Portfolio kunZhao

ARCHITECTURAL COORDINATES PORTFOLIO | ZHAO KUN Selected Works 2011-2014

APPLICATION TO STUDY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH UUN: s1529851 Tel: +86-13512061981 Email: zhaokun0228@hotmail.com

CONTENTS

PROJECT 1. DOUBLE-WEAVING ............................................................................................................................... 02 skyscraper design, indepedent work

PROJECT 2. INTERPRETED COURTYARDS ................................................................................................................. 16 studio of artists design, indepedent work

PROJECT 3. DANCING EIGHT-SHAPE ........................................................................................................................ 30 nursing home design, indepedent work

i think of architecture as a way to explore the world the society is evolving and the world is changing i attempt to ponder over this world in a way of architecture i am always trying to find architectural way to solve the problems so, i establish an ARCHITECTURAL COORDINATES to accommodate the whole world

PROJECT 4. NATIONAL CONVENTION CENTER DESIGN .......................................................................................... 42 professional competition entry, collaboration work

PROJECT 5. TIANJIN BOARDCASTING BUILDING DESIGN ....................................................................................... 50 professional competition entry, collaboration work

PERIPHERY .................................................................................................................................................................. 56 construction drawing practice, survey & mapping practice and photography

1

Project 1

DOUBLE-WEAVING

Aiming to combine form and ecological technique, this project is to explore a new concept of skyscraper. skyscraper design independent work location: tianjin time: May.2014

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3

CONCEPT DIAGRAM TRADITIONAL vs. NEW

- traditional: box-like, boring - new: 3D-curved surface new type has more attractve appearance than the boring box

- traditional: greenery on the ground - new: greenery up in the air new type has more creative relationship between building and nature by moving garden upwards

- traditional: isolated ventilation - new: air move through the building new type creates an atrium inside itself, promoting ventilation, saving more energy and improving feeling of comfort

The “ruins� of high-rise building group in Yujiabu, Binhai District in Tianjin.

- traditional: dark inside - new: bright inside new type guides natural light deep inside the building to lighten the interior space, reducting energy cost in lighting

THE TRADITIONAL HIGH-RISE BUILDING HAS DIED.

SITE STRATEGY In contemporary China, high-rise building may be the most common type in the process of rapid urbanization. In many cities, new-developed districts always have quantities of high-rise under construction. The picture above is taken in Yujiabu, the planned CBD in Binhai District, which is a new district in Tianjin. It was once the biggest construction plant in China, and the government poured lots of money. While, in case of economic crisis, many projects have to stop in the halfway. These box-like buildings have monotonous appearance. The picture conveys a kind of depressed atmosphere of the city. It is not hard to imagine the awful city-scape if these box-shape projects get finished. City consisted of boxes has aroused many problems. Traditional high-rise mode becomes ill in some degrees, making people both working and living inside and passing by feel unsatisfied. The high-rise building calls for new ideas. The high-rise building needs creative ideas.

4

The site is located in Yujiabu, Binhai District in Tianjin. The district is in a large barren land. There is no existing context at all. Under such circustance, the new high-rise building seeks to find an all new way to solve the problems mentioned above , creating a new mode of living and working in the high-rise building.

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6

REGULAR HIGHRISE BUILDING

INSERT ATRIUM

R O TAT E T H E FLOORS

CURVED GLASS SKIN ADDED

GARDENS UP IN THE AIR

- circulation core in the center and copies of layers - all floors are the same - regular external shape

- atrium around the circulation core - guide light deep into the building - space lit from both inside and outside

- floors rotated with different degrees - the degrees of rotation arranged in a mathematical series - floors are the same except the angles

- a curved glass skin added as the external edge of the room - the glass skin has its own form logic - there are some place between the skin and the edge of the floors

- some floor slabs are cut to make room for gardens - the gardens are located outside the glass skin

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CIRCULATION CORE

INNER FRAMES

INNER GLASS CURTAIN WALL

OUTSIDE

8 curved glass surface as the inner skin of the building

oval slabs made of steel with high intensity

curved glass surface as the outer skin of the building

main structure of the building, made up of steel pipes

vertical circulation hub made of reinforced concrete

part of the structure of the building, made up of steel pipes

FLOOR SLABS

steel subdivided frame to enhance the stability

AXONOMETRIC DIAGRAM huge fan to help air move upwards

GLASS FACADE

OUTER FRAMES

SUBDIVIDED FRAMES

INSIDE

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SECTION fan on the top to pull air move up

circulation core

atrium around the circulation core

skin partly seperated from the outer frame

SCENE 1

skin totally seperated from the outer frame

SCENE 2

skin stuck with the outer frame

SCENE 3

outdoor garden on the slabs

air coming in through the garden cold air coming in from the bottom

cold air coming in through the garden

cold air coming in from the bottom

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STRUCTURE FRAME The structure of the skyscraper is made up of two parts: the outer frame and the inner frame. The frames are weaved by high tensile steel pipes. Both the outer frame and the inner frame present an appearance of nets. The net consists of two types of pipes, which curve to different directions. The form simulates what from weaving, which provides enough strength to support the load.

