Today's Paper

NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT · TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2015 · VOL. CXXXVIII, NO. 29 · yaledailynews.com

INSIDE THE NEWS MORNING EVENING

CLOUDY SHOWERS

73 53

CROSS CAMPUS

TALON THE TRUTH NEW DISCOVERY IN BIRD TAXONOMY

GOING GREEN

BLUNT ACTION

Three more medical marijuana dispensaries will come to the state

CLUB LOOKS AT DISCIPLINARY DRUG POLICIES

PAGES 12-13 SCI-TECH

PAGE 3 CITY

PAGE 3 UNIVERSITY

BY DAVID SHIMER AND QI XU STAFF REPORTERS

Waking Up In Vegas. Bill and

Hillary Clinton, both LAW ’73, arrived in Las Vegas yesterday for the Democratic primary debate, which will take place this evening. After she arrived, Clinton stopped at a Culinary Workers Union protest outside Republican front-runner Donald Trump’s Vegas hotel.

She took a shot at Trump, saying, “some people think Trump is entertaining, but it is not entertaining to insult immigrants and women.”

RC4 lacked certain spaces and features unique to residential colleges.

As of this fall, however, Yale-NUS students have physically moved into the three residential colleges, which are modeled after Yale’s 12. YaleNUS President Pericles Lewis said interaction among students in the residential colleges will help build a unique Yale-NUS identity that the young institution needs. “[The new campus] definitely helps build an identity in the sense that people are in residential colleges as in New Haven, where students live

Over the past two days, Yale-NUS has taken major steps in its development — hosting an international conference on liberal education and officially inaugurating its new campus.

On Sunday, Yale-NUS held a symposium on international liberal education, which aimed to facilitate the discussion and analysis of the greatest challenges facing higher education today. About 40 leaders in higher education attended the conference, including University President Peter Salovey and former University President Richard Levin.

Those in attendance said participants discussed a range of subjects, from the accessibility of higher education to the role of universities in promoting public service. The following day, Singapore’s prime minister, Lee Hsien Loong, headlined the official inauguration of Yale-NUS’ new campus, which consists of three residential colleges, 1,000 student dorm rooms and a college library. Yale-NUS administrators and faculty began moving into the newly constructed spaces in May, and students have been living there since the start of the academic year.

“It is an opportunity to come together to celebrate what has been accomplished so far and recognize the future ahead,” Yale-NUS President Pericles Lewis said.

Salovey, Lewis, President of the National University of Singapore Tan Chorh Chuan and Lee all spoke during the campus’s inauguration.

During his speech, Salovey spoke highly of Singapore’s emphasis on the value of higher education, adding that it has been a privilege to work with Singapore and its

SEE CAMPUS PAGE 6

SEE YALE-NUS PAGE 6

COURTESY OF YALE-NUS COLLEGE

Not Depressing. Researchers around the country can browse a collection of over 170,000 photographs of Depressionera Oregon through a interactive Yale database. The platform allows users to search for photos by geographical location using a map of the state. The online collection features work by Dorothea Lange, the photographer famous for her Depression-era photo of a migrant family.

Not In My House. Master Thomas Near sent an email to Saybrook College students expressing disappointment over abuse of dining facilities.

Recently, Saybrook became the only college to keep its facilities open outside of dining hours year-round after an alum donation allowed the college to build a wall between the servery and the seating area. The plan failed, however, when students realized they could scale the wall.

I Think I’ll Go To Boston.The

News invites you to an info session with Charles Ball, the internship coordinator for the Boston Globe. Come to 202 York Street at 5 p.m. this evening. Get pumped: This is our version of Bain.

This Could Be You. Got opinions? The News’ opinion editors are holding an open house in our board room at 9:30 p.m. If you’re interested, you could see your byline on the back of this page next week.

THIS DAY IN YALE HISTORY

1948 Sterling Memorial Library announces that its total of volumes has grown to 3,770,813 works. The announcement comes after a six-year push to expand the collection that added 588,000 volumes to Yale’s total.

Follow along for the News’ latest.

Twitter | @yaledailynews

y

PAGE 5 UNIVERSITY

Higher ed leaders attend opening events

a few days late, but the News wishes Yale a happy 314th birthday. Founded on Oct. 9, 1701, Yale was originally named the Collegiate School of Connecticut. The school was renamed in honor of Elihu Yale in 1718, when the benefactor donated funds and books to the University.

Speaking of the debate, yesterday CNN released the podium order for the evening.

Clinton will take center stage, flanked by two candidates on either side. Facing her will be Anderson Cooper ’89, who is moderating the debate.

Indigenous People’s Day celebrates broad range of cultures

Yale-NUS inaugurates new campus

Happy Belated, Yale. We’re

Two Alums, One Stage.

COLUMBUS NAY

Singaporean Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong joins in Yale-NUS’ inaugural festivities.

Design balances tradition, innovation

BY QI XU STAFF REPORTER For its first three years of existence, Yale-NUS occupied a single building within the expansive National University of Singapore campus. Dorms, classrooms and faculty offices sat stacked on top of one another in the borrowed 17-story NUS building.

Today, a stroll through Yale-NUS’ new campus takes visitors through three completed residential colleges — Saga, Elm and Cendana — as well as through sky gardens, linked courtyards and an eco-pond. The $240-million construction project,

started in July 2012, was completed in July and formally inaugurated on Monday. As the college celebrates its new home, Yale-NUS administrators, faculty and students said shaping the college’s identity, traditions and student life is the next step.

CONSTRUCTING IDENTITY

Before Yale-NUS moved into its new campus, the college’s first two cohorts — the class of 2017 and class of 2018 — lived in a transient home known as RC4, a building owned by NUS. Students were grouped by floor based on the residential college to which they were assigned, even while

CS50 excitement and enrollment drop

BY DANIELA BRIGHENTI STAFF REPORTER Six weeks into the fall term, the hype surrounding CS50 — the most popular class in Yale College history — has largely subsided, as many students find themselves surprised by increasingly challenging topics and problem sets in the class.

CS50, which is officially known as Computer Science 100, or “Introduction to Computing and Programming,” originated at Harvard University and was brought to Yale for the first time this year. The class made its presence felt around campus early on, with a strong publicity campaign that featured campus-wide posters, giant sheet cakes and even a Harvard-Yale Puzzle Day, during which students at both schools joined together to simulate a hackathon experience. The campaign was successful: the class initially attracted 510 students, making it the largest class ever at Yale.

However, as initial excitement for the class has faded, many students are struggling to perform well in it. As of this past Saturday, total class enrollment had dropped nearly 10 percent, from 510 to 448 students.

“CS50 students, many of whom don’t have prior experience with programming or computer science, may not have correctly gauged how chal-

lenging the course would be,” CS50 student teaching assistant Aubrey Wahl ’17 said.

Indeed, multiple students interviewed said they enrolled in the class expecting a fun addition to their schedules, rather than a course that would take up a large share of their study time.

David Malan, lead instructor of CS50 at Harvard, said the class — which has two lectures and a problem set each week — is designed to grow increasingly difficult as the semester goes on.

As a result, students who started out comfortable in the class soon found themselves struggling to finish problem sets and understand all the concepts taught in class.

“CS50 is definitely not the ‘gut’ people might have thought it was coming in,” student teaching assistant Devansh Tandon ’17 said.

Due to the way CS50 is structured, with lecture videos that are live-streamed from Cambridge, most of the learning is done outside of the classroom, previous Harvard student teaching assistant Gabriel Guimarães said. He added that for this reason, the CS50 teaching staff — which at Yale is made up of 47 people, including 29 student teaching assistants — provides students with various additional resources, such as online forums, lecture notes and SEE CS50 PAGE 8

Mayor hopefuls talk education

ROBBIE SHORT/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Harp faces two challengers: former alder and city clerk Keitazulu and plumbing business owner Smith.

BY NOAH DAPONTE-SMITH STAFF REPORTER New Haven’s mayoral race sprung to life Monday night, as Mayor Toni Harp met her two challengers — Sundiata Keitazulu and Ron Smith — for a televised debate.

Sitting side by side in the Citizen’s Television Network studio on State Street,

the three mayoral candidates took turns discussing the issues facing the city.

Unemployment and education took center stage, with the candidates butting heads over Harp’s recent election to the Board of Education presidency. The debate, moderated by New Haven Independent Editor Paul Bass ’82, marks the first time all

three candidates have come together during this year’s relatively quiet campaign season.

Harp’s challengers face tough odds in their bids for the mayor’s office. Smith, a former alder and city clerk, is a constant on the New Haven political scene. KeitaSEE DEBATE PAGE 8

PAGE 2

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

OPINION

.COMMENT “This will be the death knell for the college system.” yaledailynews.com

GUEST COLUMNISTS MAX GOLDBERG AND RIANNA JOHNSON-LEVY

Imagining our home O

n the ground floor of Baker Hall, an annex dorm behind Payne Whitney Gym, there’s a small workspace whose door is usually locked. You’ll pass a small meeting room as you walk down the hall. The first door is the Office of Alcohol and Drugs Harm Reduction Initiative. The second is the office of Melanie Boyd, an administrator whose work focuses on issues of sexual misconduct and culture. Behind the third door is a room about the size of an LDub double. This is the sole university LGBTQ office serving all students, faculty and staff — a community of over 18,000 people.

As board members of Yale’s LGBTQ Cooperative, Yale’s undergraduate LGBTQ umbrella group, we have spent countless hours with other LGBTQ leaders grappling with the question of where to host events and how to fund them.

We compete for space with graduate groups and the people who call the Office of LGBTQ their workspace, where they do academic advising and have administrative meetings around campus policy. In order to host an event for which a classroom space is not comfortable or welcoming, we have to pay to rent a suite or fight, once again, to win space at the Women’s Center.

We end up spending so much of our own time and money making sure that stuff happens, that by the time our efforts bear fruit, we are too frustrated to enjoy them, and our community has lost interest. The Office of LGBTQ resources provides no funding for the Cooperative, giving its name a shade of irony.

Every year, freshmen ask us why the office is so small and far away, and why almost none of the LGBTQ groups meet there. The dominating sentiments are confusion and disappointment: if Yale is the “Gay Ivy,” why doesn’t it support us? Most LGBTQ students have never used the Office. If a student were to walk in hoping to meet people or to find a space to be themselves and have fun, they would be sorely disappointed. Beyond administering the LGBTQ peer liaison program, the office offers almost no programming or resources geared towards undergraduates. Its website is populated with a cornucopia of graduate programming, but the only event posted “for undergraduates” for the fall semester was an ice cream social in September. Half the attendees were graduate students. The primary reason why undergraduates trek to the office is that they’re having a problem: homophobic roommates, being misgendered by a professor, etc.

The lack of resources Yale

GUE ST COLUMNIST EVY BEHLING

Fetal rights are human rights I

provides to LGBTQ undergraduates sets it apart. Yale isn’t just lagging behind its peer institutions, it’s eating their dust.

Dartmouth, a school with a student body a third our size, has a freestanding LGBTQ center, LGBTQ-specific housing options, a scholarship fund for LGBTQ students disowned by their parents and open-access gender-neutral housing for all four years, among many other resources that Yale lacks. Penn, the “other” Gay Ivy, blows us out of the water, with a dedicated LGBTQ center that houses 25 student groups, incorporating a library, a lounge, a TV room and even a computer lab. It’s no surprise that the space attracts everyone, not just members of the LGBTQ community. These spaces allow students to make friends, to laugh, to find empathy in a peer community in a way that an office setting does not. Our own cultural houses are a great example of how to support marginalized communities on campus. They provide space for socializing and learning, benefiting the entire Yale community. An LGBTQ center could serve a similar purpose, providing space for all students to learn about LGBTQ issues and to explore their own identities.

For decades, Yalies have been pushing for an LGBTQ center. Now, we are at a critical moment in Yale’s history. The university has asked students to imagine the Schwarzman Center. While creating an LGBTQ center would not solve all the problems that LGBTQ students face, it would address nearly all of them. It gives us a space to meet, a space to socialize, a home base from which we can grow and come into our own.

Following Princeton and other universities’ lead by placing our LGBTQ center within the general student center would welcome students who aren’t part of the LGBTQ community to wander in and learn, and to leave feeling more comfortable with themselves. Everyone, regardless of their sexual or gender identity, has to grapple with these issues in their own life or in relation to someone they care about. It’s vital to have these resources in a place where everyone can access them.

To imagine an LGBTQ space in the Schwarzman Center is nothing new. We have been imagining for long time. Now is the time for Yale to make that a reality.

spent this previous Friday afternoon with fellow members of Choose Life at Yale (CLAY), Yale’s pro-life organization, giving away cupcakes and talking with other students about abortion in Bass Cafe.

