Today's Paper

NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT · THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 2015 · VOL. CXXXVII, NO. 92 · yaledailynews.com

INSIDE THE NEWS MORNING EVENING

SNOWY CLOUDY

21 0

CROSS CAMPUS The children are our future.

A recent piece by Business Insider went through the trouble of ranking the nation’s boarding high schools — which collectively represent themselves as the minor leagues for the Ivy League — by intelligence. Taking the top spot was St. Albans in Washington, D.C. Andover and Exeter still landed in the top 10, but we’re not sure if that’s good enough for them.

GOING GLOBAL FES AND SOM TEAM UP

NOT IN OUR STATE

VISUAL LITERACY

Senator Blumenthal slams Texas for stalling immigration reform.

YCBA PROGRAM TEACHES WRITING THROUGH ARTS.

PAGE 5 UNIVERSITY

PAGE 3 CITY

PAGE 7 CULTURE

$233.8 million

Closing loopholes in corporation and hospital taxes

BY ERICA PANDEY STAFF REPORTER

$557.6 million

$229.8 million

get, which includes approximately $900 million in revenue increases and is designed to close the billiondollar budget deficits projected for each of the next two years. As part of the budget, Malloy has also announced an ambitious three-

As Board of Alders President Jorge Perez bids farewell to his 28-year career in city government, New Haven will look to a twoterm alder to lead the board.

While Gov. Dannel Malloy announced last Friday that he had selected Perez as the new state banking commissioner, Perez said he will not leave his presidential post for at least two months. Ward 23 Alder Tyisha Walker — the board’s current president pro tempore who represents the West River— is in line to replace Perez after he makes the transition to Hartford later this spring.

Walker will serve as the board’s president until the next election cycle in November 2015.

At Tuesday’s meeting, the alders included an agenda item to formally congratulate Perez and thank him for his service as alder of the Hill neighborhood. Perez’s colleagues, including current and former alders, said his experience and guidance will be missed in city government.

“You can’t replace that kind of leadership,” former West Rock Alder Darnell Goldson said. “No one on the board comes close.

You just can’t do it.”

The Board of Alders has not seen a change in leadership since 2012, when Perez was elected as President after a six-year hiatus.

Perez, who served as president from 2000 to 2005 and then again from 2012 until now,

SEE MALLOY PAGE 4

SEE PEREZ PAGE 4

Grand total revenue changes

Extensions and modifications to current taxes

*including $70.1 million subtracted due to tax cuts

$139.5 million

Federal revenue Medicaid

Fund transfers

$7.9 million

Other revenue measures, including changes to alcohol sale laws

$15.3 million

Full circle. And now, to bring

Business Insider and Wall Street together, the publication posted a list of “The 25 people you should avoid on Wall Street” yesterday. Naming “the guys who mime golf swings in the office” and “the serial connector on LinkedIn,” the article called out most directly “the guy who still talks about his college athletic career,” namely former hockey captain Keith McCullough ’99.

Perez leaves void in BoA leadership

GRAPH STATE BUDGET

$1.4 million

Fees

BY NOAH DAPONTE SMITH AND MICHELLE LIU STAFF REPORTERS After three months of spending cuts, Gov. Dannel Malloy announced a comprehensive plan Wednesday to balance the state’s budget.

Since he was re-elected to his second term in November, Mal-

loy has aggressively cut spending in most government agencies and announced a hiring freeze for all but critical positions in order to close a budget shortfall of over $100 million.

In his presentation to lawmakers in Hartford yesterday, Malloy presented a $40 billion two-year bud-

Sitting down with baseball captain David Toups ’15.

PAGE 12 SPORTS

Malloy unveils two-year, $40bn budget

Stepping stones everywhere.

Meanwhile, the Ivy League represents itself as the minor leagues for Wall Street. For proof, look no further than today’s Yale Undergraduate Diversified Investments Morgan Stanley event, featuring Senior Managing Director Ray Spitzley SOM ’85.

Apparently it’s not too late to sweet-talk yourself into a job.

HOME RUN

Fight! Some Ivy Leaguers

end up doing things besides finance, however, like politics.

But likely 2016 GOP candidate Scott Walker doesn’t seem to care too much for his opponents, having called out fellow presidential hopeful Hillary Clinton LAW ’73 for not being a “fighter … just an Ivy Leaguer.” Walker also shared similar sentiments about Howard Dean ’71, so let’s see if he can walk the walk.

The other PDA. Donna Dubinsky ’77, Yale Corporation fellow and former Palm, Inc. CEO (remember when Palm Pilots were a thing?), is the guest of honor at today’s Morse Master’s Tea. The tech pioneer will be discussing how to shape both your own future and that of the University.

A pricey $5. Yesterday, New Haven Police Department spokesman David Hartman reported a strange episode of Elm City mischief in which one man suffered minor injuries after being stabbed by another over a $5 debt from a game of pool they were playing.

The munchies mystery.

A story in Wednesday’s Washington Post health section detailed a Yale study that explored the biology behind the “inexplicable urge to eat that has led generations of marijuana users to consume untold numbers of nachos, Twinkies”… and Wenzels.

THIS DAY IN YALE HISTORY

1964 Yale College faculty vote to discontinue required attendance immediately before and after vacation periods, increasing student autonomy.

Follow along for the News’ latest.

@yaledailynews

ONLINE y MORE goydn.com/xcampus

YNHH penalized for hospital infection rates

BY AMAKA UCHEGBU STAFF REPORTER With one of the highest rates of avoidable hospital-acquired conditions in the country, YaleNew Haven Hospital will be penalized by the federal government for the first time in its history. But physicians at Yale and the hospital are questioning the

metric used to determine which hospitals to penalize.

Ranking in the top quartile for rates of hospital-acquired conditions — medical issues that arise during a patient’s stay at a hospital — across the United States, YNHH is one of 14 hospitals in Connecticut that will be penalized between October 2014 and September 2015 by

the federal government. Medicare payments, which make up roughly a third of the hospital’s income, will be reduced by one percent at YNHH and 720 other hospitals across the country, costing them $373 million in total.

While the metric used to assess which hospitals to penalize was not developed at Yale,

Study to lawyers who want to be judges: Be conservative

BY PHOEBE KIMMELMAN STAFF REPORTER A new study on judges’ and lawyers’ political preferences may hold important implications for law students who want to sit on the bench.

Lawyers are typically more liberal than the population at large, while judges are typically more conservative than other lawyers, according to the study, authored by Harvard Kennedy School professor Maya Sen and Stanford professor Adam Bonica and released last month. The study, which examined data on almost 400,000 lawyers and judges in the United States, further found that higher courts are more conservative and politicized. This discrepancy, Sen and Bonica found, exists because Republicans “strategically prioritize higher courts” when it comes to judicial appointments.

Sen told the News that this politicization of the bench is significant for current law students with judicial aspirations.

“If you want to be a judge, going to a top-ranked law school and signaling that you are conservative is a good way to go,” she said. “There are fewer conservatives at these law schools, and so it would make you an attractive can-

didate.”

Sen added that the study found that among law school graduates, there is a positive correlation between being conservative and becoming a judge.

However, the definition of conservative varies widely among law schools. The study claims that students at elite law schools, such as Yale Law School, are more liberal, with UC-Berkeley Law producing the most left-leaning lawyers in the nation. Meanwhile, judges coming out of these law schools are simply more right-leaning than those who tend to become lawyers.

Bonica said that although the study does not provide a data set that shows future judges are more conservative than future lawyers while they are still in law school, as the study focused on one year of data, prior research in the field strongly suggests that this is also the case.

“Generally from what we know about political preferences, they are pretty well formed by the time someone is out of their undergraduate institution, especially if they go on to be politically active,” Bonica said.

But Ben Picozzi LAW ’16 said it is difficult to assess whether prospecSEE JUDGES PAGE 4

the YNHH Center for Outcomes Research & Evaluation, led by Harlan Krumholz ’80, has recently been asked to refine it.

In an attempt to curb avoidable adverse events in acute care hospitals, the Affordable Care Act, passed in 2010, includes strategies to improve inpatient care. To determine the rate of a hospital HACs, Medicare

assesses three types of unanticipated events: blood infections caused by catheters, catheter-associated urinary tract infections and “serious complications,” which are caused by eight types of injuries, including blood clots, bed sores and falls. “[Tracking HACs] is a blunt SEE HOSPITAL PAGE 6

Grad students posit safety concerns

BY FINNEGAN SCHICK STAFF REPORTER Several leaders of the Graduate School Assembly voiced their concerns regarding student safety to the Yale Police Department, the New Haven Police Department and Yale Transportation at a security meeting Wednesday afternoon.

During the discussion, GSA members complained of overcrowded shuttles, poorly-lit sidewalks and inconsistent police patrolling in neighborhoods occupied by graduate students. While a relocation of security resources away from Yale’s central campus is unlikely to happen, graduate students felt that the some parts of the city — specifically the East Rock and Mansfield Street communities — are poorly policed.

“I just think that there’s been more focus on the undergraduate population,” GSA Chair Joori Park GRD ’17 said. “Its not intentional. It’s just the University culture.”

To address this concern, GSA Transit and Security Committee Chair Ankit Difsa GRD ’16 suggested expanding Yale’s blue-light phone system to the East Rock and Wooster Square neighborhoods, where many students live, and increasing police

patrols of off-campus areas during the night. The YPD’s patrol boundaries border but do not completely cover the East Rock neighborhood.

These areas, as well as Wooster Square, have been the sites of several attempted robberies in the past few weeks.

[The focus on undergraduates is] not intentional. It’s just the University culture.

JOORI PARK GRD ’17 Chair, Graduate School Assembly GSA Representative Fabian Schrey GRD ’19 said graduate students often feel unsafe walking back home to these areas later in the day, adding that Yale shuttles are often full to capacity during these times. Park said transportation in New Haven is often a security issue, especially during peak hours.

“We think these things are very much interrelated,” Schrey said. He said the addition of more shuttles SEE GRAD SECURITY PAGE 6

PAGE 2

YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

OPINION

.COMMENT “Come to Vermont.” yaledailynews.com/opinion

Theory in practice

GUEST COLUMNIST ZAHRA BAITIE

Furthering the good T

he place I called home for 18 years is 5,068 miles away from New Haven (and in a much warmer part of the world). The prospects of moving to a place far removed from my loved ones, much colder than anywhere I had ever been and with a largely unfamiliar culture, was daunting. But throughout my time at Yale, I have built a new home that has helped me survive the difficulties inherent to assimilation and the struggles of college life. I owe my success at building this home to my peers and the plethora of resources that brighten the experiences of many Yalies.

Now, as a FroCo, I hope to pay it forward to new generations of Yalies. It is for this reason that I have chosen to donate to the Senior Class Gift.

My donation to the SCG is not a pure endorsement of all that is Yale. Rather it stems from recognition that while Yale certainly has room for improvement, the University wants us to thrive and succeed. Yale’s very structure — the residential college system amidst a University with wide resources — is designed to create communities that build a wide safety net and create an environment conducive to growth, learning and selfdiscovery. Yale has systems of support that simply do not exist in the real world: Walden Peer Counselors, FroCos, PLs, CCEs, deans, masters and professors.

Each of us will find different things at Yale that we will come to cherish. We all graduate from this University as changed individuals and for most of us that change will be overwhelmingly positive. We are changed by the Master’s Teas we attend, the classes we take, the conversations we have, the performances we see and the fellowships that give us a chance to engage the world around us.

We grow in an environment, which despite its flaws, places students and their concerns at the center.

The University’s recent fledgling response to student concerns about Yale’s mental health services and policies is an indication of its commitment to students. Our concerns are being heard. Dean Jonathan Holloway has convened a committee to inquire into withdrawal and readmission policy changes. Our system is by no means perfect, but I am also proud of and committed to a University that has already begun to listen to the concerns we’ve raised.

Protesting the SCG over issues of mental health will not force the administration to

L

change its withdrawal policies, but it will detract from the good we can achieve through our class’s participation.

Donating to the SCG doesn’t mean that we all loved all four years at Yale; I doubt we can find many students who loved every single moment here.

Donating does, however, show that we recognize and appreciate the many amazing experiences and opportunities we have been afforded. All of us have utilized Yale's resources and benefited from them in one way or another. Not many places outside the Yale bubble offer the kind of opportunities we get here.

