YUNQIAN LI
CONTENT 4-21
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Thesis: “Choice”
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Cloud Valley Theater
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China Mobile High-tech Campus
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Sample of Environment Building Design
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Samples of Building Performance Simulation
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1 Thesis: “Choice� Project Type: Museum and Public Activity Complex Date: 2017 Location: Washington D.C. Project Designer: Yunqian Li
In public spaces, instead of a strict linear organization, an alternative structure could provide choices to visitors. This thesis investigates the encounter of public space through individual choice of spatial sequences. In this scenario, the overall organization of the building does not dictate the visitors movement through the space; instead the architecture itself offers choices of directions which provide an individual spatial experience.
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Level 3
Phase One: Orbit Gallery
Level 2
The idea of Orbit Gallery is to use repeating elements to create different relationships in a space. Structures, pathways, and walls are all achieved by rectangular and circular elements on different scales, creating continuity in the space. This provides three different ways to experience the building: 1/ Drive through and just have a glance of the inside 2/ Walk through on the circular pathway to just look at the main artworks 3/ Walk along every rectangular path for a more detailed view of every artwork.
Level 1
Level -1
Level -2
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Map of Washington D.C.
Museums near the site
Commercial Corridors near the Site
Historical Landmarks near the Site
The 16th Street starts from the White House and continues to the center line of the city. U Street functions like a circular connection with all the grids in the city. Thus, the intersection of these two streets offers itself as an important transportation junction. Besides 16th Street and U Street, New Hampshire Ave also passes through this intersection. Making this three streets’ intersection into a landmark roundabout benefits the transportation flow and fits the city pattern.
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Phase Two: Open Choice Museum 12
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The space of Open Choice Museum is organized to offer individually chosen paths based on different purposes and interests. Instead of concentrating the vertical transitions within several spots of the building, this design distributes stairs almost everywhere of the building. All the stairs are hidden behind the circular structure walls, so they do not dominate the visual space. Nonetheless, visitors can easily find them.
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Ground Floor Garden
Ground Floor Entrance
Outdoor Gallery
Outdoor Gallery
Outdoor Stair
Car Route View
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Second Floor Plan
Perspective View of Level -1 Museum Interior Space Openings on the floor provide different angles to look at sculptures on the lower level.
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Located at a busy intersection, this complex combines the functions of indoor museums, outdoor galleries, gardens, restaurants, and community activity rooms. Outdoor spaces and indoor spaces are integrated on different levels of this building. The ground floor is mostly open space, so that visitors are welcomed from all directions. Daylighting and noise control are designed according to different requirements of different space functions. Quiet and noisy spaces are carefully separated in order to provide a good circumstance to visitors.
Study Model: View Angle
Study Model: Gallery
Structure Model
Study Model: Ramp
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Study Model: Pool
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2 Cloud Valley Theater Project Type: Public Performing Arts Theater Date: 2015 Location: Washington, D.C. Project Designer: Yunqian Li
A theater in the crowded city is like a secret garden for people’s hearts. It is a place for people to escape from the reality and enjoy a moment of fantastic dreams. The building itself should be a pure container for those dreams. The proposal of this design is to use layers of curved walls to create a sequence of spaces, leading people into their dreams. The scale difference between people and the building is emphasized, bringing a surrealist experience to the audience.
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All the vertical curved walls in this theater are 3 times higher than normal walls. By cutting down the middle scale elements, the theater maximize the scale contrast between people and huge walls.
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15 2 11
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5 3
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Exterior Stairs
9 Elevator Stage
2 Corridor to Upper Seats
10 Upper Backstage
3 Corridor to Lower Seats
11 Backstage
4 Adjustable Ceiling
12 Mechanical Room
5 Auditoricim
13 Storage
6 Roof Garden
14 Office Rooms
7 Roof Theater
15 Dressing Rooms
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8 Fly Bridge 24
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Initial Idea Charcoal Drawing
Study Model
One main design method is to use great curved walls to guide the audience gradually into the central auditorium. Most of these walls continue from the basement to the top. Some skylights locate on where these walls touch the ceiling. When people walk between the walls and under the skylights, the experience is similar to walking in the river valley. Horizontal elements are blurred in this building, to make larger-than-life spaces.
Corridor Charcoal Drawing
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Auditorium Top View Charcoal Drawing
1st Version Ground Plan
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Level 4
Level 3
Level 2
Level 1 N
Level -1
Level -2
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There are two different performance spaces for different uses: the central auditorium has about 1000 seats, mainly used for formal performances; the outdoor theater on the roof hosts smaller performances that are free to the public. The outdoor stairs lead people directly to the rooftop without going through the main lobby, which gives people an opportunity to enjoy the roof space 24/7. The routes for the audience, staff and performers are completely separated, to avoid people disturbing each other.
