YUNQI WEI B.ARCH, SOUTHEAST UNIVERSITY, NANJING, CHINA, 2013-2018 M.ARCH CANDIDATE ,UC BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA, US, 2019-2021
CONTENTS ARCHITECTURE
01
STRUCTURE AS SPACE
1
Swimming Pool Renovation
02
DATA IN SPACE
9
Research on User Behavior Based on IPS
03
OPEN STAGE
04
RHYTHM
19
Community Gym 27
Sports Center Design
URBAN DESIGN/RESEARCH
05
NEO-COLLECTIVISM
06
REVIVAL OF RIVER
29
Re-imagination of the Living Quarters of Meishan Ironworks 41
Urban Design in Dujiangyan, Sichuan
PROFESSIONAL WORK
07
REVIVING COMMUNITY Adaptive Reuse of Abandoned Community Garbage House
OTHER WORK
43
01 STRUCTURE AS S PACE SWIMMING POOL RENOVATION AND EXPANSION Spring 2016, Studio Project Instructor: Bing Xia, Yiming Guo Site: Nanjing, China Individual Work
The design task of this project is to transform an abandoned open-air swimming pool into a natatorium, and we have to overlap space upon the big swimming pool due to the limited space, which brings about the structural obstacle. This obstacle gave me a hint that I must create an elegant structure to hold a sharing space. In this project, I am trying to discuss the relationship between space and structure, how they strengthen each other, and the possibility that structure, as one of the most fundamental elements of architecture, serves as the reason instead of the consequence of the space.
1
Because of the strict limitation of the site boundary, there must be some programs being overlapped upon the swimming pool. This obstacle gave a strong hint that an elegant structure must be create to hold an open, sharing space. In the search for a concise, strong and elegant structure, I come back to the origin, where architecture demonstrates itself not in its ornamentation but in its true underlying fundamentals. The Primitive Hut shows itself as a strong prototype, in which structure, as one of the most fundamental elements of architecture, serves as the reason instead of the consequence of the space.
GYMCAFE OFFICE
SWIMMING STORAGE
MMING
SW I GYM
CAFE OFFICE
2
[Vertical Load & Lateral Resistance Analysis]
Testing Force = 10kN Maximum Equivalent Stress
Testing Force = 10kN Maximum Z Axis Deformation
Testing Force = 100kN Maximum X Axis Deformation
F = 0.263MPa
D = 0.278mm
D = 2.678mm
F = 0.199MPa
D = 0.181mm
D = 3.576mm
F = 0.121MPa
D = 0.122mm
D = 2.695mm
F = 0.629MPa
D = 0.518mm
D = 2.192mm
F = 0.259MPa
D = 0.258mm
D = 3.241mm
When the length to height ratio of the triangle unit becomes smaller, the capacity of loading resistance become stronger, while lateral resistance becomes weaker. The test results are showing that when we pull away the outer angle of the triangle, the structure is optimized. And the lateral resistance is getting stronger when moving down the center point of the structure unit.
3
[Structure Generation]
juxtaposing several structure units to create space
optimizing the structure to reduce the displacement
adjusting the structure according to different city interface (main road & community)
strengthen the transversal connection and make it possible for space to involve in
adding underground beam to hold the whole structure
using the gravity of the water in swimming pool to providing the pulling force for the feet of the triangle
4
5
10
25
50m
+0.450m
1F PLAN
[Sharing Space] The swimming pool and the platform on both sides are sharing the whole space creating by those tetrahedrons. There are sometimes, you are immersed in the shock of the space and the massive structures, while other times, you lean against the huge columns, feeling its scale and watching the Freshmen Swimming Competition below. Structure expresses itself as space.
