Today's Paper by Yale Daily News

NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT · TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 2016 · VOL. CXXXVIII, NO. 80 · yaledailynews.com

INSIDE THE NEWS MORNING EVENING

LIGHT SNOW LIGHT SNOW

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CROSS CAMPUS

$CHIZOPHRENIA EARLY TESTS COST EFFECTIVE

PAY DAY DELAY

BULLDOGS IN THE...

International students wait for late tax returns after IRS stall

OCS INTERNSHIPS MORE POPULAR THAN IN 2015

PAGES 10–11 SCI-TECH

PAGE 3 UNIVERSITY

State sued over quarantine practices

First things first. The first-

in-the-nation primary election will take place in New Hampshire today. At 12:20 a.m. this morning, CNN announced that Ohio Gov. John Kasich led Donald Trump 3–2 and Sen. Bernie Sanders led former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton LAW ’73 after the first nine votes were cast in Dixville Notch, New Hampshire.

The doctor will see you now.

Yale College Dean Jonathan Holloway announced that he will resume his “Lunches with Dr. J.” series. Students are invited to sign up for a lottery through an email form. Twelve students will be randomly selected for each lunch, which will take place in the residential colleges, and there will be five over the course of the semester. Schmidheinous. The Law School will host a forum tomorrow to ask the question, “Should Yale revoke honorary degree for industrialist prosecuted for asbestos deaths?” The talk, which will be held at 6 p.m. at the Sterling Law Buildings, will discuss Swiss billionaire Stephan Schmidheiny. In 2012, he was found responsible for causing an asbestos disaster that took 2,000 lives in Italy. We will never be (ROIA)ls, but you might be. Sigma Phi

Epsilon and Kappa Alpha Theta are co-organizing a Valentine’s Day raffle. The winner will get a dinner for two at ROIA, worth $220, complete with wine pairings. Students can Venmo Kelsi Caywood ’18 $10 with the note “raffle” to enter. The raffle winner will be announced Wednesday, and all proceeds will benefit the Flint Water Fund.

The Gras is greener on the other side. Establishments

around the Elm City are offering promotions and hosting events to celebrate Mardi Gras today. The New Haven Free Public Library will host a parade at 5:30 p.m. and Elm City Social has prepared a one-night-only Louisianastyle menu. Tomorrow, the Yale College Council will host “Fat Woads” — a New Orleans-themed dance party. THIS DAY IN YALE HISTORY

1994 At a ceremony in Los Angeles, Performance magazine honors Toad’s Place as the “Best Nightclub in North America” in the under800 capacity category. Follow along for the News’ latest.

Twitter | @yaledailynews

New coffee cart on College Street first of its kind in the city PAGE 5 CITY

In crises, Salovey bypasses cabinet BY DAVID SHIMER STAFF REPORTER

I’ll teach you to be popular.

According to the latest U.S. census, almost 28,000 more people moved out of the Connecticut than moved into the state. The Constitution State saw one of the steepest population drops of any state. “As people leave, our state’s adjusted gross income is now the lowest it’s ever been,” Senate Minority Leader and prominent Connecticut Republican Len Fasano ’81 said.

DO THE JITTERBUS

IRENE JIANG/PHOTOGRAPHY EDITOR

The former and current YSPH students seek compensation for being quarantined in 2014. BY PADDY GAVIN AND ANDREA OUYANG STAFF REPORTERS Yale Law School students announced Monday that they have filed a lawsuit against the state of Connecticut challenging the legality of the fall 2014 quarantine of 13 individuals, including two Yale School of Public Health students who had returned to the state from an Ebola-affected country. The suit was filed against Gov. Dannel Malloy, Acting Commissioner of the Connecticut

Department of Public Health Raul Pino and the former commissioner Jewel Mullen, on behalf of 13 plaintiffs including former Yale public health student Ryan Boyko GRD ’18 and Laura Skrip GRD ’19. The suit argues that the governor acted illegally by ordering the quarantine of individuals returning to Connecticut from West Africa, including those who did not show symptoms of Ebola. The suit claims that the state ordered the quarantine without scientific basis or proven medical necessity, restricting the plain-

tiffs’ basic individual freedoms without due process. The state also did not provide the quarantined individuals with an adequate explanation of their rights, including their rights to legally challenge the quarantine, the suit argues. The document argues that the quarantined individuals were not provided resources, such as food, or aid for complying with the quarantine orders, according to the suit. Emma Roth LAW ’17, legal SEE EBOLA PAGE 6

Executive action to probe pay equity BY FINNEGAN SCHICK STAFF REPORTER The Obama administration proposed an executive action last week that would require companies with over 100 employees, including universities like Yale, to report to the federal government how much they pay their employees by race, gender and ethnicity. On Jan. 29, the White House — in partnership with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and the Department of Labor — proposed addi-

tions to the 2009 Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act, legislation that aimed to make it easier for workers to challenge unequal pay. If Obama’s proposal takes effect in 2017, Yale would be legally required to release information it currently keeps to itself. Yale professors and equal pay advocates showed support for the action, stating that all institutions, including the University, should be more transparent about how much employees are being paid. “It’s a step that could improve fairness for women and under-

represented groups in academic medicine,” medical school professor Barbara Burtness, who is also a member of Yale’s Committee on the Status of Women in Medicine, said. “There will undoubtedly continue to be bias in the ways in which academic work is evaluated, but I see this ruling as a very constructive step.” Obama’s proposal rose out of an April 2014 recommendation from the National Equal Pay Task Force, and would bring SEE WHITE HOUSE PAGE 6

In 2013, University President Peter Salovey created a formal cabinet of professional school deans, University vice presidents and the provost, to unite Yale’s leaders under one umbrella organization. Immediately after its inception, Salovey said the purpose of the body was to serve as a “feedback mechanism,” “a brainstorming mechanism” and “a way to help deans and vice presidents know what the other is doing and worrying about.” Following the Nov. 17 campuswide announcement entitled “Toward a Better Yale,” in which Salovey announced several initiatives in response to campus conversations about racism and discrimination, administrators within Woodbridge Hall told the News that Salovey worked closely with his cabinet in developing the plan. But interviews with the majority of professional school deans, several vice presidents, the provost, Salovey and his senior staff, as well as the review of emails between the President’s Office and the cabinet, suggest that most members of the cabinet, especially professional school deans, were excluded from the development of these initiatives. Rather, under a compressed time frame, an inner circle of cabinet officials — Salovey, University Provost Benjamin Polak, Yale College Dean Jonathan Holloway, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Dean Tamar Gendler and University Secretary and Vice President for Student Life Kimberly Goff-Crews — worked with one another and the president’s senior staff to formulate action steps. In hindsight, Salovey said he would have liked to give the cabinet more input and time to review the initiatives.

THE CABINET SPEAKS

Most cabinet members

interviewed were not substantially involved in the development process. For some, like Vice President for Alumni Affairs and Development Joan O’Neill, this level of involvement felt appropriate. Graduate School Dean Lynn Cooley said it was reasonable that she was not heavily involved in the development process because November’s controversies emerged largely from Yale College. And Dean of the School of Medicine Robert Alpern said he “did not participate” in decision-making while Salovey developed the initiatives. But Alpern said Salovey shared the policies with him before their wider distribution to the Yale community. But other University leaders were more upset about being excluded from decisions that affect the University as a whole. “President Salovey said things to suggest that University leadership was engaged, and by implication that could mean people like me, but I was not engaged,” Yale School of Management Dean Ted Snyder said, adding that he does not know of any school deans who were substantively involved, other than Holloway. Divinity School Dean Gregory Sterling said his role “was minimal” but that he “would like to have been more involved.” “I wasn’t happy with the process at all,” Dean of the School of Public Health Paul Cleary said. “Everyone would have liked to have had more time for input and discussion, so I don’t think anyone was happy with it.” Salovey said he had an in-person cabinet meeting and a separate cabinet phone call during the most turbulent weeks of November. Polak also hosted a call with the deans. Both administrators emphasized that several of the initiatives announced on Nov. 17 had been in the works prior to the campus controversies. Cooley said deans were SEE CABINET PAGE 4

International students face extra hurdles in job hunt BY MONICA WANG STAFF REPORTER Across campus, students clad in suits run to and from interviews at the Office of Career Strategy on the third floor of 55 Whitney Ave. It is internship season, and students are busy browsing Yale’s Symplicity website and drafting plans for the summer. For Yale College’s international students, there is an additional challenge to securing their dream summer internships. While international students are given student visas to support their time studying in the United States, they must also apply for Optional Practical Training — additional time to pursue work related to their fields of study — if they wish to work off-campus either during the school year, over summer breaks or after graduation. Students who are not pursuing degrees in STEM fields are allotted a total of 12 months of OPT to work in the United States,

while STEM majors are eligible for a 17-month extension that amounts to 29 months of OPT in total. But a district court judge in Washington, D.C. recently ruled in favor of a court case challenging the STEM extension, meaning that unless the Department of Homeland Security updates its policies, all international STEM students and recent graduates currently working in the United States under OPT could lose their authorization for extension on May 10. The May date is already a postponement from the original expiration date, which was slated for Feb. 12 until the judge extended it last month. But even if new OPT extensions are issued, international students pursuing summer internships and work after graduation — both in and out of STEM fields — already face challenges that their American peers do not. If international students wish to work in the United States after graduation, they must allocate nine months of OPT to the

ROBBIE SHORT/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

International students must apply for permission beyond their student visas to work off campus. time between graduation in May and April 1 of the next year, when their domestic employers become eligible to apply for work visas on their behalf. This leaves just three months for nonSTEM students to pursue a sum-

mer internship during all of their undergraduate years. Even for STEM students, who would currently still have 20 months available, finding research opportunities that sponsor international students can be difficult.

“[The OPT] can be frustrating, because it requires you to think quite broadly about how to use your summers,” Director of the Office of International SEE INTERNATIONAL PAGE 6

PAGE 2

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 2016 · yaledailynews.com

OPINION

.COMMENT “Quotas are superficial — substance is what truly matters.” yaledailynews.com/opinion

Breaking up with banks T

he air is thick with arguments for shrinking the size of the financial sector. Bernie Sanders provides a solid few. So does “The Big Short.” There’s a chorus of articles and op-eds available for perusal. Essentially, detractors of the financial sector say that the size of Wall Street doesn’t correlate with a justifiably positive impact on Main Street. We’ve all heard this. And we’ve all seen some or many of our friends here head off into the shiny world of investment banks and hedge funds. But Yale is a small school, and even if the financial sector draws a large percentage of its students, the numbers still don’t really paint a clear picture of the size of the industry or make a convincing argument for why the industry itself, and not just the percentage of Yale students who enter it, is too large. Fortunately, I have found compelling arguments elsewhere. The evidence I’ve encountered is more persuasive than any campaign speech or Jacobin article, and I’ve happened upon it while innocently looking for love. Specifically, looking for love on The League, the dating app with a waitlist that promises to help you “date intelligently,” but in my case seems to primarily involve rejecting financial analysts at a higher rate than Goldman HR. For many, February is a sad time to be single because half the month seems to be a buildup to Valentine’s Day, and then it’s the white-hot heart of cuffing season. But instead of indulging in chocolate or Tinder, I’ve decided to take my frustration out on the financial sector. Since the beginning of the month, I’ve been tracking my analyst rejection rate on The League. Keep in mind that you are only introduced to five “potential soul mates” per day. These are the analysts whom I’ve scorned thus far: four investment banking analysts and a restructuring investment banking analyst, an embedded analyst, a hedge fund analyst, a senior analyst, a senior investment analyst, an MBA analyst intern, a data marketing analyst, an optimization & innovation analyst, a technical writer and operations analyst, a research analyst, a fixed income analyst and two plain old runof-the-mill analysts. I won’t even get into the associates. Since its launch, The League has been accused of being many things: elitist, classist, racist, superficial. These descriptors are all accurate to varying degrees. One good thing about a dating app for people who take themselves too seriously is that they also take dating-app dating seriously, so matches usually message or respond to messages and attempt real conversations. Sometimes, I get the sense that these men are really

just using finance to support other interests and passions. (I must admit that I myself have ponCAROLINE dered this route once in SYDNEY a while when scrolling Selfthrough ediabsorbed torial assistant salaries on Glassdoor.) Take, for example, “athlete banker comic surfer dude.” So well-rounded. I can respect that a little bit. The athlete comes before the banker and at the end of the day — hey! He’s just a dude. There’s a world in which I could go for that. My finger hovers over the “like” option. The League is classy — we don’t swipe, we tap gently, as if with a brass knocker. But then I regain my resolve.

