G1.Hu.zeyu. REP 2 FINAL

Representation II

Light Pavillion

By Zeyu Hu A1682598

Content List Part 1 Case Study

Part 2 Case Study

part 3 Case Study

part 4 Case Study

Site plan 1-2 Shadow analysis 3-4 Site view & analysis 5-6 Ambient light analysis 7-8 Luminosity 9-10 Design idea 1 11-12 Design idea 2 13-14 Internal 3D views 15-16 Design precedent 17-18 Reflection 19-20 Design floor plan & section 21-22 Design arial & ground views 23-24 Circulation of people 25-26 Light & space 27-28 Opacity 29-30 Structure of pavillion 31-32 Exploded perspective 33-34 Internal views of pavillion 35-38 Filtration

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Site Plan

Elevation of Barr Smith Library

Location: University of Adelaide, SA, Australia 1

The Barr Smith Library is one of the oldest building in the University of Adelaide. It was constructed at the founding of the University in the 19CE. This library was mainly built with masonry in the traditional style; 6 stone columns support the entrance, the external surface was built with red bricks and the brown big stones.

Elevation of Math Building

Elevation of Engineer Biilding

The math building was constructed with red bricks and it complete early than the engineering building.

And later it was connected to the new engineering building.

The engineering building is a new building. It was built in modern style, with large glass curtain wall and steel columns. On the ground floor is a cafĂŠ and a hub central.

It has a stairs can w alk on and directly access to the level 2 of the building.

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Shadow analyse Shadow of Summer at 9 am on 21 JAN

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Shadow of Summer at 12 pm on 21 JAN

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Shadow of Summer at 3 pm on 21 JAN

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Shadow of Winter at 9 am on 22 AUG

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Shadow of Winter at 12 pm on 22 AUG

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Shadow of Winter at 3 pm on 22 AUG

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Shadow of Summer on 21 JAN 3

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Shadow of Winter on 22 AUG 4

Site views & analyse

Site Analyze: The red area in the map is the site that we gonna use for the design project.

The blue line is a rough movement of the people around this site.

At the end of this site is a side door for uni, and the site sometimes will be used as the club activities or some other events.

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Ambient light analyse

In day time, the mainly light source is the sunshine by refl ection, re Though there is large area glass, but due to the color of glass, ther sunshine reflected by the glass to the ground. And in the summer t directly radiate to the grassland until the sunset. But in the winter, t the shadows after 12pm and at 3pm it will be shaded about half of

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At night, the street lambs alone the pedestrians are on. And two big lambs shoot to the Barr Smith Library. There also are many lights in the corridors of the engineering building, MLS building and EngMath building. Stand in front of the Barr Smith Libr ary, the middle area looks a little bit dark than surroundings, but at another side of this area, it looks all good. So, it’s relative bright in the night time and everything can be seen clearly.

efraction and diffusion. re won’t be too much time, the sunshine can the site will be covered by the whole area.

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Luminosity Linguistic definition:

According to the dictionary, the luminosity is a word describe the quality of being luminous; emitting or reflecting light. In astronomy area, the word is used to judge how bright a star or Sun is. In the art, it means the quality of color, the different levels shade of color.

Philosopher meaning:

The reason why we can see the objects is not because the object can emit the light, but it is the result of reflecting, refracting and diffusing of light. If an object can absorb all the light, then this object is not visible for our eyes, but we cannot say it doesn’t exist. And the different levels of luminosity for an object can make people have a total different feeling of the object.

The sculpture in the image never changed, but it gives people different feeling and impression; it’s simply due to the different luminosity and light direction. Hence, the luminosity may affect the people’s judgement about the object in a total different direction.

Meaning in architecture: The different leve ls of luminosity can create a certain atmosphere and circumstance t hat architect want to achieve; and the atmosphere can have a directly effects on people mood, especially in the place such as gallery, church and museum.

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Church of the light in Japan, designed by Tadao Ando, is one of the best project to show the using of light. This church is built with concrete, with a cross gap on the east facing façade. In the design, only one window was opened to the church hall and limited light can through the glass entering the interior. Not like the traditional church, there is no ornaments on the wall; only the bare concrete walls surround the space and this space is filled with t he darkness due to the limited light can come in. As a result of this design, a void and peaceful space was form, which correspond to Ando’s ideas that create a “Zen” space for peoples’ meditation or prayer. The light come in from the east façade become a natural light cross. The light cross as the only religious symbol in the church, also as another light source, it formed a strong contrast between the hard-concrete solid and the dark, void space. The comparison shows the soft of light and highlights the sanctity of cross in people’s mind.

