Hydrogen for Community Transport CAVO Community Transport Technology Forum Theatr Felinfach 2 Mawrth/March 2012
Jon Maddy University of Glamorgan jmaddy@glam.ac.uk
Hydrogen Energy R&D in Wales
LCRI Low Carbon Research Institute
PV, Photoelectronics
Marine Energy Sustainable Materials
Energy from Biomass
Marine Energy Power Electronics
Hydrogen, Fuel Cells & AD
Low C built environment Large scale power
So what is it with Hydrogen? Hydrogen can be burned in an internal combustion engine Products are water, heat and Nox Efficiency limited by Carnot cycle (as all combustion engines)
OR........ Hydrogen can be used in a fuel cell Produces electricity by electrochemical recombination of hydrogen and oxygen Efficiency approx. twice that of combustion
Hydrogen and the Low carbon Economy
Hydrogen can play a major role in the transition to a low carbon economy in Wales and globally Used as a transport fuel hydrogen can drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve local air quality
Hydrogen can alleviate some of the problems of intermittency of renewable electricity production
Hydrogen and the Low carbon Economy
To realise this potential, hydrogen must be produced sustainably A number of routes exist, e.g. by electrolysis using renewably generated electricity, or from biomass
Security of supply benefits
Economic Potential of Hydrogen
Massive economic potential in developing the new industries associated with hydrogen energy
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Automotive, power and appliance industries
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Japan targets – 5 million vehicles by 2020, 10GW stationary power
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Germany committed to 1000 hydrogen fuelling stations by 2017
Wales strengths in automotive technology, industrial economy, and natural resources suggest that we too could realise the economic potential of a shift towards clean hydrogen technology. Particularly when there is a significant penetration of renewable energy
University of Glamorgan Hydrogen Activities in South Wales Aberystwyth - BioH2 from Crops Pilot Plant
Pontypridd – BioH2 labs
Merthyr - BioH2 Pilot Plant
H2 from sewage sludge pilot plant Microbial FC research Biocatalysed Electrolysis research H2 Storage & Novel FC Membranes H2 Vehicle Refuelling SOFC Testing AD Upgrading R&D Baglan - H2 Centre
AD Centre
Renewable H2 Systems H2 & CH4 Vehicle Refuelling H2 Engine Testing H2 Economics Infrastructure modelling and development
7 industrial hydrogen production facilities 4 University of Glamorgan R&D Centres
Progress on Biological Hydrogen Production Lab and pilot scale research on continuous biohydrogen production from a range of real feeds, including;
Food wastes
Energy Crops
Sewage sludge
Extending research to prove benefits in energy recovery Reviewing potential biomass resources Investigating feedstock treatments to optimise H2 and CH4 yields Research spans fundamental approaches to immediate pre-commercial CH4 H2
University of Glamorgan Hydrogen Centre The University of Glamorgan’s Renewable Hydrogen Research and Demonstration Centre at Baglan builds on the University’s established research into hydrogen energy The Centre enables further R&D: Hydrogen production from renewables Fuel cell applications Hydrogen energy systems Hydrogen vehicle development & refuelling Economic & Environmental Analysis
But also as a key link for hydrogen and fuel cell business development Link with the Baglan bay Innovation Centre
Hydrogen Vehicle R&D at Baglan
A base for a range of hydrogen vehicle R&D activities, including: Research into hydrogen internal combustion engines
Purpose built hydrogen engine test facility
Hydrogen vehicle drive train modelling Hydrogen vehicle field testing and early fleet deployment Complementary work at University’s Advanced Powertrain Development Facility Photo Source: University of Glamorgan
Source: K Cole GM Jun 2009 / H2Gen
Source: K Cole GM Jun 2009 / H2Gen
Improvement in Vehicle Performance Nissan FCV increase in cruising range
Cruising range (km)
Source: Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Automotive Developments at Glamorgan – Tribrid Fuel Cell Bus Project*
S3
S1
Developed in collaboration with Welsh industry partners
S2
S5
S4
Fuel Cell – Battery – Ultracapacitor Tribrid design Project supported by significant power train modelling and has led to improvements in control and battery technology
Now being upgraded with a view to intercampus transport
*J G Williams
Hydrogen and H2 / CNG Refuelling at Baglan Hydrogen produced on site from Solar PV & electrolysis 350bar compressed H2 as a vehicle fuel Semi-automated H2 fuel dispenser installed by Air Liquide enables a range of hydrogen vehicles to refuel with renewable hydrogen Further compression to 450bar Hydrogen export facility installed
H2/CNG fuel dispenser is also installed will allowing mixtures of up to 40% hydrogen in Natural Gas Biomethane facility to be added as is an electric vehicle recharging point 2nd refueller at Glyntaff Campus installed
Hydrogen and H2/CNG Refuelling: Baglan & Glyntaff
Baglan H2 Centre H2 & CH4 Vehicle Refuelling Renewable H2 export
Biomethane import
Pontypridd (Glyntaff) 350 bar H2 refueller Developed with Air Products
M4 hydrogen highway takes shape Extending hydrogen refuelling along the M4:
Swindon Hydrogen refuelling station at Honda in Swindon (opened September 2011) London H2 refuelling and maintenance facility in Waltham Forest to service 8 fuel cell buses Crucial step up - OEM, Fleet Operator, infrastructure provider and Public partnership Bristol Hydrogen Ferry project imminent
Sources: Air Products, Honda
Contributing to UK H2 Infrastructure Development “Cluster� developments in Scotland, North East, Yorkshire, Midlands, London, Wales and the West Starting to come together to progress activity along major trunk routes and to work with Automotive Sector and fleet users to introduce H2 vehicles
Sources: Air Products, Birmingham University, ITM Power
UK H2 Filling Stations
UK H2 Mobility: A blueprint for hydrogen development in the UK
DfT / OLEV and BIS convened a task group to develop a UK Hydrogen Blueprint (May 2011) High Level Group to identify and stimulate appropriate actions in the UK to promote Hydrogen development Government / Industry MOU- share knowledge and expertise (Jan 2012) Ratcheting of activity of hydrogen in UK :
2011-12 Planning 2012-15 Pre-commercial Deployment 2015 onwards Commercial Deployment
Wales’ Progress on Hydrogen Energy
Jon Maddy University of Glamorgan jmaddy@glam.ac.uk