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T H E O L D E ST C O L L E G E DA I LY · FO U N D E D 1 8 7 8

NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT · FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 2013 · VOL. CXXXVI, NO. 8 · yaledailynews.com

INSIDE THE NEWS MORNING EVENING

SUNNY SUNNY

58 68

Q HOUSE A PLACE TO END YOUTH VIOLENCE

WELCOME UCHICAGO

DURFEE’S

WOMEN’S SOCCER

Over 50 million books now part of interlibrary loan partnership

YALE DINING RAISES VALUE OF SWIPE ONE WHOLE DOLLAR

Bulldogs open quest for third Ivy League title, first since 2005, tonight

PAGE B3 WEEKEND

PAGE 3 NEWS

PAGE 3 NEWS

PAGE 12 SPORTS

Hausladen, Wood face off in Ward 7 debate

CROSS CAMPUS Red Bull gives you wings.

At least it did for Graham Landy ’15 and his team, who qualified for and competed in the prestigious Red Bull Youth America’s Cup on Sept. 1–4.

The international regatta, which was held this year in San Francisco, Calif., brought sailors from around the world for four days of intense racing. Landy and his team finished in 10th place against an international crew of elite athletes.

A new era l o h o c l a r o f

Tea time. Honest Tea

co-founders, School of Management professor Barry Nalebuff and Yale alumnus Seth Goldman SOM ’95, recently appeared on NPR to discuss their tea products.

Goldman, the company’s “TeaEO,” described the pair’s journey persuading distributors to deliver their products, which were less sweet than the teas typically being sold at the time. Nalebuff discussed their “social responsibility” corporate model before making a plug for his latest product: KomBrewCha, a mildly alcoholic Kombucha.

KomBrewCha’s motto? “Get tickled. Not pickled.”

Financing education.

According to a recent article from CBS News, Yale is among the top 10 colleges for providing the highest average financial aid award to international students — collectively, the 10 schools averaged $48,000 in financial aid. Other schools on the list included Harvard, Amherst, the University of Chicago and Dartmouth.

Presidential put. Former U.S. President George W. Bush ’68 became an honorary member of the team representing the United States in this year’s Walker Cup, a golf competition for leading amateur golfers.

The Cup was named in honor of George Herbert Walker, great-grandfather to Bush and former president of the U.S. Golf Association.

Free speech doesn’t come cheap. Connecticut State

Police have issued new policies governing body tattoos and social media for department employees.

Though the department has banned additional tattoos, it has issued a “grandfather waiver” for body art visible while in uniform. In addition, employees are prohibited from using social media while on duty.

A popular pizza place. More

than 600 people applied for just 45 positions at the newly opened Little Caesars Pizza on Whalley Avenue. That puts the acceptance rate for jobs there at 7.5 percent — roughly the same as Yale’s for the class of 2014.

THIS DAY IN YALE HISTORY

1974 Administrators open up a protected garage, the PiersonSage Garage on Science Hill, to reduce student parking issues.

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BY ISAAC STANLEY-BECKER STAFF REPORTER

D

At the outset of the fall semester in 1985, students over 21 lined up in Sheffield-Sterling-Strathcona Hall to receive drinking cards as part of a series of new undergraduate regulations on alcohol in response to the increase in the drinking age in Connecticut. For those underage, Old Campus would now be dry.

UPCLOSE “I think the policy sucks, but I know there’s going to be ways around it,” said a member of the class of 1989 to the News in September of that year.

Nearly three decades later, the problem of underage, high-risk drinking remains a pressing issue on the administrative agenda. All Yale administrators interviewed said the University is poised to move forward with major pol-

icy and program reforms when administrators receive recommendations this fall from the University Council Committee on Alcohol in Yale College. The group, convened in January, is comprised of five members of the University Council — an advisory body to the president — and five outside experts in alcohol usage on college campuses.

The forthcoming policy changes round out several years of heightening concern over alcohol abuse on campus.

Recently, administrators have imposed a number of policy shifts, including revising tailgating regulations at least three times since 2005 and requiring students to register off-campus parties in August 2012.

Officials at Yale see the current attention given to alcohol issues as stemming in part from national trends among college administrators to re-evaluate drinking culture and address the dangers of high-risk drinking.

Report highlights youth joblessness

BY RAY NOONAN STAFF REPORTER Although Connecticut has experienced mild job recovery since the onset of the economic downturn in 2008, the recession continues to hinder the state’s job-seeking youth from finding employment, according to a report released by Connecticut Voices for Children last week.

The report found that Connecticut job-seekers ages 16 to 24 are experiencing rates of unemployment substantially higher than the national average, and the state’s youth joblessness is particularly concentrated within minority communities. Connecticut workers between the ages of 16 and 24 had an unemployment rate of 17.1 percent in 2012, 0.9 percent higher than the nationwide average and a 71 percent increase from the state’s youth unemployment levels in 2007.

According to the report, young people who cannot find jobs tend to have more difficulty finding future employment, are more likely to earn less money over the course of their lives and are more likely to cost taxpayers by relying

on government services.

“We know that we can invest all we want in education, but if children are living in homes that are unsafe and communities that are unsafe, then education won’t be enough,” said Edie Joseph ’12, one of the co-authors of the report.

In addition to highlighting heightened unemployment, the report also noted that the jobs Connecticut citizens are finding generally pay lower wages than before the recession. Only earners in the 80th and 90th percentiles saw their wages grow between 2007 and 2012.

To solve issues of youth unemployment and wage stagnation, the report recommended that Connecticut fully fund universal early childhood education and public schools and make public higher education more accessible in order to create a flexible, skilled workforce. It also recommended supporting social services by indexing the minimum wage to inflation and increasing the earned income tax credit.

Many of the jobs that Connecticut has recovered in the SEE CT YOUTH PAGE 6

“We know much more about the impact of mental and physical wellness on academic success than we ever had before, and it was a wake-up call when we realized some of our [academic performance] had nothing to do with academics,” said Tom Workman, principal communication researcher and evaluator at the American Institutes for Research.

“Suddenly we learned … that wellness has a strong impact.”

Paul Genecin, director of UniverSEE ALCOHOL POLICY PAGE 4

SEE ELLA WOOD PAGE 6

YD N

espite decades of programs and policies designed to curb high-risk and underage drinking among students, administrators continue struggling to address alcohol abuse on campus. This year, Yale’s approach to alcohol is undergoing an evaluation once again. But will the University’s efforts make any headway in changing campus drinking culture? CYNTHIA HUA reports.

BY CYNTHIA HUA STAFF REPORTER

In the depths of the New Haven winter, when her constituents’ yards are buried in the snow, Ella Wood ’15 would be in the city to help them — and not studying abroad or back home in New Mexico — she promised at a Thursday night debate against Ward 7 Alderman Doug Hausladen ’04.

Wood is running to unseat Hausladen for the Ward 7 seat on the New Haven Board of Aldermen, a position that has never been held by a Yale student. Comprising the downtown area as well as portions of Wooster Square, the Medical District and the Hill and Dwight neighborhoods, Ward 7 is home to a combination of permanent residents and Yale graduate and professional school students, in addition to a very small number of undergraduates.

Less than a week before the Sept. 10 Democratic primary, the two candidates squared off Thursday in a debate that drew nearly 60 people to the secondfloor loft of The Bourse on Chapel Street, a workspace and coffee lounge. Carl Sharon, a pastor at the Emanuel Lutheran Church on Humphrey Street, moderated the hour-long back-and-forth between the candidates.

When asked if she would be in town to help plow streets in December, when most Yale students go home for break, Wood said she has spent her time in New Haven reaching past Yale’s walls to the city at large.

“The underlying question that is implicit in this question is what my role in the community here is,” Wood said.

“It’s clear that I am here as a student at Yale. I think for a long time both New Haven residents and Yale students have viewed Yale students as nothing but that — as people who aren’t invested in the community and should not be. I think that’s something that has undermined

Over the past several decades, colleges have placed increased attention on fostering student wellness — physical, mental and social — rather than strictly academic accomplishment, said Yale College Dean’s Office fellow Garrett Fiddler ’11. Administrators have highlighted the health risks associated with alcohol abuse in particular, he added.

I very much want Yale to be a leader in reducing high-risk drinking and in campus safety more generally.

PETER SALOVEY President, Yale University

Take Back counters unions

ALEXANDRA SCHMELING/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Ward 7 alderman Doug Hausladen ’04 debated Ella Wood ’15 at The Bourse on Chapel Street Thursday.

BY MATTHEW LLOYD-THOMAS STAFF REPORTER Throughout the Thursday night debate between Ward 7 aldermanic candidates Doug Hausladen ’04 and Ella Wood ’15, two phrases that have weighed heavily on the race escaped mention entirely: unions and Take Back New

Haven.

The contest between Hausladen and Wood has taken on a significance beyond the two individuals seeking a spot on the Board of Aldermen. It is seen by many as a fight between Take Back New Haven, a group associated with Hausladen formed this summer to increase dis-

course on the board, and New Haven’s largest union, UNITE HERE, for which Wood worked this past summer.

Often falsely considered diametrically opposed to each other, the two have come to dominate the race not just in Ward 7, but also in many of SEE TAKE BACK NH PAGE 6

PAGE 2

YALE DAILY NEWS · FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

OPINION

.COMMENT “Perhaps the result of Obama's economic policies.” yaledailynews.com/opinion

Getting oriented

NEWS’

O

VIEW Punishing sexual violence

Y

ale has needed an adequate system to punish perpetrators of sexual assault for far too long.

Again, we spent the summer reading about our University’s ineffective and embarrassing response to sexual violence, as we learned that those guilty of assault remain on our campus. Again, we watched as our school’s reputation and integrity were questioned in headlines nationwide.

Our University’s response to rape has failed us, and many of us are rightfully angry. Some students on campus have even formed a group called “Students Against Sexual Violence at Yale.” It is a sad reflection on the state of our campus that such an affirmation is necessary.

Sexual violence persists in part because Yale has done too little to stop it.

The most recent Report of Complaints of Sexual Misconduct revealed that some respondents have received only written reprimands after investigations found them guilty of nonconsensual sex. What amounts to an angry letter is painfully insufficient punishment for these actions.

Worse yet, the policies at the source of these punishments remain unclear.

The University uses its case-by-case approach as license to leave rules enigmatic and procedures undefined. When policies remain opaque, students have no way to conceptualize enforcement. Do you know which of your peers sit on the University-Wide Committee on Sexual Misconduct? Do you know how Yale would judge your complaint?

It is time for the University to take a firm and transparent stance against sexual assault.

The preferred punishment for nonconsensual sex at Yale must be expulsion.

If, after rigorous and thorough investigation, a student is found guilty under

Yale’s evidentiary standard, that student must leave our community. Yale claims that expulsion is the first punishment considered, yet we know that it is rarely implemented. Because of this discrepancy, the wishes of the survivor should serve as the only factor to mitigate punishment — preventing Yale from continuing to under-punish assault while pretending to prefer expulsion.

For actions that do not meet Yale’s definition of nonconsensual sex, but are still nonconsensual violations of a sexual nature, the preferred sanction must be, at minimum, suspension.

Before returning to campus, violators must receive counseling to ensure they will not compromise the safety of our community.

The interests of survivors should guide our actions.

Many want their assailant to be removed from their community, and survivors deserve their input counted in the process of punishment and sentencing.

Because of these realities, punishments of written reprimands and probation are not only insufficient, but also ineffective. They fail to remove guilty parties from campus, even though these students might constitute a threat to the student body. The University has a responsibility not just to the survivor but also to the community — we know the danger repeat offenders present.

By changing policy we can change culture.

We must publicize these policies across campus and nationwide to send a clear message against sexual assault. When students can conceptualize the punishments they will receive, they will know their actions have consequences at our school.

Only then will we begin to believe that Yale takes rape seriously, and only then will students feel safe from sexual violence in our community.

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COPYRIGHT 2013 — VOL. CXXXVI, NO. 8

'LAKIA' ON 'ANNUAL CAREER FAIR CANCELED'

rientation for freshmen has recently finished.

The formal and cluttered calendar of meetings with deans and masters and frocos is through. I suppose all parties involved are relieved. For me, the program has always raised the question of what it entails to become oriented. At Yale, is it knowing how the Bass printers work, or walking around campus without darting eyes between an iPhone map and the streets ahead? Around New Haven, is it knowing where the best coffee is, or having a patch of grass to watch meteor showers from?

INTERNATIONAL DISPATCHES For some students, this transition might be the first move to a new place, discovered without the guiding force of a family in tow. And when institutional programming ends, what does the process of becoming oriented in that new place look like?

Over my four or so years here, I’ve played the game of orientation numerous times. I have spent over 70 weeks far away from both New Haven and the place I grew up calling home, and at each new place, I have wondered what I can do to become of that place — to have a sense of where I am and to feel

at home. Traveling around southern Chile, a sense of orientation clicked when a man I was hitchhiking with stopped DIANA midSAVERIN talking sentence, looked at me Savoring and asked how I had learned Sight Spanish.

He told me it didn’t cost me to speak.

Living in southeast Alaska, this feeling of home came after harvesting, processing and smoking my own salmon.

The question arises with each arrival; not every new place has a different language, nor does it always have a neighboring sea full of fish. Across these different places, though, I have felt most oriented when I have paid close attention, and then cared deeply for all that I had seen.

My most recent exercise in orientation happened in interior Alaska. I lived alone in a cabin 6 miles north of Healy, a mining town with a year-round population of just over 1,000 people. I lived far up on a hill away from the main road, and exploring the neighborhood meant wandering the game trails that wind through black spruce groves and mossy forests of aspen and birch. Getting to know the

neighbors mostly meant following moose trails, seeing where the moose had slept and fed, sometimes stalking the local cow moose and calf by a boulder field I call the “shipyard,” once stumbling upon a femur and jaw bone from a clearing where one had died.

These wanders constituted the first step of my attempts to belong on that hill where I lived.

I was paying attention. I was trying to see where I was.