GIVE NOT BECAUSE YALE IS PERFECT, BUT BECAUSE IT IS A PLACE WORTH MAKING BETTER

et’s put college into perspective. We spend roughly four years here at Yale. For those of us who opt not to attend graduate school, this is the last formal education that we will ever receive. The vast majority of Yalies will spend the rest of their lives working in industry. This is precisely why I’m stunned by the movement toward more “practical” or “industry-oriented” curriculums in colleges across the nation — particularly in the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics.

“Theory” has become a dirty word, and the reputations of the liberal arts colleges that espouse its virtues have been questioned.

But we should reject the notion that an education without practical significance is an education not worth receiving. Let’s not turn college into vocational school.

Now, the past few years have created a pretty tough, if not cutthroat, job market. I sympathize with the idea that we need practical skills in order for our resumes stand out amidst a sea of applicants. But it is not the purpose of a college education to provide these skills.

This mentality is pervasive in computer science; there’s such a huge push for pre-professionalism in America today that one of the first questions that I’m asked by prefrosh interested in computer science is always, “What’s

I’m donating to the SCG because I want to show that I’m thankful for what I have been given. However, I also recognize the need for change.

Pushing for change and giving back to Yale do not have to divide us as a class. We can simultaneously advocate for reform and give back to a community that has fostered us. Divided, we fall silent.

But united, we can continue funding the positive experiences Yale has given us while simultaneously directing our resources to areas that desperately need improvement. Systemic change from the administration takes time and is something that could potentially be achieved through petitions, discussions with administrators, lobbying through our YCC representatives and other forms of advocacy. These conversations are happening and in the meantime, we can unite as a class and collect the resources needed to promote the campus environment that we’re fighting for.

If you do choose to give, give not because Yale is perfect, but because it is a place worth making better for others to come. The smallest acts of kindness are important, and our collective support can ultimately make Yale a home away from home for generations of students.

YALE DAILY NEWS PUBLISHING CO., INC. 202 York Street, New Haven, CT 06511 (203) 432-2400

SPORTS Grant Bronsdon Ashton Wackym

MANAGING EDITORS Matthew Lloyd-Thomas Wesley Yiin

WEEKEND Jane Balkoski Andrew Koenig David Whipple

ONLINE EDITOR Marek Ramilo

YTV Michael Leopold Isabel McCullough Steffi Yuli

OPINION Rishabh Bhandari Diana Rosen NEWS Lavinia Borzi Adrian Rodrigues CITY J. R. Reed Pooja Salhotra

MAGAZINE Jennifer Gersten Oliver Preston COPY Eva Landsberg Adam Mahler Isabel Sperry Sarah Sutphin

CULTURE Eric Xiao

PRODUCTION & DESIGN Sammy Bensinger Alex Cruz Olivia Hamel Jilly Horowitz Carter Levin Marisa Lowe Aparna Nathan Amra Saric PHOTOGRAPHY Wa Liu Elena Malloy Alexandra Schmeling Ken Yanagisawa

PUBLISHER Abdullah Hanif DIR. FINANCE Yuanling Yuan DIR. ADVERTISING Gonzalo Gallardo ONL. BUSINESS MANAGER Steven Hee MARKETING & SALES MANAGER Eva Landsberg

PUBLIC RELATIONS MANAGER Misael Cabrera ACCOUNT EXECUTIVE MANAGER Joanna Jin ACCOUNT EXECUTIVE MANAGER Christopher Chute

ILLUSTRATIONS Thao Do WEB DEVELOPMENT Annie Cook Aaron Lewis Christopher Wan

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Hannah Schwarz

THIS ISSUE COPY STAFF: Maia Hirschler, Martin Lim PRODUCTION STAFF: Tresa Joseph, Amanda Mei, Steven Pan, Selcen Yuksel PRODUCTION ASSISTANTS: Erifer Fernandez, Laurie Wang EDITORIALS & ADS

The News’ View represents the opinion of the majority of the members of the Yale Daily News Managing Board of 2016. Other content on this page with bylines represents the opinions of those authors and not necessarily those of the Managing Board. Opinions set forth in ads do not necessarily reflect the views of the Managing Board. We reserve the right to refuse any ad for any reason and to delete or change any copy we consider objectionable, false or in poor taste. We do not verify the contents of any ad. The Yale Daily News Publishing Co., Inc. and its officers, employees and agents disclaim any responsibility for all liabilities, injuries or damages arising from any ad. The Yale Daily News Publishing Co. ISSN 0890-2240

NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT

SUBMISSIONS

All letters submitted for publication must include the author’s name, phone number and description of Yale University affiliation. Please limit letters to 250 words and guest columns to 750. The Yale Daily News reserves the right to edit letters and columns before publication. E-mail is the preferred method of submission.

Direct all letters, columns, artwork and inquiries to: Rishabh Bhandari and Diana Rosen Opinion Editors Yale Daily News opinion@yaledailynews.com

COPYRIGHT 2015 — VOL. CXXXVII, NO. 92

numbers in Excel or figuring out how to code a Snapchat-fordogs app. We change the world by questioning the assumptions that undergird the way we live and do business already.

Steve Jobs transformed the way we appreciate aesthetics by introducing design elements he gleaned from calligraphy classes at Reed College. Google was founded because two computer scientists realized that there was a more effective method to catalog and search Web pages than to simply filter keywords. Mark Zuckerberg used social network theory and graph theory to create a better way to interact with friends online. Theoretical knowledge enabled these companies to get started. Practical knowledge is important, but theory allows us to step back and see the big picture.

It’s more valuable to become a thinker than a worker bee — mindlessly learning how to solve problems that countless other people have solved before.

One of the most common complaints students had about CPSC 201, Introduction to Computer Science, was that we used Racket, a programming language that is all but useless in industry. I can’t count the number of times that my engineering friends have grumbled about learning something that they will "literally never use" in their lives again.

We probably won’t need half the material we pick up in our classes ever again. What will be valuable, however, is the mindset that we’ve picked up.

Now, we certainly need some practical skills — but acquiring them is not the primary purpose of a college class. This is where student organizations such as HackYale and summer internships hold a comparative advantage. We should be learning these types of skills on our own time.

Let’s not waste the one time in our lives when we can learn theory without the pressure of producing deliverables.

Non-STEM majors seem to have this all figured out. These arguments are quite similar to the rationale held by many for studying the liberal arts. And there’s a good reason why. Anybody can intern at a company: Some of us did so in high school.

Anybody can learn how to program or learn the ins and outs of corporate America. We have plenty of time to do that, the majority of our lifetimes, in fact.

Let’s ignore our professional lives for just a moment and learn for the sake of learning. Perhaps it will even help us stumble onto the next big idea.

SHREYAS TIRUMALA is a freshman in Trumbull College. His column runs on alternate Thursdays. Contact him at shreyas.tirumala@yale.edu .

G U E S T C O L U M N I S T E S T H E R P O R T YA N S K Y

No such thing as oversharing

ZAHRA BAITIE is a senior in Calhoun College. Contact her at zahra.baitie@yale.edu .

Editorial: (203) 432-2418 editor@yaledailynews.com Business: (203) 432-2424 business@yaledailynews.com

the startup culture like at Yale?” This is, of course, followed by, “Does Yale help you find internships in SHREYAS Silicon ValSome TIRUMALA ley?” students even choose to forRhyme and sake college degrees, with Reason programs such as the Thiel Fellowship helping them do it.

Colleges have picked up on this zeitgeist. The buzzwords of choice these days are “entrepreneurial” and “project-based learning.”

According to The New Yorker's Nicholas Thompson, Stanford University — famous for students dropping out to join startups — is now less of a university, and more of a “giant tech incubator with a football team.”

The value of a college education comes from its ability to shape how we think. Education ought to give us an understanding of the theoretical underpinnings of the world we live in, not necessarily land us jobs at Fortune 500 companies.

Asking the “big questions” is more than a cliché. Revolutionary ideas don’t come from learning more efficient ways to crunch

ASHLYN OAKES/STAFF ILLUSTRATOR

I EDITOR IN CHIEF Isaac Stanley-Becker

'THEANTIYALE' ON 'I'M STILL COLD'

’m worried I’m becoming one of “those people.” You know, the people who post obnoxious political commentary on Facebook, as though to wave it in your face and say, “See? Look how civically involved and morally responsible I am!” The people you unfollow online and avoid talking to in person, unless the topic is decidedly apolitical, like the absurdity of midterms and snow.

I don’t think I am one of those people yet, and I don’t plan to ever let my Facebook habits get that far out of hand. But lately, I’ve found myself sharing post after post about events — hate crimes mostly — from across the globe.

I most often post about antiSemitic hate crimes. To some people, this focus may seem politically one-sided. And perhaps when I post about Islamophobia, others may see a contradiction (though I certainly don’t).

No matter the topic, I’m always happy to clarify my statements and defend my position. I try to shelve my pride and admit when I’m wrong. I do this because — like countless other activists on campus — I think that my peers are not aware enough of issues that I consider important.

Sometimes I question

whether I ought to share those articles at all. Isn’t it just needless newsfeed clutter? Won’t people scroll past my posts? Or am I just another voice in the echo chamber?

I recently got a Facebook message from a girl I went to high school with. She was shocked by an article I posted detailing hate-filled propaganda that glorified and encouraged antiSemitic murders, as well as other articles linking terrorist attacks to this propaganda. She told me this was the first time that she had heard about such institutionalized anti-Semitic propaganda.

She shared that post with her friends.

Even though many of my peers are thoroughly up to date on foreign affairs, I’m glad that by disseminating this information, I’ve helped at least one person learn something important and current.

Moreover, since she had not seen this news on social media before my post, chances are these articles would have been news to many of her friends on Facebook as well.

What can otherwise feel like over-sharing is justified if even one person gets the message.

Thanks to the nature of social media, once that happens, the cascade can be exponential.

Even on an individual level, one such instance can change a person’s engagement with the news. This post alerted my friend about an important event that she otherwise would have missed. Realizing this gap in her knowledge, she is more likely to seek out the news on her own.

Just checking the New York Times online for a few minutes, she might read about the violence that rages in Ukraine despite the ceasefire. Or about the execution of 24 Egyptian Christians by ISIS militants.

But what good is awareness?

Why should we keep up with the news if all it does is depress us? My friend admitted, “I’m glad you’re telling me all this. I just feel more and more hopeless because there’s not much I can do.”

Most of the time, there really isn’t much that we can do, especially if the issue is something like violence in a foreign country. But that shouldn’t make us hopeless, and it definitely shouldn’t numb us into complacency.

At the very least, we owe it to others to be engaged and informed citizens. We owe it to them to read the news, seeking out sources that are diverse and trustworthy.

We owe it to them to discuss issues that matter to us and to

pay attention to our peers when they do the same. Our concerns are often wildly different, and listening to others can teach us more than we could ever find out on our own.

Most importantly, we need to pay attention to the world around us. The world is in turmoil right now: economic, political, social, you name it. We cannot afford to live in personal bubbles or Yale bubbles or even “America bubbles.” We need to care about and fight for one another, or nothing will ever change. Just as Abraham Joshua Heschel linked arms with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. in Selma, so must we take up one another’s causes.

That can mean almost anything: attending talks and meetings on campus, writing letters to congressmen or marching in protest. But at the very least, it means staying informed.

Knowledge may not be the same as power, but it’s the first and most crucial step. If we can successfully use social media to bring important issues to each other’s attention, then the benefits of oversharing outweigh the exasperation that may be its price.

ESTHER PORTYANSKY is a junior in Jonathan Edwards College.

Contact her at esther.portyansky@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 3

NEWS

“Recognize yourself in he and she who are not like you and me.” CARLOS FUENTES MEXICAN WRITER

CORRECTION TUESDAY, FEB. 17

A previous version of the article “With new research, toasting to health” misstated the recipe for the vodka cranberries used in this study. The drink was made not with four parts vodka to one part sugar-free cranberry juice, but rather three parts cranberry juice to one part vodka.

Foreign language enrollment examined

BY EMMA PLATOFF STAFF REPORTER Language course enrollments may be dropping across the country, but many of Yale’s foreign language departments have held on to student interest.

Last week, the Modern Language Association — a scholarly organization that promotes language and literature study through publications and advocacy work — released a survey that measured foreign language enrollment at American colleges and universities, comparing trends across languages like Korean and Russian. Language enrollment nationwide fell nearly 7 percent between 2009 and 2013 despite multiple periods of growth since 2002. While overall enrollment in Yale College foreign language courses has also dropped since 2009, many other trends summarized in the report do not hold true at Yale.

