NUBIAN AGRICULTURAL & TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH CENTER YARA MOHAMED
Nubian Agriculture & Technological Research Center (NATRC) October University for Modern Sciences & Arts Faculty of Engineering Architecture Department Graduation project II Spring 2019 Designed by
Yara Mohamed Mamdoh Hamed ID# 155357
Gr# 7
Supervised By: Pr. Dr. Sameh El-Fekky Pr. Dr. Omar Fawzy Dr. Rasha Sayed Dr. Dalia
WELCOME
TO
N A T R C NUBIAN AGRICULTURAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH CENTER
THE MISSING PIECE OF
NUBIA LAND OF GOLD
“It takes three dimensions to create a building, but for me it takes four. X, Y, Z are important but the most important is the soul. Architecture used to be a signature of an era, but for me it is a statement of what was, what is going on and what will be�.
INDEX ACKNOWLEDGMENT ABSTRACT CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION ........................................... 10 I.1 Nubian History I.2 Nubian Historical Time line I.3 Impact on Agriculture I.4 Social Survey I.5 Project Selection I.6 Site Selection I.7 Further Analysis for the Proposed Site I.8 Project Components
CHAPTER II : INSPIRATIONS .............................................. 30 II.1 Louver Abu Dhabi Muesuem II.2 The Rotated Blocks II.3 Research Center UAB - Spain
CHAPTER III : CONCEPTS ................................................. 34 III.1 3 Concepts III.2 Combined Concept III.3 3 Forms Generation III.4 Form Developments III.5 Final Form
INDEX CHAPTER IV : PROJECT DEVELOPMENT ............................ 42 IV.1 Contextual Analysis IV.2 Zoning IV.3 Hierarchy IV.4 Circullation IV.5 Analysis IV.6 Final Plans & Sections
CHAPTER V: THE SHELL .................................................... 54 V.1 Shell Form Generation V.2 Shell Envelop V.3 Shell Structure V.4 Shell Environmental Approach
CHAPTER VI : STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS ................................ 58 VI.1 R.C Frames VI.2 Piped Flat Slab VI.3 Tree Column VI.4 Green house structure VI.5 Structural Plans
CHAPTER VI : CONSTRUCTION & TECHNOLOGY ............ 66 VII.1 Self Shaded Wall VII.2 Green Roof
INDEX VII.3 Water Recycle VII.4 Biogas system VII.5 Geo - Thermal Energy VII.6 Finned Pipes VII.7 Handicap and Fire escape Details VII.8 Wall Sections
CHAPTER VIII: AGRICULTURAL ANALYSIS .......................... 74 VIII.1 Agriculture layout study VIII.2 Proposed Plants VIII.3 Green House VIII.4 Irrigation systems VIII. 5 Irrigation in land scape
CHAPTER IX : SUSTAINABILITY .......................................... 80 IX.1 Environmental Sustainability IX.2 Economical Sustainability IX.3 social Sustainability
CHAPTER X : APPENDIX .................................................... 82 CHAPTER XI : REFERENCES .............................................. 90
LET’S START
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my project coordinators “Prof. Dr. Sameh El-Feki & Prof. Dr. Omar Fawzy” for their great support throughout the project. And a special thanks for my project supervisors “Dr. Rasha Sayed & Dr. Dalia” for the efforts they did to provide me with all useful information and making the path clear for me through the project analysis, concept and design.
It has been a great opportunity to gain many experiences from all of you.
THANK YOU
ABSTRACT NATRC, the Nubian agricultural and technological research center, it is a research center that solves the Nubian biggest immigration problem which is agriculture using both science and technology. NATRC provides all what a research need; labs, workshops, offices, green houses, open green areas; that will help him to develop and improve the agriculture in both plants genetics and botany and agricultural engineering. In addition, it provides green open spaces that provides relaxing, educating and communicating environment for the researchers. Being sustainable is a main goal for NATRC. From the outer shell, tell what NATRC provides for the community. As an architecture, the building itself is built using local vernacular materials and using passive techniques to reduce the carbon emissions and energy. As a project, its main purpose is to invent agricultural techniques that reduces the water usage and inventing techniques for making organic homemade compost instead of using chemicals. NATRC also raises the awareness of the local people both kids and adults through sessions and different kinds of activities that aware them with the new invented techniques and methods at the public zone that has lecture halls, MPU, kids labs and VR hall. Therefore, NATRC is not just a research center but actually, it is a revival for a missing part form the Nubian culture that is agriculture. As it’s the first step for Nubia to become a leader in agriculture and technology.
CHAPTER I :
INTRODUCTION THE BEGINING
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
Aswan
FIRST CATARACT
(Elephantine) Philae
LOWER NUBIA
WAWAT
el-Sebua Toshka
Abu Simbel
The Nubians are an ethnic group that has been living for centuries in old Nubia. Once a kingdom, Nubia is located in the south of Egypt, and the North of Sudan. Because of colonial settings and the division of Egypt and Sudan into two countries instead of one, Nubia had been divided into these two parts, despite the fact that social links had been mostly sustained between the two. The Nubians are among them divided into some three main tribes, the Kenouz, Freija and Arabs. Their main economic activities were based on agriculture largely and on fishing to a lesser extent in their original homeland.
Buhen
SECOND CATARACT Semna
Historically Nubia has been a nucleus of diverse cultures. It has been the only occupied strip of land connecting the Mediterranean world with “tropical” Africa. Nubia was an important trade route between sub-Saharan Africa and the rest of the world. Its rich material culture and tradition of languages are seen in archaeological records. Nubian traders supplied Egypt with animal skins, ivory, ostrich feathers, fur, gold, and beautiful woods from the African interior. This trade routes played a huge role in adding luxury to the ancient Egyptians.
Soleb
Kerma
I.1 Nubia History:
THIRD CATARACT KUSH
UPPER NUBIA Napata
FOURTH CATARACT FIFTH CATARACT
Figure I.1: Ancient Nubian territory, “Crystalinks, 2018”
Meroe SIXTH CATARACT
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
I.2 Nubia Historical Timeline: 1964
4th Resettelment
Nubian carving in caves in Neolithic era
1933
3rd Resettelment
1933 - Nubian Village after Flood
1912
2nd Resettelment
1912 - Migration of Nubians
1902
1st Resettelment
1902 - Resettlment
1000
Nubians introduced to Islam 1000 - Trade between Egypt and Nubia
AD
500
Nubian and Christianity era Painting From a Nubian church
BC
3000
Pharaonic era
Nubian carving in caves in Neolithic era
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
The Great Displacement 1964:
Figure I.2.1: Settlements Pattern in Old Nubia, with the villages being close to the Nile and bordered by agricultural lands (1962), “ Serag, Y, 2013”
• The high dam of Aswan was built and with came the “Great Displacement”. • 44 villages were evacuated or face being submerged behind the Nasr Lake. • 48,000 Egyptian Nubians had to resettle 3-10 km from the city Kom Ombo. • This time the government tried to compensate them well. • Promises were given that the newly placed location would be the exact similar to their old homes and that after finishing with the whole high dam construction Nubians would be able to return back to their homeland near the Nile. • After resettlement Nubians found out that most of their new homes was not finished. • The evacuation process was rushed and thus finishing the construction of new houses was not possible. • The new villages was far away from the Nile river and thus resulted in change in social characteristics. • Due to the major migration, first generation of Nubians faced several epidemics and newly introduced diseases that was never caught by them before. • There was a clear shift in jobs towards service sector and many of them migrated to Lower Egypt to find job opportunities. • Any Nubian family that has less than one feddan was not given any land but rather compensate with money.
Figure I.2.2: The original plan for new ressetlments in kom Ombo (1964), “Serag, Y, 2013”
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
Figure I.2.3: Nubian old villages that got submerged since Aswan dam till the rise of the High dam, “Project unsettled, 2018”
Figure I.2.10: Nubian old villages that got submerged when the High dam was built, “Salem, M., 2010”
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
I.3 The Impact on Agriculture: The positive impact: • The Aswan High Dam brought the Nile’s devastating floods to an end that caused several acres of lands to lose its crops. • Reclaimed more than 100,000 acres of desert land for cultivation. • Additional crops made possible on some 800,000 other acres.
The negative impact: • Most costly is the gradual decrease in the fertility of agricultural lands in the Nile delta, which used to benefit from the millions of tons of silt deposited annually by the Nile floods. • Nubians that got resettled had to learn new farming techniques as the new lands in Nasr El-Nubia was not able to sustain their crops which caused many farmers to have a career shift and rent their lands to other Sa’idi farmers as they are more able to farm those lands. • The number of fishes in the Nile delta has reduced sharply after the High dam of Aswan was built. The waste products of the fishes used to sustain the soil in the delta which disappear when the dam was built.
SO, WHY WE CHOOSE EINEBA ? 1- It was the center of the old Nubia and still acts as the center of New Nubia which is called Nasr El-Nubia. 2- It still posses a hefty amount of governmental building where decision makers are there. 3- The centeral location of Eineba between 2 villages makes the accessibility to it more easier.