The next step, the caring part, came easily in that land I so quickly grew to love. This step is simple: Care about the watershed, the neighbors, the red squirrel, the moose, the moss, the flowers, the lichen, the forest. After all of this noticing, this step means having empathy for, being awed and astonished by, and having a stake in the preservation of all that has been discovered. For me, this meant descending from the loft each morning, my mind still slow and sticky with sleep, and looking out the rectangular window above the table, where the aspen leaves shook in the breeze.

Most days, I could not stop from repeating the refrain, the world alive with so much dance.

The same process of orientation applies to people and community: We must notice who’s around us, how they are, what they love, what they fear, what they dream. And after we

have seen and listened and paid attention, we must care. I am convinced that combining these two steps — attention and care, or sight and empathy, or awareness and love — helps a great deal in this business of orientation. It helps us belong to the places and communities where we live, whether that’s downtown New Haven, Pittsburgh or a ridge just north of the Alaska Range. It takes effort. The easier path is to be lulled into complacency and distraction — to never learn the names, fears, dreams, favorite foods and strange obsessions of our roommates, suitemates, housemates and seminar-mates, to not notice migrating birds, falling leaves or passing faces on the sidewalk.

We too often choose awareness of our inboxes over awareness of our surroundings. But in the smallest of moments — transitions between classes, lines in coffee shops — we can make the biggest differences in our own sense of belonging to this place. Look up. Say hello.

Ask questions. Be good to each other. Because the harder you look and the harder you love, the sooner you will find some new sense of orientation, and maybe even some new sense of home.

DIANA SAVERIN is a senior in Berkeley College, currently in Alaska.

Contact her at diana.saverin@yale.edu .

AUBE REY LESCURE/STAFF ILLUSTRATOR

GUE ST COLUMNIST HAL BOYD

A founding conscience I

n the nub of New Haven sits a tripartite monument to Yale’s religious heritage. Three Protestant spires (quite fittingly on Temple Street) extend up from the city lawns, pointing back to Yale’s Puritan past.

As if this Trinitarian triad wasn’t enough, there’s also Yale’s biblical motto, its seven residential colleges bearing the names of prominent Protestant clergymen and an annual graduation ceremony laden with enough sartorial splendor and ritual to cause even the cardinal college to blanch. All are relics of a bygone age of ecclesiastic education.

For me — as a devout member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, or Mormon — these religious symbols and allusions carry profound meaning and significance. Yet I wonder whether most students would feel similarly at such a diverse, secular institution as Yale.

After all, according to a recent Pew Forum study, “Young adults today are much more likely to be [religiously] unaffiliated than previous generations.” And while only 33 percent of citizens 65 and older don’t believe theism is req-

uisite for having “good values,” the percentage nearly doubles among 18 to 29 year olds, according to a Brookings/PRRI survey.

In light of these shifting ideological realities, it’s worth asking whether there’s still value in Yale paying homage to a Puritan past amidst an increasingly laical present.

REMEMBER THE ROOTS OF OUR UNIVERSITY Such questions, of course, are nothing new. The United States and liberal democracies more broadly have long balanced promoting and preserving religious heritage with maintaining the socalled wall of separation between church and state. According to a Yale Daily News report, through 1925 Yale required students to worship at religious services.

However, a mere 25 years later, William F. Buckley was distraught by what he described

in his seminal "God and Man at Yale" as an apathy toward the University's origins and a pervasive destain for religiosity.

Since then, Yale administrators, faculty, staff and fellow students have, as ample anecdotal evidence suggests, significantly improved the way they treat religious students and their belief systems. Yet with an institutional focus on secular learning and racial, ethnic and economic diversity, there seems to be little reason for Yale to re-embrace a founding narrative centered largely on conservative 18th century theologians of a puritanical persuasion.

Perhaps, as others have suggested, the only real utility for Yale’s founding story — the story of Puritans abandoning Cambridge for New Haven — is an extemporaneous pep talk before a Yale-Harvard game.

I personally believe, however, that Yale’s founding narrative should be more than mere chalk talk. There is, after all, something surprisingly universal in the tale of those initial Yalie pietists.

They were men of great religious ideals and convictions who, as

the historical record chronicles, became convinced that Harvard’s theological leanings had strayed too far from the founding beliefs they held dear. Rather than abandon their convictions or resign to the prevailing intellectual ideology of their alma mater, they poured their time and treasure into a cause for which they sincerely believed: Yale.

Thus, in one respect, Yale’s founding mythos is fundamentally about fighting for one’s conscience — it’s a parable as old as Socrates, as relevant as religious freedom and civil rights and as contemporary as the recent Gourmet Heaven protests. It’s a founding myth that all Yalies should be proud to champion.

So the next time you’re walking along Temple Street, consider stopping into one of those churches along the Green — if not to worship, then perhaps briefly to pay tribute to that band of brave brothers who pursued their conscience and in the process helped found an institution we cherish.

HAL BOYD is a student at Yale Law School.

YALE DAILY NEWS · FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 3

FRIDAY FORUM

MILEY CYRUS “Life is all about having a good time.”

G U E ST C O LU M N I ST L A R RY M I L ST E I N

Profile of a FWUG C

KEVIN KLAKOUSKI/CONTRIBUTING ILLUSTRATOR

P

erhaps you have seen or read about the picket outside Gourmet Heaven, and you agree that the wage violations are appalling, but you wonder if boycotting will solve the problem. Will it make things worse?

In order to understand why the New Haven Workers Association, Unidad Latina en Acción (ULA) and MEChA de Yale are calling on students to boycott Gourmet Heaven, we need to look at the larger story of wage theft in America.

You may think that fixing our broken immigration laws will prevent employers from exploiting workers. But even if all immigrant workers were granted citizenship tomorrow (something that is unlikely given the current situation in Washington), wage theft would not disappear, just as police brutality or abuse of tenants by landlords would not disappear.

Wage theft is a widespread national epidemic affecting people of all races. Studies show that one in five low-wage workers in U.S. cities have suffered minimum wage violations at some point.

If the minimum wage laws exist, why is wage theft so common? Doesn’t the Department of Labor enforce these laws? It would be nice to think that the DOL will make everything better at Gourmet Heaven, and so we can sit back and enjoy our sandwiches guilt-free.

The fact is, many restaurants in New Haven continue to violate the wage laws, despite multiple interventions by the DOL. Take, for example, Goodfellas, an expensive Italian restaurant on State Street. ULA picketed Goodfellas for several months in 2011 until the owner finally agreed to pay $23,000 owed to four workers.

Several years before, the DOL had fined the same restaurant $9,300 and forced the owner to pay $9,527.51 in stolen wages to 10 other workers. The existence of such “repeat offenders” proves that boycotts are a necessary and effective tool for workers to enforce fair wages.

Since the DOL was created during the Great Depression, protections have been gutted.

According to Interfaith Worker Justice, “In 1941, the US DOL had 1,700 investigators — one investigator for every 9,000 workers. They inspected 1 in 10 businesses. … In 2010, the DOL had only 1,000 investigators — one investigator for every 130,000 workers who are covered by minimum wage laws.” It is no wonder that conditions continue to deteriorate!

Workers can no longer stand by and wait for a weak regulatory agency to enforce regu-

lations that are wholly inadequate. The only workers who earn a living wage in this country are the ones who have organized and demanded it. Boycotts have proven to be one of the most effective ways for workers to exercise their power and for consumers to support them.

SEND A MESSAGE TO WORKERS THAT THEY ARE NOT ALONE By boycotting Gourmet Heaven in a public way, we send a message to other workers that they are not alone, and that they too can come out of the shadows and demand fair compensation. We send a message to employers across the city that they should think twice before cheating workers. We send a message to the owner of Gourmet Heaven that he better not intimidate the workers or retaliate against them for cooperating with the DOL investigation.

In addition to boycotting, we do need systemic changes. We need a stronger Department of Labor. We need a livable minimum wage. We need municipal legislation that would treat an employer who steals thousands of dollars from a worker the same as, well, any other criminal who steals thousands of dollars from anyone else. But these systemic changes are not a substitute for an on-the-ground movement on behalf of particular workers being abused by particular employers. Grassroots movements like the one against Gourmet Heaven are our best chance to get these changes. The workers and members of ULA who are asking you to join the boycott are the same people who were in Hartford last spring lobbying to raise the minimum wage and in Washington, D.C., this summer demanding an end to deportations.

That’s why we will be on the picket line again this Friday at 5:30, outside Gourmet Heaven’s Broadway location, and every Friday thereafter until the demands of the workers are met. We hope that you join us, and we think you will find it much more satisfying than a sandwich from Gourmet Heaven.

GREG WILLIAMS is a student at Yale Divinity School.

tered your fair share of them. Crowding into the God Quad has been replaced by a casual mingling outside L-Dub. They’ve realized that the grass really isn’t greener on the inside of Toad’s (it’s just stickier). The only parties they’re visiting now are the ones related to Blue Booking — and they may not even be shopping anymore. It’s not that they’re abstaining from anything social; it’s just that they’ve realized that the traditional college clichés of dance floor makeouts and diluted beer isn’t really (and never was) their scene. And while they may not know the term yet, they are the FWUGs of the class of 2017, following a storied chain of previous FWUGs before them.

WELCOME TO THE #FWUGLIFE It should be noted that there is nothing pejorative in calling someone a FWUG. I, myself, have adopted FWUGish tendencies, often opting for FroCo pizza at midnight instead of following the sound of house music and scent of hormones to a party suite.

So is FWUG less of a niche group, but rather a trait that exists — to some degree — in all of us? Perhaps. But more important than the term itself, this social behavior makes a broader comment on the entire freshman experience. As we enter this new place, we have the beauty of choice: in what we do in our free time, when we do what we do and why we do it. If college is all about testing the boundaries of our comfort zone, then the decision to stay in or go out is certainly part of that calculus.

There will always be people searching for the next party or seeking the closest library cubicle, but most students will find themselves somewhere in the middle — and that’s good. Whether we’re FWUGs, SWUGs or any other Yale acronym, only when we escape that pressure to arbitrarily define ourselves by outside standards can we create our own college experience.

Maybe in the process of doing so, we’ll remember that our old selves were pretty cool too.

LARRY MILSTEIN is a freshman in Jonathan Edwards College. Contact him at larry.milstein@yale.edu .

Fight for 15

GUEST COLUMNIST GREG WILLIAMS

Why we boycott

amp Yale was a debutante ball. It was the chance to lift our heads from our books and venture into that undiscovered country of fraternity houses and sweaty dance floors. It was the time to assert our popularity, hang with the cool cats and venture into the “it” crowd. Without classes or large commitments, this week was the opportunity for total social reinvention. And for many freshmen, this opportunity was not going to be missed.

This is not to say that there is something inherently wrong with broadening our horizons — the very purpose of Camp Yale was to “break the ice.” However, after the usual getting-to-knowyou games during the day, nights were often occupied with a frenzied scramble to “where it was at.” Students formed de facto crews in which they party-hopped from place to place, relying on hearsay and scraps of information as breadcrumbs to an undetermined final destination. Many of us were driven by that perpetual freshman fear of missing out, which led us to consider any quiet moment to be wasted time. In short, we reasoned that we missed out in order to get to Yale, and therefore, we needed to raise our social grade point average. And so, students emerged the next morning trading stories like baseball cards, answering the holy question, “What did you do last night?” Each day, this cycle repeated — different places, same story, same answers.

However, just as the newcomers testing the waters emerged, the wave receded nearly as quickly. After speaking to upperclassmen, it appears that this social devolution happens, to a certain extent, every year. A population of students, intent on being hypersocial (pregaming the pregame, finding a way into every frat in a given night, never missing a night at Toad’s), has returned en masse to their less-than-socialite-y comfort zone over the course of roughly a week.

Hence, I plan to introduce a new acronym to the Yale lexicon: FWUG. While the term closely resembles SWUG, it centers on an entirely different social niche. Rather than being genderspecific, a FWUG (Freshman WashedUp Guy/Girl) is someone who, in seeking a social life unfulfilled in high school, becomes entirely worn out in the opening days of college. You won’t find a definition for FWUG on Urban Dictionary, but if you’ve hung around Old Campus recently, you’ve certainly encoun-

O

n Aug. 1 I stood outside of a Walgreens in downtown Chicago chanting, “Come on out! We’ve got your back!” alongside 200 other people. We stood in the windows holding up signs that read, “We are worth more” and “Strike for 15.” Teresa, an employee, looked outside at the crowd longingly as her manager yelled at her, illegally, that joining her co-workers on strike would result in her termination. After a 30-minute standoff, Teresa worked up the courage to walk out and join the protest. The crowd erupted in celebratory screams and Teresa was attacked with hugs from her co-workers as we moved on down the block to picket outside of Chick-fil-A. The ecstatic expression on her face showed that she clearly felt she’d made the right decision. A beautiful picture of the moment was featured in the Chicago Tribune the following day.

BOYCOTT CORPORATIONS THAT REFUSE TO PAY A FAIR WAGE We were part of a nationwide movement of one- to two-day strikes of fast food and retail workers called the Fight for 15 campaign. Our demands were simple: a $15 minimum wage and the right to unionize without employer retaliation. Hundreds of striking workers and supporters travelled around the city’s neighborhoods and downtown, picketing in front of each store where workers were on strike. Each day of protests began at 5:00 a.m. and we marched until evening.

The current minimum wage level in Chicago is $8.25, mean-

ing that an employee e a r n s a r o u n d $17,000 a year, assuming they are given the opportuDIANA nity to work ROSEN full-time.

A common Looking Left argument in support of a low minimum wage is that these jobs are often reserved for teenagers, yet over 57 percent of minimum wage earners in Chicago are over 30.

In response to this criticism, McDonald’s released a sample budget plan for its employees this summer, explaining how to make due on a fast food salary.

The budget plan assumed that each worker had a second job and was working over 70 cumulative hours per week. Even so, the plan allotted only $20 a month for healthcare and $600 for rent. Initially, McDonald’s suggested that its employees spend no money at all on heating, but raised that figure to $50 after McDonald’s faced ridicule from every corner of the Internet.