“It could be that with the ever-increasing use of English globally, students may see less of a need to study a foreign language,” Director of Undergraduate Studies for French Christopher Semk said. “Especially now that more students and parents see college as a means to a highpaying job, they don’t necessarily see the influence of language study — especially when you can do work abroad in English.”

On a similar note, MLA Executive Director Rosemary Feal told the Chronicle of Higher Education last week that the decrease could be explained by increased student enrollment in career-oriented subjects, such as business, which leave little time for language classes.

Still, others said it is difficult to know what is behind the trend.

“I have no idea what accounts for these broad shifts — if, in fact, they are taking place — nor does anyone else,” East Asian Languages and Literatures DUS Seth Jacobowitz said, noting that the subject has drawn increased attention of late.

Nelleke Van Deusen-Scholl, director of Yale’s Center for Language Study, said it is hard to say whether these numbers

reflect an ongoing trend or mere fluctuations in language enrollment.

Jacobowitz added that Yale students often enter college with strong language backgrounds — something that both the study and Spanish DUS Susan Byrne corroborated — so small declines in elementary courses do not necessarily indicate less overall interest.

Still, despite the overall decrease, numbers for individual language courses have fluctuated at Yale and beyond. The MLA survey indicated increased enrollments in languages such as Korean, American Sign Language, Portuguese and Chinese. In the case of Korean, this increase was as large as 44.7 percent. Yale’s Korean enrollment, meanwhile, has shown an overall positive, if erratic trend since the 2009–10 academic year.

Portuguese enrollment has also been unpredictable. Portuguese DUS David Jackson said registration numbers generally hover around 60 per semester, but spiked to 120 two years ago before returning to normal levels this spring.

But other languages saw decreased interest nationally.

Ancient Greek enrollments, for example, have fallen 35.5 percent nationwide since 2009, but, according to Classics DUS Emily Greenwood, ancient Greek enrollments at Yale have been “modest but steady” during the same period. And though it remains the most-studied language at Yale and in the United States, Spanish has seen an 8.2 percent fall in nationwide enrollment.

Russian enrollments have decreased about 18 percent since 2009, according to the survey, but Slavic Languages and Literatures Senior Lector Irina Dolgova said beginning Russian enrollments are about 30 percent higher at Yale this year.

The increased interest, she said, could be due to Russia’s recent prominence in political news.

This MLA report is the 23rd of its kind to be released by the association.

Contact EMMA PLATOFF at emma.platoff@yale.edu .

CT senators propose body cameras for cops

BY STEPHANIE ADDENBROOKE STAFF REPORTER Nine Connecticut state senators, responding to national conversations about police brutality, have introduced a bill that would begin a pilot program requiring police officers to wear body cameras while on patrol.

The legislation, introduced at a public hearing on Feb. 17, would create a oneyear program to study the outcomes when municipal police officers wear body cameras. According to the bill, the program would pilot in three cities, which are yet to be announced, of varying sizes with the goal of establishing a state-wide standard for when a camera should be turned on.

The bill would also mandate an evaluation of the different available technologies.

One of the senators introducing the bill, state Sen. Marilyn Moore, a Democrat representing Bridgeport, Trumbull and a portion of Monroe, said in an email that the bill has been introduced because of a “public outcry” against police brutality against minorities. Moore added that the use of body cameras has already proved successful in improving policing in cities across California, most notably in Rialto — a city 60 miles due east of Los Angeles, and so Connecticut should do the same.

“Passing this piece of legislation would be beneficial for both parties involved; it serves as another form of protection,” she said.

At the public hearing Tuesday, Mayor Toni Harp testified in favor of the bill.

She said awareness of the camera and knowledge that a recording is being made can alter behaviors and prevent a situation from escalating to a point where force might be necessary. Furthermore, a recording of the circumstances, Harp said, would prove “invaluable” during follow-up analyses of events, providing a clear picture of what happened and when.

Some police departments in Connecticut have been looking to use police cameras independent of both the legislation and unrest over police brutality in Fer-

guson, Missouri and Staten Island, New York.

Hartford Deputy Police Chief Brian Foley said the Hartford Police Department has been looking into using body cameras since 2012. Currently, Hartford City Council members are deciding whether to enforce complete use of body cameras across the police force. While Foley said he does not know how these cameras would work if they were required for all department officers, reports and studies show that citizen complaints drop significantly after implementation.

In Rialto, a study by the Police Foundation revealed that in the first year after the cameras were introduced in February 2012, the number of complaints fell by 88 percent from the previous 12 months. The use of force fell by almost 60 percent over the same timeframe.

“In our community, if our citizens want us to have [body cameras], we should listen to them and explore the options,” he said.

According to Yale Deputy Press Secretary Karen Peart, the Yale Police Department, along with the New Haven Police Department and police departments in nearby towns, has already started examining the utility of body cameras.

She said the YPD began a body camera pilot program in 2013 and currently has 10 body cameras for its officers.

On Dec. 1, 2014, a press release from the White House said President Barack Obama proposed a three-year investment of $75 million to increase the use of body-worn cameras across the nation.

The investment would support a new Body Worn Camera Partnership Program, which would match 50 percent of funds to certain states and localities, which together could purchase over 50,000 body-worn cameras. On Dec. 18, Obama signed an executive order establishing the Task Force on 21st Century Policing, which would advise the President on reducing crime while maintaining a level of trust between police officers and their communities.

On Jan. 31, Police Foundation President Jim Bueermann, a California police

officer who has seen implementation of the cameras, testified in front of the task force. He said that while body cameras have many benefits, a lot more research needs to be done into their usage and potential.

“It is important to remember that no single technology is going serve as the panacea to the tension that exists today between the police and many of the communities they protect,” he told the task force.

Foley said there are many downsides to these cameras that have yet to be explored. He specifically said he does not know how the use of cameras could affect young training officers, for whom a recording of a moment of misjudgment could completely change their career options. Furthermore, he said citizens who wish to report a crime may feel less inclined to do so if they think their identity would be revealed through recorded video.

However, state Sen. Gary Winfield, who represents New Haven and Hamden, an African-American man who grew up in the Bronx and one of the nine who introduced this legislation, said having body cameras will help make citizens feel that interacting with law enforcement will not end in a physical and potentially deadly scenario.

“Every time I leave my home, even to take out the trash, I carry identification,” he said. “I carry this because of my experience growing up in New York where the same people we called on in times of need were the very people we were afraid to interact with: the police.”

Harp encouraged those at the Tuesday hearing to experiment with the cameras, and support the pilot program introduced by the nine Connecticut senators.

“Let’s underscore our commitment to the idea that municipal police officers, sworn to prevent crime as well as enforce the law, are an extension of our community, accountable to all its members, and willing to be on record about it,” she said.

Contact STEPHANIE ADDENBROOKE at stephanie.addenbrooke@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS

State senators have introduced a bill that would establish a pilot program requiring police officers to wear body cameras while on patrol.

Blumenthal, immigrants denounce Texas court decision

BY MRINAL KUMAR STAFF REPORTER Connecticut Sen. Richard Blumenthal LAW ’73 slammed the Texas Federal Court’s recent decision to halt President Barack Obama’s immigration reform during a Wednesday morning roundtable discussion with New Haven immigration activists and undocumented immigrant families.

On Nov. 20, 2014, Obama

announced an executive action that would provide deportation relief to up to 4.4 million people nationally. He implemented the Deferred Action for Parents of Americans and Lawful Permanent Residents program to protect certain parents of U.S. citizens and expanded eligibility for the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, which protects undocumented youth who came to the country as children. On Tues-

day, the Texas Attorney General, joined by over 20 states, secured a temporary injunction on DAPA and the DACA expansion, dealing a major blow to national immigration reform. The first applications for the expanded DACA program were to be accepted yesterday.

“The Texas court decision is wrong,” Blumenthal said at the roundtable discussion in New Haven. “This decision unfortunately is the result more of the bias

MRINAL KUMAR/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

A national survey found language class enrollment is on the decline.

than the facts of law. I’ve encouraged the administration to appeal, and I will support that appeal.”

According to Blumenthal, the Texas court judge hearing the decision has previously said Obama’s immigration policies endanger America and enable criminals to enter the country.

Blumenthal stressed that the court decision is just a temporary delay in the push for permanent immigration reform and reflects a setback in the court process.

Many local immigrants, accompanied by their families, shared their stories at the roundtable discussion. Jose Piscil, a New Haven factory worker currently going through deportation proceedings, said the ruling has the greatest impact on youth immigrants.

“All of our children are American citizens,” Piscil said as he pointed to his three babies. “They have the right to live here as an American would. I am very angry that this happened, and I will fight because this is something that came out of racism.”

Luis Luna, a member of the local immigrant rights group Unidad Latina en Acción, came to the U.S. in 1997 when he was 13 years old. He said he was fortunate enough to legalize his status, but he intends to fight for the millions of families whose rights are being impeded by the court order.

He emphasized the need to battle

what he called “hateful rhetoric and hateful action.”

Kica Matos, the director of Immigrant Rights and Racial Justice at the national Center for Community Change, said she fears that undocumented immigrants would be deterred from applying to programs like DACA because of the court’s decision.

“We need to instill a sense of confidence that the law is on our side,” said Matos. “We need as many people that are trustworthy and leaders in our community to spread the word.”

Matos’ sentiment was echoed by several other activists at the table, including Maria Praeli and Junior Sierra, members of United We Dream, the largest immigrant youth-led organization in the nation. They are also Dreamers — the term used for undocumented immigrant youths.

Praeli, who met with Obama earlier this month to discuss immigration reform, stressed the need for immigrants to move forward and apply for DACA despite the threat of possible deportation. She said Obama told her that increasing the number of people who apply for DACA would make it harder for congressman or judges to invalidate the program.

Ingrid Alvarez, Connecticut state director of the Hispanic Federation, said the fear of deportation deters immigrant fami-

lies from fighting for their rights.

She said Connecticut needs a task force to create resources, education and training for immigrants to ensure that they are not exploited.

Connecticut has long been a leader in immigration reform, according to Megan Fountain ’07, a ULA organizer. In 2013, Connecticut became the first state to pass the TRUST Act, which allows state agencies to submit to Immigration and Custom Enforcement’s request to detain an individual only if there is a serious felony conviction. Police in New Haven were instructed not to query about immigrant status, so that immigrants could feel safe seeking police protection. Currently, the Connecticut Immigrant Rights Alliance and the ULA are working with state legislation to improve the TRUST Act. Blumenthal pledged his best effort to keeping Connecticut at the forefront of immigration reform.

“I will do whatever it takes to encourage more families to apply, to protect them from fraud and exploitation, to urge federal authorities to pursue these remedies as quickly as possible and to speak with my colleagues so that they understand what is really at stake here,” Blumenthal said.

Contact MRINAL KUMAR at mrinal.kumar@yale.edu .

PAGE 4

YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

FROM THE FRONT

“Things go away to return, brightened for the passage.” A. R. AMMONS AMERICAN POET

Perez’s departure leaves experience gap on board PEREZ FROM PAGE 1

YALE DAILY NEWS

After serving 28 years in city government, New Haven Board of Alders President Jorge Perez will become the new state banking commissioner.

Judges lean right, study finds JUDGES FROM PAGE 1 tive judges at the law school are more conservative than their counterparts who do not have judicial aspirations. He said that because so much of a judicial career is determined by outside forces, most law students at Yale are not already planning on being judges. In contrast, aspiring lawyers tend to have already drafted their career path in that direction.

Overall once you take on the role of judge, you take upon yourself more of a public figure.

ASAF LUBIN LAW ’15 Similarly, Daniel HerzRoiphe LAW ’15 said he does not think many students at Yale Law School aim to sit on the bench because entering the federal judiciary relies on an external appointment, which law school graduates cannot themselves determine.

However, he said he does not think that all law students who may be interested in sitting on the bench are ideologically conservative.

“Politicians are pretty

evenly split and politicians appoint federal judges,” he said. “So, it would make sense that the political composition of the judiciary would reflect the political composition of the Senate and the White House.”

However, Herz-Roiphe said he thinks more conservatives are on the bench as opposed to the bar because the legal profession caters to more liberal-minded activities.

Asaf Lubin LAW ’15 said that taking on the role of the judge inherently warrants a more conservative outlook.

“Overall once you take on the role of judge, you take upon yourself more of a public figure, and even if you used to be more of an open spirit you take on a more civil role,” Lubin said. “It is not necessarily becoming a conservative but taking your opinions a notch down.”