+4.500m
+6.700m
2F PLAN
6
7
8
9
02
DATA IN SPACE
RESEARCH ON USER BEHAVIOR PATTERN BASED ON INDOOR POSITIONING SYSTEM Spring 2018, Final Project Instructor: Li Li, Gang Yu Collaborator: Siyi Dai, Yiyang Wang Contribution: Coding 100%, Graphics 40% Excellent Undergraduate Thesis Award
Key words: Indoor Positioning Technology; Data Acquisition; Data Mining; User Behavior Patterns. As there is a trend for public buildings of being integrated and large-scaled, design problems become more and more comprehensive, and the insufficiency of tradi tional experience-based architectural design methods are increasingly evident. Indoor positioning technology (IPS) can record people's indoor activities and behaviors, to achieve quantitative analysis and provide a basis for design. In this study, UWB indoor positioning technology was adopted to monitor the using status of library reading room and collect data of user behaviors. At the same time, a series of survey is conducted to collect personal information of the users and the wireless sensor network is used to collect real-time data of building physical environment. Through the process of data mining, the study tries to explore the potential relationship between physical environmental properties, user characteristics, and user behavior patterns and a feasible advice for the improvement of the indoor design. The research process involves the complete flow from data acquisition to data mining and is a systematic attempt to apply user behavior analysis technology to the field of architectural design.
10
Site: library reading-room in Southeast University Duration: May/10/18 - May/27/18
[Work Flow]
11
[Device Set-up & Data Acquisition] The UWB positioning device is mainly composed of tags and several base stations. The tags are used to track people’s position and communicates with the base station through the high-frequency very short pulses. In the experiment, tags are handed out to users to acquire their positioning information; the base stations are set up at a fixed position in the space, They are used to receive the very short pulses sent by tags. According to the TOA (Time of Arrival) positioning algorithm, the distance from each tag to the base stations can be measured in real time. During the data collection period, the research team’s task included: distributing the positioning tags, inviting users to complete questionnaires, visualizing data in real time, monitoring daily database conditions , cleaning invalid data, etc.
User Participation Process:
12
[Positioning Data Visualization & Analysis]
each tag in one day
Receiving data packdges from positioning system through UDP
13
unpackaging data into tables in MySQL database
daily selected seats
seats preference distribution
daily trace
circulation density distribution
average attendance at each hour
ATTENDANCE
hour-attendance bar graph
120 100 80 9:00AM
11:00AM
1:00PM
60 40 20
3:00PM
5:00PM
7:00PM
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 TIME
In the 18 days, we received a total of 473 valid sample data and 180,000 positioning data packages. We visualized the daily positioning data of each tag, unpackaged and cleaned the raw data received from UDP positioning sysytem, then import data into MySQL database for storage, so it can be called at any time we need during data analysis. We overlaid 18 days results together, then got the seats preferences distribution, circulation density distributio, and each hour attendance respectively.
14
15
[Physical Environment&Energy Conservation] We arranged 18 wireless sensors evenly to collect physical environment data of the reading room every two minutes. Then we did the mapping concerning average temperature, humidity, and illumination per hour. Through cross-analyzing the environment data and students’ attendance we can find some regular rules and accordingly propose reasonable suggestions for energy saving plan(for example, there are few people in the room before 9, so there is no need turning on the air condition). What is more, if data can be processed in real time, it will be possible for the whole equipment system such as lighting and air system, to give real-time feedback.
16
Please fill in your TAG#: ______09________ (Timestamp: 2018-05-19 10:31:00)
User Information
Positioning Data
[User Information & Positioning Data]
Tag ID: 09
We linked users’ information that we acquired from the electronic questionnaires and their positioning Information (such as selected seats, residence time, and activity traces ) one-to-one through TagID and Timestamp. By cross-analysis of users’ data and positioning data, we are able to reveal those unsatisfied demands and current design issues and have a better understanding of human behavior.
Timestamp: 2018-05-19 10:31:00
Q: What is your main consideration when you are selecting seats?
Q: Do you come alone or with friends?
Q: What are you coming here for?
Q: How often do you come here?
[Summary & Prospect] On the one hand, by analyzing the data acquired from Indoor Positioning System, we can have a specific understanding of human behavior, which can provide the basis for design for space designers at the early stage. On the other hand, Indoor Positioning System helps us get real-time information about people’s activities in a particular space. Together with Building Automatic System (BAS), space itself gets the intelligence to give real-time feedback and always keeps itself in best quality. Overall, Indoor Positioning System fills the gap where the Global Positioning System (GPS) loses its effect. It will play an increasingly indispensable role especially in large-scale buildings where indoor space is complex such as medical building, mega-malls, and large exhibition hall.