Figure II.1.11: Eneiba 3D shot, “Done by researcher, 2018”
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
I.4 Social Survey:
Collecting social information about Nubian people who suffered from displacement would not be accurate unless we travel to their villages in the desert, specially “Enniba” village. we targetted local people who lived in the period of the great dispacement in 1964 to get an accurate opinions, the main problems accured and demands that they need.
1st Interview “El Sayed Hassan Moham-
med El Kheir”
1- “The lack of jobs and the inefficiency of labor, where we do not have the efficiency to cultivate our land , so we have to intent to others to cultivate our land” 2- “These days, Nubian youth want to learn modern technology, craft and minor hand works like ceramic works, plaster and painting,... etc”. “We have old factories and we need to replace it with a new one to train laborers and help them to work in new crops cultivation and to process the cultivated crops to different products to be sold.” 3- “We have lots of services, workshops, artisan and craft centers are available but no trained labors are available for working in such places.”
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2nd Interview “Mahmoud Mohamed”
1- “It really annoyed us, the increase of the cultivation supplies prices like the compost, seeds and Insecticide, which makes it hard for cultivating and the products prices parley enough for providing these supplies for the next season not for living.” 2- “Sometimes the water pumps breaks down for days, which ends up with died of the crops and thus losing more money.” 3- “We really need to restore the multi purposes halls “Madyyafa” since it is very old and deteriorated and it is very important for the village’s public events “Weddings, Funeral… etc.” 4- “Replacements for all of the old deteriorated buildings “mosques, houses, etc.”
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
I.5 Project Selection: Project Introduction After studying the place and analyzing the urban & social analysis, we decided to make a project that will take the first step of its kind in Nasr El-Nubia to solve the main problem of agriculture and the high rates of unemployment. Modern technology should be integrated to bridge the gap between Nubian people and the outside world. The appropriate project that is going to match such criteria is Agricultural & Technological Research Center.
Project Scope The project is mainly dealing with the agricultural problem in Nubia. Agriculture is and always will be a huge part of the essence of the Nubian culture. By bringing back this culture legacy to the younger generations we’re not only helping them take advantage of their unused lands, but also take a huge step at reviving and developing this rich culture that is the Nubian culture.
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
Vision Our vision is to see Nubia a green productive city with no agriculture problems. Also, to make it a leader in technological techniques regarding agricultural, to enhance the quality of life, and to prepare young people with what they have – lands – to be well-educated and self-independent.
Mission Providing a place equipped with all the needed technological system and machines that provides the ability for the agriculture researchers to invent and develop new techniques in agriculture and also provides an area for the people to get to know more about the new techniques and machines in agriculture.
Project Approaches Economic Approach: Improving the Agriculture will have a huge impact on the economy level of the Nubian villages. The Project will not only make use of an enormous agriculture fields which will create an income and many business opportunity but also it will create a future value as the youth will be always developing and working to expand their work. Cultural Approach: Even though project NATRC mainly focuses on creating jobs and elevate the economic level of Nubian, we N can’t ignore its effect on the Nubian culture. Agriculture is an essential part of the Nubian culture, and developing it directly develops and boost the Nubian culture and helps reviving it. Scientific Approach: Creating a huge research facility like NATRC in Nubia will make a scientific impact as people will come from all over the country and even the world to study, research and develop in the facilities. It will also encourage the younger generation to peruse these sciences.
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
I.6 Site Selection : • Site A
is located between two villages and near to the main road.
• Site B
is surrounded by agricultural land and the desert.
• Site C
is at the edge of Eneiba village and surrounded by desert from the other side.
Proposed Sites Map,Courtesy of the Researcher
Selection Criteria : • Views and Sensors • Neighborhoods and Landuse • Street Networks and Accessibility • Topography and Nature of the site • Corresponding to Project Conditions
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
Site A:
Site B:
Site C:
Neighborhood and Landuse Residential Agriculture Industrial Hospital Public Utilities
Rating: 8.4
Rating: 7.6
Rating: 5.0
Rating: 8.0
Rating: 7.5
Rating: 6.4
Rating: 5.4
Rating:5.2
Rating: 5.0
Views and Sensors Positive View Negative View Noise
Rating: 5.6
Accessibility
Main Road Secondary Road Alleys
Rating: 9.4
Topograpy
Rating: 8.2
Sections
Section C-D
Section A-B
Section A-B
Section E-F
Section C-D
Section C-D
SWOT Analysis -Great location between 2 villages. -Easy access. -Near to water canal.
-Close to main gathering points. -Easy access. -View on vegetation and water canal.
-Calm area and far from road noise. -Near to houses and village centre.
-Bad view on the North.
-Far from the centre of the village. -View of canal and lands is in south.
-No positive view. -Far from main and secondry roads.
-Near to water canal that will help in irrigation.
-Countour lines may help designing. -Water canal will help irrigation.
-Wide vacant areas for agriculture. -Possibility for future extensions is high.
-Noise from main road. -Orientation problems.
-Noise from Aswan- Red sea Road. -Orientation problems.
-Not accessable. -Orientation problems.
Total Rating : 79%
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Total Rating : 71.6%
Total Rating : 53.1%
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
I.7 Further Analysis for the Proposed Site: After comparing the 3 sites we choose site 1 as our final location for the project. Our decision is based on different factors as shown in the site analysis and the swot comparison. Being easily accessible from both out side via main roads and from inside by being at the center of the villages is a key element in our project. Also bending near an industrial space may have it’s disadvantages but it asures the accessibility of the needed infra structure to the site. Also being near the water supply is so important as the project is based on agriculture. Having a simple couture lines make the preparations need for the land fewer and the open spaces of the chosen site gives more freedom in the design and also chance to expansion if needed. Also the site is well planed and it’s taking a near geometry.
Figure I.7.1: Site A, “Done by Researcher, 2018”
Total Area = 25,000 m2
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
Neighborhood and Landuse: • The dominant surrounding of the site is residential area . • There is an industrial area close to our project land . • From the south east, there is a huge area of agricultural land .
Figure I.7.2: Site A analysis,“Researcher, 2018”
Key: Residential
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Agriculture
Industrial
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
Views and Sensors : • Our Main positive view is at the south east direction because it has a direct view to the agricultural lands. On the other hand, our other views are not good or even can be consider as bad views because it is surrounded by residential areas and deserts. • Our main noise sources from industrial space or residential areas.
Figure I.7.3: Site A analysis,”Researcher, 2018”
Key: Positive View
Negative View
Noise
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
Street Networks and Accessibility : • The site is accessible from the main street which make it easier to reach for visitors. It also centered between two villages, so it is accessible from many pedestrian roads.
Figure I.7.4: Site A analysis,Courtesy of the Researcher
Key: Main Road
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Secondary Road
Alleys
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
Building Condition: • All newly built buildings which is located in the outskirts of the village are in a relatively good conditions. • The other majority of the buildings there are in a bad conditions due to the decline in soil.
Figure I.7.5: Site A analysis, “Researcher,2018”.
Key: Good Bad Deteriorated Figure I.7.6: Building conditions percentage, “Researcher,2018”
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
Building Heights: • Most of Eneiba buildings consists of 1 floor buildings as the most of the government houses where all built with same criteria. • Most of the 3 and 4+ floor buildings are newly built and is located in the outskirts of the city.
Figure I.7.7: Site A analysis,Courtesy of the Researcher
Key: 1-2 Floors 3-4 Floors 4+ Floor Figure I.7.8: Building heights percentage, “Researcher, 2018”
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
Climate Analysis: Wind Frequency: • Maximum wind from the North. • Minimum wind from the South and South East. • Best orientation for maximizing gain from prevailing wind is North for good ventilation. Wind Temperature: • Maximum wind temperature is 450C. • Minimum wind temperature is 50.
Figure I.7.9: Wind frequency
• Use passive solar techniques to reduce heat gain in the summer and maintain heat in winter. Average Relative Humidity: • Maximum humidity is 75%. • Minimum humidity is 150. • Humidify hot dry air before it enters the building from enclosed outdoor spaces with spray-like fountains, misters, wet pavement, or cooling towers. • Flat roofs work well in hot dry climates
Figure I.7.10: Wind temperature
Figure I.7.12: Average monthly temperature
Figure I.7.11: Average relative humidity
Figure I.7.14: Solar Path in Eneiba
Figure I.7.13: Average rainfall
Agricultural Analysis:
1500000
100000
1200000
80000
900000
60000
600000
40000
Banana
Grapes
Fig
Mango
Guava
Lemon
Mandarin
Figure I.7.15: Main crops in Eneiba, “General Directorate of Information and Decision Support Center as , 2015”
0
Orange
Tomato
Maize
Broom Corn
Sesame
Roselle
Beans
Onion
Barley
Wheat
0
Peach
300000
20000
Figure I.7.16: Main Fruits in Eneiba, “General Directorate of Information and Decision Support Center, 2015”
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
Architectural Analysis: Old Nubian 1. The Entrance gate: It is 1.2 by 2.4 m, in the center of a high mud wall approached to the Nile. Also, there are 3 windows on its both sides. 2. Entrance transition area: Main entrance portico. 3. Mandara: It is the guest room, located next to the main entrance and opens the inner courtyard right inside the house. 4. The Courtyard. 5. Bedrooms: It has two bedrooms or more. 6. Kitchen: It consists of two rooms, usually covered with a dome and an open vent on the top for ventilation. Also the domes hanging up in the middle tray ‘‘Meshlaa” serves as the refrigerator and on the reservation. 7. Storage room: It is one of the most important element in the Nubian house.