Still, Lubin added that this conservatism does not contradict activism on the bench. In particular, he cited Aharon Barak — the former president of the Israeli Supreme Court and a visiting professor at the law school — as a particularly active judge.

There are 874 federal, Article III judgeships in the United States.

Contact PHOEBE KIMMELMAN at phoebe.kimmelman@yale.

was voted out of office in 2006 and replaced by Carl Goldfield.

According to former Downtown Alder Bitsie Clark, Goldfield was a closer ally for former mayor John DeStefano Jr. than Perez.

Goldson left his post as alder in 2012 — the term before Perez was elected — but worked with Perez as DeStefano’s liaison to the alders. Goldson added that, while Perez and DeStefano had disagreements, the two leaders worked cooperatively from 2012 to 2013.

“They were two different leaders with two different agendas, but they worked together to get things done,” Goldson said.

“It’s important to have competing forces in government so that the people are served well. That’s what you got with Jorge and [DeStefano].”

In contrast to the occasional tense relations between Perez and DeStefano, City Hall spokesman Laurence Grotheer said Perez has been a close partner of Mayor Toni Harp since Perez endorsed Harp early in her 2013 campaign.

Several alders and former city officials specifically underscored his financial background and knowledge of city government structure as key assets that will be lost when Perez makes the transition to his position in Hartford.

Harp’s liaison to the alders and former Fair Haven Alder Joe Rodriguez said Perez’s institutional knowledge was particularly helpful during the transition between mayoral administrations. He added that Perez’s experience as a banker — Perez currently works as vice president of Liberty Bank — had been an asset to the board’s finance committee and to the mayor during budget talks last spring.

“The kinds of questions he would ask at finance committee meetings were invaluable,” Clark said.

Rodriguez said, though Perez’s financial acumen will be missed, he hoped Ward 17 Alder and Democratic Majority Leader Alphonse Paolillo Jr., who represents the East Shore and serves alongside Perez on the finance committee, would take a leadership role in future meetings.

Ward 4 Alder Andrea JacksonBrooks, who represents the Hill

neighborhood and also serves as the chair of the finance committee, said the committee will miss Perez’s “back-to-front knowledge” of the city’s finances. Jackson-Brooks nominated Perez for president in 2012.

Rodriguez added that he had personally admired Perez’s leadership when working under him in the Board.

“Specifically for me, as a young Latino with political aspirations, Jorge Perez was an example of an influential Latino leader,” Rodriguez said.

Clark said that although she voted against Perez in 2006, she has been impressed by his leadership. She particularly admired his willingness to work with those who did not support him after he was voted out of the presidency.

He’s one of the few people on that board who really, really knows what he’s talking about.

BITSIE CLARK Former Ward 7 Alder “I think it’s an enormous loss for the board,” she said. “He’s one of the few people on that board who really, really knows what he’s talking about.”

During his most recent term as president, Perez has not been absent from a single board meeting, so Walker has not led any meetings as acting president thus far. Rodriguez said that while the mayor’s office has not yet worked with Walker as president, they have collaborated with the alder as a member of the board’s leadership. The mayor’s office hopes to continue to strengthen its ties with the alders with Walker as president, Rodriguez said.

Goldson echoed Rodriguez, adding that he hopes the new leadership of the board will maintain the trust established between the mayor’s office and the alders under Perez’s leadership.

“Jorge and the term ‘President’ go hand-in-hand,” Rodriguez said. “He’s such a fixture within the chambers at City Hall.”

Contact ERICA PANDEY at erica.pandey@yale.edu .

Malloy presents $40bn, two-year budget MALLOY FROM PAGE 1 decade transportation plan that would widen highways, expand rail service and upgrade bridges across the state.

“We need to decide what kind of state we want to be — not just tomorrow, but 10, 20 and 30 years from now,” Malloy said in his speech to the General Assembly. “We carry a sacred obligation to our children and our children’s children to make this state an even better place for our having lived in it.”

Prior to his re-election in November, Malloy promised not to raise taxes, and he said his budget holds true to that pledge. The budget, if passed by the legislature, would go into effect July 1, lowering the sales tax rate from 6.35 percent to 6.2 percent in November.

The rate would then drop to 5.95 percent in 2017. However, Malloy would increase the volume of taxable goods, including individual items of clothing priced under $50 that are currently tax exempt.

Malloy would also eliminate the business entity tax, a fixed $250 biannual payment for all businesses. Although this tax cut would cost the state $40 million in lost revenues, Malloy would raise an additional $233.8 million in tax revenue by limiting loopholes used by corporations and hospitals. Additional savings would come from cutting discretionary higher education spending, reducing reimbursements to Medicaid providers and continuing the statewide hiring freeze.

Spending, including revenue deposited into the special transportation fund, would increase by just over 3 percent in both 2016 and 2017.

However, Malloy’s proposals may cause a showdown with

Republicans once the budget comes before the General Assembly.

State Rep. Christopher Davis, a Republican representing Ellington, who is the ranking member of the Finance, Revenue and Bonding Committee, told the News that the changes to the sales tax will disproportionately hurt low-income and middle-class families since the flat sales tax would be expanded to affordable clothing items. The change in sales tax, combined with the adjustments to corporate taxes, presents a budget that Republicans are unlikely to support, he said.

We carry a sacred obligation to our children and our children’s children to make this state an even better place for our having lived in it.

DANNEL MALLOY Governer, Connecticut State Rep. Bob Godfrey, a Democrat representing Danbury, said in an interview with CT-N Hartford yesterday that the reduction in the sales tax rate will make Connecticut more competitive while also serving as a tax break for middle class consumers.

Malloy further said he plans to expand commuter rail service to suburbs around the state, including North Haven and Hamden, in addition to double-tracking the New Haven-Hartford-Springfield line in an attempt to increase service volume and possibly extend the line to Boston and Montreal.

During his re-election cam-

paign, Malloy announced plans to construct a new Metro-North station in east Bridgeport; he reaffirmed this commitment and his plans for a station in Orange in his speech.

In addition to expanding rail service, Malloy said the budget would allow for work to begin on highway-widening projects across the state, which he described as necessary to reduce congestion and increase safety.

Malloy specifically pointed to proposed projects to widen highways in New London, Middletown, Fairfield County and Waterbury.

Projections from the governor’s office say that Malloy’s transportation projects will cost $10 billion over the next five years and $100 billion over the next 30 years.

Malloy’s transportation plan involves creating a “transportation lockbox” — a fund that can only be spent on transportation and infrastructure projects. But the sources of funding for this transportation lockbox remain unclear.

Many states have some form of a lockbox, wherein gasoline tax revenue is solely used for transportation projects.

Godfrey said he remains skeptical about the lockbox idea because he doubted whether Malloy will be able to raise sufficient funds for the lockbox. Limiting the lockbox to revenues raised from gasoline taxes would likely leave the lockbox underfunded, he said.

The state has no plans to introduce highway tolls, Office of Public Management Secretary Ben Barnes said in a briefing Wednesday morning. He added that tolls are no “magic bullet,” and have economic downsides.

Malloy also elaborated on the Second Chance Society initiative for criminal justice reform, which he put forth in a speech at the Yale

Law School earlier this month. His budget would reduce penalties for simple drug possession from a felony to a misdemeanor and eliminate mandatory minimum sentencing. Based on expected savings resulting from a projected decline in the prison population, the Second Chance Society proposals would save the state a net of $32 million over the next two fiscal years.

Malloy’s budget also includes proposed changes in the state’s education system, especially relating to early childhood education.

Malloy said that, if passed, his budget would ensure a full-day kindergarten education for every child in Connecticut by the fall of 2017, and he promised that this would not come at a cost to public education funding.

But for some, Malloy’s education proposals could go further.

Jennifer Alexander, the CEO of the education reform advocacy group ConnCAN, commended Malloy’s investment in early education but criticized the breadth of the budget’s education funding in a statement released after Malloy’s speech.

“We are disappointed that the proposal did not include additional funding for programs that serve our underperforming district schools,” Alexander said. “To protect the future prosperity of our state, our elected leaders must deliver on the promise of an excellent public education for all of Connecticut’s children now.”

In February 2013, Malloy proposed a roughly $44 billion twoyear budget.

Contact NOAH DAPONTE-SMITH at noah.daponte-smith@yale.edu and MICHELLE LIU at michelle.liu@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 5

NEWS

“The world is a book and those who do not travel read only one page.”

ST. AUGUSTINE LATIN THEOLOGIAN

FES joins SOM on Global Network projects

BY PHOEBE KIMMELMAN AND STEPHANIE ROGERS STAFF REPORTERS For the first time, the School of Management’s global commitment is expanding to another school within Yale — the School of Forestry & Environmental Studies.

Through its participation in the Global Network for Advanced Management — an international business school partnership founded in 2012 by SOM Dean Edward Snyder — the SOM has hosted and sent students to participating business schools for week-long programs, called Global Network Weeks. Though in previous installations only Yale students at the SOM have been eligible to participate in Global Network Weeks, during the first three weeks of March, students from F&ES will travel to Costa Rica and the Philippines for GNAM Weeks that focus on sustainability.

Co-Director of the Center for Business and the Environment at Yale Bradford Gentry said that collaboration between the SOM and F&ES will enable students to innovate new solutions to problems. “[There are] lots of different worldviews and a lot of need to figure out how companies embedded in these resource systems — that scientists work on — can continue to have access to them when we have more people and more wealth and therefore more pressure on the resources,” Gentry said.

SOM Director of Global Initiatives Camino de Paz said these locations were chosen as destinations for F&ES students because the GNAM programs there are focusing on important sustainability issues. The program in the Philippines will focus on ecotourism and the one in Costa Rica will center on the challenges of doing business in Latin America.

She also said that though 158 students at the SOM will be participating in worldwide Global Network programming, 15 F&ES students will be traveling to Costa Rica and two F&ES students will be traveling to the Philippines.

Although this will be the first global partnership between the two schools, students at the SOM and F&ES have been collaborating since the creation of a joint degree over 30 years ago, CBEY Program Director Stuart DeCew said. Founded eight years ago, CBEY strengthened these connections by providing the schools with a network of leading experts working at the intersections of business and the environment.

Furthermore, SOM Associate Dean David Bach said that since 2012 F&ES has been involved

with the GNAM in different ways on campus, such as offering an online GNAM course on natural capital.

Bach said F&ES has also contributed to forming GNAM Weeks through its own involvement with the World Business Council for Sustainable Development, a partnership of environmentally conscious companies that will be the first non-member school to host a GNAM Week in Geneva this year.

The benefits of including F&ES students in the GNAM Week classes, he said, will be similar to the benefits of interdisciplinary education at Yale.

“I think here at Yale we like having students from different backgrounds in the room together because students at a different professional school ask different questions,” he said. “At many other schools, this doesn’t happen because they are de facto stand alone schools. I think the F&ES students will ask tough questions of the MBA students and will add a different perspective, especially for modules pertaining to sustainability.”

Nina Lagpacan FES ’16, who will be attending the trip to the Philippines, said she never thought of herself working in the private sector before coming to Yale because she had an automatic assumption that all big business was bad. But after attending classes on the intersection between business and sustainability, she said, she realized that more impact and change is possible in the private sector.

Timila Dhakhwa FES ’16, who will be attending the week in Costa Rica, said the trip is very relevant to her as a native of Nepal because her home country has a lot of natural resources, and could benefit from the intervention of innovative business models that seek to preserve the environment.

Dhakhwa also said there should be a greater push by the SOM and F&ES to incorporate more classes and lectures on topics similar to the GNAM programs, because there is a high level of interest among students, even for those not receiving the joint SOM-FES degree.

Sarah Bolthrunis SOM ’16 FES ’16, who is going to Geneva for the Global Network Week led by the WBCSD, said she expects many students will not have a lot of background in environmental issues and that the programming will be more of an introduction to sustainable development.

Roughly 650 students worldwide will be participating in March’s GNAM Weeks.

Contact PHOEBE KIMMELMAN at phoebe.kimmelman@yale.edu and STEPHANIE ROGERS at stephanie.rogers@yale.edu .

KRISTINA KIM/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Students from the School of Forestry & Environmental Studies will participate in the Global Network for Advanced Management program.

Minority STEM outreach program launched

BY LARRY MILSTEIN AND STEPHANIE ROGERS STAFF REPORTERS In an effort to create greater student diversity in the sciences at Yale, the University has looked abroad for inspiration.