Another meaning for the architecture is the illumination, the most basic but important meaning.

Different building has the different requirements for the illumination.The Kimbell Art Museum

by Louis Kahn focused on the use of natural light, it creates a sophisticated space that are perfectly suited for the art exhibition. The core point also the most distinctive place in the design is the roof. The natural light through the skylight come in, part of the light is reflected by the aluminum panel and flow in along with the concrete. Other natural light come in through the gaps between the aluminum panels to avoid the dark in the interior space. On the floor plan, three light court were settled and two of them located in the south exhibition room. Thus, the daylighting in south area is better than north, and it can meet the different requirements for different exhibits. Such as the drawings that need to avoid the light can be placed in the north area and the sculptures can be placed in south at the same time.

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Design Idea 1 A’

Elevator Emergency exit A

Site plan

Toilet

Natural light path

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Elevation 1 Scale 1:250

Scale 1:500

Arial view

Elevation 2 Scale 1:250

Ground view

Section A-A’ Scale 1:250

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Design Idea 2 Elevator

A’

Emergency exit

A Site plan Toilet

Elevation 1 Scale 1:250

Natural light path Water pool

Scale 1:50

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Arial view

Elevation 2 Scale 1:250

Ground view

Section A-A’ Scale 1:250

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Internal 3D views The left 4 images are the internal views for the idea 1 and the right 3 images are the internal views for the idea 2.

The design idea 1 is mainly consisted by the concrete columns. This design tries to emphasize on the light beam comes from outside, with the height of about 15-meter-deep, the light beam can have a strong contrast with the darkness inside.

Water and circle area is the main element that consisted the design idea 2. In this idea, I want to use the reflection and refraction of water to create an ZEN atmosphere. The reflection of light by water and the sound of water can create a relaxing and comfortable space. Due to this idea mainly use the natural light, the walking path are decorated with the LED light to guild people in the dark space.

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Precedent It is a project founded on a major symbol of Arab architecture: the dome.

But here, with its evident shift from tradition, the dome is a modern proposal.

A double dome 180 meters in diameter, offering horizontal, perfectly radiating geometry, a randomly perforated woven material, providing shade punctuated by bursts of sun. The dome gleams in the Abu Dhabi sunshine.

At night, this protected landscape is an oasis of light under a starry dome.

Project Name: Louvre Abu Dhabi Architects: Jean Nouvel Location: Abu Dhabi Client: TDIC Project Year: 2016 17

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Reflection Linguistic definition:

In the dictionary, the word ‘reflection’ is the act of reflecting, as in casting back a light or heart, mirroring, or giving back or showing an image; the state of being reflected in this way. It also means an image; representation or counterpart.

Philosopher meanings:

In philosopher field, why we can see different colour is due to the reflection of light. There are 7 colours in the natural light, and why we can see different colour is the object will reflect the colour that it owned and absorb the rest colour in the light.

The shade of colour is also the result of reflection. The less light object can reflect, the darker the object will be seen. And when the object absorbs all the colours, it will be black in our eyes, when the object reflects all the light, it will be white in our eyes.

Meaning in architecture:

One of the meaning in modern architecture is use the reflection as a technique to build the green building or sustainable building. By controlling the light reflection, the light can be lead into the building or lock light out the building to meet the temperature and brightness requirements of the building .

Italian firm Giovanni Vaccarini Architetti has designed the new Headquarters of the Swiss Société Privée de Gérance (SPG), built on Route de Chêne, at the gates of the historical center of Geneva. This work involved the extension of existing building and starting with a glass façade that can meets the requirements for shade and visual permeability. This project uses the triple glass as the main materials for the exterior façade. In day time, the triple glass wall can reflect most of the sunlight while also isolating the heat outside the building, this passive cooling system reduce the electricity use of the air condition greatly.

At the same time, the sunlight through the windows get in the interior space and provide comfortable brightness for the office which also reduce the electricity use of lighting system. The reflect effective at night time give people a total different feeling. By reflecting the light between the glass and steel structures, it impressed people with glorious and high-tech style.

Another case is urban reflection designed by HOLODECK architects, located in 1010 Vienna, Austria. This roof extension project is a multiple levels apartment divided into common and private area based on the concept of green filter areas. By using the reflective glass, the privacy of residentials in this apartment can be guaranteed; and at the same time, they also can get enough sun light in the room.

