Landscape Booklet - An Introduction to Egyptian plants by Ziad Labib

Landscape Booklet Ziad Labib 12/1638 Submitted to Dr. Khaled Asfour

Content 1.

28. Strelitzia Reginae 29. Schinus Terebinthifolus 30. Spathodea Campanulata 31. Taxodium Distichum 32. Tecoma Stans 33. Thevetia Neriifolia 34. Terminalia Catappa

Trees 1. Albizia Julibrissin 2. Araucaria Bidwillii 3. Bambusa Vulgaris 4. Cassia Glauca 5. Cassia Nodosa 6. Chamaecyparissus lawsoniana 7. Chorisia Speciosa 8. Citrus Medica 9. Cupressus Macrocorpa 10. Cupressus Sempervirens 11. Erythrina Caffra 12. Eucalyptus Rostrata 13. Ficus Auriculata 14. Ficus Benjamina 15. Ficus Elastica Decora 16. Ficus Hawaii 17. Ficus Lyrata 18. Ficus Microcarpa 19. Ficus Sycomorus 20. Ficus Trigonata 21. Jacaranda Ovalifolia 22. Khaya Senegalensis 23. Parkinsonian Aculeata 24. Plumeria Alba 25. Poinciana Regia 26. Putranjiva Roxburghii 27. Salix Babylonica

20. Ocimum Basilicum 21. Pelargonium Zonale 22. Penisetum Puerperium 23. Petunia 24. Phyllanthus Atropurureus 25. Plumbago Capensis 26. Pittosporum Tobira 27. Ruellia Brittoniana 28. Rosa Hybrida 29. Tecomaria Capensis 30. Salvia Farinacea 31. Salvia Splendens 32. Senecio Cineraria

Shrubs 1. Acalypha Wilkesiana 2. Atriplex Halimus 3. Bougainvillea Glabra 4. Dahlia 5. Dracaena species 6. Caesalpinia Gilliesii 7. Carissa Grandiflora 8. Cestrum Aurantiacum 9. Clitoria ternatea 10. Cordyline Fruticosa 11. Coreopsis 12. Dodonea Viscosa 13. Duranta Plumieri 14. Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis 15. Ipomeas pes-caprae 16. Lantana Camara 17. Monstera Deliciosa 18. Mentha Viridis 19. Nerium Oleander

Full sun Cloudy to full sun

Ground Cover 1. Alternanthera Species 2. Asparagus Densiflorus 3. Dimorphotheca Ecklonis 4. Euryops Acraeus 5. Gaillardia Pulchella 6. Gazania 7. Tagetes Erecta 8. Tradescantia Pallida â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Purpureaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; 9. Santorini Chamaecyparissus 10. Solenostemon Scutellarioides 11. Vinca- Catharanthus Roseus 12. Verbena Hybrida 13. Wedalia Trilobata

* All pictures are taken by me either at Al Azhar Park, New Cairo, Festival city, MIU, Orman Park, Downtown new cairo, Family park

Succulents & Cactus 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Agave Atrovirens Agave Americana Cereus Peruvianus Echinocactus Grusonii Euphorbia Milli Furcraea Foetida Kalanchoe Fedtschenkoi Yucca Elephantipes

Palms 1. Bismarakia Nobilis 2. Chrysalidocarpus Lutsenc 3. Chamaedorea Seifrizii 4. Chamaerops Humilis 5. Cycas 6. Livistona Rotundifolia 7. Phoenix Dactlifera 8. Washingtonia Robusta 9. Ravenala madagascariensis 10. Roystonea Regia 11. Sabal Yapa 12. Syagrus Romanzoffianum 13. Wodyetia Bifurcata

Trees

Albizia Julibrissin

‫لبخ رفيع‬

Comment:

Identification Type:

Deciduous

Known as:

Silk Tree, Pink Iris

Origin:

S. & E. Asia

This showy tree stands out in color. With its pink flower in its bloom time, the tree is very distinguishable amongst a landscape. Its texture adds to its beauty and color appealing the comfort of our emotions extended by its aromatic flowers that reach out to spectators.

Properties Leaves

1.5cm sick-shaped.

Flowers

Pink, 4cm, April-May

Fruits/Propagation

12-20cm pod, 8 seeds.

Growth Rate:

Fast

Its dark-greyish trunk is not so wide. The trees branches do not sweep down but rather extend horizontally. They leaflets are soft to the touch and its flowers look much like cotton. Its branches are mostly transparent thus not providing complete shade.

Water Required:

40-50 Liter/ day

- Long lasting- 55-60 years

Description and features:

- Aromatic flowers

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

6-12m 10-15 m

Radius:

2-4m 3-4m

Spacing

2-4m 9-12 m

Roots

50-70cm

Bloom

Design Usage:

- Ornamental in parks and gardens where its colors can stand out.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Albizia Julibrissin Layers

1. Albizia Julibrissin

2. Tecomaria

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

4. Rosa Hybrid 5. Pelargonium Zonale

3. Cestrum Aurantiacum Comment: Combining the radiant colors of these plants expresses vibrancy. The smooth textures of each of these plants radiates the delicacy of nature. Combined with the aromas of these plants, they offer a calm atmosphere of healing and intimacy.

Keywords: Warm â&#x20AC;&#x201C; delicate â&#x20AC;&#x201C; smooth - harmony Settings:

2 5

Benches, private small gardens. Type: cottage

3 4

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

2 2

3 1

‫أروكاريا بدويلية‬

Araucaria Bidwillii Comment:

Identification Type:

Coniferous

Known as:

Bunya Bunya Pine

Origin:

Australia

The Araucaria retains its royalty not only due to its ornamental shape but its proportions. The small width to height gives a grandeur scale.

Properties Leaves

Pointed, Evergreen

Flowers

None

Fruits/Propagation

Small oval seeds

Growth Rate:

Medium

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Description and features: it is a tall evergreen tree that attains a triangular dome canopy at maturity. When youthful, the tree has a pyramid-like habit with a tall central leading tip. The leaves are dark green, brighter when new, and waxy, stiff and notably sharp at their elongated tip.

Design Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Grow outdoors year-round. Dimensions Height

18-25m 10-15 m

Radius:

4.5m-6m 3-4m

Spacing

12m 9-12 m

Roots

50-70cm

Bloom

Suitable for growing in containers.

suitable for growing indoors

A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Araucaria Bidwillii Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. araucaria 2. Cupressus 3. Dodonea

Comment:

The degradation of color in this group makes it unique and address the appearance of hierarchy. The combination of the Amarnthus and Durante Erecta at the first layer combine different colors that are further seen in the tricolor Amarnthus. This opposite, however, is found in the Ficus Hawaii as the gold color is prevailed and the darker green is hidden.

This grouping also adds to the activity of the place as the Ficus Hawaii attracts birds. Contrasting colors in the first layer are create a erythematic effect of different colors that unite at the top.

2 2

Keyword: Grand – Luxurious – Royal Setting: Private or public gardens – Hedge or borders Type: Meditteranean, Country Garden

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Bambusa Vulgaris

Trees Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Bamboo

Known as:

Common Bamboo

Origin:

China and Trop. Africa

Tropical in form, this plant creates a dense pattern of close trunk that resemble columns. Used for shelter and protection for its extending foliage, this plant is also cut for material and a source of food making it a productive plant.

Foliage

Linear, Lance shaped, 20cm

Description:

Flowers

Plant dies when it flowers

Fruits/Propagation

Rarely seen, cuttings.

Growth Rate:

fast

Water Required:

5-7 Liter/ day

Properties

It is evergreen and forms in groups and clusters. Its branches are slender and its leaves are very thing and individually transparent. The tree is very distinct in trunk that is horizontally separated by then dividing lines.

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Wind breaker

Dimensions Height

15-20m

Radius:

Indefinite

Spacing

Roots

70-90cm

Around lakes, ponds or courtyards

Bloom 1

Hedges

https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/7105/Euryops-acraeus/Details A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Bambusa Vulgaris Layers

1. Bambusa Vulgaris 2. Strelitzia

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Pelargonium 4. Nymphaea Lotus

Comment: Dominated by the tropical feeling, this grouping expresses lushness. The modest reflection of medium green foliage in the all the tree would perfectly blind in coastal areas or lakes. The bambusa dominating would stand above the Strelitzia. The extending foliage would extend and create the free atmosphere with the wind perfect for large open space such as lakes and beach. The pelargonium would complete the connection with Strelitzia with its smooth texture and showy flowers. The lotus would be the ‘lake-cover’ creating a warm green extending the bambusa to the lotus.