Figure I.7.17: Old Nubian house, “Ali, O, 2018”.
Architectural Features Before & After relo-
Before relocation
After relocation
After occupancy
Figure I.7.18: Development of Nubian House through the process of resettlement, “ Ali, O, 2018”.
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
I.8 Project Components: Space Program:
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CHAPTER II :
INSPIRATIONS MOTIVATION
CHAPTER II INSPIRATIONS
II.1 Louvre Abu Dhabi Muesuem Masses Inspired from Abu-Dhabi urban fabric Ground floor Connecting the masses together and creates the main circulation The Dome A shading device covers the muesuem’s main plaza and it’s pattern inspired from the Islamic geometric motives
Figure II.1.1 Lay out Sketched by “Researcher, 2019”
Figure II.1.2 Evolution of the dome Pattern “Arch daily, 2017”
The Dome Structure:
Figure II.1.3 Plate joints supporting steel members “Arch daily, 2017” Aluminuim Cladding Steel Structure Stainless steel Cladding
- The dome cosists of 8 different layers the inner layers cladded in stainless steel and the outer layers cladded in Aluminuim and seperated by steal frame 5m hieght. - The dome supported on 4 piers each 110m apart from another amd hidden within the masses to apear floating. - The steel structure members jointed using plates on certain angels to give the curvature of the dome. Stainless steel Cladding Aluminuim Cladding
Steel Structure
Figure II.1.4 Layers of the dome “Arch daily, 2017”
Figure II.1.5 Plate joint supporting steel members “Arch daily, 2017”
Figure II.1.6 The dome layers “Arch daily, 2017”
Figure II.1.7 Sectional- elevation “Arch daily, 2017”
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CHAPTER II INSPIRATIONS
II.2 The rotated Blocks “Cube of cubes” Architect: Waleed Arafa The main idea is based on rotating blocks 45 degrees which creates selfshaded masses that naturally reduces the heat inside the building.
Figure II.2.1 Basuna Mosque’s Dome “Arch Figure II.2.2 Albaster blocks in Figure II.2.3 Basuna mosque’s dome from inside “Arch daily, daily, 2019” Mehrab of Basuna Mosque “Arch daily, 2019”
II.3 Research Center ICTA-ICP - UAB - Spain Architect: H Arquitectes, DATAAE
Figure II.3.1 UAB research center “Arch daily, 2014”
Figure II.3.2 Ground floor plan Annotated by researcher “Arch daily, 2014”
Figure II.3.4 Pre stressed piped slab “Georgi Pavlov, 2009”
Figure II.3.3 Cross section Annotated by researcher “Arch daily, 2014”
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Figure II.3.5 Geo- thermal heating and cooling system “wbdg, 2016”
CHAPTER II INSPIRATIONS
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CHAPTER III :
CONCEPTS THE IMAGINATION
CHAPTER III CONCEPTS
“Lets bring the future” “ The discovery of agriculture was the first big step toward a civilized life”. Keith, A. Key words Agriculture - Origami - Future Mission Seeking to help regain the Nubian agriculture that had been missed after emigration, and in the 21st century, the way to do that is to use the technology that we have nowadays. If we integrated the agriculture with the developed technology, we will find multiple solutions for all the agriculture problems that Enieba village has in both the land problems and the cultivation problems. Therefore, I choose agriculture and technological research center to be a place offers the needed strategies to solve the agriculture problem in Enieba. In addition, to become a plat form for introducing the modern technology to the Nubian people from both kids and adults in the interaction parts of the project.
Objective The main objectives of NATRC is responding to the following dimensions: Agricultural dimension: Offering labs that develops the plants genes to adapt with the land conditions in Enieba. Also,offering lands and green houses to implement the experiments and find the perfect solutions. Technological dimension: Offering high tech. Equipment to help researchers develop their researches. Workshops to make prototype of the agricultural equipment they innovated. In addition, VR and 3D hologram rooms to render the machines to 3D models to be easier in modifying. Social dimension: Interacting locals with the project through seminars that would be held in lecture halls or the MPU to aware the locals with the modern inventions to use in their agriculture. The library will also open for public to the raise the knowledge of Enieba people. VR and hologram will be an introduction for modern technology to locals. In addition, some parts will be available for kids to be a part of their education. Cultural dimension: The main aim of the project is to regain the Nubian agriculture, which is actually an integral part of the Nubian culture. Therefore, the architecture of the project will be reflecting the rich Nubian culture integrated with the contemporary architecture of the 21st century.
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CHAPTER III CONCEPTS
1st Concept:
“Agriculture is a step to the future”
Since the agriculture is the first step to civilized cities, as it was the first job that human ever work, so I thought why it would not be the first step to Eineba to technology! Since our site has a simple slope, my idea is to make the buildings of the project like steps starting from the zero level with cultivated areas as levels goes up the technology starts to appear gradually from the green houses to sophisticated workshops to high tech laboratories and VR rooms VR, Liberaries High Tech labs Mock up workshops Green House Cultivation Graph shows the levels to technology
2nd Concept:
“Forum”
The court at the Nubian house is actually the heart of the house where every one gother and spend most of the time togethe. So, for my project I wanted the centeral node not only to be cross road but to become a place where researchers can meet, share ideas together in a comfortable place.
Nubian house
3rd Concept:
Forum
“Vector”
The main idea is inspired from the vectors since the sum of vectors leads to resaltant vector in the middle. Since the aim of my project is agriculture Social and+ Labs the main= AGGRICULTURE vectors leading to that resault are social vectors + Workshops since agriculture is Eineba’s main problem, Botany and plants genetics labs to improve agriculture and workshops to develop and improve the aggriculture machines and equipment.
Social + Labs + Workshops = AGGRICULTURE
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CHAPTER III CONCEPTS
What if the 3 concepts combined together?! We will be creating a olace that Respects the past’s culture, Solves today’s problems “Aggriculture”, And Aims for better future.
AGRICULTURE
Workshops
Puplic areas
Genetics labs
FORUM
Puplic areas
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CHAPTER III CONCEPTS
1st Form :
Circle
“Radial rays”
Creating a central node “forum” that connect the project’s spaces together. Simply like the radial rays, the buildings are distributed around a circular forum. Northern buildings are shorter than southern buildings so that the southern building drop shadow on the northern buildings and thus reduceing the heat effect inside the buildings also the southern buildings are thinner also to minimize the area affected by the direct sun rays.
Rays dividing the circle and creating pathways
Jury 1 sketches Extending buildings with longer length for buildings in the north
Master Plan
Extruding buildings with hiegher hieghts for builings in the south
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Privailing winds Hot winds Sun path
3D shot
Main Elevation
CHAPTER III CONCEPTS
2nd Form : Seperate one unit
“Origami triangel�
From the origami folding , I took one unit, modified it and creating the masses of the project triangles edges. Then from the same trianglar folded pattern a shading device created to shade the forum and the path wasys .
