroll.

“I do see Education Studies as very much a program that is expanding, [but] it’s not where we want it to be yet, so we’re going to be putting a lot of work into it,” Weissmann said. “Really, my time is ending here, and it is so important to me that this program continues.”

Contact JANE DARBY MENTON at jane.menton@yale.edu .

Harp throws weight behind aldermanic candidates ENDORSEMENTS FROM PAGE 1 the state senate and asked for the students’ support — not just for her candidacy but for the slate of what she said were like-minded women.

“I hope that you will support all of these women,” she said. “No offense to any of the young men, but I really think that women bring — if you think about your mothers — a different dedication to actually solving problems that affect the greater family. And this is our great opportunity to begin to really address the things that have plagued this community.”

Following four short stump speeches, each candidate said she was officially supporting the other three.

Major endorsements from members of the city’s Democratic establishment — including from the Democratic Town Committee and a majority of city lawmakers on the New Haven Board of Aldermen — have situated Harp as the frontrunner leading into the Democratic primary.

The coveted backing of Yale’s Unite Here unions, Locals 34 and 35, won Harp the support of an extensive vote-pulling operation that helped 14 out of 15 unionbacked candidates clinch aldermanic seats in 2011.

The chairperson of the Yale Political Union’s independent party, Wood is also a member of Students Unite Now, an activist group that formed out of its campaign work on behalf of Eidelson in 2011. Wood spent the summer in New Haven, working for New Haven Rising, an umbrella activist organization, and Unite Here.

Previously a resident of Ward 2, Wood moved from her apartment on Dwight Street two days before filing petitions to challenge Ward 7 Alderman Doug Hausladen ’04. She now lives near the intersection of Humphrey and Orange Streets. Former Unite Here organizer Hugh Baran ’09 helped gather signa-

tures for Wood prior to the filing deadline and also signed off as her witness on all of her petitions.

“There are people out there in the ward and in the city who have been fighting for their visions for their communities for decades,” Wood said to her classmates gathered Monday. “It’s exciting to see people speaking to each other and getting plugged into the political system.”

Wood has criticized Hausladen for not being sufficiently engaged with residents across his ward. Nathan Campbell ’14, a volunteer on Wood’s campaign, said Ward 7 is rife with residents to whom Hausladen has never reached out.

Wood and Hausladen will face off in a debate on Thursday.

Reached Monday afternoon, Hausladen said the fourway endorsement illustrates an increasing uniformity of voices on the Board of Aldermen and a need for more “independent voices.”

“The machine in town has picked me as their favorite target for this election season,” he added.

Hausladen, who endorsed Eidelson in her 2011 campaign, said he has been disappointed with her first term in office.

When Hausladen reached out to Eidelson and Morrison about a dangerous intersection on the corner of Temple and Wall Streets that was posing a threat to a handicapped student in Timothy Dwight College, he never heard back from either of them, he said. Timothy Dwight College falls in Ward 22, Morrison’s district.

“When [Eidelson’s] constituents needed her, she was nowhere to be found,” he said.

He said he found Harp’s endorsement of Wood “even more peculiar” than Eidelson’s.

“I don’t trust the judgment of anyone who endorses a 19-yearold who has never voted in a New Haven election before,” he said.

ISAAC STANLEY-BECKER/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Sarah Eidelson ’13, left, was one of three aldermanic candidates to receive support from mayoral candidate Toni Harp ARC ’78, center, on Monday.

After Monday’s lunch, Eidelson said she supports Wood because she thinks she is “more able to get students connected to the city” and is “committed to moving this city forward.”

“My conversations with Ella have made it clear to me that she is the candidate who will be the strongest ally on the Board,” she said.

Eidelson responded to criticisms of Wood that allege that she has not lived in Ward 7 long enough by saying that “ward lines are sometimes arbitrary;

they often cut right through neighborhoods.

In her brief remarks to the student audience, Harp focused on the importance of rehabilitating the city’s public schools and youth centers and on fostering a sense of unity throughout the city — among Yale students, downtown residents and, according to Harp, the oftenneglected inhabitants of Dixwell, Newhallville and Fair Haven neighborhoods.

Harp said her experience in the state legislature distin-

guished her from her three opponents: Hillhouse High School Principal Kermit Carolina, Ward 10 Alderman Justin Elicker FES ’10 SOM ’10 and Henry Fernandez LAW ‘94, a political consultant and former New Haven economic development administrator.

“We’ve gone through the past 20 years of having a mayor who has no relationship with the governor,” she said. “Over 50 percent of our budget comes from the state of Connecticut. Not one of the other candidates has

even testified before the general assembly. They don’t understand how it works. It is a lifeline for New Haven. I understand how it works. I have a relationship with the governor. You may say you want to do these things, but to actually get them done, I know how to do it.”

Harp was first elected to the state senate in 1992.

Contact ISAAC STANLEY-BECKER at isaac.stanley-becker@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 5

NEWS

“The arts and humanities are vastly more important in troubled times.”

JIM LEACH CHAIRMAN OF THE NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE HUMANITIES AND FORMER MEMBER OF THE U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

Gendler appointed deputy provost

PHILIPP ARNDT/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

Tamar Gendler, former chair of the Philosophy Department, steps into her new role as deputy provost for the humanities and initiatives today.

BY SOPHIE GOULD STAFF REPORTER Philosophy Department Chair Tamar Gendler will join the Provost’s Office today in the newly created role of deputy provost for the humanities and initiatives.

Gendler will hold her new position for one year, during which she will collaborate with Emily Bakemeier, deputy provost for the arts and humanities, and will also serve as a point person for any “special initiatives” that the University undertakes during Yale President Peter Salovey’s first year at the helm of the University. Though Gendler’s new position is a one-year, part-time role that will allow her to continue her research and teaching, Gendler said philosophy professor Stephen Darwall has taken over the chairmanship of the Philosophy

Department as of this morning.

“I am very grateful to [Gendler] for her willingness to contribute her perspective and energy to our office in this year of transition and of major steps forward for the University,” Provost Benjamin Polak said in a memo to the Faculty of Arts and Sciences on Friday.

Gendler said the creation of an additional position within the Provost’s Office was the result of conversations between Polak and over 50 professors in the humanities over the past several months.

The combined arts and humanities portfolio was too large for any single person to manage, she said.

Though Bakemeier, who has overseen the arts and humanities since 2009, said she and Gendler have yet to confirm how they will share responsibilities, she said she is “thrilled” to be working alongside

Gendler in sharing the humanities portfolio.

Gendler’s arrival in the Provost’s Office will allow Bakemeier

I hope I can … be a collecting board for exciting ideas from around the campus and think about the ways that those can … be realized.

TAMAR GENDLER Deputy provost for the humanities and initiatives, Yale University to devote more time to the arts, while giving more manpower to

the humanities, Bakemeier said.

Describing the humanities as “one of the jewels of Yale,” Gendler said she is looking forward to thinking about the ways in which humanities fields can remain strong at Yale, even as the University builds its resources in other areas.

In addition to overseeing the humanities, Gendler — who holds professorships in philosophy, psychology, cognitive science and humanities — said she hopes to be a point person for ideas that students, faculty and staff have about improving the University.

“There’s a new administration with Salovey at the helm and Polak in the provost’s seat, and the campus has been rife with ideas and suggestions by students, faculty and staff,” she said. “There’s never been somebody who’s a point person to help turn inno-

vation and creative thoughts into actual University policy and practice, and what I hope I can do is be a collecting board for exciting ideas from around the campus and think about the ways that those can work synergistically with one another and be realized.”

Gendler said she did not want to commit to being deputy provost for more than one year because she loves the “trio of responsibilities” she has had since 2010: teaching, conducting research and serving as chair of the Philosophy Department. She said she wanted to reserve the option of going back to those responsibilities if she does not find her new position similarly fulfilling.

Professors interviewed said they were pleased with the appointment and added that Gendler’s enthusiasm, intellect and experience as a department chair

make her well-suited to this new role. “[Gendler] will bring tremendous energy to this position,” Darwall said. “She has good ideas and an impressive breadth of intellectual interests and vision.”

Gendler has been an “excellent” chair of the Philosophy Department, said Kenneth Winkler, philosophy professor and director of undergraduate studies. He added that he is sorry to see Gendler vacate the chairmanship, but he said he is “delighted that her wisdom and energy, and her commitment to interdisciplinary initiatives, will be serving the wider cause of the humanities at Yale.”

Polak did not respond to requests for comment.

Contact SOPHIE GOULD at sophie.gould@yale.edu .

NACC settles into new home on Crown Street

BY CYNTHIA HUA STAFF REPORTER

CYNTHIA HUA/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

The new Native American Cultural Center, located on Crown Street, will open its doors to students Sept. 15.

A three-story house sporting a bright, red brick façade and a column porch on the corner of High and Crown will soon open its doors as the new Native American Cultural Center.