2 3

Keywords: Lush – Free – warm Settings

Lakes, ponds, beach or coastal areas Type: Tropical

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Cassia Glauca

‫كاسيا سبيكتابيلس‬ Comment:

Identification Type:

Deciduous

Known as:

Origin:

E. Himalayas, Tropical Asia

The fusion between its evergreen leaves and yellow flowers brighten the overall image of the tree. Creating an attractive sight to its spectators, this tree also extends its branches downwards, in most cases, towards its visitors.

Leaves

60cm, 7cm each,compound

Description:

Flowers

60cm Compound

Fruits/Propagation

Cylindrical, 20-30cm Long

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Properties

This evergreen tree is most known for its compound foliage. Its leaves are grouped in 10-15 pairs extended throughout its branches. Spotted through the whole tree are its aromatic yellow flowers. -Long living 40-50 years -Open spreading crown shape

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

10-15m 10-15 m

Radius:

5-6m 3-4m

Spacing

10-12m 9-12 m

Roots

50-70cm

Usage

Bloom 11

-Shade tree in parks and gardens -Ornamental aesthetic purposes.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Cassia Glauca Layers

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Cassia Glauca 2. Wedalia 3. Duranta

The Cassia Glauca beautiful form and colors requires its to stand out alone. Giving emphasizes on the radiant yellow colors, no other colors must interrupt. The cassia Glauca would be in the center with Wedalia surrounding its base creating a mat and the Duranta creating a continuous border around this island.

1 2

Keywords: Emphasis â&#x20AC;&#x201C; landmarks â&#x20AC;&#x201C; focal point

Setting Landscape islands, intersection point

Type: Mediterranean

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

‫كاسيا نودوزا‬

Cassia Nodosa Comment:

Identification Type:

Deciduous

Known as:

Apple Blossom Tree

Origin:

East Asia

During the dry season the plant becomes filled with pink or white flowers, creating most spectacular effects. Branches, up to 6m long, are covered by masses of numerous flowers. They flow gracefully downward to the ground covering the spectators.

Properties Foliage

14-24 leaves, 10cm.

Flowers (Aromatic)

Pink, White.

Fruits/Propagation

30-45cm

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

40-50 Liter/ day

Description and features: This deciduous tree blooms white and pink flowers if placed in direct sunlight. It cannot handle freezing temperatures and can withstand dry seasons and offer wide shade areas and fragrance to its visitors.. Tolerates Drought and salt, Fragrant Flowers, Attracts Butterflies

Sun Exposure: Design Usage: Dimensions Height

10-15 m

Radius:

3-4m

Spacing

9-12 m

Roots

50-70cm

Reference.

Bloom

Garden, Park, Shade, Specimen

http://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succuculants

Palms

Cassia Nodosa Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. Cassia Nodosa 3. Duranta Erecta 2. Poinciana Regia

4. Senecio Cineraria

Comment:

This grouping results expresses delicacy and movement. The Cassia Nodosa is the wide spreading shady tree dominate along with the Poinciana creating a vast network of green sky. Their flowers remain focal points as the Duranta Erecta and Senecio Cineraria remain simple and modest but create a bright frame around these plants

Keyword: Delicacy- Movement â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Green sky Setting:

House entrance gardens Parking lots shaded sitting area island. Type: Country Garden

1 A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l

1 2

Chamaecyparissus lawsoniana Comment:

Identification Arabic Name

Chamaecyparissus

Known as:

Lawson false cypress

Origin:

North America

Powerful and elegant, this large tree is known for its unique crown or pyramidical shape. Its resemble luxury meanwhile its foliage is scale-like and bright green

Properties Leaves

Opposite, scale-like, evergreen, up to 4cm

Flowers

Red, blue hidden rare.

Fruits/Propagation

Round, conical, up to 12cm, brown

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

70-80 Liter/ day

Description: Its branches extend upwards and never arch downwards, creating this powerful form and shape. With the evergreen scale-like foliage sometimes extending downwards to spectators.

Sun Exposure:

Usage: Dimensions Height

12-16m

Radius:

2.2-4

Spacing

4.5-8m

Roots

Bloom

Over large areas in parks for optimal view

Golf courses

A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l Reference. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/st154

http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Chamaecyparissus lawsoniana Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. Chamaecypari 3. Cupressus ssus Sempervirens lawsoniana 4. Duranta Erecta 2. Cupressus Macrocorpa

Comment: Extremely luxurious and elegant, all these plant can be trimmed to form modern geometrical forms. This formal grouping can be used over large areas, entrances or focal points. The textures, shades, and form reflect each other creating a uniform theme of scale like foliage offering the atmosphere with radiant aroma Keyword

Formal –uniform – elegant – luxurious

Setting Entrances – focal points – large parks or gardens Type: Mediterranean – foliage garden

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Chorisia Speciosa

Trees Comment:

Identification Type:

Deciduous

Known as:

Ceiba, Floss Silk Tree

Origin:

South America

Annual in bloom and expression, this plant appear aggressive and gloomy in the winter with its spiky trunk with silverfish thorns but appear friendly and elegant in the summer with its attractive showy flower.

Leaves

Compound, 5-7cm, Palmate

Description:

Flowers

Creamy-White, 10-15cm February-May

Fruits/Propagation

Ovoid Pods 2cm

Growth Rate:

Fast

Its bottle-shaped trunk extend to the large deciduous plant. It stores water in its bulging lower third that contains conical pickles. Its leave are compound with 5-7 cm leaflets. The flowers are creamy-whitish with pink tips and 10-15cm in diameter. Ovoid pods, 2 cm big are its seeds. It also a long living plant up to 60-70 years.

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Properties

Sun Exposure:

Usage:

Dimensions Height

15-20m

Radius:

Spacing

10m

Roots

50-70cm

Popular in gardens, streets and parks.

Bloom 1

Provides good shade in summer and allows sun to pass in winter.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Chorisia Speciosa Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. Chorisia Speciosa 2. Dodonea 3. Santorini Chamaecyparissus

Comment: Chorisia Speciosa is rarely grouped due to its elegant and distinctive characteristics. However, to create a frame that support its beauty, the Dodonea is a subtle and modest shrub that create boundaries to the large area the respected Chorisia deserves. To complete its elegant characteristics, the Santorini resemble the silver and yellow colors of the Chorisia’s bark and flowers

1 3 3

Keyword: Respect – focal point – elegance – royalty Setting Calm activities – focal point – landmark

Type: Mediterranean

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Citrus Medica

Trees Comment:

Identification

This orchard tree is most known for its unique and bizarre shaped fruit. Its hard and glowing orange edible fruit stands out amidst the warm green foliage of the citrus

Arabic Name

Nareng, Atreg

Known as:

Citron

Origin:

Mediterranean, Persia

Properties Leaves

Glossy, Ovate, 4-10cm lemon scented.

Flowers

Aromatic 5-petaled, 2-5cm, white or purple

Fruits/Propagation

Shape is highly variable, very fragrant, leathery, thick

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Description: Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a small evergreen irregular small tree or shrub that has a dense, glossy green foliage with aromatic flowers. Its thick white rind is used to make jam, however it has a medium life-span of 25-30 years.

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

2-5m

Radius:

1.5-2m

Spacing

3-4m

Roots

50-70cm

Usage:

Bloom 1

Small courts or gardens for cultivation Focal point in small areas

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Citrus Medica Layers

Trees

1. Citrus Medica 4. Cupressus Semprevirens 2. Cycas

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Pittosporum

Comment: Mediterranean and rigid, these plant create over a variety of shapes and different fragrance. The citrus Medica stands tall with its edible unique fruits and the Cycas adds elegance to this grouping. The citrus Medica foliage must not cover the luxurious Cycas foliage and must be placed beside each other. The pittosporum tobira create a dense network of bright green foliage of different form with the Cupressus semprevirens

3 4

Keyword Dense – radiant - diverse Setting Garden or park island – intersection points – sitting areas

Type:

Mediterranean gardens

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Cupressus Macrocorpa

‫السرو اللموني‬

Comment:

Identification

The pointed shaped evergreen cypress retains its beauty to radiant shade of green. Its leaves emit an aromatic lemon fragrance that transcend the clarity of the plant form and vivid color.

Type:

Coniferous

Known as:

Smooth Cypress

Origin:

Central California Coast

Properties Leaves

Aromatic, Pointed

Flowers

cones, 2.5 or 0.3 cm

Fruits/Propagation

5-20 seeds

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

40-50 Liter/ day

Description: The stems, branches and trunk of the tree are completely invisible from the dense foliage of evergreen leaves. The pointed leaves have a double side pointed shape that emit the lemon fragrance. -Aromatic -Medium living 10-15 years.