Detaching the edges
Breaking the edges Figure III.1 Nubian ceramics art work
Origami triangels fold
Summer Solastice
Summer Solastice
Creating masses
Changing in form & creating path ways Addinf shading device from the same triangles pattern
Winter Solastice
Rotating masses for self shading and Ventilation
Main Elevation
Winter Solastice
Master plan
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CHAPTER III CONCEPTS
EIN EBA PATTER N A N A LY S IS :
3rd Form :
“The shell”
I merged the leaf shape along with the origami triangels to creat a shell covering part of the project. That will allwo opening the terraces and roof for public to enjoy the views with no direct sun heat. Also, the main masses are drived from Eineba’s rythem of buildings. EIN EBA M A P
+
=
S TUDY M A P
LAY O UT W ITH TH E S H ELL
M A IN S P IN S
A D M I N I S T R AT I O N PUPLIC AREA & MPU OFFICES LABS WORKSHOP GREEN HOUSE S TO R AG E
Z O N IN G
SOLID VO I D
S O LID & V O ID
GR ID & M A IN PATH
GR ID M A P
S K Y LIN E
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S ITE M A P
CHAPTER III CONCEPTS
Form developments :
1st study maquette
Form generating
Plan deveploments :
Elevation prediction
The shell
M a s t e r p l a n 1 : 1st edit
Work shop Offices
Public Area
Adminstration
Offices Labs
3D shot
M a s t e r p l a n 2 : Landscape edit
M a s t e r p l a n 3 : Landscape & shell edit
Lay out
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CHAPTER III CONCEPTS
Final Form : Bio gas Water recycle Storage
Citrus Botanical Garden
Green Houses
Offices Wo r k shop
Cactus Garden
V R Le c . Halls
Offices
LIberary
Adminstration
Cafe
Lay out
Offices
Scale 1:900
Green Houses
Offices
Labs
Cactus Garden
Fo r u m
MPU
Pa r k i n g
La b s
Main Entrance
Zoning
The shell
Adminstartion
Wo r k s h o p
Maquette Shot
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CHAPTER IV :
PROJECT DEVELOPMENTS IMPROVING
IV.1 Contextual Analysis
Vacant land
Eineba village
Arab Guhayna Village
Residential area Residential area
Factory
Arab Guhayna Road
Lay out
Scale 1:2000
3D shot Bird eye view
Water Canal
CHAPTER IV PROJECT DEVELOPMENTS
IV.2 Zoning
Public Areas MPU Kids zone Computer laps cafe MPU Foyer Administration Achieve Manager & Secretary Service Accountant Server room Clinic Botany Science Labs Preparation labs Offices Agricultural Engineering Workshop VR test room Offices Ground Floor Plan - Zoning Scale 1:500
Agricultural services Green houses Storage Biogas unit W ater Recycle unit Services Waiting areas WC Stairs Fire escape stairs Courts Main plaza Agriculture Parking eating areas Water feature
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CHAPTER IV PROJECT DEVELOPMENTS
Key: Public Areas MPU Lecture Halls cafe MPU Foyer Administration Liberary Electronic Liberary Botany Science Labs Preparation labs Offices Agricultural Engineering Workshop Offices Services
1st Floor Plan - Zoning Scale 1:800
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Terraces WC Stairs Fire escape stairs Courts Main plaza Agriculture Parking eating areas W ater feature
CHAPTER IV PROJECT DEVELOPMENTS
IV.3 Hierarchy The project is divided to 4 main zones; Administration, Public zone, Botany and genetics labs and Agricultural engineering workshop. The hierarchy of the zoning is shown horizontally. It starts with the high dense public zones and administration then it gets more private as you go along the main spin. The main plaza of the project acts like the main spin that connects the project zones together tell it ends with the agricultural zone which includes the green houses and open agricultural lands for executing and testing the new invented techniques and equipments at the labs and workshops of the project.
Main Plaza Side Pathes Puplic area Semi - public Private area
Public Zone
Adminstration
Research zone
Agriculture
Hierarchy Scale 1:1600
Longitudinal Section Scale 1:800
IV.3 Character The dominant characters on my project is the combination of old and modernity through both materials and motives. Using white sand stones, which is a local material, to create a self shaded walls. And using light steel to create a shell that adds a unique 21st century character on the facade.
IV.5 Self shaded wall 1:500
IV.4 Main elevation 1: 800
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CHAPTER IV PROJECT DEVELOPMENTS
IV.4 Circullation
Re s e a r c h e r s C i r c u l a t i o n
Researchers Circulation Scale 1:1600
Handicap Circulation
Scale 1:1600
Scale 1:1600
Handicap Circulation Scale 1:1600 48
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Public Circulation
Public Circulation Scale 1:1600
Cars Circulation
Scale 1:1600
Scale 1:1600
Cars Circulation Scale 1:1600
CHAPTER IV PROJECT DEVELOPMENTS
IV.5 AnalysisNW
N
W
SW
NE
E Main Node Secondry Node Minor Node Orientation SE S
Main Nodes and Orientations Scale 1:1600
Agricultural areas Scale 1:1600
Heavy Meduim Light Out door density
Density Scale 1:1600
Solid Light structure Light structure
Solid and Void Scale 1:1600 NATRC 49
CHAPTER IV PROJECT DEVELOPMENTS
Master plan
50
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Scale 1: 800
CHAPTER IV PROJECT DEVELOPMENTS
1st Floor plan
Scale 1: 800
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CHAPTER IV PROJECT DEVELOPMENTS
2nd Floor Plan
52
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Scale 1: 800
CHAPTER IV PROJECT DEVELOPMENTS
Main Elevation
“S.E. Elevation” Scale 1: 800
Side Elevation
“West Elevation” Scale 1: 800
Back Elevation
“N.W. Elevation” Scale 1: 800
Cross Section B-B
Scale 1: 800
Cross Section B-B
Scale 1: 800
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CHAPTER IV PROJECT DEVELOPMENTS
Plaza Interior shot
Main Entrance Shot
Back Elevation Shot 54
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CHAPTER V :
THE SHELL
TOWARDS FUTURE
CHAPTER V THE SHELL
V.1 Shell Form Generation:
Covering part from one building with the main plaza
Sim ple Or iga mi Fol din g
Creating shapes
Developing form
Covering part from each building with the main plaza
Climate Analysis :
Privailing winds Hot winds Sun path
Covering one whole building with the main plaza
Lay out
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CHAPTER V THE SHELL
V.2 Shell Envelop : The shell has multi-purposes. First it acts like a shading device for the forum from which it makes it easier for users to walk through the forum in sunny days with out any fear from very hot direct sun rays. Second of all, it acts like a green for the green roof above the public building. Thus, the material used for shading the forum is light fiber glass fabric because it’s cheap and durable. As for the roof polythylene to adjust the temperature required for plants.
Fiber glass fabric benefits : 1- Light Weight due to thinner thickness. 2- PVC protection 3- Low cost 4- High durability and strength
polyethylene fabric benefits : 1- More Flexiable than glass which breaks easily. 2- Light Efficient it allows 80%-87% UV transfer meaning plants receive the maximum amount of sunlight needed to grow while diffusing excess UV light. 3- Lower cost than glass and longer in life span. 4- High durability and strength
POLYTHELYNE COVER ABOVE GREEN ROOF
FIBER GLASS LIGHT FABRIC ABOVE THE FORUM
OPENINGS IN FABRIC TO WARDS THE NORTH
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CHAPTER V THE SHELL
V.3 Shell Structure BALL JOINT FOR TUBE MEMBERS
Tetrahedron Shell Structure Plan
Supporting Tree Column
The shell structure is similar to space truss but instead of using tetrahedron a ball joint is joining steel members together in certain angels to end up with the required form.
BALL JOINT SUPPORTED ON COLUMN
V.4 Shell Environmental Approach 1- The shell is opened towards the NW direction to act like wind catcher for the privailing winds. The Angel of the openings with the wind flow makes it easier to direct the wind towards the main plaza and the green roof. 2- Water mist sprinklers are supported in the shell structure to work in hot summer days and cools down the temperature. 3- The closed side of the shell is towards the south and SE to prevent the solar radiation and the bad hot winds. From this direction the shell is covered with fiber glass fabric for shading and polyethylene above the green roof to protect the plants and provide the required conditions needed for it’s growth.
F I B E R G L A S S TO WA R D S T H E S O U T H FOR SHDING
SUN RAYS
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O P E N E D TO WA R D S N, N W F O R C ATC H I N G P R I VA I L I N G W I N D S
WAT E R M I S T S P R I N K L E R NOZZLE
WAT E R M I S T S P R I N K L E R S FOR AIR COOING
CHAPTER VI :
STRUCTURE SYSTEM ROOTS
CHAPTER VI
STRUCTURE SYSTEM
Conceret Frames Shell Steel Structure Shell Cover Materials Steel Tree Column Piped Flat Slab R.C Column Light steel Green Houses
Structural 3D Model 60
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CHAPTER VI STRUCTURE SYSTEMS
VI.1 R.C Frames
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION OFFICE
OFFICE
Where?
R.C Frames used at both the MPU and Workshop. WORK SHOP "VR TEST"
Why?
Both MPU and Workshop requires large spaces free of columns or any structural opisticals and the best structure for spans 18-20m is frames PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
WORK SHOP
Beneifits of RC Frames
KIDS LAB
COMPUTER LAB
KIDS TECHNOLOGY ZONE
- Column- free spaces with large spans up to 20m - Flexibility in modigying the layout. - More strength and durability than normal RC beam- column - Shorter in construction time
COMPUTER LAB
MPU
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
VI. 2 Partial Plan showing RC frames Scale 1:400
VI. 3 RC Frame structure for the MPU3D shot
VI.2 Piped Flat Slab: Where?
The Piped flat slab is used mainly in labs, offices and the areas requires active cooling.
Why?
The piped flat slab it’s made of pre-stressed conceret which makes it more durable. The air pipes makes the slab weight lighter as it circulates the air through it to active the thermal mass layers to cool down theVI. 4 Thermo-active building systems (TABS) temperature of the indoor areas using geo-thermal“G.Pavlov,2012” clean energy.