McDonald’s proved what critics have been saying for years: supporting a family of four on a minimum wage salary is simply not feasible. Even a $15 minimum wage only produces around a $30,000 salary.

The costs of raising the minimum wage would not be as large as many claim they would be either. While downtown Chicago fast food and retail chains have seen billions of dollars in increased profits over the last decade, the cost of raising their employees’ salaries to $15 is only estimated to be $103 million, a relatively small fraction. Even if the costs were entirely absorbed into prices (which wouldn’t necessarily be the case), a study

out of the University of Kansas says that the McDonald’s dollar menu would only increase by seventeen cents. Minimum wage in this country has not kept up with either inflation or increases in productivity, and it is time for this to change.

Many of the workers who have gone on strike with Fight for 15 have seen real improvements to their jobs, including wage raises, more reasonable hours and better treatment by management. Although it is illegal to face retaliation of any kind (including termination) in response to a strike over unfair labor practices, some employers will attempt to do so anyway. To prevent this, groups of at least ten supporters of Fight for 15 walked each worker back to their store the morning following the strike. A lawyer or religious spokesperson went with each group and gave the employer a letter explaining the worker’s rights. The group would refuse to leave until the employee was allowed back into work. When we chanted, “Come on out! We’ve got your back!” to employees like Teresa, we truly meant it.

I got a chance to speak to Teresa during a lunch break a few hours after she walked out of her store. I asked her how she was able to work up the courage to go on strike under such intimidating circumstances.

She told me that the minute she saw the crowd of workers and friends outside she knew she had no other option but to strike. Teresa marched along with thousands across the country, and the same group went on strike again last Thursday. They will continue the Fight for 15 until their demands are met.

DIANA ROSEN is a sophomore in Pierson College. She is a staff blogger for the News. Contact her at diana.rosen@yale.edu .

PAGE 4

YALE DAILY NEWS · FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

FROM THE FRONT

“I wish all teenagers can filter through songs instead of turning to drugs and alcohol.”

TAYLOR SWIFT AMERICAN SINGER-SONGWRITER

Admins work to combat risks of college drinking ALCOHOL POLICY FROM PAGE 1 sity Health Services, pointed to medical dangers, links with sexual misconduct, property damage, chronic alcoholism, lowered academic performance and a disrupted living environment for other students as repercussions of alcohol abuse that are urgently drawing administrative attention.

Today’s efforts to address alcohol abuse, unlike those in the past, draw on increasingly available data that point administrators toward prevention strategies proven to be effective. Yet while a larger pool of evidence-based approaches is available, Yale’s leaders are still searching for a comprehensive plan to combat the risks associated with college drinking.

“All the pieces are falling into place, but the puzzle just hasn’t been put together yet,” said Aaron White, a researcher at the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism in the Undergraduate Drinking Research Initiative. “We know a lot more about what works, there are more campus administrators involved and I think we are all anticipating there will be significant improvements moving forward.”

PROVEN SOLUTIONS

Historically, a gap has existed between research on high-risk drinking and administrative action. Only in the last decade has the divide significantly narrowed as administrators have started emphasizing data-based practices rather than hit-and-miss efforts, experts said.

Toben Nelson, associate director of the College Alcohol Study, said the most effective approaches to reducing high-risk behavior restrict student access to alcohol — whether through making it less available for purchase, not serving it at events or training servers to be responsible in their service, among other means.

“A well-documented finding [is] that educational efforts by themselves really don’t do much to change people’s behavior despite the fact that we think they ought to,” Nelson said. “Information doesn’t by itself drive student behavior.”

To a degree, the University has taken this logic into account — the Dean’s Office as well as the Office of Risk Management currently offer responsible server training, a class that teaches students proper alcohol distribution techniques and intervention strategies, said Marjorie Lemmon, the manager of Yale’s Office of Risk Management.

But generally, rather than these more restrictive policies, the University has focused on educational programs that attempt to adjust the behavior of the entire student population.

In August, the University debuted an online alcohol education course with skits depicting appropriate drinking practices for incoming freshmen. The online module was built on research that shows the success of “social norms approaches,” methods that aim to change a student’s percep-

tions of others’ behavior, Fiddler said. Including Yale students in the skits increases their effectiveness because studies show social norms approaches work better when they are specific to a campus, he added.

Experts said individual counseling, rather than broader alcohol education, is one practice that research has shown to have an especially positive impact on behavior related to alcohol.

Through brief motivational interviewing, counselors can help students facing alcohol abuse issues realize where their problems lie and how to begin to change, experts interviewed said.

Currently, Yale students who exhibit problematic alcohol use are directed to one-on-one counseling with substance abuse counselor Marie Baker, Fiddler said.

The process draws on the concepts of brief motivational interviewing as well as BASICS (Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students), a preventative strategy that provides students with feedback about the accuracy of their beliefs about alcohol.

In 2012, Yale administrators introduced a new freshman orientation session about alcohol where freshmen counselors led group discussions. The conversations follow similar principles to brief motivational interviewing, but the concepts are expanded to fit a group discussion rather than individual interaction, Fiddler said. The purpose of the conversations is to have students consider what they want their interaction with alcohol to look like and what drinking will and will not accomplish in terms of social benefits.

The tricky aspect of finding a solution to alcohol abuse is combining research-backed methods into a cohesive strategy for a particular university, White said.

Different campuses have different social dynamics, he added, so “there is no ‘one size fits all.’”

SCALING BACK SOCIAL LIFE

In December, Yale announced the formation of two new committees to address alcohol and drug use — the Yale College Dean’s Office Task Force on Alcohol and Other Drugs and the University Council Committee.

Administrators said the bulk of forthcoming policy and program shifts will be made clear in a report from the UCC. Meetings of the Task Force — a cross-section of students, faculty and administrators — concluded last spring and the group submitted its undisclosed recommendations, largely focusing on suggestions for educational programs, to the University Council Committee. The University Council Committee is expected to make official recommendations concerning Yale’s approach to alcohol sometime this fall.

Linda Major, assistant to vice chancellor for student affairs at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, said consistent discipline for alcohol abuses and preventing students from entering dan-

gerous situations has been proven to lower incidents of high-risk drinking.

Recent cases of dangerous drinking have pushed masters and deans to cancel or downsize major campus events. Within the past decade, dances such as Pierson’s Inferno and Jonathan Edward’s Spider Ball have been scaled down. Timothy Dwight’s Exotic Erotic was held for the last time in 2000 after 10 students were hospitalized that year. Silliman’s Safety Dance was canceled last October after eight hospitalizations.

There is no debate among masters that the cancellation and downsizing of schoolwide dances has picked up in recent years, said Jonathan Holloway, master of Calhoun College and former chair of the Council of Masters.

“The level of awareness is ratcheting up, so it is increasingly difficulty for masters to rationalize hosting these big campus parties which can be a tremendous amount of fun if people only realize they can have a great amount of fun while sober,” he said.

Students have noticed an increased administrative crackdown on alcohol and fear that the University has shifted its stance on alcohol from supportive to punitive, according to an April letter from the Yale College Council to the University Council Committee.

While Holloway said he is frustrated by the decision to downsize major parties because the majority of students are not engaging in high-risk drinking, the small number of students who do end up hospitalized “forces our hand,” he said.

A MODERN PROBLEM

Administrators and experts interviewed cited a variety of reasons for the heightened attention to alcohol in the past year — not only at Yale but across the country — including evolving student drinking habits and legal developments that have increased University liability.

College students today exhibit entirely new drinking habits compared to students in years past, Workman said. Whereas beer was the drink of choice decades ago, hard alcohol has become much more commonplace, and the popularization of flavored hard alcohol has also replaced wine in social settings, he added.

Pregaming has become a particularly significant campus issue in the last five years, Vice President for Student Life Kimberly Goff-Crews said, adding that she has noticed that students are drinking more heavily in general.

Yale’s overall alcohol consumption rate was above the national average at other universities, according to surveys conducted by the Yale College Dean’s Office during the 2011–’12 academic year, and students at Yale took fewer protective measures, such as eating before drinking, than students at other universities on average. The majority of drinking at Yale takes place in dorm rooms, particularly during pregames, the

surveys found.

At the same time, the Internet has allowed for the proliferation of fake IDs, said David Hartman, spokesman for the New Haven Police Department. The popularization of synthetic drugs, such as molly, further complicates the drinking landscape, he said.

Most significantly, the number of students at Yale who become so intoxicated that they must be taken to Yale Health or Yale-New Haven Hospital has increased in the past academic year, administrators said. Additionally, the severity of the cases has been increasing, said Hannah Peck DIV ’11, director of student affairs for the YCDO. But Genecin said it was unclear whether the numbers indicated increased binge drinking because it could also be related to increased reporting.

Meanwhile, legal developments are increasingly holding colleges responsible for providing safe social environments. Universities including Yale are held liable for incidents for which they would not have been responsible in the past, Fiddler said.

Yale and other colleges now receive federal funding contingent on following national alcohol and drug guidelines, Fiddler said, including the Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act Amendments of 1989 — which requires universities to establish alcohol abuse prevention programs.

“There’s no question that the law has forced a restructuring of administrative priorities,” said Peter Lake, director for the Center for Excellence in Higher Education Law and Policy at Stetson University. “This is about the time [that] you can see the public mentality shifting away from students responsible for themselves and [now] universities play a greater role in protecting students.”

More recently, a change in Connecticut liquor laws in 2006 — which made it illegal for a person of legal drinking age to fail to halt possession of alcohol by a minor — has raised concerns over liability for event hosts, Dean of Student Affairs Marichal Gentry said.

“The best defense an institution can present is to demonstrate it has made every effort to put in place evidence-based practices,” said William DeJong, former director of the U.S. Department of Education’s Higher Education Center for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse and Violence Prevention. “If you don’t do that, then you’re obviously in a weakened legal position.”

OVERCOMING HURDLES

Although drinking is an ageold problem, it took decades for experts to identify alcohol at colleges as a problem, said Jason Kilmer, assistant director of health and wellness for alcohol and other drug education at the University of Washington, adding that the term “binge drinking” was not used until 1994.

A 1954 essay from the former psychiatrist-in-chief at Yale’s Department of University Health Clements Collard Fry — “A Note

on Drinking in the College Community” — tentatively suggested that the “first observation to be made is that drinking is a part, sometimes an important part, of the mores of the college society.”

Until the 1990s, issues around college student drinking were still being defined, Kilmer said.

The University’s efforts to track and analyze alcohol usage — such as through the YCDO’s ongoing surveys about student drinking habits — is a new phenomenon.

Thirty years ago, almost no formal research was conducted on effects of alcohol on college students, White said, and prevention was nearly nonexistent on campuses.

Experts say many problems associated with drinking are worsened by the 21-and-over drinking age, which has been in effect since 1985. The drinking age pushes underage drinkers to consume alcohol behind closed doors in dorm rooms, said Michael Haines, a consultant in social norms programs related to college drinking. The safest place to drink on campus would be public, school-sponsored events, because in public, students better monitor each other’s behavior and social cues prevent students from drinking too much, Haines said.

The best defense an institution can present is to demonstrate it has made every effort to put in place evidence-based practices.

WILLIAM DEJONG Former director, Higher Education Center for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse and Violence Prevention Prior to 1985, when the drinking age was 18, alcohol was served at school-sponsored events, said Sidney Altman, who served as Yale College dean from 1985 to 1989. The change in the drinking age elicited new regulations to prevent underage drinking at college-sponsored events, Altman said, forcing alcohol consumption underground and resulting in the death of sophomore Ted McGuire ’89 in 1986 due to alcohol poisoning.

Administrators must pick their battles, said Kate Carey, a professor of behavioral and social sciences at Brown University and a member of the UCC, and the project of policing underage drinkers is sidelined to focus on preventing high-risk behavior of a group of students of any age.

“I think there is that potential for learning how to drink responsibly, it’s just how to manage it,” Holloway said. “By the time you get to senior year, the education’s coming too late, they’ve learned the hard way.”

But teaching students how to drink appropriately is complicated because of the legal drinking age and also because undergrad-

uates can be at vastly different stages in their social development, he added.

POISED TO LEAD

The University seeks to be at the forefront of alcohol culture reform as many colleges are confronting similar issues, said Paul McKinley DRA ’96, spokesman for the Dean’s Office.

“I very much want Yale to be a leader in reducing high-risk drinking and in campus safety more generally,” University President Peter Salovey said.

Administrators have taken a number of measures at Yale to increase the number of alcoholrelated personnel. The hiring process for a director of alcohol and other drug initiatives began in 2008, but the position was put on hold due to budget cuts. The YCDO has hired three fellows since 2010 whose duties relate directly to alcohol safety. Faculty and administrators interviewed said Goff-Crews, for whom the position of vice president of student life was created in 2012, has spearheaded a number of alcohol efforts over the past year.

Under former University President Richard Levin, Yale signed onto the National College Health Improvement Program — an effort based out of Dartmouth that collects and shares data between colleges on best alcohol prevention practices. To participate in the initiative, NCHIP required a “particularly groundbreaking” commitment from university presidents of their full dedication, said Dartmouth spokesman and NCHIP faculty member Justin Anderson.

The NCHIP effort, led by former Dartmouth President Jim Yong Kim, has brought presidents of Ivy League schools to the table in the discussion around drinking practices, DeJong said. The field of alcohol prevention has not had such significant Ivy League involvement and collaboration in the past, experts said.

“One of the things working at Yale and Dartmouth — there are really smart people thinking about things that have plagued us as a society for generation,” Anderson said. “These are institutions that are agencies of innovation.”

Efforts at other institutions show that alcohol reform efforts require support from college presidents, coupled with a sense of urgency to be successful, Workman said.

Carey said she is optimistic that the problem of alcohol abuse on college campuses has a solution.

“I’ve lived through the social norms and culture change of smoking and drinking and driving,” she said. “At one point, everybody was doing it and you couldn’t really make a dent, but society did change.”

