Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Tall Building Middle East Conference 19 – 22 June 2011 Doha, Qatar.

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall Creating Distinctive Landmark Developments Dr. Yasser

Qa College o Department of Architecture and Ur

Contents • Introduction • Trends and Future of Vertical Structures in the Middle East.

• Key aspects of tall buildings design: Scale, Shape and Context.

• Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall.

• Towards Sustainable Tall Buildings.

• Creating Commercially and Culturally Viable Buildings.

• Conclusions

Future City Images

Tall Buildings

Digital Community

Future City Image Tall Buildings

Smart Transportation

Future City Image Transportation

Tall Buildings

Branding

Image

Future City Image Environment

Tall Buildings

Transportation

Trends and Future of Vertical Structures in the Middle East • Tall Buildings, in name and social function, is a modern expression of the age-old symbol of a pillar that connects earth to heaven and the four compass directions to one another.

Shibam, Yemen

Giza Pyramids, Egypt

Mayan temples in Tikal, Guatamala

Trends and Future of Vertical Structures in the Middle East • Western Vs Middle East Tall Buildings Trends: From Chicago and New York to Dubai, Riyadh, Kuwait and Abu Dhabi.

The Willis Tower, Chicago

John Hancock, Chicago

Burj Khalifa, Dubai

Capital gate, Abu Dhabi

Trends and Future of Vertical Structures in the Middle East • Western Vs Middle East Tall Buildings Trends: From Chicago and New York to Dubai, Riyadh, Kuwait and Abu Dhabi.

Burgan Tower, Kuwait

Burj Qatar, Doha

The Empire State, NY

Chrysler Building, NY

Trends and Future of Vertical Structures in the Middle East • The construction of tall buildings emerged as a feasible economic solution to provide more spaces in dense old cities such as Chicago and NY.

Trends and Future of Vertical Structures in the Middle East • Tall buildings in the Middle East often carries a connotation of pride and achievement.

Burj Khalifa, Dubai

World's Biggest Clock in Mecca

Trends and Future of Vertical Structures in the Middle East • Tall buildings in emerging cities of the Middle East are statements of modernity, globalization and economic prosperity.

Trends and Future of Vertical Structures in the Middle East • Tall buildings in emerging cities of the Middle East are statements of modernity, globalization and economic prosperity.

Trends and Future of Vertical Structures in the Middle East • The emerging cities of The Middle East and GCC countries will continue to be the target for designing and construction of Tall and Supertall buildings during the next few decades.

Future Plan Of Dubai

Future Plan Of al-Madinah

Trends and Future of Vertical Structures in the Middle East • According to the CTBUH, one quarter of the world's future tallest building projects will be based within the Middle East region, specifically Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Dubai and Abu Dhabi.

The Pearl, Doha

King Abdullah Financial District, Riyadh

Image and Branding • Supertall buildings are statements of economic, technological and globalization status. • They are the "brand" of success and achievement.

Technology and Expertise • Supertall buildings depend on experienced consultants to provide the necessary expertise to design these structures. • Unlike medium or small size projects that can be designed by young and small size firms, Supertall designs must be done by experienced international consultants.

Key Aspects of Tall Buildings Design • A mixture of expensive materials, a range of surface treatments in terms of environmental control, arbitrary expression of internal functions and range of forms, and a lack of cohesion.

Doha

Dubai

Kuwait

Key Aspects of Tall Buildings Design • Access: For people and vehicles. • Aesthetics: Not just to be tall, but to be aesthetically interesting.

Key Aspects of Tall Buildings Design • Challenges: • Challenges that design teams must address include the physical structure, its visual impact and the building’s performance in use.

• Cost: • Initial and Life Cycle Cost.

Key Aspects of Tall Buildings Design • Energy Consumption: • Applying Green and Sustainability strategies reduces the extensive level of energy consumption of tall buildings.

• Environment and Climatic Conditions: • Tall buildings must respond to both macro and micro climatic conditions.

Key Aspects of Tall Buildings Design • Flexibility, Recycling and Reuse: • Tall buildings that don't achieve their economic goals should be flexible enough to be converted to other functions and uses.

• Functional and Technical Requirements: • Supertall buildings host multiple functions with conflicting technical requirements.

Key Aspects of Tall Buildings Design • Life Cycle Cost Analysis: All design decisions including materials, systems, equipment, etc. should be selected according to LCCA studies.

• Lifting and Elevator Technology: Lifting is key to dictating how large a tower can be.

• Lighting: both interior (day and night) and exterior (night).

Key Aspects of Tall Buildings Design • Maintenance and Facility Management requirements: • Especial conditions of temperature, dust and humidity in ME region.

• Market and Feasibility Studies: • Tens of empty and unfinished tall buildings found in emerging cities indicate absence of planning and proper market and feasibility studies.

Key Aspects of Tall Buildings Design • • • •

Materials: Selection of construction and finishing materials.

Modeling and Testing: Improved BIM and wind tunnels testing addressing the geometric properties of the building and the façade and shape issues.

Key Aspects of Tall Buildings Design • Parking: • Supertall buildings generate traffic and parking requirements beyond expectation.

• People: • The design should provide a ground level connectivity for people and possibilities for social interaction between its occupants and visitors.

Key Aspects of Tall Buildings Design • Pre and Post Occupancy Building Evaluation Studies: • Lessons should be learned from existing Supertall buildings by conducting scientific research using POE and BPE studies. These study allows us to predict performance of future tall buildings.

Key Aspects of Tall Buildings Design • Safety and Security: • Escape routes and technologies in cases of emergency and disasters.

• Stakeholders: • Client, Architect, Engineer, Building Services Consultants, Construction Team and Suppliers of Construction Materials and Systems.

Key Aspects of Tall Buildings Design • Sustainability: Environmental, Economic and SocioCultural.

• Systems Integration: Mechanical, Structural, Electrical, Conveying, etc.

Key Aspects of Tall Buildings Design • The Urban Context and Fabric: • The impact of adjacent buildings and projects both current and future expectations should be considered.

• Also, the impact of the proposed design on adjacent buildings and urban-scapes should be considered.

Key Aspects of Tall Buildings Design • View: • View "from" and "to" the building at different heights and from different locations should be carefully studied.

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall • City Skyline: • The change city skyline is one of the most important elements that is affected by tall buildings. Their height , density, forms, materials, style, and uniqueness constitute a unique image and identity of the city.

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Doha skyline 2011

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Doha Skyline Development

Doha skyline, 1960

Doha skyline, 2005

Doha skyline 2007

Doha skyline 2010

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Shaping the Skyline by Building Tall

Towards Sustainable Tall Buildings. • Tall buildings can help create awareness of our lifestyles and patterns of consumption negative impacts on the environment.

Towards Sustainable Tall Buildings. • Tall buildings make a big, visible public statements of sustainability; i.e. incorporation of wind turbines, green facades and roofs, cultural references and materials selection.

Creating Commercially and Culturally Viable Buildings • With 800 tower projects expected to be completed over the next decade in the Middle East, it is important to retain a sense of cultural identity and heritage.

Creating Commercially and Culturally Viable Buildings • This can be achieved by developing projects with a sense of community, based on modern urban living concepts where traditional Arabic architecture is combined with sophisticated technologies that enable a sustainable outcome. • Future generations might judge our tall building strategies as fashion and branding.

Think • The trend to construct tall buildings may be driven both by pragmatism and by desire for distinction.

• When it comes to building tall structures, the physical construction of the building is not particularly difficult.

• We could be keep building floor after floor until we reach the moon.

Realize

Whilst technology may enable us to build tall, the fundamental question is should we continue to

!

build tall

THANK YOU