Sun Exposure:

-Trimmed for shapes

Dimensions Height

10-12m 10-15 m

Radius:

2-2.5m 3-4m

Spacing

4-5m 9-12 m

Roots

50-70cm

Bloom 11

Usage: -Wind breakers when placed in groups -Hedges and boundaries when pruned

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Cupressus Macrocorpa Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1-Durante Erecta 40cm 2-Cestrum Aurantiacum 1.5m 3- Cupressus Macro 2.5m

Comments:

This rhythm of grouping creates a aromatic environment. The cestrum emits an attractive smell during the night while the Cupressus creates a short field of lemon fragrance. This grouping is appropriate as their colors and shapes do not oppose each other and create difference forms such as the pointed shape of the Cupressus and the Cestrum has a oval shapes while the horizontal lines are defined by the Durante Erecta.

Keywords: Sensational - diversity

Setting: Royal Entrance â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Large garden (for smell) Type: Mediterranean

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Cupressus Sempervirens Comment:

Identification Arabic Name

Alsarw Al-Amoudy

Known as:

Mediterranean Cypress

Origin:

E. Mediterranean Region

Excellent specimen plant with unique distinctive colors and foliage. Standing out amongst a grouping. With wide spreading branches that reaches out to cover and protect possible nearby elements.

Properties Leaves

Evergreen, Conical, columnar, broad spreading

Flowers

Ovoid, brown or green cones, 2.5-3.5cm

Fruits/Propagation

5-20 seeds per scale

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Medium sized evergreen plant with scale likedense foliage. Extending horizontal branches with flowers 2.5-3.5cm long and aromatic flowers and leaves. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a coniferous tree that has a medium life span of 20-30years.

Sun Exposure:

Usage:

Dimensions Height

20m

Radius:

0.5-3m

Spacing

1-6m

Roots

50-70cm

Description:

Hedges or screens

Bloom 1

home landscape Small intersection point plant

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Cupressus Sempervirens Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. Cupressus 3. Thuja Sempervirens Orientalis 2. Pittosporum Tobira

4. Duranta Erecta

Comment: Rich and elegant, this grouping is formal. The scents from the larger sempervirens dominates and the bright golden thuga orientalis shade is combined with the mid green Cupressus in the Pittosporum. The Wedalia creates a color frame around the island completed with the Durante Erecta that reflect the golden shades in the grouping.

1 2

3 3

Keyword

Formal – rich – elegant Setting Island – gardens - formal entrance Type: Mediterranean garden – hierarchical type.

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Erythrina Caffra

Trees Comment:

Identification Arabic Name

Erythrina Caffra

Known as:

Cape Kafirboom, lucky bean

Origin:

E. S. Africa

This passionate and transparent tree that resemble prestige. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a highly valued tree with unique flowers and fruits.

Properties Leaves

Light Green, trifoliate, broadly ovate, elliptic, 8-16

Flowers

Warm Red 5cm, broad arching petals, in clusters

Fruits/Propagation

Dark cylindrical pods, 6.5cm, small shiny seeds

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

This deciduous mid-sized to large tree forms a round head and spreading canopy with branched are with prickles. Its beautiful foliage is also unique in shape and colors with red scarlet 5cm flowers that form in clusters. It is a long living plant of 45-50 years.

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Gardens and parks for uniqueness

Dimensions Height

9-12m

Radius:

3.5-6.5m

Spacing

7-11m

Roots

50-70cm

Description:

Bloom

Focal point

In clusters to form semi-shaded important areas

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Erythrina Caffra Layers

Trees

1. Erythrina Caffra

Comment: The Caffra is best placed alone for its unique shapes and elegant form. The plant is easily disregarded when placed among other plants and its features are best seen from nearby making this a great focal point tree. Keyword elegant – unique – passionate Setting Entrance – in small clusters – intersection points Type:

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Eucalyptus Rostrata Identification

Comment:

Type:

This magnificent Eucalyptus stands tall and strong resembling power yet helpfulness. The tree is used for wind protection, medicinal, and in case of burning its leaves repels flying bugs

Known as:

Eucalyptus, Gum Tree

Origin:

Australia, Malasia,Indonesia

Properties Leaves

Opposite Leaves, Evergreen

Description:

Flowers

Petal less, many white or yellow

Fruits/Propagation

Small, Urn-Shaped capsules

Growth Rate:

Fast

The tree has a long trunk that extends up to 15m while extending dense foliage of thing leaves that emit a faint aroma. It flowers creamy yellow or white showy flowers. Its seeds are in light green small capsules in the spring and summer. It is most known for its attractive bark, aromatic foliage, and long living up to 100-110 years.

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Sun Exposure:

Usage:

Dimensions Height

12-15m

Radius:

2.5m

Spacing

4-5m

Roots

Wind Breaker

Bloom 1

Country-Side landscape Farm borders â&#x20AC;&#x201C; dense.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Eucalyptus Rostrata Layers

1. Eucalyptus Rostrata

3. Lantana Camara

2. Nerium oleander

4. Wedalia

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Comments:

Aromatic in nature, the Eucalyptus is a grand tree that emit a calming scent. Its base however, is preferably hidden with the Nerium oleander to reflect it leaf shape in addition to adding simple colors for the first 2m. This increases in the lantana Camara as it becomes a small frame around the Nerium oleander and emits more smell, all becoming an island surrounded by the Wedalia as a mat.

2 2

Keywords: Active â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Grand - Aromatic

Setting: Great for farm in coastal areas and entrance gates in rural homes in Egypt Type: Mediterranean

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Ficus Auriculata

Trees Comment:

Identification

The large geometry of the Auriculata and its leave give a protective expression to spectators. Its wide foliage provides dense shade and form a network of a green sky.

Synonym:

Ficus Roxburghii

Known as:

Elephant Ear Fig

Origin:

S. & S.W Asia, N. Australia

Properties Leaves

Oval, 45cm diameter, grow coppery red to light green

Flowers

Inconspicuous, inside fruit

Fruits/Propagation

Edible, Round Figs, in clusters, 2.5cmX7.5cm

It is evergreen, spreading large shrub or small tree. Its foliage is oval and up to 45cm which looks like and Elephant Ear. Its not known for its flowers but its fruits that are edible. Its also a long living tree of up to 90-100 years.

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Usage:

Water Required:

40-50 Liter/ day

Not recommended over lawn areas

Sun Exposure:

Shaded sitting areas

Dimensions Height

4-6m

Radius:

2.2-3.7m

Spacing

7.5m

Roots

0.7-1m

Description:

Garden or parks

Bloom 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Ficus Auriculata Layers

1. Ficus Auriculata

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Bougainvillea

2. Terminalia Catappa Comments:

The Auriculata and Terminalia have similar shapes of leaves however, the Auriculata is large and creates a transparent network of green sky. The Terminalia is closer to the spectator reflecting a denser shaded areas we a more visible foliage. The Bougainvillea acts as a base to the simple and unappealing trunk of the Terminalia and adds cheerfulness to spectators under

Keywords Protective â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Green Sky Setting

Over picnic or sitting areas, lawn areas and parks Type: Country Garden

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

2 1

‫فيكس بينجامينا‬

Ficus Benjamina Comment:

Identification Type:

Tropical

Known as:

Weeping Fig

Origin:

Southern Asia

This Radiant tree seems to glisten and shine through the day. It outlines its different leaf colors in the shadow and in the light- surrounding the tree with bright green from the outside and dark green to spectators below. The smoothness of the leaves and bark complete the calm atmosphere.

Properties Elliptic, Glossy 5-13cm

Leaves

Description and features: Its evergreen stems and branches are arched downwards. This with leaves that are green above and lighter beneath. The tree is spotted in with small spherical figs that grow in pairs that become seeds.

Flowers Fruits/Propagation

Spherical Figs Green,Pink,Orange

Growth Rate:

Very Fast

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

-Long Living 90-100 years -Evergreen color

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

6-30m 10-15 m

Radius:

-7.5m 3-4m

Spacing

9-12 m

Roots

1-1.2m 50-70cm

Design Usage:

Bloom 11

-Fences, sold buffer, screen

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Ficus Benjamina Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. 40cm Salvia Splendens 2. 60cm Rosa Hybrida 3. Ficus Benjamina up to 3m

Comment: Uniting two plants of same colors, the Rosa Hybrida and the Salvia Splendens become one. The two appear to be one plants of two different colors and flowers. Interweaved between each other they create a web of dark green leaves combined with Ficus Benjamina.