Beneifits of RC Frames
- Light weight - Reducing the use of electricity, instead,it uses clean renewable energy which is geothermal. - More strength and durability than normal RC flat slab - Shorter in construction time. - Dosn’t require many layers of floor and ceiling finishing materials.
GRC Shading device
Pre-stressed RC slab Air pipes
VI. 4 Wall Section showing slab layers Scale 1:40 NATRC 61
CHAPTER VI
STRUCTURE SYSTEM
VI.3 Tree Column: Where?
The tree Column is used to support the shell in the middle of the main plaza
Why?
The tree column is a modern structure technique that supports ceilings and shading VI.5 Welded joints of a tree coulmn at TGV Station at the devices with large spans. The tree shape Charles de Gaulle Airport in Paris “tboake, 2018” gives it enough strength to make it act like several columns attached together in one. Also, it adds a unique touch to my project because the tree column blends in with the agriculture and the plants.
Beneifits of RC Frames
- Light weight - Creating column-free spaces .
VI.5 Tree column in the middle of the plaza.
VI.4 Green house structure : The structure of the greenhouse can be made from galvanized steel, in a semi-circular frames . Supported with R.C footing and connected together using girders.
Flooring
Typical flooring materials for a greenhouse are concrete, porous concrete, gravel, and dirt. Flooring material affects both your greenhouse’s heat efficiency and light transmission. You should be wary of using gravel or dirt flooring because they do not retain heat or protect your plants from pests. Alternatively, porous concrete allows water to drain, retains heat better, and protects your plants from pests by creating an impenetrable barrier. PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
TOOLS SHELVES
Girders
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
VI.7 Green house 3D Structure
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HEAT EXCHANGE UNIT
VI.8Green house Plan
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
VI.6 Green house section
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
semi- circlar frame
HEAT EXCHANGE UNIT
TOOLS SHELVES
TO
OLS
SH
EL
VE
EXC HE HA AT NG E UN IT
S
CHAPTER VI STRUCTURE SYSTEMS
VI.5 Structural Plans: EXC HE HA AT NG E UN IT
EXC HE HAN AT GE UN
IT
OFFICE
OFFICE
OFFICE
EXC HE HA AT NG E UN IT
WORK SHOP
WORK SHOP "VR TEST"
OFFICE
OFFICE
KIDS LAB
COMPUTER LAB
KIDS TECHNOLOGY ZONE
ACCOUNTING
MANAGER SECRETARY
COMPUTER LAB
SERVER ROOM
MPU
CLINIC
WAITING
LEFTS MPU FOYER
Key Shell Supports Shell RC Frames RC Columns
Ground Floor Plan Scale 1:600 NATRC 63
CHAPTER VI
STRUCTURE SYSTEM
OFFICE OFFICE
OFFICE
Meeting
OFFICE
OFFICE
WORK SHOP
OFFICE
OFFICE Lift Lobby
TERRACE
LECTURE HALL
LECTURE HALL
ELECTRONIC LIBRARY
TERRACE
LECTURE HALL
LIBRARY
MPU
LECTURE HALL
LEFT Lobby TERRACE
Key Shell Supports Shell RC Frames RC Columns
1st Floor Plan Scale 1:600 64
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CHAPTER VI STRUCTURE SYSTEMS
Key Shell Supports Shell RC Columns
2nd Floor Plan Scale 1:600 NATRC 65
CHAPTER VII :
Construction & Technology EVOLVING
CHAPTER VII
VII.1 Self shaded wall:
CONSTRUCTION & TECHNOLOGY
The self shaded wall is built using the white stone block called “El- Okba stone” it’s a local material fabricated in Aswan Governament. The self shaded wall is located on the southern elevation, where the sun rays are almost hitting this wall all the year around. The idea of the wall is that each row is rotated 5 degree more than the raw below it. The projection of the blocks due to the rotation makes shadow below it, which resaults a wall that it’s self shaded without the need for a shading device. Also, the rotated blocks are 10-30 cm apart from each o t h e r, w h i c h c r e a t e s g a p s f o r b o t h n a t u r a l l i g h t i n g and ventelation.
Benefits -
Lo w c o s t less energy used inside the building Environmentaly friendly Re d u c e s c a r b o n e m i s s i o n s
VII.1 Self shaded wall on main facade NATRC 67
CHAPTER VII
CONSTRUCTION & TECHNOLOGY
VII.2 Green Roof: The Green type is meduiem soil, to allow agricultural experaments to be done on the green roofs boxes. The green roofs on my project are shaded using the shell of the project. The shell is c o v e r e d w i t h p o l y t h e l e y n f a b r i c a b o v e t h e g r e e n r o o f. The shell also provides the green roof with the ventelation required through it’s openeings towards the privailing winds.
Benefits: - Allaw extra spaces for researchers for experaments. - Acts like a heat insulation above the roofs of the buildings. - Adds a relaxing place with nice views for the researchers for changing mood and r e l a x i n g.
Soil Meduiem Drainage Layer Water Insulation Drainage
VII.2 Green Roof Section 68
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CHAPTER VII
CONSTRUCTION & TECHNOLOGY
VII.3 Water Recycle: Access Cover
Water Recycling unit:
Ve n t
In let
Out let
Scum
Sludge
V I I . 3 Wa t e r Re c y c l e U n i t
Soil Meduiem Drainage Layer Water Insulation Drainage
VII.4
The water recycle unit recycles Gray water from sinks, excess irrigation water and the water from the water canal. The water recycle unit system is simple. The unit consists of a large tank filled with Gray water in slow flow to allow the gravels and large particles settler down at the bottom of the tank while oils and small dirts at the top of the tank. There is a small hole at the side top of the tank to get rid of the dirt on top and take the clean water from the top to extra filtration levels before reusing it again.
Green Roof Re c y c l e s w a t e r, t h e l a y e r s o f t h e g r e e n r o o f a c t s l i k e a w a t e r f i l t e r. A s t h e w a t e r goes down through soil, sand and gravel all the dirt particles clears tell it reach the drainage and then reuse.
Land Scape system:
VII.5 Landscape flower box
VII.6 Landscape flower box with flood system
water
recycle
The flower boxes in the main plaza they acts like water filtiration in 2 ways: 1- Small water fountain at the middle of the flower box where the water raises up in a slow flow tell flods out of the fountain and irrigate the plants in the flower box. then the excess water will go down through the flower boxes layers “Soil, sand and gravel� tell it reach the drainage. through this journey the water gets natural filtiration and become clear to be reused in different tasks. 2- a normal flower box gets irrigated using sprinklers. Also, the excess water will get filtered as it goes down to the drainage.
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CONSTRUCTION & TECHNOLOGY
VII.4 Biogas system : B i o g a s i s a c l e a n a n d r e n e w a b l e f u e l ( s i m i l a r t o L P G ) t h a t y o u c a n m a k e y o u r s e l f. B i o g a s i s m a d e i n a b i o g a s d i g e s t e r. We c a l l i t a d i g e s t e r b e c a u s e i t i s a l a r g e t a n k f i l l e d with bacteria that eats (or digests) organic waste and gives a flammable gas, called biogas. The bacteria in the Gesi550 biogas digester need to be cared for like you would c a r e f o r a n a n i m a l . I f t h e b a c t e r i a h a v e t o o m u c h o r t o o l i t t l e f o o d t h e y g e t s i c k . Yo u m u s t f e e d t h e b a c t e r i a e v e r y d a y w i t h a m i x t u r e o f f o o d w a s t e a n d w a t e r. I n a d d i t i o n t o biogas, the Gesi systems make waste water that is rich in nutrients. This water may be p o u r e d o v e r y o u r p l a n t s t o h e l p t h e m g r o w. B i o g a s s y s t e m s m a k e u s e o f a r e l a t i v e l y s i m p l e , w e l l - k n o w n , a n d m a t u r e t e c h n o l o g y. T h e m a i n p a r t o f a b i o g a s s y s t e m i s a l a r g e t a n k , o r d i g e s t e r. I n s i d e t h i s t a n k , b a c t e r i a convert organic waste into methane gas through the process of anaerobic digestion. E a c h d a y, t h e o p e r a t o r o f a b i o g a s s y s t e m f e e d s t h e t h e d i g e s t e r w i t h h o u s e h o l d b y- p r o d u c t s s u c h a s m a r k e t w a s t e , k i t c h e n w a s t e , a n d m a n u r e f r o m l i v e s t o c k . T h e m e t h a n e g a s p r o d u c e d i n s i d e b i o g a s s y s t e m m a y b e u s e d f o r c o o k i n g, l i g h t i n g, a n d o t h e r e n e r g y n e e d s . Wa s t e t h a t h a s b e e n f u l l y d i g e s t e d e x i t s t h e b i o g a s s y s t e m i n t h e f o r m o f o r g a n i c f e r t i l i s e r.