We laid out a handmade timeline of fetal development titled “When do human rights begin?” and gave those who passed by neon dot stickers to place on the poster. We had over 30 students place stickers on the timeline at many different stages of development, demonstrating there are a wide variety of viewpoints at Yale about when personhood begins. Though we might expect Yale students to be overwhelmingly in favor of broader accessibility of abortion, I discovered that when you ask basic questions about the nature of human development, people challenge their own assumptions.

One friend placed his dot firmly at birth, arguing that human rights are conferred on an individual only when one physically enters society. Another student placed her sticker earlier at 21 weeks. This is the point of “viability,” the earliest point at which a premature baby can survive outside the womb given current neonatal technology. This is also roughly the point of development at which the Supreme Court ruled in “Planned Par-

MAX GOLDBERG is a junior in Pierson College. Contact him at max.j.goldberg@yale.edu.

RIANNA JOHNSON-LEVY is a junior in Jonathan Edwards College.

Contact her at rianna.johnson-levy@yale.edu.

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The News’ View represents the opinion of the majority of the members of the Yale Daily News Managing Board of 2017. Other content on this page with bylines represents the opinions of those authors and not necessarily those of the Managing Board. Opinions set forth in ads do not necessarily reflect the views of the Managing Board. We reserve the right to refuse any ad for any reason and to delete or change any copy we consider objectionable, false or in poor taste. We do not verify the contents of any ad. The Yale Daily News Publishing Co., Inc. and its officers, employees and agents disclaim any responsibility for all liabilities, injuries or damages arising from any ad. The Yale Daily News Publishing Co. ISSN 0890-2240

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COPYRIGHT 2015 — VOL. CXXXVIII, NO. 29

works against meaningful change for the status of women in society.

I agree with those students who argue that personhood begins at conception. Human rights should not be granted only on the basis of possessing self-awareness, a functional sensory system or the ability to consciously move.

Think of someone you know who lacks some or all of these capacities, and ask yourself, are these people any less human than I am?

Regardless of any of the differing philosophical conceptions of human worth, it is scientific fact that all the genetic information necessary for the essential characteristics of a person are present in the 23 pairs of chromosomes in the human zygote at fertilization. The physical characteristics of this new human will change as it grows from embryo to fetus to baby to toddler and so on; at every stage, it is the same human worthy of the same protection from unjust death.

Pro-lifers do not deny that pregnancy can be a difficult, disruptive and downright dangerous thing for women. Within the prolife framework, it can still be morally permissible for a physician to induce labor early or to otherwise remove the fetus from the womb in cases where the health of the mother is truly at risk (i.e. ectopic pregnancy or eclampsia). In

these cases the physician acts to preserve as much life as possible, rather than with the intent to kill. These situations are difficult and they do happen. But resolving them properly requires a full acknowledgment of the personhood of the growing fetus.

Abortion is not something that is rare in practice. Based on 2011 statistics from the Guttmacher Institute, a nonprofit organization aligned with the prochoice movement, an average of 40 abortions a day occur in the state of Connecticut alone. I am not here to condemn anyone on this campus who has had an abortion; rather, as members of CLAY, we seek to inform students fully as they are making decisions regarding pregnancy and their views on abortion.

CLAY cares about abortion because we think that someone ought to speak up for those who can’t speak for themselves. We also care about abortion because we value the lives of every person on this campus. The pro-life perspective affirms that all people have tremendous worth at every stage of life, and that everyone has the right to protection from unjust death, regardless of circumstance.

EVY BEHLING is a junior in Trumbull College. Contact her at evelyn.behling@yale.edu .

G U E S T C O L U M N I S T K E V I N O LT E A N U

Going beyond culture

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enthood v. Casey” that abortion (for all reasons) must be permitted in all 50 states. In more liberal states, abortion is available "on demand" up to the third trimester (27 weeks).

And yet, many students — even of those who called themselves “pro-choice” — expressed that personhood starts at a point much earlier than this legal standard. They felt that such characteristics as perceptible movement and having a fully developed sensory system (16 weeks), or possessing a fully functioning kidney, intestines, brain and liver (10 weeks), demonstrated that the fetus had the right to live.

Some participants even put their stickers at five weeks, at which point the embryo, even though it’s only the size of a sesame seed, has a beating heart.

Then there were the participants who placed their neon dots at the moment of conception itself. Some placed their stickers there because their beliefs, religious or not, affirm an innate value in each human life the moment fertilization occurs.

Some did so because they believe that a society that encourages the violent act of abortion, instead of acting to truly support all of its expectant mothers, is no society at all. Some did so because they think that a legal standard that permits abortion “on demand”

YANNA LEE/CONTRIBUTING ILLUSTRATOR

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EDITOR IN CHIEF Stephanie Addenbrooke

'RICK131' ON 'UNIVERSITY SELECTS SCHWARZMAN ARCHITECT'

S

ex. Just kidding, keep reading. We consider ourselves to be sharp, critical thinkers.

However, because of Yale’s institutionally induced “anything goes” culture, we become dangerously unaccustomed to original thought. Instead, we stick with the bandwagon. I had this realization while grabbing lunch with a member of the Conservative Party of the Yale Political Union.

I was looking into the party, so he asked why I was conservative. I racked my brain trying to come up with some philosophically esoteric response. Then, after failing to think of anything impressive, I decided to go with the honest answer: I was raised by religious parents that escaped communist Romania and distrusted big government. In other words, I was an environmental byproduct.

This, of course, was a bad answer. I knew that I held certain beliefs, but I couldn’t pinpoint why. All that I had done was explain a cause-and-effect relationship. My family, friends and religion leaned one way and

I leaned the same way. I adopted my culture’s conservative opinions without formulating my own.

Oftentimes, Yalies do the same with liberalism. We enthralled with Yale’s liberal political and moral culture. We convince ourselves that these opinions are original, but usually they’re just taken off the bandwagon shelf.

We form our identities around the larger Yale identity, perhaps to gain that warm, fuzzy feeling of belonging. Because we do this, we tend to stick to majority opinion instead of thinking as individuals.

In the political sphere, we focus on party labels instead of policy issues. To reference the Ward 1 Alder election, the “R” in front of Ugonna Eze’s campaign is seen as his main political problem, not his policy proposals. According to Eze’s website, his policies focus on homelessness, crime, underperforming schools, irresponsible spending and connecting Yale to the community. His campaign team is bipartisan, and yet his label is still the cause for con-

cern. As someone who is working on Ugonna's campaign, I find this puzzling.If we are truly progressive, let’s be open to progress wherever it comes from.

A similar pattern governs Yale’s institutional relativism, which has metastasized to nearly all aspects of campus life. Underage drinking is treated as a health issue and nothing more. Sex can be as casual as taking your friend to froyo: as long as they explicitly say that they want the yogurt, you’re in the clear. Religion is just something that we used to do.

And screw patriotism anyway!

Only warmongering, capitalist pigs say the pledge of alleigance nowadays. On a good day, we still claim to value tradition: For God, For Country, and For Yale. But this is college — we don’t make value judgments here. Though, if you do, we’ll judge you.

Of course, we intellectuals always have and always will believe in things. The danger comes when these beliefs aren’t rooted in anything but culture, because culture can be wrong.

Whether you are conservative,

liberal or neither, step outside of your bubble and think about the ideas themselves. Vote by policy, not party lines. Live by your own moral code, not the crowd’s moral code. If your beliefs are your own and they also happen to coincide with Yale’s political and moral culture, then you don’t have a problem. If, on the other hand, you realize that your beliefs are only rooted in Yale’s culture, then walk outside the Popeyes’ boundary and form your own beliefs.

After graduation, we will go on to join the educated aristocracy. We will lead in the world’s most powerful institutions, in fields such as STEM, education, business, law and the media. In essence, we will be directing our nation’s culture. Will this new direction be rooted in the pursuit of truth, or in the pursuit of popularity? These two ideals need not be mutually exclusive. Yet, if they become so, it is our duty to side with truth.

KEVIN OLTEANU is a freshman in Ezra Stiles College. Contact him at kevin.olteanu@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 3

NEWS

“Drugs? Everyone has a choice and I choose not to do drugs.” LEONARDO DICAPRIO AMERICAN ACTOR

CORRECTIONS

CT sees eight cases of West Nile Virus

MONDAY, OCT. 12

A previous version of the story “University selects Schwarzman architect” incorrectly stated that Beyer Blinder Belle renovated the Metropolitan Museum of Art. In fact, the firm engaged in master planning for the site.

A previous version of the article “New campus group to unite students against sexual assault” incorrectly attributed a quotation to Helen Price ‘18 that should have been attributed to Anthony D’Ambrosio ’18. In addition, Price was quoted saying that University initiatives such as the CCE program have already done positive work to improve the sexual climate on campus, but Price did not directly refer to the CCE program. The article also incorrectly stated the gender of Alex Borsa ’16, and misstated the title of the Communication and Consent Educators program.

New student group examines drug policy

BY JOEY YE STAFF REPORTER A new campus organization is looking to loosen University regulations against on-campus drug use.

Launched last Friday, Yale Students for Sensible Drug Policy is a branch of the Students for Sensible Drug Policy, an international organization dedicated to fighting against “counterproductive Drug War policies,” according to the group’s website. At Yale, members will focus on clarifying University sanctions for drug use and ensuring that drug-related emergencies are treated as medical concerns, not disciplinary issues.

Currently, University policy states that Yale College will not discipline students seeking help for alcohol-related medical emergencies — an approach known as the “Good Samaritan Policy.” Instead, students treated for alcohol incidents are required to participate in either educational programming or health counseling.

Yale SSDP President Clement Dupuy ’17 said the chapter will concentrate the bulk of its efforts on extending this policy to drugs as well. Though Dupuy said it has not yet been decided which specific drugs would be included, he noted that extending the policy to include drugs would decrease the risks associated with overdosing, as students would be encouraged to seek help without fear of repercussions.

“The overall aim in terms of values is to change the drug policies on Yale’s campus to be less focused on unequivocal punitive measures and more on dealing with this as a health problem rather than a disciplinary problem,” said Yale SSDP Vice President Annelisa Leinbach ’16, a staff photographer and former illustrations editor for the News.

Two years ago, Yale received a “C” grade for its drug and alcohol policies in a “Campus Drug and Alcohol Gradebook” released by the international SSDP group.

The analysis was based on the written drug and alcohol policies of the top 300 colleges as ranked

by Forbes Magazine in 2013.

That year, then-SSDP Outreach Coordinator Devon Tackels told the News that the organization found a lack of “clear sanctions for possible violations” of drug and alcohol policies as well as a limited number of medical amnesty policies at Yale. All other Ivy League institutions received a grade of “B.” Yale introduced its current version of the alcohol medical emergency policy in 2014. According to Lincoln Swaine-Moore ’17, a member of SSDP’s new Yale chapter, while the policy signals progress with regards to Yale’s approach to alcohol, changes still need to be made on the topic of drugs.

“My impression is that Yale has made some really good first steps with regard to alcohol policy, but according to SSDP, Yale is the only Ivy rated a ‘C’ while all the others are ‘B,’ and I think it’s something we should definitely work to fix,”

he said. “It says something about how Yale might have farther to go in its drug policies, particularly with amnesty.”

With only three current members, the group has yet to hold its first official meeting. Dupuy said the club is currently trying to establish recruitment dates as well as outline clear objectives for the current academic year. He added that the group has already been in discussion with the Yale chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, noting that current national enforcement of drug policies is disproportionately targeted against disadvantaged ethnic minorities.

Dupuy said one initiative the group will focus on is implementing “law enforcement assisted diversion,” a program pioneered in Seattle. According to the program’s website, LEAD puts low-level drug and prostitution offenders in contact with social workers who provide offenders with job training, food and rehabilitation rather than having them face prosecution and time in jail.

“Now that we’re in this zone where these issues of racial discrimination are getting the attention they deserve, we can call attention to the tools being used to perpetuate these disparities,” Dupuy said. He added that many more people are now questioning not only whether banning drugs is the best way to stop their use, but also whether notions of drugs’ harmfulness are exaggerated.

Brown University also has its own chapter of SSDP, which was established in 2002. Brown SSDP President Diego Arene-Morley said her chapter has been formally included in the administration’s drug and alcohol policy-making process, with group members serving on the university’s Alcohol and Other Drugs Committee. The University of Pennsylvania is the only other Ivy League school that has a chapter of SSDP. In 2013, when asked about the SSDP gradebook, University Spokesman Tom Conroy told the News that SSDP is not an organization the University relies on when formulating its policies.