17
Users real-time feedback
IPS design basis
Designers
[Re-layout Based On Data Analysis]
18
19
03 OPEN STAGE COMMUNITY GYM DESIGN
Summer 2017, Studio Project Instructor: Hao Gan Site: Nanjing, China Individual Work
When thinking about what kind of public space should be built for this community, Edward Hopper's painting come to my mind. Those isolated moments on the canvas are always silent, with minimal interaction. "Silence," with Facebook gradually shifting the communication to online, is becoming one of the characteristics of the public space in this era. However, sight can still communicate. In those silent canvases, you can feel a pair of eyes, hiding in the dark and observing. I found that most of the exciting stories begin with the communication of sight rather than words. That's why I conceptualized my design revolving around the consideration of sight. To design space is actually to design the sight. The community sports center I envisioned, is like an immersive theatre that is being staged all the time. It welcomes everyone. You can stroll in this building, seeing different episodes happening in separate space: the ongoing community basketball match, those high school students rehearsing for the Friday Party, or your plump neighbor who are doing spinning to lose weight. You watch those "plays" on the stage, or join in whenever you want and are allowed to, just like what you did in [Sleep No More].
[Site]
[Nighthawks by Edward Hopper] be watched
24m
[Program Heights]
watching
CIRCULATION
9m 7m 5m
BADMINTON BASKETBALL GYM SKATING REHEARSALCAFEOFFICE
[Watching & Be Watched]
20
[Sight & Prototype]
focus of sight
21
out of focus
motion&events
peeping
juxtaposition
3
1
3 4
2
6F
5F
3 5
5 3
3 3
3
6
7
4F
3F
5
5 8
9
3
8 10
7
8
2F
1F
Plans 1.office 2.rehearsal room 3.badminton 4.skating 5.basketball 6.spinning 7.cafe 8.gym 9.yoga 10.shower/locker room
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23
[Long Take]
It is like an immersive theatre that is being staged all the time. You stroll in this building, seeing different episodes happening in separate space: the ongoing community basketball match, those high school students rehearsing for the Friday Party, or your plump neighbor who are doing spinning to lose weight. You watch those "plays" on the stage, or join in whenever you want and are allowed to.
24
25
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04 SPORTS CENTER Spring 2017, Studio Project Instructor: Gang Yu Site: Nanjing, China Individual Work
The insertion of the building in a complex urban area —— with an old residential block which was built in last century in the west (disordered but lively), and some newly-built high-rise apartments in the east (tidy but less vibrant). Much attention was paid to the skin of the building as well as its structure because of the sensitive environment and the site constraints. The new sports center has to be a "bond", not only between the fractured urban interface, but also different life styles. Can I build a cool thing in this cramped block? How can people get unexpected experience in a fixed box with a regular and flat shape?
Structural Diagram - vary the cross-section of the beam - reduce the weight of the structure - create unique spacial experience
27
Roof construction aluminium sheet
drainage
Floor construction
Roof construction
- Wooden floorboards 24mm - Joists (depth depends on span) - built on stilts layer (for pipeline/equipment) - Sound insulation 80mm - waterproofing 15mm - Concrete slab 120mm
- sheet metal (built on stilts) for falls - Protective layer 20mm - Vapor barrier 20mm - Thermal insulation 100mm - waterproofing 20mm - Concrete slab 150mm
Floor construction
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05
NEO-COLLECTIVISM REIMAGINATION OF THE LIVING QUARTERS OF MEISHAN IRONWORKS
Meishan is located in the suburbs of Nanjing, isolated from downtown and centered on a large factory — Meishan Ironworks. The whole living quarters were built in the late 1960s. Similar to its counterpart— the company town, the resident in Meishan either worked in the factory, worked in the amenities such as stores and schools, or was a family member of someone who does. In the context of socialist China, people were living a collectivist life there. With the process of reform and opening-up in China, the tide of privatization began to take place under the market principle, and people gradually bid farewell to the previous collectivist life. The significant changes of the era brought about "laid-off" tide as well as a sense of loss. People who were unable to keep up with the times were losing their place in society. So did it happened to Meishan. On the one hand, due to the high single social structure and its geographical isolation from the city, Meishan and its inhabitants seem to indulge in the past collectivist life and showed resilience to the rapid changes of the times. Through the public canteens were replaced by small business, neighbors still had dinner together in the corridor, gossiping about a woman living in Unit three. On the other hand, more and more outsiders are coming to Meishan, together with new ways of living. When walking along the street in Meishan, you can sometimes feel the juxtaposition of two eras, and the coexistence of a series of antonyms: collective and individual, natives and new generation, public and private, close and detached, simplicity and diversity, and so forth. The design is to externalize this sort of resilience as well as to accommodate this series of antonyms tolerantly. It is also trying to discuss the relationship between space and memory, and how architecture response to changes of the times.
