Site analysis

Mesopotamian civilization, the earliest civilization in the world, originated in Sumer, the valley of Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Here the Kingdom of Babylon was developed. The site is located along the Tigris River, implying "fostering".

When designing the Museum of Islamic Art, I.M. Pei said, "I once tried to seek inspiration from well-known Islamic buildings such as the Kodova Mosque, but eventually I went to Tunisia and Cairo. I was very interested in some local blockhouses, because blockhouses are real secular buildings, a place to live, not a place to worship and pray."

Baghdad has a tropical desert climate. It is cool and rainy in winter, humid, and hot and dry in summer. The average daytime temperature in July and August is 41-43 centigrade, and it can reach 50 centigrade at noon.

The courtyard first appeared in "Birad Sham" in 3000 BC, a country located between the Tigris River and the Euphrates River.

Before long, the courtyard became the basic feature of Islamic architecture. Almost every mosque and traditional residence has a courtyard called sahn. The courtyard is surrounded by rooms or arcades.