3 3

This grouping results in insincere network of greenery spotted with contrasting elements of texture with the glossy Benjamina and soft salvia Splendens.

Keyword: Shimmering â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Showy Setting:

Small island or neighbour barrier

Ficus Elastica Decora

‫فيكس ديكورا‬

Comment:

Identification

The dense foliage and wide crown resemble are similar to many other plants, however when observes from nearby, the leaves’ size transcend the plants form. Its broad leaves from protection.

Type:

Deciduous

Known as:

Rubber Plant

Origin:

NE India, S. Indonesia

Properties Leaves

Shiny,Oval, 10-35x5-15cm

Flowers

Fruits/Propagation

Small figs, 1cm.

Growth Rate:

Fast

The ornamental tree is commonly used for its trimming to curtain forms and its strong presence of dense foliage. It has a wide spreading crown. The trunk is grey seem blend in where the foliage begins. Its soft green shade is barely shiny but still shimmers in the wind.

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

-Not suitable for streets or parking lots -Long Living plants, 100-110 years.

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

9-12m 10-15 m

Radius:

6m 3-4m

Spacing

12m 9-12 m

Roots

1-1.2m 50-70cm

Description

Bloom

Usage:

-House plants

-Gardens

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Ficus Elastica Decora Layers

1. Ficus Elatica Decora

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

4. verbena

2. Hibiscus 3. Vinca Comment: This diversity in form of foliage reflects the large leaflets of the Elatica. Its become a protects for the much simpler and smaller yet more color plant below it. The this grouping provide a colorful atmosphere that is uplifting to spectators especially when used for shade.

3 3

Keyword:

Uplifting â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Protected - diversity

Setting:

Park sitting areas Outdoor picnics Type: Country Garden

1 2

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Ficus Hawaii

Trees Comments:

Identification Type:

Deciduous

Known as:

Hawaiian Ficus Benjamina

Origin:

SE. Asia, Australia

As the leaves move with the wind the different shades of green shimmers on the glossy foliage creating an active environment filled with the attracted birds.

Properties Foliage

Glossy, 6-13cm, Oval

Flowers

Fruits/Propagation

Spherical Figs in groups

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Description This evolved tree has gained its color originally from the Benjamina tree. Its shades of light and dark green, however, are also easily shaped into several geometric forms, making this tree vastly used for decorative purposes. Dense foliage, Easily shaped, Birds attractor

Sun Exposure:

Usage:

Dimensions Height

-30m

Radius:

4.5m

Spacing

Roots

Bloom 1

-Fencing

-Wind Screen

-Shading

-Garden, parks

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succuculants

Palms

Ficus Hawaii Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. 30cm Amarnthus,2.Durante Erecta 3. 50cm Amarnthus Tricolor 4. Ficus Hawaii up to 5m

Comment:

Keyword: Hierarchy, degradation erythematic Setting: Garden Borders, streets, gates Type: Foliage Garden

A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l

Ficus Lyrata

Trees Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Ficus Kamanga

Known as:

Fiddle-Leaf Fig, Banjo Fig

Origin:

W & C. Africa

With its thick and solid foliage, this plant is enduring and strong against harsh environments. Its foliage is dense for its broad leaves and has a distinct conic crown shape that makes it look like an antique

Leaves

Leathery, Wavy, 30x45cm

Description:

Flowers

Hidden, enclosed in fruit

Fruits/Propagation

Green fig, 2.5-3cm across

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Properties

Evergreen tree with conic crown and leveled branches. Its foliage is in variable shapes often in broad apex and narrow middle with leathery texture and wavy margin. It is also a long living plant of 130-140 years.

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Gardens and parks has specimen or antique

Dimensions Height

20-30m

Radius:

5-10m

Spacing

20m

Roots

1-1.2m

Shaded sitting areas

Bloom 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Ficus Lyrata Layers

1. Ficus Lyrata 2. Asparagus Densiflorus

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Ipomeas pesCaprae

Comments:

Its unique foliage and shape makes it so eye catching however, its bark and trunk are unappealing in color and shape. Reflecting the wavy nature of the Lyrata foliage, the Ipomea can climb the tree trunk and created color vertical line of showy flowers. Reflecting the Lyrata erect nature of foliage, the asparagus becomes a bed to the Lyrata while remaining the soft green form of the Lyrata

2 3

Keywords Unique â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Character - Wavy

Setting Specimen group in park or gardens only for view Type: Country Garden

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Ficus Microcarpa

Trees Comment:

Identification

This popular tree is most known for its durability against pollution and its evergreen simple form. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a flexible tree that provides dense foliage for great shade.

Synonym:

F. Nitida, F. Retusa

Known as:

Curtain Fig, Malay Banyan

Origin:

Malaysia, Borneo, Australia

Properties Foliage

Dark green, pointy-oval, 4-6cm

Flowers

Monoecious; enclosed in fruit

Fruits/Propagation

Sphere, green-yellow 1.5cm

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Description: The smooth grey trunk is long to form this large evergreen tree with dense spreading crown. Its foliage is dark green and small while held in ascending branches. The flower are rare and inside the spherical small fruits. It is easy to trim to geometric shapes and lives between 80-90 years.

Sun Exposure: Usage: Dimensions Height

9-18m

Radius:

4.5m

Spacing

Roots

1-1.2m

Bloom

Streets, entrances

Parking lots, Geometric fences

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succuculants

Palms

Ficus Microcarpa Layers

1. Ficus Microcarpa

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succuculants

Palms

3. Amarnthus 4. Durante Erecta

2. Strelitzia Reginae

2 Comment:

This foliage grouping expresses immersion in colors and dense foliage. The Microcarpa green shade is reflected in the dense Strelitzia mean while the Amarnthus and Duranta create contrasting arithmetic linear lines horizontally around this grouping making it a lush experience.

1 2

Keywords Lush- immersion - arithmetic Setting Islands in parks or borders

Entrance gates Type: Foliage garden

Ficus Sycomorus

‫الجميز‬ Comment:

Identification

Original to the Egyptian country side, this tree is practical and adaptive to its environment. The tree makes use of harsh air and even provides to the spectators fruits.

Type:

Deciduous

Known as:

Egyptian Sycamore

Origin:

Africa, Arabian Peninsula

Properties Leaves

Veined rough texture, 15cm

Flowers

Fruits/Propagation

Spherical figs,yellow-red 4cm, No seeds in Egypt

The evergreen tree is with its wavy foliage over veined leaves that are softly hair from the bottom. Moreover, its spotted with small spherical figs that are edible. Its wipe canopy extends horizontally rarely being close the people below.

Growth Rate:

Fast

-Long Lasting 150-160 years

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Landmark of Egyptian Landscape

Description:

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

15-20m 10-15 m

Radius:

6-10m 3-4m

Spacing

12-20m 9-12 m

Roots

70-90cm 50-70cm

Usage

Bloom 11

-Shade for gardens, street landscape, and parks. -

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Ficus Sycomorus Layers

1. Ficus Sycomorus

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Verbena

2. Plumbago

Comments:

The Sycomorus is strong independent tree, however, when group its must remain the strongest. Although Schinus Terebinthifolus has similar fruits its too large to be next to it. The Sycomorus here is respected by delicate and small shrubs of the Plumbago and the transparent verbena to create an attractive mat to its trunk

3 2

Keywords:

Emphasis â&#x20AC;&#x201C; landmarks â&#x20AC;&#x201C; focal point Setting

shaded areas, large parks

Type: Country Farmhouse

3 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Ficus Trigonata

Trees Comment:

Identification Arabic Name

Ficus Trigonata

Known as:

Ficus Trigonata

Origin:

Brazil

Protective and harmonious, the Trigonata is great for a shade tree with unique trunk that creates a comfortable atmosphere to a sitting area below.

Properties Leaves

Large wide spreading ovate foliage 15-25cm leaves

Flowers

Petalless flowers borne.

Fruits/Propagation

Pairs of round spherical yellowish seeds

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Description: The large trunk extends to form a network of dense foliage of evergreen ovate leaves. Its green leaves are smoothed and thin making them appear brighter when the sun shines through them.

Sun Exposure:

Usage: Dimensions Height

8-10m

Radius:

3-6m

Spacing

12m

Roots

70-90cm

Bloom

Park or large gardens

Mediterranean houses

Sitting area.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Ficus Trigonata Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. Ficus Trigonata

Comment: Specifically for its large trunk and dense wide spreading canopy, this tree is best placed alone. Respected and focus upon, this plant expresses its characteristics best alone. Offering wide shaded sitting areas attracts spectators to contemplate its wide trunk and experience to the protective expressions it provides.