Right now the major determinant for Yale is still going to be recommendations from the UCC, Fiddler said, and “our breaths are still collectively being held.”

Contact CYNTHIA HUA at cynthia.hua@yale.edu .

TIMELINE HISTORY OF YALE ALCOHOL POLICIES 1969

2005

2006

2007

2008

Yale administrators describe alcohol misconduct as an “issue of concern” to the University.

The Committee on Alcohol Policy in Yale College is convened by University President Richard Levin.

The Committee on Alcohol Policy in Yale College proposes late night alternatives, a ban on grain alcohol and a requirement for certified bartenders at parties.

Administrators consider banning U-Hauls and other large vehicles at tailgates but the ban is ultimately not implemented.

The University considers hiring a director of alcohol and drug abuse initiatives but puts the position on hold due to budget cuts.

New tailgating restrictions ban drinking games and require that tailgating activities be shut down after the end of halftime.

December 2012

November 2012

August 2012

2011

Two new committees on alcohol — the Yale College Dean’s Office Task Force on Alcohol and Other Drugs and the University Council Committee on Alcohol in Yale College — are announced.

Revised tailgating policies ban kegs and “box trucks” and create a vehicle-free student tailgating area, and students are required to leave the tailgate area by kickoff.

A new policy requires offcampus parties to register with the Yale College Dean’s Office (YCDO).

New tailgate rules require fans to present valid identification to receive a wristband showing that they are of legal drinking age.

Alcohol Conversation Dinners are held in residential colleges by YCDO fellows following 10-minute information sessions about alcohol.

Freshman orientation includes conversations on alcohol led by freshmen counselors. Previously, alcohol education was mixed into other information sessions.

Student organizations must register their tailgates in advance with the Athletics Department.

Administrators lift the ban on residential colleges serving alcohol at tailgate.

January 2013

March 2013

April 2013

August 2013

The YCDO rolls out bartender and TIPs training.

A Yale College Council survey on alcohol finds over 200 undergraduates have chosen not to seek assistance when intoxicated due to fear of repercussions.

A YCC Open letter to the University Council Committee on alcohol states that students “express concern that Yale’s attitude towards alcohol has shifted from a supportive to a punitive one.”

Incoming freshmen go through alcohol education training online.

YALE DAILY NEWS · FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 5

NEWS

“It is our choices, Harry, that show what we truly are, far more than our abilities.” ALBUS DUMBLEDORE HEADMASTER OF HOGWARTS IN THE “HARRY POTTER” SERIES

Borrow Direct expands westward

College seminars in full swing

BY JANE DARBY MENTON STAFF REPORTER

HENRY EHRENBERG/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

Through the Borrow Direct interlibrary loan partnership, over 50 million books are available for free to the students, faculty and staff of member institutions.

BY SOPHIE GOULD STAFF REPORTER Yale students, faculty and staff now have access to millions more books than they did last year.

This summer, Borrow Direct — a quick-delivery interlibrary loan partnership between the eight Ivy League schools and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology — expanded to include the University of Chicago.

The expansion adds several million volumes to the Borrow Direct service, raising the total number of books available for free to students, faculty and staff at member institutions to over 50 million. Yale students interviewed who have used the service were enthusiastic about the addition of Chicago’s holdings, and University Librarian Susan Gibbons said the program’s signature fourday delivery period has not increased as a result of the program’s westward expansion.

Primarily used by students in need of texts that have already been checked out of the Yale library, Borrow Direct processed 40,208 requests from Yale faculty, students and staff during the 2012–’13 academic year. Compared to the regular interlibrary loan system, which can take up two weeks to deliver a book or document, Borrow Direct has a fourday guaranteed turnaround period,

and students interviewed said the service is fast, reliable and cost-saving as a result.

Gibbons said representatives from Chicago expressed interest in joining Borrow Direct last fall at a meeting of the Ivy Plus consortium, which includes the eight Ivy League schools and MIT, Stanford, Chicago, Johns Hopkins and Duke.

There are thoughts about expanding [Borrow Direct] further, but … first and foremost this is a way of providing expedited book delivery service.

TOM BRUNO Associate director for resource sharing and reserves, Yale University Library “The Borrow Direct partners agreed that it would be beneficial to all to have Chicago in the program, so long as Chicago covered its own costs of joining the program and we would be able to retain the same quick delivery times,” Gibbons said in a Thursday email. “Chicago was ready to

join this summer, and so far, average delivery time has not increased as a result.”

Librarians interviewed said the size and breadth of a university’s library collection, as well as a university’s ability to meet a four-day timeline for processing and shipping, are the primary factors that the Borrow Direct partners consider when deciding whether to expand the program to a new school.

Once admitted, Chicago was responsible for making the investments necessary to connect its libraries to the system, said Brad Warren, director of access services for Sterling Memorial Library and Bass Library.

According to an Aug. 27 statement from Chicago, Borrow Direct was able to launch at Chicago as a result of a donation from the Rhoades Foundation.

Tom Bruno, associate director for resource sharing and reserves at the Yale University Library, said Borrow Direct is considering expanding the program further but added that the existing partners will have to ensure that any possible expansions do not slow the service.

“I know there are thoughts about expanding the service further, but I think we have to keep in mind that first and foremost this is a way of providing expedited book delivery service,” he said. “With Chicago’s

entrance, we’ll be looking at impact on delivery and turnaround times and monitoring it closely.”

Mattie Fitch GRD ’14 said although some students may fear that the expansion of Borrow Direct will make Yale’s books less available to Yale students, he has found that multiple copies of any given book are usually available within the Borrow Direct network.

Hillary Taylor GRD ’16 said she thinks the expansion is a good thing for Yale students, adding that “there seem to be enough books to go around so they needn’t be jealously guarded.”

Still, Octavie Bellavance GRD ’16 said Chicago seemed a strange geographic choice for a library consortium that is based in the Northeast.

“Including MIT, NYU or other universities in the region makes perfect sense, but logistically and environmentally, I’m skeptical of the decision to invite Chicago,” she said.

Students interviewed said they have used Borrow Direct for everything from accessing obscure texts for dissertation research to saving money on seminar books.

Approximately 50 percent of Borrow Direct users at Yale are graduate students, and 25 percent are undergraduates, according to Warren.

Contact SOPHIE GOULD at sophie.gould@yale.edu .

Durfee’s swipes increase by $1

Contact J.R. REED at jonathan.t.reed@yale.edu .

Contact JANE DARBY MENTON at jane.menton@yale.edu .

Yale Dining has increased the value of meal swipes at retail dining locations such as Durfee’s, above, and Thain Family Café. food.”

Tara Rajan ’15 did not know about the change in swipe value, but she said she would not be more inclined to go to Durfee’s or other retail locations, calling the swipe value change a minimal difference. She said she has also noticed a spike in prices at Durfee’s.

“I’d rather get meals at the dining hall and then just keep a reserved stock of food in my room,” she said.

Although Patrick Yong ’16 was aware that the price had changed, he too does not plan on frequenting Durfee’s more this year.

HAL BROOKS ’88 Professor, “Composing and Performing the One-Act Play”

“I was aware that the value increased, but it hasn’t really changed my spending habits,” Yong said. “It seems like the prices of Durfee’s products have also increased, so I haven’t been going there or really other retail dining locations more, despite the higher swipe value.”

Students can substitute their meal swipes for money at Yale Dining retail locations from 11 a.m. to 5 p.m. each day.

ALLIE KRAUSE/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

viewed agreed that the change in the swipe value would not persuade them to regularly venture outside of the dining halls for lunch. Mahir Rahman ’16 said he believes he gets a better deal on food if he eats almost all of his meals in the dining hall. “[The increase in swipe value] hasn’t had an effect on me at all,” Rahman said. “I would say I went to Durfee’s or other campus food spots once a week last year. But I have in fact spent much less time going to University retail this semester. I have structured my meals so that I don’t have to use the retail places for

It’s a fantastic program — it allows people who are out in the real world … to see the energy of all the students.

Colon said the seminars embrace unconventional teaching that is not found in the regular Yale classroom. Students in Thorne’s philanthropy class act as actual philanthropists, working together over the course of the semester to choose how to donate a $100,000 gift.

Danielle Tumminio ’03 DIV ’08, whose Morse College seminar “Christian Theology and Harry Potter” has drawn approximately 100 applications each time she has taught it, said she chose to teach within the seminar program because she felt it allowed “an innovative approach to pedagogy,” adding that the course lets her push the boundaries of teaching theology.

Hal Brooks ’88, who teaches the Silliman College seminar “Composing and Performing the One-Act Play,” said the program brings alumni and students together.

“It’s a fantastic program — it allows people who are out in the real world, who have a love of the Yale community, to see the energy of all the students,” Brooks said. “It’s a great opportunity to come back, to stay a part of Yale and to connect those students to the community outside Yale.”

Residential college seminars remain consistently oversubscribed — three professors interviewed said they received over 90 applications to fill only 18 spots. While the hassle of getting into the oversubscribed residential college seminars can be exhausting, students interviewed said their experiences with the classes have been positive.

Eric Stern ’15 — who has taken two residential college seminars, “Ethical Dilemmas of Legislators” and “Perspectives on Stem Cells” — said he enjoyed both classes, adding that the ethical dilemmas course was one of the best courses he has taken at Yale.

“In my experience, most of the instructors are experts and really cool people in their field,” Stern said. “I wanted to get perspective straight from [them].”

Stern added that he plans on applying to more residential college seminars in the future.

The first residential college seminars were offered in 1969.

BY J.R. REED STAFF REPORTER In a bid to give students access to more food, Yale Dining raised the value of a Durfee’s meal swipe this year — but students are skeptical that the change will make any difference in their dining choices.

This summer, Yale Dining changed the transfer value of its residential dining lunch swipe from $7 to $8. The transfer rate has remained at $7 for the past several years, and Director of Residential Dining Cathy Van Dyke SOM ’86 said Yale Dining wanted to provide students with more money to use for swipes in the retail dining locations, including Durfee’s, Bass Library’s Thain Family Café and Kline Biology Tower Café. Although students said the extra dollar is a welcome addition to their lunchtime budgets, most added that they think the change reflects increasing food prices and is too marginal to make much of an impact on their meal decisions.

“Students are now getting more food when they use a swipe at one of those locations,” Van Dyke said.

“Yale Dining thought that the value should increase so that students can get more value for their swipes.”

Only 12 of 30 students polled were aware that Yale Dining had changed the swipe value this year.

And while certain Durfee’s products have not changed in price this year, 10 students interviewed said they have seen the values for featured Durfee’s lunch combos increase.

While chicken tender combo meals, for example, were priced at $7 last semester, these meals are now set at $8.

Twenty of 30 students inter-

After budgetary constraints slashed Yale’s residential college seminar offerings in half in 2011, the seminar program has returned to its previous level.

The 50-year-old program, which allows individuals from outside the University community to teach courses that are not within Yale’s traditional departmental structures, went under review in January 2011 after the University’s budget began to feel the impact of the recession and the seminar program’s longtime director, Catherine Suttle, left Yale.

Though the program continued to function at reduced capacity for several semesters, Yale resumed offering roughly 20 seminars per term in the 2012–’13 school year, and now, three semesters later, the program has stabilized at this prereduction level.

Faculty and students interviewed expressed enthusiasm about the resurgence of the program and said the seminars provide a space for innovative teaching and learning.

“I am a big fan of the program,” Yale College Dean Mary Miller said. “I think it’s one of the ways that we make it possible for individuals who don’t have traditional academic credentials to have an impact on the classroom with their sustained and profound life experiences.”

Aisling Colon, who was appointed college seminar program coordinator in fall 2012, said she receives between 40 and 60 course proposals each term, a number that has remained consistent in the past five years despite financial struggles.

Miller said the seminar program allows alumni to give back to their alma mater. About half of the 18 seminars offered this fall are taught by Yale alumni.

Two of this term’s college seminar instructors interviewed said they applied to teach their own course after having a positive experience with the program while students at Yale.

“I was very lucky when I was a Yale undergrad to have taken college seminars, and I thought they were wonderful in my experience,” said Maxim Thorne ’89 LAW ’92, who teaches a Yale College seminar entitled “Philanthropy in Action.” “I thought that I could both give back to Yale and to students, but in an innovative way.”

PAGE 6

YALE DAILY NEWS · FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

FROM THE FRONT

“Big jobs usually go to the men who prove their ability to outgrow small ones.”

THEODORE ROOSEVELT 26TH PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES

Wood promises Force emerges to confront unions to be a presence TAKE BACK NH FROM PAGE 1

the relationship between the college and the city, and that’s something that has to change.”

One audience member, Edward Anderson, was not satisfied with her answer, asking again, “Are you going to be here?”

“Yes,” she said. “Yes.” She said she is “dedicated to spending the next two years here,” though she pointed out that aldermen are not responsible for plowing the streets.

In pitching his candidacy, Hausladen cited his experience on the Board for the past two years, during which time he developed a reputation as an advocate for “quality of life” issues, government transparency and responsible budgeting.

“I’m running for re-election because I’m proud of the work I’ve done,” Hausladen said, describing in his closing statement his efforts to boost pedestrian safety in the Audubon Arts District, a project that culminated last week in the announcement of plans to revamp the intersection of Whitney Avenue and Audubon Street.

Wood relayed anecdotes from the campaign trail and spoke about her vision for a more inclusive city, one that would incorporate a broader range of voices by “going out into the community and doing the footwork to find people who don’t think of themselves as being engaged.”

Wood is a native of New Mexico who has involved herself in city politics and labor organizing in New Haven under the auspices of Yale’s Unite Here unions, Locals 34 and 35. She spent the summer working for New Haven Rising and Locals 34 and 35 and, in the past week, has received the endorsement of three other union-backed candidates seeking election this fall: Ward 1 Alderman Sarah Eidelson ’12, Ward 22 Alderman Jeanette Morrison and mayoral hopeful and Connecticut State Sen. Toni Harp ARC ’78.