Formerly used as graduate student housing, the building is a short walk from the NACC’s former residence on the top floor of 295 Crown St. The group announced the move in November 2011 and completed renovations on the 4,650-square foot building, which will officially be open for use on Sept. 15, this summer.

Members of the NACC said they are excited that the organization has finally found a resting place where it can expand and grow.

“It’s been a lot of work to get where we’re at,” said Theodore Van Alst, director of the NACC. “A lot of people have contributed and it shows commitment from Yale.”

Since the NACC was founded 20 years ago at Yale, it has cycled through sites it shared with La Casa as well as the Asian American Cultural Center. The group has also borrowed spaces such as Yale College Dean Mary Miller’s house for events.

The house, located at 26 High St., is owned by the University and the renovations were a project overseen by the Provost’s Office.

Students helping move into the space over the weekend said they hope to use the house for enhancing its programs, such as holding Blue Feather Drum Group practices in a gallery lit up by a skylight. The kitchen will provide a place where members can share meals and make frybread — an “Indian taco” of fried, gluey dough — or enjoy Van Alst’s cooking specialties, buffalo burgers and

barbecue.

Members of the house also said they look forward to throwing larger social events, perhaps hosting their first major party. “[The new building] will definitely lend itself well to social gatherings,” said Justin Riner ’16, a NACC peer liaison. “While we do want it to be a space for culture, we also want it to be a place to bond.”

Van Alst said a grand opening and formal dedication is planned for November, arranged to coincide with the fourth Henry Roe Cloud Conference, which is a celebration of native culture open to alumni and students and named in honor of a man believed to be the first Native American to earn a Yale degree.

Riner said he found mentorship and friendship within the NACC his freshman year and he believes the new space — which includes a new lounge furnished with comfortable seating and a large television — will allow more students to have the same bonding experience.

The new residence will also open up room to display art that relates to the Native American heritage, Van Alst said, and the décor throughout the new NACC will reflect cultural forms from many tribal nations. Among the accumulated work are vintage Yale powwow posters advertising traditional Native American dances and celebrations at the Payne Whitney Gymnasium as well as contemporary art such as a poster of “LEGO My Land” by pop artist Steven Judd.

The Association of Native Americans at Yale plans to have its first meeting of the year Tuesday evening at the new center.

Contact CYNTHIA HUA at cynthia.hua@yale.edu .

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YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 7

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

“Man is the only animal for whom his own existence is a problem which he has to solve.”

ERICH FROMM GERMAN SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGIST AND PHILOSOPHER

Lemur moms share parenting responsibilities

Gut-brain messenger key in obesity

BY DAN WEINER STAFF REPORTER A new Yale study may help scientists develop novel treatments for obesity.

Researchers at the Yale School of Medicine have identified a chemical messenger in the gut that links chronically high-fat diets to patterns of brain activity that encourage obesity. The finding not only provides researchers with a new target for modulating how the body processes the mental rewards from food, but also has treatment implications for other substance abuse disorders. The study was published in the journal Science on Aug. 16.

“We discovered that there is this specific molecular messenger in the intestine that seems to be responsible for the alteration in brain reward function that we usually observe in obese individuals,” said Yale senior author and professor of psychiatry Ivan de Araujo.

I think that’s very, very interesting — that you can have something like the gut telling the brain how to act.

ANDREA BADEN

Yale researchers spent six years studying cooperative child-rearing in ruffled lemurs in Madagascar’s Ranomafana National Park.

BY PAYAL MARATHE STAFF REPORTER Lemurs and humans might seem like starkly different creatures, but a recent study by Yale researchers shows that they raise their young in similar ways.

Published on Aug. 6 in the journal Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, the study finds that ruffed lemurs in Madagascar participate in cooperative child-rearing, putting their young in nests together and sharing the duties of motherhood.

Molecular anthropology postdoctoral research associate Andrea Baden, first author of the study, said this type of cooperative infant care has previously been seen only

in humans.

From 2005 to 2010, Baden and her team followed a community of black-and-white ruffed lemurs in Madagascar’s Ranomafana National Park. They noticed that many baby lemurs were grouped together into kindergartens, and those that were raised through this cooperative care system had greater survival rates.

While only two out of five lemurs with single mothers survived, 13 out of 14 lemurs with cooperative mothers survived.

“It seems like infant survival is driving cooperation, but we don’t know what the approximate mechanisms are,” Baden said.

She said it has been suggested that female adults who share par-

enting responsibilities have more time away from the nest to hunt, and stronger, well-nourished mothers can then provide more nutrition to their young. These cooperative mothers may have higher milk quality or may be better at protecting the nest from predators, she added.

Even more interesting than the discovery of lemur kindergartens was the finding that genetic relatedness had no impact on whether females would cooperate — some non-kin participated in co-nesting, while some kin did not.

Study co-author Brenda Bradley, an assistant professor of anthropology at Yale, said evolutionary scientists too often assume that

the only reason for cooperation in the wild is kin selection, the theory that animals will help their relatives because they want their genes to be passed on to the next generation.

[The study] reinforces the idea that we can’t just assume cooperation is kinbased.

BRENDA BRADLEY Assistant professor, Dept. of Anthropology Bradley said this study provides

Study links MRI tests, mastectomies

compelling evidence that cooperation is not driven solely by kin selection.

“This was the most surprising result, and it reinforces the idea that we can’t just assume cooperation is kin-based,” Bradley said. “What this study finds is that to cooperate is actually beneficial for the mothers and infants as mutualism.”

She added that this research provides insight into the evolution of day care.

Most people think of day care as uniquely human, but nonhuman primates also participate in day care and reap the benefits of cooperative child-rearing, Bradley said.

She added that these findings have important implications for species

conservation as well.

The increasing threat of climate change could have an effect on ruffed lemur reproductive patterns, which is something she said she hopes to address in the future, especially given that this species is critically endangered.

Baden has already started working on determining the proximate causes for cooperative child-rearing, which she said will require additional long-term behavioral research.

Baden started this project as part of her doctoral thesis research at Stony Brook University.

Contact PAYAL MARATHE at payal.marathe@yale.edu .

PAUL KENNY Neuroscience professor, Scripps Research Institute Past research has established that chronically fatty diets lead both to suppressed levels of dopamine activity in the reward center of the brain and reduced synthesis of an appetite-suppressing lipid messenger called OEA. Reduced dopamine function makes a given experience, like consuming food, less subjectively rewarding, and individuals compensate for the deficiency by seeking more of the reward — such as eating additional food.

To probe the link between the reduced dopamine and OEA activity, de Araujo and his team administered OEA to mice on high-fat diets.

These mice given OEA saw restored dopamine responses to food and increased likelihood of eating a less fatty diet.

The study presents research-

ers with multiple targets for treating obesity, said Scripps Research Institute neuroscience professor Paul Kenny. While he is skeptical that directly administering OEA to humans will be an effective treatment because a very large amount of the lipid would be needed to restore dopamine function, Kenny said future therapies could target some of the known pathways that communicate changes in OEA to the dopamine systems in the brain.

“I think it is fascinating that the

gut can have such a large role on the brain,” Kenny said. “From a philosophical perspective, I think that’s very, very interesting — that you can have something like the gut telling the brain how to act and not the other way around.”

The dopamine pathways blunted in obesity are similarly pathological in other impulsivity disorders like drug addictions, said Yale School of Medicine professor of psychiatry Dana Small. Many pharmacological treatments for impulsivity disor-

ders target the brain and have negative side effects, and Small said the study will help researchers develop therapies that modulate the same brain systems indirectly and without the side effects. She added that it is “really exciting” that the detrimental neural adaptation that occurs with high fat feeding seems to be reversible.

While the study’s testing of mice is a “screamingly obvious shortcoming” for its human implications, Kenny said mice and humans

Molecular origins of lung diseases identified

BY PAYAL MARATHE STAFF REPORTER Though magnetic resonance imaging, or MRI, has certainly advanced the field of diagnostic medicine, researchers at the School of Medicine have recently noticed an unintended consequence of the technology when used to diagnose breast cancer — an increase in breast removal surgeries.

A research team led by associate professor of general medicine Cary Gross and assistant professor of surgery Brigid Killelea reviewed Medicare data from 2000 to 2009 and found that women with breast cancer who received a preoperative breast MRI were later more likely to have one or both of their breasts removed in a procedure called a mastectomy. The study was published online in the journal Breast Cancer Research and Treatment on Aug. 14.

Although the study did not establish causation between MRI use and breast removal surgery, Killelea said the team can reasonably speculate why having an MRI would push women to choose a more aggressive surgery.

“MRI can really increase patient anxiety of developing breast cancer, but a lot of times this anxiety tends to be higher than the actual risk,” Killelea said.

Many of the lesions detected

by MRI tests are not malignant, said assistant professor of surgery Anees Chagpar, another member of the research team.

She added that women who receive an MRI sometimes have both breasts removed even if cancerous cells were only found in one.