Assistant Dean of Student Affairs Melanie Boyd, who oversees Yale’s Alcohol and Other Drugs Harm Reduction Initiative, could not be reached for comment.

Dupuy said he thinks that once students are made more aware of his group’s suggested policy changes, they will rally behind the cause.

“A lot of students don’t know that Yale has no drug amnesty policy,” he said. “I think once they hear [our] intuition, there will be student consensus that this will be a policy that should be implemented.”

The first chapter of SSDP was founded in 1998 by a group of students from George Washington University and the Rochester Institute of Technology.

Contact JOEY YE at shuaijiang.ye@yale.edu .

Fill this space.

BY SARA SEYMOUR AND AMY CHENG STAFF REPORTER AND CONTRIBUTING REPORTER After the state saw its highest rate of the West Nile Virus since 2012, experts said there are steps citizens can take to protect themselves, despite the increasingly low chances of transmission as temperatures drop in Connecticut.

Eight West Nile cases were confirmed between August and September this year, with one in New Haven, another in Shelton and six in Bridgeport, according to the State of Connecticut Mosquito Management Program in an Oct. 8 report on the human surveillance of West Nile Virus.

Though this rate is the highest Connecticut has seen in three years — with a record 21 cases confirmed in 2012 — experts and city officials said the risk going forward is relatively low. West Nile Virus, which is transmitted from birds to mosquitoes and then from mosquitoes to humans, is most common during the warmer months of the year, said Leonard Munstermann, senior research scientist in microbial disease at the School of Public Health and head curator of entomology at the Yale Peabody Museum.

“We’re really on the tailend of the season, so it’s actually a little bit late to have a case [of West Nile Virus],” Colleen O’Connor, the special assis-

tant to the New Haven Health Director, said. “But it’s been unseasonably warm so people have to remember that it’s still possible to catch West Nile.”

Humans cannot spread the illness to others and are more likely to contract West Nile Virus in the summer because there are more mosquitoes, Munstermann said.

He added that people who are immunocompromised or over the age of 65 are at a higher risk of experiencing serious symptoms. Most healthy people who contract the disease do not show symptoms any more severe than those of a mild cold.

“In terms of the Yale student community, I venture to say the risk of serious illness is [negligible],” Munstermann said.

Alexia Belperron, research scientist in medicine and lecturer in the Department of

Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, said the incubation period for West Nile Virus is usually 14 days, with cases that result in hospitalization taking longer to develop.

Belperron added that controlling transmission of West Nile Virus can be challenging because it is impossible to control where infected birds fly.

But mosquitoes can be tested for infection, she said.

O’Connor said that when New Haven conducts its annual collection of mosquitoes, there are always a number of insects that test positively. She cited several ways that the public can protect themselves from being bitten, such as applying insect repellent and removing standing water from their property. O’Connor added that each year, New Haven provides insect repellent to elderly citizens, who are particularly sus-

ceptible to the virus. The city also applies larvicide to areas where standing water often collects, such as manhole covers.

The West Nile Virus was first discovered in the West Nile subregion of Uganda. Its history in the United States can be traced back to a 1999 outbreak, during which more than a dozen cases were confirmed in New York City. An epidemic swept across the United States in the years following, Munstermann said, adding that there have been smaller waves of West Nile Virus outbreaks since then.

The latest case of West Nile Virus in Connecticut was confirmed on Sept. 27.

Contact SARA SEYMOUR at sara.seymour@yale.edu and AMY CHENG at and xiaomeng.cheng@yale.edu .

COURTESY OF WIKIMEDIA COMMONS

West Nile Virus is a vector-borne disease that is carried by birds and transmitted by mosquitoes.

State to add three marijuana dispensaries one application, indicating that they have proposed opening dispensaries at multiple locations.

Harris said the DCP has not finalized the dispensary locations, adding that he could not disclose details about the review process because doing so would violate the fairness and integrity of the application process.

Thomas Schultz ’72, the president of Connecticut Pharmaceutical Solutions, applied to open a dispensary in either New Haven or Milford in late September. His company is one of the state’s four licensed producers of medical marijuana.

Schultz said he selected the two proposed locations based on his interest in opening a facility close to Yale, a location which would allow his company to carry out advanced research at the School of Medicine because researchers could observe the effects of medical marijuana on patients.

Schultz said he would like to open a dispensary so that researchers affiliated with his company — some of whom participated this September in the Cannabinoid Conference in Sestri Levante, Italy, which hosted scientists who presented research on medical marijuana — would have the chance to observe patients on a regular basis and study which of the various forms of medical marijuana are most beneficial in treating specific diseases.

“From my point of view, having a dispensary would allow us to have direct interaction with the patients and further the research in a way that is absolutely critical,” said Schultz.

New Haven residents said they would welcome a medical marijuana dispensary in the Elm City. New Haven resident Russell LoPinto said that he would support the opening of a dispensary.

BY REBECCA KARABUS STAFF REPORTER The Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection will announce three new locations for medical marijuana dispensaries in New Haven and Fairfield counties by early next year.

Six medical marijuana dispensaries have opened in Connecticut since the state approved the sale of marijuana for medical purposes in June 2012, but New Haven and Fairfield counties currently each only have one medical dispensary serving residents. The DCP is targeting these counties because the majority of patients seeking access to medical marijuana live in either Fairfield or New Haven County, Connecticut’s Consumer Protection Commissioner Jonathan Harris said.

“We believe, based on demand and location of dispensaries on ground currently, those two counties would be best place to select applicants for new dispensaries,” Harris said.

The DCP announced in June of this year that it would allow three more dispensaries to open in order to meet expanding demand among qualifying patients. Harris said the number of patients who qualify for medical cards — which authorize patients to legally purchase medical marijuana — has grown from 1,683 to more than 6,000 since September of last year.

The number of Connecticut doctors certified to evaluate patients and issue cards has grown to around 257, he added.

Since the announcement, 15 unique individuals or companies have filed 19 applications for dispensary licenses.

Some applicants, including Organic Care, LLC, a medical marijuana dispensary based in Greenwich, have filed more than

Schultz said he believes scientists have identified a great deal of potential for cannabinoid-based medications, but the political climate has prevented the development of some products that could benefit patients. He noted that cannabis-based medications are effective in alleviating pain and potentially curing illnesses because the endocannabinoid system in humans — a part of the nervous system that mediates the psychoactive effects of cannabis — interacts with every cell in the body.

Patients must have one of 11 stateapproved conditions — including cancer, glaucoma and Parkinson’s disease — to qualify for medical cards. But seven additional conditions, including severe psoriasis and Lou Gehrig’s disease, are likely to be added to the list in the coming months, Schultz noted.

Harris said medical marijuana is not like other drugs because it consists of a “stew” of different chemicals. As a result, scientists can alter chemical levels to produce medical marijuana strains that are more effective in treating specific symptoms and conditions, he said.

Harris added that some dispensaries also offer yoga, massage therapy and reiki — a healing technique based on the principle that a therapist can channel energy into the patient through touch — to treat patients.

“It’s not just about ingesting a drug, it’s about health care in a holistic way,” Harris said.

Connecticut decriminalized the possession of less than 0.5 ounces of marijuana in 2011.

Contact REBECCA KARABUS at rebecca.karabus@yale.edu .

MAP MEDICAL MARIJUANA DISPENSARIES IN CONNECTICUT Bristol: The Healing Corner, Inc.

Bethel: Compassionate Care Center of Connecticut/ D&B Wellness, LLC

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PAGE 4

YALE DAILY NEWS ¡ TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2015 ¡ yaledailynews.com

TGIWEEKEND YOU LIVE FIVE DAYS FOR TWO.

Email ydnweekendedz@panlists.yale.edu and write about it.

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poken word poet William Giles performs at the Calhoun Cabaret in â&#x20AC;&#x153;Last Words*First Songs: An APIâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;A Poetry Tour.â&#x20AC;? Gilesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; poems were political, emotional and personal, drawing on his biography, and oftentimes referencing his background as a second generation Samoan-American poet from Hawaii. The poems also included statistics and information on issues facing the U.S. today, focusing on themes of equality, capitalism and sociopolitical discrepancies relating to race and identity. MATTHEW LEIFHEIT reports. ! 7 4 ;<,:+(@ r 6*;6),9 r 4(:;,9Â?: /6<:, r /0./ :;9,,;

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 5

NEWS

“I support the indigenous people anywhere in the planet.”

EDWARD JAMES OLMOS AMERICAN ACTOR AND DIRECTOR

Indigenous holiday celebrates inclusivity

BY LAURA PLATA CONTRIBUTING REPORTER On a crisp and clear autumn afternoon this past Sunday, members of the Yale and New Haven communities gathered on the New Haven Green to kick off a two-day celebration of Indigenous People’s Day. This year, organizers emphasized a broader definition of native identity that included indigenous Latin American and Hawaiian as well as Native American people.

Adorned in traditional native garments, participants proudly carried signs that reclaimed indigenous history in the face of colonial imperialism. In particular, the posters denounced the legacy of Christopher Columbus, who was honored by a national holiday Monday. “Raining on his parade,” “The Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria and Genocide” and “Indigenous solidarity” were just a few of the signs that bore testimony to native people’s fight for recognition during a holiday that, for some, has historically served as a reminder of the massacre of millions of Native Americans. During the event, as well as over the course of the celebration, organizers focused on inclusivity within the native community despite the significant amount of diversity within the group.

“What a lot of people don’t understand about the native community at Yale is that it’s very diverse,” said Sebastian MedinaTayac ’16, president of the Association of Native Americans at Yale and a staff reporter for the News.

“We are as linguistic and culturally diverse as any other culture.

It’s a lot of people coming together predicated on the idea of survival, which is radical in and of itself.”

The goal of Indigenous People’s Day was to celebrate the survival and resilience of indigenous people across the Western hemisphere. Events focused on weaving indigenous foods, dances

and voices from different groups within Yale and New Haven into a more comprehensive picture of native culture.

Medina-Tayac described how the events aimed to transcend barriers across cultures and communities.

“It’s about sharing our cultures and bringing our cultures together,” he said. “This idea of unity is about bridging the native community of Yale and the native community of New Haven, including refugees that come from south of the border and speak another language.

It’s important for us to reach out with Unidad Latina [en Accion]to people who stay true to their language. The southern border is a colonial construction.”

The Association of Native Americans at Yale has worked closely with Unidad Latina en Accion — an organization that fights for the human and labor rights of immigrants in New Haven — as well as La Casa Cultural to be inclusive of all indigenous people in North America.

La Casa hosted a community feast on Sunday featuring a blend of Native, Hawaiian and Latin American foods. Towering pots of dry meat soup and Mexican hot chocolate were quickly consumed along with trays of orange rice, chiles and haupia, a traditional Hawaiian dessert.

At a Sunday dinner event that was part of the Indigenous People’s Day celebrations, John Jairo Lugo, an activist with Unidad Latina en Accion, said Mexican history is closely interwoven with the history of American Indians and encouraged both groups to learn from one another.

“The event was very important because it was an opportunity for Mexican refugees to encounter American Indians,” he told the News. “We share the same story and the same continent, and we think it’s time to

ELIZABETH MILES/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

During Indigenous People’s Day celebrations, participants affirmed the resilience of native communities and denounced colonialism. break down the barriers and find ourselves as pueblos inside and on the same continent. This is just the beginning and needs to grow.”

Beyond expanding the definition of indigenous people, event organizers also grounded the celebrations in the idea that their

people are still here and will continue to resist oppression. At a round dance demonstration on Cross Campus Monday afternoon, members chanted, “We’ll take back what we want. We’ll take back what we had.”

Alanna Pyke ’19, who is involved with the Association of

Native Americans at Yale, said indigenous people have proven their resilience many times over the years.

“Indigenous People’s Day is a day to remember our ancestors and the histories of all indigenous peoples,” she said. “This day shows that the colonial poli-

cies that were started by Columbus have not gone away.”

The idea for an indigenous people’s day in place of Columbus Day first arose at a United Nations conference in 1977.

Contact LAURA PLATA at laura.plata@yale.edu .

PAGE 6

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

FROM THE FRONT

“International cooperation, multilateralism is indispensable.” HANS BLIX SWEDISH DIPLOMAT AND POLITICIAN

World, university leaders look to past and future YALE-NUS FROM PAGE 1 national university in creating Yale-NUS. “Yale and NUS have joined their strengths, called on the best traditions of East and West and contributed to the creation

of something new: a liberal arts college experience that before now could not have been found in either the East or the West,” Salovey said in his speech. “May this new college become a model for many such partnerships around the world, and as we wel-

come the community of faculty and students to their new quarters, may they occupy these wonderful spaces in the spirit of gratitude and service, eager to fulfill every hope in Singapore and at Yale that gave birth to this new college.”

