The Vocabulary of Value
Introduction to Value Relationships Descriptive Uses of Value
Art Fundamentals
Expressive Uses of Value
Chiaroscuro Tenebrism Printmaking Techniques and Value
Decorative Value Compositional Functions of Value Value Patterns Open and Closed Compositions
Chapter 5 Value
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS Value I. The relative degree of light or dark. 2. The characteristic of color determined by light or dark or the quantity of reflected by the color. ď Ž
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS
achromatic (value) Relating to differences of light and dark The absence of hue and its intensity.
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS
cast shadow
The dark area that occurs on a surface as a result of something being placed between that surface and a light source.
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS ď Ž
Chiaroscuro (Chiaroscuro means light and dark in Italian.)
I. Distribution of light and dark in a picture. 2. A technique of representation that blends light and shade gradually to create the illusion of three-dimensional objects in space or atmosphere.
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS
chromatic (value)
The value (relative degree of lightness or darkness) demonstrated by a given color.
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS
closed-value composition
Composition in which values are limited by the edges or boundaries of shapes.
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS
decorative (value)
Ornamenting or enriching but, more importantly in art, stressing the twodimensional nature of an artwork or any of its elements. Decorative art emphasizes the essential flatness of a surface.
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS
high-key value
A value that has a level of middle gray or lighter.
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS
high-key value A value that has a level of middle gray or lighter.
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS
highlight
The portion of an object that, from the observer's position, receives the greatest amount of direct light.
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS
local value The relative light and dark of a surface, seen in the objective world, that is independent of any effect created by the degree of light falling on it.
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS
low-key value
Any value that has a level of middle gray or darker.
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS
open-value composition
Composition in which values cross over shape boundaries into adjoining areas.
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS ď Ž
plastic (value) I. The use of the elements to create the illusion of the third dimension on a twodimensional surface. 2. Three-dimensional qualities of art forms, such as architecture, sculpture, and ceramics, are enhanced by value.
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS
shadow, shade, shading
The darker value on the surface of an object that gives the illusion that a piece of it is turned away from or obscure the source of light.
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS
shallow space
The illusion of limited depth. With shallow space, the imagery moves on slight distance back from the picture plane.
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS
Tenebrism
(Tenebroso or tenebrism is an Italian word, meaning dark and gloomy.)
A technique of painting that exaggerate or emphasizes the effects of chiaroscuro.
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS
Tenebrism
Larger amounts of dark value are placed close to smaller areas of highly contrasting lights—which change suddenly—in order to concentrate attention on important features.
THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS
value pattern
The arrangement or organization of values that control compositional movement and create a unifying effect throughout a work of art.
Introduction to VALUE Relationships ď Ž
The success of an artwork can be greatly enhanced by an artist who makes good use of lights and darks.
Introduction to VALUE Relationships ď Ž
In Art, Lights and Darks are referred to as VALUE.
Introduction to VALUE Relationships
ACHROMATIC values consisting of white, black, and grays. Other terms used for value include TONE, BRIGTNESS, and COLOR.
Introduction to VALUE Relationships
In Art, Lights and Darks are referred to as VALUE.
ACHROMATIC values consisting of white, black, and grays.
Other terms used for value include TONE, BRIGTNESS, and COLOR.
Introduction to VALUE Relationships
The VALUE SCALE
Low-key values High-key values
The key selected sets the mood of the work.
Introduction to VALUE Relationships
Introduction to VALUE Relationships ď Ž
Value can be created by placing lines of the same or different qualities alongside or across each other to produce generalized areas of value.
Introduction to VALUE Relationships
Value applied will create distinguishable shapes. Shadows and Highlight Abstract textures
Ex. Delicately drawn lines created values.
Introduction to VALUE Relationships ď Ž
The degree of Line Concentration indicates value of the subject.
Introduction to VALUE Relationships ď Ž
The degree of Line Concentration indicates value of the subject.
Introduction to VALUE Relationships
CHROMATIC VALUE
The lightness and darkness of a color.
Descriptive Uses of VALUE
Creating objects, shapes and space.
Local VALUES Naturally occurring values.
Descriptive qualities Psychological, Emotional, and Dramatic expressions.
Descriptive Uses of VALUE ď Ž
ď Ž
Objects cannot receive light from all directions at the same time. A solid object gets more light from one side than another because that side is closer to the light source.
Descriptive Uses of VALUE
Objects cannot receive light from all directions at the same time. Spherical surface Even flow Intersecting planes Sudden contrast
Descriptive Uses of VALUE
Spherical surface Even flow Intersecting planes Sudden contrast
Descriptive Uses of VALUE
CAST SHADOWS – Dark areas that occur on an object or a surface when a shape is placed between it and the light source.
Descriptive Uses of VALUE
Descriptive Uses of VALUE
CHIAROSCURO
Giving emphasis to light and shadow.
Expressive Uses of Values
Balance between light and dark. Dark Atmosphere of gloom, mystery, drama or menace. Light Opposite
Expressive Uses of Values ď Ž
Lights and shadows exist in nature as the byproducts of strictly physical laws.
Expressive Uses of Values
Dark Atmosphere of gloom, mystery, drama or menace. Light Opposite
Expressive Uses of Values ď Ž
Artists must adjust and take liberties with lights and shadows to create their own visual language.
CHIAROSCURO ď Ž
ď Ž
Technique of representation that makes forceful use of contrasting lights and darks. To create the illusion that the objects are surrounded on all sides by space.
CHIAROSCURO
Leonardo da Vinci Mona Lisa 1503-06 Exploring chiaroscuro SFUMATO – Soft blending and subtle transitions from light to dark.
TENEBRISM
Extreme chiaroscuro! Dark Manner of painting Rembrandt VALUE an instrument in the characteristic exaggeration of Baroque painting.
TENEBRISM
Peculiarities of lighting The way lighting affected mood or emotional expression. Implied light sources in unexpected locations.
Printmaking Techniques and Value
Neglect representation of natural light. Middle Eastern and East Asian art forms. Print making techniques:
Intaglio – metal plates Woodcut - wood Lithography – limestone Screen printing – silk
Decorative Value
Ignore conventional light sources or neglect representation of light. Multiple light sources tend to:
Flatten object surface. Neutralize the plastic qualities of objects
Compositional Functions of Value ď Ž
Shallow Space ď Ž
Advancing and Receding characteristics of value.
Value Patterns
Thumbnail sketches.
Small scale preliminary value studies. Quickly explore compositional variations before selecting a final solution.
Open and Closed Compositions ď Ž
CLOSED-VALUE Values are limited by the edges or boundaries of shapes.
Open and Closed Compositions ď Ž
OPEN-VALUE Values can cross over shape boundaries into adjoining areas.
Art Fundamentals Chapter 5 Value End