The essential question, according to Chagpar, becomes whether the patient is opting for mastectomy because of personal values or because of heightened anxiety following an MRI. Considering the great economic cost of mastectomies —

share physiologically similar feeding behaviors. De Araujo said he now plans to apply the research from mice to gut-brain interactions in humans.

“I am confident that these findings will have some relevance to the human condition,” Kenny said.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately one in three American adults are currently obese.

Contact DAN WEINER at daniel.weiner@yale.edu .

LEAKS FROM THE LAB

Dome-head dinosaurs butted heads Yale geology and geophysics postdoctoral researcher Nicholas Longrich has coauthored a paper explaining that the evolutionary advantage of pachycephalosaurid dinosaurs’ dome-shaped skulls was to engage in head-butting behavior. The paper, published July 16 in the journal PLoS ONE, rejected an alternative hypothesis suggesting the domes were a method for attracting possible mates. The researchers from Yale and the University of Wisconsin examined the skulls of 109 dinosaurs from across 14 dinosaur species and found they contained a number of lesions in patterns similar to those of modern head-butting species such as mountain goats. The authors speculated that the lesions were symptoms of a condition called osteomyelitis — infection and inflammation of the bone or bone marrow — which could have been caused by intra-species conflict.

— Dhruv Aggarwal

Yale develops tiny spectrometer

JAN AINALI/WIKIMEDIA COMMONS

Researchers at the Yale School of Medicine found that women with breast cancer who received an MRI were later likelier to have one or both of their breasts removed in a mastectomy. the procedure is more expensive than ultrasounds or mammograms — as well as the personal psychological costs that come with breast removal, it is important that clinicians make sure MRI is being used appropriately, she added.

Gross explained that mastectomy is an appropriate option when there is significant risk of cancer recurrence. This study’s data set was comprised of women older than 64, who had low life expectancies and therefore less time for cancer to reappear, he said.

The team also highlighted the significance of discovering the correlation between MRI tests

and higher numbers of aggressive breast cancer surgeries.

When MRI was first introduced, it became a routine part of medical examinations for cancer patients — but now, diagnostic oncologists are realizing that MRI is not always necessary and can even be detrimental, Chagpar said.

“I think there’s certainly a role for MRI, but as a medical community we have to think about and continue to study MRI so we can use it more appropriately,” Killelea said. “I’m not sure that every woman with newly diagnosed breast cancer needs an MRI.” Gross agreed that this

research calls attention to diagnostic imaging tests, which develop so quickly that they are never carefully evaluated. This study demonstrates that in some situations, MRI can “do more harm than good,” he said.

He added that the medical field has to find a proper balance between the risks and benefits of giving breast cancer patients MRI tests.

The study was supported by the National Cancer Institute, the P30 Cancer Center Support Grant and the Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center.

Contact PAYAL MARATHE at payal.marathe@yale.edu .

BY MAREK RAMILO STAFF REPORTER An investigation into a mysterious protein has allowed a team of Yale researchers to identify the molecular origins of — and therefore potential solutions to — asthma, pneumonia and metastatic melanoma, a form of cancer that can spread to the lungs.

Jack Elias, formerly the chair of the Yale School of Medicine’s Department of Internal Medicine, looked closely at the protein chitinase 3-like 1 (Chi3l1), which appears at unusually high levels in humans with pulmonary disease.

Following a series of experiments on both mice and humans, Elias and his team were able to pinpoint the previously unclear process through which Chi3l1 causes

illness. Their studies were published in the August issue of Cell Reports, a medical journal that focuses on life science.

“We knew that, if you took a person with one of these [lung] diseases, and you measured how much of this protein was in their blood, that there would be an abnormal amount compared to a healthy control person’s blood.

And so we said, ‘Okay, why are they increased in these diseases?

What are they doing?’” said Elias, now the dean of medicine and biological sciences at Brown’s Alpert Medical School.

The study’s main setup involved three types of mice — those with normal or abnormally high levels of Chi3l1, as well as mice bred to have no Chi3l1 protein in their blood. Within each

type, some mice were subjected to a diseased lung condition, such as asthma or acute lung injury, while the rest were left unaffected. This experiment allowed Elias and his team to observe the relationship between Chi3l1 level and disease severity.

“We were able to define, in the mice studies, what this particular gene does at baseline, in a normal animal, and what it does in an animal that’s stressed [by disease],” Elias said.

Though the study encompassed several types of lung disease, each disease condition yielded similar and significant results: the mice in which Chi3l1 was inhibited, reduced or withheld demonstrated a lower disease incidence than did the mice in which Chi3l1 was present at

normal and increased levels.

Bing Ma, a Yale associate research scientist in pulmonary medicine, worked extensively on the experiments concerning the spread of lung cancer cells.

The results of these experiments have helped researchers precisely define the relationship between Chi3l1 and cancer: High levels of Chi3l1 protein prevent the production of cancer-fighting cells.

Similarly, high levels of Chi3l1 lead to an increase in cells causing asthma and other lung diseases.

“Cancer can survive in the body — there is an environment that allows cancer cells to grow.

If the cancer cells generate a lot of chitinase-like proteins, these proteins can stimulate an inhibitor for some cells that kill the cancer cells,” Ma said.

With this new insight into the development of these related lung diseases, researchers will now be able to find more effective ways to treat them. Charles Dela Cruz, a medical school assistant professor of pulmonary medicine on Elias’ team, said that understanding the specific mechanisms through which these chitinaselike proteins function makes it easier for researchers to develop efficient medical solutions.

“Discoveries do take time to lead to therapeutic options, but the results from these studies are quite encouraging,” Dela Cruz said. “One can envision that knowing these specific receptors and downstream pathways will lead to a targeted approach to controlling this pathway by inhibitors or antibodies that can regulate the

levels of these proteins and help in fighting diseases we see.”

In addition to finding more effective cures for asthma, melanoma and these other lung diseases, further research efforts will attempt to identify the pathways taken by similar chitinaselike proteins found in rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes.

“We’re on our way. It looks promising, but it’s early,” Elias said about current and future studies using these findings to guide new investigations into other diseases.

According to the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America, nearly 25 million Americans currently suffer from asthma.

Contact MAREK RAMILO at marek.ramilo@yale.edu .

Yale scientists led by physics and applied physics professor Hui Cao have developed a spectrometer that is no larger than a human hair — a development they hope will prove useful both inside and outside the lab. Spectrometers help determine a substance’s chemical composition, and are used in a variety of industries such as biomedical imaging and defense. However, larger spectrometers are needed for higher resolution, increasing the cost of production. To create their new spectrometer, the Yale researchers made holes on a tiny silicon chip, ensuring multiple scattering of incoming light and increasing the resolution offered by the spectrometer.

Tiny spectrometers such as the one produced by Yale are prized for their portability and low cost. The research team — which also includes applied physics postdoctorate researcher Brandon Redding, Seng Fatt Liew GRD ’14 and Raktim Sarma GRD ’16 — was funded by the National Science Foundation and the Yale Institute for Nanoscience and Quantum Engineering. — Dhruv Aggarwal

Diaper depression for low income mothers A study published in the August issue of the journal Pediatrics has linked depression in low-income mothers to their inability to afford diapers for their babies. Study lead author Megan Smith, associate professor of psychiatry at the Yale School of Medicine, concluded that this depression has long-term impacts on both mother and child. The low-income mothers studied could not buy diapers under the federal SNAP program and often could not afford the washing machines needed to clean cloth diapers. They also could often not take up jobs and training programs since child care centers required parents to provide a supply of disposable diapers. The data for the research was obtained by a Yale program called the New Haven Mental Health Outreach for Mothers (MOMS) Partnership. — Dhruv Aggarwal

PAGE 6

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 7

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

“Man is the only animal for whom his own existence is a problem which he has to solve.”

ERICH FROMM GERMAN SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGIST AND PHILOSOPHER

Lemur moms share parenting responsibilities

Gut-brain messenger key in obesity

BY DAN WEINER STAFF REPORTER A new Yale study may help scientists develop novel treatments for obesity.

Researchers at the Yale School of Medicine have identified a chemical messenger in the gut that links chronically high-fat diets to patterns of brain activity that encourage obesity. The finding not only provides researchers with a new target for modulating how the body processes the mental rewards from food, but also has treatment implications for other substance abuse disorders. The study was published in the journal Science on Aug. 16.

“We discovered that there is this specific molecular messenger in the intestine that seems to be responsible for the alteration in brain reward function that we usually observe in obese individuals,” said Yale senior author and professor of psychiatry Ivan de Araujo.

I think that’s very, very interesting — that you can have something like the gut telling the brain how to act.

ANDREA BADEN

Yale researchers spent six years studying cooperative child-rearing in ruffled lemurs in Madagascar’s Ranomafana National Park.

BY PAYAL MARATHE STAFF REPORTER Lemurs and humans might seem like starkly different creatures, but a recent study by Yale researchers shows that they raise their young in similar ways.