COURTESY OF YALE-NUS COLLEGE

Yale-NUS President Pericles Lewis receives a commemorative gift from Yale University President Peter Salovey.

Students interviewed said the inauguration provided a chance to contemplate the past, present and future of Yale-NUS, as well as the idea of giving back after college. But others questioned whether the event would help define the identity of the college in the long term.

Zach Mahon YNUS ’17 said the inauguration fostered reflection on the progress Yale-NUS has made since its inception. Mahon said service was a common theme of the inaugural speeches, adding that Lee ended his speech by telling students to “go forth and change the world.”

“It was really an exciting day for the school, especially for those of us who have been here since the beginning to see it finally come into fruition,” Mahon said. “Yale-NUS feels like a college now.”

Ng Qi Siang YNUS ’19 said Lee’s speech was the highlight of the inauguration, adding that it centered on Yale-NUS’ role in helping bridge the gap between the East and the West through a new higher education model.

However, Ng noted that Lee also said Yale-NUS would not be a carbon copy of Yale. Ng said that while the inauguration is a celebration of the new campus, onetime events like these cannot determine the identify of a college; rather, daily interactions, student initiatives and group discussions form that identity over time.

Carmen Denia YNUS ’17 said that over the course of the inauguration, the Yale-NUS community had the chance to look back on what the school has accomplished over the past three years, as well as to imagine what the new space will allow the col-

lege to achieve in the future. Still, Denia said it would take years to know if the inauguration ultimately helped Yale-NUS build its identity.

The symposium the day prior to the inauguration featured two panels and hosted university leaders from around the world, including China, Korea, India and the Czech Republic.

At the event, Salovey said he hoped for increased engagement between Yale and Yale-NUS in the future.

“I think it is fair to say that we both share a desire to see more direct exchanges of faculty and students, the exploration of students, the exploration of more joint programs between Yale and NUS, a continued effort to find the right balance between the new college’s mission to serve its host country and its dedication to a highly internationalized faculty and student community — and, quite honestly, more effective ways we can both take what we are learning at Yale-NUS and apply those lessons back in our own institutions,” Salovey said.

During the first panel, titled “Dialogue Among Presidents,” university leaders gathered to discuss the challenges facing undergraduate education in the 21st century, especially those concerning liberal arts education.

Lewis said one important observation made by the first panel highlighted the trend towards liberal arts education in Asia. An increasing number of Asian institutions have introduced liberal arts models in the past few years, Lewis said, adding that the shift has resulted in an increasing number of humanities classes and a broader scope of knowledge and has given stu-

dents more choices.

Yet, Lewis said the panel also noted that in Western countries, there is a crisis of liberal arts education and a growing need to defend it. “[In the West], there is an increasing focus on STEM and technical education, but it is important to realize that liberal arts education is to encompass both arts and science,” Lewis said.

The second panel, “The Future of International Liberal Education,” was moderated by Lewis and had a stronger Yale-NUS focus. Levin and Tan reviewed the origins of Yale-NUS, their hopes for the college and the purpose of the Yale and NUS partnership.

Afterward, university leaders from three different continents — Zhang Jie, president of Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China, Catharine Bond Hill, president of Vassar College in New York and Andrew Hamilton, vice-chancellor of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom — each spoke about a distinct aspect of higher education. Zhang discussed the 10-year track for faculty that was introduced at SJTU, Hill discussed access to education and Hamilton discussed the differences between the British and American style of education.

Mahon, who observed part of the symposium, said Hamilton also explored the purpose of a liberal education.

“The subject is a vehicle for the training of the mind,” Mahon quoted Hamilton as saying.

A tour of the new campus took place after the inauguration ceremony.

Contact DAVID SHIMER at david.shimer@yale.edu

New campus brings Elm City to Singapore CAMPUS FROM PAGE 1 together for four years, build connections and have spaces to do fun things, to learn and to grow together,” Lewis said.

He added that the colleges were designed to enhance communication and intimacy among students through open passageways that allow students to see one another from different sides of the building and engage more frequently.

Saga College Rector Sarah Weiss, whose role is similar to a Yale mastership, said that just as students at Yale take part in extracurricular activities, live in suites and lodge in residential colleges, the Yale-NUS community is multilayered. Having separate residential college buildings enhances students’ sense of belonging to a particular residential community, enables different colleges to use their physical spaces to host both college-specific and campus-wide events and helps build an identity within each college.

“The unique spaces in each of the residential colleges provide opportunities for customization and allow for the critical space that students and faculty can capitalize on to begin to create

the unique identities that would characterize each residential college in the years to come,” Cendana College Rector Derek Heng said.

Still, Bozy Lu YNUS ’18 said that although the new campus does constitute Yale-NUS’ physical presence, the students and staff are the ones who ultimately build the college’s identity. The new campus provides a space for students to interact, but how they make use of it is what really defines it, Bozy added.

Jason Carlo Carranceja YNUS ’18 said that by allowing students to move into Yale-NUS’ own campus from the borrowed NUS building, Yale-NUS’ identity as an autonomous institution is firmly cemented. Although the new campus may not capture the close-knit environment that was a trademark of the original space, the move gives students a chance to start fresh and lay new traditions in the permanent home.

REIMAGINING TRADITIONS

Occupying 64,000 square meters, the new Yale-NUS campus was a collaboration between Forum Architects in Singapore and Pelli Clarke Pelli Architects in New Haven. Lewis said the new

campus’ design, which combines local Singaporean and Western aesthetics, embodies the school’s vision. For example, Lewis said the new campus contains butteries, courtyards and suites adapted from Yale’s architecture, but also contains coloring, patterning and wood of the SoutheastAsian tradition. The naming of the three residential colleges also reflects Yale-NUS’ ties to both Yale and Singapore — Elm College was named to reflect its links to New Haven and Saga and Cendana Colleges honor trees indigenous to the region, according to Yale-NUS’ Executive Vice President for Institutional Affairs Doris Sohmen-Pao, who supervised the college’s infrastructure team.

“Our approach to the YaleNUS campus design was to combine the sensibilities common to both the Yale campus residential college model and Asian architecture and let Singapore’s climatic context influence the forms,” said Mariko Masuoka ’78 ARC ’80, an architect from Pelli Clarke Pelli Architects, who led the design project. “In the end, the campus design is not a simple mash-up of architectural elements but rather a unique response to context.”

At Yale, residential college

entryways house about 30 to 40 students and are arranged horizontally along the perimeters of college courtyards. But due to Singapore’s limited land, high population density and highrise urban landscape, Yale-NUS’ entryways, or neighborhoods, are stacked vertically within a tower.

Wong Chin Wah, associate director of Forum Architects, said the internal community within each residential college neighborhood is maintained by a shared sky garden — an outdoor living room that is an essential feature of the tropics and Singapore, the “Garden City.”

Wong added that while YaleNUS kept the Yale tradition of having courtyards, the Yale-NUS campus is composed of a series of interlocking courtyards that flow one into the next through a walkway. The college courtyards are also designed with breezeways and large openings aligned in so that they do not block Singapore’s tropical, monsoon-driven breeze. The tropical climate also spurred the design team to modify the Yale-NUS courtyards by adding covered colonnades with rain screens to block the sun and rain, Masuoka said.

SERVING STUDENTS

Before the new campus was built, Yale-NUS students relied on NUS spaces for lecture theaters and gym use and shared a dining hall with NUS’ College of Alice & Peter Tan. Now the students will have their own lecture halls, library and black box theater — resources students said they enjoy. However, upperclassmen interviewed voiced mixed views on moving out of RC4 and being divided into different residential colleges.

“In the past, all the college activities were held in one small building, so everyone wanted to get away from it during the weekends,” Tan Weiliang YNUS ’18 said. “It’s less of a problem these days. I also have no trouble finding quiet study spaces, or rooms for group meetings these days. There is no longer a battle to secure the only big common lounge for student organization events. I certainly feel much happier living in the new campus.”

Weiss, who is also an associate professor of music, said that with the increased number of classrooms, scheduling class time is more flexible. Weiss added that facilities with various functions give students space to do things

they could not for the past two years.

Still, while students praised the new campus for its facilities, some said the intimacy of living in a single building was lost when students were divided into three different residential colleges.

“As we moved to the new campus, the reality of the separation of the three [residential colleges] struck us upperclassmen hard,” Carranceja said. “Gone were the days of seeing almost everyone every day. The residential college divide is real, and we rarely see our old friends from other [residential colleges] other than in our class.”

John Reid YNUS ’18 said that partly because students are more geographically dispersed, it is no longer possible to know everyone in the school, adding that while the change is natural, a kind of intimacy has faded.

Lu said the clear physical distinction between the three residential colleges does help to foster spirit and strong bonds within them individually. Still, Lu said the divide is not very significant because the student population is still so small.

Contact QI XU at qi.xu@yale.edu .

TIMELINE YALE-NUS THROUGH THE YEARS June 2009 NUS approaches Yale for advice about opening an undergraduate college in the American model.

July 2012 Construction of the Yale-NUS campus begins.

April 2011 Yale-NUS is founded at a ceremony attended by the prime minister of Singapore.

Oct. 12, 2015 The college's new campus is inaugurated.

May 2015 The Yale-NUS community starts moving into its new campus.

TRESA JOSEPH/PRODUCTION & DESIGN EDITOR

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 7

AROUND THE IVIES

“There is a duality in every man and every woman.” RAQUEL WELCH AMERICAN ACTRESS AND SINGER

T H E B R O W N D A I LY H E R A L D

T H E C O L U M B I A S P E C TAT O R

RISD cross-registration sees increase

CDCJ presents new divestment proposal

BY MAX CHAIKEN Only a select handful of students at Brown and the Rhode Island School of Design are chosen to participate in the BrownRISD Dual Degree program each year. But hundreds of other students at both institutions choose to cross-register for classes at their neighbor on College Hill, getting a taste of both a research university and an arts school.

The number of students electing to take courses at the other school — not including members of the Dual Degree program — rose from 361 in the 2007–08 academic year to 486 in the 2014– 15 academic year, according to the Office of Institutional Research.

The number of Brown students taking courses at RISD has remained relatively consistent at around 175, according to the OID. But the number of RISD stu-

dents taking courses at Brown rose substantially from 186 in the 2007– 08 academic BROWN year to 308 in the 2014–15 academic year.

Cross-registration “works both ways — it gives students a different perspective and a different set of opportunities than they have at their individual institution,” said Lisa Mather, associate registrar for operations management.

“Brown is a terrific institution and has a much broader set of offerings in many areas such as languages, sciences, computers and engineering, which is an attraction for many RISD students,” said Steven Berenback, registrar at RISD.

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BY CATIE EDMONDSON The Advisory Committee on Socially Responsible Investing will consider a new student proposal urging fossil fuel divestment — almost a year and half after rejecting a similar proposal.

Columbia Divest for Climate Justice submitted a proposal urging the university to divest from its holdings in any fossil fuel companies over the next five years to ACSRI on Tuesday.

ACSRI is tasked with providing a recommendation on fossil fuel divestment to the board of trustees, who have the final vote on any divestment decision.

According to Jeffrey Gordon, the chair of ACSRI, the committee invited CDCJ organizers on Wednesday to present the proposal at ACSRI’s meeting next week, an invitation organizers said they accepted.

Since its founding as Barnard Columbia Divest in 2012, the activist group has called on the university to divest from the fossil fuel industry, creating an alternative investment fund and participating in both on-campus and national protests calling for action on climate change.

Gordon said it is possible that the “committee would be in a full position to act by its November meeting.”

Barnard Columbia Divest, which changed its name to CDCJ after the founding of a Barnardspecific fossil fuel divestment group, submitted a divestment proposal in November of 2013, which ACSRI rejected.

The proposal urged the committee to recommend that the university divest from the top 200 publicly traded coal, oil and gas investments and all direct holdings and commingled funds

within five years.

It a l so requested that the university immeCOLUMBIA d i a t e l y freeze any new investments in fossil fuel.

In their response to BCD’s 2013 proposal, the committee noted that the proposal failed to meet the necessary tests for divestment: broad consensus within the university community, the merits of the case lying clearly on one side and the determination that divestment is more appropriate than engagement with the company.