Summer 2018 Site: Meishan, Nanjing, China Design: Individual Research Collaborator: Mengqi Cao
[History of Community Planning]
1929
1830
People's Republic of China the Soviet Union
company town
the United State
company town
Micro-district （Mikrorayon）
superblock
Neighbourhood unit (Clarence Perry)
[History of People’s Republic of China]
1949
1953
1966
The Establishment of The First five-year Plan People's Republic of China China was concentrating
efforts on industrialization, constructing the large-sized industrial projects.
[History of Meishan]
Iron ore was found in the suburbs of Nanjing. The Steel-making base was then set up there.
Steel-making base
Ironworks & Living Quar
Railway
downtown highway Meishan Yangtze River
31
There were a lot of urban youths who were sending to rural regions during the Down to the Countryside Movement.
Under the direction of Pre Zhou, Meishan Ironworks established. The supporting quarters starts constructing in and finished in 1971 and was a accommodate 20,000 inhabitan
1950s
Nanjing
The Cultural Revolution started
Highway to downtown
1969
1949
2000s
1952
Neighbourhood unit
superblock
1978
Micro-district
danwei ( 单位 )
xiaoqu( 小区 )
1992
2000s
Chinese Economic Reform
State-owned Enterprise Reform
Introducing market principle, the reform resulted in Increased economic activities and significant economic growth.
In the late 1980s and 1990s, with the privatization and contracting out of much state-owned industry, many people were laid-off.
emier s was living n 1969 able to nts.
From the late 1980s, the living quarter began to expand. Some old buildings were demolished and a large number of new dwellings were built during that time.
rters
Living Quarter's Expansion 1980s
Real estate around Meishan was continuously developing. Highrise residential buildings have been built one after another.
2000s
1998
dwellings
Real Estate Development
Ironworks Restructuring
dwellings(demolished)
public buildings
public buildings(demolished)
factory
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*The Hall, Photographs taken by Yinong Shao&Chen Mu
doer
symbolic platform
&
doee
homogeneous seats
[PUBLIC PROTOTYPE]
events
moralization
&
space
directivity/ closure
The Hall
The hall, the location where almost all the important public events took place during the collectivism period, was in the deep memory of the whole generation. I choose it as the prototype of public space, deconstruct it, transform its elements and then reconstruct, trying to recall people's memory while meeting the contemporary program's need.
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Existing residential building in Meishan
public kitchen
public living room
community farming
living units for single/ young people/newcomers
minimal living units
families
single
corridor
folded corridor
living units for natives/families
[LIVING PROTOTYPE]
Public Corridor
The public corridor is the place where conversations take place. In Meishan, we can still see people drying their clothes, having dinner together, and gossiping with neighbors in the corridor. I fold the corridor, retaining the communication space and enclosing the courtyards, which can serve as public living-room or community farming.
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8
4 7 7
8 1
8
7
7
7
7 8
5
7 3 2
8
7
0m
20
50
100
Ground Floor Plan
[Generation Diagrams]
current site
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grid
living units
inserting public mass
4
6 6
1
5
6 3 2
1. moultifunctional theater 2. food market 3. sauna center 4. community service center 5. tea house 6. activity rooms 7. small stores 8. community farming
6
Second Floor Plan
free ground floor
public corridor
extending corridor
platform&courtyard
36
AUDIENCE / PERFORMER 37
RITUAL / ROUTINE 38
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06 REVIVAL OF R IVER URBAN DESIGN IN DUJIANGYAN, SICHUAN Spring 2017, Studio Project Instructor: Jiawei Leng Site: Dujiangyan, Sichuan, China Collaborator: Caiqin Ou
[History of Dujiangyan]
1950s
1980s
1990s
2003
2008
2017
After the founding of PRC (1949), there is a rapid development happened in the city of Dujiangyan. It is obvious that the city was radiating outward. Besides, the mountains and rivers have always been the most important elements during the city development.