Published on Aug. 6 in the journal Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, the study finds that ruffed lemurs in Madagascar participate in cooperative child-rearing, putting their young in nests together and sharing the duties of motherhood.

Molecular anthropology postdoctoral research associate Andrea Baden, first author of the study, said this type of cooperative infant care has previously been seen only

in humans.

From 2005 to 2010, Baden and her team followed a community of black-and-white ruffed lemurs in Madagascar’s Ranomafana National Park. They noticed that many baby lemurs were grouped together into kindergartens, and those that were raised through this cooperative care system had greater survival rates.

While only two out of five lemurs with single mothers survived, 13 out of 14 lemurs with cooperative mothers survived.

“It seems like infant survival is driving cooperation, but we don’t know what the approximate mechanisms are,” Baden said.

She said it has been suggested that female adults who share par-

enting responsibilities have more time away from the nest to hunt, and stronger, well-nourished mothers can then provide more nutrition to their young. These cooperative mothers may have higher milk quality or may be better at protecting the nest from predators, she added.

Even more interesting than the discovery of lemur kindergartens was the finding that genetic relatedness had no impact on whether females would cooperate — some non-kin participated in co-nesting, while some kin did not.

Study co-author Brenda Bradley, an assistant professor of anthropology at Yale, said evolutionary scientists too often assume that

the only reason for cooperation in the wild is kin selection, the theory that animals will help their relatives because they want their genes to be passed on to the next generation.

[The study] reinforces the idea that we can’t just assume cooperation is kinbased.

BRENDA BRADLEY Assistant professor, Dept. of Anthropology Bradley said this study provides

Study links MRI tests, mastectomies

compelling evidence that cooperation is not driven solely by kin selection.

“This was the most surprising result, and it reinforces the idea that we can’t just assume cooperation is kin-based,” Bradley said. “What this study finds is that to cooperate is actually beneficial for the mothers and infants as mutualism.”

She added that this research provides insight into the evolution of day care.

Most people think of day care as uniquely human, but nonhuman primates also participate in day care and reap the benefits of cooperative child-rearing, Bradley said.

She added that these findings have important implications for species

conservation as well.

The increasing threat of climate change could have an effect on ruffed lemur reproductive patterns, which is something she said she hopes to address in the future, especially given that this species is critically endangered.

Baden has already started working on determining the proximate causes for cooperative child-rearing, which she said will require additional long-term behavioral research.

Baden started this project as part of her doctoral thesis research at Stony Brook University.

Contact PAYAL MARATHE at payal.marathe@yale.edu .

PAUL KENNY Neuroscience professor, Scripps Research Institute Past research has established that chronically fatty diets lead both to suppressed levels of dopamine activity in the reward center of the brain and reduced synthesis of an appetite-suppressing lipid messenger called OEA. Reduced dopamine function makes a given experience, like consuming food, less subjectively rewarding, and individuals compensate for the deficiency by seeking more of the reward — such as eating additional food.

To probe the link between the reduced dopamine and OEA activity, de Araujo and his team administered OEA to mice on high-fat diets.

These mice given OEA saw restored dopamine responses to food and increased likelihood of eating a less fatty diet.

The study presents research-

ers with multiple targets for treating obesity, said Scripps Research Institute neuroscience professor Paul Kenny. While he is skeptical that directly administering OEA to humans will be an effective treatment because a very large amount of the lipid would be needed to restore dopamine function, Kenny said future therapies could target some of the known pathways that communicate changes in OEA to the dopamine systems in the brain.

“I think it is fascinating that the

gut can have such a large role on the brain,” Kenny said. “From a philosophical perspective, I think that’s very, very interesting — that you can have something like the gut telling the brain how to act and not the other way around.”

The dopamine pathways blunted in obesity are similarly pathological in other impulsivity disorders like drug addictions, said Yale School of Medicine professor of psychiatry Dana Small. Many pharmacological treatments for impulsivity disor-

ders target the brain and have negative side effects, and Small said the study will help researchers develop therapies that modulate the same brain systems indirectly and without the side effects. She added that it is “really exciting” that the detrimental neural adaptation that occurs with high fat feeding seems to be reversible.

While the study’s testing of mice is a “screamingly obvious shortcoming” for its human implications, Kenny said mice and humans

Molecular origins of lung diseases identified

BY PAYAL MARATHE STAFF REPORTER Though magnetic resonance imaging, or MRI, has certainly advanced the field of diagnostic medicine, researchers at the School of Medicine have recently noticed an unintended consequence of the technology when used to diagnose breast cancer — an increase in breast removal surgeries.

A research team led by associate professor of general medicine Cary Gross and assistant professor of surgery Brigid Killelea reviewed Medicare data from 2000 to 2009 and found that women with breast cancer who received a preoperative breast MRI were later more likely to have one or both of their breasts removed in a procedure called a mastectomy. The study was published online in the journal Breast Cancer Research and Treatment on Aug. 14.

Although the study did not establish causation between MRI use and breast removal surgery, Killelea said the team can reasonably speculate why having an MRI would push women to choose a more aggressive surgery.

“MRI can really increase patient anxiety of developing breast cancer, but a lot of times this anxiety tends to be higher than the actual risk,” Killelea said.

Many of the lesions detected

by MRI tests are not malignant, said assistant professor of surgery Anees Chagpar, another member of the research team.

She added that women who receive an MRI sometimes have both breasts removed even if cancerous cells were only found in one.

The essential question, according to Chagpar, becomes whether the patient is opting for mastectomy because of personal values or because of heightened anxiety following an MRI. Considering the great economic cost of mastectomies —

share physiologically similar feeding behaviors. De Araujo said he now plans to apply the research from mice to gut-brain interactions in humans.

“I am confident that these findings will have some relevance to the human condition,” Kenny said.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately one in three American adults are currently obese.

Contact DAN WEINER at daniel.weiner@yale.edu .

LEAKS FROM THE LAB

Dome-head dinosaurs butted heads Yale geology and geophysics postdoctoral researcher Nicholas Longrich has coauthored a paper explaining that the evolutionary advantage of pachycephalosaurid dinosaurs’ dome-shaped skulls was to engage in head-butting behavior. The paper, published July 16 in the journal PLoS ONE, rejected an alternative hypothesis suggesting the domes were a method for attracting possible mates. The researchers from Yale and the University of Wisconsin examined the skulls of 109 dinosaurs from across 14 dinosaur species and found they contained a number of lesions in patterns similar to those of modern head-butting species such as mountain goats. The authors speculated that the lesions were symptoms of a condition called osteomyelitis — infection and inflammation of the bone or bone marrow — which could have been caused by intra-species conflict.

— Dhruv Aggarwal

Yale develops tiny spectrometer

JAN AINALI/WIKIMEDIA COMMONS

Researchers at the Yale School of Medicine found that women with breast cancer who received an MRI were later likelier to have one or both of their breasts removed in a mastectomy. the procedure is more expensive than ultrasounds or mammograms — as well as the personal psychological costs that come with breast removal, it is important that clinicians make sure MRI is being used appropriately, she added.

Gross explained that mastectomy is an appropriate option when there is significant risk of cancer recurrence. This study’s data set was comprised of women older than 64, who had low life expectancies and therefore less time for cancer to reappear, he said.

The team also highlighted the significance of discovering the correlation between MRI tests

and higher numbers of aggressive breast cancer surgeries.

When MRI was first introduced, it became a routine part of medical examinations for cancer patients — but now, diagnostic oncologists are realizing that MRI is not always necessary and can even be detrimental, Chagpar said.

“I think there’s certainly a role for MRI, but as a medical community we have to think about and continue to study MRI so we can use it more appropriately,” Killelea said. “I’m not sure that every woman with newly diagnosed breast cancer needs an MRI.” Gross agreed that this

research calls attention to diagnostic imaging tests, which develop so quickly that they are never carefully evaluated. This study demonstrates that in some situations, MRI can “do more harm than good,” he said.

He added that the medical field has to find a proper balance between the risks and benefits of giving breast cancer patients MRI tests.

The study was supported by the National Cancer Institute, the P30 Cancer Center Support Grant and the Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center.

Contact PAYAL MARATHE at payal.marathe@yale.edu .

BY MAREK RAMILO STAFF REPORTER An investigation into a mysterious protein has allowed a team of Yale researchers to identify the molecular origins of — and therefore potential solutions to — asthma, pneumonia and metastatic melanoma, a form of cancer that can spread to the lungs.

Jack Elias, formerly the chair of the Yale School of Medicine’s Department of Internal Medicine, looked closely at the protein chitinase 3-like 1 (Chi3l1), which appears at unusually high levels in humans with pulmonary disease.

Following a series of experiments on both mice and humans, Elias and his team were able to pinpoint the previously unclear process through which Chi3l1 causes

illness. Their studies were published in the August issue of Cell Reports, a medical journal that focuses on life science.