Roof Entrance
Roof Entrance Staff Entrance
Staff Entrance
Audience Entrance
06 Staff Area
Audience Entrance
06 Staff Area
Audience Area
F2-Staff Floor F1-Audience Floor
Audience Area
F-1-Staff Floor F-2-Audience Floor
F2-Staff Floor F1-Audience Floor F-1-Staff Floor F-2-Audience Floor
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Daylighting and Noise Control
Green Roof and Roof Pond
The gaps between curved walls naturally create the hallways toward the central auditorium. These hallway spaces surrounding the auditorium help isolate the auditorium and other spaces in the theater, reducing sound transmission.
Two of the continuing curved walls go above the roof and function as background walls for the roof theater. People are able to use exterior stairs to directly go up to the rooftop without passing through the interior space. It leaves the roof theater open to the public anytime without interrupting normal operation of the theater. Hallway
Some parts of the roof are designed with green roof, mainly along the skylight. This helps to reduce the heat transmitted through rooftop, as well as to distribute some direct solar radiation. Roof pond is located above the skylight, and has similar benefits as the green roof.
Lobby
Auditorium
Acoustic Isolation Hallway Lobby
Auditorium
Acoustic Isolation
Hallway Lobby
Auditorium
Ground Floor Daylighting Analysis Result
Acoustic Isolation
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3 China Mobile High-tech Campus Project Type: Office Complex Date: 2015 Location: Guangzhou, China Project Designer: China Architecture Design & Research Group
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A lack of pedestrian friendly space is the most common problem in most of the new high-tech campuses in China. Since these campuses are built on capacious fields, with broad streets and all middle rise office buildings, there is almost no pedestrian interactive space on a human friendly scale. Employees usually need to walk for a long distance passing through several office buildings to arrive at their destination. It is such a bad experience for people to walk 20 minutes in their office suits, under no shade and with nowhere to stop. The design proposal is to merge the boundaries between office buildings, gardens, and pedestrian Strategy
walkways. Learning from the traditional Lingnan Garden in China, we designed different layers of human scale interactive spaces. The first layer is at higher levels of the office buildings, mainly represented as terraces and open cafe spaces, with vertical green walls and louvers. The second layer is at the first two floors of the office buildings. These two floors are set back, bringing the gardens into the building. The third layer is the artificial pools at the corners of office buildings, blurring the building boundaries and helping to cool down the ambient temperature.
Traditional Lingnan Garden
1st layer: High Constructions
2nd layer: Middle Rise with Gardens
设计策略
园区规划尺度设计
3rd layer: Artificial Pool with View Deck
Urban Scale
设计策略
建筑尺度设计
Strategy
绿色景观
建筑体量间引入景观，创造宜人的外部环境 建筑体量间的景观带创造基地内部近人尺度的外部空间， 提供使用者休憩、交流的场所。
Terraces and Grey Spaces on the Upper Levels
延续园区方向的绿化轴线，建筑体量间的景观绿化 作为园区绿化的延伸。
灰空间
过渡空间创造跟多的交流空间
设计策略
对话城市
首层架空与骑楼的设计营造出廊下空间 室外阳台的创造更多的交流空间 下沉广场、廊下空间与室外阳台形成竖向立体公共空间
Strategy
城市方向设置与城市对话的步行入口 城市界面设置沿街商业设施
China Mobile Southern Base
China Mobile Southern Base
延续景观
中国移动南方基地
The site of this project is at the 2nd phase of the whole campus development.