Last semester, the University launched the Yale Ciencia Initiative, a new effort that provides scientific access and research opportunities for minority groups historically underrepresented in the field. The initiative — which is housed in the Yale Center for Teaching and Learning — is modeled after Ciencia Puerto Rico, a non-profit network created by Yale cell biology professor Daniel Colón-Ramos that aims to promote research and foster scientific collaborations in the Puerto Rican community.

Unlike other diversity outreach programs like the Science, Technology and Research Scholars that focus on Yale undergraduates exclusively, the Ciencia Initiative encourages students both at Yale and around the world to pursue the sciences.

Though the initiative mainly targets students of Hispanic backgrounds or from Spanish-speaking countries, administrators and students interviewed said the new program fits into a larger University effort to increase diversity on campus, and more broadly in academia.

“There is no single approach to developing diversity,” Jim Slattery, associate provost for science and technology, wrote in an email. “The Yale Ciencia Initiative is one such effort at Yale that will use methods developed by Ciencia Puerto Rico to reach out to a broad cross-section of cul-

tures.”

Ciencia Puerto Rico Executive Director Giovanna Guerrero-Medina said the Yale partnership will provide students and researchers with fellowship opportunities on campus and undergraduate research activities. It will also create various outreach programs to New Haven, she added.

Colón-Ramos said though the new initiative is more ambitious than his initial project, Ciencia at Yale has more potential because it will expand to engage Latin American communities beyond those in Puerto Rico. Funding for the program will be its biggest barrier for success, which Colón-Ramos said is often difficult to secure for initiatives that support minorities. As a result, administrators involved in the program are applying for grants, Director of the Center for Teaching and Learning Jennifer Frederick said. The Center for Teaching and Learning also provides the Ciencia Initiative with the opportunity to quantitatively assess the current impact of its programs in order to make adjustments, Frederick said.

Simon Hernandez, a postgraduate associate at the Yale Center for Scientific Teaching, recently collaborated with the Ciencia Initiative and taught an antibiotic screening course to students in Puerto Rico last fall.

“When I went to Puerto Rico, I met a lot of motivated students,” Hernandez said. “[We] just need to give those talented students an opportunity. We can’t afford to be losing scientists and losing talent.”

Guerrero-Medina said one specific goal of the Ciencia Initiative is to encour-

age the 2,300 undergraduates across the world that Ciencia serves to use Yale resources and programs.

Cesar Garcia ’17, a STARS participant, said that since he grew up in a small town, there were no professional research programs besides the general science curriculum taught at his school. There need to be programs directed at a broader swath of Latinos because other students with even fewer resources may not have had the foresight or exposure to pursue a STEM-related field, he added.

“The Ciencia Initiative provides a framework where students are directly linked to the right resources immediately,” Garcia said. “[The initiative] creates a clear and simple road to follow if they choose to pursue a STEM field.”

However, some students interviewed within STEM fields remained uninformed about the creation of the new initiative.

Benjamin Bartolome ’16, a chemical engineering major of Puerto Rican descent, said he was familiar with the existence of Ciencia Puerto Rico, but was not aware of the Yale Ciencia Initiative.

Still, he said the launch of Yale Ciencia will be a major step as the University looks to engage with the Latin American world through scientific research.

Ciencia Puerto Rico has over 7,000 scientists, students and educators in its network.

Contact LARRY MILSTEIN at larry.milstein@yale.edu and STEPHANIE ROGERS at stephanie.rogers@yale.edu .

JULIA HENRY/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

The Ciencia Initiative, which focuses on undergraduate minority students in STEM fields, is housed in the Center for Teaching and Learning.

Alders push for BoE student elections

BY JUN YAN CHUA CONTRIBUTING REPORTER Students in the Elm City may soon be able to run for election as non-voting members of the Board of Education.

Last night, the Legislation Committee of the Board of Alders voted unanimously to approve the plan to add students to the Board of Education, which has been up for discussion since voters passed a wider education reform package restructuring the Board in November 2013. This ordinance allowing for student participation will be brought before the full Board of Alders for a first reading in roughly two weeks.

Under the proposal, the restructured Board of Education will comprise six mayoral appointees, two resident representatives elected by the public and two nonvoting student members. Students who intend to run for the position must secure the support of 100 peers from five different schools, with at least half of those signatures from students who go to a school other than their own.

“The process is modeled after what we go through as alders to get onto the ballot,” Ward 1 Alder Sarah Eidelson ’12 said.

“It also ensures big schools don’t dominate the elections.”

Earlier proposals to include a GPA and attendance requirement, as well as a selection committee to screen potential candidates, have been dropped.

Eidelson said eliminating these requirements makes the process “more democratic,” adding that including students on the board also provides a valuable educational opportunity to learn about the process of running for office.

In addition, the final ordinance includes adjustments to the boundaries of the two electoral districts, which were controversial when first announced last year.

“We will keep Fair Haven together, so that we don’t dilute the Latino vote,” East Rock Alder Sarah Holmes said.

However, some were not as enthusiastic about including elected student representatives.

Jake Colavolpe ’18, who attended a New Haven public school and served as an appointed student representative on the Connecticut Board of Education, expressed concern that the election process might pose a barrier to entry.

For instance, he said students could have great ideas but be bad public speakers.

Elizabeth Carroll, director of the Education Studies program at Yale, also expressed concerns about student representatives.

“We don’t want the election to become a popularity contest, through which highachieving students accumulate ‘gold stars’ for their resume,” she said.

At the meeting, alders also shared contrasting visions for the number of signatures a student will need to run for election, which was originally set at 150.

Ward 25 Alder Adam Marchand GRD ’99, who represents the Westville area, underscored the importance of signatures for board consideration, while Ward 26 Alder Darryl Brackeen Jr. said the signatures might be onerous for students.

“As a teacher, I would not want my students to be so overwhelmed by the process. Even for me, getting 100 signatures for the alders election was a challenge,” Brackeen said.

Despite this, all Legislation Committee members supported the move to increase student participation on the Board of Education and anticipated that there would be widespread student interest.

Holmes also promised that the Board of Education will bear the financial burden of campaigning, so that low-income candidates are not deterred from running.

Contact JUN YAN CHUA at junyan.chua@yale.edu .

JUN YAN CHUA/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

The vote to approve a plan adding students to the Board of Education was unanimous.

PAGE 6

YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

FROM THE FRONT

“The desire for safety stands against every great and noble enterprise.” TACITUS ROMAN SENATOR

GSA suggests added security measures for grad students GRAD SECURITY FROM PAGE 1 would reduce the need for as many Yale Security officers during peak transportation hours.

Schrey said Yale police officers are highly visible during the day, but seem to “disappear” around 6 p.m.

Still, YPD and Yale Transportation officials said it was unlikely that more attention could be given to off-campus areas because their resources are constrained.

“The thinner you spread yourself the less effective you are,” YPD Lieutenant Michael Patten said. “It all boils down to money.”

Director of Yale Security Dan Killen encouraged the use of both the walking-escort and door-to-door shuttle services.

But the shuttle service is not able to serve everyone — on an average weekend night, Yale Security usually receives over 1,000 phoned requests for shuttles, but are only able to give 500 rides to students.

Schrey said many students use the shuttle service out of laziness and convenience rather than because they feel unsafe.

Several students, including GSA Secretary Elizabeth Salm GRD ’18, asked whether Yale Security could give priority to students who feel unsafe. However, Killen said drivers are allocated on a first-come, first-served basis.

Graduate students who do not use the shuttle service and walk or bike home each day said there were many areas of campus, including Science Hill, that were poorly lit. YPD Lieutenant Joseph Vitale said that lights are regularly being fixed and that New Haven is in the process of switching to brighter LED lights.

WA LIU/PHOTOGRAPHY EDITOR

No formal decisions were reached at the security meeting on Wednesday afternoon, but the discussion of graduate student safety on and off campus is ongoing.

No formal agreements were made during the meeting to change security on and offcampus, but the precedent for change exists. A similar secu-

rity meeting in November 2014 on the medical school campus resulted in the extension of police patrol hours and the increased visibility of police

officers and cars. Even though no changes were implemented on Wednesday, students felt that the purpose of the meeting had been to inform students

and administrators, rather than enact change.

“The more that we know, the more we can help you guys, and the more you can help us,” GSA

Representative Christopher Price GRD ’19 said.

Contact FINNEGAN SCHICK at christopher.schick@yale.edu .

High acquired infections lead to penalties for YNHH HOSPITAL FROM PAGE 1 instrument,” said Joshua Copel, professor of obstetrics, gynecology, reproductive sciences and pediatrics at the Yale School of Medicine. He added that it is an inadequate measure of patient safety if used without other metrics.

Though YNHH scored poorly on Medicare’s metric, Vice President for Performance Management and YNHH Associate Chief of Staff Thomas Balcezak said it does not accurately reflect the actual safety of the hospital.

Of the more than 4,000 hospitals in the United States, roughly 400 are academic medical centers with major affiliations to a medical school, Balcezak explained.

YNHH is one of the largest and most complex of these institutions, he added. Since YNHH handles patients who are sicker than those at most hospitals, the patients are more likely to acquire infections in the hospital, he said.

“We’re the hospital of last resort for many patients,” said Howard Forman, Yale professor of diagnostic radiology, economics and public health, adding that the high number of academic medical centers on the list indicates that the acuity of patients’ conditions is not being considered. Roughly half of all academic medical centers in the nation are on the list for Medicare penalties.

He also drew attention to New Haven’s urban location, noting that poorer populations also tend to be more predisposed to complications.

But unlike strict outcome measures, such as the number of

patients that get readmitted after leaving the hospital, complications are more difficult to use as a measure of hospital efficacy, Forman said.

For instance, catheter-associated infections are often mild, and it is difficult for physicians to identify their sources, Forman said. He added that while the infection may go away after the catheter is removed, that in itself is not proof that the catheter caused the infection.

“There are many people in the medical community that think [these measures] are deeply flawed,” said Forman.

There are ways to improve these measures, Forman said, making them more data-driven and less privy to abuse. Balcezak agreed that cheating the system was a possibility, but he said he thinks most institutions are ethical and would not take advantage of the metric.

Krumholz noted that since the penalty is dependent on the results of self-reporting, hospitals that are better at keeping records may be more likely to penalized, as opposed to those with poorer performances. CORE’s work will center on correcting for these biases, Krumholz added.

Balcezak also cited obstacles that may predispose certain institutions to either over- or underreporting their HACs. In order to measure the rate of central-line infections, for example, hospitals need to have standardized methods of counting the number of infections that occur, as well as the total number of days patients spend with central lines inserted.

Inadequate data collection meth-

You Watch Them.

You Cheer For Them.

Why Not Write About Them?

Join Sports, and write about your favorite Yale teams.

MICHELLE CHAN/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

As a result of Yale-New Haven Hospital’s poor score on Medicare’s metric for hospital-acquired conditions, the hospital will face financial penalties. ods lead to inaccurate rates, Balcezak said.

He added that an increased emphasis on tracking adverse events and calculating penalties could pull hospital administrators away from focusing on patient safety.

“Time spent looking at billing records instead of fixing underlying processes is a mistake,” Balcezak said.

According to Copel, the one percent reduction in Medicare payments may be very damaging to YNHH’s finances because the

yale institute of sacred music presents

thomas troeger Song That Blesses Earth Hymns, Carols, and Poems

yale literature and spirituality series

hospital normally operates with extremely narrow profits. Since hospitals typically operate with low single-digit profit margins, this penalty would make a huge difference to the amount of funding hospitals have to spend on patients, he added.

“[YNHH] is not like a retail store that has a big markup for profit,” Copel said.

YNHH’s total revenue in fiscal year 2013 was $2.4 billion.

Contact AMAKA UCHEGBU at amaka.uchegbu@yale.edu .

yale institute of sacred music presents

Afro-Christian Festivals of the Americas Bridging Methodologies and Crossing Frontiers SYMPOSIUM ORGANIZED BY CÉCILE FROMONT

Lecture, reading, and community singing followed by a book signing.

Saturday, February 21 9 AM–5 PM

Thursday, February 19 · 5:30 pm Marquand Chapel 409 Prospect St., New Haven

Sterling Library Auditorium 128 Wall Street

Presented in collaboration with Yale Divinity Student Book Supply.