“We knew that, if you took a person with one of these [lung] diseases, and you measured how much of this protein was in their blood, that there would be an abnormal amount compared to a healthy control person’s blood.

And so we said, ‘Okay, why are they increased in these diseases?

What are they doing?’” said Elias, now the dean of medicine and biological sciences at Brown’s Alpert Medical School.

The study’s main setup involved three types of mice — those with normal or abnormally high levels of Chi3l1, as well as mice bred to have no Chi3l1 protein in their blood. Within each

type, some mice were subjected to a diseased lung condition, such as asthma or acute lung injury, while the rest were left unaffected. This experiment allowed Elias and his team to observe the relationship between Chi3l1 level and disease severity.

“We were able to define, in the mice studies, what this particular gene does at baseline, in a normal animal, and what it does in an animal that’s stressed [by disease],” Elias said.

Though the study encompassed several types of lung disease, each disease condition yielded similar and significant results: the mice in which Chi3l1 was inhibited, reduced or withheld demonstrated a lower disease incidence than did the mice in which Chi3l1 was present at

normal and increased levels.

Bing Ma, a Yale associate research scientist in pulmonary medicine, worked extensively on the experiments concerning the spread of lung cancer cells.

The results of these experiments have helped researchers precisely define the relationship between Chi3l1 and cancer: High levels of Chi3l1 protein prevent the production of cancer-fighting cells.

Similarly, high levels of Chi3l1 lead to an increase in cells causing asthma and other lung diseases.

“Cancer can survive in the body — there is an environment that allows cancer cells to grow.

If the cancer cells generate a lot of chitinase-like proteins, these proteins can stimulate an inhibitor for some cells that kill the cancer cells,” Ma said.

With this new insight into the development of these related lung diseases, researchers will now be able to find more effective ways to treat them. Charles Dela Cruz, a medical school assistant professor of pulmonary medicine on Elias’ team, said that understanding the specific mechanisms through which these chitinaselike proteins function makes it easier for researchers to develop efficient medical solutions.

“Discoveries do take time to lead to therapeutic options, but the results from these studies are quite encouraging,” Dela Cruz said. “One can envision that knowing these specific receptors and downstream pathways will lead to a targeted approach to controlling this pathway by inhibitors or antibodies that can regulate the

levels of these proteins and help in fighting diseases we see.”

In addition to finding more effective cures for asthma, melanoma and these other lung diseases, further research efforts will attempt to identify the pathways taken by similar chitinaselike proteins found in rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes.

“We’re on our way. It looks promising, but it’s early,” Elias said about current and future studies using these findings to guide new investigations into other diseases.

According to the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America, nearly 25 million Americans currently suffer from asthma.

Contact MAREK RAMILO at marek.ramilo@yale.edu .

Yale scientists led by physics and applied physics professor Hui Cao have developed a spectrometer that is no larger than a human hair — a development they hope will prove useful both inside and outside the lab. Spectrometers help determine a substance’s chemical composition, and are used in a variety of industries such as biomedical imaging and defense. However, larger spectrometers are needed for higher resolution, increasing the cost of production. To create their new spectrometer, the Yale researchers made holes on a tiny silicon chip, ensuring multiple scattering of incoming light and increasing the resolution offered by the spectrometer.

Tiny spectrometers such as the one produced by Yale are prized for their portability and low cost. The research team — which also includes applied physics postdoctorate researcher Brandon Redding, Seng Fatt Liew GRD ’14 and Raktim Sarma GRD ’16 — was funded by the National Science Foundation and the Yale Institute for Nanoscience and Quantum Engineering. — Dhruv Aggarwal

Diaper depression for low income mothers A study published in the August issue of the journal Pediatrics has linked depression in low-income mothers to their inability to afford diapers for their babies. Study lead author Megan Smith, associate professor of psychiatry at the Yale School of Medicine, concluded that this depression has long-term impacts on both mother and child. The low-income mothers studied could not buy diapers under the federal SNAP program and often could not afford the washing machines needed to clean cloth diapers. They also could often not take up jobs and training programs since child care centers required parents to provide a supply of disposable diapers. The data for the research was obtained by a Yale program called the New Haven Mental Health Outreach for Mothers (MOMS) Partnership. — Dhruv Aggarwal

PAGE 8

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

FROM THE FRONT

15

Number of Gourmet Heaven first-shift workers allegedly treated as independent contractors rather than full-time employees.

Investigators are looking into the claims brought against Gourmet Heaven. Among their findings were the 15 firstshift employees working in unfair conditions.

Complainant alleges he was underpaid GOURMET HEAVEN FROM PAGE 1 students are not going to buy at establishments that don’t pay minimum wage.”

Cho could not be reached for comment.

Those who gathered outside of Gourmet Heaven on Friday included Yale students and New Haven activists who decided to join the circle of protesters. They carried signs with messages such as, “Our sweat is not for free,” and “G-Hell,” while chanting “Ho, Ho, Hey, Hey, Gourmet Heaven has got to pay.”

The protests will continue every Friday afternoon until workers are paid legal wages and compensated with backpay, said Megan Fountain ’07, an organizer for New Haven-based immigrant rights advocacy group Unidad Latina en Accion. She added that there may be more than one protest a week in the future and that she expects more people to join in the demonstrations.

“Rain or shine … we’re in this for the long haul,” Fountain said.

To be honest, there was a time when I didn’t know anything about this or about my rights.

ADIN Past employee, Gourmet Heaven After working in five downtown New Haven restaurants, Adin claims to have earned less than the legal minimum wage in all but one of them. Adin, who worked at Gourmet Heaven for 11 months in 2012, said he was initially paid $360 per week at the Broadway restaurant and began earning $400 per week when he switched to working night shifts.

The figures, which compensated Adin for six 12-hour shifts

JACOB GEIGER/PHOTOGRAPHY EDITOR

Yale students and New Haven activists protested outside Gourmet Heaven Friday, asking for fair wages and working conditions for employees. per week, or 72 hours in total, put his hourly wage at $5.00 or $5.56 per hour, respectively. Connecticut’s current minimum wage is $8.25 per hour. After Adin asked Cho to raise his wage to the legal minimum, the owner offered to pay him an extra $20 per week, at which point Adin decided to leave and Cho “became furious.”

“The owner didn’t want me to go,” Adin said. “They offered me a $20 raise.”

In an interview with the News, Adin described the off-the-books

employment system that allows Cho to pay Gourmet Heaven employees well below the legal minimum wage. According to Adin, approximately 14 workers are employed at the store’s Broadway location at any given time, with slightly fewer employed at the Whitney location.

Adin said that the store is divided into four sections — the cash register, the kitchen, the sandwich counter and shelf stocking. Employees, according to Adin, work anywhere from eight

to 12 hour shifts.

Six of the store’s employees, Adin said, lived in a single room of the basement of a building owned

by Cho, for which they each paid $50 per week. The room, which according to Adin’s descriptions was likely no more than 450 square feet, was divided into separate spaces with curtains and pieces of cardboard. Adin said that after leaving his employment at Gourmet Heaven, Cho immediately evicted him.

Adin is currently the only com-

Salovey launches Cabinet STAFF CHANGES FROM PAGE 1 suggest a version of the group during his “listening tour” as president-elect. Prior to the University Cabinet’s creation, the deans of each school met regularly in the Deans’ Cabinet, and officers of the University, including former President Richard Levin and Polak, met in the Vice Presidents’ Cabinet — but the two bodies had no formal way to collaborate.

The new collaboration comes during an ongoing conversation about faculty input channels into administrative decisions. Last fall as provost, Salovey instituted forums of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences that meet at least twice a semester to give professors a venue in which to voice concerns about the University, but the meetings have showed declining attendance. In addition, Salovey and Provost Benjamin Polak announced in May the formation of an ad hoc committee to examine faculty input at Yale. The committee will report back to top leadership later this fall.

Since being named president, Salovey

has publicly expressed a desire to improve communication throughout the University, calling for a “more open” Yale. He said he hopes the University Cabinet, which first met last May but officially formed on July 1, aligns with that goal.

Graduate School Dean Thomas Pollard said the “brilliant” idea is a welcome opportunity for the deans to share ideas and develop strategies with the vice presidents, since the two groups used to operate relatively separately.

“I think in particular the deans were looking for more systematic and regular ways to interact with the vice presidents, and vise versa,” Salovey added.

The issues the cabinet has addressed during its several meetings and two allday retreats are confidential, Salovey said, but the agenda consists of topics of his choosing as well as some submitted by the other 24 members. He will use those conversations to determine which issues to prioritize.

But members of the cabinet have said the opinions of the two groups — one academic, the other, administrative — do

not always reach a clear consensus.

Polak told the News that the discussions have been frank and Yale College Dean Mary Miller said in an email to the News that members show respect for the different points of view “that do not necessarily all converge.”

“I will be honest in saying that I thought perhaps the group would be too large for addressing serious issues,” Miller added, “but I was wrong.”