“While there is some student consensus, the merits of the case are not clearly on one side, nor are we sure that Columbia’s divestment would send a signal more powerful than engagement,” ACSRI wrote. “It seems unlikely to us that divestment from fossil fuel would ‘revoke a social license’ when we continue to use fossil fuels day after day in every aspect of our lives.”

Though Gordon noted that the supporting arguments CDCJ advances in their new proposal have been “substantially developed,” their proposal fails to present new arguments as to why divestment is a more powerful action for the university to take than engagement — one of the core reasons ACSRI rejected their proposal in 2013. According to Gordon, the proposal that CDCJ submitted Tuesday is “very similar” to the first.

“Although I haven’t done a line-by-line comparison, my understanding is that the actual divestment request with respect to the number and types of firms is the same proposal that was

made during academic year 2013–14,” Gordon said.

CDCJ’s new proposal largely makes the same three requests, though the original request that the university divest from any investments in the top 200 publicly traded fossil fuel investments has been amended to ask that the university “implement a freeze on any new investments” in the same category.

In their response to BCD’s first proposal, ACSRI noted that Columbia does not have any holdings that appear on the top 200 list.

In an email to ACSRI members, CDCJ wrote that they consider the committee’s rejection of their first proposal “rather arbitrary and not a reflection of or relevant to the work of your iteration of the committee,” claiming that the committee voted on a PowerPoint proposal they made, not a formal proposal.

CDCJ organizer Daniela Lapidous said that when group members reached out to ACSRI to discuss next steps in spring 2014, the committee told the group that they would be voting on the PowerPoint proposal from the previous semester in one week.

The committee has decided to consider CDCJ’s new proposal independently of past events.

“The membership of the committee has substantially changed since the initial proposal was considered,” Gordon said. “It’s fair to ask whether the views of the committee members have evolved since the initial consideration.”

Only three members who served on the committee when ACSRI rejected the first proposal currently serve on ACSRI.

Gordon was named as the chair of the committee last fall.

“The committee is going to take up this proposal in the first instance, before proceeding to reflect further on the Stand Up For Science framework that it has been developing,” Gordon said.

Stand Up For Science is the internal proposal ACSRI created that would recommend Columbia only divest from companies that do not acknowledge climate change.

“The climate change issue was rather unique as opposed to apartheid or private prisons even, in that core facts were contested — the basic science of climate change had not been accepted,” Gordon said at the Columbia University Senate plenary in September. “And here, the university might have a distinct role to play because we produce some of the key research in the climate change area.”

CDCJ has largely panned Stand Up For Science, pushing instead for full divestment.

Approximately 30 CDCJ members held a silent protest outside a meeting between some CDCJ organizers, Columbia University President Lee Bollinger, and members of the board of trustees on Tuesday, holding banners that bore phrases like, “It’s time to listen, we won’t be silenced.”

Stand Up For Science “is not enough in sending a message and also generally as a standard doesn’t make sense,” Amy Wang, an organizer with CDCJ, said. “Fossil fuel companies are all climate deniers, and they profit off the belief that there’s no climate change, so the Stand Up for Science argument is something our group doesn’t support in any way.”

PAGE 8

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

FROM THE FRONT Schools, jobs dominate debate

“Building sustainable cities - and a sustainable future - will need open dialogue among all branches of national, regional and local government.” BAN KI-MOON SECRETARY-GENERAL OF THE U.N.

CS50 enrollment drops 10 percent CS50 FROM PAGE 1

ROBBIE SHORT/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Harp faces two challengers: former alder and city clerk Keitazulu and plumbing-business owner Smith.

DEBATE FROM PAGE 1 zulu, who was born and raised in New Haven, served 10 years in prison for selling cocaine but now runs a plumbing business in Newhallville. Smith and Keitazulu, who will both run unaffiliated with a political party, each had to collect 208 petition signatures to enter the November race.

Growth, taxes and jobs were among the most-discussed issues at the debate. Harp pointed to the 4.4-percent decline in New Haven’s unemployment rate since 2013 as evidence of her strong mayoral record. She also cited her support for economic development programs like New Haven Works, which connects city residents with jobs, and the Small Business Academy, which graduated its inaugural class last month.

The candidates took divergent stances on taxation, an issue that has vexed city homeowners in recent years.

Harp said her experience in state politics — including over two decades serving as a state senator — makes her uniquely suited to deal with the budgetary difficulties New Haven faces.

She said the city will have to rely on assistance from Hartford in the coming years.

“We can’t tax our way out of any

problems that we have, we have got to rely on the state,” she said. “I think one of the things that I bring to the table is that I know how the state works.”

Smith said tax rates have risen to intolerable levels, forcing some families to relocate and leaving others in financial dire straits.

Keitazulu, meanwhile, explicitly stated that he would raise taxes as mayor.

“Without raising taxes, the job’s not going to get done,” he said. “Everyone in this building right now knows it costs money to get the job done.”

Keitazulu centered most of his responses on job creation. A lack of jobs, he said, is at the root of many of the problems the city faces.

He called for job training programs in schools and prisons in addition to instituting Spanish lessons in public schools from kindergarten to eighth grade.

“The only way we’re going to address these issues, honestly and truly, is by funding effective education programs — job training programs in our schools,” he said in a response to a question about economic growth and gentrification.

Harp’s role on the Board of Education provided the night’s starkest fault line.

Harp was recently elected president of the Board of Education, a body whose members are mostly appointed by the mayor. Critics have maligned her election as a conflict of interest.

Smith and Keitazulu echoed those critics. Keitazulu said Harp’s role as president is an issue, encouraging her to step down from the position — a sentiment Smith supported. But Harp said she decided to serve as president in order to take a leading role in the effort to improve education in the city.

Test scores have been stagnant for over a generation, she said, and the knowledge-based economy means that education is more important than ever before.

Audience reaction to the debate was largely positive. Omari Caldwell, a New Haven high school student, said he thought Harp shone, but that Smith appeared the most “charismatic” of the trio.

George Mention, a Harp supporter, said that while Smith stood out, all candidates performed well.

“It was like a heavyweight boxing match,” he said. “They came out swinging — they talked about the key issues that matter in the city.”

Contact NOAH DAPONTE-SMITH at noah.daponte-smith@yale.edu .

tutorial videos for each problem set.

Still, students with little to no prior programming experience often struggle to find the necessary time and energy to dedicate to the class.

“They said that the course was completely suitable for people with no previous experience in programming, which is true,” Nathalya Nascimento ’19 said. “But many of those people were not expecting to spend so much time studying, looking for external resources, trying to learn the language or going to office hours every week.”

Tara Venkatesan ’18, a student double majoring in cognitive science and music, said she decided to take the class because computer science seemed a practical subject to learn, even though it is outside her major. However, like many others, she found the class much harder than expected, especially because of the discrepancy between the content taught in lectures and what was asked of students in the problem sets.

She dropped CS50 four weeks into the semester.

Nascimento, who had a similar experience, dropped the course after five weeks. She said she did not expect to have to dedicate such a large number of hours to an elective course.

“Since computer science is not my major, I could be investing that same

amount of time in another activity that would be more useful for me in the future,” Nascimento said.

CS50 Head Jason Hirschhorn, a recent Harvard graduate who worked as a student teaching assistant during his time there, said he has heard from students that the course has a higher workload than they expected. Both he and Malan recommended that students work to balance their course loads with extracurricular activities in order to do well in CS50, and they both emphasized that any student can succeed in the course if they dedicate enough time to it.

Brian Scassellati, lead instructor of CS50 at Yale, said he is not concerned by the number of students who have dropped the class. All Yale courses, especially larger ones, see a steady drop over the first month, he said. He added that the number of students will continue to fluctuate until the deadline to drop a class has passed.

Indeed, several other students interviewed say they have already decided to drop the class but have not yet taken the time to do so officially. As a result, the drop rate may still increase.

Students have until Oct. 30 to drop a full-term class without it appearing on their transcripts.

Contact DANIELA BRIGHENTI at daniela.brighenti@yale.edu .

KEN YANAGISAWA/SENIOR PHOTOGRAPHER

Enrollment in CS50, the most popular class at Yale, has fallen by 10 percent.

DIVERSE

VOICES ENVIRONMENTAL LEADERS ON CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE ENVIRONMENT

OPEN TO THE PUBLIC environment.yale.edu/calendar/listing/20155

TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13 5:30pm BURKE AUDITORIUM KROON HALL

195 Prospect Street recycleyourydndaily

recycleyourydndaily

Margie Alt

‘82 B.A. Environment America, Executive Director Margie Alt is Executive Director of Environment America, a federation of state-based, citizen-funded environmental advocacy organizations. and the Environment America Research & Policy Center. Under her leadership, Environment America has grown to include 29 state-based groups and more than 1 million members, donors, activists and allies in every U.S. state. Alt has led the federation’s push to get U.S. commitments to cut carbon emissions from power plants; pushed the U.S. EPA to protect drinking water for 117 million Americans; and helped win designation of protected national monuments in Washington, Colorado, and New Mexico. She recently chaired the Green Group, an alliance of the nation’s largest environmental organizations, including Environment America, the Natural Resources Defense Council, Sierra Club, League of Conservation Voters, and others. She spent 25 years helping build U.S. PIRG and the state PIRGs (Public Interest Research Groups).

recycleyourydndaily

recycleyourydndaily

yale institute of sacred music presents

j.s.bach

lutheran masses Yale Schola Cantorum · Juilliard415 Masaaki Suzuki, conductor Saturday, October 17 · 7:30 pm St. Mary’s Church 5 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven Free; no tickets required. ism.yale.edu

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 9

BULLETIN BOARD

TODAY’S FORECAST A chance of showers, mainly after 1pm.

Otherwise, mostly cloudy, with a high near 73.

TOMORROW High of 71, low of 45.

DOONESBURY BY GARRY TRUDEAU

ON CAMPUS TUESDAY, OCTOBER 12 8:00 PM YEI Study Break: Starting a Venture as an Undergrad. Wondering how to be an undergrad entrepreneur?

This Study Break will feature Tess Maggio ’16, cofounder of Mud Snacks, a venture offering a vegan, gluten-free, low-sugar—and super delicious!—snack made from beans. Mud Snacks was developed during a 2015 YEI Fellowship. Yale Entrepreneurial Institute (254 Elm St.).

8:00 PM Zombies, Maniacs and Monsters: VHS Horror Movie Night. Take a break from studying and enjoy a screening of Toxic Zombies (1980),the second installment of the Zombies, Maniacs and Monsters VHS movie series. Toxic Zombies a good, old-fashioned walking dead movie, but like many horror movies, it contains critiques of society, in this case the American treatment of the environment and the abuse of government power. Bass Library (110 Wall St.), Rm. L01.

THINK ABOUT IT... BY FRANCIS RINALDI

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 13 4:00 PM Women Addressing Food in Healthcare. Marydale Debor founded FreshAdvantage after recognizing the urgent need to revolutionize traditional institutional food service. Her most recent project has reformed food service in New Haven’s Connecticut Mental Health Center, to great acclaim. Anne Gallagher is a chef and culinary instructor instrumental in creating youth cooking programs in Connecticut. Francine Blinten is a nutritionist with experience addressing a wide range of health conditions through food. Hear Debor, Gallagher and Blinten explain their operations at the nexus between food and health care. Pierson College (231 Park St.), Pierson House.

8:00 PM Things I Learned from William Zinsser. Invited speakers are Christopher Buckley, Jane Mayer, Mark Singer, and John Tierney. Writers will talk about how they applied Zinsser’s lessons in both writing and life. Branford College (74 High St.), Common Room.

To reach us: E-mail editor@yaledailynews.com Advertisements 2-2424 (before 5 p.m.)

2-2400 (after 5 p.m.)

Mailing address Yale Daily News P.O. Box 209007 New Haven, CT 06520

Questions or comments about the fairness or accuracy of stories should be directed to Editor in Chief Stephanie Addenbrooke at (203) 432-2418.

Bulletin Board is a free service provided to groups of the Yale community for events. Listings should be submitted online at yaledailynews.com/events/ submit. The Yale Daily News reserves the right to edit listings.

To visit us in person 202 York St. New Haven, Conn. (Opposite JE) FOR RELEASE OCTOBER 13, 2015

Los Angeles Times Daily Crossword Puzzle

CLASSIFIEDS

CROSSWORD Edited by Rich Norris and Joyce Lewis ACROSS 1 Attorneys’ degs.

4 Clipper or Laker, briefly 9 Up to now 14 Sup 15 Get up 16 Jigsaw puzzle unit 17 Norse war god 18 Ruthless adversary 20 Planting ground 22 Have debts 23 Joints often sprained 24 Words before card or lock 26 Precious 27 Serious software problem 30 “Rats!”