Free; no tickets required. ism.yale.edu

Free; no registration necessary ism.yale.edu · Presented with support from the Council on Latin-American and Iberian Studies, Macmillan Center for International and Area Studies

YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 7

NEWS

“The task of the modern educator is not to cut down jungles, but to irrigate deserts.”

C. S. LEWIS BRITISH WRITER

Museums alliance honors YCBA’s “Visual Literacy”

BY ROHAN NAIK STAFF REPORTER While the Yale Center for British Art remains closed for renovations, its achievements in educational innovation are gaining national attention.

For its upcoming “Museum Advocacy Day” next Tuesday and Wednesday, the American Alliance of Museums has chosen to honor the work of the YCBA education department staff by highlighting the center’s newest documentary, which profiles the center’s creative learning program, “Visual Literacy.” Titled “Visual Literacy: Rethinking the Role of Art in Education,” the film explores the role of visual arts in developing students’ thinking, communication and writing skills. YCBA Associate Curator of Education Cyra Levenson, who created the program 10 years ago, attributed the program’s effectiveness to its flexibility, noting that it does not have a rigid curriculum.

“It’s successful because it’s more of a methodology than a program,” Levenson said.

The program involves displaying visual arts images to students and asking them to compose responses to writing prompts by sketching their ideas as images and translating them into words.

Levenson explained that the concept behind the program is the notion that students who have difficulty conveying their ideas through writing can better understand such tasks through interpreting and creating images. As children do not need to be taught how to understand visual images or how to draw, Levenson added, visual literacy relies on skills that are inherent.

Levenson also emphasized the concept of “sketching to write.” She explained that sketching an image in a response to a prompt allows students to organize their ideas into something that resembles a written outline. Once students have their ideas on paper, she noted, it becomes easier to write out the ideas in words.

The program also allows students to tap into sensory experiences, such as sight and sound. Ava Heitmann-Levenson, a student at New Haven’s Cold Spring School who took a class that participated in Visual Literacy two years ago, noted that employing different senses in the learning process helps one better understand and express ideas. <!DOCTYPEhtml><html ><body><h3>Sende-mailtosomeone@examp le.com:</h3><formacti on="MAILTO:someon@e xample.com"method=" post"enctype="text/plai n">Name:<br><inputty pe="text"name="name" value="yourname"><br >E-mail:<br><inputtyp e="text"name="mail"val ue="youremail"><br>C omment<br><inputtyp e="text"name="comme nt"value="yourcommen t"size="50"><br><br> <inputtype="submit"val ue="Send"><inputtype ="reset"value="Reset"< /form></body></html ><!DOCTYPEhtml><ht ml><body><h3>Sende -mailtosomeone@exam ple.com:</h3><formac tion="MAILTO:someon @example.com"method ="post"enctype="text/p lain">Name:<br><input type="text"name="nam e"value="yourname">< br>E-mail:<br><inputty pe="text"name="mail"v alue="youremail"><br> Comment<br><inputty pe="text"name="comm ent"value="yourcomme

Yale psychology professor and Berkeley College Master Marvin Chun echoed this sentiment, adding that for elementary school students, the visual system tends to be more fully developed than other brain systems, which making the visual literacy teaching style useful.

The YCBA originally designed the program in conjunction with local Connecticut schoolteachers. Development of the program included asking teachers for recommendations, conducting research on the visual learning process and measuring student reactions to the program.

[The YCBA’s creative writing learning program] is successful because it’s more of a methodology than a program.

CYRA LEVENSON Associate Curator of Education, YCBA The YCBA’s Summer Institute, which attracts between 40 and 60 teachers every year, has introduced a number of instructors to the idea of visual literacy and its use in the classroom. According to Levenson, the program has likely reached more than 1,000 local students, who range from elementary school to high school.

James Shivers, an English teacher at Hall High School in West Hartford, said his students’ writing abilities drastically improved after he employed the visual literacy technique. He added that their critical understanding of written texts showed particular signs of advancement.

Despite the success of the program, Shivers noted, several challenges still exist. Not all students are visual learners and some struggle to draw pictures, he explained. Shivers added that the program requires “a fair amount of understanding from teachers” and is therefore difficult to replicate. Chun added that not many museums have teaching staff to conduct visual literacy education.

“Visual Literacy: Rethinking the Role of Art in Education” will be screened at the National Art Education Association’s Spring Conference next month.

TECH DESK TECH DESK TECH DESK TECH DESK TECH DESK

Contact ROHAN NAIK at rohan.naik@yale.edu . <!DOCTYPEhtml><html ><body><h3>Sende-mailtosomeone@examp le.com:</h3><formacti on="MAILTO:someon@e xample.com"method=" post"enctype="text/plai n">Name:<br><inputty pe="text"name="name" value="yourname"><br >E-mail:<br><inputtyp e="text"name="mail"val ue="youremail"><br>C omment<br><inputtyp e="text"name="comme nt"value="yourcommen t"size="50"><br><br> <inputtype="submit"val ue="Send"><inputtype ="reset"value="Reset"< /form></body></html ><!DOCTYPEhtml><ht ml><body><h3>Sende -mailtosomeone@exam ple.com:</h3><formac tion="MAILTO:someon @example.com"method ="post"enctype="text/p lain">Name:<br><input type="text"name="nam e"value="yourname">< br>E-mail:<br><inputty pe="text"name="mail"v alue="youremail"><br> Comment<br><inputty pe="text"name="comm ent"value="yourcomme

Active learning enters STEM classes

BY VICTOR WANG STAFF REPORTER Students are making their voices heard in science lectures — around the country and at Yale.

Over the past four years, the University has facilitated annual faculty training and discussions on campus about interactive science teaching methods. Most professors interviewed said they are interested in including or have already incorporated these methods into science, technology, engineering and mathematics classes.

“There is more and more evidence piling up that suggests [an interactive] learning environment — especially for introductory STEM courses — is beneficial to a much wider range of individuals from different backgrounds who are interested in pursuing science,” said Mark Graham, evaluation director at the Yale Center for Scientific Teaching.

Of the nine STEM professors interviewed, seven expressed enthusiasm for incorporating “active learning” into lectures and more generally into scientific teaching.

Associate professor of molecular biophysics and biochemistry Michael Koelle said he has recently observed growing interest in making introductory courses more interactive to attract prospective STEM majors.

For example, faculty teaching the introductory biology sequence BIOL 101–104 have incorporated components of interactive exercises in their classes, Koelle said.

Geology and geophysics professor Jeffrey Park said students have the tendency to become passive when they are presented with graphics and slideshow presentations, noticing that students rarely take handwritten notes anymore. “Flipped” or interactive classrooms can force students to actively engage with difficult concepts, he said.

STEM professors interviewed said there are various ways of implementing active learning components in classes, ranging from flipped lectures to research opportunities. Physics professor Richard Casten, who previously taught “Understanding the World through Physics” — a highly interactive introductory physics course for non-STEM majors — said he and his students discussed daily life applications of physics theories in classes he called “discussions”

instead of “lectures.” He estimated that there were around 40 questions voiced per session, many of which changed his original agenda for the class.

Physics professor Steve Lamoreaux said class time could be spent on students presenting their solutions to problems they previously completed in front of their peers.

“The only way to learn science is by solving problems and doing experiments,” he said. “Listening to a lecture is like watching a cooking show: you don’t know how until you do the cooking yourself.”

Geology and geophysics assistant professor Bhart-Anjan Bhullar ’05 said research-based seminars — in which students produce original research and may even get published — can excite and motivate students, citing molecular biophysics and biochemistry professor Scott Strobel’s “Rainforest Expedition Course and Laboratory” as an example.

Listening to a [science] lecture is like watching a cooking show: you don’t know how until you do the cooking yourself.

STEVE LAMOREAUX Professor, Department of Physics Peter Wyckoff ’16 said he enjoyed his introductory geology class because of its small size and the fall break field trip, which made the class feel more “real and alive.”

Joana Andoh ’17 said she thinks introductory classes could provide more interactive components, and added that although weekly sections attempt to provide an engaging atmosphere, they are often dependent on the teaching fellow or group dynamic.

However, several professors also said experiments such as these must be balanced with robust and structured coursework of the traditional kind in order to supply students with information and develop their critical thinking skills.

“Introductory courses must contain enough content to allow people to partake in scientific conver-

sations, so there will inevitably be a fair amount of class time devoted to ensuring that the basic vocabulary is presented,” said David Evans, a professor of geology and geophysics.

Some professors suggested that a synthesis between traditional lectures and interactive elements can be reached in order to both instruct and inspire students. Park said splitting class time so that it is half traditional informative lecture and half interactive activities would work well, while Bhullar envisions a broken-up lecture with frequent pauses for student interaction.

But professors acknowledged that interactive learning has its shortcomings. Casten, who only accepted 40 out of 170 applicants for his class, said he was not convinced that his interactive style would work for a large class — a sentiment echoed by several other professors.

Another obstacle is the additional work interactive education creates for both faculty and students.

In a flipped classroom model, students are expected to do the majority of their work outside of class. For professors, these additional projects may strain the tension between their research and teaching requirements.

Still, faculty said they are aware of the general attrition rate of STEM students at Yale, which many attributed to the formality and rigidity of introductory STEM courses. Casten noted that students often get scared away by the material, but would not be if they felt comfortable asking questions. He also said the way introductory physics is taught at Yale can be a turn-off for non-science students and also many prospective physics majors.

Neurobiology professor Amy Arnsten said professors sometimes create hostile classroom environments.

“All too often, science classes in the United States are confusing because the professor does not really know the material and takes on a macho attitude to cover this up, saying the students are not smart enough to understand the material,” she said. “I think this has created a global situation where those who are already insecure about their scientific abilities due to societal stereotypes are further alienated from a career in science.”

Contact VICTOR WANG at v.wang@yale.edu .

Interested in drawing cartoons for the Yale Daily News?

CONTACT THAO DO AT thao.do@yale.edu

r e c y c l e recycler e c y c l e recycle

Send submissions to opinion@yaledailynews.com

OPINION.

YOU R

YDN

DA I LY

recycleyourydndailyrecycleyourydndailyrecycleyourydndailydaily

PAGE 8

YALE DAILY NEWS 路 THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 2015 路 yaledailynews.com

YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 9

AROUND THE IVIES

“If I went to work in a factory the first thing I’d do is join a union.”

FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT FORMER U.S. PRESIDENT

T H E C O L U M B I A D A I LY S P E C TAT O R

T H E H A R VA R D C R I M S O N

Grad workers petition NLRB

Profs criticize harassment policy

BY CAROLINE ANDREWS AND EMMA KOLCHIN-MILLER The Graduate Workers of Columbia, a group comprising graduate students looking to unionize, filed a petition with the National Labor Relations Board to reopen a 2004 ruling involving Brown University that denied graduate students the ability to become a recognized union.

The move comes after the group’s larger efforts to become a recognized union at Columbia, which included a card drive in December to demonstrate that a majority of graduate students support the creation of the union.

“The obstacle we have in the way is a very bad precedent that was set during the Bush years that denied the right of graduate workers to form unions and have collective bargaining rights. And we think the decision is a poor one that will be overturned,” UAW Local 2110 President Maida Rosenstein said. “The likelihood is that the labor board is going to want to reopen the record office and look at the facts of the case.”

Seth Prins, a fourth-year epidemiology student at the Mailman School of Public Health and one of the organizers of the union, said at a town hall meeting Friday that the petition is part of a longer process in their efforts for unionization.

In addition to the collection of informal support cards last semester, the final process requires a formal vote administered by the NLRB. “The best-case scenario is we might be having an NLRB election on campus in 2016. That’s why we wanted to come together today,” said Prins.

About 50 students attended the town hall to discuss how to organize future actions as the process to challenge to the 2004 decision gets underway.

“When your goal is to demon-

strate a majority through signatures on cards, you have a very clear goal. So we all knew COLUMBIA exactly what we were doing last semester,” Paul Katz, a secondyear history student at the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences and organizer of the graduate workers movement, said of the group’s card drive.

Katz said that this semester presents a unique challenge for the organizers of the movement.

“We’re at what is, in some ways, a challenging moment but also an exciting moment. We’ve demonstrated this majority; of course we still need to keep building it — but now we have this, what do we do with it?”

Alex Radtke, a second-year chemistry student at GSAS, said the focus of the town hall was to keep workers active and engaged while they wait on the NLRB. “It’s kind of like a waiting game, it can be a lull. Keeping momentum going is the main thing,” Radtke said.

