Today's Paper

NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2014 · VOL. CXXXVII, NO. 19 · yaledailynews.com

INSIDE THE NEWS MORNING EVENING

SUNNY CLEAR

69 49

CROSS CAMPUS

FIELD HOCKEY DISAPPOINTING WEEKEND FOR ELIS

EDUCATION

EUROPE

Common Core standards remain controversial in gubernatorial election

COMMISION LEADER TALKS NEW WORLD ORDER

PAGE 12 SPORTS

PAGE 3 CITY

PAGE 3 UNIVERSITY

Postcards expand outreach

Workers question CSC safety

alone, Yale admissions officers will be visiting high schools in Northern California, Illinois, Japan, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Rhode Island, Texas, Wisconsin and the United Kingdom.

BY RISHABH BHANDARI STAFF REPORTER

It is not Easter. The Boola is inexplicably advertising its online paper with Easter eggs spread across campus.

conditions and job preservation.

Many other Yale Dining workers have also voiced their discontent through the Local 35 union, which represents the University’s bluecollar workers.

Injuries in dining services are not entirely uncommon. Still, workers fear that moving to the CSC

By the end of September, roughly 20,000 high school seniors from across the nation will receive a postcard from Yale with information on the University’s financial aid program and instructions on how students can waive application fees.

Although the Undergraduate Admissions Office first sent similar postcard to highachieving low-income students in the summer of 2013, the program has expanded this year to include an additional round of mailings and a personal letter written by a Yale College senior. Based on the success of last year’s postcard initiative, admissions officers interviewed said they expect this year’s mailings will help encourage more students from less affluent neighborhoods to apply to the University.

“This initiative is a way of targeting a message at a group that we’ve not really been able to target before,” said Mark Dunn, assistant director of admissions.

Dean of Undergraduate Admissions Jeremiah Quinlan said the admissions office has made diversifying the University’s applicant pool and growing the number of highachieving low-income students a key priority for a number of years.

But these students are often the least likely to apply because of significant information barriers, according to Amin Abdul-

SEE CSC PAGE 6

SEE POSTCARDS PAGE 7

The origins of elitism. The

Cincinnati Yale Club, the first Yale Club ever founded, turned 150 this year. Its celebratory festivities were held this past weekend.

Yale bubble forever! The main

Books for smart people. Two

books written by faculty are being awarded the Phi Beta Kappa Awards in Science — “Einstein and the Quantum: The Quest of the Valiant Swabian” by A. Douglas Stone and “Ginkgo: The Tree That Time Forgot” by Peter Crane. Stone is the chair of the Applied Physics Department and Crane is the junior dean of the School of Forestry & Environmental studies.

The winning title will be announced on Oct. 1.

Enterovirus in CT? One case of Enterovirus D68 was confirmed at the Yale-New Haven Hospital last week.

The virus causes mild to severe respiratory illness, so infected children could display common cold symptoms or experience more severe trouble breathing.

Back to school. The Yale-

New Haven Hospital donated 10,000 pens, pencils, notebooks, backpacks and other supplies to the Lincoln-Bassett School in the Newhallville neighborhood.

Winner winner. Chinedum Osuji, associate professor of chemical and environmental engineering, received a Dillon Medal from the American Physical Society in the division of polymer physics.

The $10,000 idea. A team

from the Yale Center for Scientific Teaching Summer Institute won an America Competes Act Challenge for devising strategies to improve fairness in peer reviews for scientific papers. The group, which included faculty members Kaury Kucera, Helen Caines, Ramamurti Shanker, Brett Berke and Rona Ramos, received $10,000 from the National Institutes of Health.

THIS DAY IN YALE HISTORY

1960 Freshmen are left to starve during the move of the freshman buttery from Connecticut Hall to Durfee.

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Debate erupts over eligibility of student members PAGE 5 CITY

World domination. This week

“Welcome to NYC” event for Yale graduates in the city was hosted on Monday. Fresh off the New Haven Metro-North line, new residents gathered at the rooftop dining room of the Yale Club of NYC.

ALDERMEN

LARRY MILSTEIN/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

The safety concerns arose as a result of Yale Dining’s recent move to a more centralized distribution center.

BY MATTHEW LLOYD-THOMAS AND LARRY MILSTEIN STAFF REPORTERS As Yale Dining workers and University administrators discuss concerns about the relocation of certain dining services to the new Culinary Support Center, some dining employees are also expressing unease about their chances of

being injured on the job.

At the start of the semester, the University moved cold food production to the CSC in an effort to increase efficiency. In the wake of the move, Silliman chef Stuart Comen submitted a letter in the form of a paid advertisement to the News expressing dissatisfaction with the CSC on many counts, including food quality, working

iPhone 6 inspires brawl on Broadway

BY MAREK RAMILO AND J.R. REED STAFF REPORTERS Three days after the iPhone 6’s muchanticipated release, tensions between customers in line at the Apple Store on 65 Broadway Ave. boiled over into a brawl on Monday morning.

Store managers have phoned several times to report fights and ill-behaved line waiters.

DAVID HARTMAN Spokesman, New Haven Police Department At 9:55 a.m., officers from the Yale and New Haven police departments arrived at the Apple Store after employees reported a fight amongst individuals outside the store. They soon found that the confrontation had developed into a large brawl involving more than a dozen people. Police arrested three individuals on charges of disorderly conduct, interfering with police and breach of peace. One man involved was treated for a minor cut on his forehead and has since been released from the hospital.

A 64-year-old woman, and two men ages 38 and 51, were arrested. The two men live in New York’s Chinatown neighborhood, while the woman resides in nearby Hamden, Conn.

Both departments have maintained a presence in the area since Apple released its latest iPhone model on Sept. 19. Simultaneously, stores nationwide began allowing customers to form lines for their turn to purchase the device. Before Monday’s incident, police had dealt with smaller disputes in the line outside the store, according to NHPD spokesman David Hartman.

SEE APPLE STORE PAGE 4

Yale recognized by Working Mothers

BY SARA SEYMOUR AND JULIA SHAN CONTRIBUTING REPORTERS For the fifth year in a row, Yale was named one of the 100 best companies to work for by Working Mother magazine.

Yale was the only university in America to make this year’s top 100 list. According to the magazine’s website, the percentage of women in managing positions at the University, the percentage of women hired, the amount of paid parental leave and the ability to make one’s schedule more flexible were all factors that impacted Working Mother’s selection of Yale. Though professors and staff members interviewed agreed that Yale has relatively progressive policies regarding parental leave and childcare, they added that it is still challenging to balance career and family on the Yale campus.

Divinity school professor John Pittard said Yale’s Graduate School of Arts and Sciences in particular has a “very generous leave program for new parents.”

Pittard, whose two children were born while he was a graduate student at Yale, said he took a semester of “parental support and relief” funding after the birth of each child. “[The policy] allowed me to stay at home as a primary care provider without losing my graduate school funding and with the understanding that childcare would for a time have priority over progress towards my degree,” he said. “It is an incredibly generous policy.”

It is an incredibly generous policy.

JOHN PITTARD Professor, Yale Divinity School According to the magazine, the average length of paid maternity leave at Yale in 2013 is 10 weeks, while the average length of paid paternity leave is 8 weeks.

Still, Yale’s policies toward new parents vary at each level of the Uni-

WORKING MOTHER MAGAZINE

A major factor in Yale’s positive review in Working Mother magazine was the University’s relatively generous maternity leave policies. versity.

A tenure or tenure-track professor, for example, can be relieved of teaching duties without loss of salary or benefits for an entire academic semester occurring within the first year after the birth or adoption of a child.

Faculty members more generally are eligible for a semester of unpaid child-rearing leave upon request, while research faculty and postdoctoral appointees are eligible for paid parental leave of up to eight weeks.

Managerial and professional workers — which include nonacademic administrators — can get paid parental leave for two weeks, beyond which they can use their accrued paid time off. Pregnant managerial and professional workers may also use paid short-term disability leave for up to eight weeks after delivery, after which they will be paid only 60 percent of their salary.

On the other hand, there are no SEE WOMEN PAGE 6

PAGE 2

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

OPINION

.COMMENT “Most sexual assault stories I've heard at Yale were crimes of opportunity, not the kind yaledailynews.com/opinion

Yale’s low ranking T

he past year’s headlines tell us that Yale is making strides in increasing accessibility for lowincome students — President Salovey announced a series of recruitment initiatives after meeting with the White House in January, the admissions office sent a postcard advertising financial aid policies to low-income students and the Freshman Scholars at Yale summer program was brought back for a second year.

Still, a New York Times analysis of the country’s most economically diverse top colleges released on Sept. 8 indicates Yale is behind its peer institutions on accessibility. The Times ranked colleges based on an index that took into account multiple factors, including the percentage of students receiving Pell Grants, the average cost for low to middle income students and endowment per student. Even though Yale’s endowment per student was second only to Princeton, we ranked much lower on overall accessibility, behind the entire Ivy League, Stanford and MIT. If Yale wants to keep up with its peer institutions on low-income accessibility, the University must continue making changes.

AS WE ADVERTISE OUR EFFORTS TO RECRUIT LOW-INCOME STUDENTS, LET'S ALSO MAKE STRIDES TO DIVERSIFY OUR STUDENT BODY To be clear, the percentage of students on Pell Grants is by no means a perfect measure of economic diversity.

To receive these grants, students must be American citizens or permanent residents, meaning that the percentage of eligible Yale students receiving Pell Grants is slightly higher than the figure reported by the Times.

(Of course, many of the institutions with higher percentages of students receiving Pell Grants also boast large, ineligible international populations.) Looking solely at Pell Grants also does not allow for examination of socioeconomic diversity among those families earning just above

DIANA ROSEN Looking Left

30 years together

the income cutoff for grant eligibility. Still, Pell Grants seem to be the best ava i l a b l e m e t r i c by which to evaluate such a large number of col-

leges.

According to the Times, 17 percent of students at Harvard, MIT and Brown are receiving Pell Grants. This figure drops to 16 percent at Columbia, Penn and Cornell, 15 percent at Stanford and 13 percent at Dartmouth, Princeton and Yale. Yale, however, ranked lower overall because its average cost for low to middle income students is $7,700 while Dartmouth and Princeton’s costs are $4,900 and $5,400, respectively.

Something important to keep in mind with all of these statistics is that none of the schools on the list come close to replicating actual American income distribution in their populations. The college with the highest percentage of Pell Grant recipients, Susquehanna University, only comes in at 25 percent. Yale can do better on increasing its economic diversity, and so can many colleges in this country.