3 2 3

Keyword Calm – protective - serenity

Setting Large sitting areas – contemplation areas Type: Mediterranean – foliage gardens

1 1 1

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Jacaranda Ovalifolia Comment:

Identification

This delightful tree creates a unique expression of vibrant purple blue flowers. Its elegant and large form creates large shades that becomes memorable.

Arabic Name

Jacaranda

Known as:

Green Ebony

Origin:

Bolivia and Argentina

Properties Leaves

Broad, 2 pinnate leaves, 2545cm long, narrow elliptic

Flowers

Pyramidical 20-30cm, purple blue 3.5-5cm each

Fruits/Propagation

Woody, disk shaped pods

Growth Rate:

Slow

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Description: Large spreading deciduous tree with dense broad foliage up to 45cm that consists of softly hairy mid-green leaves and distinctive purple blue flowers that form in clusters extending alone. Its hard wood is used to manufacture piano black keys. It also has a long life-span of 70-90 years

Sun Exposure: Usage: Dimensions Height

10-15m

Radius:

3.5-5m

Spacing

7-10m

Roots

50-70cm

Bloom

Specimen tree and streets shade

Gardens and hedges

Medicinal usage

Wood for manufacturing

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Jacaranda Ovalifolia Layers

1. Jacaranda Ovalifolia

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Bougainvillea Glabra

2. Cassia Glauca

Comment: Offering a variety of form and colors, this group creates an eye catchy dense network of passionate colors. The jacaranda stands tall with its unique cluster of flowers and the cassia Glauca creates a wide spreading canopy besides it reflecting a different cluster of yellow flowers. The bougainvillea creates a mat of dense network of the same shade of green offering a variety of bright vibrant colors.

Keyword Lush â&#x20AC;&#x201C; harmony- passionate- vibrant Setting Home gardens- shaded sitting areas in parks â&#x20AC;&#x201C; in clusters for diversity Type:

Cottage garden

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Khaya Senegalensis Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Al-Hayat

Known as:

African Mahogany

Origin:

Tropical Africa

Luxurious in its wood, this plant expresses elegance and richness. The rigid shading tree is a protective enduring tree distinctive for its dense foliage

Properties Leaves

Compound, Dense 4-10 oval leaflets, 12cm each

Flowers

Small w/4-10 petal&stamen

Fruits/Propagation

Spherical, woody capsules

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Description: Its grayish trunk has thing small scales extending to form the evergreen giant tree with open crown. Its foliage is dense containing oval 12cm long leaflets. Its flowers are small and greenish white only in June and July. Its also a long living plant of 90-100 years. Usage: Shade tree over sitting areas

Sun Exposure:

Ornamental in parks and large outdoor. Dimensions Height

20-25m

Radius:

2-3m

Spacing

Roots

50-70cm

Bloom

Roads or streets

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Khaya Senegalensis Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. Khaya 3. Wedalia Senegalensis 2. Lantana Camara

Comments:

The Auriculata and Terminalia have similar shapes of leaves however, the Auriculata is large and creates a transparent network of green sky. The Terminalia is closer to the spectator reflecting a denser shaded areas we a more visible foliage. The bougainvillea acts as a base to the simple and unappealing trunk of the Terminalia and adds cheerfulness to spectators under

Keywords Protective â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Green Sky Setting

Over picnic or sitting areas, lawn areas and parks Type: Country Garden

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Parkinsonian Aculeata Comment:

Identification Type

Deciduous

Known as:

Jerusalem Thron

Origin:

Africa, South U.S, Mexico

This delicate transparent plant is dynamic in its movement with the wind. Its foliage is thin and active. The flowers are radiant and contrasting to the greyish shade of green dominant in the trees making the flower stand out.

Properties Leaves

Slender, 2-pinnate, 30cm long, ovate leaf 2-6mm long

Flowers

Racemes 2-15cm, fragrant, 2cm each, orange-red.

Fruits/Propagation

Pea-like pods, seeds.

Growth Rate:

moderate

Water Required:

40-50 Liter/ day

Description: The crooked green trunk spreads to the evergreen form of the plant. The spiny-green foliage of distinctive slender form is up to 30cm long. Its flowers are in racemes of 2-15cm cup shaped form which is fragrant. Its also a long living plant of 4050 years

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Natural barrier Dimensions Height

8-10m

Radius:

2.5-4m

Spacing

Roots

40-60

Bloom

Attractive is desert landscape

Dappled shade

Good hedge in masses

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Parkinsonian Aculeata Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. Parkinsonian 2. Caesalpinia 3. Penisetum

Comment:

Delicate and modest, these plants closely resemble each other characteristics. They are very durable in dry climates and their foliage is thin. The parkinsonian becomes a dancing mother allowing ample shade to the smooth and elegant Caesalpinia. The delicate and harmonious affect extends to the dancing foliage of the Penisetum reaching out to the spectators.

3 33

Keywords

Dancing â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Delicate â&#x20AC;&#x201C; modest

Settings Streets and coastal farms in north coast. Type: Mediterranean - Arid gardens

1 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Plumeria Alba

‫ياسمين هندي‬ Comment:

Identification Type:

Deciduous

Known as:

Indian Jasmine

Origin:

West India

The superb thin branches extend to form groups of leave spotted with color and aromatic smells. It’s attraction comes from its looks and smells giving a very unique form. It becomes artistic and an antique

Leaves

25cm, Alternate Narrow

Description:

Flowers

Yellowish-White, Summer, Autumn

Fruits/Propagation

Pods, 10-15cm X 3-4cm

Growth Rate:

Moderate

The trees branches, known for their unique thickness, extend outwards and upwards. The branches end with a group of leaves that are elliptically narrow. The grouped leaves are grouped with yellowish-white flowers that although do not present a large amount in the tree, are extremely beautiful in their shape, colors and smell.

Water Required:

40-50 Liter/ day

Properties

- Long living 60-70 years.

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

2-5m 10-15 m

Radius:

1-1.5m 3-4m

Spacing

3m 9-12 m

Roots

40-60cm 50-70cm

Usage:

Bloom 1

Provide distinguishable view when grouped. -Parks

-Garden

Reference. http://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ A plant guidebookhttp://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Plumeria_alba.jpg

-Coastal Areas

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Plumeria Alba Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1-Strelitzia Reginae 1m 2-Pulmeria Alba 3-Rosa Hybrida

Comments: This group is most suitable against walls. The flowers dividing the bound between the floor and the grass creates a background of pink or red flowers and dark leaves to further enhance the bright green leaves of the Plumeria and Strelitzia.

The Plumeria stands as a sculptural tree with its thin branches and leaves and its branch is hidden by the Strelitzia which has similar shades of green. The two ornamental plants of Plumeria and Strelitzia have different flowers creating a diversity of shapes as well. Keyword: Uplifting â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Sculptural - artistic Settings: Walls, landscape islands

Type: Tropical, Cottage

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

‫بوانسيانا‬

Poinciana Regia Comment:

Identification Type:

Tropical

Known as:

Royal Poinciana

Origin:

Madagascar

This light and breezy tree becomes an ornament in a garden. It moves freely with the wind and creates a soothing sound to its spectators. Its properties make it a playful tree. Its branches extend to floor surrounding spectators with its inanimate leaves.

Properties Foliage

30-50cm, alternate, small and light

Flowers

10-13cm,Yellow, Red

Fruits/Propagation

10-13cm long

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

40-50 Liter/ day

Description and features: This large tree is vastly used for shading and pollution control. Its used in long dry seasons. It has a dome shaped crown that becomes ornaments in the street. It has a long life span of 50-60 years and grow to large heights and spans. When planted in groups it can create a network of branches that cover its users. -Easily grown

Sun Exposure:

-Long lasting

Dimensions Height Height

10-12m 10-15 m

Radius: Radius:

3-4m 3-4m

Spacing Spacing

3-5m 9-12 m

Roots Roots

50-70cm 50-70cm

Design Usage:

Bloom 11

-Urban planning -Group planting for shade areas -Street ornaments

A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Poinciana Regia Layers

1. Poinciana Regia 2. Caesalpinia Gilliesii

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Vinca 4. Verbena Hybrida

Comment: Expressing delicacy and lightness, these transparent plant become therapeutically and provide a healing atmosphere due to their foliage. The Poinciana sway with the wind and creates ample shade to spectators creating an active and dynamic atmosphere above while the Vinca, verbena and Caesalpinia provide a cottage garden below

3 3

Keyword:

Healing â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Active - Light

Setting: Private Gardens

Small sitting areas Parks islands

Type: Cottage - Mediterranean

A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l

1 3

Putranjiva Roxburghii Comment:

Identification Type:

Deciduous

Known as:

Liodendron Roxburghii

Origin:

India

This plant is both healing in form and usage. Its water-fall like foliage extends to spectators, provides dense shade, and creating soothing sounds with wind. Its wavy foliage creates a shimmering effect in light.