34 Hyundai luxury model 35 Victor’s cry 37 Besides 38 Actress Hagen 39 ’60s-’70s “Hollywood Squares” semiregular 42 __ bind: stuck 43 Video game letters 44 Circular imperfection in wood 45 Slip-on shoes 47 One with a killer serve 49 Wisenheimer 52 Obsessed whaler captain 54 Boating stopover 55 Half of the hiphop duo Black Star 58 Certain NCO 59 Billions of years 62 Truth known only to a few ... and a hint to a word hidden in 18-, 27-, 39- and 49Across 65 Agcy. with narcs 66 Mark with a sale price, say 67 Greek goddesses of the seasons 68 Vex 69 Airline seat choice 70 Hinged fasteners 71 McMahon and Sullivan

10/13/15

By Mike Peluso

DOWN 1 One of two MetLife Stadium NFL teams 2 Belafonte hit 3 Erotic dance 4 “Platoon” war zone 5 WWI era English poet Rupert 6 High-flying battles 7 East, in Mexico 8 “Michael Collins” actor Stephen 9 Exhausted 10 Made a pig of oneself?

11 Have a hunch 12 Summit 13 Husband-andwife creators of Curious George 19 Doctor House portrayer Hugh 21 Prevaricator 25 Lewis’ partner 26 Monastic hood 27 Flora’s partner 28 Ancient Mexican 29 Rodeo rope 31 Life-ending season in Ecclesiastes 32 Socially insensitive, in a way

Monday’s Puzzle Solved

SUDOKU L3 INDONESIAN

2 4 5

©2015 Tri une Con en Agen y, LLC

33 “__ your mother” 36 Tibet neighbor 40 More than a little risky 41 Mausoleum 46 1997 movie beekeeper 48 Tire type 50 Hardships 51 Letter-shaped shoe fastener 53 Line of shrubbery

10/13/15

55 Juan’s “Look!”

56 “Dedicated to the __ Love” 57 Grounded fast planes, briefly 58 Spartan promenade 60 Techie, stereotypically 61 Fifth Avenue retailer 63 Librarian’s rebuke 64 “Amen!”

8 2 5 6

1 6 5 7 4 8 2 1 7 4 6 4

1

3

6 7 8 3 9 8 3 1 3 2 4 8 5 9

THURSDAY High of 64, low of 46.

PAGE 10

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

SPORTS

“If one does not know to which port one is sailing, no wind is favorable.”

SENECA THE YOUNGER ROMAN PHILOSOPHER

Elis strike out

XC preps for Pre-Nationals XC FROM PAGE 14

BRACKET 2015 CITY SERIES Southern Connecticut

Quinnipiac Southern Connecticut

3–2

7–1

4–1 Quinnipiac

Yale

New Haven

New Haven

7–5 Yale

New Haven 3rd place game

LISA QIAN/PRODUCTION & DESIGN ASSISTANT

BASEBALL FROM PAGE 14 costly in the one-run affair. Designated hitter Alec Hoeschel ’17 drove in first baseman Griffin Dey ’19 in the bottom of the second to score Yale’s first run, and left fielder Nate Adams ’16 provided the only Bulldog home run of the City Series, a solo shot in the bottom of the third that cut the deficit to 3–2.

In the consolation game the next day, Yale showed promise for the Ivy season this spring despite the loss. Feeding those hopes is a batch of new talent. Sunday’s game marked the first start for the right-handed pitcher Scott Politz ’19 as a college ballplayer. Politz was effective on the bump early on, sailing through the first three innings. Although he hit a rough patch with two outs in the fourth, allowing five runs in the inning, the freshman was content with his performance.

After making his collegiate debut out of the bullpen, Politz credited the appearance with helping him adjust on the mound.

“I felt great,” Politz said of his first career start. “I got the nervousness out in the last few games.”

Politz lasted 3.2 innings, giving up the five runs on seven hits while punching out four Chargers, before handing the ball over to the right-handed Chasen Ford ’17.

Ford was the hard-luck loser, picking up the loss even though he allowed zero earned runs on just two hits in his 3.1 innings of relief. Ford, who ranked second on the Bulldogs a year ago in innings

pitched and strikeouts, remained positive despite the negative outcome.

“Getting the loss, [I] can’t be too happy, but it was a good game,” Ford said. “We played well.

It was a dogfight … My job was to stop the bleeding and give our offense a chance.”

Despite some struggles late in the game, Yale’s lineup did string together a few runs throughout the day. Second baseman Simon Whiteman ’19 was responsible for three hits and the first run of the game with some crafty base running. In a display of hitting and speed, Whiteman singled, stole second, advanced to third on an error and then made it home on a wild pitch. Fellow Bulldogs Tom O’Neill ’16, Nate Adams ’16 and Richard Slenker ’17 also delivered multihit games, combining for a total of nine hits produced by the four players.

While the Elis did produce five runs, they ultimately failed to deliver in a few opportune moments that could have shifted the momentum of the ballgame.

The Bulldogs’ main issue was that they failed to capitalize on situations with runners in scoring position. They left a total of 12 men on base including the bases loaded in the bottom of the fifth. Later, in the eighth inning, right fielder Harrison White ’17 grounded into a double play, ending the Bulldog threat.

With the exception of the fourth inning — when New Haven posted five runs on five hits in the frame — Yale’s pitching was strong. The Bulldogs’

Success on Housatonic CREW FROM PAGE 14

LIGHTWEIGHTS EARN TOP-3 FINISH

The lightweight crew team, which usually competes in its own separate races, stroked against several heavyweight teams on Saturday.

Despite racing teams without a weight restriction in the varsity eights, the lightweight Elis placed their A boat third in the 16-boat field, ahead of every Yale heavyweight boat except one.

According to team captain Austin Velte ’16, the lightweights were less focused on the results of the competition and instead approached the event with one goal in mind: improvement.

“This was the first race of the year, so our goal was to set a good foundation to build on,” Velte

said. “We want all of our boats to find more speed throughout the coming weeks and be able to compete at a high level. We are excited that our freshman had their first race for the Y150, and we look for them to continue to contribute to the team.”

The G and F boats, which served as the second and third lightweight boats, finished within two seconds of each other, placing ninth and 10th with times of 14:05.3 and 14:06.9, respectively.

In a short fall season that finishes up on Nov. 1 at the Princeton Chase, the lightweights, as well as the other two teams, will next compete Saturday, Oct. 18, at the Head of Charles race in Boston.

Contact KEVIN BENDESKY at kevin.bendesky@yale.edu .

JEN LU/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

Penn, Columbia and Brown all competed at the Head of the Housatonic.

staff allowed only five Charger hits in the other eight innings of play.

Tyler Duncan ’18 took over for Ford and allowed one run on one hit in the eighth inning. Kumar Nambiar ’19 and Mason Kukowski ’18 finished out the game strong, combining for a hitless ninth. On the flip side, New Haven pitching gave up five runs, 13 hits and five walks, including two Eli runs in the sixth that tied the game at five apiece.

Ultimately, an unearned run in the seventh and a manufactured run in the eighth put the Chargers ahead for good, bringing Yale’s winless weekend to a close.

After the pair of tight losses, Ford noted that Sunday’s contest was a significant step forward for the coming season.

“We wanted to end the fall with a win, but other than that one inning, it was probably our best game of the fall,” Ford said.

The fall exhibitions are only a sneak peek at the real action coming in the spring. As the Bulldogs look to improve on their sixthplace mark in the Ivy League a season ago, the fall provides an opportunity for the team to begin figuring out possible lineup options and defensive positions.

“We have a lot of guys trying out new positions,” Ford said.

“We have a lot of depth in pitching, but we still have to find everyone’s role.”

In Sunday’s City Series championship finale, SCSU topped Quinnipiac in a 4–1 final.

Contact FLORA LIPSKY at flora.lipsky@yale.edu .

even without our top seven girls. It shows that our team has a lot of depth right now and we are in a good position going into championship season.”

Hometown team Boston College took three of the top five places of the women’s varsity 5,000-meter run, but Bulldog Meredith Rizzo ’17 crossed the line at 19th in 18:12.3, the most impressive Eli time of the day. Her teammates were not far behind in the field of 265 runners, with captain Shannon McDonnell ’16 following less than eight seconds later.

The Yale women’s team continued its strategy of running as a pack, a plan that proved vital to the third place team finish. A trio of Eli runners — Emily Barnes ’17, Sami Glass ’18 and Brittan — all finished within 20 seconds of Rizzo’s time, taking 37th, 40th and 42nd place, respectively. Melissa Fairchild ’18 and Kate Raphael ’18 rounded out the varsity squad with finishing times of 18:45.7 and 19:05.1, respectively.

Just behind BC but ahead of Yale was Quinnipiac, which finished in second place with three finishers ahead of Rizzo.

The men’s team did not have the same success as

the women, completing the race with a performance that placed the Bulldogs safely in the middle of the pack.

Spike Sievert ’17 led the Bulldogs, crossing the line in 25th place with a time of 25:18.8 in the 8,000-meter race. Sievert and teammate Alex Conner ’16, who finished nearly 11 seconds and 12 places behind Sievert, were the only two Elis to finish within the top 50.

“We had some very good performances,” Matt Chisholm ’18 said. “Our top two runners, Spike Sievert and Alex Conner, ran particularly well. Going forward, we’re really looking to use this meet to build towards the Ivy League Championships.”

Although Yale finished in the middle of the pack, the squad saw several individual personal records as Zach Capello ’19, Max Payson ’16, and Sievert all shaved at least 25 seconds off their previous bests.

While the men’s team did not field a full team for the junior varsity race, Ryan Douglas ’17 and Michael Yuan ’18 ran in the junior varsity meet. Yuan — a track athlete — along with teammate Tim Cox ’17, who ran in the varsity race, joined the cross country lineup for the weekend in order to work on their long-

distance skills.

“My first race went well,” Yuan said. “I don’t usually race cross country because I’m more of a middle distance runner, but our coach had a few of us run [Saturday] to test our fitness. 8k was a tough adjustment, but I think it went well, and the gorgeous weather helped.”

The women also saw impressive times in the junior varsity race. Sarah Healy ’18 finished second out of the field of 318 finishers, just 4.8 seconds behind the leader.

Her time of 18:38.0 was faster than those of several runners on the varsity squad.

Although the New England Championships do not count toward the postseason for the Bulldogs, they provide an opportunity to develop younger runners, especially at Franklin Park, a common course for important meets throughout the season such as the Harvard-Yale-Princeton meet and the NCAA Northeast Regional Championships.

The NCAA Pre-Nationals will take place in Tom Sawyer Park in Louisville, Kentucky, the same location as the NCAA Championships that will occur in November.

Contact HOPE ALLCHIN at hope.allchin@yale.edu .

ANNA SOPHIA HARLING/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

Both Yale teams were resting top runners for NCAA Pre-Nationals, which is to be held this Saturday.

Sixth for Sailing at Moody SAILING FROM PAGE 14 its seven races but still managed to finish third overall in the 18-school race.

Yale kept overlapping with a boat that it was side-by-side with, and the Elis were eventually disqualified for not giving the other boat enough room.

Baird said the disqualification was unfortunate because it could have been avoided.

“I was already taking a risk by being overlapped with the other boat approaching the windward mark where there are lots of starboard boats that we both must avoid,” Baird said. “I could have approached the mark in a different way that would have been less risky, but would have put me a few places behind where I was.

I also could have taken a penalty while on the water that would have exonerated the foul.”

In the end, Baird decided against taking the penalty because he did not believe he was at fault.

The disqualification proved to be especially costly; if the Elis had not been disqualified in that race, Baird and his crew would have finished second in their division, and the team overall would have finished higher as well.

In the end, Baird said, he learned a valuable lesson and left the competition with a positive takeaway.

“Whether I was right or wrong doesn’t really matter,” Baird said. “What matters is I learned what risks to take and not to take and how they could affect the regatta significantly not only for me but for my whole team.”

Over at the Southern Series, the other coed squad competing earned an eighth-place result. Skipper KB Knapp ’18 and crew Kira Woods ’19 claimed second in the A division. Skipper Charles Skoda ’17, joined by the young and relatively inexperienced crew of Ayla Besemer ’19 and Claire Rossi de Leon ’19, sailed to a 12th-place finish.

Following only Besemer’s third collegiate regatta, she said that getting up to the speed of her older teammates has been intense, but she has learned immense amounts as a result of the process.