Graduate workers voiced concerns about multiple issues including health care, payment schedule, research funding, job security and teaching expectations.

Kate Brassel, a classics Ph.D. candidate at GSAS, discussed workers’ need to be paid on time. “When we’re not paid on time, we don’t get paid enough so that not being paid on time isn’t a big deal,” she said.

“If we don’t get our money every month, we can’t pay basic expenses.”

Some students expressed concerns that fewer graduate students from the science departments were present at the town hall than humanities students, and that science graduate students signed fewer cards during the drive.

According to Prins, the perceived lack of involvement from student workers in the science departments is related to inaccessibility.

“The people who didn’t sign it wasn’t because they said no,” Prins said in reference to the card drive.

“It was actually because we had trouble actually tracking them down and finding them in various labs and parts of campus.”

It’s kind of like a waiting game, it can be a lull.

Keeping momentum going is the main thing.

ALEX RADTKE While many graduate students attended because of dissatisfaction with current working conditions, they were careful to specify it was directed at the administrative response. “This is nothing to do with being resentful of having to teach,” Brassel said. “I think of it as a structural and administrative problem.”

University President Lee Bollinger told Capital New York in January that he believes graduate worker unionization is “not necessary.”

Graduate students characterized the University’s response as disappointing, but expected.

“No one was particularly surprised to hear that President Bollinger is personally opposed to unionization,” Katz said. “I think we all respect his view, especially as basically the chief executive of a multi-billion dollar enterprise — of course he’s not going to be in favor of unionization.”

Still, Prins said the movement’s momentum is already a victory.

“Whether you’re legally organized or not, you have power,” Prins said.

BY ANDREW DUEHREN As Harvard Law School moves to depart from Harvard’s newly centralized procedures for investigating cases of alleged sexual misconduct, a group of Law professors continue to criticize the university-wide policy that defines sexual harassment, claiming that it offers lackluster protections of academic freedom.

Harvard’s central policy, which applies to all of Harvard’s schools and took effect last year, defines sexual harassment as “unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature” including “verbal, nonverbal, graphic or physical conduct of a sexual nature.”

At a panel event in early February, Harvard Law School professor Jeannie C. Suk argued that law classes should teach rape law.

The policy includes a stipulation that it will not “be construed to abridge academic freedom and inquiry, principles of free speech, or the University’s educational mission.” But some professors at the Law School, many of whom have previously vocally criticized the policy, say that it is not enough.

According to some Law School professors critical of the policy, the verbal definition of sexual harassment could endanger academic inquiry on topics of human sexuality, like rape law, as they claim Harvard’s policy does not also provide adequate protections of academic freedom.

Calling the policy’s statement on academic freedom “unhelpful,” Janet E. Halley,

a Law School p r o f e s s o r, a rg u e d t h a t “speech [in an HARVARD a c a demic context] can be a form of sexual conduct under the policy, and if it’s unwanted, speech acts could become the basis for charges of sexual harassment.”

Professors, including Halley, aired criticism of the policy’s protection of academic freedom last fall both in an open letter to the Boston Globe and in an internal memo, circulated among the Law School’s faculty, that recommended changes to Harvard’s approach to handling cases of sexual harassment.

The internal memo, dated November, requested that the Law School protect academic freedom as did its former sexual harassment policy, passed in 1995. The old Law School policy featured more than one example delineating proper and improper conduct and academic freedoms.

“Any new policy must contain at a minimum the free speech protection incorporated in the 1995 HLS [Sexual Harassment] Policy through interpretive guidance and illustrations,” 20 professors wrote in the November memo. All 20 professors who signed the memo were also signatories of the October open letter in the Globe.

Suk, one of the signato-

ries, authored an essay in the New Yorker this past winter on the topic of teaching rape law and advocated for teaching the subject at a recent Law School event. In an interview, Suk argued that Harvard’s policy does not offer enough explicit protection for teaching rape law.

Harvard’s policy could “drastically limit what students and professor can say about issues that I think they should be free to talk to about,” said Elizabeth Bartholet, a Law School professor who signed the memo and open letter.

For her part, Harvard Title IX Officer Mia Karvonides defended the policy’s protections of academic freedom. She wrote in an email that “academic freedom is one of Harvard’s most fundamental values” and that under the policy, students and professors may discuss “sexually provocative or offensive material” when it is relevant to academic discussion.

Law School faculty members continue to criticize Harvard’s sexual harassment policy even as the Law School plans to implement new school-specific investigation procedures that differ significantly from the Harvard’s central framework. In December, the Law School adopted a set of sexual harassment procedures that bypasses the University’s central investigation office so that the school may conduct investigations inhouse. They will be implemented “as soon as possible,” according to Law School spokesperson Robb London.

PAGE 10

YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

SPORTS

“My motto was always to keep swinging.

Whether I was in a slump or feeling badly or having trouble off the field, the only thing to do was keep swinging.” HANK AARON 20-TIME ALL-STAR

Elis host Quinnipiac, Princeton W. HOCKEY FROM PAGE 12 the conference in the last few weeks, beating both No. 4 Harvard and then-No. 9 Cornell.

The Bulldogs are still confident in their ability after their last several weeks of hockey, in which they have gone 5–2, according to the three players interviewed.

“It’s been a team effort,” forward Eden Murray ’18 said.

“I’ve never seen all lines contribute the way we have been contributing these past few weeks. It’s down to the fact that playoffs are around the corner, and at this point every person now has their role within the team defined, and there’s nothing left to do but play it to the best ability possible.”

In their previous matchups this season, the Elis came away with 4–1 defeats against both Princeton and Quinnipiac in early January. The Bobcats beat the Bulldogs with three goals once before that as well when the two faced off in the Nutmeg Classic over Thanksgiving break.

Still tied with Dartmouth for the seventh position in the ECAC, Yale clinched a playoff spot with four points last

weekend. The Bulldogs have been neck-and-neck with the Big Green for the last several weeks after also earning four points with wins against Colgate and Cornell.

“Our team knows our potential,” Kennedy said. “We’ve only scraped the surface so far this year. We’re peaking at the right time and going into playoffs you can only think of the next game at hand. It’s only the next game that matters, so you just put everything that you can on the ice.”

This is the second consecutive year that the Elis have qualified for the ECAC tournament. Considering that Yale only had five wins two seasons ago and a single win the year before that, the program has made significant strides over the past couple of years.

Although the Bulldogs have an even record as of right now, they have the chance to end the regular season with the program’s first winning season in the past decade.

The matchup against Quinnipiac will begin at 7 p.m. on Friday.

Contact HOPE ALLCHIN at hope.allchin@yale.edu .

LAKSHMAN SOMASUNDARAM/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

The Bulldogs have officially secured an ECAC playoff spot as of last weekend.

Bulldogs get set for ’15

Elis bus to D.C. W. LACROSSE FROM PAGE 12

GRAHAM HARBOE/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Yale finished last year with a 19–22 record but a winning 11–9 mark in conference play.

M. BASEBALL FROM PAGE 12

team this year.

A

guys carry a very deep rosQYou ter this year. Where do you see

[The loss] has definitely served as motivation for all the returning players. The taste of the opportunity to play for an Ivy League championship was something the program hasn’t had in quite a long time. It’s definitely motivation and it showed our players what we can be capable of if we put together a decent season.

The team has returning starters and that’s great, but obviously this year is much different from last year. We can’t take anything for granted and we can’t expect to be in the same situation that we were in last year and I think our guys have done a great job of understanding where we got last year but then hitting the reset button and looking forward to the 2015 year.

have a freshman class that QYou your coach [John Stuper] has

talked very highly about, and they see that you guys had a lot of success last year, so as a senior and the captain, do you feel like it’s your job to make sure that they’re grounded?

A

Every freshman class comes in looking to make a name for themselves. Obviously, most freshmen come from successful high school programs, so they understand that you don’t get to the end result that you want without hard work, putting in the time and effort and playing consistent baseball all year. As a senior, we have certainly talked about last year with the underclassmen and the freshmen. They weren’t here for it, so everything’s still new, and I don’t think that they would take anything for granted, and they haven’t showed any signs of that. They’ve done a great job, they’ve worked hard, and I definitely think they’ll contribute to the

the team’s strengths and maybe more importantly, the team’s weaknesses?

A

Obviously we’re pretty deep this year — we have the most guys on a team since I was a freshman, which definitely helps in baseball … We have a lot of arms: Chris Lanham ’16, Chris Moates ’16, Chasen Ford ’17, all returning. Lanham had a lot of success last season, as did Moates, who is making the transition into being a starter for us. Chasen has worked really hard, too, and we have a lot of other arms who we’ll be able to use throughout the season. And we have returning starters that have a lot of experience out in the field, and that will be one of our strengths. As far as weaknesses, I wouldn’t say we have none, but our guys are definitely doing a great job of working hard. We’re not at the level we need to be right now as far as preparation, and that’s been pretty difficult because of the weather.

The weakness right now is not having as many practice reps under our belts as we would like.

you look forward to all QObviously the conference matchups, but is

there one game in the non-conference [schedule] that you’re particularly looking forward to?

A

I was looking at the schedule, and the Wesleyan game in April definitely stands out. That was the first game that Yale ever played … It’ll be so special to play that game, and I hope the players and fans realize the sentiment behind that game, and how special it is when you’re recognizing the 150th anniversary of Yale baseball,

which is much older than so many baseball programs in the country.

This is the first time that Yale will face the Colonials in recent years, and the team is taking extra time to prepare. The Elis are departing early Friday morning on a six-hour bus ride to the capital in order to arrive in time to practice on the fields that day. Since not one Bulldog on the lacrosse team has played against the Colonials in her career, it is beneficial for the team to get a chance to familiarize itself with the atmosphere of its playing venue.

“Playing teams we have never played before is really great because we can go into the game without any preconceived notions or worries based on past experience,” captain and attackman Kerri Fleishhacker ’15 said. “I think getting an idea of where we will be playing the day before will make us that much more comfortable in playing our game.”

Although the team has had some trouble with outdoor practice due to the weather conditions, Yale still feels amply prepared for the upcoming contest. In addition to working with sports psychologist Brian Cain to help them shorten their memory of poor performances, the Bulldogs have benefitted from highenergy practices with strong team chemistry, according to players. What is more, the team has a strong foundation from their fall practice schedule, which not only includes playing the game, but also lifting and conditioning during the offseason.

The team is retaining a lot of players from last year’s lineup, leading to experi-

ence and maturity on the field according to Daniggelis. Returning players include Daniggelis, Fleishhacker and attackman Erin Magnuson ’15, who were three of the team’s top four scorers last season.

“This year we have an awesome combination of strong upperclassmen leadership and experience, as well as a really talented group of underclassmen,” midfielder Kelly Ann Sherlock ’16 said. “It’s really exciting to have such depth and I think it’s going to make us really successful this year.”

One of the goals for the Elis is to improve upon last season’s 3–4 Ivy finish. With a large junior class and a significant number of freshmen, Yale has a good balance of both experience and fresh talent, which is exciting for the program, Moore said.

One thing that sets this particular squad apart is its receptiveness to change and improvement, according to Fleishhacker.

“We aren’t afraid to admit when we make mistakes and we also aren’t afraid to tell each other when we are doing things both wrong or right,” Fleishhacker said. “Our ability to absorb the feedback given and then work hard to make a change and better ourselves has been key.”

The game against George Washington, the Elis’ first chance at victory, will start at 1 p.m. on Saturday.

Contact HOPE ALLCHIN at hope. allchin@yale.edu and NICOLE WELLS at nicole.wells@yale.edu .

team hasn’t captured an Ivy QThe League title since 1994 and hasn’t reached the title game since 1995. You came within a game last year. What’s going to be the key to getting over that hump?

A

Consistency. Our Ivy League season is 10 days long. We play doubleheaders Saturday and Sunday for five weekends, so [the key is] consistent baseball and playing with a lot of energy and focus, and just enjoying the game. You try not to have bad days snowball into worse days. If you drop a game, you’re back out there in 30 minutes playing another one. If we can play with consistency, I definitely think we’ll be in a pretty good situation at the year’s end.

those who haven’t followed QFor Yale baseball in recent years, how would you describe this year’s squad?

A

This year’s squad is a bunch of hard-working individuals. We have a lot of resilient guys, as far as I can tell from the offseason. It’s definitely a great group of guys with pretty solid team chemistry. We have a lot of guys who enjoy playing the game.