Properties Leaves

Wavy, Alternate, 1.5-3.5cm in 9-12 pairs, Shiny

Description:

Flowers

Putranjiva Roxburghii is an evergreen tree growing up to 12 metres tall.

Fruits/Propagation

Seeds containing fatty oils

Growth Rate:

unknown

The tree is harvested from the wild for local use as a medicine and source of beads, oil and wood. An attractive tree with pendant branches, it is grown as an ornamental in gardens, especially in India

Water Required:

40-50 Liter/ day

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Along river-banks, in shady valleys and evergreen forests

Dimensions Height

12m

Radius:

2.3-4.5

Spacing

Roots

Bloom 1

http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/157436/#b A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Putranjiva Roxburghii Layers

1. Putranjiva

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

4. Acalypha

2. Cestrum 3. Penisetum

Comments:

This grouping resembling a delicate and elegant expression. The wavy nature of the Putranjiva and Acalypha are reflected in the light foliage of the Penisetum and cestrum. The creates an atmosphere of sound from the wind due to the dynamic and active Putranjiva and Penisetum and the smell from the cestrum. The waterfall-like Putranjiva will extend to the spectators to enhance this sensational experience.

2 2

Keywords Dynamic â&#x20AC;&#x201C; delicate â&#x20AC;&#x201C; sensational

Setting Over sitting areas or along small pathways Type: Foliage

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Salix Babylonica

Trees Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Alsefsaf Elbakee

Known as:

Weeping Willow

Origin:

N. China

Dramatic in its color shades, this tree may be considered tropical to its weeping and lance shaped foliage. Its trunk makes it distinct along with its two color sided leaves. This tree expresses charisma

Properties Leaves

Lance-Shape, Saw-Toothed, 10cm, grey-green beneath

Flowers

Slender, Silvery green, male 5cm, female 2.5cm

Fruits/Propagation

Small, one-cell capsule

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

40-50 Liter/ day

Shade tree

Dimensions 8-10m

Radius:

2-3m

Spacing

Roots

70-90cm

Deciduous and rounded when grown. Its foliage is lance-shaped and 10cm long with small leaves. Its flowers are Silvery green catkins and contain seeds for propagation. Its also a long living plant of 90100 years

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Height

Description:

Specimen focal point

Bloom 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Salix Babylonica Layers

1. Salix Babylonica

2. Bambusa

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Penisetum 4. Phyllanthus Atropurureus

Comment:

Tropical, this setting expresses movement and activeness. The light foliage of the Salix, Penisetum and Bambusa creates a dynamic atmosphere reflecting the tropical environment that the Phyllanthus also originated from. The Phyllanthus combined the different colors of the Penisetum as well and creates a frame to the wide spreading plant.

1 2

Keywords:

Free – light- active – dynamic – tropical

Setting: Narrow pathways for immersive experience Type: Tropical Garden

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Strelitzia Reginae

‫عصفور الجنه‬

Identification

Comment:

Type:

The shape of the rooted leaves emerging from the ground creates a feeling of stiffness and entrenched. The evergreen leaves rise and are spotted with clear beak-like beautiful flowers that are most experienced by the closer observer. It is also a tropical looking plant.

Known as:

Bird of Paradise

Origin:

South Africa

Properties Leaves

45cm long, Wide & pointed

Flowers

Hard, beak-like

Fruits/Propagation

Capsules w/hairy orange, black seeds

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

40-50 Liter/ day

The stems of the leaves are directly the roots of the shrub. Forms dense group of stems at the bottom center that decreases as the stems rise and bend downwards again. The evergreen leaves consist of the beak-like flowers in the center that stands above the foliage. -Tolerant, hard plant. -Medium living, 10-15 years

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

2m 10-15 m

Radius:

1 m 3-4m

Spacing

9-12 m

Roots

30-50cm 50-70cm

Description:

Bloom

Usage:

-Grows well in coastal gardens

-Any gardens and parks

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Strelitzia Reginae Layers

1. strelitzia Reginae 1m 2. Penisetum

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Ficus Hawaii 4. Amaranthus 5. Duranta

1 Comments:

The layers of these colors contrasts and creates an eye catchy rhythm when repeated. This is layer is most suitable create a dense border around a private garden for the dense foliage of each plant. The tropical effect is shown in the Penisetum and Strelitzia the most with extending light foliage and protected by the enduring Duranta and Amarnthus

Keywords

Tropical, Light, contrasts Setting: Pathways, Gate walls, borders Type: Tropical

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Schinus Terebinthifolus Comment:

Identification

Decorative and cheerful in its fruits, this tree is great as a shade tree and its bright shade. Its creates an uplifting landscape that becomes aromatic

Arabic Name:

Alfelfel Alareed

Known as:

Brazilian Pepper

Origin:

Venezuela, Argentina, Brazil

Properties Leaves

Pinnate, 8-10cm in clusters of 7

Flowers

Panicles 15cm long, white

Fruits/Propagation

Rose Red fruits

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Sun Exposure:

5-7m

Radius:

1.5-2.5m

Spacing

Roots

50-70cm

Its mahogany colored trunk extend to the evergreen and bushy small tree. Its Pinnate leaves are in clusters of 3-13 and 8-10 cm. They are deep green and paler beneath. Its flowers are tiny and white and aromatic. The showy distinct fruits are spherical and rose red when grown. Its also a long living plant of 80-90 years.

Usage:

Dimensions Height

Description:

Shade tree

Bloom 1

Hedge Specimen tree, stand alone.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Schinus Terebinthifolus Layers

1. Schinus Terebinthifolus

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Amaranthus 4. Duranta

2. Strelitzia reginae

1 Comments: This lush and dense grouping creates a dense network of interlacing and linear shades of different colors and form. The Schinus Terebinthifolus, although mostly placed alone, can stand out more with the Strelitzia surrounding it and the duranta and amaranthus surrounding it.

Keywords Classic â&#x20AC;&#x201C; protective wind breaker Setting: Pathways, Gate walls, borders Type: Tropical

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Spathodea Campanulata Comment:

Identification Arabic Name

Spathodea

Known as:

African Tulip Tree

Origin:

Tropical Africa

Specimen unique tree expresses tropical effect for its form, fruits and flowers. The showy flowers are distinct and scented creating an active atmosphere for its colors

Properties Leaves

Opposite, pinnate, 45cm, leathery.

Flowers

Terminal racemes, bell shaped, yellow rim, 5-10cm

Fruits/Propagation

Large woody curved pods

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Description: Deciduous moderately branched, open leafy-tree. Its foliage is opposite and up to 45cm long leaves consisting of 9-19. Its flowers are aromatic and bell shaped. It also has a long life span of 70-80 years.

Sun Exposure:

Usage: Dimensions Height

10-15m

Radius:

2.5-5m

Spacing

5-10m

Roots

50-70cm

Bloom

Street landscapes

In parks when repeated

Semi-shaded areas in gardens

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Spathodea Campanulata Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. Spathodea 3. Ficus Campanulata Benjamina 2. Poinciana Regia

4. Lantana Camara

Comment: Reflecting and connecting, the Spathodea and Poinciana go very well with each other for their flowers. The Poinciana is shorter and wider spreading creating a great atmosphere contemplating the uniqueness of the Spathodea erect form. The Ficus Benjamina is used as a windbreaker creating a foliage form the ends with the simple yet colorful lantana Camara.

1 2 3

Keyword

Lush – harmony – dense Setting

Shaded pathways – sitting areas – street landscapes

Type: Foliage gardens

A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg

https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/4a/7f/41/4a7f419561376429949eba820bfa0f35.jpg

1 4

‫الطقسود االقرع‬

Taxodium Distichum Comment:

Identification Type:

deciduous conifer

Known as:

bald cypress

Origin:

United States

It’s greatness comes from it’s size. This powerful that lasts decades highlights history and strength. It’s scale to a human triggers the emotion of being much smaller. However, its long branches extending down to the spectators reassures the visitors once more, creates an environment of serenity.

Properties Leaves

Needles, 2 ranks.

Foliage

Yellow-red, April

Fruits/Propagation

Globe-shape Green, Brown

Growth Rate:

Slow

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Description and features: This plant is used in areas where it is allowed to stand-out. It’s great size points signifies importance. Requiring a rather white background, this great tree form a pyramidal to conical shape. However, when grouped they form a wall of interweaved branches that create a quite environment. Long Lasting 80-90 Years. Planted in wet sites. Design Usage:

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

20-30m

Radius:

2-5m

Spacing Roots

Feature Plant, Screening Wind Break, Shade Trees, Planted in masses and groups.