“My skipper and I are both fairly new to this level of competition, and the learning curve is intense, but every race gives us more to build on,” Besemer said. “I certainly felt stronger and more comfortable than I did even one regatta ago, and I learned a lot from the experience … it was a successful weekend of sailing, and I look forward to continuing improvement.”

Meanwhile, the women’s team found itself in Maryland competing at the Navy Women’s Intersectional Regatta,

claiming a fourth-place result.

Skipper Casey Klingler ’18 sailed with crew Isabelle Rossi de Leon ’17 and placed third in the A division to lead the Elis.

“We were a little bummed about dropping from second to fourth on day two, but we sailed well in the challenging conditions and felt good about how we finished,” Rossi de Leon said. “I’m so proud of the team and [I’m] thrilled to compete at home this weekend.”

Klingler and Rossi de Leon emerged victorious in two of the event’s 10 races and demonstrated consistency all weekend long. At the 15-school regatta, the duo earned eight top-six finishes, tied with regatta-winner Georgetown for the most.

Skipper Mary Isler ’16 and

Natalya Doris ’17 sailed in the B division, battling Stanford all weekend for the top seed.

At the end of the weekend, the duo ended up in a tie for the top spot and landed in second on the wrong side of the tiebreaker.

Rounding out the women’s performance was Claire Huebner ’18, who sailed in the laser, or singlehanded boat, and claimed the ninth-place finish in the solo division.

The coed team competes next at the New England Sloop Championship — the qualifier for the 2015 Match Race Nationals. The women compete next at home in the Yale Women’s Intersectional Regatta.

Contact KEVIN BENDESKY at kevin.bendesky@yale.edu .

KAMARIA GREENFIELD/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

The sailing teams will be split up across four regattas next weekend.

YALE DAILY NEWS 路 TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2015 路 yaledailynews.com

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YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Gaps in bird family tree filled

BY MAYA CHANDRA CONTRIBUTING REPORTER Researchers from Yale, Cornell and Florida State University released an updated and highly comprehensive evolutionary tree of birds last Wednesday in the journal Nature.

The focus of the research was on the evolutionary branch, or “clade,” called “Neoaves,” which includes more than 90 percent of all birds. The new phylogenetic tree of birds depicts both interrelationships between different species of birds and the general timeline of important evolutionary events for each species. Until now, the phylogenetic tree of the clade Neoaves suffered from various gaps in information, according to Richard Prum, professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at Yale and co-author of the study.

“The relationships among [the clade Neoaves] group have been very poorly resolved,” Prum said.

“We have come up with the first well supported phylogenetic resolution of that group.”

In the tree, many of the evolutionary divergences — a process in which one species becomes multiple separate species over time — took place in short spans of time, which proved a challenge to the researchers. Daniel Field, co-author of the study and a graduate student at Yale, said the problem with these short branches on the tree is that there is not much time for species to develop traits that would tell scientists more about their evolutionary history. If the time span between new species were larger, Field added, then more genetic and anatomical similarities would form that could then elucidate the relationships between different groups of birds.

The researchers’ success in compiling an accurate phylogenetic tree depended on a few key factors. First, the study required a very large sample size, with researchers analyzing 198 species of birds and two crocodilians. Most of the specimens were from the Yale Peabody Museum

CATHERINE YANG/CONTRIBUTING ILLUSTRATOR

of Natural History, with additional contributions from collaborating institutions, Jacob Berv, co-author of the study, said.

To analyze the data effectively, researchers used a relatively new method of genome sequencing called anchored phylogenomics, a means of analyzing selective data pioneered by Alan and Emily Lemmon, professors at Florida State University and co-authors of the paper. The

researchers only sequenced DNA from around certain “conserved” sequences. The researchers considered the DNA conserved because it is common to all birds within the ancestral tree. However, the regions around those conserved sequences had much more genetic variation. That variation conveys a lot about the divergence of different species, Prum said.

After the data was collected, the researchers used Yale’s com-

putational resources to analyze the data and create the phylogenetic tree, using heuristic optimization techniques, Berv said.

“It was a computationally difficult problem,” Berv said, “because the number of possible relationships that can relate a group of organisms is enormous.”

According to Kristof Zyskowski, collections manager at the Peabody Museum, the study’s end result is the new phylogenetic tree of birds, which

researchers can use to map various evolutionary characteristics. Zyskowski said he uses the bird phylogenetic tree in his own research on the evolutionary history of bird nest structure.

“Every improvement on a tree brings you closer to the truth of what the actual pathway of evolution of a given nest structure was,” Zyskowski said.

While Prum said the response to the paper has been positive thus far, he added that research-

ers who disagree with the methods of analysis used can access all of the data collected in this project online and put it through their own methods of analysis.

Prum said he is confident, however, in the validity of the new phylogenetic tree.

Birds evolved from small carnivorous dinosaurs called theropods.

Contact MAYA CHANDRA at maya.chandra@yale.edu .

Titi monkey infants are mothered by their fathers

BY CLAIRE VICTORIA ONG CONTRIBUTING REPORTER

CAROLINE TISDALE/STAFF ILLUSTRATOR

In many human households, the mother is the primary caretaker of the home and the children. But for a particular South American species of monkey, the Titi monkey, it is the father who plays the dominant role in child care, according to a recent Yale study.

Researchers conducted an observational study analyzing the behavioral patterns of the Titi monkey, also known as Callicebus discolor, during and after infant care.

The study, published in September in the international journal Primates, is part of a 12-year project that focuses on multiple social groups of wild Titi monkeys that inhabit the Tiputini Biodiversity Station in the Ecuadorian Amazon. The study found that Titi monkey partners spend less time with one another after the birth of their offspring and that male Titi monkeys are more likely than females to take care of the infants.

According to Karen Bales, a psychology professor at the University of California, Davis, and associate editor of the American Journal of Primatology, this work is crucial for scientists who work with captive monkeys as it teaches them not only how the wild monkeys act, but also how to promote the welfare of captive monkeys. The findings provide information on the Titi monkey’s natural habitat and enable scientists to better interpret their behavior, Bales said.

“The thing that is extra special about [fellow researcher Eduardo Fernandez-Duque’s] field study is that he’s been there for a really long time,” Bales said.

“If you go there for a summer you have a really tiny peek into the animal’s lives.

Whereas being there for 12

years, he gets to follow the animals from birth to becoming an adult.”

The researchers had two goals in mind when they conducted the study. The first was to describe infant-care behavior and the differences in male and female interaction during and after the birth of infants, and the second was to evaluate the possible repercussions infant care had on social interactions of parent couples, as well as parents’ activity level.

What made this research significant in the fields of anthropology and primatology was the fact that it was the first study of its kind to work with male and female Titi monkeys “unequivocally identified” by gender, researcher Andrea SpenceAizenberg, a graduate student in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Pennsylvania, said.

Spence-Aizenberg added that the males and females were collared throughout the study so their genders could always be identified, even when they were observed at faraway distances through binoculars.

The research also showed a clear decrease in the amount of time each pair of primate parents spent in contact after an infant was born, also suggesting that this may occur because females actively avoid the infants after their birth. Research indicated that males were primarily responsible for keeping close proximity to females, but with an infant present, female Titis tended to keep their distance as males became the main caretakers.

Researchers were surprised to find that not only was the male the main caretaker, but that the male monkeys did not expend as much energy as expected when performing infant care.

Bales said the study’s findings are particularly diver-

gent from her own results, which suggest that other animal species, including prairie wolves, have a high energy cost for infant care.

But according to Fernandez-Duque, a male parent taking the lead in infant care is not at all surprising.

A study Fernandez-Duque performed on owl monkeys found that owl monkeys are not just socially monogamous, but also practice “genetic monogamy,” a behavior in which a species only mates with one partner.

“Evolutionarily speaking, now [paternal care] makes sense because now we understand why the male is putting so much time into the infant.

It is his baby. It is his infant,” he said.

Titi monkeys are one of a small number of mammals that are socially monogamous — “a paradox in evolution and biology,” FernandezDuque said.

According to Fernandez-Duque, this research has implications beyond just shedding light on the social behavior of a specific species of monkey — these findings are a gateway to understanding the influence of biology in love, social monogamy and human relationships.

“It is impossible, when trying to understand the role of biology in human love, to disentangle biological influences from the influences of culture, religion, social norms, government,” he said.

“These [Titi monkeys] open a window into the past to try to understand the biological baseline over which humans developed their social relationships in a cultural and social context.”

There are more than 30 species of Titi monkey across South America, according to National Geographic.

Contact CLAIRE VICTORIA ONG at clairevictoria.ong@yale.edu .

YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

PAGE 13

“No bird soars too high if he soars with his own wings.”

WILLIAM BLAKE 19TH CENTURY ENGLISH POET AND ARTIST

To treat HIV, curb drinking

BY LIONEL JIN STAFF REPORTER Treating alcohol use problems in HIVpositive patients may lead to better management of the virus and its treatment, according to a new study done by Yale researchers in collaboration with the University of Connecticut and Louisiana State University.

In a systematic review of published literature, the researchers found that alcohol use disorders correlate with negative outcomes at every stage of HIV treatment. The Human Immunodeficiency Virus is responsible for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. For instance, the study found that individuals with HIV who are also heavy alcohol users were less likely to be diagnosed, enrolled in care and prescribed antiviral drugs to treat their HIV. Additionally, fewer achieved viral suppression, a state where patients have low levels of the virus in their blood, stay healthy and are unlikely to transmit the virus to others.

“There is such a wide range of issues that affect the success of HIV treatment, from mental health to drug addiction to health care issues, and we need to draw more attention to these problems,” said Panagiotis Vagenas, first study author and research scientist involved in the AIDS program at the Yale School of Medicine.

Coauthor Marwan Azar, infectious disease specialist at Yale-New Haven Hospital, said that while previous studies have shown that alcohol leads to worse outcomes for HIV/AIDS patients, there was little understanding of how alcohol consumption affected each step along the HIV continuum of care. The continuum of care is a series of stages laid out by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention outlining the path from diagnosis to viral suppression, Azar explained.

Many studies have looked at how alcohol use affects patient compliance to antiviral therapy, with fewer focusing on the early stages, Vagenas said. Out of 53 papers the group examined, 33 investigated whether alcohol users were less likely to adhere to the prescribed treatment, but only two looked at whether patients diagnosed with HIV were less likely to be connected to the specialized care they needed if they had alcohol use problems.

This disparity in research is striking, especially given CDC data that reveals a chasm between HIV diagnosis and linkage to care, Vagenas said. According to the CDC, fewer than half of patients diagnosed with HIV get linked to HIV medical care. In contrast, four-fifths of patients prescribed

antiviral therapies achieve viral suppression.

The researchers found that alcohol abuse negatively impacts outcomes at every stage of the continuum of care, with the adherence stage — the stage in which patients adhere to prescribed medication — appearing to be the one that is most affected, Azar said.

The team is still working to establish a causal link between alcohol use and adverse HIV outcomes, Vagenas said. But because the findings are consistent across a diverse range of countries and regions, alcohol use is likely responsible for the observed effect, he added.

“This paper should raise awareness amongst treating physicians of the role of alcohol on disease management,” said co-author Patricia Molina, professor of physiology at the Louisiana State University School of Medicine and director of the Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of Excellence. “Less than half of treating physicians address alcohol use with their patients,” she said, adding that primary care physicians need more systems of support put in place to effectively address this issue.

One new approach that is gathering momentum is the use of drugs to treat alcohol and drug abuse, Vagenas said. Naltrexone, in particular, has shown promise in treating alcohol addiction, and the team is running clinical trials in Connecticut and Peru to determine whether the drug can improve HIV health outcomes in patients with alcohol use disorders, Vagenas added.

Frederick Altice, the paper’s senior author and professor at the Yale School of Medicine, said behavioral interventions like Alcoholics Anonymous and cognitive behavioral therapy, while often recommended, actually have very minimal benefit.

“In randomized controlled trials comparing pharmacological with behavioral interventions, the pharmacological ones have proven markedly superior in achieving improved alcohol treatment outcomes,” said Altice, who also directs clinical and community research at the Yale University AIDS program.

Should clinical trials with Naltrexone show superior outcomes, the team hopes for a greater acceptance of pharmacological treatment of alcohol dependence, Azar said.

Over 1 million Americans are HIV-positive and an estimated 5 percent of all Americans meet the criteria for alcohol use disorder.

Contact LIONEL JIN at chentian.jin@yale.edu .