How much energy is there in biogas? E a c h c u b i c m e t e r o f b i o g a s c o n t a i n s t h e e q u i v a l e n t o f 6 k W h o f h e a t e n e r g y. The same volume of biogas converted to electrical power yields 2 kWh; the rest of the energy is dispersed as heat that can be reclaimed and applied to other uses. The 2kWh generated by a cubic meter of biogas can light a 100W bulb for 20 hours, or run a 2 0 0 0 W h a i r d r y e r f o r o n e h o u r. One cubic meter of biogas equals 1 litre of diesel fuel.
VII.7 Bio gas system 70
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CHAPTER VII
VII.5 Geo - Thermal Energy:
CONSTRUCTION & TECHNOLOGY
At the heart of a geothermal system are one or more ground source heat pumps, which o p e r a t e i n a m a n n e r s i m i l a r t o a c o m m o n r e f r i g e r a t o r. U n l i k e c o n v e n t i o n a l h e a t i n g systems that burn fossil fuels or use electricity to create heat, heat pumps simply move h e a t f r o m o n e p l a c e t o a n o t h e r. The ground and lakes around us represent a vast reservoir of renewable thermal energy stored from the sun. This geothermal energy is estimated to exceed all other energy sources combined by more than two thousand times. At depths below 8 to 10 feet (2.5 to 3 meters), the earth's temperature remains at or near the average annual air t e m p e r a t u r e a b o v e . D u r i n g t h e w i n t e r, a g e o t h e r m a l s y s t e m c o l l e c t s t h i s l o w - g r a d e thermal energy from the earth and concentrates it inside the house or building to p r o v i d e s p a c e h e a t i n g. Fo r e v e r y u n i t o f e n e r g y u s e d b y a g r o u n d s o u r c e h e a t p u m p , a well-designed geothermal system can provide three to four units of heat energy to the b u i l d i n g. A l l g r o u n d s o u r c e h e a t p u m p s a r e r a t e d b y a n i n d u s t r y s t a n d a r d c a l l e d t h e C o e f f i c i e n t o f Pe r f o r m a n c e , o r C O P, w h i c h t y p i c a l l y r a n g e f r o m 3 . 0 t o 4 . 0 . T h i s represents efficiencies of 300% to 400%. I n t h e s u m m e r, t h e p r o c e s s i s r e v e r s e d a n d t h e h e a t p u m p m o v e s h e a t f r o m t h e b u i l d i n g a n d s t o r e s i t b a c k i n t h e g r o u n d . A l t e r n a t i v e l y, t h e h e a t r e m o v e d f r o m t h e b u i l d i n g c a n b e u s e d t o e f f i c i e n t l y h e a t a s w i m m i n g p o o l , d o m e s t i c h o t w a t e r, o r o t h e r p a r t s o f t h e building that require heat. The heated or cooled water goes to a heat exchange unit to cool and heat the air then circulate it through the air pipes within the slabs to activate the thermal mass above and below the slab.
VII.6 Finned pipes: A finned pipe is constructed of steel pipe with steel or aluminum fins attached to the outside wall. These f i n s c a n b e e i t h e r c i r c u l a r, s q u a r e o r r e c t a n g u l a r. I n the size range employed in greenhouses, a steel pipe w i t h s t e e l f i n s i s m o s t c o m m o n . Fi n n e d e l e m e n t s a r e generally installed along the long dimension of the greenhouse adjacent to the outside wall. Improved heat distribution is achieved if about one-third of the total required length is installed in an evenly spaced p a t t e r n a c r o s s t h e g r e e n h o u s e f l o o r. This system has the disadvantage of using precious floor space that would otherwise be available for plants. In addition, it is less VII.8 Geo-thermal capable of dealing effectively with water journey ventilation if required. M a i n t e n a n c e r e q u i r e m e n t s a r e l o w, particularly if a heat exchanger is FINNED PIPES used. H E AT E XC H A N G E UNIT H OT WAT E R E X I T
Heat Exchange unit
C O O L WAT E R E N T E R
WAT E R P I P E S C O O L I N G U S I N G G E OT H E R M A L E N E R GY
VII.9 Green house section showing both the finned pipes and geo thermal
Water Canal
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CONSTRUCTION & TECHNOLOGY
VII. 7 Handicap and Fire escape details: PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
Helping handle PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
VII.11 Helping handle
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
Handicap: - Toilet door open to the outside to make it easier for the wheel chair to enter and exit - Helping handle attached to the walls - Sink with height 70 cm. - Cabinet size 2m*1.6m - Ramps are 1:12 m
Helping handle
VII.12 Handicap Circulation Handicap Circulation
Scale 1:1600
VII.10 Handicap WC section
VII.11 Handicap WC Plan
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
Fire Fighting: - Doors open into the stair and the final door Exits outside the building - Sheer wall as a stair support also it acts like a smoke parior to delay smoke distribution in case smoke intered the staircase. - push panic handle an easy push open handle to open the exit door. - RC walls fire proffed adds extra safety for the staircase - Air duct with attached air pump to make the air pressure inside the stair case RSION NT VEout higher from side to prevent the interance of the smoke with the escaping STUDE Kthan S E D O T U A D BY AN E C U D O PR people to the stair Sheer wall
RC Wall Air Duct
PRODUC
ED
ION
NT VERS
K STUDE
AUTODES
VER STUDENT TODESK BY AN AU
SION
D BY AN
72
E PRODUC
VII.15 Fire escape door with push panic handle
Fire Exit door with Push Panic Handle
VII.13 Fire escape stair Plan Scale 1:40
NATRC
VII.14 Fire escape circulation Plan Scale 1:1800
CHAPTER VII
CONSTRUCTION & TECHNOLOGY
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
CHAPTER IV
VII. 8 Wall Sections:
PROJECT DEVELOPMENTS
Green Roof
Pre- stressed piped slab
Wall Sec. 2 Wall Sec. 1 PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
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GRC Shading device
Bridge Facade
Green Roof
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
The shell
Pre- Stressed conceret Air pipes
Tree column GRC Shading Land scape
VII.12 Wall Section1 Scale 1:100
VII.13 Wall Section2 Scale 1:40 PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
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CHAPTER VIII :
AGRICULTURAL ANALYSIS GROWTH
CHAPTER VIII
AGRICULTURAL ANALYSIS
VIII. 1 Agriculture layout study:
AG G R I C U LT U R A L S U P P L I E S S TO R AG E
M A LT C AC T U S
ONION JASMINE LEMON TREE MANDARIN TREE
JOJOBA CITRUS ORANGE TREE
VIII.1 Layout study for plants types NATRC 75
CHAPTER VIII
AGRICULTURAL ANALYSIS
VIII. 2 Proposed Plants:
Citrus orange tree Lemon tree Mandrin tree
Onion Malt
-Requires care form 12-15 weeks in green houses before transfer to soil -Moderate usage of water -Suitable for the hot arid regions -Suitable as mass production agriculture ”Crops”
Cactus
-Low usage of water -Suitable for the hot arid regions -Produces oils and cosmetics.
Palm
*Low usage of water *Suitable for the hot arid regions *Requires lot of caring all year long *Produces fruits -Very low usage of water, can endure very hot arid weather -No care needed -Produces oils for cosmetics and also generating clean energy
Jojoba
Jasmine Mint Water Lilis
76
-Requires care form 6 - 12 months in green houses before transfer to soil -Moderate usage of water -Suitable for the hot arid regions -Suitable as mass production agriculture ”Fruits”
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*Meduim to high usage of water *Planted under the shell for protection from hot weather *Requires daily caring *Produces oils, have a good scent and nice view
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
CHAPTER VIII
AGRICULTURAL ANALYSIS
VIII. 3 Green House: Galvanized steel, in a semi-circular frames . Supported with R.C footing and connected together using girders.
Flooring
TOOLS SHELVES
HEAT EXCHANGE UNIT
TOOLS SHELVES
Storage
Structure
Down-wards sprinklers
Semi- circle frame
Cover material
Polyethylene is inexpensive and lightweight, making it easy to use. The polyethylene (poly) film is typically made of one or two layers. Oxygen and carbon dioxide can pass through the poly film because it is porous, allowing plants to breathe in a tightly sealed greenhouse. Poly films are great for growers because you can customize the material with different coatings. A UV stabilizer can be used on the poly film to reduce sun degradation and yellowing, while an anti-drip coat will prevent excessive condensation. Another useful coat is the poly glazing that diffuses light. The diffusion coat allows growers to maximize space by ensuring all plants receive sunlight.
Polythelene cover PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
Typical flooring materials for a greenhouse are concrete, porous concrete, gravel, and dirt. Flooring material affects both your greenhouse’s heat efficiency and light transmission.