Building Scale
设计策略
建筑尺度设计 Building Scale
建筑尺度设计
Strategy
Building Scale
半地下空间
车库设计利用半地下空间，结合有停留感的下沉庭院
±0.00 -1.500
Gardens Interact with Lower Levels
半地下车库的设计使得停车场具有与外部沟通的良好条 绿色景观 件。半地下空间与庭院的结合营造出半私密性的下沉庭 院。 建筑体量间引入景观，创造宜人的外部环境 建筑体量间的景观带创造基地内部近人尺度的外部空间， 提供使用者休憩、交流的场所。 绿色景观
China Mobile Southern Base China Mobile Southern Base
-1.500
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项目背景
方案设计
技术图纸
建筑体量间引入景观，创造宜人的外部环境 建筑体量间的景观带创造基地内部近人尺度的外部空间， 提供使用者休憩、交流的场所。
灰空间
过渡空间创造跟多的交流空间 首层架空与骑楼的设计营造出廊下空间 室外阳台的创造更多的交流空间 下沉广场、廊下空间与室外阳台形成竖向立体公共空间 灰空间
过渡空间创造跟多的交流空间
基地 景观绿轴 城市
首层架空与骑楼的设计营造出廊下空间 室外阳台的创造更多的交流空间 下沉广场、廊下空间与室外阳台形成竖向立体公共空间
Artificial Pools at Corners of the buildings
城市界面
半地下空间
车库设计利用半地下空间，结合有停留感的下沉庭院 -1.500
±0.00 -1.500
半地下车库的设计使得停车场具有与外部沟通的良好条 件。半地下空间与庭院的结合营造出半私密性的下沉庭 院。 半地下空间
Site Boundary Natural Scenery City View Commercial Active Space
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车库设计利用半地下空间，结合有停留感的下沉庭院 -1.500
±0.00 -1.500
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项目背景
方案设计
技术图纸
半地下车库的设计使得停车场具有与外部沟通的良好条 件。半地下空间与庭院的结合营造出半私密性的下沉庭 院。
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项目背景
方案设计
技术图纸
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项目背景
方案设计
技术图纸
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Gym Library Commercial Restaurant Storage Office
Ground Floor Plan
South Elevation
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Garden Type 1 Artificial Pools
Sunken Gardens
Retails along Main Street
Garden Type 2
Garden Type 3
Garden Type 4
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Level -2 Plan
Level -1 Plan
Level 2 Plan
Level 3,5,7 Plan
Level 4,6,8 Plan
Roof Plan
设计策略
Strategy
模块化 设计策略
Strategy
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4200
8400
模块化
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4200
采用模数化基本单元，以最大的灵活性 和实用性为整体规划量身定制了巧妙丰 富的空间模式和统一鲜明的建筑形制。
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4200
会议模块
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8400
办公模块
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会议模块
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8400
半地下停车 半地下停车场提供停车场更好的自然的 采光与通风，与下沉庭院的结合设计可 8400 以更加有效的利用半地下空间，高效节 餐饮模块 能及提高停车场的空间品质。
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停车模块
2700
餐饮模块
Modular Green Vertical Shading Section 8400
可调节金属百叶
8400
可调节金属百叶
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2700
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办公模块
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Vertical Louvers on East and West Windows
Modular Green Vertical Shading
采用模数化基本单元，以最大的灵活性 和实用性为整体规划量身定制了巧妙丰 富的空间模式和统一鲜明的建筑形制。
8400
停车模块
Operable Louvers on North and South Windows
半地下停车 半地下停车场提供停车场更好的自然的 采光与通风，与下沉庭院的结合设计可 以更加有效的利用半地下空间，高效节 能及提高停车场的空间品质。
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项目背景
方案设计
技术图纸
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项目背景
方案设计
技术图纸
Possible Plants Selection for Vertical Shading
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项目背景
方案设计
技术图纸
种植盆栽
种植盆栽
种植花坛
空中庭院
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项目背景
方案设计
技术图纸
种植花坛
Louvers in Different Angles
空中庭院
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项目背景
方案设计
技术图纸
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4 Zero Net Carbon (ZNC): Xuankou Primary School Project Type: Public Primary School Date: 2017 (one-week competition project) Location: Sichuan,China Project Designer: Yunqian Li Climate Analysis: Xuankou Primary School is located in a small town of China called Yingxiu, which was very close to the earthquake center in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake. The main building of the school was destroyed in the quake. This project is to re-design the main classroom building in Xuankou Primary school. A major proposal is this building could minimize injuries of students in future natural disasters, such as flooding and earthquake. Because Yingxiu has a relative mild climate, the project is designed to only use passive designs to achieve indoor comfort. This is also beneficial so that students can adapt to different weathers.
Columbia University biophysicist Ozgur Sahin first developed the “evaporation engine” in a 2015. It takes use of the nature of spores and transfer evaporation energy to kinetic energy, then possibly to electricity. The spores are attached to tiny plastic strips, and expand and contract depending on whether it’s humid or dry. Even though the technology is not fully developed for now, it has a great potential to be used in larger scale. Since solar energy can’t be used efficiently in this area, whereas water is abundant, this project takes use of this “evaporation engine”
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and combines it with artificial water surfaces. The two water surfaces used here are rainwater cistern and constructed wetland, combining the technology with rainwater harvesting and greywater treatment. The local power plant in Yingxiu is hydroelectric. For the extra electricity that could not be provided by evaporation engine, the grid energy this building would use is also renewable energy to achieve net zero CO2 requirement.