CATHERINE YANG/CONTRIBUTING ILLUSTRATOR

Study finds children understand game theory

BY SARAH STEIN CONTRIBUTING REPORTER According to a recent coauthored Yale study, children may think just as much about the future as adults do.

A study designed by experts in cognitive psychology, economics and statistical methodology at Boston University, Harvard and Yale found that elementary school children, like adults, are more likely to cooperate with people they know they will have to interact with again.

The researchers created a virtual “Prisoner’s Dilemma” game in which children played against an anonymous opponent and tried to maximize their own winnings. The children played either one round or several rounds, known as “one-shot” or “repeated” games, respectively.

Data revealed that schoolchildren are able to strategize the way that adults do when working with other people.

“Adults cooperate more when they know that they will interact again with the same partner — ‘I have to cooperate with you today, so that you will cooperate with me tomorrow,’” said David Rand, coauthor of the study and professor of psychology, economics, cognitive science and management at Yale. “The idea of the present study was to see if younger children also engaged in the same kind of strategic reasoning.”

Past studies about the prisoner’s dilemma rarely involved children, but researchers were able to design a situation that 11-yearolds could understand, co-author and Boston University psychology professor Peter Blake said.

In the study, students from five fifth- and sixth-grade classrooms used a computer interface to play out the prisoner’s dilemma. Players, who remained anonymous to their opponents, could either push or pull a virtual tray of coins.

Players could deliver one coin to themselves by pulling the tray, or three to their partners by pushing it. Players who pulled the tray

were classified as “defectors” while those who pushed the tray were called “cooperators.”

Blake said that designing an experiment that children would understand was difficult.

“The main challenge we faced was how to design an interface that was intuitive for children and still retained the logical structure of the game,” Blake said. “We put our heads together to try to link a game theoretic approach with development … The resulting interface was very much a creative collaboration among the coauthors.”

According to the results, children understood that if they cooperated with the same partner over several rounds of the game, their own payoffs would be greater. Researchers found that children even used conditional strategies, such as the “WinStay-Lose-Shift,” a strategy in which one player’s defection immediately led the other player to stop cooperating.

The study found that girls were generally more cooperative than boys, even when girls had successfully defected in a prior round. But this was not the only striking result, researchers said. Before the simulation, parents filled out a survey about their child’s behavior, and results showed that children whose parents reported worse behavior used different strategies than children who reportedly behaved better.

“When we looked at children whose parents rated them as having more conduct problems, they used different strategies in the repeated game,” Blake said. “They were more likely to defect on the partner and less likely to forgive.”

Children with behavioral issues appeared to employ strategies such as “Grim,” in which after one defection by their partner, children defected until the end of the game. According to the paper, this result showed how conduct problems in childhood can manifest in more complex social situations involving trust and awareness of future social interactions.

LAURIE WANG/STAFF ILLUSTRATOR

However, the researchers indicated several times that the small sample size, among other factors, may have led to a skewed data set.

For example, the research was conducted mostly within isolated genders; girls played against girls and boys played against boys, and the children were aware of this gender separation.

“There’s something that I find a little unfortunate in his study,” economics professor Johannes Hörner said. “Namely, girls were matched with girls. The fact that girls cooperate—that’s great …

but I would have loved to know whether they cooperate because they are against girls or whether they cooperate because they are girls.”

Making inferences about psychological approaches to games based on behavior can be tricky, Hörner said, as a great deal hinges on children’s motives, which researchers are unable to observe.

Moreover, a certain event may not occur during the game, not because it is impossible for it to occur, but because the child’s strategies might be successful

in preventing the outcome from happening, Hörner said. In other words, one outcome could be the result of a strategy or complete chance.

Despite these challenges, Hörner said he has great hopes for the future study of game theory.

In particular, he said researchers would do well to conduct research in the field, especially in situations where subjects are unaware they are taking part in a study.

Still, researchers said they are interested in the psychological aspect of the study. In the future,

researchers will aim to learn more about development and how game strategies chosen change over a participant’s lifetime, Rand said.

“The most natural next step is [to] try the same setup with children of various ages and see how strategic reasoning changes over the course of development,” Rand said.

The study was published on Sept. 29, 2015, in Scientific Reports.

Contact SARAH STEIN at sarah.stein@yale.edu .

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SPORTS QUICK HITS

YALE WOMEN’S HOCKEY TEAM ELIS MAKE HISTORY IN NWHL Both past and current Bulldogs are performing in the first season of the four-team National Women’s Hockey League. Yale assistant coach Jessica Koizumi scored the first ever NWHL goal, and goaltender Jaimie Leonoff ’15 and forward Bray Ketchum ’11 have also gone pro.

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MLB Mets 13 Dodgers 7

NFL Steelers 24 Chargers 20

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KERI CAVALLO ’19 IVY WOMEN’S SOCCER ROOKIE OF THE WEEK After scoring the lone goal in Yale’s first conference win this past Saturday, Keri Cavallo was named Ivy League Rookie of the Week on Monday for her contribution to the Elis. Forward Michelle Alozie ’19 earned the same honor a month ago.

“Our team has a lot of depth right now, and we are in a good position going into championship season.”

GRACE BRITTAN ’16 WOMEN’S CROSS COUNTRY YALE DAILY NEWS · TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2015 · yaledailynews.com

Crew teams impress at home CREW

Yale falls at City Series

BY FLORA LIPSKY CONTRIBUTING REPORTER

DIONIS JAHJAGA/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Yale’s heavyweight and lightweight varsity eights both finished first among their weight classes, while the women placed second.

BY KEVIN BENDESKY CONTRIBUTING REPORTER In their first races of the fall season, all three of Yale’s crew teams dashed across their home water at the Head of the Housatonic with successful results on Saturday.

Each of the three squads came away from the weekend with multiple highlights and a number of reasons to look forward to the rest of their 2015–16 campaigns.

The heavyweight team, which topped Harvard at the 150th iteration of the Harvard-Yale regatta in June, took first place in the varsity eights at the Housatonic for the third consecutive year. The women’s squad earned second place in the varsity eights and claimed the top five spots in the open pair. The lightweight team, competing in the same event as the heavyweights, finished third in the varsity eights and beat several heavyweight teams, including the University of Pennsylvania’s A boat.

HEAVYWEIGHTS CLAIM VARSITY EIGHT

Fresh off its 2014 Ivy Championship title, the Yale heavyweight team started the fall off with a strong debut performance.

The Bulldogs finished first in the varsity eights, an eight-personper-boat race, at the Housatonic for the third year running. With a time of 13:00.3, the boat finished just under four seconds faster than last year’s winning performance and 24 seconds faster than the Bulldogs’ winning time in 2013.

Brown’s heavyweight team finished second this year, with Yale’s second heavyweight boat finishing in fourth.

A ways behind the top two Yale boats were the Bulldogs’ third and fourth boats, which placed a distant 11th and 12th, respectively.

Elsewhere during the Yalehosted regatta, the Bulldog heavyweight boats placed third and fourth in the event of fours, or four-person-per-boat races.

WOMEN TRIUMPH IN OPEN PAIR, FOURS

The women’s crew team began its season on a positive note as well, nearly sweeping the firstplace results in each event on Saturday.

In the open pair, or two-person event, the team claimed each of the top five finishes. In first place was the D boat, raced by Kate O’Brien ’17 and Olivia MacLean ’17. They crossed the finish line with a time of 18:05.2 — slightly more than four seconds faster than the time of 18:09.9 Yale’s A boat achieved to finish in second place. The varsity eight boat was split into pairs which, according to team captain Colleen Maher ’16, were entered at random. Thus, the lettered labels of each grouping did not represent the level of the boat.

In the fours, or four-person event, the Bulldogs took each of the top three finishes.

The Bulldogs’ B boat, raced

by Mieke Scherpbier ’16, Arwen Neski ’19, Emily Patton ’17 and

Women excel at New Englands

Victoire Lienau ’19, coxed by Jessica Michels ’18, finished in first place with a final time of 16:33.9.

In the eight-person boat event, Brown’s boat finished in first, precluding a Yale sweep of the varsity eights, with a time of 14:35.1, more than 12 seconds faster than it took Yale’s A boat to finish.

The Yale women’s team, which finished in ninth place at the NCAA Championships back in May, considered the weekend a positive way to open the season.

Still, Maher refused to rush to any conclusions for what might be in store for this year’s team.

“Saturday was a good start for our team, and it is always fun to open the fall season on our home course,” Maher said. “It’s our first result of the year, and there are many results still to come. We like to take them one at a time, not read too much into any single result and just train hard.”

The Yale baseball team hosted the annual City Series of New Haven this past weekend and ended up dropping a pair of contests to Southern Connecticut State University and the University of New Haven. Following a tight 3–2 loss to SCSU on Saturday, the Bulldogs came up short against New Haven, falling 7–5 in the consolation game despite outhitting the Chargers 13–10.

BASEBALL “Nobody came out of Sunday happy with the result from the weekend.

We are competitors and hate losing,” captain and pitcher Chris Moates ’16 said. “That being said, it is important to remember that the entire purpose of the fall is to prepare us for our spring season.

This weekend was a good

wake-up call that we are not where we need to be.”

The first of Yale’s two losses was a close one, and all the scoring took place in the game’s first three innings.

Both teams strapped down from that point forward and played scoreless ball for the final six innings of play.

Pitcher Eric Brodkowitz ’18, who tossed two complete games a season ago, started the game and went three innings, surrendering three earned runs on four hits and one walk.

After those three runs, SCSU was able to hold on to finish off the Bulldogs despite high-quality performances from the Yale bullpen. Right-hander Drew Scott ’17 threw 4.2 scoreless innings, giving up two hits while fanning seven.

The Bulldogs outhit the Owls 9–7 but they left eight men on base, which proved SEE BASEBALL PAGE 10

DENIZ SAIP/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

SEE CREW PAGE 10

Yale defeated Quinnipiac in the 2014 City Series championship.

Sailing settles over weekend

BY KEVIN BENDESKY CONTRIBUTING REPORTER The coed and women’s sailing teams, each ranked No. 2 in the country, competed in separate states this past weekend.

In Rhode Island, the coed team tracked the wind to a sixthplace finish at the Moody Trophy and an eighth-place finish at the Southern Series, while the women traveled to Maryland and finished fourth at the Navy Women’s Intersectional Regatta.

“That’s what’s important to us: having the fundamentals down to second nature.”

At the Moody Trophy, hosted by the University of Rhode Island, the Elis finished just one point behind the tiebreak-separated fourth- and fifth-place finishers Boston

University and URI, respectively. Harvard, Roger Williams and St. Mary’s earned the top three spots.

Skipper Malcolm Lamphere ’18 and partner Chandler Gregoire ’17 guided their boat in the A division at the Moody.

They sailed to a seventh-place

finish, including a win in the seventh and final race of the weekend.

In the B division, the trio of Baird and crew Emily Johnson ’16 and Amelia Dobronyi ’17 was disqualified from one of SEE SAILING PAGE 10

SAILING BRIANNE BOWEN/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER

The Eli women placed third in the New England Championships, while the men placed 18th.

BY HOPE ALLCHIN STAFF REPORTER Following a two-week break from races, the men’s and women’s cross country teams returned to competition this past weekend ready to run.

CROSS COUNTRY Both teams competed at the New England Championships in Boston on Saturday against a field

of 38 men’s and 39 women’s teams.

Resting many of their top runners in preparation for the NCAA PreNationals this upcoming Saturday, the Eli women notched a third place team finish, while the men remained in the middle of the pack with an 18th place mark.

“The team ran really well this weekend,” Grace Brittan ’16 said.

“It was exciting to place third in both varsity and [junior varsity] SEE XC PAGE 10

A year ago, the coed team finished in third at the Moody while earning an eighthplace result — identical to this year’s finish — at the Southern Series. Meanwhile, the women’s team improved significantly after competing in the same event a year ago, as the Bulldogs finished 12th at last year’s Navy-hosted regatta and fourth in this year’s.

Members across both teams expressed satisfaction with the results, noting that the fall has been a successful season thus far.

“The team is very pleased with the result as we have been with nearly all of our finishes so far this year,” coed skipper Nicholas Baird ’19 said.

STAT OF THE DAY 16.6

KAMARIA GREENFIELD/CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHER

Yale is the only school with its coed and women’s sailing teams each nationally ranked in the top three.

THE MARGIN, IN SECONDS, BY WHICH THE VARSITY EIGHT OF THE YALE HEAVYWEIGHT CREW TEAM WON AT THE HEAD OF THE HOUSATONIC ON SATURDAY. The Elis finished the course in 13:00.3, well ahead of Brown’s varsity eight, which finished in 13:16.9.