Plantations
Girders
Finned pipes
HEAT EXCHANGE UNIT
Heat exchange unit
VIII.2 Green House Plan Scale 1:100
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
VIII.4 Polyethylene Green House Heat exchange unit
Down-wards sprinklers
Drainage
VIII.5 Green house 3D Structure Girders
Finned pipes
Semi- circle frame
Storage
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
VIII.3 Green House Section Scale 1:100 NATRC 77
CHAPTER VIII
AGRICULTURAL ANALYSIS
VIII. 4 Irrigation systems:
Down-wards Sprinkler
Up-wards Sprinkler
For irrigating plants in green houses , the sprinklers are hanged upside down to irrigate the plants. The sprinklers works autoamtically according to the periods of irrigation that each plant requires and the amount of water needed.
For irrigating plants in fields the up-wards sprinklers irrigates up to 10 m diametars. The nozle pops up while irrigating then it hides when off to not affect the movement.
Driping Sprinkler Some types of plants requires to be irrigated all the time so dripping is the best way to keep these plants irrigated while saving the water.
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
VIII. 5 Irrigation in land scape : Flower boxes :
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
Flower boxes get irrigated using sprinklers or dripping system and the excess water are gathered from the drainage to recycle Seatings and reuse it. The type of plants used are aromatic plants like mint, jasmine,...etc. to add a Drainage nice view to the plaza and a nice scent as well.
Flooding fountain: Flower boxes get irrigated using a fountain , located at the center of the flower box , that floods to irrigate the plants and then the excess water get recycled. The type of plants used in this type is water plants like lilis and lotus .
Drainage
VIII.6 Land scape flower box Scale 1:20
Water Flooding
Water Supply
Drainage
VIII.7 Flood fountain irrigating flower box Scale 1:20 78
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CHAPTER VIII
AGRICULTURAL ANALYSIS
DRIPPING SYSTEM
DO W N - S P R IN K LER S
IN GREEN HOUSES SPRINKLERS ARE H A N G E D U P S I D E D O W N TO I R R I G AT E THE PLANTS
U P - S P R IN K LER S
F O R I R R I G AT I N G U P 1 0 M D I A M E T E R S
VIII.8 Water sprinklers Plan AG G R I C U LT U R A L S U P P L I E S S TO R AG E
M A LT C AC T U S
ONION JASMINE LEMON TREE M A N DA R I N TREE
JOJOBA
CITRUS ORANGE TREE
G R EEN H O U S E S EC TIO N
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CHAPTER IX :
SUSTAINABILITY PERMANENCE
CHAPTER IX
IX.1 Environmental Sustainability:
SUSTAINABILITY
Sand stone block for walls: 1- Local material “fabricated in Aswan” 2- Natural materials, no added chemicals. 3- Reflects the sun and reduces the insides temperature 4- reducing the carbon emissions by reducing the use of energy 5- Self shading which reduces the heat effects
The shell: 1- Shading the plaza and makes it usable during sunny days 2- Acts like a wind catcher as the openings of the shell is towards the north and the curvature of the shell helps in directing the winds towards the plaza. As, the attached water sprinklers helps in cooling down the temperature in summer. 3- Covered using fiber glass fabric above the plaza for shading as it’s a light material that allow the air to path but prevents the direct sun. 4- Covered by polythene above the green roof to act like a green house and provides the perfect conditions for the plants.
Geo-thermal energy: 1- clean renewable affordable energy 2- Reduces the carbon emissions caused by non-renewable energy. 3- Affects the human thermal comfort inside the building without the need for mechanical ways or HVACs. 4- Uses any type of water to work.
Bio-Gas: 1- clean renewable affordable energy 2- Reduces the carbon emissions caused by non-renewable energy. 3- Recycles organic waste into two useful products: - Organic compost for agriculture. - Clean energy gas.
Water Recycle: 1- Reducing the water usage by recycling gray water 2- Using multiple free techniques for recycling the water like: - Soil filtration for the excess water from irrigation. - Water recycle unit that depends on settlement of sludge and scum - The sludge and scum could be used as organic compost
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SUSTAINABILITY
IX.2 Economical Sustainability: Sand stone block for walls: 1- Local material “fabricated in Aswan” 2- low cost. 3- less construction time. 4- Reducing the cost by reducing the use of energy. 5- Dosn’t require many layers of finishng materials.
The shell: 1- Reduces the use of energy for ventelation and cooling. 2- Reduces the cost of cooling.
Geo-thermal energy: 1- clean renewable affordable energy 2-Reduces the cost of using non renewable energy.
Bio-Gas: 1- clean renewable affordable energy 2- Reduces the extra costs caused by non-renewable energy. 3- Provides valuable products: - Organic compost for agriculture. - Clean energy gas.
Water Recycle: 1- Reducing the water usage by recycling gray water
IX.2 Social Sustainability: 1- Solving the agriculture problem by : - Inventing new agricultural and irrigation techniques. - Raising the awareness of people through lectures about the new invented techniques and equipments. - Teaching how to make the organic home made compost that affords less cost and raises the profit margins. 2- Creating open areas for people to gather and communicate. 3- Affording many jop appourtuinities for young people. 4- Putting Eineba on the map since the project will be a land mark. 5- When researchers start coming from different cities to the research center Eineba’s people will have an extra income from visitors as affording living spaces, selling products and crafts,...etc.
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APPENDIX
THE JOURNEY
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ONCE UPON TIME IN ASWAN All Photos taken by Author
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CHAPTER XI :
REFERENCES THE END NATRC 91
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Table of Figures Chapter I
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Figure I.1 | Crystalinks.com. (2018). Nubia, Kerma, Kush, Meroe, Black Pharaohs - Crystalinks. [online] Available at: http://www.crystalinks.com/nubia.html
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Figure I.2 | Slideplayer.com. (2018). The Empires of Egypt and Nubia Collide - ppt video online download. [online] Available at: https://slideplayer.com/slide/6073650/
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Figure I.1.1 | Sawe, B. (2018). Abu Simbel Temples - Historic Sites of Egypt. [online] WorldAtlas. Available at: https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/abu-simbel-temples-historic-sites-of-egypt.html
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Figure I.1.2 | Crystalinks.com. (2018). Nubia, Kerma, Kush, Meroe, Black Pharaohs - Crystalinks. [online] Available at: http://www.crystalinks.com/nubia.html
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Figure I.1.3 | Crabben, J. (2018). Map of the New Kingdom of Egypt, 1450 BCE. [online] Ancient History Encyclopedia. Available at: https://www.ancient.eu/image/538/map-of-the-new-kingdom-of-egypt1450-bce/
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Figure I.1.4 | Crystalinks.com. (2018). Nubia, Kerma, Kush, Meroe, Black Pharaohs - Crystalinks. [online] Available at: http://www.crystalinks.com/nubia.html
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Figure I.1.5 | Crystalinks.com. (2018). Nubia, Kerma, Kush, Meroe, Black Pharaohs - Crystalinks. [online] Available at: http://www.crystalinks.com/nubia.html
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Figure I.1.6| Crystalinks.com. (2018). Nubia, Kerma, Kush, Meroe, Black Pharaohs - Crystalinks. [online] Available at: http://www.crystalinks.com/nubia.html
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Figure I.1.7 | Crystalinks.com. (2018). Nubia, Kerma, Kush, Meroe, Black Pharaohs - Crystalinks. [online] Available at: http://www.crystalinks.com/nubia.html
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Figure I.2.1 | Bashari, R. (2014). 100 years of Nubian Misery. [online] Abnelnuba.blogspot.com. Available at: http://abnelnuba.blogspot.com/2010/09/blog-post_12.html
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Figure I.2.2 | Bashari, R. (2014). 100 years of Nubian Misery. [online] Abnelnuba.blogspot.com. Available at: http://abnelnuba.blogspot.com/2010/09/blog-post_12.html
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Figure I.2.3 | Bashari, R. (2014). 100 years of Nubian Misery. [online] Abnelnuba.blogspot.com. Available at: http://abnelnuba.blogspot.com/2010/09/blog-post_12.html
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Figure I.2.4 | Bashari, R. (2014). 100 years of Nubian Misery. [online] Abnelnuba.blogspot.com. Available at: http://abnelnuba.blogspot.com/2010/09/blog-post_12.html
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Figure I.2.5 | Bashari, R. (2014). 100 years of Nubian Misery. [online] Abnelnuba.blogspot.com. Available at: http://abnelnuba.blogspot.com/2010/09/blog-post_12.html
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Figure I.2.6 | Bashari, R. (2014). 100 years of Nubian Misery. [online] Abnelnuba.blogspot.com. Available at: http://abnelnuba.blogspot.com/2010/09/blog-post_12.html
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Figure I.2.7 | Serag, Y. (2013). Nubian Resettlement Challenges Between past memories and present settings. [ebook] Ain Shams University. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321462543_ Nubian_Resettlement_Challenges_Between_past_memories_and_present_settings
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Figure I.2.8 | Serag, Y. (2013). Nubian Resettlement Challenges Between past memories and present settings. [ebook] Ain Shams University. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321462543_ Nubian_Resettlement_Challenges_Between_past_memories_and_present_settings
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Figure I.2.9 | Projectunsettled.com. (2018). UNSETTLED | Histories of Nubian Displacement. [online] Available at: http://projectunsettled.com/puresettlementshistory.html
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Figure I.2.10 | Salem, M. (2010). Change detection studies on the world’s biggest artificial lake (Lake Nasser, Egypt). [ebook] Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science. Available at: https://www. researchgate.net/publication/257498502_Change_detection_studies_on_the_world%27s_biggest_ artificial_lake_Lake_Nasser_Egypt