FEBRUARY IS A SAD TIME TO BE SINGLE BECAUSE HALF THE MONTH SEEMS TO BE A BUILDUP TO VALENTINE’S DAY. BUT INSTEAD OF INDULGING IN CHOCOLATE OR TINDER, I’VE DECIDED TO TAKE MY FRUSTRATION OUT ON THE FINANCIAL SECTOR Whenever I begin to waver, a new gem comes along: “Cash rules everything around me except when other asset classes provide higher risk-adjusted yields.” Which even as satire comes off as a bit aggressive. I don’t have the econ background to be making this stuff up, I promise. Sometimes I wonder if I should stop pretending this app could be useful for my love life and go straight for the stock tips. But then I would just be another person seeking asset classes with the highest riskadjusted yield. On the plus side, that might be easier to find than true love. CAROLINE SYDNEY is a senior in Silliman College. Her column runs on alternate Tuesdays. Contact her at caroline.sydney@yale.edu .

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'BROMETHEUS' ON 'ARONSON: DIVERSIFY THE FACULTY, ACTUALLY'

Money for schools, not lawyers S

ay you had $40,000 to improve public education in New Haven. How would you spend it? Perhaps you’d improve upon the new restorative-justice programs that are being implemented in schools citywide: For instance, some middle-school students in New Haven are being trained as “peer mediators,” resolving conflicts between their younger peers, with great success. Parent advocates on the Citywide Parent Team, one of the most vocal advocates for investing in restorative practices, would agree with you. Perhaps you’d raise the pay of New Haven’s paraprofessionals — multitasking classroom aides who provide teachers with critical support but are often paid less than $20,000 a year. Mayor Toni Harp, who has proposed steep raises in paraprofessional pay, would agree with you. Or perhaps, you would give that entire sum to two law firms so that the Board of Alders — New Haven’s legislature — can sue the city's Board of Education. The Alders would agree — that’s what they chose to do. Let me first outline the remarkably trivial nature of this conflict in broad strokes. In 2013, the Board of Alders amended the City Charter, New Haven’s constitution. One of the changes was to reduce the number of mayoral appointees on the Board of Education from six to five, while adding two new elected members. But after the new members were elected in 2015, the charter provided no guidance on how

to reduce the number of mayoral appointees on the board from six to five. None of the members’ terms were FISH set to expire, STARK and the city’s chief lawyer Elm City advised the Board of Eduemphasis cation that they could not remove a member “without cause.” So in December, the Board of Education voted unanimously to allow an eight-member “transition” board until 2017. Then, two appointed members’ terms will expire, and Harp will appoint one successor. (And here’s where the drama begins.) The Board of Alders disagreed and, days later, passed a resolution calling for the immediate removal of board member Daisy Gonzalez — someone who had been confirmed by the alders little more than a year prior. Harp and the Board of Education stood their ground, and Gonzalez continued attending meetings. Then, in an improbably absurd act of escalation, the Board of Alders sued the Board of Education. Let me state the obvious: New Haven is not wealthy. It raises the bulk of its revenue from property taxes — a daunting feat when most of the land in the city is nontaxable, including Yale, public parks, hospitals and schools. The rest of its

budget comes from unreliable and underfunded aid packages from the state government. This means that funding for police, firefighters, public health and education is already stretched thin. But despite these realities, the city is now paying tens of thousands of dollars to two lawyers so that it can sue itself. The Board of Alders is behaving outrageously. To be clear, the city charter is nothing to be treated lightly. But we should not waste valuable resources fighting to remove a sitting member from the Board of Education (not to mention the only current New Haven Public School parent on the body) in the middle of her term without cause. The Board of Education’s plan would mean that they would be fully compliant with the charter in under a year. Is that so unacceptable? And if the alders are so concerned that an eight-member board might be “subject to lawsuits,” as they claim, why are they trying to solve the problem by filing suit themselves? The Citywide Parent Team has offered to mediate the dispute for free — the alders should take them up on that offer rather than paying $250 an hour to their attorney. Since Harp was inaugurated, her office and the Board of Education have worked together to champion many exciting initiatives for New Haven’s youth: restorative practices in schools, an early-literacy campaign, an exciting new teen center and the nationally recognized Youth Stat program to support at-risk youth. In contrast, the Board of Alders has focused most of its energy on solv-

ing New Haven’s job crisis. While their efforts have been important and worthwhile, it begs the question: Why the sudden interest in the Board of Education, and why this issue in particular?

THE CITY IS NOW PAYING TENS OF THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS TO TWO LAWYERS SO THAT IT CAN SUE ITSELF The truth is that this lawsuit will likely have absolutely zero bearing on the care and education New Haven students receive. Rather, it’s a nakedly political wrestling match between the city’s different power players, and a distraction from the very real issues in New Haven’s public schools. Students deserve far better. The Board of Alders should drop the lawsuit and use the money to bolster the efforts to improve schools that are currently underway. Maybe it is the New Haven middle-school students who could teach the alders a thing or two about how to productively resolve schoolyard disputes. FISH STARK is a junior in Jonathan Edwards College. His column runs on alternate Tuesdays. Contact him at fortney.stark@yale.edu .

G U E S T C O L U M N I S T AV I G A Y I L H A L P E R N

God and woman at Yale

eing a religious woman at Yale is a balancing act. Since arrived in the fall, I’ve slowly become more comfortable saying “Actually, I don’t celebrate Halloween,” and “Sorry, I just need to take five minutes to pray before it gets dark.” Though Yale often can feel like a space that does not accommodate people of faith, it’s not hostile to religion either. As some recent columns in the News have described, there is a strong minority of individuals who strive to live in accordance with traditions they believe to be the will of God. I am among these people. My college experience is structured around prayer three times a day and ample time for Torah study, in addition to classes and extracurricular commitments. In some ways, my religion has allowed me to feel like an insider at Yale. The Biblical references Locke makes are familiar, and when the week’s Directed Studies philosophy lecturer describes Spinoza’s excommunication, I can picture the traditional Jewish community he was thrown out of. But my relationship to religion, and especially its intersection with gender, is more complex than some on campus would imagine that interaction to be. The Orthodox Judaism I grew up practicing separates men from women in prayer contexts. As a girl who excelled in Talmud class but was denied participation in

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the synagogue, the question of “How can I best serve God?” has always been complicated by gender. My genuine delight in Jewish study took me from left-wing Orthodox Judaism to Traditional Egalitarian Judaism. While in Orthodoxy, women are exempt from certain ritual duties, I now understand myself — as a full citizen of the secular and religious realms — to bear the weight of all the obligations of a Jewish legal adult. I live a life striving to live up to these obligations, to meet God’s commands as much as I can. To be a Jew striving to live a life in service to the Divine through adherence to Jewish law often puts me in community with those who do not share my perspective on gender. While on Shabbat I pray with a gender-egalitarian congregation, during the week I usually daven with a group of kind, interesting and serious people who do not count me in their prayer quorum nor offer me the opportunity to lead prayer. This usually doesn’t trouble me. There are days when there are two women and eight men in the room, and we need to hunt down two more men in order to pray as a community of 10 (the minimum number required by Jewish law to constitute a prayer community). Being excluded used to poke a raw place, but now that I have settled into a practice in which I fully count, it hurts much less when others believe religious law asks different things. Still, there are

The serious problem with Yale’s promotion system

The fact that one of my senior colleagues in American Studies felt it necessary to comment anonymously in the News on the denial of promotion to Professor Birgit Brander Rasmussen is a sign that Yale is less the exalted public sphere of free speech it claims to be than the weird hybrid it is: part elite secret society; part University with the freedoms of the academy; and part private corporation, always watching for whistleblowers. But I can understand the impulse of my colleague. The American Studies program would lose the respect of scholarly colleagues across the country if they thought we had turned down such a promising scholar for promotion to associate professor on term (it was not a

some days when hearing my dear friends say, “We need one more for a minyan,” — even as I stand there uncounted — hits at some deep well of bitterness. On those days I pray quickly and sadly, yet I have thus far always returned on the next day to that same community.

IT IS IMPORTANT TO ME TO STAND WITH OTHERS IN WORSHIP EVEN THOUGH THESE ENVIRONMENTS ARE ONE OF THE FEW AT YALE THAT EXCLUDES ME Feminist spaces are not hard to find at Yale. I’m fortunate to attend this University at a time when I can learn with and from remarkable women, and where I have not felt restricted in my ability to speak up in class. My womanhood does not negate my personhood here. But the place I feel most fully a person is as a person standing before God, in religious

case of tenure at this point). Moreover, the case does point to serious problems with Yale’s promotion system. I was one of the senior faculty members who presented the case to the University promotions committee. Afterwards, we were told by the dean that more people voted for Professor Rasmussen’s promotion than voted against it; however, there were so many abstentions that the promotion did not have the necessary majority of the committee, and was thus turned down (since I was not in the room for the deliberations or the vote, I am not bound by the meeting’s confidentiality; moreover, in this case, Yale’s confidentiality is a positive harm to Professor Rasmussen’s scholarly reputation, since it encourages the inaccurate inference that a majority of those who reviewed her voted against her). It has always seemed to me that there could only be two reasons for the numerous abstentions: Either conflicts of interest (in which

community. And so, it is an aching paradox that the place which most affirms my personhood — a place of prayer — is also where I am most regularly rendered invisible and secondary. Ultimately, it is important to me to stand with others in worship even though these environments are one of the few at Yale that excludes me. Gender differentiation is not part of my ideal Jewish community, and it is not part of the Jewish communities that I hold most valuable. But it is with those I regularly pray alongside whom I feel perhaps the closest bond. I could join any extracurricular on campus, gender irrelevant, and yet I opt into this one. The intersection of religion and gender at Yale is much deeper than my prayer practice. Whether discussing sex on campus, life goals, planning for the future or housing, I speak simultaneously as a religious person and as a woman. Taking religion and gender seriously in our community needs to begin with more open conversation about faith and an appreciation for organized religion’s emphasis on seeking something greater than oneself. So let’s talk about religious Yalies and what they need. But a conversation about religion at Yale should begin with questions of how to live, not where to live. AVIGAYIL HALPERN is a freshman in Silliman College. Contact her at abigail.halpern@yale.edu .

case the members should have recused themselves), or the lack of knowledge or interest on the part of the committee members about the fields in question and the candidate’s work, making them reluctant, or unable, to judge its scholarly value, even with the testimonies from expert outside letters. Those abstentions belie Professor Hungerford’s confidence that, as quoted by the News, “Ethnic studies cases would be no further from the expertise of readers in the room than other cases are.” And it confirms the words of the “senior faculty of color who recently left Yale” who, according to the News, “said many minority faculty are getting cut at the divisional level because of the humanities committee’s lack of expertise in the study of diversity and ethnicity.” MICHAEL DENNING The writer is a professor of American Studies.

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 2016 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 3

NEWS

“Big jobs usually go to the men who prove their ability to outgrow small ones.” RALPH WALDO EMERSON TRANSCENDENTALIST WRITER AND THINKER

International students await tax refunds

CORRECTIONS MONDAY, FEB. 8

The story “Pro-choice rally gathers local support” incorrectly stated that Planned Parenthood provides both prenatal screenings and care for low-income patients. In fact, the organization only provides prenatal care. The article also misspelled IV Staklo’s name as IV Slatko and misquoted her as saying, “This issue is not about abortion.” In fact, she said, “This issue is not just about abortion.”

Yale-coordinated internship apps rise GRAPHIC YALE INTERNSHIP PROGRAM APPLICATIONS 53% INCREASE

32% INCREASE INTERNATIONAL INTERSHIPS

BUCKLEY INTERSHIPS INTERNSHIP APPLICATIONS LAST YEAR

200% INCREASE

BULLDOGS IN THE BIG EASY INTERSHIPS

100% INCREASE BULLDOGS ON THE LAKES INTERSHIPS ELLIE HANDLER/PRODUCTION & DESIGN EDITOR

BY JON VICTOR STAFF REPORTER With only a small percentage of open programs remaining, the Office of Career Strategy has already received more applications for this summer’s Yalecoordinated summer internships than it did in 2015. Students completed 1,898 applications for international and domestic programs through Symplicity, an online interface for students to submit job application materials. The deadline to apply for most internships organized through the University was Feb. 2, though a number of programs will continue accepting applications into the spring. Last year, OCS received 1,756 total applications for domestic and international internships, some of which accepted applications through April of last year. The most recent rise was concentrated among international internships, which increased from 986 applications in 2015 to 1,303 in 2016. There remain more than 80 Yale-coordinated internships still accepting applications through Symplicity. Jeanine Dames, director of OCS and associate dean of Yale College, attributed the overall increase in applications to more extensive outreach efforts by career advisors and the implementation of the student ambassador program, through which former internship participants communicate with other students about their experiences. “We had a truly outstanding group of student ambassadors who made themselves available to answer questions for students about their individual experiences and also the programs overall,” Dames said. “Several of our ambassadors held meet-andgreet gatherings in the colleges and hosted dinners to talk about each country experience.” Dames added that this academic year, OCS advisors held career workshops and resume review sessions in two residential colleges and Bass Library, which she said helped students learn about more summer opportunities. Julia Bourque, who manages international internships and is the assistant director of OCS, also highlighted the ambassador program as a contributing factor to the growth in application numbers. “[The ambassadors] have been wonderful in sharing their time to represent their past summer internships at the CIPE Fair in November, hosting information lunches and dinners and being available by email to answer stu-

dent questions,” Bourque said. The number of applications for domestic internships remains slightly lower than the total received last year. Five-hundred ninety-five applications have been submitted thus far, compared to 770 by the end of last spring. But Brian Frenette, who oversees the domestic internship programs and serves as associate director of OCS, said he expects this year’s final number to surpass that figure, as dozens of opportunities remain unfilled. Domestic internships are held in seven cities across the United States, including Minneapolis, New Orleans and Louisville, Kentucky. Frenette said applications for the Bulldogs on the Lakes program in Minneapolis have doubled in number since last year, while applications for Bulldogs in the Big Easy — which takes place in New Orleans — have tripled. Furthermore, applications for five William F. Buckley, Jr. Program internships, a series of programs in fields related to media, rose by 53 percent, according to Frenette. Josh Altman ’17, president of the Buckley Program, said the organization advertised the Buckley-sponsored internships through on-campus posters and its Facebook and Twitter pages. In addition, Altman said, the Buckley Program reached out to relevant academic departments and undergraduate organizations. Bourque said OCS used similar outreach strategies for its international internships, working closely with academic departments and student organizations to make students aware of internships that might interest them. She said the International Students Organization publicized international internships among its members and the Economics Department distributed a list of internships in business, consulting and finance. While Joseph Gaylin ’19 said he was not interested in applying for any of the Yale-coordinated internships, he said the internship opportunities were very visible to students. He said it was hard to miss hearing about the internships, as they were mentioned in emails from his college dean, Master’s Office and OCS, as well as in conversations with friends. Julia Kichorowsky ’17, who also did not apply for an internship, said increased discussion about the internships among students may have contributed to the rise in applications. OCS is located at 55 Whitney Ave. Contact JON VICTOR at jon.victor@yale.edu .

