Cabin Design - Xinyue Zhang IAD Nottingham Trent University

Cabin Design Communication Book Xinyue Zhang N0866130

CONTENT Chapter 1: Research & Case Study Site Research .............................................................05 SIPs Research ............................................................08 Timber Structure .........................................................10 Case Study .................................................................11

Chapter 2: Case Analysis & Processing Case Analysis .............................................................18 Sketch Development ...................................................21

Chapter 3: Final Design

CABIN ONE：4 Person Occupancy Plan ............................................................................28 Isoview .......................................................................29 Section .......................................................................30 Internal view ...............................................................32 Elevation ....................................................................34 External view...............................................................38

CABIN TWO：2 Person Occupancy Plan ............................................................................42 Isoview .......................................................................43 Section .......................................................................44 Internal view ...............................................................46 Elevation ....................................................................48 External view...............................................................52

Chapter 1: Research & Case Study Attenborough Site Research

Attenborough Nature Centre and Reserve Attenborough Nature Reserve was established in 1966 and opened by Sir David Attenborough.

The reserve is a beautiful complex of flooded former gravel pits and islands providing exceptional habitat for a range of wildlife.

It now covers 145 hectares of lakes, wetland, grassland and scrub. It sits at the confluence of the River Erewash and the Trent, and is part of an area designated as the Attenborough Gravel Pits Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). The SSSI covers 226.6 hectares (560 acres) and extends westwards beyond the reserve, to the County Boundary.

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The reserve is best known for its birds. The area is an important site for winter wildfowl and often holds a high proportion of the county's shoveler and diving ducks, with larger numbers of mallard, teal, and occasionally wigeon. Scarcer wildfowl such as sawbills and sea ducks are recorded regularly and cormorants are common.

All the British grebes have been recorded. In the spring and autumn, many migrants birds pass through and the Delta area attracts a wide range of waders in small numbers including the iconic bittern.

Species found include Sand Martins, Bitterns, Kingfishers, Cormorants, Great Crested Grebes, Reed & Sedge Warblers, Shelducks, Terns, Shovelers, Widgeon, Sawbills, Sea Ducks, Otters, Bats, Butterflies, Dragonflies, Voles, Shrews and Harvest Mice.

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Chapter 1: Research & Case Study Structural Insulated Panels (SIPS)

SIP MAJOR BENEFITS: EXCELLENT THERMAL PERFORMANCE SBS Structural Insulated Panels provide superior thermal performance, which will last the life span of the building. This is due to the solid core of polyurethane (PUR) insulation throughout the structure which ensures that the building is heated evenly, remains free from cold spots and will benefit from reduced heating costs.

ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY A SBS home is environmentally friendly for several reasons. SBS Structural Insulated Panels are made from timber which is sourced from managed plantations. Timber is seen as a green building material because trees produce oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from our atmosphere and timber is the only truly renewable building material.

LOW U-VALUE WALLS AND ROOF SBS Structural Insulated Panels offer extremely high thermal performance, the Polyurethane (PUR) core of rigid insulation and OSB/3 achieves U-Values as low as 0.10 Watts per Meter Squared Kelvin (W/m²K) or better, making significant savings on your annual heating costs.

LIMITED COLD BRIDGING SBS Structural Insulated Panels are joined together with an insulated SIP spline providing a continuous polyurethane (PUR) core through the walls and roof of the building. This greatly improves the thermal efficiency of the building compared to timber frame studs and cavity insulation which is prone to slumping and mortar drops during the construction process.

The polyurethane (PUR) core of insulation in the SBS Structural Insulated Panels is CFC/HCFC-free with zero Ozone Depletion Potential and has a Low Global Warming Potential (GWP).

EXTRA FLOOR SPACE SBS Structural Insulated Panels create more internal floor space for the same external dimensions in comparison to masonry construction. This is because a SIP structure provides excellent strength and insulation in a smaller wall section.

IMPROVED SCHEDULING & PROGRAMME CONTROL External and internal follow on trades can start work sooner as the SBS SIP Building System, when wrapped with a breather membrane, offers a weather-tight shell helping you complete your project faster.

With a SBS SIP Building System it is easier to predict project completion times as the system is relatively simple to erect and requires no wet trades or brick layers.

http://www.sipbuildingsystems.co.uk/sips-explained.php

Chapter 1: Research & Case Study Timber Structure

Timber Frame The term 'timber frame' typically describes a system of panelised structural walls and floors constructed from small section timber studs, clad with board products, in which the timber frame transmits vertical and horizontal loads to the foundations. It is generally not used to refer to timber post and beam structures or to timber engineered structural frames.

Timber frames can be the most suitable choice if the structural shell is required quickly, if the ground conditions are particularly poor, or if the design does not include very large structural spans. For more information, see Advantages and disadvantages of timber frame buildings There are a number of ways developing timber frame structures: A commonly-used method for constructing timber frames is the platform frame, in which each storey is formed by floor-to-ceiling timber panels and a floor deck which then becomes the platform for constructing the next storey.

The engineered stud method with the installation of insulation between the load-bearing timber studs.

The twin stud method involves two timber frame stud walls, positioned parallel to one another, (sometimes with only one carrying the vertical load), with an insulated cavity separating them.

Structural insulated panels (SIPs) take the form of an insulating core sandwiched between two structural facings. In the UK, the mainstream suppliers typically use the same structural facing – oriented strand board (OSB). For more information see Structural insulated panels.

Cross-laminated timber (CLT) building systems. See Crosslaminated timber for more information.

Roof Trusses To span large distances (that is the distance between the supports to the roof construction), rafters can be formed into triangular structures called trusses. This is achieved by connecting the lower ends of rafters at the eaves with a timber beam, thereby forming a triangle. The timber beam ties together the rafters and prevents them splaying.