Another meaning the reflection bring to the modern architecture is it can expand people’s horizon and highlight the elements that designer want to emphasis.

This café is designed by bandesign located in Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. Opposite to the café is a row of cherry-blossom tree, and at the centre of the mirror is a camellia. The mirror reflects the cherry-blossom and bring it next to the camellia so that people outside can realize the season change by viewing the two-different tress just in one picture. The reflection brings two types of trees together and balance the colour in the small area and emphasis the change of trees to indicate the season change, which is the point that designer want to convey to the visitors. And the reflect also

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Floor plan &section

This design based on the design idea 1 and design idea 2. Some key elements from idea 1 and idea 2 are used and generate this new design for the light pavillion.

Site plan

Section A-A’ Scale 1:200

Sca

ale 1:500

B’

B’

A

B

B

A

A’

A’

1st-Level plan

Scale 1:500

2nd-level plan

Scale 1:500

Section B-B’ Scale 1:200

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Arial & Ground views On the ground, 3 circles and 2 rectangle glass skylights were installed so that the light can get into the underground. Several concreted columns extruded to the ground as part of the landscape as well as the structure part of the pavilion. At the end of the pavilion, the side next to the entrance of Barr Smith Library is the entrance of this pavilion. One lift for the disable people and stairs for public. The entrance of stairs are cover by the glazed wall and roof which sticked to the concrete and timer frame around.

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Circulation of people External Stair Access Elevator Access External Stair way Elevator

Internal Stair Access

Internal Stair Access

External Stair Access

External Stair Access

Elevator Access

Elevator Access

Recration Area

Small Library

Exhibition Area

Seminar Room

Toilet Area

Extrenal Stair way

Extrenal Stair way

Elevator

Elevator

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Light & Space

On the 1st level floor, natural light is the mainly light source. In the exhibition area, a water channel around it, with a series of marble columns above and divided the space in physical. At other side, a water pool was placed for the interesting reflection by water and create a peaceful atmosphere in the space. At the end of the 1st level is the recreation area with 3 circle semi-closed sitting area.

Above the area is the skylight and the columns around it. And the internal downstairs is at the end of the 1st level, next to the recreation.

The stairs way is surrounded by the concrete columns which is designed for the safety. Also, some guild lights are placed on the wall.

At the 2nd floor. Most of the walls are installed with the light bar to indicate the dynamic space and guide people.

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Opacity Linguistic definition:

According to the dictionary, generally opacity is a word to describe the state or quality of opaque; the degree to which a substance is opaque; capacity for being opaque. In photography, it can describe the proportion of the light that is absorbed by the emulsion on a given area of a file or plate.

Philosopher meanings:

In philosophy, the opacity can decide how clear we can see the object. The opacity is tightly connected with the transparency and translucency. If an object is pure clear, which means it have no opacity, then this object is hard to be seen by peoples’ eyes. And all the objects have the opacity but most of them will reflect all the light and these objects have the 100% opacity. Only those object that allow the light go through and refract the light have a quality of transparency. Besides, opacity also can bring a different feeling to people with the different quality of opaque. Sometimes the opaque can rise people’s curious about the part that cannot be observed directly, which is similar to ‘absence make the heart grow fonder’. The opacity gives the connotation character to the object and generate a new method to present the object in a different way, which opposite to that object directly exposed to outsides.

Meaning in architecture:

In architecture, opacity is widely used at the surface of building. Use the different opacity to form the patterns on the surface of building and at the meantime by controlling the opacity of the exterior surface to control the light getting in.

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One of the case for understanding the meaning of opacity in architecture is Punjab Kesari, designed by studio Symbiosis Architects.

Designed as a fusion of traditional Indian architecture and contemporary office space, the main objective of the project is “to reduce heat gain and optimize façade opening ratio, ensuing no artificial lighting is required on a typical day.” With this in mind, the design centres on an animated façade, which features a variation of opening ratios based on orientation, and that same time it reflects Indian culture, through its resemblance to the traditional “Jali” screen pattern. In a press release the architect explains: Through this façade, a Lux level of 500 is achieved on each floor plate at a workstation height, as well as a daylight factor of two over 80% of the floor plate. This optimized natural lighting plays a major role in the sustainability of the project. Since the design looks at no artificial lighting it makes the user feel closer to nature by allowing office workers to use natural light. Furthermore, sustainability features of the project include cross ventilation and a reduction of heat gain. With the well-designed mesh surface, this

building has acquired a unique exterior wall as well brightness inside; and the opacity character allow the building have a good ability to control the heat getting in building.

