Bscience report light integration

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contents 1.0 introduction 1.1 objective 1.2 site analysis 1.3 floor plans 1.4 sections 1.5 SUN SHADING DIAGRAM 1.6 LIGHTING STRATEGIES

2.0 lighting analysis 2.1 LIST OF FORMULAS 2.2 LIGHT READING AREA 2.2.1 DAYLIGHT FACTOR CALCULATION 2.2.2 ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING CALCULATION 2.2.3 PSALI 2.3 COFFEE CAFE 2.3.1 ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING CALCULATION

3.0 REFERENCES

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1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT 1. TO DESIGN SPACES THAT INTEGRATE BOTH NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING 2. UNDERSTAND THE MECHANISM OF ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING AND DAYLIGHT STRATEGIES (PSALI) 3. TO INTEGRATE DAYLIGHTING STRATEGIES SUCH AS PSALI INTO THE FINAL DESIGN

1.2 SITE ANALYSIS

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SOUTH KLANG IS AN AREA THAT IS RICH WITH CULTURE AND HISTORY DATING BACK TO THE BRITISH COLONISATION. IT IS ONE OF THE OLDEST TOWN IN THE WHOLE OF KALNG VALLEY AS IT USED TO BE A TIN MINING TOWN. IT IS SAD TO SAY THAT NOW SOUTH KLANG’S UNIQUE CULTURE IS UNDER-APPRECIATED BY LOCALS AS WELL AS VISITORS. IT IS A DYING TOWN AND THE CONDITIONS HAS WORSEN DUE TO THE OPENINGS OF NEW TOWNSHIPS SUCH AS SHAH ALAM AND KUALA LUMPUR. JALAN BESAR NOW HAS BEEN DEGRADED INTO BEING FAMOUS FOR JUST THEIR FOOD CULTURE.

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SITE PLAN NOT TO SCALE

SITE 3




1.3 FLOOR PLANS

SPACE B

GROUND FLOOR PLAN SCALE 1:200

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SPACE A

FIRST FLOOR PLAN SCALE 1:200

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SECOND FLOOR PLAN SCALE 1:200

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ROOF PLAN SCALE 1:200

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1.4 SECTIONS

SHORT SECTION SCALE 1:200

SHORT SECTION SCALE 1:200

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1.5 SUN SHADING DIAGRAM N

at 9am, the east facade of library receives the most morning natural lighting. the fire staircase & service spaces located at the back acts as shading from direct glare into the spaces.

9:00 AM

15 May

7:18 PM

7:03 AM

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S 1:00 PM

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at 1pm, the light passes through the roof glazing of the library all the way down to the ground floor which illuminates the courtyard and top floor spaces.

7:18 PM

7:03 AM

15 May

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at 6pm, the natural light passes through the front facade to the spaces inside. the perforated brick facade provides shading from direct glare and also provides a certain mood to the spaces.

6:00 PM

15 May

7:18 PM

7:03 AM

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1.6 LIGHTING STRATEGIES

ROOF GLAZING SITUATED ON STRATEGIC AREA ON THE ROOF PROVIDES NATURAL LIGHT TO ENTER AND BRIGHTEN THE LIBRARY SPACES ON THE UPPER FLOORS.

OPEN CORE ALLOWS NATURAL LIGHT ENTERING FROM ROOF TO GROUND FLOOR, LIGHTENING UP THE SPACES IN EACH FLOOR AND COURTYARD. DESIGN OF FRONT FACADE ALSO ALLOWS NATURAL LIGHT TO FILL THE SPACES AT THE FRONT OF THE BUILDING. THIS PROVIDES SUFFICIENT NATURAL LIGHTING THROUGHOUT THE BUILDING. 10




2.0 LIGHTING ANALYSIS 2.1 LIST OF FORMULAS DAYLIGHT FACTOR Average Daylight Factor is used to determine the adequacy of daylight for the library, following the given formula:

ROOM INDEX, RI ROOM INDEX, K IS REQUIRED IN ORDER TO OBTAIN THE UF VALUE, THE FORMULA IS AS FOLLOWS:

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LUMEN METHOD,N Lumen method is a simplified method to calculate the light level in a room. The method is a series of calculations that uses horizontal illuminance criteria to establish a uniform luminaire layout in a space. The formula is as follows:

MAXIMUN SPACING BETWEEN FITTINGS, SMAX

- FOR FLUORESCENT TUBES IN DIFFUSING LUMINARIES : S MAX = 1.5 X HM

- FOR FILAMENT LAMPS (BLUBS) IN DIRECT LUMINAIRIES : S MAX = 1.0 X HM S MAX = HM =

MAXIMUM HORIZONTAL SPACING BETWEEN FITTINGS MOUNTED HEIGHT OF FITTING ABOVE THE WORKING PLANE

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2.2 SPACE A - LIGHT READING AREA 2.2.1 DAYLIGHT FACTOR CALCULATION

SPACE A daylight contour of light reading area at 1pm (not to scale)

floor area, a (m²)