Rather than creating this arrangement on-site from individual timber lengths (which is the traditional method and is easily done although more time consuming and may result in oversized timbers), modern construction offers the prefabricated timber truss.

Modern trussed rafters built in a factory environment offer the following benefits: Made from stress-graded timbers; Joined accurately under factory conditions using mild-steel truss plates; Can span large distances; Light; Economical; Can be delivered to site at the right time in the project programme, and minimal handling as they are hoisted in position.

Trussed rafters are typically spaced at 600mm centres and provide support for the roof covering material and the ceiling below. Despite the structural efficiency of the timber roof truss, diagonal wind bracing is still required, usually running from a bottom corner to a top corner.

Chapter 1: Research & Case Study Case Study

Colorado Outward Bound Micro Cabins Architects: University of Colorado Denver Year: 2015 Located on a steep hillside in a lodgepole pine forest, these cabins were designed as micro dormitories for the Colorado Outward Bound School. The cabins sit lightly on the landscape, directing views from private spaces towards trees, rock outcroppings and distant mountain views of the Mosquito Range. More public “community” views are directed into social spaces that develop from the organization of the cabins in relationship to one another. These community spaces are made up of front porches and the negative spaces between cabins.

To satisfy clients’ lodging and storage requirements, and to facilitate completion in three weeks of on-site construction, the cabins were conceived as two separate elements, a “box” and a “frame”. The “frame” acts as a storage device for the educators’ large gear (bikes, skis, kayaks, etc.) while simultaneously housing the cabin “box” and covered porches. The prefabricated cabin “box” rests in the frame under the protection of a “snow roof” designed to keep the winter snow load off the waterproofed roof below. Hot rolled steel provides a low maintenance rain screen for the box. This steel cladding and the vertical columns blend with the lodgepole forest minimizing the visual impact of the cabins. Structural taped glazing on the windows eliminates mullions and connects the occupants directly with natural views. https://www.archdaily.com/785103/colorado-outward-bound-micro-cabins-university-of-colorado-denver?ad_ medium=widget&ad_name=recommendation

Cabin Plan

Site Plan

Isometric

Section

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The interior of the cabin is skinned in CNC’d birch plywood bringing warmth to the interior and evoking a connection with the trees surrounding the site. The plywood is specifically milled to accommodate desks, beds and storage for each user. The walls and CNC’d plywood were prefabricated in Denver, flat packed onto trucks and shipped to Leadville to shorten the on-site construction timeline.

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Whitetail Woods Regional Park Camper Cabins Architects: HGA Architects and Engineers Year: 2014 Nestled into the hillside of a new regional park within the Minneapolis/St. Paul metropolitan area, three new camper cabins - built by county employees with the aid of high school students in a vocational training program weave their way into a stand of pine trees. They serve as a key amenity in the first phase of the parks master plan.

https://www.archdaily.com/608037/whitetail-woods-regional-park-camper-cabins-hga-architects-and-engineers?ad_ source=search&ad_medium=search_result_all

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Chapter 2: Case Analysis & Process Case Anaysis

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Herald Garden Studio Location：Wellington, New Zealand Architects: Parsonson Architects Area: 172 m² Year: 2019

This small, standalone structure sits at the Southern end of a 243m2 property in Berhampore. The existing house is a compact two-bedroom Victorian cottage and is occupied by a couple and their two young sons. Space in the house is at a premium, increasingly so as the boys grow older. The new Studio is designed to provide flexible additional space such as catering for children’s play, as a place for a peaceful retreat, study or overflow accommodation. Whilst it is separate from the house at the end of the rear yard, it is visually connected and linked by sheltered outdoor space.

Both the deck, pergola, and the main interior space have been conceived as one triangulated structure, stitching together the spaces and reinforcing the interior-exterior connection, while relating to the delicacy of the surrounding vegetation. Materials are unadorned, raw and but carefully assembled.

The main space of the Studio faces North, with a bathroom and storage area at the rear and a mezzanine sleeping / play/storage area above. The Studio sits above the ground on timber piles, with a deck extending northwards back towards the house. The deck is cut around an existing olive tree on the Westside.

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Junction Details

Overall Structure

Pergola Roof

OSB Board

Timber Frame

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Chapter 2: Case Analysis & Process Development sketch

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Plan Process

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Structure Process

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Chapter 3: Final Design

CABIN ONE：4 Person Occupancy

CABIN TWO：2 Person Occupancy

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CABIN ONE：4 Person Occupancy

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Location

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KEY 1 DECKING 2 HALLWAY 3 LIVING 4 KITCHEN 5 BEDROOM 1 6 BATH 7 BATH 8 BEDROOM 2 9 BACOLNY

Scale 1:100

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ROOF

TIMBER FRAME

WOOD CLADDING

STUD WALL

FOUNDATION

WOOD PILLAR

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KEY 1 KITCHEN 2 CORRIDOR 3 LIVING ROOM

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KEY 1 LIVING ROOM 2 BEDROOM 3 TERRACE

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BEDROOM

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KITCHEN

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FRONT ELEVATION

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REAR ELEVATION

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LEFT ELEVATION

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RIGHT ELEVATION

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CABIN TWO：2 Person Occupancy

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KEY 2

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Scale 1:100 @A4

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1 ENTRY 2 STUDY 3 BATHROOM 4 KITCHEN 5 LIVING ROOM 6 BEDROOM 7 BACOLNY

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2 1

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KEY 1 BEDROOM 2 CORRIDOR 3 LIVING ROOM

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KEY 1 KITCHEN 2 CORRIDOR 3 STUDY ROOM

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CORRIDOR

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LIVING ROOM

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REAR ELEVATION

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FRONT ELEVATION

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LEFT ELEVATION

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RIGHT ELEVATION

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