OUTER FRAME

- curved steel pipe in anti-clockwise directions

- curved steel pipe in clockwise directions

- curved steel pipe in anti-clockwise directions

- curved steel pipe in clockwise directions

INNER FRAME

VARIOUS ELEVATION The wiggly shape of the building results in various appearance. The diversity of the elevations makes the skyscraper unique: it can be seen as 360 sorts of appearance from 360 angles. This unique quality is the essence point which makes it different from the existing boring boxes. Well, it can lead the trends of skyscrapers in the future.

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PLANS

LOGIC OF PLANS

DT-15

DT-14

DT-14

DT-15 下

上 FM乙4

floor9

floor10

floor27

floor28

floor45

floor46

floor63

floor64

floor81

下

上

DT-13

DT-13

DT-14

DT-14

DT-13

DT-13

上

下

上

下

DT-8

FM乙4

DT-8

floor11

floor26

floor29

floor44

floor47

floor62

floor65

floor80

floor7

floor12

floor25

floor30

floor43

floor48

floor61

floor66

floor79

The edge of glass skin changes in every layer as the diagram shows.

It seperates the interior space and the garden outdoors.

9474

floor8

DT-15

下

上

DT-15

DT-14

DT-14

DT-13

DT-13

上

下

上

下

下

FM乙4

上

DT-14

DT-14

DT-13

DT-13

上

下

上

下

FM乙4 9474

12000

DT-8 DT-15

DT-14 下

上

DT-13

DT-8

DT-15

DT-14

DT-13

下

FM乙4

上

DT-14

DT-14

DT-13

DT-13

FM乙4 12000

DT-8

floor6

floor13

floor24

floor31

floor42

floor49

floor60

floor67

floor78

floor5

floor14

floor23

floor32

floor41

floor50

floor59

floor68

floor77

floor4

floor15

floor22

floor33

floor40

floor51

floor58

floor69

floor76

floor3

floor16

floor21

floor34

floor39

floor52

floor57

floor70

floor75

floor2

floor17

floor20

floor35

floor38

floor53

floor56

floor71

floor74

floor1

floor18

floor19

floor36

floor37

floor54

floor55

floor72

floor73

DT-8

The ellipse layer rotates in different degrees and forms the figure of building.

FIGURE OF GLASS SKIN

TOP VIEW OF THE PLANS 14

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Project 2

INTERPRETED COURTYARDS This project is based on rigorious analysis of the traditonal courtyards. The essence of the design is the interpretation of the traditional space. studio of artists design indepedent work location: shaoxing time: Sept.2013

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courtyard

Courtyard is the focus of the traditonal space as well as the research object in this proposal. Courtyard needs to be reformed to adapt contemporary requirements.

BASIC CONCEPT

- courtyards scattering on the groundfloor.

- comfortable but couldn’t meet the need of FAR.

- courtyards scattering both on the groundfloor and upper floors.

- it forms a system of VERTICAL COURTYARDS.

SITE STRATEGY The fading traditonal space is replaced by boring living-boxes.

THE TRADITIONAL SPACE NEEDS TO BE INTERPRETED.

The site is located in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, where traditional city landscape and context are well-preserved. The surrouding of the site is filled with small houses, forming a consolidated landscape. This proposal is to build an artist workshop-collection. According to the requirement, the area needed will be much bigger than the adjacent houses. By scattering the volume into small boxes, the new building can fit in the local context naturally and created an atmosphere of traditonal space inside the building, in a way of plugin in a large number of courtyards.

SITE PLAN

For a long time, Chinese residents had forgotten that they once lived in the picturesque traditional gardens. As the rapid development of this country, the traditional space faded step by step in the city, replaced by a huge amount of boring living-boxes. This kind of change exerted sigificant influence not only on the field of architecture, but also deeply on the lifestyle of ordinary people. The lack of traditional space also took away the tradition manners and communication. When people got tired of the boring building and become eager to re-experiece the charm of living in traditional coutyards, they found it hard to reproduce the atmosphere but easy to rebuild the form. So, the building box with a large tradition roof emerged in large numbers. However, this is fake tradition.