But if Yale wants to demonstrate its loudly voiced commitment to expanding accessibility for low-income students, the University needs to start acting more aggressively to do so. According to Jeremiah Quinlan, dean of undergraduate admissions, applications from low-income students grew at three times the rate of overall applications for the Class of 2018.

Still, only 14 percent of students in the Class of 2018 are eligible for Pell Grants — which is lower than the percentage at peer institutions.

Efforts to economically diversify the student body must come on both the recruitment and admissions fronts.

Members of the Yale Class of 2019 are in the process of submitting their applications right now. Hopefully the admissions office’s decisions will come along with increased economic diversity in the College. We have surpassed our peer institutions on all sorts of college ranking lists; there’s no reason why a low-income accessibility list can’t be added to the collection.

ANNELISA LEINBACH/ILLUSTRATIONS EDITOR

T

his week marks the 30th anniversary of Local 34’s struggle to win a first contract. The 2,600 clerical and technical employees had voted to form a union in 1983, and through difficult negotiations were seeking to improve lives that depended on poverty wages.

The negotiations sparked a campus-wide debate about justice for working people, and especially women workers, who at the time earned 59 cents on the dollar compared to their male counterparts. The Local 34 contract campaign was a signal moment in a nationwide movement to bring millions of women out of the shadows and into the mainstream economy.

Amidst the uncertainty and turmoil of the times, Yale clerical and technical workers found support for our struggle throughout the Yale community and across the city of New Haven. At the same time, we knew we could always look in one direction for rock-solid support: our sisters and brothers in Local 35.

During our years of organizing efforts to win our union, Local 35 was a constant presence. Whether it was the members’ willingness to spend hours talking with us about the value

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of a union, or their historic vote to raise their dues to support our organizing drive, or their courage to stand up with us during that challenging strike to win our first contract, Local 35 never wavered in sending a clear message to the Administration that Locals 34 and 35 could not be divided and that solidarity was not just a paper concept. It was about people standing together for respect.

Over years of difficult bargaining, protest and public debate, the members of both locals moved forward economically. By 2003, the University Administration and Locals 34 and 35 found a different way to work together. For the past decade, working in a union job at Yale has looked different than it did in 1984, when clerical and technical employees received an average 35 percent raise over five years. Just a decade ago, most workers made less than $20 per hour. Now more than 90 percent of Local 34 members are above that benchmark. Recent workplace conflicts have been resolved as often through collaborative problem-solving with management as through public strife.

But this year, students have been greeted upon their return

to campus with leaflets from members of Local 35 and news reports of an unfair labor practice complaint against the University. The Administration has created a centralized Culinary Support Center for the preparation of cold foods. Where pantry workers used to prepare all salads fresh on site, students and faculty are now being served pre-cut and bagged produce, pasta salads that have been soaking in marinade and drying up for a day and fruit that now arrives in a small truck in white painters’ buckets.

Local 35’s chefs and other dining hall staff are spreading the word that this move is a step in the wrong direction – away from sustainable, fresh, scratch cooking back toward a model of frozen, pre-packaged produce and meals. It is also a step away from the University’s commitment to good jobs and a productive labor-management partnership.

The creation of Yale’s sustainable food program allowed workers to learn real cooking skills and advance in their jobs. The creation of the CSC moves away from that model. Already, some workers have been reclassified, their job responsibilities shifting from preparing fresh food to taking out the trash. Over time,

the University plans to eliminate head pantry worker positions in Dining Services through attrition. These are the leaders of the dining hall prep teams, and the position is an important step on the career ladder for people looking to improve their skills and take on responsibility. The net result will be fewer opportunities for New Haven residents to get good jobs, for existing staff to grow in those jobs and a diminishment in the quality of food.

It’s unfortunate that the Administration has chosen to proceed this way. But as our union celebrates a proud history this week, in which Local 35’s solidarity has been central to all of our progress, I’d like to express that we stand with Local 35 100 percent. We won’t be divided when it comes to dignity in the workplace. We’ve moved forward together for 30 years, and we’re together in the struggle to preserve the good jobs we deserve and the best campus dining system in the country for the students we serve.

LAURIE KENNINGTON is the president of Local 34 UNITE HERE, the union of clerical and technical workers at Yale. Contact her at kennington@yaleunions.org .

Malloy’s desperate moves

DIANA ROSEN is a junior in Pierson College. Her columns run on Tuesdays. Contact her at diana.rosen@yale.edu .

Editorial: (203) 432-2418 editor@yaledailynews.com Business: (203) 432-2424 business@yaledailynews.com

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Daniel Weiner

'2015' ON 'SMOKE AND MIRRORS POLICY'

GUE ST COLUMNIST LAURIE KENNINGTON

T EDITOR IN CHIEF Julia Zorthian

of stranger encounters...depicted in the media.”

he Mass had just ended. I had already moved on to contemplating Sunday brunch options. But don’t leave just yet, the priest suddenly exclaimed. We’ve got a special guest!

Before I could make a beeline for the holy water, Connecticut Gov. Dan Malloy comes darting toward the pulpit. What followed next was a brief bio, with references to political positions omitted. A word about growing up in a Catholic home and delivering a eulogy. Something about how good it was to see everyone today. A passing mention to the other Masses he’s off to after this one.

Goodness, I’m thinking. Several Masses in one day? Why would you go to more than one?

Maybe he missed a few Sundays and he’s trying to make up for them on this early September morning — but it doesn’t really work that way. Maybe the man just really loves communing at Christ’s table — practically a saint! Oh, wait. He’s up for reelection this year.

A few more words and he stepped away, en route to church number two. The congregation clapped politely. Never mind that he had just turned a religious gathering — whether the parishioners liked it or not — into a political one. Never mind that his political record points

to deliberate disregard for Catholic teaching. Never m i n d , because the damJOHN had AROUTIOUNIAN age b e e n d o n e .

Johnny Come W h a t d a m a ge ?

Lately C l a p ping is like smiling. Even if you do it out of politeness, the very action reinforces positive feelings. You clap, and you might approve of the speaker just a little bit more — maybe enough to check his name at the ballot box, especially if you’ve got absolutely nothing on the other names.

Dan Malloy is running for reelection against Republican Tom Foley, a moderate who’s also served as U.S. Ambassador to Ireland. Four years ago, Malloy edged out Foley in one of the closest races in state history after some late ballots came in from Bridgeport. It’s understandable why Malloy’s getting desperate: the polls show him losing. The church blitz may not be illegal or unconstitutional. But it is mighty unsavory. Candidate forums and speeches at churches have been pretty common in

American politics, but usually parishioners get a chance to react in real time. Not here. No question time. No meet-and-greet afterwards. Just the speech, then obligatory applause.

And in case you too were a victim of the Malloy stump speech while trying to say your prayers, here’s a snippet from his relevant political record: He’s called for Pope Francis to change “just about everything” in the Church. His stances and statements on abortion are to the left of even pro-choice Democrats like Joe Biden. And, perhaps most importantly, he appointed a state senator to the Connecticut Supreme Court who in 2009 proposed a bill to take away the Catholic Church’s power over the budgetary decisions its own parishes made. It was universally regarded as a direct attack on the Church’s constitutional rights.

All this from the man who’s been called “America’s progressive governor” in these very pages. I’d like to believe I’m for progress, too, without supporting a far-left agenda out of step with most voters across the country. And that’s not to discount the positive achievements in Connecticut during Malloy’s tenure. But they’ve been few and far between, as his poll numbers — and the public’s views on the condition of the state — attest.

In 2011, Malloy passed the larg-

est tax increase in Connecticut’s history, amounting to $1.5 billion in hikes on income and various sales and service taxes in the midst of an economic recovery. Gallup found that 49 percent of Connecticut residents want to leave the state, second only to Illinois. Public sector liabilities remain tremendously high, with little improvement in public schools to show for it and low job growth again in 2014 to pay for it.

And who’s forgotten his 2011 executive orders to unionize day and home care workers subsidized by the state? It was widely opposed by recipients of care, and the U.S. Supreme Court ruled this summer in favor of two employees in Illinois who didn’t want to pay union dues by stating that these workers were exempt from such fees.

It all makes sense, though, since Malloy has been governing in machine politician, youscratch-my-back-I’ll-scratchyours style, every chance he’s gotten.

None of this is to tell you who to vote for. It’s just to tell you what Governor Malloy, standing at the pulpit week after week, won’t.

JOHN AROUTIOUNIAN is a senior in Jonathan Edwards College.

His columns run on alternate Tuesdays. Contact him at john.aroutiounian@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 3

NEWS

“The most powerful force ever known on this planet is human cooperation — a force for construction and destruction.”

JONATHAN HAIDT PSYCHOLOGIST, NEW YORK UNIVERSITY

At SOM, Barroso talks new world order

BY TYLER FOGGATT STAFF REPORTER When President of the European Commission José Manuel Barroso began his talk about his vision for global governance — which he calls “a new world order” — on Monday, he retold a famous story about Gandhi.

When asked by a journalist for his thoughts on Western civilization, Gandhi once responded, “I think it would be a good idea.”

“Today when you hear someone discussing new world order, you may be forgiven for thinking ‘World order, that’s a good idea as well,’” Barroso said.

Barroso — who is now completing his 10th year as President of the European Commission — leads the executive branch of the EU, making him the most powerful officeholder in the entire organization. He presented his lecture “Europe in the New World Order” to an audience of roughly 300 people in the Yale School of Management’s Zhang Room on Monday afternoon.

His talk was followed by a short question-and-answer session.

While reflecting upon the transformations and crises experienced by the EU during his two terms, Barroso stressed his conviction that countries within the EU and beyond must cooperate to create a new world order in a world of disorder, and that this world order must be based upon principles of freedom, justice, rule of law and solidarity.

Political institutions and economic systems across the globe are under very strong pressure.

JOSE MANUEL BARROSO President, European Commission Barroso spoke extensively about the importance of political and social institutions adapting themselves to the complex and changing global environment.

Institutions are here to help us, Barroso said, and when circumstances change, institutions need to change as well.

“Around the world, we see a double gap emerging between governance and the governed, society and the elites,” Barroso said. “Political institutions and economic systems across the globe are under very strong pressure.”

To give an example of polit-

ANNELISA LEINBACH/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

President of the European Comission Jose Barroso pointed to organizations like the G-20 as good models for global economic and regulatory cooperation. ical institutions adapting in accordance with the needs of the people, Barroso spoke about the emergence of the Group of Twenty, or G-20, a financial and political forum for the governments of twenty different economies.

Barroso said country leaders met during the financial crisis in October 2008 to create this significant innovation of the global system, recognizing that the need for openness and a truly global response is more obvious than ever before.