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Bamboo is a kind of grass, so it grows at a very high speed. It means the resource of bamboo is accessible and cheap. Sichuan Province has the most bamboo in China since the climate there is suitable for it to grow. There are a lot of pandas living in Sichuan mainly because it has bamboo forests. When bamboo is harvested it grows itself back again quickly enough not to leave a dent in the eco-system. Structurally it has greater tensile strength (or resistance to being pulled apart) than steel, and it withstands compression better than concrete. In the southern part of China, there is a long history of using bamboo in buildings. The Light weight of bamboo also helps to prevent students from being injured.
Wetlands absorb nutrients and filter particles from greywater, enabling it to be stored for longer or sent through a properly designed drip irrigation system (though more filtration and pumping is also required). There are a few plants that are most frequently used for greywater biofiltration wetlands, many of which can be found in natural wetlands. Wetland plants found close to the constructed wetland area are the most beneficial because they are already accustomed to the local climate.
STRENGTH AND STIFFNESS COMPARISON
greywater from house
to gardens, ponds, etc.
small pond area
Cattails
pump
Common Reed Grass
Bulrushes
The water cycle in this building combines rainwater harvesting, greywater treatment, and constructed wetland. Since it has abundant rainfall in this area, drainage should be considered carefully. Thus, the whole roof shape is inclined and spiral, to help both drainage and rainwater collection. After purification process, the treated rainwater could be used in all purposes except drinking. After usage, he greywater would then be collected and slowly flow through the constructed wetland, which helps sedimentation and filtration. The natural tube shape of bamboo also helps to prevent rainwater collecting on the roof. When there is too much rain, the overflow goes to the river through overflow protection pipelines.
water storage tank
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Sunshine Corridor
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Ventilated Under-roof Space
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3rd Floor Classroom
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2nd Floor Classroom
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Bicycle Storage
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Rain Collection Roof
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Constructed Wetland
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Sunshine Balcony
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Activity Classroom
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Mechanical Room / Storage
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Corridor
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Rain Collection Cistern
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CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS
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Double Sliding Door
Double Sliding Window Both Closed
Roof Top
Only Doors Open
Only Windows Open
Fourth Floor Plan
Both Open
Third Floor Plan
Even though the climate is mild in Yingxiu, it still could reach high temperatures sometimes in summer. Due to the high relative humidity, ventilation is critical in the design. The whole roof is elevated away from the inner roof. Thus, there is a space between two layers of the roof to help ventilate the heat and prevent direct transmission of solar radiation. The Doors and Windows of rooms are also designed to help ventilation. For the classroom, both double-sliding doors and double-sliding windows could be adjusted according to different weather conditions. For the office space and activity classroom, the sliding door in between could adjust the space for different use.
Heat Bounced by Roof
Second Floor Plan
Heat Bounced by Roof
First Floor Plan
Under-roof Ventilation Heat Loss by Ventilation
Heat Loss by Ventilation
Cross-Ventilation
Flooding Drainage
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III. Outdoor Comport Analysis
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Fully Shaded Outdoor Comfort Chart
Sun Exposed Outdoor Comfort Chart
Samples of Building Performance Simulation I. Climate Analysis % of Comfortable Hours 50% % of Heat Stress 16.3% % of Cold Stress 7.7% % of Slight Heat & Cold Stress 26%
% of Comfortable Hours 40.6% % of Heat Stress 28% % of Cold Stress 9.3% % of Slight Heat & Cold Stress 22.1%
Evaporation Cooling
Natural Ventilation
IV. Solar Benefit Analysis
CSON Climate Zone 2A) OT and DRY Climate
Internal Heat Gain
Dry bulb Temperature
Comfort Zone
ANNUAL SOLAR BENEFIT SKYDOME
Night Flushing
itude: 110.92° W ude: 32.22° N ation From Sea: 2,389’
Relative Humidity
Path Diagram + Outdoor Comfort(UTCI) sonal Wind Rose Sun Analysis
Extreme Cold Cold
Mild Cold
Comfort Mild Hot
Hot
ANNUAL HARMFUL RADIATION SKYDOME
JAN-FEB
JUN-OCT
ANNUAL HELPFUL RADIATION SKYDOME
MAR-MAY
NOV-DEC
Extreme Hot
Wind Speed
MAR - MAY
JUN - AUG
SEP - NOV
DEC - FEB
II. Optimized Shape Analysis * Roof Plan
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N * Roof Plan Harmful radiation
Helpful radiation
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HARMFUL SOLAR IRRADIATION ( APR-OCT) subtract !
TOTAL IRRADIATION WHICH NEEDS TO BE REDUCED
FIND MINIMUM VALUE & SHAPE
Harmful radiation
2200 VARIATION Helpful radiation
HELPFUL SOLAR IRRADIATION ( NOV-MAR)
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yunqian.li.design@gmail.com (571)598-9450