Local 34 President Laurie Kennington ’01 said the unions have not endorsed either candidate in the Ward 7 race, though she said she “personally think[s] very highly of [Wood].”

[Wood’s] clearly very well trained by the union, but she’s had no experience.

BITSIE CLARK Former Ward 7 alderman, New Haven Wood, previously a resident of Dwight Street in Ward 2, moved to Ward 7 two days before submitting elections paperwork to challenge Hausladen’s reelection bid.

Bitsie Clark, who represented Ward 7 for eight years before her retirement in 2011, said after the debate that she does not think Wood stands a chance. She said she “will of course be voting for Doug,” though she added that she was impressed by Wood’s performance in the debate.

“I have enormous admiration for [Unite Here organizer] Gwen Mills and the entire Unite Here team for training this kid, who clearly knows nothing about what’s really going on, and teaching her to get their vision out there,” Clark said. “She’s clearly very well trained by the union, but she’s had no experience.”

She said representing Ward 7 requires a “depth of knowledge” in dealing with “merchants, club owners, the University and other stakeholders.”

When an 80-year-old man interrupted the debate to ask if either of them knew how many gun deaths occurred in the ward in the past year, Hausladen replied “one,” while Wood pitched her vision for a safer, more interconnected city.

Hausladen detailed the violent crimes that have touched his ward since 2012, including a standoff at the corner of College and Crown Streets that left a Bridgeport man dead.

Wood said Ward 7 is also affected by the crime that persists in other areas of the city and vowed to work collaboratively with other members of the Board to address public safety.

“I’m running to be part of the team that’s addressing these issues,” she said.

Answering a question about homelessness and panhandling, Wood said economic development and downtown commercial success must benefit a wider range of community residents.

“We’ve seen lots of businesses come into prime spots in ways that have furthered economic development but haven’t strengthened the community in ways they should,” Wood said.

She added that a broad range of services — including those of faith-based organizations — could be mobilized to support the city’s homeless population.

Hausladen answered the question in parts, first by referring to multiple well-known panhandlers by name and saying their activities threaten business and resident safety. He said the city needs to do a better job of providing “affordable housing and good quality jobs” to address the roots of homelessness.

He said his proudest moment as an alderman was when he advocated for a homeless veteran who had been unfairly kicked out of a homeless shelter.

“I couldn’t stand to have a veteran on the streets,” he said.

Wood said the highest priority issue facing Ward 7 is the livability of its neighborhoods.

Economic distress and high property taxes are driving people from New Haven, she said, and widening wealth disparities that divide city residents.

Hausladen said the city’s budget is his main concern and touted a new data visualization service he is helping to bring to city hall that will make transparent the city’s finances.

“None of us — elected or constituents — are going to be able to get our budget under control if we don’t know where our budget’s going,” he said.

Nathaniel Zelinsky ’13, a former staff columnist for the News and a lifelong New Haven resident, said “it’s pretty clear [Wood] has been recruited by the union machine, which dislikes Hausladen because he’s one of the only independent voices on the Board.”

“Ella Wood has confirmed everyone’s worst stereotypes of Yale students: that they come here and after three months they think they know how to solve the problems of the city,” Zelinsky added.

Daniel Stern ’16 said he thinks some of the criticism Wood has faced is unfair. One of Wood’s fellow members on Yale’s mock trial team, he said she is “passionate about her beliefs and is honest in her advocacy.”

Stephanie Greenlea GRD ‘11, a volunteer on Wood’s campaign, said she first met Wood through community organizing work with Unite Here.

She said Wood is an “amazing person with so much heart.”

Wood defended her involvement with Yale’s unions by saying that Locals 34 and 35 have been a “strong player in helping get people involved in the political process.”

She said criticisms that allege she lacks experience rely on “the idea that students are constitutionally unprepared to be involved in New Haven politics.”

The first Yale student to sit on the Board of Aldermen was Edward Zelinsky ’72 LAW ’75, father of Nathaniel.

Contact ISAAC STANLEY-BECKER at isaac.stanley-becker@yale.edu .

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THE POWER OF THE UNION

Union dominance of the Board of Aldermen came, after a decade-long effort, in 2011, when organized labor capitalized on broad dissatisfaction with Mayor John DeStefano Jr.’s perceived control of the board.

UNITE HERE Local 34 and Local 35 – Yale’s pink-collar and bluecollar unions – led the charge against what they described as machine politics, vowing to provide better representation to New Haven residents. Ultimately, the unions won 14 of the 15 September 2011 races in which they fielded candidates.

“The unions kicked ass tonight,” DeStefano said on the primary election night in 2011.

Victories in hand, unionbacked aldermen found themselves part of a sizeable majority on the board when they took office in January 2012. The “supermajority,” as Hausladen has called the block, allowed the unions to set a strong agenda over the last 20 months.

“Right now, we control 20 out of 30 seats on the Board of Aldermen,” Local 35 President Bob Proto said in June 2012.

Chief among the board’s pushes have been increased community policing, providing more resources for the city’s youth and growing New Haven Works, a jobs pipeline project, said Ward 29 Alderman Brian Wingate. In 2011, Wingate defeated thenBoard of Alderman President Carl Goldfield in one of the election’s biggest upsets. Goldfield had served 20 years on the Board.

Union leaders said that the current Board of Aldermen has been far more productive than previous iterations. Laurie Kennington, the president of Local 34, said that the new bloc on the

A PUSH FOR DISCOURSE

The opposition to the state of the board did not crystallize until early this summer, when a vote by the Board of Aldermen set off broad dissatisfaction. That discontent at the state of politics in the Elm City quickly took form as Take Back New Haven.

On June 3, the board voted to sell High and Wall Street to Yale, permanently, for a one-time payment of $3 million, which it used to fill the city’s budget gap.

The vote immediately drew harsh resentment, with police called to the aldermanic chambers in city hall to prevent protests from growing out of control after the vote.

Doug Hausladen immediately saw the vote as a mistake that “sold off the rights” of Elm City residents. Five minutes after the street sale, the board voted to take $6 million from the Connecticut state government. Half of the funds went to further plug the city’s budget deficit and half

went to lower the city’s mill rate, a form of property tax. Hausladen says that the board ought to have rejected the sale and used all of the $6 million for the budget gap, rather than lowering the mill rate.

Hausladen, who was elected in 2011 but is not tied to UNITE HERE, quickly found others with the same thoughts on the street sale. Over two weeks in July, Hausladen says, he held constant discussions with other Elm City residents who he thought might be interested in challenging predominance of a single bloc of aldermen on the board.

“People started coming out of the woodwork,” Hausladen said.

“There were conversations happening on doorsteps all over New Haven.”

By the end of June, Take Back New Haven had grown well beyond initial conversations. As the campaigns gathered momentum over the summer, Take Back New Haven grew to include seven candidates: Greg Smith in Ward 2, Raymond Wallace in Ward 4, Hausladen in Ward 7, Peter Webster in Ward 8, Anna Festa in Ward 10, Patty DePalma in Ward 11 and Michael Stratton in Ward 19.

Over the past two months, the candidates, along with a small group of volunteers, have chorused a steady critique of the Board of Aldermen “supermajority.” A board with a different composition, they insist, would be more likely to find new and innovative solutions to the city’s problems. At the same time, the candidates share no platform, instead finding unity on their vision for the process of governance.

Take Back New Haven candidates insist that they are not anti-union. In fact, several are members of unions and say they believe organized labor ought to play a large role in the Elm City.

“I’ve been a union member since 1970,” said Peter Webster, who, as an opera director, belongs to Actors’ Equity.

“Union people, when they are well led, are the most disciplined and well-trained people.”

A POLITICAL ORGANIZATION

Behind the public message of vigorous discourse, Take Back New Haven created a match to the well organized political

structure the unions brought to aldermanic races in 2011.

Two students, Ben Della Rocca ’16 and Dhrupad Nag, a student at the University of Connecticut, provided organizational support to the candidates aligned with Take Back New Haven. The two recruited volunteers to serve as full-time campaign managers, obtained voter data from the city and built a website that linked to each of the candidates, in addition to enlisting volunteers to canvass throughout the city. According to Della Rocca, Take Back New Haven maintained, at any time, two to four fulltime and three to seven parttime volunteers to manage the campaigns.

“We gave people who couldn’t otherwise run a chance to run,” Della Rocca said of the organization.

Still, of the seven initial candidates, only four remain. Wallace and Festa abandoned Take Back New Haven, citing a variety of issues with the project. Stratton, who lambasted the influence of unions on the board when he joined in the race, completed an about-face in mid-August. He asked for the support of Local 34, saying he wanted to be one of their “soldiers.”

“My big fear about union control of the Board of Aldermen has really been more of a theoretical concern,” Stratton said at the time. “Any time a group has that kind of power it can be used for evil. I don’t think Local 34 has any intent other than bringing about positive change.”

Della Rocca, who describes the abandonments as major but not fatal setbacks, refused to speculate as to the future of the project. After Tuesday’s primary, he said, Take Back New Haven candidates will know better whether Elm City residents share their vision for governance on the Board of Aldermen.

“There aren’t concrete plans for after this election. It depends on how well anti-machine reform and transparency are received,” Della Rocca said. “At the very least, if everyone loses, we hope we have meaningfully changed the discourse in New Haven.”

Contact MATTHEW LLOYD-THOMAS at matthew.lloyd-thomas@yale.edu .

New jobs paying lower wages CT YOUTH FROM PAGE 1 past few years have been in lowpaying sectors such as retail and food service instead of higher paying sectors such as manufacturing and local education. According to the report, for each job lost in the finance and insurance sector, Connecticut added two and a half jobs to accommodation and food services — resulting in a net loss of $2,075 of average weekly wages for the state.

Anthony Rescigno, the president of the Greater New Haven Chamber of Commerce, said that

although many manufacturing jobs still exist in New Haven, their nature has changed, requiring more specialization. He added that the New Haven Manufacturers Association has been informally visiting high schools to get students interested in New Haven’s historic industry.

“Today’s manufacturing is more upscale, technical and requires more computer skills,” Rescigno said. “That’s part of the education process, to let people know it’s not a dirty business any more.”

Tyisha Walker, Ward 23 Alderwoman and vice-chair of the

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the city’s other wards. After a summer of door-knocking and phone calls, the city’s aldermanic contests are rapidly drawing to a close with the Democratic primaries this Tuesday, and the successes of each camp’s visions for the Board of Aldermen will be determined. Regardless of the outcome, the two forces have generated substantial change over the past months in the shape of the most local of politics in New Haven.

board has made the city’s politics far more dynamic. She pointed to the current charter revision, legislation to encourage employers to hire New Haven residents and increased dialogue with the mayor’s office as the board’s major accomplishments.

“For 20 years, there has been almost no vibrant political discussion in this city,” Kennington said. “There’s a whole new set of people involved in politics, a huge increase in voter participation … so I think it’s pretty exciting to have such a vibrant political culture now.”

Two years after the union victories, though, the state of the Board of Aldermen has garnered critics in significant numbers.

Detractors claim that the slate of union-backed aldermen prevents meaningful debate, diversity of thought and innovative solutions in the Elm City’s legislative body. In a reversal of the climate in 2011, dissenters have appropriated the “machine politics” moniker, directing it not at DeStefano, but at organized labor.

“This is very DeStefano-esque in terms of stomping out dissent,” longtime downtown resident Edward Anderson said of the union presence in aldermanic races. “Instead of the ‘DeStefanati’ it’s the ‘unionistas.’”

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Board of Aldermen’s Youth Services Committee, said that as a result of the recession, older, more experienced workers laid off from their jobs moved to lowskill industries, displacing the young people who usually worked in those sectors. She added that many of the city’s available highwage jobs are in the biotechnology sector, a field which requires a high degree of training.

Walker pointed to New Haven Works — a collaboration between the city, unions and employers to connect residents with local employers — as an example of the

city’s efforts to alleviate youth unemployment. She stressed that initiatives such as New Haven Works would be ineffective without jobs to which the program could connect residents.

“New Haven Works is not a job, it’s an entity that places you in a job,” Walker said. “We need to push employers to give young people a shot.”

According to the report, 44.4 percent of New Haven’s 16 to 19-year-olds are unemployed.

Contact RAY NOONAN at ray.noonan@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 7

BULLETIN BOARD

TODAY’S FORECAST

TOMORROW

Sunny, with a high near 72.

North wind 8 to 10 mph becoming southwest in the afternoon.

SUNDAY

High of 77, low of 59.

High of 79, low of 53.

SCIENCE HILL BY SPENCER KATZ

ON CAMPUS FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 6 11:00 AM “Lessons from Iraq: Marshes and Urban Resilience” Jennifer Pournelle will present the Agrarian Studies Colloquium. Open to the general public. Institution for Social and Policy Studies (77 Prospect St.), Seminar Room B012.

7:30 PM Yale Anime Society Presents “Cowboy Bebop” Join the Yale Anime Society to watch the first five episodes of “Cowboy Bebop,” a classic anime about bounty hunters in space. William L. Harkness Hall (100 Wall St.), Room 119.

SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 7 11:00 AM Rhythmic Blue Auditions Rhythmic Blue, Yale’s first and only hip-hop and contemporary dance team, will be auditioning potential new members. Payne Whitney Gymnasium (70 Tower Pkwy), Fifth Floor Studio E/F.

THAT MONKEY TUNE BY MICHAEL KANDALAFT

9:00 PM The Viola Question’s Recruitment Show The Viola Question takes to the stage to perform their unique mix of longand short-form improvisational comedy. The VQ specializes in an combination of quick games that focus on wit and audience interaction, as well as longer scenes that revolve around character development, storytelling and situational humor. LinslyChittenden Hall (63 High St.), Room 101.

SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 8 8:00 PM Yale Swing and Blues Weekly Dance Practicum The Yale Swing and Blues Sunday night dance practicum brings new and old dancers, locals, and visitors together for an evening of social dancing with an informal, friendly atmosphere. Swing will be from 8–9:30 p.m., and blues from 9:30–11 p.m. Free admission.