“G-20 has become the premier framework for balance, a forum for financial regulation and supervision — issues that before [could not] be discussed globally at all,” Barroso said. “However, I believe it’s not

enough.”

Though he acknowledged that people question whether an organization like the EU is really necessary, he said the EU helps countries work together to address issues of common concern.

Barroso used issues including economic competition, the conflict with Ukraine and Russia, taxation and climate change — which he said is by its nature a very global problem — to emphasize his belief that countries truly are stronger together than they are alone, and that cooperation will help guarantee stability.

According to Barroso, countries can only succeed through global cooperation when dealing with such issues. Governments

Connecticut healthcare exchange takes off

BY PETER HUANG CONTRIBUTING REPORTER After one year of operation, plans in Connecticut’s state healthcare exchange have grown slightly cheaper — a sign that the healthcare market has taken off.

On Connecticut’s healthcare exchange, the cheapest silver healthcare plan, which covers about 70 percent of an enrollee’s expenses, has grown 4.7 percent cheaper before government subsidies, according to a new Kaiser Family Foundation report. The demographic for this statistic is 40-yearold non-smokers who earn $30,000 a year. Healthcare providers typically lower premiums when enough healthy customers sign up, an assurance that the providers will not be saddled with unnecessary healthcare costs.

“Connecticut’s healthcare market is a voluntary exchange, and there [will be] a situation in which those with poorer health are quicker to sign up,” said Elizabeth Bradley, director of the Yale Global Health Initiative and Master of Branford College.

Shari Hinton, an agency coordinator for Patient Financial and Admitting Services at Yale-New Haven Hospital, said the Affordable Care Act has broad appeal because it allows for everyone who qualifies to apply. Hinton said that those who are uninsured and think healthcare is unaffordable now have the capability to access healthcare resources.

As a hospital coordinator who receives patients redirected from their lack of adequate insurance, Hinton has helped many patients fill out profiles on Access Health CT, the Connecticut State-based Marketplace.

“A lot of people think they don’t

qualify, but they find out they actually do when we go through an interview process,” Hinton said.

While the Affordable Care Act, the federal law under whose auspices the Connecticut exchange was founded, has increased enrollment, there are still healthcare issues that have been left unaddressed, Bradley said. The Affordable Care Act focuses on financial access to healthcare and does not address the availability of doctors who can effectively address the cultural and language needs of communities within Connecticut and the rest of the country, she said.

Many patients do not even realize that additional resources have been created by the Affordable Care act, according to Leora Horwitz, an internal medicine physician at Yale-New Haven Hospital who focuses on the quality of care.

“One of my patients did not know that the insurance we were discussing was covered due to the Affordable Care Act,” Horwitz said. “My patient had heard about the Connecticut Exchange but did not connect the state health exchange with the Affordable Care Act.” Still, she added, Connecticut is acting as a national example — with the exchange’s leaders consulting on other state exchanges.

The current political climate would seem to support federal healthcare policy expansion in the future, Hinton said. With new party waves coming into office in the next few years, however, the direction of healthcare is still uncertain.

As of April 2014, 36.7 percent of eligible state residents in Connecticut have been enrolled in Connecticut’s Statebased healthcare exchange market.

Contact PETER HUANG at peter.huang@yale.edu .

are powerless alone, but can find solutions in both European contexts and in G-20, Barroso said.

However, he recognized that cooperation is not always easily achieved, both between governments and between governments and their citizens. Barroso said that during his 10-year term, which was rife with crises, people commonly expected quick, spectacular change which was essentially impossible to deliver.

“We are not dealing with particles and molecules, but with citizens who need to be brought to a consensus before any change can come about,” Barroso said.

Students interviewed who attended the lecture said that they found Barroso’s speech to be insightful and informative. They also said he skillfully

explained European issues in an accessible and easily understandable way, which was helpful to students who did not have much prior knowledge about the EU. Rod Cuestas ’15 said it was a unique opportunity to listen to the sitting president of the EU Commission, and that it was helpful to hear about global issues and events from someone who is so directly involved with them, as opposed to hearing about them from a thirdparty perspective.

“I appreciated his acknowledgment of the fact that many acts of European legislation were ad hoc measures resulting from the various crises that led to them, leading to benefits for the countries who were part of the

EU in a sort of spillover effect,” said Nils Metter ’17, president of the Yale European Undergraduates, the organization in charge of the event.

Jordan Coley ’17 said Barroso has not had an easy term, and although he probably had a fair share of people tell him that the EU, in its current state, was destined to fail, he still seemed to genuinely believe in the possibility of an economic and diplomatic resurgence through cooperation and perseverance.

Barroso has been in office since November of 2004, and will be replaced by the incumbent Jean-Claude Juncker in November of this year.

Contact TYLER FOGGATT at tyler.foggatt@yale.edu .

Common Core future uncertain

BY AMANDA MEI CONTRIBUTING REPORTER As the November gubernatorial election in Connecticut draws near, the fate of the Common Core State Standards in Connecticut hangs in the balance.

The CCSS, developed by the Council of Chief State School Officers and National Governors Association in 2009, sets grade level guidelines for instruction in the language arts and mathematics and aims to prepare students across the nation for college and careers.

Incumbent governor and Democratic Party nominee Dannel Malloy supports the initiative while Republican nominee Tom Foley opposes it.

Malloy wants to see the CCSS implemented in full but has reservations about how quickly implementation should be carried out.

In a Sept. 5 letter to U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan, Malloy explained that students across Connecticut will not take the Smarter Balanced Assessment Consortium test — which was designed to test Common Core material — because he is concerned that 11th graders would be overwhelmed by the addition of a new standardized test.

Foley, on the other hand, has questioned whether it makes sense to implement the Common Core standards throughout Connecticut.

If Common Core is halted throughout the state, a number of initiatives that Malloy has worked on could be in jeopardy. Last month Malloy authorized spending $4 million on professional teacher training days and the development of language arts and mathematics instruction, as well as $10 million on technology upgrades in schools.

These policies are part of the

Connecticut Core Initiative, a response to recommendations made by the Common Core Implementation Task Force in June.

The task force was itself a response to moves by the American Federation of Teachers Connecticut, a union of 29,000 workers in education, health care and public service.

The federation has since endorsed Malloy in the gubernatorial race.

Foley, who won the Republican primary in August, has criticized the Common Core but supports standards that measure student and teacher performance. Still, he has spoken out against Malloy for implementing the Common Core system in successful schools as well as failing schools.

Some people, including AFTCT President Melodie Peters, have doubts about Foley’s education policy.

“In Tom Foley’s latest ad, he claims to have a plan for our state’s schools, and he’s talked vaguely about allowing some districts to drop out of the standards,” Peters said in a release. “The few details he’s revealed show his plan is little more than a scheme to pay for vouchers by starving schools whose students need and deserve support.”

One problem is that districts are having trouble implementing the program: the developers of the program did not outline a specific plan for schools looking to participate, according to a statement by CCSS Program Director of the CCSSO Carrie Heath Phillips.

“The question of implementation is a serious one, and I think that’s where issues with the Common Core have cropped up,” said Elizabeth Carroll, director of the Education Studies program at Yale.

Implementation in Connecti-

cut and nationwide faces challenges such as limited time frames and few short-term benefits.

Policymakers generally underestimate the time required to phase in the CCSS because they want to generate results as quickly as possible, Carroll said.

Parents and teachers are two groups that have pushed back against Common Core because they are worried about their children being evaluated against new and rigorous standards. Carroll said these concerns are not a result of the standards themselves but of their rushed implementation.

A May survey by the Connecticut Education Association and the AFTCT found that 82 percent of surveyed teachers did not believe they had adequate time or resources to implement the CCSS. Despite the hurdles of implementation, the Common Core program has garnered positive attention from many different groups.

“The Common Core State Standards offer kids a level playing field,” said Jennifer Alexander, CEO of the Connecticut Coalition for Achievement Now, said in a statement.

“They also offer parents peace of mind that we’ll know how well our kids are gaining the knowledge and skills they need to succeed in today’s world.”

Bridgeport Public Education Fund Executive Director Margaret Hiller also praised the CCSS for promoting high-quality teaching and student acquisition of valuable life skills.

Connecticut is one of 46 states to have adopted the Common Core system.

Contact AMANDA MEI at amanda.mei@yale.edu .

PAGE 4

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

AROUND THE IVIES

“Charity is injurious unless it helps the recipient to become independent of it.”

JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER AMERICAN BUSINESS MAGNATE

H A R VA R D C R I M S O N D E V A . PA T E L

Faculty deanship to be renamed following gift

SHUNELLA GRACE LUMAS/HARVARD CRIMSON

Dean Michael D. Smith speaks at the freshmen convocation for the Class of 2017 in Sanders Theater.

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The University’s highestprofile deanship, that of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, will be renamed in recognition of the support of donors Paul B. Edgerley and Sandra M. Edgerley ’84.

University President Drew G. Faust told alumni of the change on Saturday at the Assembly, an annual meeting of donors to The Harvard Campaign for Arts and Sciences, which was closed to the media.

This marks the first time one of Harvard’s deanships has been named and comes just two weeks after the School of Public Health was renamed with a landmark $350 million gift by Gerald L. Chan. The size of the Edgerley gift has not been disclosed.

Michael D. Smith now holds the position of Edgerley Family Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. The Edgerley family’s most recent gift will endow the deanship, providing salary and other administrative costs for the position. Including benefits, Smith earned $554,370 in 2012, the last year for which his salary has been reported.

From right to left, University Drew G. Faust, FAS Dean Michael D. Smith, and campaign co-chairs Glenn H. Hutchins ’77, Paul B. Edgerley, and Sandra M. Edgerley ’84 watch FAS campaign co-chair Carl J. Martignetti ’81 address the crowd at the FAS campaign launch event in Sanders Theatre Saturday morning.

Dean of the Law School Martha L. Minow holds the Mor-

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gan and Helen Chu Dean’s Professorship. But the University still considers the FAS deanship renamHARVARD ing to be the first of its kind given the professorship associated with Minow’s chair.

“Paul and Sandy Edgerley have been so very generous with their time and resources in support of the University, and we are deeply grateful for their unwavering commitment,” Faust said in a statement to the Harvard Gazette. “The Edgerley Family Deanship is a fitting recognition of their efforts to help Harvard lead in research and teaching for generations to come.”

In a statement to the Gazette, Smith said he was “deeply grateful to Sandy and Paul for their support of my office and for partnering with me to advance priorities that will positively impact the entire FAS for generations to come.”