[Ancient City Research]
The site is located between Puyang River and the ancient city of Dujiangyan, which now is an important tourist attractions as well as the only way to go before going up the Yulei mountain. The texture of the ancient city turns out to be a crucial factor when developing its adjacent land.
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circulation
high density
river
block boundary
main street
longitudinal texture
city gates
transverse texture
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Professional Work
07 REVIVING COMMUNITY RENOVATION OF ABANDONED COMMUNITY GARBAGE HOUSE
Atelier MUTO June 2018 - Feb 2019, Built Site: Nanhang Community, Nanjing, China Tutor: Hao Gan Team Member: Yifei Niu, Hengyi Cai Contribute: Project Management, Design, Drawings Coordinate with Constrution Team
Nanhang community was the former staff living quarters of Nanjing "PANDA" Radio Factory. In the last century, the factory had a very high position even in the whole country. People would be proud if there were anyone in the family working in the PANDA Factory. However, our society has undergone a paradigm shift. With the process of state-owned enterprise reform, the factory fell into decline and gradually lost its former glory. It also happened to its workers and their living space. The buildings in the community are old, and most of them have fell into disrepair. The garbage house has been abandoned for years. Nanhang community is not the only one that is suffering such decline. In fact, there are many such communities in Nanjing, with abandoned space and dilapidated buildings that they are incapable of restoring. What we did is to find those abandoned space in communities, re-program and refresh them through design, and help the communities get rid of the declining situation.
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[The Corridor]
532 R15
R15532
R12137
R12137
G3
80°
60
G2
R49
R4960
0
51
R2
R2510
G1 F E D C1 B A
C2 J
I
R61
6
94
17
69
76
R20
R6
R15
69
5 R1
94
R20
H R11060
51°
060
R11
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
13
15
16 17 18
19
座椅图
532 R15
5
4
3
2
R2510
R4960
1
69
5 R1
76
R20
94
I
R61
6
6
C2
17
7
G2 0
51
R2
R6
8
3005
9
2219
2146
10
3593
R12137
R15532
11
R12137
12
G3
J 69
13
80°
60
R49
R15
14
G1 F E D C1 B A
94
R20
H
4
51°
060
R11
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
[Graphic Statics Analysis]
17
12
F1 G1 F2
13
14
15
10
8
6
16 17 18
19
3005
6
2219
8
3593
10
2146
12
R11060
17
4
F5
F3
G3
G2 F4
F6
G1 = 400N/m*17m = 6800N
G2 = 400N/m*7.5m = 3000N
G3 = 400N/m*11.7m = 4680N
F1 = LF1/LG1 = 16270N
F3 = LF3/LG2 = 8018N
F5 = LF5/LG3 = 11110N
F2 = LF2/LG1 = 16374N
F4 = LF4/LG2 = 7998N
F6 = LF6/LG3 = 10959N
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[From Garbage House to Reading House]
1F
45
2F
46
Professional Work
JIMING PEAK CAFE
TAO (Trace Architecture Office) Jul 2017 - Sep 2017 Site: Jiming Island, Weihai, China Team : Li Hua, Qiaobing Liu Contribute: Model Making, Rendering, Drawings, Preparing for Presentation
47
Professional Work
GUARDIAN ART CENTER
Büro Ole Scheeren Nov 2017 - Jan 2018, CA Phase Site: Beijing, China Team : Virginia, Ke Sun Contribute: Photography, Redraw Graphics, Preparing for Publication, Coordinate With Construction
48
Other Work
SENIOR CENTER Spring 2016, Studio Project Instructor: Ruyan Sun Site: Nanjing, China Individual Work The project is to design a senior community center in a high-density urban block. Three courtyards with openness in different levels are created in this project: the inner courtyard for recuperation, the middle couryard for easy entertainment, and the most lively courtyar for interaction with the community. The aim is not only to creat a quiet and peaceful space for the elderlys, but also help them integrate into the community and find their position in social relationships.
