Thermodynamic Architecture Prototype

Design of Silo Art Gallery in Qingdao Science and Technology Innovation Zone

The design is based on the actual project Silo Art Gallery in Qingdao Science and Innovation Zone, which is located in the largest industrial cluster along the Jiaozhou Bay in Qingdao. It is a place for future innovation of digital technology and contemporary art in the city, trying to create an art landmark in Qingdao. The design is to build a new type of art museum based on the silos left over from the alkali factory. By implanting a thermodynamic architectural prototype study, the design expects to create a thermodynamic architectural sample with local climate, fusing industrial heritage and contemporary functions.

Thermodynamic Building Design

Group work(Group leader)

Feat:Yichen Wang,Rui Qian

80% concept development

100% software simulation

100% graphic (in the portfolio)

June,2022

Shandong, China

Instructors:Linxue Li (lilinxue@tongji.edu.cn)

William W. Branham(Director, Center for Environment Building & Design, University of Pennsylvania)

Site and environment

Qingdao is located in the transition zone between the subtropical zone and the temperate zone, with both monsoon climate and marine climate characteristics. Winter lasts the longest. The temperature rises slowly in spring and summer, lasting for a long time. Summer is shorter. Autumn is the shortest.The base is located in an urban area under development, which will be planned as a science and technology innovation zone in the future.

Ventilation theory

Psychrometric chart, Comfort zone, Wind rose

Prototype key words - carving

Organize the building space by subtraction and passively adjust the thermal comfort of the building

Stacking Carving

Ventilation

Carving and air flow

Building Horizontal ventilation

Building openings and wind pressure

Addition, unit superposition of functional block

Public space: high openness, difficult to cope with adverse climate

Small and independent functional space organization

Passive regulation: horizontal air pressure ventilation

Large shape coefficient

Subtraction, leave empty according to light and ventilation organization

Public space: controllable climate boundary, better thermal comfort

Giant building, large volume, great depth, high functional relevance

Passive adjustment: vertical hot pressure ventilation

Small shape coefficient

Vertical ventilation Horizontal and vertical ventilation

Solar Radiation

Carving and solar angle

Ventilation inlets and outlets are set on the lower floors, which makes it difficult to regulate the hot air inside the building located on the higher floors.

The ventilation inlet and outlet are set on the higher floors, which can distribute the hot air, but the natural wind is difficult to circulate in the building.

Air inlet is set in lower floors and air outlet is set in higher floors, which can make air flow efficiently inside the building and adjust thermal comfort.

In autumn and winter, take the 45 ° vertical solar angle as an example to analyze the relationship between solar radiation and space.

When the depth of the building is large and the windows cannot meet the sunshine demand of the building, more natural light will be introduced into the building through the vertical height space, and the solar radiation energy will be fully used in cold seasons.

Energy Conservation

Carving and shape coefficient

When the shape coefficient increases by 0.01, the energy consumption index will increase by about 2.5%

Larger objects have smaller S/V (surface area increases by a factor of 2, whereas volume increases by a factor of 3)

Juxtaposed objects have smaller s/v (There is no energy loss between units, and the arrayed units reduce the surface area exposed to the environment)

Carving and unconditioned zone

As the windward side in spring and summer, the southeast side can be designed as an adjustable open public space.

Space with low thermal comfort demand can be set in the northwest, such as equipment room or storage room.

Surface-to-Volume Ratio (S/V)

The south side receives the most solar radiation energy, and some non air conditioning areas can be set as required.

Combination of units

"Connected" direct connected combination

"Side by side" interaction combination

General layout

Based on the analysis and simulation of the prototype, the design takes "carving" as the main design idea, hoping to carve out the path of the wind inside the building. On this basis, the space is divided into two states: "Empty" and "Enclosed". "Empty" refers to the space that allows air to flow. The functional definition prefers the space with strong publicity. The interface has two states of opening and closing, while "Enclosed" refers to the indoor space with clear boundaries. The functional definition prefers independent exhibition halls. After the overall relationship and space state are clarified, the functional space will be implanted into the whole system and improved to achieve better integration and improvement of building functions, energy conservation and passive comfort.

Main roads

Main airflow

The whole gallery is divided into two parts. Part 1 uses a large public space as the main exhibition hall, surrounded by sub exhibition halls. The principle of hot pressure ventilation is practiced in the main exhibition hall. Part 2 transforms the old building into a Chinese Memory Museum, takes the bottom of the silo as the exhibition hall, and combines the upper part of the silo to create an immersive exhibition hall. Part 1 and Part 2 are connected by the sun corridor.