Smith could not be reached for comment on Monday. Paul Edgerley could not be reached for comment early Monday afternoon because he is travelling abroad.

The Edgerleys currently serve as co-chairs on a committee for both The Harvard Campaign and the Harvard Campaign for Arts and Sciences, which leads the FAS portion of the Universitywide fundraising effort.

The Harvard Campaign has

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raised at least $4.3 billion in pledges and donations thus far, which is 66 percent of the $6.5 billion goal. The Campaign for Arts and Sciences is aiming to raise $2.5 billion.

Among other reasons, FAS leaders are looking to the campaign to sure up the body’s finances in the long term. In fiscal year 2013, FAS reported a $3.7 million deficit in its “unrestricted core operations.”

Paul Edgerley currently works as managing director of Bain Capital, a private-equity firm. Sandra Edgerley worked for more than a decade at Bain and Company, and now spends her time in Boston-area philanthropic endeavors.

News of the renaming caught many members of the Faculty of guard, they said, but not completely by surprise. Harvey C. Mansfield ’53, the William R. Kenan Jr. Professor of Government, noted that even though FAS deanship renaming is unprecedented, it is common practice to honor donors with nomenclature.

“I don’t find it very shocking.

After all, the whole university is named after a donor, John Harvard, and I have a professorship that’s named after a donor, as do most professors now,” Mansfield said. “Who are you going to name things after if not wealthy people or famous people?”

Smith, who has held the deanship since 2007, will also retain his endowed title as John H. Finley Jr. Professor of Engineering and Applied Sciences.

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YO UR YDN ;8 @ CP PF L I Y D N ;8 @ CP PF L I Y D N DA I LY

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 5

NEWS

“Where words fail, music speaks.”

HANS CHRISTIAN ANDERSEN DANISH AUTHOR

Croatian president connects music, politics

BY VICTOR WANG CONTRIBUTING REPORTER

ROBERTA F/CREATIVE COMMONS

Iso Josipovic talked about instances in his career when he used music as a form of communication.

Music can play an important role in the world of politics, according to Ivo Josipovic, president of the Republic of Croatia.

Josipovic stopped by Yale yesterday afternoon to speak to an audience of roughly 50 people about the ways in which music and politics can intersect, incorporating theory, history and personal experience. Beyond these abstract connections, he also gave concrete examples of music’s influence on political propaganda throughout history, noting several politicians who were accomplished musicians.

“I belong to two worlds: music and politics,” Josipovic said.

“These two worlds are very different, and art and politics are sometimes seen as enemies. But from my personal experience, I want to answer the question, ‘Can you be both an artist and a politician?’”

At the age of 52, Josipovic was the youngest person to ever assume the presidency of Croatia when he won the country’s 2010 election. In addition to his career in politics, he has also worked as a university professor, legal expert, musician and composer. He graduated from

the Zagreb Music Academy with a degree in music composition and is also a professor in several areas of law.

Josipovic spoke about how music acts as a “mirror of society” in that it can be used as a tool for politicians to reconcile with other nations or enhance their own national identity.

He also listed broad similarities between music and politics — such as creativity, vision, communications and a balance between freedom and discipline.

In the context of his experiences as both a politician and a student of music, Josipovic spoke about how he has used music throughout his political career to send messages.

During his presidential campaign he gathered famous artists, ranging from pop stars to classical musicians, to produce his campaign video and to perform at every major city in Croatia. As president, he has held concerts on behalf of his country in Italy and Slovenia in order to facilitate reconciliation and to help settle political disputes.

But music can also play a range of different roles, Josipovic said — while it can inspire hope, it can also be used to send hateful messages. As an example of the dangerous misuse of music in

political propaganda, he pointed to Adolf Hitler’s use of German composer Richard Wagner’s pieces to drum up nationalist spirit toward the Nazi cause.

Some students who attended the event praised Josipovic’s unique viewpoint in connecting music and politics, adding that they admired the scope of his knowledge of music as a composer. They expressed appreciation for Josipovic’s use of his own anecdotes to explain the ways in which music plays a role in political landscapes.

“I thought it was very interesting to hear about music from a politician’s viewpoint,” An Tran MUS ’16 said. “I really like what he said about different people understanding music in different ways, and politics is one way music can be interpreted in.”

Tran, who is a musician himself, said he also enjoyed learning about music from a composer’s mind. The talk has urged him to question how different music has different meanings to him, he said.

The talk was hosted by the Yale School of Music and was followed by a question-andanswer period.

Contact VICTOR WANG at v.wang@yale.edu .

Alders discuss student member eligibility to speak before the Alders inclined towards eliminating a rigid GPA floor for student candidates.

Leslie Blatteau, a teacher at the Metropolitan Business Academy, observed that in her school, a student running for a position in the citywide council would need two teacher recommendations and 10 hours in community service, but would not be eliminated from consideration because of GPA. She reminded her audience that external factors such as socioeconomic disparity or health problems could unfairly damage a student’s GPA. “I know students who have to work 48 hours a week to support their family,” she said.

“And you know, they sometimes slip. That’s not to say their active participation is any less valuable.”

Susan Weisselberg, Chief of Wraparound Services at New Haven public schools, who was the first to be summoned to testify about the voting procedure for student candidates, left the meeting with more homework on her plate: to survey the minimum grade

requirement for athletes, to sample the eligibility requirements that student councils in various schools held and to summarize the guidelines of schools that omitted a GPA requirement for positions in council.

While the meeting came to an end without a definite resolution on the GPA problem, Weisselberg retained her positive attitude about the Alders’ initiative to include students on the Board of Education.

Even as nonvoting members, students will make a difference on the board, Weisselberg said.

“The Board really concerns itself more with discussions than with voting,” she said.

“Having the students’ voice represented at the table is all about introducing the users’ perspective.”

The first student representative, a rising junior, will be elected in June 2015. The other representative will be elected one year later to stagger their terms.

Contact IN KYU CHUNG at inkyu.chung@yale.edu .

DIANA LI/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

The meeting turned into a debate over requirements for potential student members.

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The Education Committee of the Board of Alders convened Monday evening for a seemingly standard review of the procedure to elect two students to the city’s Board of Education.

But what was intended to be a simple discussion quickly evolved into a lively debate concerning the appropriate criteria of eligibility for student candidates. New Haven’s City Charter, revised in a November 2013 referendum, established that two students from the city’s public high schools be elected after their sophomore year to hold twoyear, nonvoting terms on the Board.

Tension flared when talk turned to a proposed 2.0 minimum grade point average eligibility requirement for student candidates. Ward 16 Alder Michelle Perez was first to propose an amendment, arguing that the GPA requirement should be 2.5 or higher.

In response, Ward 18 Alder Salvatore Decola vehemently

challenged the notion that an academic barrier should exist at all between students and participation in the Board of Education, saying that America is a free country.

“You don’t need a master’s degree in this country to become president. That’s not what America’s about,” he said. “There are still too many walls existing in society.”

In a later interview, Decola recalled that he has seen several students make valuable contributions to Board discussions on such matters as grading policy or school food, although he failed to confirm whether those particular students fell below the proposed GPA floor. 70 percent of New Haven’s students do not attend college, he added, emphasizing the importance of hearing from this constituency.

Other Alders voiced qualified support for setting a minimum GPA requirement, implying a correlation between subpar GPA and inconsistent attendance behavior.

Witnesses summoned

OPINION.

BY IN KYU CHUNG CONTRIBUTING REPORTER

PAGE 6

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

FROM THE FRONT

“Nobody can hurt me without my permission.” MAHATMA GANDHI

Three arrested in brawl outside Apple Store

SIMON PODHAJSKI/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Multiple groups have been waiting outside the Broadway Ave. Apple store with the goal of buying the new iPhone in bulk and reselling them abroad.

APPLE STORE FROM PAGE 1 “Store managers have phoned several times to report fights and ill-behaved line waiters,” Hartman said in a Monday release.

He added that police have received reports that the brawl was between two “rival groups” who both intended to purchase the phone in bulk in order to attempt to resell them to customers overseas at a high markup rate.

While American retailers

have offered the iPhone 6 for prices roughly between $200 and $400, these groups demand between $3,000 and $4,000 per unit in countries like China, where the model is not currently sold.

“These rival groups have been challenging each other over their places in line,” Hartman said. “At times, these challenges have resulted in violence.”

On Monday night, members of the Yale Police Department and Yale Security were seen in

the area, but they said that they had either been dispatched to handle matters unrelated to the morning’s incident or were simply on their normal patrol routes.

Of 15 students interviewed, only one said that they would wait more than five hours to purchase the latest brand of iPhone.

Chareeni Kurukulasuriya ’16 said that it might make sense for “die-hard” Apple fans to wait in line to be one of the first

customers to purchase the new product, but thinks most students would be better off buying the phone from online retailers like Amazon. Indeed, she said two of her friends bought the new phone off of Amazon and received it on the official release date.

“I also can’t really imagine the line getting so long to the point that it would be necessary to camp out over night,” Kurukulasuriya said.

Demand for the phone has

been exceedingly high across the globe. Apple announced on Monday that opening weekend sales reached record levels, with more than 10 million units sold worldwide.

“Sales for iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus exceeded our expectations for the launch weekend, and we couldn’t be happier,” Apple Chief Executive Officer Tim Cook said in a Monday release. “While our team managed the manufacturing ramp better than ever before,

we could have sold many more iPhones with greater supply and we are working hard to fill orders as quickly as possible.”

Store employees and a manager on duty at the New Haven location on Monday night declined comment.

The Broadway Apple Store is one of six in Connecticut.

Contact MAREK RAMILO at marek.ramilo@yale.edu and

J.R. REED at

jonathan.t.reed@yale.edu.

Workers raise further concerns about CSC CSC FROM PAGE 1 has exacerbated the risk of jobrelated harm.

Workers said there is a particular mismatch between their abilities and the tasks that are expected of them.

“We are carrying things that are way too heavy,” said a CSC pantry worker who wished to remain anonymous due to concerns over job security.

But Yale Dining administrators have defended the CSC’s safety record, arguing that the facility and the department’s procedures are designed to ensure workers’ safety.

According to the worker, the increased risks of working in the CSC stem mainly from the large volume of food that workers are now tasked with preparing each day.

Comen said many of the older workers at the CSC are ill-fitted for the increased physicality of their jobs at the new center.

“It is just a young person’s job,” Comen said. “I was 20 years old when I was doing the vegetable job.”

Comen added that morale has been low among dining hall staff this year, largely because head pantry workers who serve as leaders in the kitchen are now two miles away from campus.