Bloom

70-90cm

A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Taxodium Distichum Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. Taxodium Distichum

Comments:

This plant is best placed alone or in clusters for grand effect. Its large scale expresses power yet protection. Its atmosphere is both calming and secure to spectators. The plant become a safe haven not only to people but animals.

Keywords: Grand â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Protective â&#x20AC;&#x201C; safe haven - power Setting:

Large parks over big lawns. Shaded sitting areas Over lakes or ponds Arid gardens Type: Mediterranean

1 A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l

Tecoma Stans

Trees

Identification

Comment:

Type:

The ornamental tree creates a dark background of contrasting bright golden-yellow that stound out. Even though inaromatic, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s flowers are a wonderful view to spectators from a distance and even more so from up close.

Known as:

Yellow Bells

Origin:

S. America, S. Africa, Philip.

Properties Leaves

Lance-Shaped; 35cm, toothed, sharp.

Flowers

Bright Golden yellow; 5cm

Fruits/Propagation

Dry Pods, 20cm long.

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Description: It consists of several trunks that rise from the roots extending to its dense branches that still ascend and are covered by evergreen leaves. This large shrub can be used for medicinal usage and lives up to 60-70 years.

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

6-9m

Radius:

1.5-2.5m

Spacing

Roots

40-60cm

Usage:

Bloom 1

In groups at parks or garden Specimen tree as ornament.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Tecoma Stans Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. Tecoma Stans 3. Vinca 2. Bougainvillea 4. Verbena Glabra 5. Wedalia

Comments:

This colorful grouping creates a diverse atmosphere that is both eye catching and uplifting. This vibrant and radiant color provide a palette of bright and hopeful colors. The Tecoma Stans here speaks most with the shape of the Bougainvillea as its foliage extends upwards while the Bougainvillea extends horizontally creating a lush and cottage garden experience

2 2

Keywords:

Vibrant – hopeful – attractive – lush - uplifting Setting:

3 2

Great for streets and pathways Islands in gardens or parks Type: Cottage Garden

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Thevetia Neriifolia

Trees Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Tefla Safraa

Known as:

Yellow Oleander, Cook Tree

Origin:

Trop. America

Its joyful and appealing shape is decorative and ornamental. It waves with the wind and creates soothing sounds and motion with its light thin leaves.

Properties Leaves

Arrow-like, leathery, 16cm

Description:

Flowers

Yellow-Orange, bell-shaped. 7cm seen through the year.

Fruits/Propagation

Large green, angular,

Its multi-trunk extend to the large evergreen, erect open shrub or small tree. Its foliage is arrowshaped, narrow, and leathery up to 16cm long and 1.5cm wide. Its yellow-orange flowers are also aromatic. Its life-span is only 60-70 years.

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

40-50 Liter/ day

Sun Exposure:

Usage:

Dimensions Height

3-5m

Radius:

0.75-1.5

Spacing

Roots

40-60

Clusters in parks, gardens, courts or patios

Bloom 1

Alongside bright, medium sized walls.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Thevetia Neriifolia Layers

1. Thevetia

3. Dodonea

2. Nerium oleander

4. Ipomea

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Comment: Filled with showy and vibrant colors, this grouping creates a soothing atmosphere for its foliage. Thevetia creates a dynamic movement effect for its light foliage meanwhile, the Nerium stands around it reflecting its leave shapes and emitting more colorful flowers. The Dodonea creates a boundary to emphasize the unity between the two meanwhile the Ipomeas climbs to pop out from the Dodonea reaching out to spectators

3 3 2

Keywords: Lush â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Emphasize â&#x20AC;&#x201C; dynamic Setting: in garden corners or above sitting areas for shade Type: Arid Garden or Mediterranean

1 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Terminalia Catappa

Trees Comment:

Identification Type:

Deciduous

Known as:

Indian Almond,Trop Almond

Origin:

Malaysia, S.E Asia

Ornamental in shape and crown, the Terminalia is a productive and elegant. Its foliage is bright green and lightens up a landscape

Properties Leaves

Broad, Obvate, 25cm long, rosette-like clusters

Flowers

Petalless, white green, 1.5 cm long, in 15cm cluster

Fruits/Propagation

Ellipsoid, Red, Yellow,5-8cm

Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a dense spreading deciduous tree. The foliage is broadly obvate in rosette-like clusters. The leaves turn red before falling. The flowers are white greenish calyces in axillary spikes up to 15cm long in April and may.

Growth Rate:

Slow

Usage:

Water Required:

60-80 Liter/ day

Shade tree

Sun Exposure:

Production of honey

Dimensions Height

10-15m

Radius:

2.5-5m

Spacing

10m

Roots

50-70cm

Description:

Seeds for almond oil

Bloom 1

Elegant streets.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Terminalia Catappa Layers

1. Terminalia Catappa

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Verbena

2. Plumbago Capensis Comments:

Bright green, this grouping reflects the suns light perfecting creating an even more lush atmosphere. The giant Terminalia is covered at the base by the plumbago where its green tone is reflected and flowers blooms creating a blue stars at the base. The verbena further connects the plants to the ground.

Keywords

Bright â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Lush Setting

Over sitting areas or large lawn areas Type: Lush Country Gardens or farmhouse

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Acalypha Wilkesiana Identification

Comment:

Type: Known as:

Copperleaf, Fire-Dragon

Origin:

The Pacific, C. Florida

The mesmerizing colors of the shrub are extremely unique. Its reflective leaves create a fiery sensation of excitement, intensity and anticipation. Its size contrasts its colors and appearance. The firedragon plant is only 3m high.

Leaves

Oval, Coppery-Brown, 25cm

Description:

Flowers

Dark Green or red, 20cm.

Fruits/Propagation

Rhizomes division and softwood cuttings

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Properties

A single light gray stem extends to form the base of the 2m wide fire-dragon. Fine foliage extends to show the coppery-brown leaves. Its foliage is oval and evergreen spreading upright. Its flowers are dark green or red catkil-like racemes, 20cm long. Hidden in the leaves only in July and August. Its also a medium living plant of only 15-20 years.

Sun Exposure:

Usage:

Dimensions Height

2-3m

Radius:

0.75-1m

Spacing

Roots

30-50cm

Along fences and borders

Bloom 1

Gardens and parks Clusters Singular specimen.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Acalypha Grouping Layers

1. Acalypha 2. Cordyline Fruticosa

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

3. Solenostemon Scutellarioides 4. Amarnthus 5. Duranta

Comments:

The dense grouping creates a boundary to pathway. With the warm shade of colors, this combination creates a harmonious atmosphere. The foliage atmosphere is achieved through the diversity and warmness without any bright colors or flowers.

This leathery leaves of Acalypha and cordyline reflect each other, meanwhile their colors both unite in the Solenostemon and the Amarnthus speaks to the cordyline and creates a frame alone with bright Duranta around this group.

Keywords:

Dense â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Warm â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Diversity

Setting Narrow pathways

Type: Foliage

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Atriplex Halimus

Trees Palms

Comment:

Identification

Excellent soft and smooth plant is promotes harmony and creates a contrast with other landscape plants. Its leaves are also edible

Arabic Name

Atriplex

Known as:

Mediterranean Saltbush

Origin:

S. Europe, Mediterranean

Properties Leaves

Alternate, Ovate or diamond shaped, leathery

Flowers

Small, Delicious pink in terminal panicles

Fruits/Propagation

Edible seeds, in autumn

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Description: Its dense foliage is of silvery grey leaves that blend in with the stems and trunk. The foliage is smooth and ovate the plant has a medium life-span of 1520

Sun Exposure:

Usage: Dimensions Height

1-2m

Radius:

0.45-0.6

Spacing

1.2m

Roots

30-50cm

Bloom

Rock gardens

Arid landscape

Hedges or borders

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Flowers

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Atriplex Halimus Layers

1. Atriplex Halimus

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Duranta Erecta 4. Alternanthera

2. Solenostemon Scutellarioides

Comment: Complementing and creating a uniform network of combined colors, this grouping shows a hierarchy in size and colors. The Duranta, alternanthera creating a frame around the Atriplex while the Solenostemon combined their radiant colors and flowers the blue terminal racemes among the Atriplex

2 3

Keyword

Lush – elegant – luxurious Setting Entrance – garden beds – pathways and hedges Type: Arid gardens - Mediterranean

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Bougainvillea Glabra Identification

Comment:

Type:

Its colors and form add to happiness and prosperity. Due to its extend forms, it reaches out to spectators and creates a radiant shape filled with colorful dense foliage.