People need truly recurrence of traditional space. In other words, the traditional space needs to be interpreted.

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CASE STUDY

PROGRAM OF COURTYARD

Yi Pu is a famous private garden in Suzhou in south China. The part of house consists of buildings and courtyards. The analysis of the courtyards will provide reference for the design.

The program of courtyard is determined by the relationship to the house. Different relationships call for different requirements, and decide different characters.

backyard / white wall / surrounded by opposed sides / no roof / quiet

FORECOURT - forecourt is always located in front of the house.

- to enter the house, you must walk through the forecourt.

- forecourt often presents a character of noisy and public atmosphere.

house backyard / white wall / surrounded by 3 sides / no roof / quiet

forecourt

BACKYARD - backyard is always located at the back of the house.

- to enter the backyard, you must walk through the house.

- backyard often presents a character of quiet and private atmosphere.

backyard backyard / white wall / surrounded by 4 sides / no roof / quiet

house

AISLE SPACE - aisle space is always located beside the house. aisle space - generally you can’t enter the aisle space directely from the house. The aisle s p ace u s u aly co n n ects forecourt and backyard.

- backyard often presents a character of transpotation.

backyard aisle space / colonnade / surrounded by opposed sides / half-roof cover / transpotation

house forecourt

PATIO forecourt / colonnade / surrounded by 4 sides / no roof / assembly

house

patio

- patio is always located between the houses.

- generally you can enter the patio directely from all sides.

- backyard often presents a character of introvert.

forecourt / white wall / surrounded by 4 sides / half-roof / quiet

MATERIALS OF COURTYARDS WHITEPAINT

YI PU, SUZHOU

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BAMBOO

STONEWORK

BLACK BRICK

WOODEN

patio / colonnade / surrounded by 4 sides / halfroof / quiet

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FIGURE-GROUND RELATION BETWEEN HOUSES AND COURTYARDS

PROTOTYPE OF COURTYARD Prototypes of courtyards are determined by several elements: situation of shield, tranparency of the wall, height of the wall and form of enclosure. The prototype of courtyard is a kind of reflection of the quality of space. none

full

half

none

full

half

full

half

4 sides

3 sides

HOUSES

The figure-ground diagram is to balance the relationship between houses and courtyards. The distribution of courtyards is like the distribution of houses, creating a harmony relationship between courtyards and houses. The distribution of courtyards contains several prototypes and the four programs mentioned above.

COURTYARDS

SITUATION OF SHIELD TRANSPARENCY OF THE WALL HEIGHT OF THE WALL 2 sides

2 sides oppesed

FORM OF ENCLOSURE

CATALOGUE OF PROTOTYPES

DISTRIBUTION OF COURTYARDS P23

22

P01

P02

P03

P04

P05

P06

P07

P08

P09

P10

P11

P12

P13

P14

P15

P16

P17

P18

P19

P20

P21

P22

P23

P24

P25

P26

P27

P28

P29

P30

P02

P03 P20

P05

P26 P10 P23 P18 P21

P13

P01

P21 P25

P21 P27 P04 P28 P21

P02 P22 P05 P25

P09 P10 P10 P12

P27

P10

P21

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PLANS

VENTILATION ANALYSIS

Each floor has multiple courtyards, forming a system of vertical courtyards and abundant space. The plan is controlled by the grid with a basic unit of 4x4m.

The vetilation analysis provides suggestion for the material of walls of the courtyards: the wall in the route of summer prevailing wind direction is hollowed, while the wall on the winter prevailing wind direction is solid.

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2

WINTER

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1

1

3

2

4

5

2

10 11

6

9 10

10

SUMMER

5

2

2

5

2

10

2

2

8 7

5

2 5

10

12 10

1

exhibition hall studio of artist lecture hall meeting room

5 storage 6 tea house 7 cafe 8 restaurant

2

2 10

12

5

2

5

GROUNDFLOOR 1 2 3 4

2

12

10

11

5

5

THIRD FLOOR

SECOND FLOOR 9 kitchen 10 staff office 11 sales 12 multiple hall

PROGRAM ANALYSIS STUDIO OF ARTISTS

EXHIBITION HALL

- located on the top layer of the building.

- individual and private.

- multiple sizes provided to meet the need of different artists.

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PLACE OF LEISURE

- located on the lower layer of the building.

- public and easy to reach.

- connect both studios and ground , playing a role of the bridge.

- located at the center of the building.

- public and easy to reach.

- teahouse and cafe on the top, with a beautiful view of the scenery.

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AXONOMETRIC SECTIONS The diversity of courtyards and the distribution of houses create the abundance of space of the whole building. Continuous sections are the best way to present the abundance.