The anonymous pantry worker said there are some workers who were in quieter positions before moving to the CSC, such as in the dining hall in the Divinity School, but are now given tasks they are unable to handle. The youngest head pantry worker is 41 years old and the oldest are in their early 70s or late 60s, she said.

Just this week, she said, workers were expected to lift, wash and prepare nearly 480 pounds of cucumbers — an amount that will only last all the dining halls until Wednesday. Other days, workers have been responsible for mixing 30-gallon batches of salad dressing. As a result, she said, some workers are considering early retirement.

Several workers also alleged that Yale Dining administrators have not lived up to their commitments of providing workers with the necessary support. “[Executive Director of Yale

Dining Rafi Taherian] had promised us when we first started working that he would get some general services assistants and some men to be in the room to help lift items,” said the worker.

“They aren’t there.”

The CSC has been designed to state-of-theart safety standards.

RAFI TAHERIAN Executive Director, Yale Dining

She added that Yale Dining administrators told pantry workers that in instances in which they were lifting items over their weight restriction of 25 pounds, they could raise their hand to receive support — but this plan has not become reality.

A second anonymous CSC worker noted that the crowded physical space of the center also leads to increased risk of injury.

According to a third anony-

mous worker, who is part of the catering team, the space that was initially designated for catering operations when the center was built last spring has been decreased with the relocation of all head pantry workers to the location.

Still, University Director of Culinary Excellence Ron DeSantis said there is plenty of room for workers since shifts can be staggered to allow for ample space, noting that some workers arrive at 6 a.m. and another wave arrives at 8 a.m.

Taherian said that Yale Dining works with Yale’s Environmental Health and Safety group and equipment manufacturers to ensure safety at the CSC. “The CSC has been designed to state-of-the-art safety standards, and we are committed to ensuring that employee safety there will be even better than in other dining operations,” Taherian said.

He added that Yale Dining recognizes that food service jobs can be physically demanding and the University works to accommodate staff members when fea-

sible.

University Director of Labor Relations Jane Savage said that for privacy reasons, she could not comment on specific instances of injuries at the CSC. However, Taherian said that there is currently only one CSC worker who is on workers’ compensation, which replaces wages and provides medical benefits in the event of a serious injury.

Regardless of workers’ apprehensions about the CSC, injuries in food services are part of the job, according to New Haven Office Manager for the Connecticut Workers’ Compensation Commission Dave Lawson, who works with injury claims.

“It is the nature of the job — the people are there for years and years using the same body parts.

The floors can get slippery,” he said.

Lawson added that the incidence of injuries at Yale is not substantially different from that at other universities, noting that the injuries for which people file for workers’ compensation are typically minor.

Comen said that despite his

criticism of the CSC, Yale does provide workers with non-skid shoes and has made safety a priority.

The first anonymous pantry worker also said there has been “ample” training for operating new machinery, adding that when she faced a minor injury, managers were sympathetic and helpful.

Still, the stress injuries that can occur at the CSC due to the repetitive nature of the jobs there are a cause for concern, Comen suggested. While workers in specific dining halls may have a diverse set of tasks, workers in the CSC often are completing the same action for an entire day.

The CSC is located at 344 Winchester Ave., near Science Park.

Pooja Salhotra contributed reporting.

Contact MATTHEW LLOYDTHOMAS at matthew.lloydthomas@yale.edu and LARRY MILSTEIN at larry.milstein@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 7

FROM THE FRONT

“All that I am or ever hope to be, I owe to my angel mother .” ABRAHAM LINCOLN

Magazine honors Yale’s maternity options MOTHERS FROM PAGE 1 official paid child-rearing policies for clerical and technical workers, which include administrative assistants.

Tanya Wiedeking, manager of administrative operations for Pierson College and mother of two young children, said in her experience, Yale does not allow staff members with young children to work part-time.

“I think it’s pretty backwards,” she said. “It’s really hard to leave a young baby in the care of others for 40 hours a week, and I think Yale could easily afford to be more flexible in this regard.”

In general, Wiedeking said non-academic staff positions have less generous leave policies than faculty positions.

For employees with children,

Yale also provides childcare programs through its WorkLife initiative, which aims to help employees balance career and family through offering services and workshops.

It was almost like the college was making us choose between having a family and having a career.

WOO-KYOUNG AHN Psychology professor, Yale University Manager of Yale WorkLife and Child Care Programs Susan Abramson said Yale WorkLife provides referrals and tries hard

to match parents with non-Yale affiliated daycares if Yale childcare is not an option. To meet overwhelming demand for daycare services, Yale has recently opened its sixth affiliated daycare facility.

Many faculty members stressed that being able to use Yale’s babysitting services and the Parent Registry is extremely helpful. For graduate students, the McDougal Center offers resources for new parents including workshops and advisors.

Still, the issue of daycare is prominent in the minds of many faculty and staff members who still find the high costs and limited availability of local daycare daunting.

Molly Michaels ’15 — a former teacher’s aide for Calvin Hill Daycare, one of the facilities

affiliated with the University — said she thinks Yale does a good job of supporting faculty with children. Still, she added that she thinks the University could do more to work with students who are pregnant or have children.

“For them, these daycares and pregnancy support resources are not made readily available,” she said.

Still, faculty members said Yale’s policies have improved dramatically in recent years, adding that they found previous policies for child rearing difficult to navigate.

Psychology professor Wookyoung Ahn, who had her first child in 1999 as an assistant professor at Yale, said she ultimately decided it was easier to leave Yale for another university than it was to work around the University’s

child-rearing policies. Because of Yale’s policies at that time, she was not able to take adequate maternity leave if she wanted to stay on the tenure track, she said.

“It was almost like the college was making us choose between having a family and having a career,” Ahn said.

She came back to Yale when her second child was a year old.

Three years later, Yale’s policies had improved. Trumbull College Dean Jasmina Besirevic said she had her first child as a graduate student in 2002, and that she was able to take an extra term for her dissertation without an issue. She pointed out, though, that like many other female graduate students, she felt like she had to plan ahead to have the child during her writing year in graduate school so that

it would not interfere with her teaching.

When asked about whether or not the length of her maternity leave was sufficient, Besirevic said “not necessarily.”

“I come from Europe where you get a year leave,” she said.

“But I’ve been in the U.S. long enough to know what to expect.”

Besirevic said that with her second child she was ready to return to work after two months, but that she was lucky enough to have her parents there to help with taking care of her younger daughter.

Fifty-four percent of Yale’s hires in 2013 were women.

Contact SARA SEYMOUR at sara. seymour@yale.edu and JULIA SHAN at danyang.shan@yale.edu .

Admissions reaches out to low-income zip codes POSTCARDS FROM PAGE 1 Malik Gonzalez, the admission’s office co-director of multicultural recruitment.

Although high-achieving lowincome students — defined as students who come from families with income levels below $41,472 but score in the top 10 percent of SAT scores — would likely be competitive applicants to Yale, these students are more likely to apply to less selective local institutions because they are often intimidated by the selectivity and hefty tuition prices of schools such as Yale, said Harvard Kennedy School of Government professor Chris Avery, who has published research on this topic with Stanford education economist Caroline Hoxby.

“Obviously there are a lot of factors involved, but our research this summer has shown this initiative was very successful in moving the needle [in getting students to apply],” Dunn said.

Although the overall applicant pool for the class of 2018 grew by 4.4 percent, Dunn said the increase in applications from students who received the postcard was approximately 14 percent.

This June, the admissions office sent high-achieving lowincome students a postcard that emphasized Yale’s net price for most admitted students and the zero parental contributions for families that make less than $65,000 a year. In mid-to-late July, these students also received a letter from Evelyn Nunez ’15, a student employee in the admissions office.

Dunn said Nunez’s letter, which reminisced about her personal journey through the application process as a high school senior, was intended to humanize the information about Yale’s financial aid and emphasize the University’s welcoming environment for prospective applicants from low-income backgrounds.

While Yale has kept tabs on prospective applicants for years by purchasing the data of students who score highly on the Preliminary Scholastic Aptitude Tests (PSATs) or Scholastic Apti-

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tude Tests (SATs) from the College Board, Dunn said new statistical tools provided by the College Board have made it possible for Yale to identify which students in the admissions office’s database are likely to come from lowincome families.

Dunn said the admissions office has been using a new College Board product entitled Segment Analysis Service, a geolocation service that provides data on the students’ addresses to identify applicants listed on Yale’s database who live in a neighborhood where the median family income is below $70,000 a year.

Postcards are sent exclusively to these students, he said.

Michael McCullough — president and founder of the Questbridge program, a nonprofit organization that links high-achieving low-income students with elite colleges — said it is important that schools such as Yale used innovative outreach methods to connect with low-income students who do not live in one of America’s major cities. He cited research

by Hoxby and Avery that showed low-income students who do not live in a large metropolitan area are far less likely to apply to selective colleges than students who live in cities such as New York.

Sheryll Cashin, a Georgetown Law professor who has written extensively about higher education, said she is highly supportive of the University’s decision to reach out to students from lowincome neighborhoods.

While Yale and its peers recruit students from ethnic groups that are traditionally underrepresented in higher education, Cashin said these schools need to do a better job of recognizing that the most disadvantaged students are not necessarily those who are black or Hispanic but who come from low-income environments with worse schools and a cultural stigma against higher education.

Abdul-Razak Zachariach ’17, a student from nearby West Haven who identified as low-income, said he is hopeful the postcards not only discuss Yale’s strong financial aid program but also tell low-income students that they belong on this campus.

“Yale has incredible resources and the numbers are staggering, but it’s easy to feel like just a part of the quota [as a low-income student],” he said.

Zachariah said he only began considering Yale as a realistic target school after years of living nearby and visiting the campus.

Still, Saran Morgan ’18, a Questbridge Scholar, said she is skeptical that this mailing will be effective. She added that she received many pieces of literature from various schools but mostly ignored them as an applicant.

Christopher Rios ’18 said he thinks the University should send this information to all students and not just low-income students.

But Dunn said the admissions office also needed to consider the cost of the program because it is being funded through the office’s annual budget.

Yale received a record-high 30,932 applications from the class of 2018.

Shreyas Tirumala contributed reporting.

Contact RISHABH BHANDARI at rishabh.bhandari@yale.edu .

IHNA MANGUNDDYAO/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Yale is trying to attract more low-income students by sending needed information to applicants eligible for aid.