Another one example that help us better understand the meaning of opacity in architecture is the new office building for the group EURALIS. The renovation of headquarters of the group EURALIS had to integrate and represent the ambition of a total rehabilitation operation, affirming the identity of the group and providing an uncompromising functionality. The existing building covering an area of 8000 m² and dating from the 70s, has been completely renovated, redistributed, recladed and remodelled. The facades display the duality of environmental responsible technology and aesthetic resulting from its simplicity. Rather than designing the skin of the two towers as a composition of juxtaposed elements, glass against solid panels, walls against windows, transparency against opacity, the architects decided to resolve these opposing forces in a continuous spectrum assembling glass panels ranging from transparent to reflective colour.

The various opacity of the glass has formed a unique surface for the building and create a modern style.

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Structure of Pavillion Ground soil Glass skylight Concrete slab

Structure detail - 1

Ground soil Glass skylight Concrete wall Concrete beam

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Structure detail - 2

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Exploded Perspective

Glass Skylight

Stairs access to level2

Small Library

Stairs & Elevator Toilets

Exhibition Area Recration Area

Seminar Rooms

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Internal views Materials and textures used on the 1st level.

Concrete

Glass

Carpet

Marble

Water

Timber

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Internal views

Materials and textures used on the 2nd level.

Timber

Concrete

Light bar

Carpet

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Filtration Linguistic definition:

Generally, filtration is the noun of filter, it means the action or process of filtering something. Filtration is also used to describe some biological processes, especially in water treatment and sewage treatment in which undesirable constituents are removed by absorption into a biological film grown on or in the filter medium as in slow sand filtration.

Philosopher meanings:

In philosophy, it can be used to describe the process of filter colour. In sunlight, it contains seven different colours, and by refraction or filtration then we can see the colour. A glass with colour only allow the same colour go through it and reflect or absorb the rest colour in the sunlight. Besides, filtration also can be used like a mould to get the certain shape that needed from the materials. A circle light can be get by using a circle mould under the sunlight, a rectangle can be get by using a rectangle mould under the sunlight, that’s also what filtration means.

Meaning in architecture:

Filtration is a method to get the certain colour or shape that we need for the building. By using filtration, we can allow the certain shape of light and the specific colour get in the building, which is usually used in the windows of church and some modern buildings to form an atmosphere or light effects for interior space.

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The best example for the filtration using is the Ronchamp.

Ronchamp located at the southeast of Paris. Ronchamp is deceptively modern such that it does not appear as a part of Corbusier’s aesthetic or even that of the International Style; rather it sits in the site as a sculptural object. The inability to categorize Ronchamp has made it one of the most important religious buildings of the 20th Century, as well as Corbusier’s career. In 1950, when Corbusier was commissioned to design Ronchamp, the church reformists wanted to clear their name of the decadence and ornamental past by embracing modern art and architecture. Spatial purity was one of Corbusier’s main focuses by not over complicating the program and removing the typical modern aesthetic from the design. Instead, Corbusier wanted the space to be meditative and reflective in purpose. The stark white walls add to this purist mentality that when the light enters into the chapel there becomes this washed out, ethereal atmosphere. The effect of the light evokes expressive and emotional qualities that create heightened sensations in tune with the religious activities. The most striking part of

Ronchamp is the curved roof that peels up towards the heavens. The curving roof appears to float above the building as it is supported by embedded columns in the walls, which creates a 10-cm gap between the roof and the walls, which allow for a sliver of clerestory light. The roof is actually the only glimpse of mechanized influence in the overall design of Ronchamp; the roof’s curvature mimics the curves of an airplane wing. It’s aerodynamic in design and in all of its massive and heavy qualities it still appears weightless. One of the most interesting aspects of the design is the sporadic window placement on the walls. Corbusier implemented small puncturing apertures on the façade that amplified the light within the chapel by tapering the window well in the wall cavity. Each wall becomes illuminated by these differing window frames, which in conjunction with the stark white washed walls gives the walls luminous qualities punctuated by a more intense direct light.

On the wall behind the altar in the chapel, the lighting effects create a speckled pattern, almost like a starry night, of sparse openings that are complimented by a larger opening above the cross that emits a flood of light, creating a powerful religious image as well as a transformative experience.

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