Vice President for Development Joan O’Neill said the conversations are still in preliminary stages, but once the group starts assessing more specific directions for the University, she expects new emphases could turn into development priorities.

The Deans Cabinet and the Vice Presidents Cabinet can still meet separately if they choose.

The cabinet’s first two retreats took place at the ends of May and August.

Contact JULIA ZORTHIAN at julia.zorthian@yale.edu .

plainant, and he attributed the lack of additional complainants to wage disparities among the employees and fears of employment termination. According to the former employee, the workers earning more money are unsupportive of the others and therefore unwilling to demand improved working conditions. When asked why he did not file a complaint earlier, Adin said that he was unfamiliar with Connecticut’s labor laws.

“To be honest, there was a time

when I didn’t know anything about this or about my rights,” Adin said.

On Aug. 30, Gov. Dannel Malloy announced that the state of Connecticut recovered more than $6.5 million in previously unpaid wages for workers.

Contact MONICA DISARE at monica.disare@yale.edu .

Contact MATTHEW LLOYD-THOMAS at matthew.lloyd-thomas@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 9

BULLETIN BOARD

TODAY’S FORECAST

TOMORROW

Patchy fog giving way to scattered showers and thunderstorms.

High of 81, low of 61.

THURSDAY

High of 80, low of 59.

High of 78, low of 53.

DOONESBURY BY GARRY TRUDEAU

ON CAMPUS TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 3 8:00 PM Yale Scientific Magazine Info Session The staff of the Yale Scientific Magazine will give an overview of the publication and how to get involved. Learn about opportunities in writing, outreach, business and production. Periodic table cupcakes will be served! William L. Harkness Hall (100 Wall St.), Room 120.

WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 4 7:00 PM Elmseed Information Session Interested in service and engaging with the New Haven community? Want to learn about microfinance and consulting? At this information session, you can learn about how to help local small business owners through the Elmseed Enterprise Fund! Elmseed’s mission is to facilitate the creation of successful small businesses in New Haven. By providing access to small, low-interest loans and technical assistance, Elmseed seeks to open the capital markets to motivated entrepreneurs who lack the capital or resources to start or expand small businesses. Linsly-Chittenden Hall (63 High St.), Room 105.

THAT MONKEY TUNE BY MICHAEL KANDALAFT

8:00 PM Yale Guild of Carillonneurs Information Session Want to ring the bells in Harkness Tower? Join the Yale Guild of Carillonneurs! At the information session, the group will take you up in the tower, tell you more about what they do and introduce you to the audition process. Harkness Tower (74 High St.)

THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 5 9:00 PM Chess, Snacks and Sacs Join the Yale Chess Club for an evening of blitz chess and snacks with Grandmaster Robert Hess and Women’s International Master Yuanling Yuan. Players of all levels welcome. William L. Harkness Hall (100 Wall St.), Room 210.

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CROSSWORDEdited by Rich Norris and Joyce Lewis ACROSS 1 Take off politely, as one’s hat 5 Small silvery fish 10 Ogden’s state 14 “The African Queen” coscreenwriter 15 Apple drink 16 Golfer Ballesteros 17 1976 debut single for Heart 19 Yoked bovines 20 The Beatles’ “And I Love __” 21 Metal-yielding rocks 22 Practices in a ring 23 21-Across tester 25 Chasing 27 Stable warmer 31 Hiding places in walls 34 Wild pig 35 “We __ the Champions” 36 Jack of old Westerns 37 Nationality of the two leaders suggested by the starts of 17-, 27-, 43- and 57Across 39 Not left out of 40 Pallid 41 Latvian capital 42 Move with ease 43 Biding one’s time 47 Like pretentious gallery-goers 48 Crime against one’s country 52 Follow 54 Carson’s predecessor 55 Mary’s little lamb, perhaps 56 Cabernet containers 57 Informal name for the double bass 60 Correct copy 61 Native Alaskan 62 Got long in the tooth 63 A bit blue 64 Garb at the Forum 65 Raises, say

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Nyad 1st to swim to Fla. from Cuba without cage

BY JENNIFER KAY ASSOCIATED PRESS KEY WEST, Fla. — Looking dazed and sunburned, U.S. endurance swimmer Diana Nyad walked ashore Monday, becoming the first person to swim from Cuba to Florida without the help of a shark cage.

The 64-year-old Nyad swam up to the beach just before 2 p.m.

EDT, about 53 hours after starting her journey from Havana on Saturday. As she approached, spectators waded into waist-high water and surrounded her, taking pictures and cheering her on.

“I have three messages. One is, we should never, ever give up. Two is, you’re never too old to chase your dream. Three is, it looks like a solitary sport, but it is a team,” she said on the beach.

“I have to say, I’m a little bit out of it right now,” Nyad said.

She gestured toward her swollen lips, and simply said “seawater.”

Her team said she had been slurring her words while out in the water. She was placed on a stretcher on the beach and received an IV before she was taken by ambulance to a hospital.

But her doctor later declared her essentially healthy and expected her to recover quickly from dehydration, swelling and sunburn.

“I just wanted to get out of the sun,” she said after coming ashore on a scorching, sunny day amid calm seas.

It was Nyad’s fifth attempt and what she had said would be her last try to complete the approximately 110-mile swim. She tried three times in 2011 and 2012. Her

first attempt was in 1978.

“It’s historic, marvelous,” said Jose Miguel Diaz Escrich, the Hemingway Marina commodore who helped organize the Cuba side of Nyad’s multiple attempts.

“I always thought she could do it given her internal energy, her mental and physical strength, her will of iron,” said Diaz Escrich, whom Nyad has called a longtime friend.

“More than the athletic feat, she wants to send a message of peace, love, friendship and happiness … between the people of the United States and Cuba,” he added.

More than the athletic feat, [Nyad] wants to send a message of peace, love, friendship and happiness … between the people of the United States and Cuba.

JOSE MIGUEL DIAZ ESCRICH President Barack Obama was among a flurry of public officials and celebrities who tweeted congratulations. The president’s tweet read: “Never give up on your dreams.”

Nyad’s previous try was cut short amid boat trouble, storms, unfavorable currents and jellyfish stings that left her face puffy and

swollen.

This time, she wore a full bodysuit, gloves, booties and a mask at night, when jellyfish rise to the surface. The new silicone mask caused bruises inside her mouth, making it difficult for her to speak, she told her team as she neared land.

Doctors traveling with Nyad had been worried about her slurred speech and her breathing, but didn’t intervene, according to Nyad’s website.

“She was incredible to watch the whole way through,” said one of her doctors, Derek Covington, speaking with The Associated Press afterward.

Covington said Nyad was given IV fluids on her arrival to combat dehydration and was resting and being checked out at a medical center as a precaution.

Although she had some swelling of the lips, tongue and the airway near the mouth, Nyad wouldn’t need a long recovery, the doctor said, calling her stable and “very healthy.”

Nyad jumped from the seawall of the Hemingway Marina into the warm waters off Havana Saturday morning to begin swimming. She paused occasionally for nourishment, but never left the water.

The support team accompanying her had equipment that generated a faint electrical field around her, designed to keep sharks at bay. A boat also dragged a line in the water to help keep her on course.

Sumaya Haddin, of Miami, had been tracking Nyad’s swim before her family’s weekend trip

J PAT CARTER/ASSOCIATED PRESS

The first person to swim from Cuba to Florida without the help of a shark cage, U.S. endurance swimmer Diana Nyad, arrived at Key West about 53 hours after she began her swim in Havana on Saturday. to Key West. She was surprised to see Nyad’s flotilla from a parasail off Smather’s Beach on Monday morning, thinking she wouldn’t arrive for another day.

“You couldn’t see her, you could just see the boats. It was very exciting,” she said.

Haddin said Nyad still had her fighting spirit when she arrived: “Getting into the ambulance, she

had her peace sign up, her fist up.

She was still fired up.”

Australian Susie Maroney successfully swam the Strait in 1997 with a shark cage, which besides protection from the predators, has a drafting effect that pulls a swimmer along.

In 2012, Australian Penny Palfrey swam 79 miles toward Florida without a cage before strong

currents forced her to stop. This June, her countrywoman Chloe McCardel made it 11 hours and 14 miles before jellyfish stings ended her bid.

In 1978, Walter Poenisch, an Ohio baker, claimed to have made the swim using flippers and a snorkel. Critics say there was insufficient independent documentation to verify his claim.

In first major test, Obama overrules new team

BY JULIE PACE ASSOCIATED PRESS WASHINGTON — For President Barack Obama’s new foreign policy advisers, the first test of their willingness to undertake military action wound up being a stark lesson in the president’s ability to overrule them all.

Obama’s abrupt decision to seek congressional approval before striking Syria also overshadowed what had been a surprising level of consensus among the secondterm team members about how to respond to a deadly chemical weapons attack against civilians in Syria.