10m x 6.6m = 66m²

area of window, w (m²)

4m x 4.5m = 18m²

total internal surface area, a (m²)

2(4 x 6.6) + 2(10 x 4) + 2(6.6 x 10) = 264.8m²

average reflectance, r

0.5

glass transmittance, t

0.6

visible sky angle, θ°

74°

average daylight factor, df

(18/264.8) x [(0.6 x 74)/(1-0.5)] = 6%

the average daylighting factor of space a is 6% which according to the ms1525 is considered to be “good”. artificial lighting is still required to brighten up some area of the space further from the window.

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2.2.2 artificial lighting calculation lighting fixture properties TYPE OF FIXTURE

RECESSED light

IMAGE OF FIXTURE

PRODUCT MODEL

PHILIPS LED BULB

DIMENSIONS

60mm x 100mm

TYPE OF LUMINOUS

soft white

LUMINOUS FLUX, f

1600lm

POWER

14.5w

COLOUR TEMPERATURE

2700k

COLOUR RENDERING INDEX

80 14

room index calculation room dimension (l x w)

10m x 6.6m = 66m²

height of room

4m

height of working plane, m

1m

mounting height, hm

4m - 1m = 3m

ROOM INDEX, ri (k)

RI = (10 x 6.6) / 3(10 + 6.6) = 1.3 ≃ 1.5

lumen method calculation lux required, e

150lux

floor area, a (m²)

10m x 6.6m = 66m²

LUMINOUS FLUX, f

1600lm

utilisation factor, uf

0.59

maintenance factor, mf

0.8

number of lamps required, n

n = (e x a) / (f x uf x mf) = (150 x 66) / (1600 x 0.59 x 0.8) = 13 ≃ 14

maximum spacing between fittings, smax

smax = 1.0 x 3 = 3m 15

 

reflected ceiling plan with lighting layout (scale 1:200)

switch a switch b switch c

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2.2.3 permanent supplementary artificial lighting of interior (psali) psali is the method of placing luminaries which allows maximum utilisation of daylight, with the electrical lighting used to supplement the daylight in the interior parts of the room. the need to switch on certain lights depend on the brightness of the daylight for the interior space, hence having different switches for different rows of lights.

switch c and switch b will be on during the morning, afternoon and cloudy days.

at night, switch a and switch c will be on to light up the space. equally distributed lights will light up the space evenly. during this time, switch be is off to minimise energy use.

switch c will be on at all times as the inner space does not have natural lighting and is always shaded.

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2.3 space b - coffee cafe 2.3.1 artificial lighting calculation

SPACE B daylight contour of coffee cafe at 1pm (not to scale)

lighting fixture properties TYPE OF FIXTURE

recessed dimmable light

image of fixture

PRODUCT MODEL

PHILIPS LED BULB

DIMENSIONS

71mm x 134mm

TYPE OF LUMINOUS

warm glow

LUMINOUS FLUX, f

2700lm

POWER

18w

COLOUR TEMPERATURE

2700k

COLOUR RENDERING INDEX

80 18

room index calculation room dimension (l x w)

10m x 8,45m = 84.5m²

height of room

5m

height of working plane, m

1m

mounting height, hm

5m - 1m = 4m

ROOM INDEX, ri (k)

RI = (10 x 8.45) / 4(10 + 8.45) = 1.15 ≃ 1.25

lumen method calculation lux required, e

150lux

floor area, a (m²)

10m x 8.45m = 84.5m²

LUMINOUS FLUX, f

2700lm

utilisation factor, uf

0.55

maintenance factor, mf

0.8

number of lamps required, n

n = (e x a) / (f x uf x mf) = (150 x 84.5) / (2700 x 0.55 x 0.8) = 10.67 ≃ 10

maximum spacing between fittings, smax

smax = 1.0 x 4 = 4m 19

 

reflected ceiling plan with lighting layout

reflected ceiling plan ground floor scale 1:200

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section with light fittings

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3.0 references Indoor Luminaires. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.lighting.philips.com.my/prof/indoor-luminaires#pfpath=0CINDOOR_GR MRKextreme Follow. (2015, May 26). Lighting architecture lecture 2. Retrieved from https:// www.slideshare.net/MRKextreme/lighting-architecture-lecture-2 (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.msonline.gov.my/default.php Daylighting Performance and Design. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://books.google.com.my/books? hl=en&lr=&id=RBMHD5Wk6LwC&oi=fnd&pg=IA1&dq=daylighting performance and lighting ander g&ots=sxWNZn6qdR&sig=IiYswU1FmDpD-_aM0qyMnegJtNU#v=onepage&q=daylighting performance and lighting ander g&f=false

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