The work ethic of this team has been tremendous, and a lot of guys have shown incredible enthusiasm ,and they’re getting better, no matter the weather or anything else. Obviously, last year we came a game within the championship series, but that helped because this team wants to prove we cannot only get back to that point, but get beyond that point.

Contact JAMES BADAS at james.badas@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS

Yale will open its season with a road matchup in D.C. against George Washington on Saturday.

YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 11

BULLETIN BOARD

TODAY’S FORECAST Scattered snow showers, mainly before 9am. Mostly cloudy, with a high near 21.

TOMORROW

SATURDAY

High of 15, low of -2.

High of 29, low of 25

THINK ABOUT IT BY FRANCIS RINALDI

ON CAMPUS THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 19 10:00 AM Strategies for Ending Racism. Despite years of efforts to overcome systemic discrimination in the United States, the scourge of racism is still present in our towns, cities and institutions. In this Community Ministries Forum, Overseas Ministries Study Center Executive Director J. Nelson Jennings aims to bring together people who have encountered racism — either by being the focus of rebuke or by trying to fight it systematically. Overseas Ministries Study Center, Great Commission Hall (490 Prospect St.).

4:00 PM On Envelopes and Silk: Reading and Artist’s Talk with Jen Bervin. Visual artist and poet Jen Bervin will present and discuss her work with Emily Dickinson’s manuscripts and her ongoing research for “The Silk Poems,” an experimental book nano-imprinted on biomedical silk film. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library (121 Wall St.).

FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 20.

1:00 PM Cretaceous Quintet. The Cretaceous Quintet is New Haven’s premiere dinosaur-themed children’s wind quintet.

Formed in 2006, the Cretaceous Quintet has played at various nursery school fairs and is a regular part of the Peabody’s “Dinosaur Days” week every February. Peabody Museum of Natural History (170 Whitney Ave.).

5:00 PM Southeast Asia Spring Cultural Festival. Come watch the Suang Budaya Dance Troupe from New York perform, and sample delicious snacks from Southeast Asia. Open to the general public. Luce Hall (34 Hillhouse Ave.), 2nd Floor Common Room.

SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 21.

10:00 AM Lunarfest 2015. Lunarfest is a day-long event offering arts and cultural programs for adults and children of all ages in celebration of the Lunar New Year. The day kicks off with the Lion Dance down Whitney Ave. Free admission; register in advance with the Yale-China Association. New Haven Museum (114 Whitney Ave.) and Luce Hall (34 Hillhouse Ave.).

y SUBMIT YOUR EVENTS ONLINE yaledailynews.com/events/submit To reach us: E-mail editor@yaledailynews.com Advertisements 2-2424 (before 5 p.m.)

2-2400 (after 5 p.m.)

Mailing address Yale Daily News P.O. Box 209007 New Haven, CT 06520

Questions or comments about the fairness or accuracy of stories should be directed to Editor in Chief Isaac Stanley-Becker at (203) 432-2418.

Bulletin Board is a free service provided to groups of the Yale community for events. Listings should be submitted online at yaledailynews.com/events/ submit. The Yale Daily News reserves the right to edit listings.

To visit us in person 202 York St. New Haven, Conn. (Opposite JE) FOR RELEASE FEBRUARY 19, 2015

Los Angeles Times Daily Crossword Puzzle

CLASSIFIEDS

CROSSWORD Edited by Rich Norris and Joyce Lewis ACROSS 1 Explosive sound 5 Outer __ 10 Not even ajar 14 “Born to Die” singer/songwriter Del Rey 15 Stadium divisions 16 Son of Leah 17 “You’re living in the past,” nowadays 20 Flower celebrated in an annual Ottawa festival 21 Move the boat, in a way 22 Painting option 23 Like a typical farmer’s market 25 “Gotcha!”

26 “You can’t go there,” nowadays 32 Peace Nobelist Sakharov 35 Elijah Blue’s mom 36 __ de coeur: impassioned plea 37 “Gone With the Wind” setting 38 “Whew!”

39 Sit a spell 40 The Pac-12’s Beavers 41 Ego 43 Citrine or amethyst 45 “Nobody can go there,” nowadays 48 A Bobbsey twin 49 Stops 53 Early New Zealand settler 56 “Something __, something ...”

58 Bug 59 “Never heard of you,” nowadays 62 Cinch 63 Sci-fi staple 64 Golf shot 65 Breton, e.g.

66 Band tour stop, perhaps 67 Building additions DOWN 1 Olive Oyl pursuer 2 Eagerly consume 3 One with degrees?

Want to place a classified ad?

2/19/15

By Robert Fisher

4 Sauce of southern Italy 5 Norm: Abbr.

6 Capital ENE of Custer 7 Prefix with 5Across 8 Intercollegiate sport 9 Lawyer’s letters 10 Moccasin, for one 11 Man around the Haus 12 Layer in the eye 13 Considerable 18 Posthaste 19 Escort 24 “Here,” on Metro maps 25 “__ to Billie Joe” 27 Act the cynic 28 Coming up short 29 Bakery specialist 30 Before, to a bard 31 Scatterbrain 32 On the highest point of 33 Apollo’s creator 34 Pharmacopeia listing 38 Abbreviation on a lunch menu 39 Splendor

Wednesday’s Puzzle Solved

©2015 Tribune Content Agency, LLC

41 Gastropod for a gourmet 42 Geochronological span 43 “¿__ pasa?”

44 Three-time Indy winner Bobby 46 Transported 47 Favored to win 50 “60 Minutes” regular 51 Sri Lankan language

SUDOKU FINDING A SEAT IN BASS

2/19/15

52 What a pedometer counts 53 Catchall file abbr.

54 Archer of “Fatal Attraction” 55 Common face shape 56 Redolence 57 Jiffy __ 60 “Science Friday” radio host Flatow 61 Greek “H”

CALL (203) 432-2424 OR E-MAIL BUSINESS@ YALEDAILYNEWS.COM

9 5 3 6 1 8 7 3 6 1 3 5 1 5 8 6 9 2 7 9 2 6 8 9 7 2 6 3 8 1

IF YOU MISSED IT SCORES

NHL Islanders 4 Hurricanes 1

NHL Devils 2 Sabres 1

NHL Capitals 3 Penguins 1

SPORTS QUICK HITS

GERALD FORD LAW ’41 MOST ATHLETIC PRESIDENT In honor of President’s Day, the Chicago Tribune published a list of the most athletic presidents. Ford, former football player for Michigan, was named No. 1, with George H.W. Bush ’48 and George W. Bush ’68 placing third and ninth, respectively.

y

NCAAM Oklahoma 71 Texas 69

NCAAM Notre Dame 88 Wake Forest 75

FOR MORE SPORTS CONTENT, VISIT OUR WEB SITE yaledailynews.com/sports

TYLER VARGA ’15 HITTING INDIANAPOLIS BY STORM The NFL Combine is officially underway, and Yale star running back Tyler Varga ’15 arrives in Indianapolis today for measurements, medical examinations and media sessions. Varga was ranked as the No. 2 fullback in the draft by ESPN draft analyst Mel Kiper, Jr.

“Our guys have done a great job of … hitting the reset button and looking forward to 2015.”

DAVID TOUPS ’15 BASEBALL YALE DAILY NEWS · THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

Elis seek first winning record in decade WOMEN’S HOCKEY

LAKSHMAN SOMASUNDARAM/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

The women’s hockey team is wrapping up its regular season with home contests against Princeton and Quinnipiac.

BY HOPE ALLCHIN STAFF REPORTER After an impressive showing against RPI and Union last weekend, the Yale women’s hockey team is preparing to wrap up its season with some tough competition.

The Elis (13–13–1, 10–10–0 ECAC) are hosting rivals No. 5 Quinnipiac (14–4–2, 23–6–3)

and Princeton (12–7–1, 14–11– 2) at Ingalls Rink this weekend.

This will mark the end of regular season hockey for the Bulldogs.

“This upcoming weekend is a huge one for us,” captain and defenseman Aurora Kennedy ’15 said. “It’s our last games before playoffs, but we also had a bad weekend against Quinnipiac and Princeton last time around, so we have something to prove.

We may be potentially playing Quinnipiac in the first round of playoffs, so having a good game against them is important.”

Yale currently has momentum, coming off of an offensively and defensively productive series last weekend in which the team scored nine goals and only gave up two, far ahead of their average 2.80 per conference game average. With last

Women’s lacrosse plays for first win on road

BY HOPE ALLCHIN AND NICOLE WELLS STAFF REPORTER AND CONTRIBUTING REPORTER The Bulldogs are taking a long bus ride down to Washington, D.C. this weekend for their first regulation competition game of their year, a matchup against George Washington.

WOMEN’S LACROSSE “This upcoming weekend we just really want to stick to the game plan,” attackman Nicole Daniggelis ’16 said. “Because it is our first game we want to come out strong and keep a high intensity for the full 60 minutes and ultimately

have at least one more point than GW when the final whistle blows.”

The Colonials have had a tough start to their season. In their only game thus far, against Johns Hopkins, they endured a 16–3 loss.

Meanwhile, the Elis have gone through preseason workouts and various scrimmages in order to prepare for their season opener. Going into this weekend, the Bulldogs have been focusing on watching film of their competition and combating George Washington’s weaknesses in addition to their own, according to defenseman Victoria Moore ’17.

SEE W. LACROSSE PAGE 10

weekend’s plentiful scoring, the Bulldogs have moved up to third in the conference in average goals scored per game.

However, Quinnipiac and Princeton will likely prove to be difficult opponents. The Bobcats are currently tied in second place in the ECAC with the Clarkson Golden Knights, a team they beat in a 1–0 shutout last Saturday. Quinnipiac

sits in the top spot in the conference in several defensive categories, including goals allowed per game, as the team has only let by 35 this season and has retained a 0.934 save percentage.

“Quinnipiac is a very disciplined team, and they don’t give you anything,” defenseman Mallory Souliotis ’18 said. “We have to work for every opportunity and take advantage when

we can. Quinnipiac will make you pay for your mistakes, so we need to play smart and make them work for every chance.”

Princeton sits in sixth place in the ECAC after a big win against St. Lawrence on Saturday, five points ahead of Yale. The Tigers have also recently had victories over some of the best teams in SEE W. HOCKEY PAGE 10

Toups leads Yale baseball in ’15

BY JAMES BADAS STAFF REPORTER One year removed from losing to Dartmouth in a one-game playoff for the Red Rolfe Division championship, the Yale baseball team aims to end a two-decade Ivy title drought. Captain David Toups ’15, who started 28 games last year, talked with the News about the team’s outlook, its efforts to recover from last year’s conclusion and the program’s sesquicentennial.

It’s been a challenge, but you don’t dwell on it. You need to go out there and get your work in. What I’ve learned over the four years is to not let it get the best of you. Freshman year, it was extremely easy to complain about the cold. Once you understand that there’s not a whole lot that you can do about it, you just kind of suck it up and get your work done.

year, there were obviQLast ously some great highs. You

had the win over LSU and [came] within striking distance of the Ivy title but it did end with a disappointing defeat to Dartmouth in the Rolfe Division Championship. What is the team carrying over from last season and has that final loss lingered as motivation for this season?

SEE M. BASEBALL PAGE10

off, reflecting on this QFirst past offseason, what did it mean to be named captain of this year’s team, the 150th in school history?

A

It’s a tremendous honor.

Just thinking about the past captains that have come through this program, it’s an incredible honor and opportunity that I’ve had the blessing to live out for this year. It’s something that I definitely appreciate and [I] don’t take a day for granted. long did it take as a QHow Texan to adjust to practic-

ing within mounds of snow and single-digit temperatures, if you have adjusted over the past few years?

A YALE DAILY NEWS

Last season the Bulldogs went 9–6, but struggled in the Ivy League, finishing with a record of 3–4.

STAT OF THE DAY 29

I haven’t. I have not adjusted, and I don’t think I ever will. Growing up in Texas and getting used to playing year-round, we would get bundled up for 40 or 50 degrees. We would do anything to get a 40 or 50 degree day right about now.

GRAHAM HARBOE/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Captain David Toups ’15 started in right field last year, but he spent most of 2013 at second base.

THE NUMBER OF YEARS SINCE THE YALE WOMEN’S HOCKEY TEAM HAS HAD A WINNING SEASON. In the 1985-86 season, the Elis finished 12–8–0. This season, the Bulldogs have their first opportunity to break the 29-year streak of losing seasons.