Sage Hall (205 Prospect St.).

DOONESBURY BY GARRY TRUDEAU

y SUBMIT YOUR EVENTS ONLINE yaledailynews.com/events/submit To reach us: E-mail editor@yaledailynews.com Advertisements 2-2424 (before 5 p.m.)

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Mailing address Yale Daily News P.O. Box 209007 New Haven, CT 06520

Questions or comments about the fairness or accuracy of stories should be directed to Editor in Chief Tapley Stephenson at (203) 432-2418.

Bulletin Board is a free service provided to groups of the Yale community for events. Listings should be submitted online at yaledailynews.com/events/ submit. The Yale Daily News reserves the right to edit listings.

To visit us in person 202 York St. New Haven, Conn. (Opposite JE) FOR RELEASE SEPTEMBER 6, 2013

Interested in drawing cartoons for the Yale Daily News?

CONTACT KAREN TIAN AT karen.tian@yale.edu

Los Angeles Times Daily Crossword Puzzle

CLASSIFIEDS

CROSSWORD Edited by Rich Norris and Joyce Lewis ACROSS 1 Sign of trouble 4 Sword holder 10 San Joaquin Valley concern 14 PC core 15 Yes or no follower 16 Dance that tells a story 17 Farm girl 18 Physicist got all wound up?

20 Prefix with European 22 “Enough!”

23 Race line 25 Fireworks reaction 26 “The Stepford Wives” author Levin 29 Mathematician got ready for a shower?

34 Swing around on an axis 35 Sigh of sorrow 36 Seismologist rose to new heights?

42 California’s __ Valley 43 Unrefined type 44 Physicist made an opposing move?

52 Explosive letters 53 “I’ll meet thee on the __-rig”: Burns 54 Fur piece 55 Socrates, for one 60 Selma or Patty, to Bart Simpson 61 Microbiologist spread some gossip?

64 Even up 65 On the lower side, in a heeling vessel 66 Twitterpated 67 Half of nine?

68 Insurance deals with it 69 Conical shelter 70 Web address component DOWN 1 Religious split 2 Not against entertaining 3 Cherry-topped treat 4 Former flier 5 Makes haste

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9/6/13

By Steve Blais

6 In the past, in the past 7 He sang between Melanie and Joan at Woodstock 8 Where to get a brew 9 Victim of Achilles 10 LaBeouf of “Transformers” films 11 Six, nine or twelve, for three 12 Cry for a matador 13 Wander 19 Greeting to an unexpected visitor 21 Saturn, for one 24 Mrs. Addams, to Gomez 27 Interpret, as X-rays 28 They may be classified 30 Final: Abbr.

31 Mystery writer Grafton 32 __-Croatian 33 Amigo 36 Nothing, in Nice 37 Knocks off 38 One might be bummed, briefly 39 Almost worthless amount

Want to place a classified ad?

Thursday’s Puzzle Solved

SUDOKU HARDEST

5 7 2 4 9 1 3 2 (c)2013 Tribune Content Agency, LLC

40 Put one over on 41 Fine things 42 Pepper or Snorkel: Abbr.

45 K thru 12 46 Make more changes to 47 Fang 48 Greek vowel 49 Much more than edged 50 Periodic weather disruption

9/6/13

51 Not fancy at all 56 Long migration, say 57 “Lost” setting 58 One bounce, on the diamond 59 Campbell of “Scream” 61 Birdie plus one 62 “Hostel” director Roth 63 Low grade

7

3 8

6 1 7

5 6 6 3 4 2 3 4

6 8

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YALE DAILY NEWS · FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

NATION

T

Dow Jones 14,937.48, +0.04%

S NASDAQ 3,658.79, +0.27% Oil $108.17, -0.18%

S S&P 500 1,655.08, +0.12% T

10-yr. Bond 2.98%, +0.08

T Euro $1.31, -0.03%

S

NSA cracked most online encryption tech

BY JACK GILLUM ASSOCIATED PRESS WAS H I NGTO N — T h e National Security Agency, working with the British government, has secretly been unraveling encryption technology that billions of Internet users rely upon to keep their electronic messages and confidential data safe from prying eyes, according to published reports Thursday based on internal U.S. government documents.

The NSA has bypassed or altogether cracked much of the digital encryption used by businesses and everyday Web users, according to reports in The New York Times, Britain’s Guardian newspaper and the nonprofit news website ProPublica. The reports describe how the NSA invested billions of dollars since 2000 to make nearly everyone’s secrets available for government

consumption.

In doing so, the NSA built powerful supercomputers to break encryption codes and partnered with unnamed technology companies to insert “back doors” into their software, the reports said. Such a practice would give the government access to users’ digital information before it was encrypted and sent over the Internet.

“For the past decade, NSA has led an aggressive, multipronged effort to break widely used Internet encryption technologies,” according to a 2010 briefing document about the NSA’s accomplishments meant for its UK counterpart, Government Communications Headquarters, or GCHQ. Security experts told the news organizations such a code-breaking practice would ultimately undermine Internet security and leave everyday Web

users vulnerable to hackers.

The revelations stem from documents leaked by former NSA contractor Edward Snowden, who sought asylum in Russia this summer. His leaks, first published by the Guardian, revealed a massive effort by the U.S. government to collect and analyze all sorts of digital data that Americans send at home and around the world.

Those revelations prompted a renewed debate in the United States about the proper balance between civil liberties and keeping the country safe from terrorists. President Barack Obama said he welcomed the debate and called it “healthy for our democracy” but meanwhile criticized the leaks; the Justice Department charged Snowden under the federal Espionage Act. Thursday’s reports described how some of the NSA’s “most intensive efforts” focused on

Secure Sockets Layer, a type of encryption widely used on the Web by online retailers and corporate networks to secure their Internet traffic. One document said GCHQ had been trying for years to exploit traffic from popular companies like Google, Yahoo, Microsoft and Facebook.

Unfortunately, endpoint security is so terrifically weak that NSA can frequently find ways around it.

EDWARD SNOWDEN Former contractor, NSA GCHQ, they said, developed “new access opportunities” into

Rise in low-cost insurance plans

Google’s computers by 2012 but said the newly released documents didn’t elaborate on how extensive the project was or what kind of data it could access.

Even though the latest document disclosures suggest the NSA is able to compromise many encryption programs, Snowden himself touted using encryption software when he first surfaced with his media revelations in June.

During a Web chat organized by the Guardian on June 17, Snowden told one questioner that “encryption works.”

Snowden said that “properly implemented strong crypto systems” were reliable, but he then alluded to the NSA’s capability to crack tough encryption systems. “Unfortunately, endpoint security is so terrifically weak that NSA can frequently find ways around it,” Snowden said.

It was unclear if Snowden

drew a distinction between everyday encryption used on the Internet — the kind described in Thursday’s reports — versus more-secure encryption algorithms used to store data on hard drives and often requires more processing power to break or decode. Snowden used an encrypted email account from a now-closed private email company, Lavabit, when he sent out invitations to a mid-July meeting at Moscow’s Sheremetyevo International Airport.

The operator of Lavabit LLC, Ladar Levison, suspended operations of the encrypted mail service in August, citing a pending “fight in the 4th (U.S.) Circuit Court of Appeals.” Levison did not explain the pressures that forced him to shut the firm down but added that “a favorable decision would allow me to resurrect Lavabit as an American company.”

Sentence points to change in heroin trafficking

BY MICHAEL TARM ASSOCIATED PRESS

ROGELIO V. SOLIS/ASSOCIATED PRESS

A recent study found that the sticker price of premiums will average $270 a month for 21-year-olds buying a mid-range policy.

BY RICARDO ALONSO-ZALDIVAR ASSOCIATED PRESS WASHINGTON — President Barack Obama’s health care law appears to mirror a trend in job-based insurance, where employees are being nudged into cost-saving plans that require them to pay a bigger share of their medical expenses.

Two independent studies out this week highlighted attractive prices for less-generous “bronze” plans that will offer low monthly premiums but require patients to pick up more of the cost if they get sick.

Consumers might avoid “rate shock” over premiums, but some could end up struggling with bigger bills for the care they receive.

The Obama plans will be available starting Oct. 1 for people who don’t have access to coverage on the job.

Studies by the nonpartisan Kaiser Family Foundation and Avalere Health provided the first look at rates filed by

insurers around the country, ahead of the Oct. 1 opening of new state insurance markets under the law.

Consumers will use the markets to find out whether they qualify for tax credits to help pay their premiums and to pick a private insurance plan from a range of coverage levels: bronze, silver, gold and platinum.

Come Jan. 1, virtually everyone in the United States will be required to have coverage, or face fines if they don’t. At the same time, insurance companies no longer can turn away people in poor health.

“What was really striking as we dug into the numbers is how inexpensive the bronze plans are,” said Larry Levitt, a Kaiser vice president.

Avalere, a private data analysis firm, found the average monthly premium for a bronze plan is $274, compared with $336 for the next level of coverage, a silver plan. The savings from going with bronze adds up to $744 annually, and that’s off the sticker

price, before federal tax credits that will reduce premiums for an estimated 4 out of 5 customers in the new markets.

It’s “likely to entice healthier enrollees to opt for a less generous benefit package,” said Caroline Pearson, a lead author of the study.

The law’s tax credits will make lowcost plans even more appealing. The tax credits work by limiting what you pay for premiums to a given percentage of your income.

By pairing their tax credit with a bronze policy, some younger consumers can bring their premiums down to the range of $100 to $140 a month, the Kaiser study found. Older people can drive their monthly cost even lower — well below $100, and zero in some cases — if they are willing to take a chance with higher deductibles and copays.

It’s a trade-off that some consumers unfamiliar with insurance might not fully grasp.

CHICAGO — A U.S. judge sentenced a longtime fugitive to nine years in prison Thursday for leading what was one of the world’s largest heroin networks, extending from suppliers in Thailand to distributors working out of a boutique in Chicago.

The sentencing of Musiliu Balogun highlights a seismic shift in how heroin gets to the U.S. In the 1990s, when Balogun was in his heyday as a drug trafficker, most of the heroin originated from Southeast Asia and got to the United States through couriers. Now, most of it is smuggled across the southern border by Mexican cartels.

The hub of the network Balogun oversaw was the Women’s Affair Boutique, a clothing store on Chicago’s North Side. Balogun lived in a $2,400 Bangkok apartment while other traffickers “worked for peanuts,” one suspect complained, according to court documents.

Standing in the Chicago court Thursday with his legs shackled, the 53-yearold Nigerian fumbled with a folder in his hands and repeatedly bowed to U.S. District Judge James Holderman during a brief statement.

“I sincerely apologize for all the pain I have caused,” the native Yoruba speaker said in a soft voice. Once nicknamed “the policeman” for the discipline he imposed on subordinate traffickers, Balogun added in court, “I’ve learned a lot and I’m a changed person now.”

In imposing sentence, Holderman said the harm caused by the trafficking drugs into the U.S. “has been momentous.”

Statistics suggest heroin use in the U.S. has soared. Numbers of people who said they used heroin in the past year rose by 66 percent from 2007 and 2011, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration reports.

While Balogun trafficked pricey Asian heroin injected with a needle, today’s Mexican- and Colombianmade heroin is more potent but cheaper

U.S. DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION

Musiliu Balogun, a reputed former leader of a heroin-trafficking network, was set to be sentenced Sept. 5, 2013. and easier to ingest in its powdery form, said Jack Riley, the Drug Enforcement Administration’s head in Chicago.

“What’s scary is we thought we had heroin licked. And look where we are now,” said Riley, who as a young agent in the mid-’90s worked on the investigation that eventually brought down Balogun’s network.

For at least some Mexican cartels, heroin trafficked to the U.S. is now their No. 1 money maker, Riley said. While the majority of heroin in the United States comes in via Mexico, Asian heroin and heroin from Afghanistan still makes up the bulk of supply to Europe, China and Russia, Riley said.

Balogun, of Ogun, Nigeria, initially faced a life sentence, but a plea deal in June following his extradition from Holland meant the maximum was just nine years. Defense lawyer Raymond Wigell said his client could be out of prison in as little as 2 1/2 years with time served in the Netherlands.

Asked outside court if a few years behind bars would be appropriate for someone who played so central a role in the massive network, Wigell said, “This ring has been dead for 15, 17 years. …

He’s out of that life.”

YALE DAILY NEWS · FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 9

WORLD

“Assassination has never changed the history of the world.”

BENJAMIN DISRAELI FORMER BRITISH PRIMER MINISTER

Egypt’s interior minister escapes assassination

BY SARAH EL DEEB ASSOCIATED PRESS CAIRO — Egypt’s interior minister narrowly escaped assassination Thursday when a car bomb tore through his convoy, wounding 22 people and leaving a major Cairo boulevard strewn with debris — the first such attack since the military ousted the country’s Islamist president.

The strike raised fears of a militant campaign of revenge for the coup and the likelihood of an even tougher hand by authorities against protesters demanding Mohammed Morsi’s return to office.

The interim president compared the attack to the insurgency waged by Islamic militants in the 1980s and 1990s against the rule of now-ousted autocrat Hosni Mubarak, when militants carried out numerous assassination attempts, killing the parliament speaker. Mubarak himself survived an assassination attempt in 1994, when militants attacked his convoy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

That insurgency provided Mubarak with a justification for a nationwide state of emergency, lifted only after he was driven from power by an uprising in 2011.

Since Morsi’s ouster in a July 3 coup, Egypt has been back under emergency law, and police have arrested nearly 2,000 members of his Muslim Brotherhood and other Islamist supporters.

In mid-August, authorities forcefully dispersed two proMorsi sit-in camps in Cairo after days of warnings, setting off violence that killed hundreds nationwide. The move led to retaliatory strikes on govern-

ment buildings, police stations and churches around the country.

Islamic hard-liners have since stepped up attacks on security forces in the Sinai Peninsula and in the south, and have increasingly brought attacks to the capital.