People close to the deliberations say Secretary of State John Kerry, Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel, national security adviser Susan Rice and U.N. Ambassador Samantha Power largely agreed about the need to use force to punish Syrian President Bashar Assad. While there were some differing views about the speed and the scope of an attack, there were no splintered factions the way there had been during first-term debates over taking action in Libya or launching the raid that killed Osama bin Laden.

The advisers, two of whom are former senators, were also will-

ing to proceed without congressional authorization. But on Friday night, after a week spent speeding toward military action, the president made a stunning turnabout and decided he wanted approval from lawmakers before carrying out an attack.

“While I believe I have the authority to carry out this military action without specific congressional authorization, I know that the country will be stronger if we take this course, and our actions will be even more effective,” Obama said as he announced the decision Saturday. “We should have this debate.”

The way the president arrived at his decision highlights what has been a source of criticism among Washington’s foreign policy thinkers: a president who has centralized decision-making within the White House and at times marginalized the State Department and Pentagon.

As Obama grappled with putting military action to a vote in Congress, he didn’t consult his foreign policy team. Instead, he sought out Denis McDonough, a longtime adviser who now serves as his chief of staff. And most of the administration’s foreign policy leadership was absent from the Oval Office meeting Friday night

when the president informed several advisers about his decision to seek congressional approval.

Rice, a member of the White House staff, was in the room.

But Kerry and Hagel were only informed about the decision later that night during phone calls from the president.

History would judge us all extraordinarily harshly if we turned a blind eye to a dictator’s wanton use of weapons of mass destruction against all warnings.

JOHN KERRY U.S. secretary of state “All power flows from and into the White House,” said Aaron David Miller, a former adviser to Democratic and Republican administrations and current vice president at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars.

“He’s relied, not surprisingly, on a

very close circle of trusted advisers. He really is a controlling foreign policy president.”

When the national security team gathered Saturday morning to discuss the decision, administration officials say there was pushback from some advisers, though they refused to say who was leading that effort. And at least publicly, the team now appears to be following the orders of the commander in chief.

Kerry, the most recognizable face on Obama’s team to most of the public, was dispatched to all five Sunday talk shows to defend the president’s decision. Kerry and Hagel will also testify Tuesday before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee — a committee they each served on during their years in the Senate — as the administration tries to rally votes on Capitol Hill.

The officials and others close to the deliberations requested anonymity because they were not authorized to publicly discuss the internal deliberations.

As the White House appeared to be nearing imminent military action against Syria, Kerry was among those pressing for the most aggressive response. Even before being tapped to lead the State Department, the former Massachusetts senator had been push-

ing for stronger action against Syria. He has advocated sending more and better assistance to the opposition and has backed robust, though limited, military action to punish the regime and force Assad to change his calculation for continuing the conflict that has left more than 100,000 people dead.

People close to Kerry say he was emotionally affected by the images coming out of Syria following the chemical weapons attack, particularly those of dead and injured children. He channeled that emotion into two powerful speeches, including one on Friday that appeared to be a prelude to a military strike.

“History would judge us all extraordinarily harshly if we turned a blind eye to a dictator’s wanton use of weapons of mass destruction against all warnings,” said Kerry, reflecting what aides said was his strong belief that action was a moral imperative.

Kerry made similar arguments during his turn on the Sunday talk shows, but emphasized that he supported the president’s decision to seek congressional approval.

Hagel, the former Republican senator now running the Pentagon, spent most of the Syria debate weighing in from Asia, where he was on a nine-day trip.

While he declared during the trip that the military was “ready to go” if Obama gave the orders to strike Syria, he also appeared to be focused on the risks of acting without international backing. And like others in the Pentagon, including Joint Chiefs Chairman Gen. Martin Dempsey, he seemed to be considering the unknowable next steps after a limited military strike, particularly if it roiled adversaries elsewhere in the Middle East.

Rice and Power kept the lowest profiles of the new foreign policy team during the Syria debate, both choosing to make their only public comments on Twitter. But their 140-character statements backed up their reputations as supporters of intervention for humanitarian purposes.

Rice, who served as the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations before moving to the White House earlier this year, wrote that those responsible for the chemical weapons attack “will be held accountable.” And Power, who now holds the U.N. post, wrote of the “haunting images of entire families dead in their beds” following the Aug. 21 chemical weapons attack.

“Verdict is clear,” she wrote.

“Assad has used CW’s against civilians in violation of international norm.”

CBS on air in NY, LA, Dallas with Time Warner deal ASSOCIATED PRESS

AP PHOTO

In early August, three million Time Warner Cable customers in New York, Los Angeles and Dallas were left without the CBS channel due to a fee dispute. The companies ended their dispute on Monday.

NEW YORK — TV network CBS and cable provider Time Warner Cable ended their monthlong programming dispute on Monday and resumed broadcasts to millions of homes in New York, Dallas and Los Angeles.

The agreement ended a blackout of CBS and CBS-owned channels that included Showtime Networks, CBS Sports Network and the Smithsonian channel. The contract disagreement started Aug. 2 and affected more than 3 million homes. Broadcasting resumed Monday evening on the East Coast.

The companies were in dispute over how much Time Warner Cable Inc. would pay for CBS Corp. programming. Terms of the deal were not immediately disclosed.

The agreement includes retransmission fees the cable operator pays to CBS per subscriber, which had been a sticking point.

The disagreement came at a touchy time for networks and cable companies as more and more Americans are turning to alternative ways to watch TV including online or via Roku boxes or Apple TV. Added pressure was on the two companies to reach an agreement since the start of football season and the U.S Open tennis tournament had begun in New York.

While we certainly didn’t get everything we wanted, ultimately we ended up in a much better place than when we started.

GLENN BRITT CEO, Time Warner Cable The blackout affected about 1.1 million of New York’s 7.4 mil-

lion television households that get CBS. An estimated 1.3 million of 5.6 million households in Los Angeles were blacked out, along with 400,000 of Dallas’ 2.6 million TV homes, CBS said. Those are three of the nation’s five most populous television markets.

CBS estimated the blackout cut the network’s national viewership by about 1 percent.

The talks were being closely watched beyond these companies and their customers because of the idea that a retransmission agreement would set a precedent for future negotiations between networks and cable or satellite companies. Another point of contention was the cable operator’s access to CBS material for on-demand or mobile device viewing.

“While we certainly didn’t get everything we wanted, ultimately we ended up in a much better place than when we started,” Time Warner Cable CEO Glenn Britt said in a statement.

IF YOU MISSED IT SCORES

US OPEN T. Robredo 7 6 5 R. Federer 6 3 4

MLB N.Y. Yankees 9 Chi. White Sox 1

SPORTS QUICK HITS

GRAHAM LANDY ’15 TO REPRESENT U.S. SAILS THIS WEEK IN CALIFORNIA The junior skipper will compete this week in San Francisco in the Red Bull Youth America’s Cup, a unique event designed to prepare young sailors for America’s Cup action. Landy moved to California in June to begin training for the event with the U.S. team.

MLB L.A. Dodgers 10 Colorado 8

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MLB Cincinnati 7 St. Louis 2

MLB Detroit 3 Boston 0

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IVY LEAGUE DIGITAL NETWORK GOES LIVE YALE-SPECIFIC PACKAGES FOR SALE Over the weekend, the Ivy League’s new digital initiative went live in anticipation of sports broadcasts beginning next weekend. The online network unifies all Ivy League broadcasts under one interface. Subscription packages are available for all Ivy events or Yale games only.

“I think being exposed to the international level of hockey is going to be really helpful for me.”

GEORGIA HOLLAND ’14 CAPTAIN, FIELD HOCKEY YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

Football broadcasts to expand throughout CT

BY ALEX EPPLER STAFF REPORTER Nine years ago when Ron Vaccaro ’04 joined legendary Yale football coach Carm Cozza in the booth to call Yale football games on the radio, the Eli program was looking up. In 2006, the Bulldogs won a share of the Ivy League crown, capping their season with a 34–13 demolition of the Crimson in Cambridge. In the following year, the Elis played their way to a nine-game winning streak and came within one week of repeating as Ivy champions.

Since then, however, the Bulldogs have been mired in a slump, winless in The Game over the past six years. Yet while the team may be struggling on the field, its media coverage has just greatly expanded throughout the state of Connecticut. Beginning on Sept.

21 when the Elis travel to Colgate, Yale football broadcasts will spread past New Haven to much of the state through the newly created Yale Football Radio Network.

“I think it’s something we’ve always been interested in exploring,” Vaccaro said. “It’s really exciting to have … not just the geographical diversity and all that comes with the network, but it’s very exciting to have really two big radio groups in the state of Connecticut both interested in Yale

football.”