BY JOEY YE STAFF REPORTER International students across the country may have to wait a whole year before they receive refunds on their tax returns. Each year, the Internal Revenue Service taxes international students on financial aid for the money they receive from their respective institutions. As a result, these students must later file tax returns indicating the amount the IRS deducted from their scholarship money, in order to receive a refund, as this scholarship money is not a source of income and is therefore supposed to be tax-exempt. However, this year the IRS has delayed the arrival of refunds twice, each for a period of six months, citing the need to review the returns. Although the IRS has not specified the exact reason for the freeze, students will be compensated for the delay at an unspecified interest rate. Still, international students interviewed said the refund is usually of a sizable amount, ranging from $800 to$1,000, and the delay has caused major inconvenience. “There has been a lot of confusion going on, and at first I thought it was only me before I realized no one else had gotten their returns back yet either,” said Yupei Guo ’17, a student from China who is expecting roughly $1,000 in refunds. Guo said she was $300 short of the money she needed to pay her tuition in November, a situation that would not have arisen had she received her tax return on time. She was forced to borrow money from a friend in order to meet the fee. “The delay was not because I had filled out the form wrong, although I am unsure what the reason is,” Guo said. Additionally, she noted that she is also owed approximately $300 more in tax refunds for her student job at Yale. Amen Jalal ’17, a student

ROBBIE SHORT/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

International students have had their 2015 tax refunds delayed. from Pakistan, said the IRS owes her around $1,000, and many of her friends are owed the same. “It definitely creates a problem in the sense that you expected $1,000 to be in your account at this time but it’s not, so if you expected to be able to use it and now can’t, that’s a problem,” Jalal said. “However, since I’m kind of aware that it won’t come any time soon, it hasn’t caused much difficulties for me.” The reason for the postponement remains unclear. Director of the Office of International Students & Scholars Ann Kuhlman said that from what OISS understands, the IRS needs additional time to review certain credits on the nonresident tax returns submitted. Certified public accountant Gary Engler, whose company was cited by OISS in its announcement of the delay on its website, speculated that

the cause may be a fraudulent application. Every year, people try to rip the IRS off by falsifying documents and withholding forms, he said, leading them to receive refunds that they are not entitled to. He added that if this happens, the IRS system may not be sophisticated enough to detect the source, leading to an indefinite hold on all the forms until the culprit is found. “The only thing students can do is probably call the IRS and apply pressure,” Engler said. “The problem with calling the IRS is you need to make sure you’re in a comfortable chair and have something to eat while you wait for them to answer, and then you might get an answer that satisfies you or not.” The timing of the suspension has varied from person to person. Guo said she received the second notice around October indicating that an additional delay would

be necessary. Mevlut Ikiz ’17, a student from Turkey, said he received a letter in November explaining that he would have to wait another six months for his tax refunds. Yale is not the only college experiencing this difficulty. Kuhlman said international students around the U.S. are faced with the same challenge. “[OISS] continues to explore options for expediting these returns. Students experiencing financial hardships because of a delayed tax refund can be in touch with the Office of Student Financial Services which is aware of these delays,” Kuhlman said. “Students can also be in touch with OISS with questions about filing the 2015 tax return.” Yale has 4,462 international students and scholars, according to the Office of Institutional Research. Contact JOEY YE at shuaijiang.ye@yale.edu .

Harp proposes wage increase BY REBECCA KARABUS STAFF REPORTER Mayor Toni Harp proposed a significant starting-wage increase for some of New Haven’s lowest-earning city workers in a radio interview with WNHH last Monday. Harp’s calls for higher wages come in response to a Brookings Institution report released Jan. 14 that ranked New Haven and its surrounding metropolitan area sixth among the 10 cities with the highest income inequality nationwide. The report also found that income inequality has grown at a faster rate in New Haven since 2007 than in any other city. Natalie Holmes ’10, a senior research assistant at the Brookings Institution — a nonprofit public-policy organization based in Washington, D.C. — and Alan Berube, a senior fellow and former policy advisor to the U.S. Treasury, led the study, which analyzed income inequality in both major cities and surrounding metropolitan

areas. During the radio interview, Harp discussed opportunities to increase wages within the education sector. “Income disparity disproportionately impacts lowwage earners who already struggle to keep current with the cost of living and whose wages simply don’t increase as meaningfully as higher-wage earners,” Harp said in a statement to the News. Harp said that New Haven Public Schools’ paraprofessionals — unlicensed teaching assistants who often support students with special needs or learning disabilities — merit higher wages. Paraprofessionals start out in NHPS earning $18,000 annually, Harp said, but she would like to see their starting annual income rise to $25,000 or $30,000. Paraprofessionals’ current average starting salary of $18,000 leaves them in the bottom 20th percentile of wage earners in the New Haven metro area, according to the Brookings data. While Harp recog-

nized that income inequality exists across many sectors in the city, she did not propose specific wage increases for other groups during the radio interview. Harp noted that many paraprofessionals earn only “modest wages” despite having advanced degrees. She added that many grade-school teachers in NHPS say paraprofessionals play an integral role in the classroom. “I asked some of the teachers in the earlier grades, ‘What is it that you need the most?’ And they need that other body in the classroom,” Harp said on the radio. City spokesman Laurence Grotheer said the proposed pay raise for paraprofessionals would be built into the Board of Education’s new budget for the 2017 school year, which Harp will craft with budget architects Victor De La Paz, the BOE’s chief financial officer, and NHPS Superintendent Garth Harries ’95. Grotheer said the BOE must submit its

ROBBIE SHORT/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

Harp called for a significant starting-wage increase for some of New Haven’s lowest-earning city workers.

proposed budget to the Board of Alders on March 1. Grotheer said Harp will begin working toward adjusting paraprofessionals’ wages in the next few weeks, but acknowledged that the proposed raise is uncertain at this time. Harp said in the radio interview that the proposed 39 percent increase in paraprofessionals’ salaries would come from within the existing BOE budget, not from a citywide tax hike. Holmes noted that alleviating income inequality in any city is a complicated problem that requires a holistic approach. “In general, I’m inclined to believe that we shouldn’t seek a single silver-bullet policy to address income inequality, but should instead look for a variety of complementary policy levers and mechanisms to support low-income workers and families,” Holmes wrote in an email to the News. New Haven Economic Development Administrator Matthew Nemerson SOM ’81 said he “applauds” Harp’s efforts to increase lower-earning workers’ wages, even if it comes at the expense of the city’s higher earners. He added that he hopes other employers in the city will emulate Harp’s proposal and increase their lowest earners’ starting wages. “If you do have the power to make a difference in terms of your own pay scales, at least try to make it a little bit more equitable with your own employees,” Nemerson said. “If that means people on the upper end — which includes me — make a little less, I think it’s the right thing and that’s the kind of example that we would want to set for the society if we can.” The BOE employs 483 paraprofessionals. Contact REBECCA KARABUS at rebecca.karabus@yale.edu .

PAGE 4

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 2016 · yaledailynews.com

FROM THE FRONT

“No matter what time it is, wake me, even if it’s in the middle of a Cabinet meeting.” RONALD REAGAN 40TH PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES

Cabinet members largely uninvolved in November decisions CABINET FROM PAGE 1 “pretty plugged in” to the extent it was possible to include more than a dozen voices substantively. But during the cabinet meeting, she added, Salovey focused primarily on the feelings students had shared with him rather than potential efforts to address them. Salovey said the basic agenda of the in-person meeting was to develop a shared understanding of campus happenings, not to discuss the details of potential responses. Similarly, Snyder said the conference call centered on campus happenings but “was not a discussion of policy.” “I think some of the deans would have liked to have been more involved in the details of some of the initiatives, especially as they play out in the schools, and I respect that,” Salovey said. “I think we learned some lessons for the next time we are developing broad policies in a very discrete time horizon.” Cooley said once the initiatives were drafted, the President’s Office gave the cabinet a “very compressed” timeline to offer comments. Sterling said while the contents of Salovey’s announcement were shared with the deans in advance, they were not given much time to provide feedback. Snyder said deans’ lack of opportunity to engage with the President’s Office prompted conflict between “several deans” and Salovey. “The cabinet was briefed on Salovey’s statement ‘Toward a Better Yale’ on the 17th — the same day it was released — and only because of objections was a three-hour window created for comments,” he said. “Initially, no time was given, so we objected, and then we got the three hours. But nothing was going to change. And, at that point, I don’t think it was reasonable to believe anything would change.” Cleary also said he does not believe that any of the professional school deans’ comments “changed anything.” He added that that opportunity to provide feedback was the first time he was involved. But Salovey said there was pressure to move fairly quickly, as the University had committed to releasing the initiatives before Thanksgiving break. Considering the difficulties of the time frame, Salovey said the cabinet was kept “very much in the loop.” “Do I think there could have been even more outreach and interchange? Absolutely yes,” he said. “But do I also think that this was moving very quickly and that we needed to come to conclusions in a reasonable time frame, that is true too.” Polak said the events of November were “fast-moving” and that many people from across Yale pitched in to help in whatever ways they could. Salovey said he believes vice presidents felt more involved than professional school deans for structural reasons, as he has a weekly meeting with the vice presidents. Cleary said he understands that Salovey had to move under immense time pressure as a result of the rapid pace at which events unfolded. “It was not optimal, and I was not pleased,” he said. “But I also want to express sympathy for the contingency under which [Salovey] and others involved were operating. The problem is people felt like they had something to offer and were eager to help the president and his officers, but they were not able to do so.” Similarly, Sterling said that the urgency in November constrained the president. He added that, given these circumstances, he does not fault Salovey for his approach, as he made “the tough calls” required of a leader. But given that the initiatives did not concern only Yale College, Salovey said cabinet members were justified in wanting more time to review them. “In retrospect, I would have liked for them to have more time to contemplate it,” he said. “Would I have preferred that we had been in a position to have interacted more systematically and elicited input more broadly, the answer is yes.”

RESPONDING TO THE IAC

Beyond the development of University initiatives, cabinet members said they also were not part of Holloway’s decision to announce in an email to Yale College students that he was “fully

in support” of the Intercultural Affairs Committee asking students to select culturally sensitive Halloween costumes — a message Silliman College Associate Master Erika Christakis had controversially pushed back against. They also were not consulted on Salovey’s decision to say, in an interview with the News, that he supported Holloway’s decision. Snyder said he took issue with Salovey and Holloway’s independent approach because of its implications on the entire University. “Where I was troubled was having Dean Holloway take a position in favor of the IAC and implicitly say therefore I don’t agree with [Christakis’] statements, and then having the stakes increase when Salovey endorsed Dean Holloway’s statement,” Snyder said. “That combination of statements in that context implicates the whole University.” He added that to his knowledge, Salovey and Holloway formulated their reactions without consulting other cabinet members. Still, Cooley said it seemed entirely appropriate for the dean of Yale College to respond independently of the cabinet, because the IAC falls under the jurisdiction of Yale College. Cleary also said he found Holloway’s decision to support the IAC reasonable, and Sterling said, as a dean himself, he would have been “very upset” if his “hands had been tied and [he] couldn’t say something.” Holloway said he did not consult the cabinet about his decision, adding that it did not even occur to him to do so because “it’s the president’s cabinet, not mine,” and because the matter concerned his constituents. He also said he would not expect consultation on a message the dean of a professional school was planning to send to his or her students. “As a general rule, it’s not that every unit of Yale has complete autonomy, but there is a kind of respect for letting deans and their teams run their schools and not second-guessing each other publicly, so that deans and their teams are not always looking over their shoulders,” Salovey said. “They are entitled to the freedom to have that reaction and to write memos on many issues — not on every issue — that reflect the culture of that school.” Sterling said Christakis works under Holloway, so it was his responsibility to respond to the issue at hand. The gravity of the situation necessitated a response from Salovey as well, he added. But Snyder said Holloway and Salovey left the reach of their comments — whether they applied to Yale College or the entire University — ambiguous. “When these statements come out, not only was there no input, but I think it’s fair to say that there was not an understanding — at least from some parts

of the broader Yale community — what was the carry: Was the intention to focus just on Yale College, was the idea to provide guidance for all of Yale? It was unclear,” Snyder said. “I personally saw adverse consequences of having the dean of the college and the president of the University supporting the IAC and, during that time period, even though they were saying they believed in freedom of speech, there was no statement in support of the faculty who disagreed with the IAC.”