Still, Thursday’s bombing against Mohammed Ibrahim, who heads the police force waging the crackdown, was a substantial escalation. There was no immediate claim of responsibility.

When lives of innocents are targeted, those who support that or justify it will not be accepted among us.

AMR MOUSSA Liberal politician, Egypt Interim President Adly Mansour’s office vowed it would “not allow the terrorism the Egyptian people crushed in the 1980s and 90s to raise its ugly head again.”

Military leader Abdel-Fattah elSissi, the man who ousted Morsi, pledged to continue the fight against terrorism.

Egyptian media have for weeks vilified the protesters, blaming the violence on Morsi’s supporters and a terrorism campaign. After Thursday’s attack, state media urged citizens to exercise caution, report suspicious activities or individuals, and called on authorities to widen their crackdown on suspected terrorists.

The attack is likely to further isolate the Islamists. Liberal politician Amr Moussa called on the ousted president’s backers to take a clear position against the bombing.

“When lives of innocents are targeted, those who support that or justify it will not be accepted among us,” said Moussa, who sits on a newly appointed constitutional panel.

Morsi’s supporters sought to distance themselves from the attack.

The Anti-Coup Coalition, a group of Islamist factions that has spearheaded protests since Morsi’s ouster, predicted it would be used as a pretext for widening the crackdown on its opponents.

“The coalition is against any violent act, even if it is against those who committed crimes against the people,” the group said. “It expects that such incidents will be used to extend the state of emergency and to increase the use of oppression, repression and detention which have been used by the coup authority.”

The group vowed to keep up the protests demanding Morsi’s reinstatement and called on supporters to prepare for rallies on Friday.

The bomb was detonated in the late morning as Ibrahim’s convoy passed through Nasr City, an eastern district of Cairo where Morsi’s supporters have held near daily protests.

Security officials said initial investigations showed the blast came from a parked car with about 90 pounds (40 kilograms) of explosives packed in its trunk.

They spoke on condition of anonymity because the probe was still underway.

AHMED SOLIMAN/ASSOCIATED PRESS

A Thursday bomb attack in Nasr City targeted the convoy of Egypt’s Interior Minister Mohammed Ibrahim.

Pope warns of military action in Syria

BY NICOLE WINFIELD ASSOCIATED PRESS

RICCARDO DE LUCA/ASSOCIATED PRESS

Pope Francis waves to faithful after reciting the Angelus prayer from his studio window at the Vatican on Sunday.

VATICAN CITY — Pope Francis urged the Group of 20 leaders on Thursday to abandon the “futile pursuit” of a military solution in Syria as the Vatican laid out its case for a negotiated settlement that guarantees rights for all Syrians, including minority Christians.

In a letter to the G-20 host, Russian President Vladimir Putin, Francis lamented that “one-sided interests” had prevailed in Syria, preventing a diplomatic end to the conflict and allowing the continued “senseless massacre” of innocents.

“To the leaders present, to each and every one, I make a heartfelt appeal for them to help find ways to overcome the conflicting positions and to lay aside the futile pursuit of a military solution,” Francis wrote as the G-20 meeting got under way in St. Petersburg.

Francis has ratcheted up his call for peace in Syria amid threatened U.S.led military strikes following an Aug. 21 chemical weapons attack near Damascus. But he has also been careful not to lay blame on any one side, exhorting world leaders instead to focus on the plight of Syrian civilians and the need to end the violence.

Francis will host a peace vigil in St. Peter’s Square on Saturday, a test of whether his immense popular appeal will translate into popular support for his peace message. It’s the first time any such peace rally has been held at the Vatican, though Holy See officials have stressed it’s a religious event, not a political protest.

On Thursday, the Vatican summoned ambassadors accredited to the Holy See to outline its vposition on Syria, with Foreign Minister Archbishop Dominique Mamberti noting that the Aug. 21 attack had generated “horror and concern” around the world.

“Confronted with similar acts one cannot remain silent, and the Holy See hopes that the competent institutions make clear what happened and that those responsible face justice,” Mamberti told the 71 ambassadors gathered.

He didn’t refer explicitly to the threat of military strikes to punish the Syrian regime for the attack. But he said the main priority must be to stop the violence which he said risked involving other countries and creating “unforeseeable consequences in various parts of the world.”

The Vatican, he said, wants a return to dialogue and for the country to not be split up along ethnic or religious lines.

Kenya moves to leave ICC

BY JASON STRAZIUSO AND TOM ODULA ASSOCIATED PRESS NAIROBI, Kenya — Kenya’s parliament on Thursday passed a motion to withdraw from the International Criminal Court just before the country’s president and deputy president face trial at The Hague for allegedly orchestrating postelection violence more than five years ago.

Citing the fact that the United States and other world powers are not members, the majority leader of Kenya’s parliament on Thursday argued that Kenya should withdraw from the statute that created the ICC. Adan Duale told a special session of Kenya’s parliament that U.S. Presidents Bill Clinton and George W. Bush both argued against the United States becoming a party to the Rome Statute, which regulates prosecutions for war crimes and crimes against humanity at the International Criminal Court.

A voice vote on the motion

easily passed after members of the opposition party walked out, but Kenya can only withdraw from the ICC by formal notification to the United Nations Secretary-General by the government, not parliament.

Clinton and Bush, Duale said, refused to join the ICC in order to protect U.S. citizens and soldiers from potential politicallymotivated prosecutions.

“Let us protect our citizens.

Let us defend the sovereignty of the nation of Kenya,” Duale said.

The Kenyan debate is a reaction to the start next week of the trial at The Hague of Deputy President William Ruto. Ruto and President Uhuru Kenyatta face charges of crimes against humanity for allegedly helping to orchestrate postelection violence in 2007–08 in which more than 1,000 people were killed.

Kenyatta, who was elected president earlier this year, faces trial in November. Both leaders have said they will cooperate with the court.

PAGE 10

YALE DAILY NEWS · FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

AROUND THE IVIES

“I travel not to go anywhere, but to go. I travel for travel’s sake. The great affair is to move.” ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON SCOTTISH NOVELIST

THE DARTMOUTH

Programs added despite study abroad decline

BY HEATHER SZILAGYI STAFF WRITER Dartmouth has historically boasted high percentages of students studying abroad, but recent data indicates those numbers may be slipping, which some attribute to concerns about cost, program flexibility and lack of diverse offerings. While 54 percent of the Class of 2009 embarked on a College off-campus program, only 43 percent of their peers in the Class of 2013 did the same, according to the Dartmouth Fact Book.

This decline in participation coincides with an increase in enrollment on transfer terms and non-Dartmouth exchange programs, off-campus program director John Tansey said.

The number of students earning credits on study abroad programs unaffiliated with the College increased to 10 percent for the Class of 2013 from five percent for the Class of 2009.

At the same time, fewer students participate in language study abroad programs, and the overall number of programs offered has decreased slightly. While the College offered 17 LSA programs in 2008-2009, this dropped to a low of 15 in 2011-2012 and rebounded to 16 for the 2012-2013 academic year. The number of students enrolled decreased from 232 students to 177 students between 2008-2009 and 2012-2013.

Tansey said the trend coincides with a growth in language-based foreign study programs allowing students to practice advanced language skills, such as those in the Spanish and Chinese departments.

Some of these new programs include the joint trip through the women’s and gender studies program and the Asian and Middle Eastern Studies program to

Hyderabad, India and the film studies program in Los Angeles, set to launch this winter.

L y n n DARTMOUTH Higgins, associate dean of the faculty for international and interdisciplinary studies, said changing the program format could make Dartmouth’s offerings more attractive.

“Sometimes students don’t want to do precisely the curriculum that’s in a program or might want to have some choices or have some flexibility within the format of a program, and some of our programs offer that,” she said.

Higgins said the College should question how much of a Dartmouth degree can be fulfilled through another institution.

“Several faculty committees have been talking about getting more clarity and rigor into the way we evaluate what experiences we give transfer credit for,” she said.

The College recently limited the number of students capable of participating on a particular transfer term to an average of five in the interest of ensuring academic rigor.

While acknowledging a drop in College-sponsored program participation in recent years, Higgins said she is currently focused on offering quality programs that interest students.

“I wouldn’t say that is necessarily a downward trend over a long term,” she said. “It’s a piece of the cycle.”

Shelley Wenzel ’14 said that after not receiving a spot on the environmental studies FSP to South Africa, she decided to take a transfer term to Australia during the winter.

Enrolling in a transfer term

SAMANTHA WEBSTER/THE DARTMOUTH

Student participation in Dartmouth foreign study programs has declined due to financial concerns, among other issues. with approximately 30 to 40 other Dartmouth students also allowed Wenzel to study abroad in a way that worked with her schedule, she said.

While financial aid applies to FSPs and LSAs, students frequently report finances as reasons to avoid Dartmouth abroad programs, Tansey said. A slowing economy, the declining value of the dollar and increasing costs of living have made some formerly cheap abroad programs more

T H E B R O W N D A I LY H E R A L D

Chafee will not seek re-election

BY SONA MKRTTCHIAN AND ADAM TOOBIN STAFF WRITERS Gov. Lincoln Chafee will not seek re-election next year, he announced Wednesday.

“After talking to my family over the course of the summer, I thought the time was good now to tell Rhode Islanders, ‘You’re going to see Linc Chafee devoting all his time and energy to

the issues yo u c a re a b o u t ,’ ” Chafee said at a press conference in front of the CransBROWN ton Department of Motor Vehicles. “You know what it takes to run for office. It’s hugely time consuming.”

BROWN DAILY HERALD

Though he began his term as an independent, Gov. Lincoln Chafee announced in May that he would be joining the Democratic Party.

Chafee announced in May that he was registering with the Democratic Party, which led many to speculate that he would enter a tough three-way primary for the governor’s race, facing Providence Mayor Angel Taveras and General Treasurer Gina Raimondo.

He did not rule out a future political contest or indicate any plans for after his current term ends in 2015.

Political analysts posited that Chafee switched to the Democratic Party because he believed it would give him a better chance at winning re-election, as long as he beat out the other Democratic candidates in the primary. As an Independent, Chafee would have faced a general election against a Democrat, a Republican and a Moderate party candidate.

But Chafee said his decisions to become a Democrat and not to run for re-election were separate. He added, “Some might argue it’s harder going into a Dem primary … so if it was political I would’ve stayed Independent and been there in the November election.” In switching, he said, he “wanted to find a political home.”

expensive than a normal Dartmouth term, he added.

In a “stressed economy,” students tend to focus on practical decisions, like career success, over college experiences, such as abroad programs, Higgins said.

Program offerings change between years depending on student interest, and departments may eliminate a program with a long-term trend of low enrollment.

Shifting student interest may

also cause a department to expand offerings. The Chinese department recently added an additional foreign study program in Beijing for the 2012-2013 academic year due to high on-campus enrollment and increasing participation in its off-campus summer program, Tansey said.

The physics and astronomy department is proposing a program in South Africa that would utilize a telescope, of which Dartmouth owns a 10 percent share.

“That seems like kind of a nobrainer,” Higgins said. “It makes sense for us to make use of something that we have an investment in and have students have the opportunity to use that.”

The upcoming film FSP will capitalize on the film industry in Los Angeles, allowing students to study the material in new ways, engage with field experts and potentially secure internships, film and media studies professor and FSP director Mark Williams said.

YALE DAILY NEWS · FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 11

SPORTS

“I hit a ball for a living, but I have that passion to keep learning.”

MARIA SHARAPOVA RUSSIAN PROFESSIONAL TENNIS PLAYER

Veteran Elis open season

McSweeney to lead Bulldogs

GRAHAM HARBOE/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Captain Shannon McSweeney ’14 suffered a torn meniscus as a freshman.

WOMEN’S SOCCER FROM PAGE 12 GRAHAM HARBOE/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Kevin Michalak ’15, left, was one of a crew of five midfielders who scored goals in the 2012 season.

MEN’S SOCCER FROM PAGE 12 Defensively, the main story is the loss of star goalkeeper Bobby Thalman ’13, who anchored the team’s defense as a starter for three years with 13 total shutouts and was named to the All-Ivy second team in his junior and senior seasons.

Slated to fill Thalman’s place is Blake Brown ’15, who has played in three games at Yale and is yet to allow a goal.

“Blake Brown is an excellent goalkeeper who has learned well from his time as the understudy to Bobby,” Tompkins said. “It is his time now and I think he will respond well.”

In front of Brown, Alers will lead the team’s back line as a veteran starting center back. Alers has earned All-Ivy honors in each of his three seasons and was named to the first team as a sophomore.

“Nick Alers is the best defender in the Ivy League,” McKiernan said. “That’s my opinion, but I think a lot of people would agree with me.”

Phil Piper ’16 and Tyler Detorie ’16 are

also returning on defense, and newcomer Henry Albrecht ’17 from Germany is likely to start at left back.

Alers said that in comparison to recent years, the Bulldogs’ defense will feature less physicality but more quickness and soccer intelligence.

“We want our defenders to participate more in the attack and help out the other members of our team in improving our distribution, not just worrying about defending but also helping our team keep the ball in dangerous situations,” he said.

Linking up between the attackers and defenders will be an experienced midfield crew. Fox, Armbrust, Connor Lachenbruch ’15 and Kevin Michalak ’15 all scored goals in the 2012 season, while McKiernan tallied an assist against Penn.

“Max McKiernan is the heartbeat of our team; he is competitive, driven and intensely focused. He is the embodiment of leading by example,” Tompkins said.

After facing off against Fordham, who beat Virginia Tech 2–1 last weekend, the Bulldogs will continue on with their tough

2012 champ Murray loses US Open QF

BY HOWARD FENDRICH ASSOCIATED PRESS NEW YORK — The earliest real signs of trouble for Andy Murray came in the 10th game of his U.S. Open quarterfinal.

For 22 points stretched over 15 excruciating minutes Thursday, Murray’s body language was as poor as his play.