K

J

I

H

G

F

E

D

C k j

B

i h g f

A

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e d c b a

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CONTINUOUS SCENES The abundant space created by the system of courtyards make it possible to wander in this building. Every position you stand can be a wonderful site to have a beautiful scenery.

The scenes change as people walk around.

So it is a collage of contiuous scenes.

A

B

E

F

C

d c

f

g

a

e b

D 28

G 29

Project 3

DANCING EIGHT-SHAPE This proposal focuses on the architectural solution to the aging problem, aiming to coordinate the relationship between function and form. nursing home design independent work location: tianjin time: Nov.2013

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STATISTICS AND PREDICTIONS OF POPULATION IN CHINA

RELATIONSHIP BEWTEEN SPACE AND NEEDS stay alone privacy

AMOUNT OF ELDERLY POPULATION individual needs

intimacy

indoors outdoors

physical needs

home care semi-privacy

semi-public

RATIO THAT ELDERLY POPULATION TO TOTAL POPULATION

diet

public needs public

recreation

service facility

service

transpotation

interaction

classrooms

walking

cultural facility

tourism

health needs

education

entertainment facility

entertainment

sports facility

medical care

medical facility

security

security facility

security needs

mental needs

social needs

DEPENDENT COEFFICIENT

Nowadays, the ratio that elderly population to total population is always treated as a main measure of the aging society internationally. When the ratio that population aged above 60 to total population is over 10%, or the ratio that aged above 65 to total population is over 7% in one region or nation, it can be concluded that the local society steps into aging society.

By the end of 2010, the total population aged 60 or over in China was 185 million. The figure is expected to increase to 221 million by 2015, when it will account for 16 percent of the country’s total population. Definitely, It cannot be overemphasized how much pressure China’s aging society will put on almost every aspect of society.

As the growth of elderly population, the need for nursing home rises up swiftly as well. Except advanced device and more nursing staff, the space that elder people living in and the way they are living are also the spot that we should focuse on.

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ELDERLY PEOPLE NEED CARING IN ARCHITECTURAL WAY.

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SITE STRATEGY

CONCEPT DIAGRAM The site is located in an old and large urban residential district, which was established in 1950s. A large amount of old people live in this area. Service facility, including nursing house, is absent in the neighbourhood. So a new public residence for the elderly is essential, which is not only able to hold old people, but also can give service to the whole aged resident in this district.

SITE PLAN

THE MEANING OF EIGHT-SHAPE

The low require of FAR of this site has decided the low height of the building. To take full advantage of the site and create the low-density atmosphere for the elderly people, the volume of building spreads on the site as a shape of number “eight”. The eight-shape has multiple meanings in architectural way.

INNER CHARACTER - the eight-shape creates two inner courtyard, enhancing the feeling of security of the elderly people.

- the two inner courtyards are set apart, the one on the west is more quiet and full of greenery, while the one on the east is somehow more active and set for sports.

INNER-CORNER ENTRANCE SPACE - the eight-shape has two inner-corner entrance space on the outside boundary, which distribute at the north and south sides.

- the inner-corner space attracts the elderly people in the neighbourhood.

- the south inner-corner space is the main entrance.

BIRD EYE’S VIEW EIGHT-SHAPE

CONTINUOUS WALKWAY - the eight-shape forms a continous walkway on the roof.

- continuous walkway is a sort of endless space.

- the roof garden and walkway are the leisure place in consideration of the elderly people’s health.

SUNLIGHT ANALYSIS SPRING

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SUMMER

AUTUMN

WINTER

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14

14

15

15

15

15

9 8

18

4 18 5 18

13

17

6

17

3 7

6

12

2

7

17

1

7

16

10

11

11

GROUNDFLOOR PLAN PROGRAM ARRANGEMENT - programs are arranged around the main hall and atrium, which located in the center of the building.

- there are programs such as public function, dormitory, restaurant, general affairs, outgoing service set in the nursing home.

- multiple programs are distributed in the eight-shape volume the way as the diagram shows in a reasonable arrangements.

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cafe

club

hair -dressing

cinema

gym

billiards

teahouse

hall dormitory

dormitory office

staff medical

restaurant

storage

foyer

kitchen reception

watch -room

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1 2 3 4 5 6

foyer watchroom VIP reception hall cafe hairdressing

7 club 8 cinema 9 reading 10 teahouse 11 shop 12 shower

13 swimming pool 14 service desk 15 dormitory 16 dining hall 17 kitchen 18 storage

SERVICE FOR THE WHOLE NEIGHBOURHOOD

roof garden reading

11

outgoing service

pool

shower

- the nursing home is set not only for the elderly people living in it, but also for the whole neighbourhood.