THE INSIDERS

In November, Salovey developed an inner circle of high-level administrators — Holloway, Gendler, Polak and Goff-Crews — as well as Senior Advisor to the President Martha Highsmith and Chief of Staff Joy McGrath. Goff-Crews told the News that the group attended several meetings where “organic” drafting of the initiatives took place. She said Salovey assembled the team, which she called the “heart” of the development process, to think about how the University could respond to student concerns. “They would last as long as it took — I’m talking as long as it took. Many of us don’t remember getting sleep,” she said. “We talked about issues and explored ways in which we could respond to student requests.” Cabinet members interviewed said the involvement of Holloway, Gendler, Polak and GoffCrews stemmed from the areas over which they have jurisdiction, most publicly Holloway, as campus issues initially stemmed from Yale College. Holloway told the News that he worked closely with the president as events unfolded. “I was certainly deeply engaged and felt like side-by-side partners with President Salovey,” he said. School of Nursing Dean Ann Kurth said her impression is that Holloway was “intimately” involved, and Sterling said Holloway was “obviously part of Salovey’s inner circle.” Salovey added that Gendler, Holloway, Polak and Goff-Crews were given significant input into the crafting of that document. Polak’s involvement, Salovey said, stemmed from the fact that several University initiatives involved resources he governs. Salovey and other senior administrators interviewed said drafting the initiatives was a collaborative process. He added that a different person probably drafted each paragraph in his Nov. 17 email, based on their differing areas of expertise. But he emphasized that he controlled the final document. “It represents pieces that were written by multiple people,” Salovey said. “But the final voice is mine. The final edit of the memo as a whole and the version that went out — I did that.” Salovey said he also sought to

take advantage of knowledgeable members of Yale faculty, often asking McGrath to find relevant experts on campus for him. Still, the overall roles of Highsmith and McGrath remain a source of confusion for University leaders. All eight professional school deans interviewed either declined to comment on the advisors’ roles or said they did not fully understand them. Snyder said that the “key question” is who Salovey turns to inside of Woodbridge Hall. The answer is less-known now than it was with former University President Richard Levin, he said. “I don’t know how it’s working or how involved senior staff is, so all I can do is draw the contrast,” Snyder said. “With other institutions and in the case of President Levin, I think people, including myself, were able to deduce who was important: Linda Lorimer, Dorothy Robinson. You could get a sense of individuals who were important in the kitchen cabinet sense. I don’t know what it is right now. I don’t know that others do. I just don’t know.” Lorimer retired as vice president for global and strategic initiatives in April 2015 and Robinson retired as vice president and general counsel in August 2014. Cleary said Highsmith seemed central to the development process, though he also did not understand her specific role. Highsmith declined to comment for this story. Sterling expressed similar confusion, emphasizing that Highsmith and McGrath should not be involved in decision-making. “I have no idea how involved [Highsmith and McGrath] were,” Sterling said. “They’re there in a support role — they’re not decision-makers. They can give advice, provide a read of situations, but they are not decisionmakers. [Highsmith] has some responsibilities where she does make decisions, and [McGrath] has some, but that is not their roles. They are not the equivalent of a vice president or a dean.” McGrath said she sat in on a number of meetings with Salovey to take notes, calling herself “another pair of ears.” Asked whether Salovey solicited her advice on potential initiatives, she said the two often worked off her notes and talked about them. But she emphasized that she is not responsible for developing initiatives. “That was not my role,” McGrath said. “My role was exactly the same as it is always is. There is a lot of input coming in, there are certain things we’re trying to reflect on, there is activity obviously happening, the president is trying to stay connected with concerned students, with concerned faculty, with his leadership. And my role is to facilitate that. By that I mean making time for these conversations, gathering groups of people together, making sure things are happen-

ing in the order he wants. When things are moving very quickly, you have to be able to respond quickly and make it possible for people to have access to the president. I view my role as that.” McGrath also stressed that Salovey sought counsel from a large number of people, noting that his November included a wide variety of meetings with people from across the Yale community, including the in-person cabinet meeting and phone call. Still, Vice President for Communications Eileen O’Connor said Salovey consulted with H ighsmith and McGrath throughout the policy development process. And they were present at development-centered meetings, according to Goff-Crews. Cooley said she could not speak to Highsmith’s specific responsibilities. But she did say that Highsmith was present at every meeting she attended. Cooley commended Highsmith for ensuring that everyone’s views were heard and recorded during large administrative gatherings. “Highsmith has a very long institutional memory, so she’s great to have there,” Cooley said. “She was effective at moving things forward calmly and efficiently.” Salovey said while McGrath and Highsmith “might have been involved” in policy development, they focused primarily on process. “In the buzz of all of that parallel conversation, all of those ideas coming in from multiple sources and different constituencies with different views, including alumni and folks off campus, I think [McGrath] and [Highsmith] are playing very important roles in sorting it out, keeping it focused and sometimes framing ideas that need decisions,” Salovey said. “They might be involved in policy development, but they’re mostly involved in management rather than content.”

LESSONS LEARNED

Some administrators have questioned whether November’s events revealed limitations of the cabinet during times of crisis. Snyder said he was not surprised that the cabinet was given so little time to review the draft document of initiatives because the body in its current form is unable to decide upon important measures in the midst of a crisis. “The bottom line is I don’t think the cabinet could have been effective,” Snyder said. “It is not a body that matches situations that require decision-making under a short timeline.” He added that going forward, the University should work to establish an alternative means of communication, requests for input and meetings amongst administrators. But Sterling said he thinks the cabinet “can function in crisis,” and Cleary said he believes the

cabinet has an important role to play in University governance. “I think we learned something on Nov. 17 — I don’t think anyone would say it was optimal, and if we were to do something in the future, I think everyone would probably approach it differently: to have more time for input, reactions, both on specific policies and framing,” Cleary said. “My guess is that if it were to happen again, that there would be more time for collaboration. It’s hard to balance input with timeliness. That’s the dilemma Salovey faced, and he did what he thought was best at the time. My guess is if he were to do it again he would try to give more time or get a draft out earlier.” Salovey expressed mixed feelings about the utility of his cabinet during times of crisis. In “fast-moving situations attracting considerable media scrutiny,” he said the cabinet should be used as the primary means of communication for University leadership. But he said substantive engagement is in many ways impractical. “For actual decision-making, you want to take representatives from that cabinet and pull them into a team that can react more quickly and provide good advice,” Salovey said. Many administrators emphasized that while Salovey had to move quickly in November, he is at heart an inclusive president. Sterling said Salovey ultimately created the cabinet in an effort to be collaborative, a statement Cleary echoed. “Salovey has been an inclusive president — he created the cabinet in the first place — and deans always want to make all the decisions and be involved,” Cleary said. “So if there was a flaw, it was logistics, it was not a character flaw … He’s a listening, inclusive president.” While McGrath said there is always room for improvement, she emphasized that Salovey established the cabinet to discuss matters of importance with deans and vice presidents together and will continue to do so in the future. Goff-Crews reiterated that if a similar time of crisis were to arise again, there are areas in which the University could do better. “Every time something happens on campus, you learn something you can do differently,” Goff-Crews said. “It was a really fast-moving situation, and I think we did the best we could in terms of communicating and including as many people as possible. But are there ways we could have done something better, of course. And something we are looking at now is lessons learned. Though I think we did a good job of keeping a variety of constituencies in the loop, we can always do better.” Contact DAVID SHIMER at david.shimer@yale.edu .

GRAPHIC PRESIDENT SALOVEY’S CABINET = DEAN

= VICE PRESIDENT

MUSIC

DRAMA

FORESTRY & ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

GRADUATE SCHOOL

NEW HAVEN & STATE AFFAIRS & CAMPUS

GENERAL COUNCIL

SECRETARY & STUDENT LIFE

YALE COLLEGE

LAW

MANAGEMENT

DIVINITY

COMMUNICATIONS

DEVELOPMENT

OPERATIONS

WEST CAMPUS

FINANCE

HR & ADMIN

ART

ENGINEERING

MEDICINE

NURSING

*NOT IN THE CABINET

FAS

ARCHITECTURE

PUBLIC HEALTH

PROVOST

MARTHA HIGHSMITH

JOY MCGRATH AMANDA MEI/ PRODUCTION & DESIGN EDITOR

YALE DAILY NEWS Âˇ TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 2016 Âˇ yaledailynews.com

PAGE 5

NEWS

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re a little depressed. Coffee solves all these problems in one delightful little cup.â&#x20AC;? JERRY SEINFELD AMERICAN COMEDIAN

Mobile coffee shop opens

Flipped tour bus sends 55 to hospital BY FINNEGAN SCHICK STAFF REPORTER A tour bus bound for a casino rolled over in the wind and snow on Interstate 95, shutting down the northbound lane and sending 55 people to the hospital early Monday afternoon. The bus crashed at 12:25 p.m. in Madison, Connecticut north of Exit 61. Within minutes, firefighters from Madison and Guilford were pulling passengers out of the flipped bus. By 1 p.m., the passengers and rescue teams were clear of the wreck, but police remained on the scene after 2 p.m to investigate the crash. The injured passengers were brought to New Haven hospitals and to the Shoreline Medical Center in Westbrook. Gov. Dannel Malloy released a statement Monday about the accident, urging people to use additional caution and to slow down while driving on the roads. State police said they had responded to 162 crashes between midnight and 5 p.m on Monday during the snowstorm that descended on the state during the night. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Our thoughts are with those who are injured, and we extend our gratitude to the first responders who are working to protect the safety of all those involved,â&#x20AC;? the release said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Public safety is our top priority.â&#x20AC;? Around 30 people walked off the bus without help, and were brought by bus to a Madison warming center where they were treated by the Red Cross.

BY CAITLYN WHERRY STAFF REPORTER The Jitter Bus, a mobile coffee shop that sells sustainably sourced coffee, joined the growing number of on-campus food trucks last Monday. It is the first business of its kind in the Elm City. Owned and operated by co-founders Dan Barletta, Andrew Mesiouris and Paul Crosby, The Jitter Bus settled on College Street opposite William L. Harkness Hall for a few days last week. The Jitter Bus endeavors to offer the highest possible quality of coffee at low prices and sustains this business model by taking advantage of the low overhead costs of operating a vehicle-based company, Mesiouris said. Although The Jitter Bus has only recently begun serving customers, the coffee truck has been in the works since last March, when the co-founders raised $5,260 to finance the busâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s launch during a monthlong Kickstarter campaign. â&#x20AC;&#x153;We are three guys who just had an idea,â&#x20AC;? Barletta said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;It started as a silly idea â&#x20AC;Ś but it slowly became something. I am really proud of the work weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve done.â&#x20AC;? Barletta, Mesiouris and Crosby sell coffee out of a renovated bus, adorned with Christmas lights, a chalkboard menu and a sound system blasting the ownersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; favorite songs. Mesiouris said his trio designed the plumbing system and constructed the busâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cabinets while working other jobs. He added that his longtime friends-turned-business partners foster a sense of community with customers inspired by their own camaraderie. All customers are invited inside the bus to chat while the owners make their drinks. Mesiouris said the traveling storefront prides itself on its ethical business practices. All of The Jitter Busâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s coffee beans are organic, Fair Trade and sourced from local roasters including Connecticut companies Happiness Lab, Giv Coffee and Saccuzzo Coffee. Mesiouris said The Jitter Bus has developed a close relationship with Saccuzzo Coffee and has been urging the company to adopt more transparent methods of sourcing and engage in more small-batch roasting. â&#x20AC;&#x153;We want hardworking families in impoverished areas to get money,â&#x20AC;? Mesiouris said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;That is probably one of the biggest things that separates us from other cafes downtown. [Ethical sourcing] really matters to us.â&#x20AC;?