When the 2012 champion pushed a simple forehand into the net, he smacked his palm against his forehead, once, twice, three times. When he left a similarly routine forehand too low, he mocked his footwork by pressing one shoe atop the other. When he sailed a later forehand long, he rolled his eyes and muttered. When he delivered his second double-fault, he swiped the ground with his racket.

And when he rushed yet another forehand on break point No. 6 of that key game — the ball drifting long to cede a set to his far-less-accomplished opponent, ninth-seeded Stanislas Wawrinka — Murray cracked his racket on the court. Not satisfied, he trudged to his changeover chair and whacked the racket again, mangling the frame.

Trying to defend a Grand Slam title for the first time, and not quite two months removed from his historic Wimbledon championship, Murray bowed out quickly, if not quietly, at Flushing Meadows, losing 6–4, 6–3, 6–2 to Wawrinka in a result that was surprising both because of who won and by how much.

“I have had a good run the last couple of years,” said the thirdseeded Murray, who shook his hands in front of his face and screamed after dropping the second set. “It’s a shame I had to play a bad match today.”

The first Grand Slam semi-

17-game schedule, including four Ivy League home games. In two weeks, the team will travel to California for the first time to play UC Santa Barbara and Cal Poly, two top-25 caliber teams.

Yale’s home Ivy opener will be against rival Harvard on Oct. 5.

Players said the team’s goal is always to win an Ivy League title, and that with so much experience on offense and defense, that goal seems within reach.

“As a whole, our team definitely has the potential to have a good year,” Alers said. “But that’s what it is right now, just potential. Since I’ve been here we’ve always had a lot of potential, and we haven’t really realized it. We’ve been as talented as any of the other teams in the Ivy League but we just haven’t been getting the results.”

The Elis kick off their season today at 5 p.m. at Fordham’s Jack Coffey Field.

Contact GREG CAMERON at greg.cameron@yale.edu .

more scoring chances.”

Goaltending will be an interesting storyline to follow as head coach Rudy Meredith returns two experienced keepers, Rachel Ames ’16 and Elise Wilcox ’15. Last season, the two split time in net for much of the season, with Ames starting nine games and Wilcox starting five. Ames finished third in the Ivy League in save percentage, with a .814 average.

If the Elis wants to bring the Ivy League crown back to New Haven, they must substantially improve their performance against conference foes. Last year’s 8–7–2 record ensured the 10th winning season over the past 11 years, but a lackluster 1–4–2 Ivy League record left them in sixth place in the Ancient Eight.

The conference schedule started off in heartbreaking fashion last year after two double-overtime losses put the Bulldogs in an early hole. This year, players said the emphasis will be on starting the season with energy and intensity and maintaining both throughout the campaign.

The team’s Ivy League schedule gets under way on Sept. 28 at Princeton, with Harvard soon to follow.

“Winning the first few games sets you up for the rest of the season,” Gavin said. “Princeton, Harvard … winning those would be huge, standing-wise and moralewise.”

It will require a complete team effort to knock off defending champion Princeton, as well as pre-season contender Dartmouth.

Despite these obstacles, the Bulldogs have high hopes and expectations for the season. McSweeney and Gavin said the goal this season was simple: win an Ivy League championship and go to the NCAA tournament.

McSweeney said the team saw how positively the school responded to the men’s lacrosse and men’s ice hockey teams last year during their postseason runs.

“We want to be talked about in that same way,” McSweeney said.

“We need to get results.”

The Bulldogs begin their season today at Reese Stadium at 7 p.m.

Contact JAMES BADAS at james.badas@yale.edu .

High expectations for volleyball

final of Wawrinka’s career, in his 35th appearance, will come Saturday against No. 1 Novak Djokovic, the 2011 U.S. Open champion. Djokovic overcame a third-set lull and beat 21st-seeded Mikhail Youzhny of Russia 6–3, 6–2, 3–6, 6–0 on Thursday night to reach the semifinals in New York for the seventh year in a row.

It’s also the 14th consecutive Grand Slam tournament where Djokovic is in the semifinals, a three-and-a-half-year streak.

The other semifinal is No. 2 Rafael Nadal against No. 8 Richard Gasquet.

I have had a good run the last couple of years. It’s a shame I had to play a bad match today.

ANDY MURRAY Scottish professional tennis player Murray’s rough afternoon included only 15 winners, 30 fewer than Wawrinka. Murray tapped in second serves as slow as 75 mph, allowing Wawrinka to hit four return winners and easily take control of countless other points. Murray, one of the sport’s top returners, never earned a single break point during any of Wawrinka’s 14 service games.

“I didn’t get into enough return games, which is disappointing for me,” said Murray, who had won 30 of his preceding 32 Grand Slam matches.

“That’s normally something I do pretty well. I always give myself opportunities to break serve, and I didn’t today.”

Give Wawrinka credit — something Murray made sure to do.

PHILIPP ARNDT/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

In search of their fourth straight Ivy title, the Bulldogs will begin their season by hosting Missouri at 7 p.m. tonight.

VOLLEYBALL FROM PAGE 12 Rogers was first team All-Ivy in 2012 and Maddie Rudnick ’15 was second team AllIvy. Though the Elis have a deep talent pool from which to draw, they do not rely on talent alone to help them reach their goals for the season.

“My goal as a coach is to get better every day, both in practice and in matches,” Appleman said. “Every time we’re together we want to get better and improve. I want to be the most improved Ivy team of the year.”

Polan and Appleman said cohesiveness was key to the teams’ success last season and is a top priority for the Bulldogs in 2013.

“Last year, we were very cohesive as a unit and a big goal this season is having that same cohesive feeling,” BirdVogel said. “It makes a world of difference.

Working hard and competing with these

girls every day is what will get us to the next level.”

My goal as a coach is to get better every day. … I want to be the most improved Ivy team of the year.

ERIN APPLEMAN Head coach, women’s volleyball According to Polan, competition is essential to improve individually and as a team, but when the team is filled with driven, competitive and talented athletes, it is also important to strike a balance. She also said it is essential not to let the distant goals of the team, such as another Ivy League title, affect immediate performance.

“My goal as captain is to keep a calm

atmosphere and not let teammates get too competitive with each other and to keep people enjoying volleyball,“ Polan said.

“I think to win an Ivy League championship is always a goal. I also think it’s really important to win one game at a time and not look to far ahead. Every game is as important as the next.”

After two weeks of practice, both the athletes and the coaches are ready for their first test of the season and the tone it will set for the rest of the year.

“I’m excited for this opening weekend here. I hope we can look at a couple of different lineups and I hope we have some players that emerge as starters,” Appleman said. “I look forward to developing what Yale volleyball 2013 will be this year.”

The 2013 volleyball season begins at 7 p.m. tonight in Payne Whitney Gym. Contact ASHTON WACKYM at ashton.wackym@yale.edu .

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SPORTS PRINCETON AD STEPS DOWN MEMBER OF FINAL FOUR TEAM On Wednesday, Princeton athletic director Gary Walters announced he would step down from the position at the end of the 2013-’14 academic year after a 20-year tenure. Walters was the starting point guard on Princeton’s 1965 NCAA Final Four team as an undergrad.

ANDREW MILLER ’13 REPORTS FOR OILERS ROOKIE CAMP The 2013 Frozen Four MVP is one of 27 entry-level NHL skaters at the camp in Edmonton. Asked in an interview if “keeping up your marks at Yale” or taking the camp fitness test was more difficult, Miller replied, “Yale’s not the easiest place in the world.”

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“My goal as a coach is to get better every day, both in practice and in matches.”

ERIN APPLEMAN HEAD COACH, VOLLEYBALL

YALE DAILY NEWS · FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 2013 · yaledailynews.com

Yale hopes to bounce back in ’13 MEN’S SOCCER

Experienced Eli squad returns

BY ASHTON WACKYM STAFF REPORTER After three straight Ivy titles and two straight NCAA tournament appearances, the women’s volleyball team is back on campus with two weeks of practice under its belt and a challenging preseason beginning this weekend.

VOLLEYBALL

With seven seniors on its roster, Yale will be able to rely on its experience throughout the season. Four of the seniors played in at least 16 of the team’s 17 games last season, with Wilkins, Nick Alers ’14 and Tucker Kocher ’14 missing games due to injury.

Seven of the team’s nine goals were scored by the class of 2014, and Fox led the team with three assists last season.

“I have a really strong supporting cast,” McKiernan said. “The seniors have all started a lot of games and have been important players in our four years.”

The Bulldogs will host Missouri tonight at 7 p.m. and take on Colgate and Seton Hall at home this weekend. Finishing the season undefeated in the Ivies is a difficult feat to replicate, but the Elis hope that a difficult preseason will start them down the path to success.

“It will be a really challenging preseason,” outside hitter Gaby Bird-Vogel ’15 said, “but it will prepare us well for Ivies.”

The Elis will also face Stanford, ranked No. 3 in the preseason polls, and Penn State, ranked No. 2 in preseason polls, before they begin Ivy competition on Sep.28.

Yale’s strong roster may also help drive Yale to success this season.

While only one senior left the Yale roster at the conclusion of last season — Haley Wessels ’13 — four new freshmen have joined the Bulldog volleyball squad. Middle blocker Claire Feeley ’17, libero Tori Shepherd ’17, outside hitter Brittani Steinberg ’17 and middle blocker Lucy Tashman ’17, representing the states of California, Hawaii and Illinois, will all put on the blue and white for the first time tonight.

“They are a very talented group and have a lot of depth in a lot of different positions,” head coach Erin Appleman said.

Yale’s talented freshman class, ranked at www.prepvolleyball.com as one of the best incoming classes of volleyball players, will join an outstanding returning core. The past three Ivy-League rookie-of-the-year honors have been given to current Bulldogs team captain Kendall Polan ’14, Mollie Rogers ’15 and Kelly Johnson ’16. Polan is the two-time defending conference player of the year,

SEE MEN’S SOCCER PAGE 11

SEE VOLLEYBALL PAGE 11

ANNELISA LEINBACH/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

The men’s soccer team will begin its season against Fordham in the Bronx today. They tied Fordham 0-0 in double overtime last year.

BY GREG CAMERON CONTRIBUTING REPORTER After scoring just nine goals in 17 games in 2012, the men’s soccer team will look for more offensive firepower this year as it seeks its first Ivy League title since 2005.

The team managed a 4–8–5 record last season and struggled to a 1–3–3 conference record and a sixth place league finish. “[Last season was] pretty underwhelming. I don’t think anyone in our circle would argue with that,” captain Max McKiernan ’14 said.

“We underperformed based on the talent we had, especially considering the fact that we had returned most

of our starters from a team that was one game out of winning the league the previous year. To finish sixth was disappointing.”

To kick off the season, the Bulldogs head to Fordham (1–1–0) in the Bronx today to test themselves against a team they tied 0–0 in double overtime last year.

All five goal scorers from 2012 will be returning this year, including forwards Scott Armbrust ’14 and Peter Jacobson ’14, who scored a teamhigh three goals apiece last season.

Midfielder Jenner Fox ’14 will also bring experience to the offensive line, and forward Cody Wilkins ’14 is returning after being injured last year. Newcomer Cameron Kirdzik

’17 “could also turn some heads with his speed and power,” head coach Brian Tompkins said in a message to the News.

Tompkins added that in addition to several injuries on the offensive lines, the main issue last year was a lack of scoring opportunities.

The 2012 Bulldogs were seventh in the Ivy League with just 10.41 shots per game and last in the league with 0.53 goals per game. Cornell, the Ivy League champion, had 16.53 shots and 2.29 goals per game.

“We have been focusing our attention on using our speed and mobility to strike more quickly and create danger for our opponents,” Tompkins said.

Bulldogs’ title hunt begins against Stony Brook

BY JAMES BADAS CONTRIBUTING REPORTER The stars seem to be aligning for the Yale women’s soccer team as it seeks its third Ivy League title and first since 2005.

WOMEN’S SOCCER Tonight, the Bulldogs open their title quest on home turf at Reese Stadium as they seek revenge for a 2–1 loss last year against Stony Brook (3–0–1). The Seawolves enter the matchup with plenty of momentum, having won their past three games.

After two injury-riddled seasons, captain Shannon McSweeney ’14 hopes to return to the field fully healthy and ready to lead the Bulldogs to the top of the Ivy League table. As a sophomore, McSweeney suffered a torn meniscus and missed the entire season, and last year she was forced out of six games due to a cyst that eventually required surgery. Though for most replicating freshman year is not a sought-after goal, that would be a major achievement for McSweeney.

“When I look back at freshman season, it was so much fun because I was out there every single game,” the senior defender said. “It changes your year so much. I want to repeat that. I want my

senior year to be out there every game, contending — that’s my dream.”

If one thing is certain for this year’s Yale team, it is that they are battletested. Seven of their 17 contests last year went to overtime, with a remarkable four of those requiring two overtime periods.

McSweeney acknowledged that “soccer is a huge mental battle,” but that last season has only made the team stronger.

“We’ve been training for this season,” she said.

While McSweeney will command the defensive side of the pitch, the offensive load will likely fall on the feet of junior tandem Melissa Gavin ’15 and Muriel Battaglia ’15. They will be expected to fill the gap left by Kristen Forster ’13, who led the Bulldogs with seven goals last season.

Both Gavin and Battaglia scored three goals last year, the most among the returning crop of players, while five other returners found the net last season.

Gavin said she understands the greater expectations she will face this year.

“I feel pressure to step up. We’re playing with one less forward up top than we were last year so there is definitely more pressure for the forwards to capitalize on SEE WOMEN’S SOCCER PAGE 11

GRAHAM HARBOE/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Captain Shannon McSweeney ’14, No. 22, hopes to return to the field fully healthy after two injury-riddled seasons.

STAT OF THE DAY 72.8

AVERAGE SCORE FOR SAM BERNSTEIN ’14 DURING THE 2012-’13 MEN’S GOLF SEASON. The average was the third lowest in the Ivy League and earned the newly minted captain the Ivy League Player of the Year award.