ASU – Ain Shams University Faculty of Engineering Department of Architectural Engineering ARC 122: History & Theory of Architecture Fall 2017 Instructor: Dr. Yasser Mahgoub
Lecture 1 - Introduction
History – Theory - Design History
Design
Theory
History – Theory - Design • What is the relationship between: –History –Theory –Design
History
Design
Theory
History
Theory Design
Architectural Styles Evolutionary Tree This is a brief coverage of the development of architectural styles throughout history using a timeline to provide a better visual overview.
Antiquity Architecture
Giza Pyramids
Stone Henge
Petra
Abu Simbel Temple
Islamic Architecture
Mecca
Muhamad Ali Mosque
Dome of the Rock
Al Hambra
Wikalat Al Ghuri
Sultan Hassan
Architecture of the Late 20th Century
Frank Gehry
Shtutgart Museum
Mario Botta
Peter Eisenman
Zaha Hadi
Tado Ando
Renzo Piano
Jean Nouvel
Architecture of the early 21st Century
Cybertecture Nano Materials
Sustainable Architecture
Parametric Design
Architectural Theory
Architectural Theory • Architectural theory is the act of thinking, discussing, and writing about architecture.
thinking
discussing
writing
Architectural Theory
Architectural Theory Some forms that architecture theory takes are: • lecture or dialogue, • treatise or book, • paper • project • competition entry.
Architectural Theory • Books, magazines, and journals published an unprecedented number of works by architects and critics in the 20th century.
Architectural Theory • As a result, styles and movements formed and dissolved much more quickly than the relatively enduring modes in earlier history.
Architectural Theory • It is to be expected that the use of the internet will further the discourse on architecture in the 21st century.
Architecture and Architect
The Architect !
The Context of Architecture
Earth Climate Ecology Resources
Natural Environment
Human Environment Individual Groups Psychological Social Cultural
Individual
Built Environment Cities Neighborhoods Buildings Interior Spaces
What is Architecture? A good definition was provided by the Roman architect VITRUVIUS in the 1st century AD in the first of his famous collection “Ten Books on Architecture�.
What is Architecture? Vitruvius said that architecture was a building that incorporated: Utilitas ... Firmitas ‌ Venustas Commodity ... Firmness ... Delight Utility ... Structure ... Attractive
Use ... Construction ‌ Appearance Function ... Technology ... Aesthetic
The Difference Between Architecture and Building
Any Building ≠Architecture Architecture = Design BEFORE Building
Architecture is DESIGNED Buildings, Spaces and Environments. According to Human Needs Using Technology and Science, With Aesthetic Qualities.
What is Design? • DESIGN is a both – a verb (to design) & – a noun (a design).
• DESIGN is both – a process & – a product
• The process of designing and product that is designed.
What is Design? • DESIGN is an activity aiming at the production of a plan of action which if executed is expected to lead to a situation with certain desired characteristics and without unforeseen and undesired side and after effects.
Impact of Design on Cost Implications
Thank You.