Of those brought to the center, around half a dozen were eventually sent to the hospital for further treatment. A total of 14 injured passengers were eventually admitted to Yale-New Haven Hospital for treatment, a number far below the expected 30 to 40 patients the hospital had been told to expect from the crash, according to the hospital spokesman Mark Dâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Antonio. Medical Director for the Adult Emergency Room at Yale-New Haven Vivek Parwani said the hospital had â&#x20AC;&#x153;all hands on deckâ&#x20AC;? when they were alerted to the crash. â&#x20AC;&#x153;We always like to plan for the worst and hope for the best,â&#x20AC;? Parwani told the New Haven Register, adding that the initial eight patients to arrive from the accident suffered injuries ranging from muscle strains to broken bones. Sixteen passengers with minor injuries were taken to the Shoreline Medical Center. Later on Monday, a multivehicle crash in North Haven shut down part of the I-95 southbound lane. The tour bus had been traveling from New York City to the Mohegan Sun casino outside Norwich at the time of the crash. Mohegan Sun spokesman Cody Chapman told the New Haven Register that all additional tour buses that were headed to the casino from New York were told to return to New York on Monday until the weather improved. Contact FINNEGAN SCHICK at christopher.schick@yale.edu .

new directions in environmental law 2016

cascading change

Innovation, Organizing, & Disruptive Strategies February 26-27, 2016 held at the Yale Law School keynote addresses Mark Tercek President and CEO of the Nature Conservancy Christy Goldfuss Managing Director of the White House Council on Environmental Quality remote opening address Bill McKibben Founder of 350.org, best-selling author For full schedule and details: tinyurl.com/NDEL2016 Free for the Yale and New Haven communities

Researchers at Yale University are looking for electronic cigarette users between the ages of 18-20. If eligible, you will participate in three lab sessions where you will be asked to rate different levels of menthol in e-cigarettes. You may earn up to $250 for participating. The study will provide you with transportation to and from the lab appointments at no cost to you.

COURTESY OF PAUL CROSBY

The Jitter Bus opened on College Street last week, but was evicted for violating a vendor ordinance. Mesiouris said it is often difficult to know exactly where coffee is sourced and if a fair cut of the profit is given to farmers. He explained that at the end of a growing season, several farmers mix their crops at wet mills, complicating the specific source of the blend. But Mesiouris noted that the three roasts The Jitter Bus has been brewing since its opening can be traced directly back to the farmers who grew the beans. Mesiouris said he is assured the cut of the profit his farmers receive â&#x20AC;&#x201D; which peaks at 53 percent â&#x20AC;&#x201D; is fair. â&#x20AC;&#x153;I loved the location of the bus and the comparable pricing, as well,â&#x20AC;? Sabrina Rostkowski â&#x20AC;&#x2122;19 said. â&#x20AC;&#x153;The Jitter Bus let me satisfy my coffee addic-

r e c y c l e y o u r y d n d a i l y

$5,100 featured among the meetingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s agenda items. Barletta said The Jitter Bus would be forced to consider leaving New Haven if the projected changes to food vendor ordinances are made. He said being restricted to a vending zone, which he likened to a food truck park, would â&#x20AC;&#x153;destroy the aestheticâ&#x20AC;? of The Jitter Bus, transforming it from a mobile coffee shop to an attraction. As of Feb. 8, a live poll run by the New Haven Independent estimates that 70 percent of New Haven residents do not support the raise in annual food truck vendor fees. Contact CAITLYN WHERRY at caitlyn.wherry@yale.edu .

Interested in drawing cartoons for the Yale Daily News? CONTACT ASHLYN OAKES AT ashlyn.oakes@yale.edu

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If interested, go to http://tiny.cc/ecig to complete an online screen, or call or text (203) 605-5803 for more information. All information is kept confidential. HIC#1307012312

tion without going out of my way or breaking the bank.â&#x20AC;? Despite its preliminary successes, The Jitter Bus was evicted from its temporary home near WLH on Cross Campus last week for violating a vendor ordinance that prohibits vendors from sales in residential zones. Much of campus, including College and York streets, is marked as a residential zone. Mesiouris said potential changes to food vendor ordinances were set to be discussed at a Monday City Hall meeting. He said changes to the current zone divisions, the creation of four vending zones in New Haven and a potential tax that would raise annual food truck fees from $200 to

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PAGE 6

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 2016 · yaledailynews.com

FROM THE FRONT

“If you say, I’m for equal pay, that’s a reform. But if you say, ‘I’m a feminist,’ that’s a transformation of society.” GLORIA STEINEM AMERICAN FEMINIST AND JOURNALIST

White House proposes more pay transparency opposed to controlling for factors like faculty rank, years since Ph.D. and department — Sindelar said, “the story will be very different.” “There are many factors critical to understanding the data,” she

intern for the Jerome N. Frank Legal Services Organization and one of the representatives of the plaintiffs filing the suit, said the plaintiffs seek monetary damages for previous wrongful quarantines and a permanent injunction preventing the state of Connecticut from quarantining others without due process. She said that Malloy and Mullen unconstitutionally acted against guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention which advised states to only quarantine individuals who displayed symptoms of Ebola. “Malloy and Mullen violated plaintiffs’ fundamental rights without justification or procedural protections,” Roth said at a press conference Monday. “They acted out of fear and political ambition, rather than science and law. They trampled plaintiffs’ civil liberties and stigmatized West African communities in the process.” Roth pointed out that the emergency order, which allowed for the quarantine has never been revoked, meaning that the state retains the power to quarantine any individual who returns from West Africa. That law, she said, would continue to discourage doctors and public health professionals from assisting with the public health effort should another Ebola outbreak occur in West Africa. Boyko said the state of Connecticut quarantined him for two weeks after his travels to Liberia, where he was assisting with the public health effort, despite several test results indicating that he did not have Ebola after being hospitalized for Ebola-like symptoms. The experience disrupted his academic plans and prevented him from completing his Ph.D., Boyko said. In addition, his girlfriend had to move out and

find emergency housing without aid from the state. “Worst of all, I had to go weeks without seeing my son, the most important person in the world to me,” Boyko said at the press conference. The quarantine not only restricted his personal freedom and disrupted his family life, but also hindered public health efforts overseas, as health care providers who had planned to provide aid in Liberia postponed their plans after seeing that he had been quarantined without scientific justification, Boyko said. “When a public health crisis hits overseas, we need American health care workers to jump on the next plane to treat the sick and contain the epidemic before it endangers the American public,” Boyko said. “The risk of unnecessary quarantine upon their return shouldn’t deter doctors from saving lives.” The Governor’s Office did not return request for comment. In a statement to the Hartford Courant, Christopher McClure, a spokesman for the Governor’s Office, said the office appreciated the “enthusiasm and ambition” of the law students filing the suit and was impressed by the “quality of education Yale provides its students.” In addition to the students, the plaintiffs for the suit include other state residents such as a family of six who in October 2014 immigrated from Liberia and Assumpta NimlyPhillips, a family member the family stayed with during their quarantine. McClure said Malloy’s first priority is protecting the public from harm, and the administration will continue to provide the protection the public expects. Nimly-Phillips said that the quarantine treated her family like “criminals” just because

Paula Kavathas said that although accountability and transparency are important, disparities by department can make reporting salaries by gender complicated. Obama signed the executive

action on the seventh anniversary of the Lilly Ledbetter Act’s enactment. Contact FINNEGAN SCHICK at christopher.schick@yale.edu .

YALE UNIVERSITY FACULTY SALARIES MEN AND WOMEN 2013–14 $200,000

$150,000

$100,000

Professors

MALE

FEMALE

$50,000

Assistant Professors AMANDA MEI/PRODUCTION & DESIGN EDITOR

State sued over Ebola quarantine EBOLA FROM PAGE 1

said. Because some departments like Economics and Engineering have far fewer women, she added, the data could be skewed. Women Faculty Forum Chair and School of Medicine professor

MALE

to light the salary information of more than 63 million Americans. The EEOC released a report last week in conjunction with Obama’s executive action, stating that the data will help the commission better identify possible pay discrimination and help employers promote equal pay in their workplaces. Transparency is especially important in the private sector at places like Yale, Burtness said, because many government-sector jobs already report salary data and have narrower gender pay gaps than the private sector. Burtness also called into question historical explanations for the pay gap, which assume that women make different choices about their work-life balance or devote more time to their families than men do, leading to fewer promotions and lower salaries among women. Recent studies in academic medicine have put these assumptions in doubt, and reveal that even after adjusting for productivity, women are still less likely to be promoted than their male colleagues, Burtness said. An October 2015 report released by The Chronicle of Higher Education found that male faculty at Yale earn on average $12,564 more than women. Still, the data — which was collected from 531 Yale professors — also shows that Yale’s gender pay gap is $400 smaller than the gap at the average four-year private college. Faculty of Arts and Sciences Dean Tamar Gendler said the FAS does not have a gender salary gap when controlling for a faculty member’s level of job experience or years since he or she received a Ph.D. “Male and female faculty in the FAS who have the same level of job experience, who work in the same fields, earn equivalent salaries,” she said. FAS Dean of Academic Affairs John Dovidio, who runs the FAS faculty salary process, acknowledged an “illusory difference” in pay between men and women in the FAS, but he said that difference was due to fewer women with advanced ranks and experience in the FAS, not to any insti-

tutional inequality in salary. Dovidio added that this illusory difference will disappear over time as women enter academic administration in higher numbers and as departments become more evenly distributed by gender. But Allison Tait LAW ’11, a former postdoctoral associate in the Women’s, Gender and Sexuality Studies Department who sat on the Women Faculty Forum while she was at Yale, said she was skeptical about the administration’s claim that women and men earn the same amount after accounting for years since their Ph.D. “It seems unlikely that there’s perfect gender equality in the pay, even accounting for time [since one’s Ph.D.],” she said. “I’m pretty sure no institution has perfect pay equity. It seems like a pretty large claim.” According to Tait, Yale faculty receive some information about the University’s “pay ranges,” but that data is not broken down by race, gender or even department. Gendler and Dovidio did not respond to a request for data on University salaries. Tait said that although Yale keeps salary information very private, the FAS administration has been working diligently, using internal salary reviews, to get better pay equity among the faculty. “Institutions would prefer minimal levels of transparency on salary,” she said. Nonetheless, she emphasized that salary transparency is “a good bargaining tool for everybody. It’s vital information to be a better negotiator.” Similar governmental reporting programs exist outside the United States, Tait said. In Switzerland, for instance, Swiss government contractors must not only disclose their pay gaps, but they also are not permitted to have more than a certain level of pay inequality. Public health and economics professor Jody Sindelar urged caution in analyzing any statistics that may emerge as a result of the executive action, noting that breaking down paychecks by race, gender and ethnicity could create a misleading picture of pay equity at Yale. If Obama’s action requires companies to report average salaries by race and gender — as

FEMALE

GLASS DOOR FROM PAGE 1

they had come from Liberia. She said that shortly after her relatives moved in with her, she received a call from an unidentified person instructing her to ensure her relatives stayed indoors, but providing her with no additional information. It was not until the following day that she received a call from the Connecticut Department of Public Health ordering that her sister and nephews be quarantined for 21 days because of their arrival from a country affected by the Ebola virus, she added. She said that although she was mandated by state officials to monitor her family’s symptoms, take their temperatures and report on their health to a health care official three times a day, she was given no information or supplies to help her do this and found the experience “terrible.” “For 21 days the police officers were stationed outside of my home 24/7,” Nimly-Phillips said at the press conference. “Every time I entered and left my house, they had to check my ID. At nighttime they would shine a bright flashlight on me, and I still remember how it made me scared and jumped. It was like I was a criminal for taking care of my family.” She added that she now believes her family members were quarantined not because the state government believed them to be dangerous, but because the government was responding to pressure from the public to act on the Ebola scare. According to the World Health Organization, Ebola can only be spread among humans by direct contact with the bodily fluids of infected individuals or with surfaces contaminated with these fluids. Contact PADDY GAVIN at paddy.gavin@yale.edu and ANDREA OUYANG at andrea.ouyang@yale.edu .