APPLICATION NUMBERS BY CLASS YEAR

35000

30000

25000

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

TECH DESK TECH DESK email editor@yaledailynews.com

2018

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PAGE 8

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

SPORTS Elis sail in two events SAILING FROM PAGE 12 played around with new pairings, and the results show how well we can adapt to these new roles,” Charlotte Belling ’16 said. “I think as both a crew and a skipper it’s important to get in a boat with someone new and challenge yourself to learn a new type of sailing.

Both Belling and team captain Graham Landy ’15 noted that the team responded to difficult conditions in the Charles River, which exhibited shifty and unpredictable winds, by shackling the elements and avoiding major mistakes.

The all-American pairing of skipper Landy and crew Belling dominated the A division. The sailors, who both attended high school at the Hotchkiss School in Connecticut but had never sailed together before the weekend, finished outside the top five of the 18-team field in just five of 17 races and outpaced second-place Tufts by 36 points.

“Charlotte’s a fantastic crew and she always has a positive outlook on the race,” Landy said. “She did a great job of keeping me level headed in very trying conditions. We’ve been friends a long time, so I think that we understand how the other person thinks both on and off the water.”

Landy also lauded Belling for her composure and good attitude, as she bounced back after snapping her hiking line midway through the race and falling into the notoriously unclean Charles River.

Another relatively new pairing, the sophomore duo of skipper Mitchell Kiss ’17 and crew Clara Robertson ’17, placed second by a slim eight-point margin in the B Division. Robertson and Kiss — who made a name for him-

self last year as a star singlehanded sailor — have found some early season consistency with two straight second placed finishes.

The Elis stacked the C division with two All-American skippers and an AllAmerican crew, leading to top three finishes in seven of 17 races and a 30-point margin of victory. Ian Barrows ’17 and Morgan Kiss ’15 rotated in the C division alongside crew Katherine Gaumond ’15. Barrows returned to the Yale lineup for the first time this season after missing the previous regatta with an injury.

“This weekend proved that our team is very flexible and can race well regardless of the condition or type of boat,” Belling said.

“The Charles River can be extremely shifty and frustrating, but everyone did a great job of staying level headed and moving forward after a bad race.”

In the coed team’s other event this weekend, the Elis placed fifth at the Boston Harbor Invite, where freshman skippers Malcom Lamphere ’18 and Christopher Champa ’18 got their first chance to sparkle on the water. Lamphere, alongside crews Sarah Smith ’15 and Chandler Gregoire ’17, placed fifth in A Division. In the B Division, Champa and crew Sanam Rastegar ’17 came in seventh.

Yale returns to action next weekend in several events.

The NEISA Men’s Singlehanded Championships get underway at Boston College, while the Bulldogs also sail at the Salt Pond Invitational in Rhode Island and the 32nd Hood Trophy at Tufts, an event at which the Elis placed sixth last season.

Contact FREDERICK FRANK at frederick.frank@yale.edu .

“The depressing thing about tennis is that no matter how good I get, I’ll never be as good as a wall.” MITCH HEDBERG LATE COMEDIAN

Terriers’ late bite sinks Yale

YALE DAILY NEWS

The field hockey team lost to Harvard 4–1 on Saturday, Sept. 20.

FIELD HOCKEY FROM PAGE 12 the “W” in the column, and that’s what’s most important heading into the rest of the season. We found out what we’re capable of.”

The players also stayed positive about the weekend.

According to goalkeeper Heather Schlesier ’15, the weekend in Boston ended on an “upswing,”

a thought that was echoed by her teammates.

“Our weekend in Boston was a weekend of progress,” forward Grace McInerney ’15 said. “While we didn’t play to our potential on Saturday against Harvard, we did a great job in executing our game plan against Boston University.

Our energy and intensity during that game was exhilarating.”

The team hopes to bring that energy into practice this week, according to McInerney.

The Elis will prepare to face Ivy League rival Princeton at home this weekend and are focused on getting a win.

“Our team definitely has a hunger going into this week of practice,” Schlesier said. “We nearly took down BU, and that has left us

wanting more. We are looking to compete in practice the same way we competed this weekend.”

The Bulldogs will play Princeton on Saturday, Sept. 27 before taking on Stanford on Sunday, Sept. 28, both at home on Johnson Field.

Contact HOPE ALLCHIN at hope.allchin@yale.edu .

Spread helps Bulldogs romp

Tennis returns to court at Ivy Plus

FOOTBALL FROM PAGE 12

TENNIS FROM PAGE 12

on paper, but they require accuracy to deliver the ball where the receiver is going to be without sacrificing speed. Roberts did an excellent job of that and allowed the offense to move quickly without missing a beat.

Hagermoser also had a threeset win over Ben Tso of Princeton, sending him into the quar-

terfinals of the Jersey Draw. In a tight match, he posted a comefrom-behind win over Max Fliegner of Dartmouth, 6–3, 1–6, 7–6, but then fell to Brandon Yeoh of

RUNNING THE OPTION

The option play has long been part of the college game due to its difficulty to defend.

Traditionally, the option involves the quarterback taking the snap under center, choosing whether or not to hand off to the fullback, and then running to the side, with the option to pitch to his running back.

But in the spread offense, the quarterback takes the snap from the shotgun and reads the defensive end to decide if he should handoff to a running back or not. The Bulldogs also run the option from the pistol, where the quarterback is in the shotgun and the running back is lined up a few yards directly behind the quarterback, which helps Yale disguise the handoff for a bit longer and give the tailback more of a running start if he gets the ball.

Roberts has also shown the ability to run and make the defense pay for crashing down on the running back on the option. He finished with seven carries for 29 yards on Saturday, a modest total, but enough to keep running lanes open for Varga and Rich.

By either running an option play or faking a handoff on most plays, the Elis can disguise the option and keep the defense guessing, setting up pass plays. On one such instance in the second quarter, Roberts pulled back a handoff to running back

SARA MILLER/PHOTOGRAPHY EDITOR

The women’s sailing team placed seventh at the Mrs. Hurst Regatta this weekend.

Kahlil Keys ’15 and found Randall over the middle on a go route for a 68-yard touchdown strike.

On the previous Yale drive, however, Rich scored from 51 yards on a read option play by streaking down the left sideline. He only made it to the house, however, because wideout Grant Wallace ’15 ran upfield 10 yards as if he were running a route before beginning to block. The cornerback was unable to get around Wallace’s seal block, largely because he had to defend the pass as well.

USING DIFFERENT RECEIVERS

Roberts also did a good job using each of his receivers in their various roles. Randall, the playmaker who led the team in receptions and receiving yards last season, would generally get the ball in space, often on bubble screens. He also scored on a 20-yard endaround that, though officially scored as a running play, involved a forward toss from Roberts and thus might be changed to count as a pass in the offi-

cial scoring, according to Associate Athletics Director Sports Publicity Steve Conn.

Wallace, meanwhile, served as a possession receiver, often catching passes along the sideline or with a tackler bearing down on him. As a result, he finished with few yards after the catch, but by serving in this role, he helped the offense stay on track and keep its entire playbook open.

Randall closed with 13 catches for 152 yards and a touchdown, while Wallace had seven grabs for 67 yards, though he had a 49-yard touchdown reception called back on a dubious offensive pass interference call. Beyond those two, five other players caught passes, including Buric, who caught a 26-yard touchdown, and receiver Michael Siragusa Jr. ’18, who drew a pass interference call to keep the Yale offense moving down the field in the third quarter.

Contact GRANT BRONSDON at grant.bronsdon@yale.edu.

ALEXANDRA SCHMELING/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

Twenty-one different schools were represented at the Ivy Plus tournament this weekend.

Brown in the semifinal match.

“As a team, we did an excellent job of fighting and grinding out every match, winning a number of three-set matches,” Hagermoser said. “I think this tournament was a great start, but we certainly aren’t satisfied and are looking to go deeper in our upcoming tournaments.”

The Elis posted more losses than wins in the single draw.

Daniel Faierman ’15, Krumholz, Photos Photiades ’17, Martin Svenning ’16 and Ziqi Wang ’18 all lost their matches in the round of 16. Wang performed better in the consolation bracket. After winning a third-set tiebreaker over a Princetonian in the first round and overcoming Przemyslaw Filipek of Monmouth in the semifinals, Wang advanced to the finals of the consolation draw. In the finals, he took another Princeton competitor to a third-set tiebreaker, but lost 3–6, 6–3, 8–10.

“The competition was strong, and I got my first taste [of] competing against players from other Ivy schools,” Wang said. “In singles competition, I finished 2–2, but overall I was happy with the results.”

The doubles bracket followed a similar pattern — three out of four doubles pairings advanced to the round of 16, where the duos lost. After a comfortable 8–2 win over a pair from Iowa, Lu and Faierman beat another duo from Cornell to advance to the quarterfinals. The pair later lost to a duo from St. John’s 5–8.

By the conclusion of the tournament on Sunday, the Elis were only participating in non-bracketed play. Lu and Hagermoser both posted victories over competitors from Cornell in nonbracketed singles.

The team will next travel to Philadelphia to compete in the Penn Classic, beginning on Sept.

26.

Contact KAITLYN SABIN at kaitlyn.sabin@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 9

BULLETIN BOARD

TODAY’S FORECAST

TOMORROW

Sunny, with a high near 69. North wind 5 to 8 mph becoming south in the afternoon.

THURSDAY

High of 73, low of 53.

High of 73, low of 53.

DOONESBURY BY GARRY TRUDEAU

ON CAMPUS TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23 12:30 p.m. Art in Context: “Victorian Sculpture: Between Craft and Industry.” Associate director of research and co-curator of the exhibition “Sculpture Victorious: Art in an Age of Invention, 1837–1901” Martina Droth will deliver this gallery talk.

Yale Center for British Art (1080 Chapel St.).

7:00 p.m. Sacred Harp Singing. Sacred Harp is an American shape-note songbook first published in 1844. Its eclectic repertoire includes tunes inherited from the folk tradition as well as music written especially for the shape-note singing practice.

New singers and visitors are always welcome to the Yale-New Haven regular singing. Stoeckel Hall (96 Wall St.), Rm. 106.

XKCD BY RANDALL MUNROE

WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 24 12:30 p.m. Gallery Talk, Side by Side: “Horace Pippin and Charles Sheeler.” Keely Orgeman, acting assistant curator of American paintings and sculpture, offers a close examination of the newly-acquired painting “Saturday Night Bath” (1945) by the self-taught African-American artist Horace Pippin and leads a discussion on the artist’s rise to prominence in the art world. Yale University Art Gallery (1111 Chapel St.).

6:00 p.m. George Marshall: “Communicating Beyond Your Constituency.” George Marshall is the founder of the Climate Outreach Information Network, a charity specializing in public engagement around climate change. His new book challenges the bipartisan divide on climate change as a social artifice and argues that we can and must find ways of thinking that overcome barriers of politics and worldview. Yale Law School (127 Wall St.), Rm. 127.

THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 25 7:00 p.m. “The Lusty Men” (1952). Former rodeo star Robert Mitchum, disabled by a series of accidents, hobbles back to his Oklahoma hometown in hopes of replenishing his bank account.

Aspiring broncobuster Arthur Kennedy hires Mitchum to train him for an upcoming rodeo, promising that they’ll split the winnings.

Mitchum soon falls hard for Kennedy’s wife, Susan Hayward.

Whitney Humanities Center (53 Wall St.), Aud.

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YALE DAILY NEWS · SEPTEMBER 23, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Cooperation tied to underlying trait

BY RACHEL STRODEL CONTRIBUTING REPORTER New Yale research hopes to bring society one step closer to understanding how we can all just get along.

For over 30 years, psychologists have examined why individuals cooperate under specific circumstances, but little work has been done to examine if there are patterns of cooperation that appear consistently across contexts and that might be caused by an underlying cognitive characteristic. By studying common traits in how subjects responded to a range of computerized decisionmaking games, the team of researchers from Yale and Harvard identified patterns in cooperative behavior suggesting that such a trait does exist. These findings debunk assumptions about cooperative behavior that have guided research in the past and raise new questions regarding the nature of why people pay costs to benefit others, said David Rand, a study senior author and professor of psychology, economics and management.

“We found substantial evidence that how someone acts under one set of conditions is highly predictive of how they will act under other circumstances, which, in turn, provides strong evidence that cooperativeness is an element of the person,” he said.

To investigate cooperative behavior, Rand and his team used a series of computer game simulations, based on game theory models, that offer each participant the choice of whether to help themselves or others. A major class of simulations were economic games, which endowed each participant with a certain amount of money that they could then decide to keep or use to benefit others or a collective group effort. In one of these simulations, players had the option of contributing their money to a collective pot, which was then doubled and split between members. Also included was a version of the prisoner’s dilemma, where

subjects had the opportunity to sacrifice funds to punish another person who was acting selfishly.

The research team found that how a participant behaved in one game was predictive of how they would behave in another cooperative situation, which Rand said suggests a common source of cooperation.

To measure how likely respondents were to make the same game decisions on separate occasions, the study analyzed the behavior of those who participated in the games more than once, an average of 124 days apart.

Responses were found to be consistent over time.

Moshe Hoffman, a research scientist at Harvard’s Program for Evolutionary Dynamics who was not involved in the study, said that the research is important because it shows that measures used in cooperative behavior studies reflect deeper cognitive traits and thus have applicability outside academia.

Jillian Jordan GRD ’19, a graduate student working with Rand at Yale who was not an author of the study, said that future research in the field will further examine the predictability of cooperation in various settings.

“There’s an assumption of certain reputation-based theories that people cooperate to signal that they are ‘nice guys’ who will cooperate in the future, or in other situations,” Jordan said.

“This idea seems intuitive, but it doesn’t have a ton of empirical support in the literature, and it’s very important to know if economic cooperation games can tap into this ‘nice guy’ concept.”

Though the study offers evidence that a cooperative core trait exists, Rand said the study does not address how much of that phenotype is due to an individual’s genotype and how much is due to environmental factors.

The study appears today in the journal Nature Communications.

Contact RACHEL STRODEL at rachel.strodel@yale.edu .

EMILY XIAO/CONTRIBUTING ILLUSTRATOR

Birth weight links autism, schizophrenia

BY NISHANT JAIN CONTRIBUTING REPORTER

DOMINIQUE LOUNDS/CONTRIBUTING ILLUSTRATOR

The theory that schizophrenia and autism are opposing ends of a neurological continuum recently found support in a group of 1.7 million Danish babies.

With this sample, Yale professor of ecology and evolutionary biology Stephen Stearns and two colleagues from the University of Copenhagen sought to understand how the struggle between maternal and paternal genes during development might manifest in neuropsychiatric disorders. Their results show that babies with lower than average birth weights have a higher risk of developing schizophrenia and a lower risk of developing autism, while babies with greater than average birth weights have a higher risk of developing autism and a lower risk of developing schizophrenia. While the finding cannot yet be used clinically for diagnosis, the discovery provides supporting evidence for the importance of the balance between parental genetic interests in utero, Stearns said.

“The risk of autism goes up with birth weight and the risk of schizophrenia goes down,” Stearns said.

“That is a very striking observation. The next step is to [find] which explanations [for this observation] are available out there.”

Over the last five decades, several evolutionary biologists hypothesized that maternal genes and paternal genes may be in conflict with each other. Stearns said the theory posits that maternal genes favor smaller offspring for their reduced biological burden during care. He added that a recent finding also suggested that there could be similar conflicting effects on the development of a baby’s brain that could have an impact on

behavior.

To ground the theory in evidence, Stearns and his colleagues analyzed medical and demographic data collected from the population of Denmark between 1978 and 2009. The presence of a centralized database on a single population allowed the team to search for associations between different demographic variables and the risk of developing neurological conditions such as autism and schizophrenia. The results of their analysis of birth weights provided insight into the nature of the relationship between these conditions, showing evidence that higher risks of autism and schizophrenia are associated with competing evolutionary genetic interests.

Since the balance between parental genes is thought to influence birth weight, the relationship between birth weight and the disorders suggests a possible connection between maternal and paternal genes and risk of disorders, Stearns said.

“I was astounded,” Stearns said.

“I never expected to see such a clear confirmation, at least in the level of pattern, if not in the level of mechanism, of this idea. I think that the only reason we were able to get it is because we had such a big sample size.”

The study suggests that evolutionarily influenced traits can have competing interests that are played out on the level of genetic development. While birth weight cannot yet be used to predict whether a baby will develop one of these neurological disorders, this knowledge can be used by clinicians to better understand the nature of the conditions.

Stearns noted that there are many factors that can contribute to the risk of developing autism or

schizophrenia, and that variation in birth weight may be an associative occurrence. For instance, Stearns said that gender of the offspring and parental age are also associated with development of the disorders.

David Haig, a professor of biology at Harvard who was not involved in the paper but has studied the opposing relationship between autism and schizophrenia, said he thought the study was important because it bolstered the theory about parental genes during development.

He noted that future research could explore the association between brain size and the risk of developing either autism or schizophrenia. The study used body weight as a proxy for variation in neural development, and Haig said that looking directly at brain size might shed light on the biological root of the disorder.

When asked about future work, Stearns said that understanding the reasoning and mechanisms behind the relationship discovered in this study was paramount.

Translating this discovery into clinically applicable knowledge is also a future area of inquiry.

Tonia Ferguson, vice president of external affairs of the Autism Society, said that while her organization focuses more on aiding the families of patients who are affected by autism as opposed to commenting on the validity of underlying biological mechanisms, she hopes that studies such as this one will inspire conversation on how to help families cope with these diseases.

The article was published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B on Sept. 17, 2014.

Contact NISHANT JAIN at nishant.jain@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · SEPTEMBER 23, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 11

“Alcohol may be man’s worst enemy, but the bible says love your enemy.”

FRANK SINATRA AMERICAN SINGER

Study considers teen substances

BY BRENDAN HELLWEG CONTRIBUTING REPORTER Deepa Camenga is an instructor in pediatrics at the Yale School of Medicine and the first author of “Marijuana, Alcohol Use and Attempted Cigarette Cessation in Adolescent Boys and Girls,” a Yale study recently published in the journal Substance Abuse. The study focuses on the ways in which alcohol and marijuana use affect the frequency of attempts to quit smoking in teenagers. The research, which involved over 800 teen smokers at 10 Connecticut high schools, found that increased alcohol and tobacco use leads to a decrease in quit attempts, though generally men were less likely than women to attempt to quit smoking if they frequently smoke marijuana, and women were less likely to quit smoking if they engaged in heavy binge drinking. The News talked with Camenga about teen education practices, drug “substitution,” and the changes in today’s drug climate. do you see your research being QHow applied in the field?

A

This study looks at the association between making a cigarette quit attempt — trying to quit smoking — and other very common substances that are used by adolescents, that is, alcohol and marijuana. And those three drugs travel together. People tend to use combinations of those, and it shows that if you smoke marijuana more often or binge drink more often, you’re less likely to quit smoking.

It’s important for people who are working in smoking cessation to really understand the whole breadth of substances that people are using. The study doesn’t really answer the question as to why — it wasn’t designed that way — but it does suggest that specialized treatment strategies are needed for people who are using multiple substances because they might be less motivated to quit smoking.

was your most interesting findQWhat ing?

A

This data was collected in 2006, but it’s interesting because of the increased access [to] marijuana. We’re expecting to see more marijuana use in teenagers because it is more available [now], and how does that relate to their smoking behaviors? We’ve spent a lot of time as a country preventing smoking in children and in teenagers, and there’s definitely an interrelationship between mar-

ijuana and tobacco cigarette use. People will convert to marijuana use only because it’s more available now than cigarettes — with tobacco we have a lot of taxation and so it’s difficult to get and it’s expensive. Marijuana seems to be less expensive and easier to get. So it will be interesting, public health-wise. Now this data was collected eight years ago so it wasn’t an issue, but now it will be interesting to see what happens with patterns of use now as this country moves more towards decriminalization and legalization for adults, which we presume will lead to an increase in access for kids — but we don’t know yet. any part of the findings surprise QDid you?

A

One interesting thing is that we have a gender related finding in males, that males but not females have decreased likelihood of trying to quit if they smoke higher amounts of marijuana. There are some hypotheses but we don’t know why.

There may be something known as a substitution phenomenon. It’s well known that there’s a relaxing effect from both smoking cigarettes and marijuana [since] both of the substances helped [the user] in relaxation. Teens are able to smoke marijuana, but they’re not able to do it out on the street, so they would switch to cigarettes, for when they were in places where they couldn’t smoke [marijuana].

the next step for research based QWhat’s on your findings?

A

There’s a lot of follow up questions, and then of course there’s testing interventions, actual treatment strategies for teens who are using multiple substances to see what works best. It would be targeted treatment studies for kids who are engaging in high use of marijuana, alcohol and cigarettes. There are people across the country who are demonstrating that those kids, because a lot of people are treating their marijuana and alcohol use, and there’s definitely a health implication to that, but they are trying to see what’s the best way to also help them quit smoking. People think that that’s the least of what the issues are, but there’s long-term unhealthy effects of tobacco use and the kids deserve a chance to get treatment for that as well. So testing treatments for these kids.