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Figure I.4.1 | Projectunsettled.com. (2018). UNSETTLED | Histories of Nubian Displacement. [online] Available at: http://projectunsettled.com/puresettlementshistory.html
Chapter II •
Figure II.1.1 | Eneiba land use map, illustrated by (Authors, 2018), Authors (2018), Urban analysis
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Figure II.1.2 | Eneiba land use percentage, illustrated by (Authors, 2018), Authors (2018), Urban analysis
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Figure II.1.3 | Eneiba building height map, illustrated by (Authors, 2018), Authors (2018), Urban analysis
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Figure II.1.4 | Eneiba building height percentage, illustrated by (Authors, 2018), Authors (2018), Urban analysis
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Figure II.1.5 | Eneiba building conditions map, illustrated by (Authors, 2018), Authors (2018), Urban analysis
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Figure II.1.6 | Eneiba building conditions percentage, illustrated by (Authors, 2018), Authors (2018), Urban analysis
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Figure II.1.7 | Eneiba urban fabric map, illustrated by (Authors, 2018), Authors (2018), Urban analysis
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Figure II.1.8 | Eneiba urban pattern map, illustrated by (Authors, 2018), Authors (2018), Urban analysis
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Figure II.1.9 | Serag, Y. (2013). Nubian Resettlement Challenges Between past memories and present settings. [ebook] Ain Shams University. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321462543_ Nubian_Resettlement_Challenges_Between_past_memories_and_present_settings
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Figure II.1.10 | Eneiba solid & void map, illustrated by (Authors, 2018), Authors (2018), Urban analysis
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Figure II.2.1 | Aswan wind frequency. Data source (Ecotect analysis, 2017) illustrated by (Authors, 2018)
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Figure II.2.2 | Aswan wind temperature. Data source (Ecotect analysis, 2017) illustrated by (Authors, 2018)
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Figure II.2.3 | Aswan average relative humidity. Data source (Ecotect analysis, 2017) illustrated by (Authors, 2018)
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Figure II.2.4 | Holiday-weather.com. (2018). Aswan, Egypt Average Annual Weather - Holiday Weather. [online] Available at: https://www.holiday-weather.com/aswan/averages/
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Figure II.2.5 | Holiday-weather.com. (2018). Aswan, Egypt Average Annual Weather - Holiday Weather. [online] Available at: https://www.holiday-weather.com/aswan/averages/
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Figure II.3.1 | Eneiba buildings elevation, illustrated by (Authors, 2018), Authors 2018, Urban analysis
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Figure II.5.1 | Farmlandgrab.org. (2018). farmlandgrab.org |. [online] Available at: https://www.farmlandgrab. org/cat/show/26
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Figure II.5.2 | 2albak.com. (2018). 2albak.com |. [online] Available at: http://www.2albak.com/wp-content/ uploads/bigstock-Hookah-60007451.jpg
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Chapter VI
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Figure VI.1.1 to figure VI.1.20 | Divisare.com. (2007). Behnisch Architekten Institute for Forestry and Nature Research. [online] Available at: https://divisare.com/projects/16701research
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Figure VI.2.1 to figure VI.2.16 | Archdaily.com. (2017). Design Strategy & Research Center / THE_SYSTEM LAB. [online] Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/870370/design-strategy-and-research-center-thesystem-lab
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Figure VI.3.1 to figure VI.3.20 | Archdaily.com. (2012). Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center (CIALE) / Canvas Arquitectos. [online] Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/226090/ciale-vicentenunez-arquitectos
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Figure VI.4.1 to figure VI.4.17 | Archdaily.com. (2015). Research Center ICTA-ICP · UAB / H Arquitectes + DATAAE. [online] Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/636587/research-center-icta-icp-uab-harquitectes-dataae
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Figure VI.4.18 | Architizer.com. (2015). Centre of Scientific Research ICTA-ICP. [online] Available at: https:// architizer.com/projects/centre-of-scientific-research-icta-icp/
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Figure VI.5.1 to figure VI.4.18 | Archdaily.com. (2014). Arizona Western College Community Building And Science + Agriculture Center / Gould Evans. [online] Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/577240/ arizona-western-college-community-building-and-science-agriculture-center-gould-evans
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Figure VI.6.1 to figure VI.4.17 | Repository.tudelft.nl. (2014).A High-Rise agricultural research facility in South Chicago. [online] Available at: https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid%3A9f0a39e42f9d-48c8-aeb7-f16bf3408dda
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CHAPTER X
References
APPENDIX
Chapter I •
Hopkins, N. And Mehanna, S. (2011). Nubian encounters. Cairo: American University in Cairo Press.
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Scudder, T. (2016). Aswan High Dam Resettlement of Egyptian Nubians. Springer Nature.
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Fahim, H. (2009). Community-Health Aspects of Nubian Resettlement in Egypt. [ebook] Available at: http:// digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/anthpubs/ucb/text/kas055_056-007.pdf
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Serag, Y. (2013). Nubian Resettlement Challenges Between past memories and present settings. [ebook] Ain Shams University. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321462543_Nubian_ Resettlement_Challenges_Between_past_memories_and_present_settings
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Encyclopedia Britannica. (2018). Nubia | ancient region, Africa. [online] Available at: https://www.britannica. com/place/Nubia
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Crystalinks.com. (2018). Nubia, Kerma, Kush, Meroe, Black Pharaohs - Crystalinks. [online] Available at: http://www.crystalinks.com/nubia.html
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Encyclopedia Britannica. (2018). Aswan High Dam | dam, Egypt. [online] Available at: https://www. britannica.com/topic/Aswan-High-Dam
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Projectunsettled.com. (2018). UNSETTLED | Histories of Nubian Displacement. [online] Available at: http:// projectunsettled.com/puresettlementshistory.html
Chapter II •
Gallery of Louvre Abu Dhabi / Ateliers Jean Nouvel - 34. (2019). Retrieved from https://www.archdaily. com/883157/louvre-abu-dhabi-atelier-jean-nouvel/5a01c327b22e38b1dc0004fb-louvre-abu-dhabiatelier-jean-nouvel-c-ateliers-jean-nouvel-dome
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Research Center ICTA-ICP · UAB / H Arquitectes + DATAAE. (2019). Retrieved from https://www.archdaily. com/636587/research-center-icta-icp-uab-h-arquitectes-dataae
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Basuna Mosque / Dar Arafa Architecture. (2019). Retrieved from https://www.archdaily.com/915616/ basuna-mosque-dar-arafa-architecture
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Chapter VI •
Archdaily.com. (2017). Design Strategy & Research Center / THE_SYSTEM LAB. [online] Available at: https:// www.archdaily.com/870370/design-strategy-and-research-center-the-system-lab
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Archdaily.com. (2015). Research Center ICTA-ICP · UAB / H Arquitectes + DATAAE. [online] Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/636587/research-center-icta-icp-uab-h-arquitectes-dataae
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Divisare.com. (2007). Behnisch Architekten Institute for Forestry and Nature Research. [online] Available at: https://divisare.com/projects/16701research
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Archdaily.com. (2012). Spanish-Portuguese Agricultural Research Center (CIALE) / Canvas Arquitectos. [online] Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/226090/ciale-vicente-nunez-arquitectos
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Archdaily.com. (2014). Arizona Western College Community Building And Science + Agriculture Center / Gould Evans. [online] Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/577240/arizona-western-collegecommunity-building-and-science-agriculture-center-gould-evans
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Repository.tudelft.nl. (2014).A High-Rise agricultural research facility in South Chicago. [online] Available at: https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid%3A9f0a39e4-2f9d-48c8-aeb7-f16bf3408dda
Chapter VII •
Bates, B. (2013). Designing hostels: spaces promoting positive cultural interaction. 2013
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Barai, S., Hossain, S. and Reddy, M. Planning of the Hostel Complex
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Mathew, P., jose, D., Rajan, D., K, J. and Varghese, T. (2015). Functional planning of an administrative building. [online]. Available from: international journal of engineering research & technology (IJERT)
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Anon. (2000). Greenhouse Production and Management
Chapter VIII
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Egypt 2030. (2011). Egypt 2030 - SDS Egypt 2030. [online] Available at: http://sdsegypt2030.com/?lang=en
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AENews. (2015). Solar Power. [online] Available at: http://www.alternative-energy-news.info/technology/ solar-power/
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Oskam-vf.com. (2016). Compressed Earth Blocks Natural building material. [online] Available at: https:// www.oskam-vf.com/CEBS_living_building_material.html
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