Extra job hurdles for foreign students INTERNATIONAL FROM PAGE 1 Students & Scholars Ann Kuhlman told the News. “It’s not a bad thing, but you can’t assume that you’ll work for U.S. companies during all three summers as an undergraduate.” For most non-STEM majors, the three months are usually used for one internship during the summer after their junior year, Kuhlman added. Applying for OPT also involves a financial cost: the application fee is $380 for precompletion OPT, which students use for summer opportunities, and another $380 for post-completion OPT, which applies after graduation. In general, Kuhlman said, OISS ensures that Yale students applying for OPT are accepted, and the office has not had a problem with denials. OISS head peer liaison and ethics, politics and economics major Nicola Soekoe ’16, who is from South Africa, said OPT limitations have not affected her personally, since she did not stay in the U.S. during her summer breaks and is not planning on staying after graduation. Nevertheless, Soekoe said OPT can be “a huge obstacle” for international students who hope to remain in the country. STEM students face their own set of challenges, even with their extended OPT time. Many nationally funded undergraduate research programs are only available to U.S. nationals, according to OISS peer liaison and physics major Mari Kawakatsu ’17. Barbara Santiago ’17, a physics major from Brazil, also said she faces similar issues, noting that many Yale-specific grants are only for U.S. nationals as well. “Since I’m a physics major, time constraints for my OPT never really bothered me, especially because I want to go into academia, meaning that I’ll get another student visa for graduate school,” Santiago said. “My main problem with figuring out my summers so far is the lack of

research programs for non-U.S. citizens. The couple of universities that fund their own programs have restrictions for international students and disclose their decisions way too late for us to apply for the OPT on time for an off-campus internship, which is expensive and has to be done a couple of months in advance before the start of program.” Applications for OPT can take up to 90 days to process. For Alizeh Maqbool ’17, a physics major from Pakistan, the potential restrictions brought about by the recent ruling against the STEM OPT extension have greatly impacted her future plans. Initially, Maqbool said, she planned to work for around two years after graduation and then decide if she wants to attend graduate school. With the new court ruling, however, she now faces a shortened period of time to make her decision, which may not be enough for her to assess the challenges and benefits. “I remember being told by senior international students since [the Orientation for International Students] to plan my summer and to choose my major while keeping in mind OPT restrictions,” Maqbool said. “To be told in junior year, however — when Yale students have already declared their majors — that the time period for which we are allowed to stay in the U.S. is reduced ... is definitely disappointing. This applies particularly to STEM majors looking to work instead of heading straight to graduate school. In fact, several of my friends chose STEM majors only so that they could benefit from the extended STEM OPT period.” Even after graduation, students face uncertainty about whether they will secure their work visas once the nine-month OPT period expires. Graduates who do not secure the work visa will have to leave the country. “When I think of OPT limitations, it’s more about after graduation,” International Students’

Organization President Yuki Hayashi ’17 told the News. “[The three-month summer limit] becomes more of a default … but the choice of working here [after graduation] is kind of a gamble. You are guaranteed a year if you’re not in STEM, and then you don’t know what the odds are for staying in the U.S.” Kuhlman said the U.S. caps the number of work visas given out every year. Typically, she said, just one out of three applicants receives a work visa, which creates an additional hurdle for students who wish to stay and work in the U.S. Still, Kuhlman added that many international students at Yale are able to overcome the obstacle because of the experiences and skills they bring to their jobs. Larger corporations are more successful at obtaining work visas for their employees than small nonprofit organizations and startups, she said, and they tend to have the flexibility of transferring employees from the U.S. to overseas branches. Clarey Zhu ’16, an international student from China, said typically only large firms, like those in consulting, finance or technology, can afford to sponsor work visas, which can cost around $5,000 per employee. “So international [students] I know are mostly going into these fields,” she said. Hayashi emphasized how OPT can alter students’ calculations throughout their time at Yale. “[OPT] is something that’s always on the back of every international student’s mind,” Hayashi said. “The fact that there is a realistic limitation definitely puts more weight to [international students’] decisions to work here. Sometimes people consider majoring in STEM. I don’t think a lot of American students consider things like these.” OISS is hosting an OPT workshop on Thursday. Contact MONICA WANG at monica.wang@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 2016 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 7

AROUND THE IVIES T H E H A R VA R D C R I M S O N

Task force misses Jan. deadline BY ANDREW DUEHREN AND DAPHNE THOMPSON A university-wide task force charged with investigating sexual assault prevention has yet to issue a finalized set of recommendations — missing an initial January deadline — although administrators hope to release the report this month. Harvard University President Drew Faust convened the group in 2014 and tasked a group of students, faculty and administrators to offer policy recommendations on the prevention of sexual assault. The body, created shortly after The Crimson published an anonymous op-ed written by a student critical of Harvard’s response to sexual assault, will also review the results of a sexual conduct climate survey conducted last year. In a public letter to Faust when Harvard released the survey data, Steven Hyman, former provost and chair of the task force, wrote that the body planned to send a report of final recommendations— which could advise a number of broad changes and is still in progress— to Faust in January 2016. Faust said in a Feb. 1 interview that she has not yet seen a draft of the report, but noted the task force’s final recommendations will build on interim proposals. “It’s been intervening constantly, saying: ‘OK, we’re going to improve orientation; we’re going to improve the website; we’re going to improve communication; we’re going to have a campaign after the questionnaire to urge people to go get help and make sure people know what resources are available’” Faust said. Hyman wrote in a statement that he hopes to finish the report

later this month. “It will include a summary of recommendations that we HARVARD previously made and which the university has already implemented, such as the doubling of resources at Office of Sexual Assault Prevention & Response, the launch of the SHARE resource web portal and the sexual conduct survey that was designed and implemented together with the American Association Universities,” Hyman wrote. “The report will have a major focus on new recommendations for the university’s consideration. The task force already made two sets of interim recommendations that, among other suggestions, propose revamping training, examining social spaces and increasing funding for OSAPR. The task force’s first set of recommendations, released in May 2014, suggests more funding for OSAPR and the creation of a centralized website with resources about responding to sexual assault. Faust accepted the recommendations, which doubled the staff of OSAPR and led to the creation of the website focused on “Sexual Harassment/Assault Response and Education.” The May 2014 report emphasized the importance of student training and orientation and proposed surveying the student body about sexual assault on campus. The second set of interim recommendations from May 2015 also focus on student orientation programs, offering proposals to expand sexual assault prevention

education—a recommendation that students critical of Harvard’s response to sexual assault have repeatedly demanded. The report also suggests that administrators re-examine school policies on social life and party venues. “In the meantime, we recommend that the schools consider their policies and practices as they relate to student use of campus space or other socially focused policies to evaluate whether they are having incidental and unintended consequences,” the May 2015 report states. The pending final report will come as many undergraduates denounce Harvard’s response to sexual assault, and officers of at least one of Harvard College’s historically male final clubs factored the recommendations into a decision to go coed. “If the Fox Club does not become a coed club, it will be categorized with all the other clubs when Harvard releases qualitative sexual assault information,” Fox Club undergraduate officers wrote to club graduates last October. Jessica Fournier, an organizer for the anti-sexual assault advocacy group Our Harvard Can Do Better, said she was frustrated by what she called a lack of transparency regarding the task force’s timeline, decisions and membership criteria. “I think the most important thing coming out of this report is that what gets recommended is actionable and implemented, and that this report should have detailed suggestions for what needs to change,” Fournier said. “A document like this should not be meaningless, but if change is not actually taken in the future, it is meaningless.”

“When you stop giving and offering something to the rest of the world, it’s time to turn out the lights.” GEORGE BURNS AMERICAN COMEDIAN

T H E B R O W N D A I LY H E R A L D

Corp. authorizes tuition hike

COURTESY OF BROWN DAILY HERALD

Samuel Mencoff ‘78, chancellor-elect, Theresia Gouw ’90, treasurer-elect, and Alison Ressler ’80, vice chancellor-elect, were elected to new leadership positions on the Corporation Saturday. BY KATE TALERICO The university has raised over $1 billion of the $3 billion it hopes to secure in the BrownTogether capital campaign, announced President Christina Paxson in a communitywide email Saturday following a meeting of the Brown Corporation, the university’s highest governing body. This milestone “provides exciting momentum as we continue seeking investment for the BrownTogether campaign,” Paxson wrote in an email to The Brown Daily Herald. The Brown Corporation also formally and unanimously endorsed an action plan released Monday that allocates $165 million — or 5.5 percent of the funds to be raised in BrownTogether — to boost the diversity and inclusiveness of the Brown community. With guidance from a

r e p o r t on deficit reduction issued by the University Resources Committee, the BROWN corporation a p p ro ve d a 4.1 percent tuition hike, bringing total undergraduate charges to an estimated $64,566. The increase is consistent with those of past years: 4.4 percent for the current academic year and 3.8 percent the previous year. The budget for undergraduate financial aid will jump 7.1 percent. In the coming year, the university hopes to increase the competitiveness of the scholarships it offers middle-income families, a demographic for which it lacks coverage relative to its peer institutions, Paxson

wrote in the communitywide email. Total financial support for graduate students will receive a $1.8 million bump. Graduate student stipends will increase by 3 percent, now totaling $24,400. The budget for the 2017 fiscal year totals over $1 billion, an increase of 5.2 percent from 2016. The budget projects a $300,000 deficit, a stark turnaround from the budgets of recent years, Paxson wrote. Last year, the university predicted a gap of $4.4 million. Finally, the corporation will see a change in leadership, Chancellor Thomas Tisch wrote in a communitywide email also sent Saturday. Samuel Mencoff, a corporation member since 2003, will become the university’s 21st chancellor on July 1 while continuing to serve as co-chief executive officer and founding partner of Madison Dearborn Partners.

PAGE 8

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 2016 · yaledailynews.com

SPORTS Yale impresses on vault GYMNASTICS FROM PAGE 12 team score of 48.025 on vault. “This ability to perform well under immense pressure is exactly the kind of determination and mental toughness that a championship-winning team needs to have,” Opperman said. On balance beam, fellow senior Brittney Sooksengdao ’16 posted a score of 9.700, pacing the team’s cumulative 47.800 total for the event. Additional career highs for Ryan and Trachtenberg followed Sooksengdao’s performance, and Anella Anderson ’17 finished fourth among Bulldogs on beam, contributing to a career-best 38.025 all-around performance for the junior. Again hampered by injuries, the Bulldogs competed shorthanded on the floor exercise, in which Opperman, a floor specialist, secured the team’s best score, a 9.625. With all five scores for Yale counting on the apparatus, the Bulldogs notched a combined team score of 46.800. In the meet’s fourth event, uneven bars, Yale recorded a total of 47.675 points, 9.725 of which came from a season-high score for Allison Bushman ’18, who led the Bulldogs. “[Bushman] has put in so much time and numbers into her bars work, and it really showed this weekend,” Tatiana Winkelman ’17 said. Anderson, Winkelman and Trachtenberg all posted scores above 9.500, and Opperman

“Gymnastics uses every single part of your body, every little tiny muscle that you never even knew.” SHANNON MILLER AMERICAN GYMNAST

Sixth-place result at ECACs

scored a 9.250 in the event to round out the Bulldogs’ scoring performance. Despite their incidence of injury this season, Yale’s team nonetheless remains confident in its overall team improvement as the Elis prepare for their final meet of the season and a potential appearance in the USA Gymnastics Collegiate Nationals. Yale currently owns the last of eight qualifying spots for the national event, which will be held April 8–10 in St. Charles, Missouri. Last year, the team qualified for Nationals as a team for the first time in over 10 years after a 2014– 15 season-high score of 193.575. The Bulldogs will look to solidify their standing with successful performances in several upcoming meets, including the Ivy Classic on Feb. 28 and the ECAC Championships on March 19. “Those currently in the lineup have performed extremely well and continue to upgrade in order to keep improving their scores,” Sloane Smith ’18 said. “We have definitely been progressing these past two weeks and have shown that we have the ability to make nationals again this year.” The Bulldogs will host West Chester University and Rhode Island College for their Senior Day meet this Saturday at 1 p.m. as they celebrate Opperman and Sooksengdao’s final home meet of their Yale careers. Contact MATTHEW STOCK at matthew.stock@yale.edu .

COURTESY OF YALE ATHLETICS

Elizabeth Zordani ’18 went to three sets against her opponent, but the match was left unfinished because Princeton had already clinched a win. W. TENNIS FROM PAGE 12

MAYA SWEEDLER/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

The Elis posted a team score of 46.800 on floor, their fourth-best apparatus during the meet.

finished the weekend in sixth place. According to team captain Ree Ree Li ’16, given the ECACs fall fairly early in the tennis season, they act as a “preview” for the competition Yale will face during Ivy play in April. “The ECAC Championships is always a tough weekend as we compete against some very strong teams,” Carolyn Lynch ’17 said. “Obviously we didn’t have the outcome we wanted, but it only motivates us to work harder and smarter in order to achieve our goals this season.” Friday’s action began with the doubles matches, when two of Yale’s three pairs were defeated to secure Columbia the doubles’ point and open up a 1–0 Lion advantage. Tina Jiang ’17 and Madeleine Hamilton ’16 played a close game, which nearly resulted in a tiebreaker: The set ended at 6–5, but was unfinished as the

tournament was being played under “clinch-clinch” rules. Under this format, all gameplay stops when one team claims the four out of seven points possible, securing a victory regardless of how the other sets conclude. Facing a 1–0 deficit after the doubles competition, all but one singles match ended in favor of Columbia, with Valerie Shklover ’18 being the lone Yale player to win a match, as she won both sets 6–0. Meanwhile, Hamilton fought back after losing her first set, proceeding to take the second set from Columbia’s Rima Asatrian. However, the match was left unfinished, with the third set being interrupted at 1–0 in favor of Asatrian, as Columbia had already sealed its victory. After losing her first set 7–5, Li made a comeback in the second set after breaking her opponent to go up 3–1. But Li’s match was also left unfinished, due to the Lions already

clinching the win, before she could earn a victory. “Our team’s performance was not where it could have been, but it’s getting better,” Shklover said. “We saw drastic improvements between Friday and Sunday.” On Sunday, only singles games were contested in the fifth-place deciding match against Princeton. Li found herself ahead in the third set against her Princeton opponent with a 3–2 advantage in the final set, but play did not conclude as Yale dropped four matches by that point. Though Shklover and Hamilton both ultimately lost their own matches in two sets, each featured a tiebreaker. Elizabeth Zordani ’18 lost her tiebreaker in the first set, but won the second 6–2 to force a decisive third set. Facing a 4–0 deficit, Zordani had the same fate as Li, as play was halted. According to Lynch, Yale did not adjust its game plan early

enough in Friday’s pairing with Columbia, which culminated in the defeat. Though Sunday’s match saw tactical improvements, Lynch said they failed to capitalize on opportunities against the Tigers. Shklover added that the team was brought together by the winless weekend, and that it should serve as motivation for April’s conference season. “The weekend was a wakeup call for us,” Li said. “As much as we don’t like losing — that’s something no competitor enjoys — it showed us how we need to, every single day, go out there, train really hard and compete really hard, so that when April rolls around we are prepared and ready to give ourselves a chance to win.” The team will play at home on Friday against Syracuse, before taking on Boston University this Saturday. Contact AYLA BESEMER at ayla.besemer@yale.edu .