6
4
6
3
8 7
5 5
1
2
49
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Auditorium Recovery room Kitchen Laundry Overnight duty room Storage Equipment Restaurant
Other Work
F LORA 3.0 DESIGN OF TENSIONED MEMBRANE STRUCTURE BASED ON MINIMAL SURFACES Summer 2018 "DigitalFUTURE" Shanghai Workshop 2018 Instrutor: Jiong Xu Group Work
The design of FLORA3.0 is based on the minimal surface generation method — Basic surface softening method. The outer frame of FLORA3.0 is made up of three sections of steel pipe with continuous curvature. The connectors are divided into two parts, between which sandwiched the film, and the bolts connected to the upper and lower parts. The membrane is made of a "laser PVC film" that reflects different colors of sunlight at different angles of incidence.
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Other Work
COCOON CITY REPRESENTATION OF VIRTUAL 2071
Fall 2017 Competition for 2017 Bi-City Biennale Collaborator: Yuan Zhang, Yiyang Wang
What architects talk about when they talk about the future? It is no longer, even for these group of people who are dealing with the physical objects all the time, the fantasy only in the real world. Virtual space, namely cyberspace, for the most part, is fleshing out in a secret dimension parallel to the real one, with its enormous effect rippling through every corner of our actual daily life. For cyberspace did something that computer scientists did not foresee when they prophesied that the Internet would make “one neighborhood of the whole world”. It did have made the world into “global village”, but it was a peculiar one, populated by strangers who knew nothing about each other. This kind of estrangement is density and individuality reflected on the spatial morphology, which, in fact, has made their first appearance during the city development over a hundred years ago. The victories of capitalism and industrial revolution made individuals isolated from families and groups, but also made it possible for more and more people to converge on a common space---CITY. That’s why architects and planners put their trust in the public area in cities, hoping that it can bring about recombination between individuals. As Lewis Mumford remarked: “It is in the city, the city as theater, that man's more purposive activities are focused, and work out, through conflicting and co-operating personalities, events, groups into more significant culminations.” However, 21 century is seeing an open theft of public space from the physical world to the virtual world. Architects taking great pains in creating comfortable public space turns out to be futile, for everybody only cares about the glowing screens in front. In those screens lies the new "Elysium", which provides tremendous freedom from the spatial limitation in the physical environment, yet it has the price. Individuals' activities in the real world are increasingly in thrall to their little screen; relationship becomes shallower and shallower; extreme freedom breeds extreme individualism; everybody envelopes themselves with cocoons of matrix ......It is the carnival of the virtual, the collapse of the real. When all the needs are met in the virtual world, what are our demands on physical space? No parks, no shopping malls, no public area to stroll around, only the maintenance of vir-
51
tual space. Closing eyes, we see above the desolate surface of the depletion of natural resources lay the vast artificial cities, dominated by the lofty tower of the information center, spreading to the distance. Gloomy, dead, and lifeless. We see infrastructure crisscrossing the city, between which hides the crimes and dirt. Beneath all another world is raging but silent. In the stack of the living towers is those cocoons entangled in the matrix, reveling in the carnival after the carnival. We are keeping our eye on 2071, just as what we did on 1984 when it was 1948. We take the dystopian metaphor of Orwell, not meaning that we are his faithful disciples, believing the advent of a political prison. In fact, the future city we imagine is hard to define whether it is heaven or hell. It is populated by inhabitants who lived for the bodiless exultation of cyberspace. Everyone traps themselves in his or her tiny living units, like silkworms in the cocoons, with his or her mind roaming around in the infinite matrix. We try to portray the city, not only by our imaginations but by the clues that have already existed in our lives. That will be a brave new 2071, a city of cocoons. Hopefully, it will be a warning, not a prophecy.
VIRTUAL UTOPIA VS PHYSICAL DYSTOPIA
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MAILING ADDRESS: 2461 WARRING ST, APT 102 BERKELEY, CA 94704 TEL: +1 (510) 984-8792 EMAIL: evawyunqi@berkeley.edu