Contact BRENDAN HELLWEG at brendan.hellweg@yale.edu .

KEN YANIGISAWA/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

Use and abuse of other substances, such as alcohol and marijuana, have been linked to greater difficulty with quitting cigarettes.

For ADHD, supplements hold limited promise

BY SONIA WANG CONTRIBUTING REPORTER

ANNELISA LEINBACH/ILLUSTRATIONS EDITOR

Nutritional supplements may not be the answer to treating ADHD, according to a new analysis from the Yale Child Study Center.

Michael Bloch, a professor at the Center, recently published a summary of existing studies on the efficacy of various alternate treatments for ADHD, such as omega-3 fatty acids, melatonin, zinc, iron and herbal supplements. Although there are many pharmaceutical medications available to treat ADHD — most commonly, stimulant medications such Ritalin and Adderall — some individuals choose to forego traditional pharmacotherapies because of the side effects or their doubts over these medications’ long-term efficacy.

The analysis revealed that polyunsaturated fatty acids such as omega-3 fatty acids seemed to improve ADHD symptoms, and melatonin was effective in treating chronic insomnia, one of the symptoms commonly associated with ADHD. However, many of the other supplement treatments commonly used in the United States do not demonstrate significant benefits, and may even have harmful side effects.

“From my personal experience, I have found that people on nutritional supplements alone have fared worse on tested symptoms than people on both medication and nutritional supplements,” said Terry Dickson, a founder and director of the Behavioral Medicine Clinic for ADHD patients, who was not involved in the study.

For his analysis, Bloch reviewed previously published trials regarding the efficacy of these treatments. He then categorized each treatment based on its level of efficacy demonstrated in the trial and rigor of the trial: omega-3 fatty acids were level 1: beneficial, though less so than traditional psychostimulants.

Melatonin was assigned level 2, and seemed to aid in associated

ADHD symptoms like insomnia but not in core ADHD symptoms.

Levels 3 and 4, which included zinc, iron, psycnogenol, ningdong and magnesium, were subject to bias based on the methods of the study. The rest of the treatments studied — St. John’s Wort, G. biloba and carnitine — seemed to be largely ineffective, with potentially harmful side effects.

Dickson, who is a practicing physician, said that while he does not discourage the use of nutritional supplements for the treatment of ADHD, in his clinic he has not found them to be as effective as traditional medication.

Some experts are more optimistic regarding the efficacy of nutritional supplements.

“If it works, it works,” said Linda Anderson, who specializes in coaching adults with ADHD and has served on the Attention Deficit Disorder Association board for 10 years.

“One of my clients says that he swears when he takes omega-3 he thinks better.”

Both Anderson and Dickson said more research needs to be done in the area, and that there will be robust interest from patients in alternative approaches.

Ongoing studies are exploring the potential of the new approaches, Dickson said. For instance, one is analyzing a new drug, based on a vitamin derivative, called metadoxime that is showing promise in treating ADHD symptoms.

“We definitely need more research on nutritional supplements,” Dickson said. “Currently there are three nonstimulant drugs, and the rest are stimulants, but now we’re testing this drug [metadoxime].”

ADHD affects about 9 percent of American children ages 13-18 and about 4.1 percent of American adults, according to the National Institute of Mental Health.

Contact SONIA WANG at sonia.wang@yale.edu .

IF YOU MISSED IT SCORES

NFL Chicago 27 NY Jets 19

MLB NY Yankees 5 Baltimore 0

SPORTS QUICK HITS

MORGAN ROBERTS ’16 FOOTBALL The junior quarterback was named the Ivy League Co-Offensive Player of the Week for his performance against Lehigh on Saturday. The Charlotte, NC native completed 30 out of 39 passes en route to throwing for 356 yards and three touchdowns.

MLB Kansas City 2 Cleveland 0

y

MLB Toronto 14 Seattle 4

MLB Texas 4 Houston 3

FOR MORE SPORTS CONTENT, VISIT OUR WEB SITE yaledailynews.com/sports

KYLE CAZZETTA ’15 FOOTBALL Cazzetta, who hails from Slate Hill, NY, joined Roberts as an Ivy League award winner this week. The placekicker/ punter earned Special Teams Player of the Week honors after nailing both of his attempted field goals and all six extra point opportunities.

“On Sunday [we] played the best hockey we have to date.”

PAM STUPER FIELD HOCKEY

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2014 · yaledailynews.com

Field hockey comes up just short in dog fight FIELD HOCKEY

BY HOPE ALLCHIN CONTRIBUTING REPORTER The field hockey team returned from Boston dissatisfied that its record still does not reflect its playing ability.

The Bulldogs (1–5, 0–1 Ivy) faced rival Harvard (5–0, 1–0) on Saturday, Sept. 20 before taking on Boston University (4–3, 1–0 Patriot) on Sunday. Although the team limited Harvard to only one goal in the first half, Harvard broke away in the last 10 minutes of the game, scoring two goals and taking the contest by a score of 4–1. The game was Yale’s first loss of the weekend.

“Saturday was disappointing,” head coach Pam Stuper said. “It was not only the loss, but more so our play, and I think all the players would agree. We sat down Saturday night and talked about what adjustments we needed to make before the next game on Sunday.”

The next day, Yale played against BU. The Bulldogs scored two goals, the first by forward Jessie Accurso ’15 and the second by midfielder Carol Middough ’18 Yale led by one for almost the entirety of the second half, but the Terriers scored in the final two minutes of regulation play, sending the game into overtime. Each team loses four players from the field during overtime and the first goal wins, which Stuper said necessitates a different style of play.

“You have to play aggressive,” Stuper said. “It’s something we’re used to. To me,

Breaking down Yale’s spread offense

BY GRANT BRONSDON STAFF REPORTER With 6:51 remaining in the first quarter, it seemed like déjà vu for the Yale football team.

FOOTBALL

Despite leading 2–1, Yale field hockey lost to Boston University 2–1 in overtime on Sunday. going into it is exciting, and I’m confident that we have a chance of winning. When we get into that situation, we’re ready to play.”

At the 73-minute mark, BU player Rachel Coll scored the game-winning goal for her

Coed sailing wins at MIT

BY FREDERICK FRANK STAFF REPORTER After placing second at home last week, the coed sailing team performed even better this weekend, cruising to victory by a massive 98 point spread at the Hatch Brown Trophy. The Bulldogs mixed up their lineup before their trip to the event at MIT with several changes to their skipper and crew pairings, but still managed 23 podium finishes between all three divisions and 17 races.

SAILING “This weekend, all three of our divisions SEE SAILING PAGE 8

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The coed sailing team placed first and fifth at two regattas this weekend.

team to make the final score 3–2.

Although the game ended in a loss for Yale, the team remained positive about its prospects for the remainder of the season.

“On Sunday [we] played the

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best hockey we have to date,” Stuper said. “I am proud coming off a tough loss. We absolutely had a chance to win. We walked away with the feeling that we won, even without SEE FIELD HOCKEY PAGE 8

In the Bulldogs’ last game of the 2013 season against eventual Ivy League co-champion Harvard, the Elis fell behind by three touchdowns just 50 seconds into the second quarter en route to a 34–7 loss. Facing that same 21–0 deficit in this year’s season opener, many fans celebrating the 100th anniversary of the Yale Bowl were presumably down in the dumps.

But the Blue and White came back to win 54–43 on the strength of 683 total yards of offense, the most any Yale team has put up in over 10 years. Starting quarterback Morgan Roberts ’16 finished 30–39, passing for 356 yards and three touchdowns against just one interception, and a pair of running backs — Tyler Varga ’15 and Candler Rich ’17 — put up 100-plus yard rushing games.

It took perfect execution of three tenets of head coach Tony Reno’s spread offense to thoroughly dismantle the Mountain Hawks’ defense.

QUICK PASSES

One way to ease a new starting quarterback’s transition into the college game is by calling quick pass plays. If a signal caller can

focus on just one or two receivers as potential targets, he can avoid having to read the defense and find his best option, something that even experienced quarterbacks can have trouble with.

In Saturday’s game, Roberts would often take a short threestep dropback from the shotgun formation before firing a pass towards the sideline. His receiver would run a short out route and be open for a quick gain of seven to 10 yards.

Another quick passing option came via bubble screens. When in the shotgun, Roberts would sometimes take the snap, fake a handoff to the running back in the backfield and throw a quick pass to do-everything dynamo and captain Deon Randall ’15.

Randall would be lined up in the slot, with another receiver next to him lined up and ready to block for Randall, who would then use his speed to try and make something happen.

After establishing quick throws, the Bulldogs then added a twist. Instead of throwing the screen, Roberts would fake the screen to a receiver and throw downfield along the sideline.

One such throw to tight end Stephen Buric ’16 gained 19 yards and set up a Randall touchdown on the next play.

These passes — staples of the spread offense, which is named because it is designed to spread the defense and then use speed to gain yards — sound great SEE FOOTBALL PAGE 8

M. tennis starts season

BY KAITLYN SABIN CONTRIBUTING REPORTER The Yale men’s tennis team opened its season this past weekend at the Farnsworth Ivy Plus Invitational in Princeton, N.J. The Bulldogs were represented in both the singles and doubles brackets, but failed to capture many victories throughout the weekend-long tournament.

TENNIS The tournament brought 21 schools and 128 players from across the country to New Jersey. Yale had the opportunity to play against many teams it will see later on this season including Princeton, St. John’s and the University of Iowa.

“The Ivy Plus Invitational is the first tournament of the season, and I think everyone on the team enjoyed getting back into competitive play,” captain Zachary Krumholz ’15 said.

“We have four tournaments over the next five weeks, so we are excited to continue improving and competing throughout the fall.”

The singles draw featured two impressive performances from Tyler Lu ’17 and Alex Hagermoser ’17. Lu, who had a breakout tournament last year when he won the Singles B draw at the Ivy Plus tournament, played well again this year. He advanced to the quarterfinals after a long threeset victory over Bernardo Casares of Cornell, winning 6–2, 5–7, 7–5. He faced a competitor from Columbia in the quarterfinals, but could not pull out the win, losing 4–6, 2–6.

SEE MEN’S TENNIS PAGE 8

STAT OF THE DAY 4

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The men’s tennis team opened its season at the Ivy Plus tournament in Princeton, N.J.

TOTAL TOUCHDOWNS CONTRIBUTED BY MORGAN ROBERTS ’16 IN THE FOOTBALL TEAM’S VICTORY OVER LEHIGH ON SATURDAY. The junior quarterback threw touchdowns in the second, third and fourth quarters and added a score on the ground in the fourth.