Bulldogs topple Army at West Point MEN’S TENNIS FROM PAGE 12 matches to cruise to victory. At the top of the ladder, Wang won by default when his opponent, at that point up 5–3 in the first set, retired due to injury. In the second singles match of the day, No. 4 Dennis Wang ’19 put Yale in the lead by winning 6–2, 6–1. Wang has now won his last four singles matches for Yale. With Yale then leading the match 2–1 and needing just two more wins, players continued to swing hard to maintain their advantage on the court. “We maintained mental toughness throughout the whole match, even though it was our first away match this spring,” Andrienko said. Andrienko, playing at No. 2, scored another win for Yale with a 6–2, 7–5 result. His teammate Svenning followed suit at No. 2, snatching a hardfought 7–6, 6–4 win. Two more singles were lined up to play, even though Yale had already secured the match victory. Doehler and Hagermoser both played three

close sets against their Army opponents, but while Hagermoser ultimately prevailed, Doehler faced a loss. The Bulldogs have now shifted their focus toward Saturday, when they will travel to New York to compete in the ECAC Indoor Championships. “ECAC is always a lot of fun since it’s almost a mini version of the Ivy League to come in April,” Svenning said. “Right now, we are all trying to recover from tough matches and avoid injuries. There are still a couple things everyone could improve on tennis-wise, so this week’s practice will be focused on perfecting our game.” The tournament, which is the first show of strength for the Bulldogs against their Ivy League opponents this season, will take place Feb. 12–14. Harvard won the event last year. Ayla Besemer contributed reporting. Contact DANIELA BRIGHENTI at daniela.brighenti@yale.edu .

SINGLES DOMINANCE YALE DURING FOUR-MATCH WIN STREAK OPPONENT

RESULT

SINGLES RECORD

DOUBLES RECORD

W, 5–2 Monmouth W, 5–2 Maryland-Baltimore County W, 4–3 at Army W, 5–2

5–1 4–2 3–3 5–1

0–3 2–0 2–0 1–2

TOTAL

17–7

5–5

Boston College

4–0

AMANDA HU/PRODUCTION & DESIGN STAFF

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 2016 · yaledailynews.com

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BULLETIN BOARD

TODAY’S FORECAST

TOMORROW

A chance of light snow. Cloudy, with a high near 34. Chance of precipitation is 30%.

THURSDAY

High of 38, low of 21.

High of 31, low of 15.

A WITCH NAMED KOKO BY CHARLES BRUBAKER

ON CAMPUS TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 9 4:00 PM Poynter: Brandon Stanton, Humans of New York. A former bonds trader, Brandon Stanton started the photography blog “Humans of New York” in 2010, and has since provided a worldwide audience of nearly 14 million people with daily glimpses into the lives of strangers in New York City. Battell Chapel (400 College St.). 4:00 PM Timothy Dwight Master’s Tea — Humanities in Medicine. Anna Reisman, director of the Medicine in the Humanities program at the Yale School of Medicine and a published writer, will discuss the critical importance of placing medicine and the sciences in a humanistic context. Timothy Dwight Master’s House (63 Wall St.).

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 10 4:00 PM Poynter: A Conversation with Chris Arnold. NPR correspondent Chris Arnold is based in Boston. His reports are heard regularly on NPR’s award-winning newsmagazines Morning Edition, All Things Considered and Weekend Edition. He joined NPR in 1996, and was based in San Francisco before moving to Boston in 2001. Swensen House (125 High St.). 5:30 PM Willie Ruff Presents. Professor and jazz luminary Willie Ruff ’53 MUS ’54 of the Yale School of Music will present and discuss a 45-minute documentary, recently acquired by the University. The documentary honors Duke Ellington and Marian Anderson along with 38 other legends of African-American music. Whitney Center (200 Leeder Hill Dr.), Aud.

To reach us: E-mail editor@yaledailynews.com Advertisements 2-2424 (before 5 p.m.) 2-2400 (after 5 p.m.) Mailing address Yale Daily News P.O. Box 209007 New Haven, CT 06520

Questions or comments about the fairness or accuracy of stories should be directed to Editor in Chief Stephanie Addenbrooke at (203) 432-2418. Bulletin Board is a free service provided to groups of the Yale community for events. Listings should be submitted online at yaledailynews.com/events/ submit. The Yale Daily News reserves the right to edit listings.

To visit us in person 202 York St. New Haven, Conn. (Opposite JE) FOR RELEASE FEBRUARY 9, 2016

Los Angeles Times Daily Crossword Puzzle

CLASSIFIEDS

CROSSWORD Edited by Rich Norris and Joyce Lewis ACROSS 1 Campaign display 7 Tuber made into poi 11 Actor Beatty 14 Give in 15 Out for the night 16 Australian bird 17 *Oft-minced bulb 19 Came in first 20 Woman in a Beethoven piano title 21 Oscar night rides 22 Classic sports cars 23 Absorbed 24 *Laura Hillenbrand bestseller about a racehorse 26 Honest prez 28 Math comparison 29 Sally Ride, e.g. 35 Diarist Frank 37 Island wreath 38 Recipe direction ... and a literal hint to what you can do to the starts of the answers to starred clues 41 “Dig in!” 42 Celebrity 44 Statues, often 46 “Now you __ ... “ 49 Fist-up call 50 *Dry-climate landscape option 54 Palms-down call 58 Photo lab abbr. 59 Dubai bigwig 60 “MASH” setting 61 __ juice: milk 62 *Olympic sport with a hollow ball 64 Company abbr. 65 Sheep’s cry 66 Candy heart message 67 Shatner’s “__War” 68 Backwoods possessive 69 Rains ice pellets DOWN 1 Cell alternative 2 Florida horsebreeding city 3 Doc’s order to a pharmacist

Research assistant for author Permissions Research Able to work at home and on site. Experienced doing scholarly research on the internet. Hourly pay. Inge Druckrey Tel. 203 415 3445 e-mail: idruckrey@gmail.com

By Kurt Krauss

4 Early communications satellite 5 Falco of “The Sopranos” 6 TiVo button 7 Actress Shire 8 Manhattan Project creation 9 “Au __”: “Bye, Pierre” 10 Texas or Ukraine city 11 World’s second largest island 12 Showing strong feelings 13 Kirsten of “Spider-Man” 18 The Browns, on sports tickers 24 Pop in the mail 25 Windy City commuter org. 27 __ constrictor 29 Landon who ran against FDR 30 Opening set of TV series episodes 31 Hourly worker’s device 32 Fleet VIP 33 Put into operation 34 Scottish cap

Monday’s Puzzle Solved

36 Sci-fi staples 39 Diving lake bird 40 Capote nickname 43 It’s a scream 45 Picking-up-thetab words 47 Song words before “with a little help from my friends” 48 Husk-wrapped Mexican food 50 Pay

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7 1

5 8 3

6 9 3 4 6 2 6 2 3 8 9 7 7 1 2 8 7 5 1 8 9 6 1 2

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YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 2016 · yaledailynews.com

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Early schizophrenia treatment proves cost effective BY AYLA BESEMER STAFF REPORTER Early treatment for psychotic episodes increases quality of life, making early intervention worth the extra cost, according to a recent study led by Yale researcher Robert Rosenheck. The study, funded by the National Institute of Mental Health, and published in “Schizophrenia Bulletin” on Jan. 31, analyzes the cost effectiveness of a treatment strategy called “Coordinated Special Care,” or CSC — programming designed for patients experiencing psychotic episodes. CSC targets patients at the onset of symptoms, providing personalized health care as early as possible. Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode, or RAISE, a program launched in 2008 by NIMH, implements these strategies and sponsors research that analyzes their effectiveness. A paper published by study director John Kane in October confirms that such programs improve patients’ overall quality of life, especially for those given treatment early in their development of psychotic symptoms. According to Michael Schoenbaum, a senior advisor at University of Washington’s AIMS center and one of the study’s authors, the Yale paper provides “supporting evidence” for the program’s successes, which will encourage health-care providers to implement these treatments, despite higher costs. “There has been a great deal of interest internationally in whether intensive treatment early in psychotic illness can improve its long-term course,” said Rosenheck, lead author of the Yale study and a medical school professor. “The RAISE [Early Treatment Program] study is the largest U.S. test of this approach. My part of this study was to test the cost effectiveness of the intervention over a two-year period.” CSC, described by the study as “a comprehensive, multidis-

ciplinary, team-based treatment approach,” was evaluated against standard community care. Unlike community care, CSC provides patients with a care coordinator, a combination of medication, psychotherapy and specialized software that allows patients to pick medications. Programs such as supported employment or educational rehab help patients looking to continue work or school after diagnosis. Over the course of two years, just over 400 individuals at 34 different mental-health centers were randomly enrolled in the two types of treatment programs. Clinicians evaluated study participants’ quality of life through a series of interviews, rating patients’ overall health on various psychiatric scales. Researchers found that CSC patients experienced greater improvements than those receiving standard care, including an increase in days of work or school attended and a reduction of psychotic symptoms. Rosenheck said this improvement justifies the 27 percent increase in health costs. “There was a hope originally that this intervention would save money. The holy grail of health interventions is that you get better outcomes at lower costs,” Schoenbaum said. “But the more common case in health care is that you pay more and get more. For patients overall in this study, the result, on average, was that you paid a bit more and you got some more, and that the ratio [is] well within the range of things we already pay for.” Amy Goldstein, associate study director for RAISE, said that NIMH is actively working with federal agencies to develop funding strategies for CSC programs. In 2014, Congress directed the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration to allocate 5 percent of mentalhealth funding to early-intervention programs. In October, a joint bulletin put out by the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services,

NIMH, and SAMHSA offered examples of how to pay for early intervention. Rosenheck said he believes that the findings in this study will encourage implementation of CSC more widely. The trial-comparison sites were highly motivated to succeed, Rosenheck said, making his estimate of cost effectiveness cautious. The actual cost effectiveness is likely to be much greater, he added. Schoenbaum added, though, that despite the study being conducted under realistic conditions, it is important to keep in mind that this is only one study, with a small sample size. Further research that follows patients over a longer period of time will be important for confirmation of the study’s findings, he added. Those at RAISE are still researching ways to reduce the duration of untreated psychotic episodes and access patients before they meet the diagnostic criteria for mental illness, Goldstein said. These preventative measures, combined with fur-

ther research on application and sustainability of current CSC programs, will help the health-care system succeed in implementing treatment for patients with psychosis. “We’re not tinkering with the available treatments — what we’re trying to do is improve the delivery of those treatments,” Schoenbaum said. “Our hope was that this would have lots of positive benefits; most immediately, that it would improve the lives of the patients, and also that it would be cost-saving; we hoped that it might reduce costs, or at least that if we gave people better care sooner, it would be a high-value enterprise.” According to NIMH, t h e

onset of schizophrenia normally occurs from ages 16 to 30. Contact AYLA BESEMER at ayla.besemer@yale.edu ayla.besemer@yale.edu . .