- restaurant and outgoing service such as shop and teahouse are distributed on the south side on the groundfloor, facing the streets.

- there exists plenty of apartments around the side, especially to the south side. Contrary to the south, there is a school beside the north boundary of the side.

So the restaurant and outgoing service are set on the south side of the building.

restaurant

outgoing sevice

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AXONOMETRIC DIAGRAM 7

7

8 2

6

9

8

6

1

6

10

9

3

roof garden made up of grass, shrub and footpath, continuous slope

1 2 3 4

hall magzine pool club club

11

7

8

5 table tennis 6 void 7 service desk 8 dormitory

12

6

4

7

earth covering the thickness of earth ranges from 1.2m to 3.5m

5

8

SECOND FLOOR

9 staff office 10 staff dormitory 11 watchroom 12 storage

5

6 7

medical care located on 3f in the east wing

3

11

staff office & dormitory located on 2f & 3f in the west wing

8

1 2

12 4

8 10

2

12

dormitory area dormitory area made up of rooms and a service desk in the open area

swimming pool & shower located on 1f in the east wing

dormitory area

5

1 2 3 4

hall void gym tea house

5 service desk 6 dormitory 7 nursing desk 8 consulting room

9

6

THIRD FLOOR

9 medical office 10 sickroom 11 meeting room 12 staff office

circulation hub eight in total, at the corner of the building

circulation hub

outgoing service located on 1f in the south wing, open to the street kitchen & storage located on 1f in the west wing, adjacent to the reastaurant

1

2

public activity area at the center of the building, with a series of open space and ramps restaurant located on 1f in the south wing, open to the street

1 footpath 2 grass

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ROOF FLOOR 39

PUBLIC ACTIVITY SPACE The public activity area is located at the center of the building. Continuous ramps link different layers. Atrium is set at the center to provoke more interaction of sights. The space is the main space of the building, aiming to increase communication between the elderly people.

SECTION A

earth covering thickness is about 1.5m, which is attribute to the energy saving of the building.

SCENE 1 perspective in the inner courtyard

SCENE 2 perspective in the inner-corner entrance space

SECTION B

SCENE 3 perspective on the roof garden

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Project 4

NATIONAL CONVENTION CENTER DESIGN I mainly participated in this project in deepening the design. competition entry collaboration with tvsdesign of USA professional work location: tianjin time: Jun.2012

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BIRD EYE’S VIEW

SITE LOCATION

SITE ANALYSIS CONSTRAINTS

CONTEXT

LAND USE

CIRCULATION

SITE PLAN

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45

PERSPECTIVE OF CONCENTION CENTER

SYSTEM DIAGRAMS LAND USE

LANDSCAPE

MASS TRANSIT

PEDESTRIAN CIRCULATION

VEHICULAR CIRCULATION

STREET CHARACTER

BUILDING HEIGHT

UNDERGROUND MASTER PLAN

DISTRICT PROGRAM

DISTRICT PROGRAMS

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SITE PLAN OF CONCENTION CENTER

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EXTERIOR VIEW

INTERIOR VIEW

SYSTEM DIAGRAMS

SPATIAL FORM ANALYSIS

BUILDING ORGANIZATION

CIRCULATION & ENTRANCES

REGISTRATION, FOOD & BEVERAGE - GROUND LEVEL

REGISTRATION, FOOD & BEVERAGE - MEZZANINE LEVEL

CONCOURSE CONCEPT - CONNECTING TO GARDEN

EXHIBITION HALL

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Project 5

TIANJIN BOARDCASTING BUILDING DESIGN I mainly participated in this project in the phases of putting forward the concept and deepening the design. competition entry collaboration with TADI professional work location: tianjin time: Jul.2011

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OVERALL BIRD EYE’S VIEW

SITE STRATEGY ADJACENT BUILDINGS ANALYSIS

52

LANDSCAPE & SIGHT ANALYSIS

SPATIAL ANALYSIS

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INTERIOR SCENE 1

INTERIOR SCENE 2

INTERIOR SCENE 3 54

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Periphery

CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS DESIGN

project: tianjin boardcasting building construction details design independent work professional work in TADI location: tianjin design time: Oct.2012

FACADE

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DETALS OF SECTION

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Periphery

SURVEY & MAPPING PRACTICE

project: giant buddha temple location: zhangye, gansu, china role: survey, mapping and plan, section & facade drawings time: Aug.2008

Periphery

PHOTOGRAPHY

FACADE

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59

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