With the agreement, Yale football’s flagship radio station will shift from WELI AM 960 to WABZ AM 1300, both of which are owned by Clear Channel Communications. Buckley Radio, an independently owned broadcast company, will air Vaccaro and Cozza over some of its stations as well: WDRC AM 1360, WWCO AM 1240, WMMW AM 1470, WSNG AM 610 and WDRC FM 102.9. The deal extends Yale football coverage into stations broadcasting out of Hartford, Waterbury, Meriden and Torrington.

I think what we’ve always tried to do, and in my opinion it works very well, is we put the game first.

RON VACCARO ’04 Commentator, Yale Football Radio Network Despite the newly expanded coverage of the team, Vaccaro stressed that he and Cozza would likely only make small changes to their broadcasts.

“I think what we’ve always tried to do, and in my opinion it works very well, is we put the game first,” Vaccaro said.

He said that he takes his lead from Cozza, the Hall of Fame coach, in making the broadcasts about the games and the athletes themselves. Vaccaro did note that he will make slight adjustments in his emphasis of players’ hometowns — with the expansion of coverage, he says he will now make more of an effort to play up the “Connecticut angle.”

Several players thought that the move would be positive for the team in the upcoming season.

“I don’t really focus on that sort of thing, but it’s always exciting to see Yale Athletics have a further presence in the local and national media,” wide receiver Cameron Sandquist ’14 said in a message to the News.

The agreement will last three years, through the close of the 2015 season.

“In this industry, three-year deals are pretty long deals,” Vaccaro said. “This is something that all three parties — Yale, Clear Channel and Buckley radio—are taking seriously and are investing a lot of effort in to make it really work well.”

The Bulldogs will kick off their season with the Yale Football Radio Network in place on Saturday, Sept. 21 away against Colgate in Hamilton, N.Y. Contact ALEX EPPLER at alexander.eppler@yale.edu .

YDN

This year, the Yale Football Radio Network will spread Eli coverage across Connecticut.

Holland ’14 reflects on World Cup

BY KRISTIN MENDEZ CONTRIBUTING REPORTER This season, women’s field hockey captain Georgia Holland ’14 will return to the field with a seventh-place Junior World Cup finish under her belt. In June, Holland was selected to the under-21 USA team after a two-month recruiting process, traveling with the team to Germany from July 27– Aug. 4 for the tournament. She now hopes her international experience will serve her team well as it pursues an Ivy League Championship. do you think your experience at the QHow Junior World Cup has affected you as a player, teammate and captain?

A

I think being exposed to the international level of hockey is going to be really helpful for me as a player, but also as the captain and as a teammate, just being able to bring that knowledge and the high level of play that I was playing at there. It’s going to hopefully be really helpful with the upcoming season being able to show my teammates and express to them how we can reach this higher level.

there any moments that stand out to QAre you?

A

One [moment] that I’ll remember was [when] I scored a goal against Ghana. I scored it off a penalty quarter. I took a direct shot and it got tipped by a defender and went high into the net. It was my only goal in the tournament, so I think I’ll remember that for a while.

was the dynamic between teams QWhat from different countries?

A

We actually stayed in a hotel with Ghana and Argentina, so we were interacting with them a lot. It was really interesting seeing what the hockey culture was like in all the different places. [For example], in Argentina it’s huge and they get a ton of gear, and then there’s us and Ghana where field hockey isn’t that big.

At the end of the tournament, you do a lot of jersey swapping and exchanging of gear, so I have some cool jerseys from a German

player and a player from New Zealand.

Once the tournament’s going on, there’s a pretty big rivalry; you’re not really friendly, but then after the games [it’s different].

QWas there a language barrier?

A

Definitely, but most people’s second language is English so it was easy for us. But, [for example], on the Belgian team, there were some girls who only spoke German and some girls who only spoke French, so on the team itself they couldn’t even communicate.

QWho did you play and how did you do?

A

There are 16 countries represented there, so it’s divided into four pools of four teams. Our pool consisted of us, Korea, Ghana and the Netherlands. So we played those three teams first, and we actually ended up finishing in the top two of our pool so we moved on to the quarterfinals.

Our first game we beat Korea, then our second game we beat Ghana and then we lost to the Netherlands, who eventually ended up winning the whole tournament.

That put us into the quarterfinals, then we played Argentina from there, and then Australia, and then our last game was against South Africa. The last game was the game for seventh and eighth place, and we won that one to come in seventh.

QWhat has being a captain meant to you?

A

It’s a huge honor. It’s a big honor at Yale especially, where they only elect one captain. It’s really nice to know that it was my teammates who elected me and have confidence in me to lead the team. It’s going to be easy for me because the senior class is pretty big and all really good leaders.

It’s a collaborative thing, not just me.

lead on the field and get the underclassmen to follow your lead in that way. are some of your most anticipated QWhat games?

A

We’re really excited for our opening game on Friday against UVA. They’re ranked seventh in the country right now, so it’s going to be a really big opening for us, especially if we can get it on our new field.

We’re getting blue turf which should be done in the next few days, so hopefully it’ll be ready. We’d really appreciate some support at our opening game if it is on Friday at our new field. Or, if our field isn’t ready, our home opener will be against Harvard in two weeks.

approaches do you use to lead the QWhat team?

A

I think I’m more naturally a leader by example. How I conduct myself on and off the field [is how I lead], so what I work on most is my vocal communication, which is not as innate for me. I think it’s pretty easy to lead on the field and get the underclassmen to follow your lead in that way.

do you think team’s greatest QWhat strengths and weaknesses are?

A

Our strengths are probably our speed and our ability to play as a team — we’re a pretty good passing team.

Our weakness might be our youth. We’re probably going to be playing underclassmen with not as much experience as some of the older girls on the team. So [we need to] make them feel comfortable at the beginning, but I’m sure that will work itself out pretty quickly.

QHow’s the team chemistry?

approaches do you use to lead the think it’s really good. We have a good QWhat team?

AIbalance of numbers in each class, so it’s

A

I think I’m more naturally a leader by example. How I conduct myself on and off the field [is how I lead], so what I work on most is my vocal communication, which is not as innate for me. I think it’s pretty easy to

STAT OF THE DAY 3

fun to be able to intermingle. We all get along really well and we’re always a pretty tightknit group.

Contact KRISTIN MENDEZ at kristin.mendez@yale.edu .

McKiernan hopes to lead rebound

BY ALEX EPPLER STAFF REPORTER In a set of fitness workouts last spring, some members of the men’s soccer team found themselves struggling to finish. That’s when midfielder Max McKiernan ’14 stepped in. Rather than letting them fail, he grabbed a few of his fellow Bulldogs and pulled them across the line to complete the workout in time.

It is precisely that will to succeed and hard-nosed attitude that led McKiernan’s teammates to elect him this season’s captain at last winter’s post-season banquet. The captain, along with a strong supporting senior class, will attempt to lead the Elis to a rebound from last season’s sixth place Ivy finish.

“Max is definitely the complete package,” defender Nick Alers ’14 said. “He’s definitely a pretty ferocious competitor, he’s one of the hardest workers on our team, so I think that sets a great example for everybody else.”

Last season, the Elis struggled at times to put the ball in the back of the net — during a five-game stretch from Sept. 25 to Oct. 16, the team did not score a single goal. Yet over the final four games of the last season, the team garnered a record of 1–1–2, including a 1–1 tie with then No. 11 Brown, providing its fan base with some cause of hope for the coming year.

McK iernan stressed the strength of the senior class in carrying last season’s momentum, including forward Jenner Fox ’14, who led the team in assists last year, midfielder Scott

Armbrust ’14 and forward Peter Jacobson ’14, each of whom tied for team-highs in points and goals last season, and three-time all-Ivy recipient Alers. McKiernan added that he hopes to deliver senior leadership in any difficult moments that the team may have this year.

“I’m working with them, and we’re collectively trying to set the tone day-to-day to be hardnosed, hard-working,” he said.

“That’s personally I think what I bring the most to the team.”

Alers characterized McKiernan’s on-field performance as strong both defensively and offensively. On defense, McKiernan’s hard-working attitude goads him into covering lots of ground, an effort that can even lead to goals at the other end. On the offensive side, McKiernan’s technical skill allows him to be an attacking threat on a consistent basis, playing passes on the ground and switching the ball between the two wings. Because of this, he has been an honorable mention All-Ivy midfielder the past two seasons.

McKiernan said it was very meaningful for him to be named captain by his teammates.

“To be elected by your peers I think really speaks a lot,” he said. “Those are the men you work with every day and going through all the hard stuff sideby-side, so to know that you have their respect is humbling, but at the same time something to feel really good about.”

The Elis will begin their season this Friday at Fordham.

Contact ALEX EPPLER at alexander.eppler@yale.edu .

CONSECUTIVE IVY LEAGUE CHAMPIONSHIPS WON BY THE WOMEN’S VOLLEYBALL TEAM. Under the tutelage of 11-year coach Erin Appleman, the team will look this fall for its fourth consecutive title and fifth total in the last six seasons. Four All-Ivy selections will return to defend Yale’s titles.