SONIA RUIZ/CONTRIBUTING ILLUSTRATOR

Ultrasounds increase risk of pulmonary embolism BY CLAIRE ONG STAFF REPORTER A new Yale-led study found that ultrasounds used for the detection of deep vein thrombosis, a common cardiovascular

disease, could cause patients to develop an even more dangerous cardiovascular complication: pulmonary embolisms. According to the study, ultrasounds are the most common as well as safest method for

detecting deep vein thrombosis, a medical condition in which blood clots form in veins deep within the limbs. Although the clots themselves have very subtle symptoms, they can lead to serious complications, such as venous pulmonary embolism — the blockage of the lung’s main artery or blood vessel — the third-most common cardiovascular disease after heart attacks and stroke, according to study co-author and Yale internal medicine resident Behnood Bikdeli. The study found that while DVT makes a patient more susceptible to a pulmonary embolism, using ultrasounds to detect DVT significantly increases the patient’s risk of developing a pulmonary embolism. Study co-author Ghazaleh Mehdipoor, a doctor in Iran, said the research team wanted their study to help physicians be more cognizant of the minor symptoms that, presented after an ultrasound examination, could signal major complications indicative of a pulmonary embolism. “From a practical point of view, clinicians and radiologists need to be aware of this uncommon but serious and potentially lethal complication. If their patients feel short of breath, or have markedly reduced lower extremity swelling right after the diagnostic ultrasound study, they should highly suspect clot embolization and consider appropriate diagnostics and therapy,” Mehdipoor said. Ultrasounds are widely considered “a very safe technique,” Mehdipoor said. But the team of researchers noticed that there are some potential concerns associated with them. Excessive pressure from ultrasound examinations exerted on the limbs became an added threat when the exams caused clots from DVT to loosen and travel to the vena cava, the main vein that attaches to the right side of the heart where ga s exc h a n ge occurs. “Such events had been reported in the past with other maneuvers YANNA LEE/STAFF ILLUSTRATOR that put pressure

on the extremities, but we were unaware of if diagnostic ultrasound carried the same risk,” Mehdipoor said. When a pulmonary embolism occurs, the clots travel through the bloodstream, going all the way to heart and lodge itself either in the superior or inferior vena cava depending on which extremity of the body the clot originated from, Bikdeli explained. He added that the superior and inferior vena cava are crucial to gas exchange, to take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide. With a block in the vena cava obstructing circulation, a pulmonary embolism can be potentially fatal. Mehdipoor, Bikdeli and their colleagues analyzed over 3,600 medical records, identified studies of relevance to their research and abstracted the data in order to test their hypothesis. They looked for a “commonality of patterns” between ultrasound-related factors and patient clot dislodgment, Mehdipoor said. Mehdipoor expressed surprise at their study’s overall results. The research team found 15 reports out of over 3,600 discussed the issue of ultrasound examination and clot dislodgement. Of the 15 reports, two of them presented cases of pulmonary embolism that were fatal in the patients. Even more surprising, Mehdipoor said, was that they found a similar systematic review on an identical topic, but the study claimed that “no relevant studies were identified.” This discovery led them to believe that pulmonary embolisms, as a complication from ultrasounds, are an “underrepresented and underrecognized phenomenon,” Mehdipoor said, adding that the team hopes their study has raised attention to the complication so that other clinicians and investigators will be cognizant enough to report new cases when they notice them. According to the CDC, as many as 900,000 Americans are affected by pulmonary embolisms each year and estimates suggest that 60,000 to 100,000 of those affected die from the disease each year. Contact CLAIRE ONG at clairevictoria.ong@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 2016 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 11

“I like Pixie Sticks. Yeah, screw the middle man. Just a tube of sugar... I saw Jesus several times. I swear I did. ” TIM ALLEN COMEDIAN

CATHERINE BUI/CONTRIBUTING ILLUSTRATOR

Calories entice more than sweetness

BY GRACE CASTILLO STAFF REPORTER A new Yale study has pinpointed the source of sugar’s allure by showing that the brain processes sweetness and calories in two separate neural circuits. To determine what makes sugar so enticing, researchers studied mice as they consumed different sugary solutions. Some sugar was modified to taste very bitter, while other foods remained sweet but were low in calories. When forced to choose between sweet, lowcalorie snacks and bitter, high-calorie snacks, the mice showed a clear preference for the latter. This finding demonstrates that sweet taste and calories do not use the same circuitry to inform the brain about food’s energy content and that mice, when forced to choose, opt for high-calorie foods. “Our question was whether the taste and the nutritional features of sugar activate the same brain regions or if they act upon two separate brain regions,” medical school professor and study co-author Ivan De Araujo said. The research team discovered that the gustatory and nutritional properties of sugars are encoded by two separate parts of the striatum, a major part of the brain’s reward system. This separation could allow animals to make decisions about nutrient intake independent of taste, he added. Researchers studied a total of 170 adult mice to test the rewarding properties of sugar’s taste and energy. Ultimately, they determined that sugar’s calories are the main factor behind people’s preferences for high-calorie, sugary desserts. Sweeter tastes raised dopamine levels in the dorsal striatum, while energy from calories raised dopamine levels in the ventral striatum. When mice consumed bitter, highcalorie solution, there was still dopamine release in the ventral striatum but not in the dorsal striatum, while sweet but low-calorie solutions raised dopamine in the dorsal but not ventral striatum.

De Araujo noted that humans share many brain pathways with mice, so sugar is likely rewarding to people for the same reasons it is rewarding to rodents. “Our desire to consume sweet solutions is mainly driven by the amount of energy it provides,” study co-author Luis Tellez explained. While humans’ liking for sweets has been advantageous in the past — ensuring that people binge on scarce highenergy foods during prehistoric times — it can cause myriad health problems for people living in the present, now that food is readily available and obesity is an epidemic. “A major contributor to weight gain and obesity is the consumption of highcalorie beverages,” Tellez said. The American Heart Association’s website explains that simple sugars provide a very fast increase in blood sugar because they are quickly broken down, while complex carbohydrates take longer to break down and cause elevations in blood sugar more gradually. New government dietary guidelines, which were created by the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, now recommend that Americans get less than 10 percent of their daily calories from added sugars. Tellez and De Araujo both said they think future studies will come out of their work. Tellez noted that new research could focus on differences in reward from other sources of calories, including fats, to see if the brain responds distinctly to them. Future studies could also try to design new strategies aimed at decreasing excessive sugar intake in people by better understanding how they make food-related decisions. According to the 2005–10 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, Americans consume an average of 20 teaspoons of sugar per day. Contact GRACE CASTILLO at grace.castillo@yale.edu .

ELINOR HILLS/PHOTOGRAPHY EDITOR

IF YOU MISSED IT SCORES

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SPORTS QUICK HITS

JUSTIN SEARS ’16 ANOTHER WEEK, ANOTHER HONOR For the third straight week, a Yale men’s basketball player has been named Player of the Week. Sears was this week’s recipient — for an Ivyrecord 13th time in his career — after averaging 20.0 points and 7.5 rebounds per game in Yale’s two victories.

NHL Rangers 2 Devils 1

NCAAW Connecticut 66 South Carolina 54

NCAAM Duke 72 Louisville 65

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TAMARA SIMPSON ’18 SOPHOMORE GUARD RECOGNIZED Although the women’s basketball team lost twice last weekend, Simpson’s play caught the attention of the Ivy League, earning her a spot on the Honor Roll. Simpson scored 19 points in each game and registered her first career doubledouble on Saturday with 10 rebounds.

“Obviously we didn’t have the outcome we wanted, but it only motivates us to work harder and smarter.” CAROLINE LYNCH ’17 WOMEN’S TENNIS YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 2016 · yaledailynews.com

Elis on four-match win streak BY DANIELA BRIGHENTI STAFF REPORTER The Yale men’s tennis team emerged perfect in both of its nonconference matches this weekend, extending its current winning streak to four matches and establishing crucial momentum ahead of next week’s ECAC Indoor Championships. The Bulldogs (4–2, 0–0 Ivy) defeated Maryland-Baltimore County 4–3 and Army 5–2 on the weekend, with both matches highlighting the depth of Yale’s squad. Strong performances in doubles were the key to victory against UMBC (1–7, 0–0 America East) on Friday, while a dominant 5–1 record in singles carried Yale to its win at Army on Sunday. After beginning their season with two consecutive losses, the Elis are now on a fourmatch tear that has included a 17–7 overall record in singles. “I think the team atmosphere has a lot to do with our recent success,” Tyler Lu ’17, who is currently injured, said. “Not only is everyone excited to be in dual-match season, but towards the end of the fall we had a lot of injuries to different players. Our first match in the spring season only had two starters out of six, so it helps that a lot of key contributors are finding their way back into the lineup.” Yale’s match against UMBC was one of the most hotly contested of the 2016 season, as the Bulldogs’ singles performance was only barely able to secure the overall victory after an initial lead from doubles. The Elis started the day off by dominating the Retrievers in doubles to take an early 1–0 advantage. At No. 1, Fedor Andrienko ’18 and Stefan Doehler ’18 won their match 6–3, and at No. 3, Jason Brown ’16 and Alex Hagermoser ’17 cleaned up by a score of 6–1. Those two Yale pairs won their matches — and secured the lone doubles point up for grabs — before Martin Svenning ’16 and Ziqi Wang ’18 could finish their match at No. 2. Yale then needed to go 3–3 at the very least in singles to win the team match, and that is exactly what the Bulldogs did. No. 2 Svenning, No. 3 Hagermoser and No. 6 Andrienko earned the necessary wins to give their team its third consecutive team victory. Hagermoser’s match, which went to three sets and included a dramatic 6–4 win in the third, ultimately clinched the result for Yale. “The key to success against UMBC was to get a good start and keeping the momentum up,” Svenning said. “In singles we all took care of business, and in the end the match was not that close.” Though Yale ultimately won the

MEN’S TENNIS

Yale falters at ECACs BY AYLA BESEMER STAFF REPORTER The Yale women’s tennis team struggled against Ivy League competitors in this weekend’s ECAC Championships, but viewed it as a valuable learning experience for the spring season, when these teams will all meet again.

WOMEN’S TENNIS The ECACs, hosted by Dartmouth, took place over three days and consisted

of all Ivy schools excluding Penn. Yale, originally seeded fifth amongst the seven teams in attendance, competed against Columbia and Princeton. Friday saw Yale, ranked No. 70 in Division I, fall to No. 58 Columbia 4–1 before being defeated 4–0 by No. 43 Princeton on Sunday after not competing on Saturday. Columbia, which defeated the Bulldogs on the first day, went on to win the championship over Harvard while Yale SEE W. TENNIS PAGE 8

COURTESY OF YALE ATHLETICS

During a weekend in which Yale went 2–0 as a team, Martin Svenning ’16 was one of three Bulldogs to post the same record individually in singles matches. next Sunday at Army (2–1, 0–0 Patriot) in their first road contest of 2016, the day did not start off as well for the Elis as their prior victory had. In doubles, Svenning and Wang succumbed to their Army foes 6–4, and a similar result happened at No. 3, with Brown and Hagermoser losing by the same score. Andrienko and Doehler managed

to snag one doubles win for the Bulldogs, winning their match 6–2, but the Black Knights still earned the doubles point to take a match lead of 1–0 heading into singles. Singles play proved to be Yale’s strength on Saturday, as the Bulldogs won five of the total six singles SEE MEN’S TENNIS PAGE 8

COURTESY OF YALE ATHLETICS

Valerie Shklover ’18 earned Yale’s sole victory of the weekend, defeating Columbia’s Vivian Cheng 6–0, 6–0 at the No. 6 spot in the lineup.

Yale continues improvement in New Jersey BY MATTHEW STOCK CONTRIBUTING REPORTER The Yale gymnastics team added to its season momentum this weekend with a strong showing against fierce Big Ten competition in New Jersey on Saturday.

GYMNASTICS

MAYA SWEEDLER/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

After two consecutive meet scores over 190.000, Yale is currently clinging onto the last qualifying spot for USA Gymnastics Nationals.

STAT OF THE DAY 48.025 10

After setting 11 individual season or career highs at the Don Tonry Invitational meet the weekend before, the Bulldogs added eight more personal records en route to recording a team score of 190.300 in the meet. The performance, led by a season-high total on vault, marked the Bulldogs’ second-consecutive team showing of over 190.000 points. No. 23 Ohio State and hosting school Rutgers finished ahead of Yale with scores of 196.350 and 194.900, respectively.

“The team has come so far over the past few meets,” captain Camilla Opperman ’16 said. “Our team score has gone up, we have gotten more consistent and individuals have upgraded their skills in competition. Beyond this, the team has been performing with so much more confidence than at the beginning of the season.” The team’s largest success on Saturday came on the vault, with Opperman, Megan Ryan ’18 and Roxanne Trachtenberg ’19 all setting career-high marks. Ryan led the way for Yale on the apparatus with a score of 9.750, which beat her previous career best of 9.600 from just a week earlier. Though various injuries to team members allowed Yale to compete with just five gymnasts in the event rather than the standard six, the Bulldogs were still able to emerge with a season-best SEE GYMNASTICS PAGE 8

THE SCORE THAT THE YALE GYMNASTICS TEAM EARNED IN THE VAULT ON SATURDAY, A SEASON-BEST IN THE EVENT. Megan Ryan ’18 led the way with a careerhigh 9.750 while captain Camilla Opperman matched a career-high with a 9.700.