Known as:

Paper Flower

Origin:

S. America

Properties Leaves

Elliptic, Semi-Glossy, 13cm

Flowers

Cluster of 3, 3-6cm, wavy

Fruits/Propagation

Narrow Five-Lobbed achene

Growth Rate:

fast

Water Required:

25-30 Liter/ day

Description: This climbing shrubby shaped plant has a strong cascading semi-evergreen form. It requires pruning to control its infinite spreading. Its foliage is elliptic and semi-glossy with a deep green color. Its flowers are small in clusters of 3 and surrounded by 3 or 6 wavy magenta bracts. This all extends from its twisted woody trunks. It has a medium life-span of only 25-28 years.

Sun Exposure: Usage: Dimensions Height

4-5m

Radius:

Infinite

Spacing

---

Roots

60-70cm

Bloom

Climber for arches, pergolas and fences.

Serve as hedge if trimmed.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Bougainvillea Glabra Layers

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Bougainvillea 4. Vinca 2. Plumbago

5. Verbena

3. Lantana

Comments:

Uplifting the spectator, this grouping radiates colors and emits aromas extremely attractive and lust to people. The sensational environment is bright, showy, and attractive to the diversity. This contrasts in colors create the rhythm in pathways and show a hierarchy in significance.

Keywords Uplifting – Diversity – Hopeful – Aromatic Setting Sloped ground next to pathways

Dynamic view

Type: Cottage Garden

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

3 1

1 5

Caesalpinia Gilliesii

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Comment:

Identification

This tropical looking shrub has a beautiful smooth foliage. Its joyful flowers are also used for medicinal usage. It is also a delicate plant that can be domestic and showy.

Arabic Name:

Caesalpinia

Known as:

Barbados Pride

Origin:

West Indies, Trop. America

Properties Leaves

Fern-like,smooth,60cm long

Description:

Flowers

In racemes, up to 20cm. Each flowers 5 Yellow-red

Fruits/Propagation

Pods, 6-12cm, hard, brown

This deciduous shrub has an informal vase-shaped form of wide spreading branches. Its branched stem extend to form a foliage of smooth obvate small leaflets. Dotted with racemes flowers 20cm long ranging from orange or red. Very showy

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Medicinal

Dimensions Height

Radius:

0.75-1m

Spacing

Roots

40-60cm

Clusters

Bloom 1

Public desert gardens

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Caesalpinia Gilliesii Layers

1. Caesalpinia Gilliesii 2. Salvia Splendens

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

3. Vinca 4. Pelargonium Zonale

1 This color grouping creates focus on the Vinca and Caesalpinia due to their brighter and more vibrant colors. The largest, the Caesalpinia, sits above the delicate, similar, salvia followed by the more colorful and showy Vinca. Then the delicacy of the Salvia and smoothness of Caesalpinia is further reflected in the soft pelargonium zonal

Keywords Sincere â&#x20AC;&#x201C; playful â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Soft

Setting Islands in garden Playgrounds, intimates places

Type: Cottage garden

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Carissa Grandiflora

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Carissa Grandiflora

Known as:

Natal Plum

Origin:

South Africa

This tough beautiful shrub is both enduring and attractive. It shows hope and strength. With its rich foliage of thorny leaves and white waxy flowers, this plant is also productive

Properties Leaves

Ovate, Rich, Opposite, 8cm

Flowers

Waxy, 5cm, Jasmine-Like

Fruits/Propagation

Ovoid,red,Plum-Like, 4-6cm

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Sun Exposure:

2-3m

Radius:

1.5m

Spacing

Roots

30-50cm

Extending from its multi-trunks, this evergreen small tree or shrub is many branched. Its branches are thorny and spiny. The foliage is rich, ovate, and up to 8cm long. With flowers that are waxy and white 5cm wide which look like stars. Its fruits are also used for jam and dyes. Its life-span is 30-40 years.

Usage:

Dimensions Height

Description:

Shrub Border

Bloom 1

Hedge Coastal areas

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Carissa Grandiflora Layers

1. Carissa Grandiflora 2. Rosa Hybrida

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

4. Ipomeas 5. Vinca 6. verbena

3. Clitoria ternatea Comments: Vibrant and aromatic, this grouping creates a eye catching radiating palette of colors. Its dazzles spectators with various forms and colors with evergreen foliage. This playful layering and grouping is dominated by the simpler and singular Carissa grandiflora.

1 3

Keywords:

Radiating â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Dazzling â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Vibrant -

Settings

Garden islands, borders, entrances Type: Cottage

1 1

A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l

Cestrum Aurantiacum

‫مسك الليل‬

Comment:

Identification Type:

Sem-Decideous

Known as:

Night Bloom

Origin:

Venezuela, Guatemala

The appealing fragrance of the cestrum radiates in the air only during the night. This feature stands for its concealed beauty as during the day its just an evergreen plant, but at night its fill the space with sensual fragrance

Leaves

Ovate or lance-shape, 11cm

Description:

Flowers

Groups in 10cm, 3cm each

Fruits/Propagation

Spherical, fleshy white berries

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Properties

The evergreen plant can only rise to a height of 3m making it most usable against a wall. Moreover, its flowers form in clusters and several pinnacles. Each in bright yellow-to-orange. Fragrant flowers, Long living 25-30 years, Evergreen, Night bloom

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

2-3m 10-15 m

Radius:

1.5-2m 3-4m

Spacing

9-12 m

Roots

50-70cm

Usage:

Bloom 11

-Wall borders in any garden or park. -Used in cluster for stronger radiation of fragrance

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Cestrum Aurantiacum Layers

1. Cestrum

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

4. verbena

2. Penisetum 3. Duranta

Comments: Reaching out in golden bright colors, the cestrum mingles around the Penisetum creating one plant. Protruding from which scented golden flowers next to hairy panicles from the Penisetum. Combined the Duranta Erecta to create a boundary around the Penisetum, it also add a different shade of green and gold. Ending with verbena, the group becomes enlightened with the warm blue and thin foliage of the verbena.

Keywords:

Bright â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Aromatic - Immersive Setting: Pathways, Gate walls, borders

Type: Country gardens, Mediterranean

1 3

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Clitoria ternatea

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Comment:

Identification Type:

Vine

Known as:

Butterfly Pea, Blue Pea Vine

Extremely attractive showy flower with its vibrant deep blue circular tubular form. Its elegant and radiant yet with threatening thorns in its stems to express aggression and protection to its beauty.

Origin:

Properties Leaves

3-5cm, elliptic in 5-7 cluster

Flowers

Showy deep blue 4-5cm

Fruits/Propagation

Hard seeds

Growth Rate:

unknown

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Summer-growing perennial climber with a woody base, can climb tall grasses and crops. Leaves with 5-7 leaflets elliptic to narrowly lanceolate 3-5 cm long, shortly pubescent underneath. Flowers solitary, attractive, deep blue, occasionally pure white, very shortly pedicellate, 4 to 5 cm long. Pod flat, linear, beaked, about 10 cm long, slightly pubescent. Usage:

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

1.2-1.8m

Radius:

3.5-7.5cm

Spacing

15cm

Roots

Description:

This plant is attractive to bees, butterflies and/or birds

Bloom 1

Walkway shrub or specimen plant

http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/528/ A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://www.fao.org/ag/agp/AGPC/doc/gbase/data/Pf000021.HTM

Clitoria ternatea Layers

1. Clitoria Ternatea

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

3. Euphorbia Milli

2. Ipomeas

Comment: Aggressive in protecting its beauty, the Clitoria has thorns in stems, and a showy, vibrant flower. Much it flower, the Ipomea will blooms its also tubular flower right below it or inside it as it climbs. Moreover, the aggressive nature of the Clitoria is reflected in the euphorbia milli with it beautiful much simple flower but broader leaves as well as thorns in its stems.

1 2

Keywords

Aggressive â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Attractive â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Showy - protected

Setting Containers or beds against walls away from spectators. Pathways Type: Cottage Garden

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Cordyline Fruticosa

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Identification

Comment:

Type:

This valued plant radiates intense colors combined with a unique shape that stands out most in groups and clusters. Its darkness makes it keep its beauty even in the shade.

Known as:

Good Luck Tree, Palm Lily

Origin:

Trop. SE Asia, NE Australia

Properties Leaves

Leathery, 60x5-10cm

Description:

Flowers

Panicles 40-60cm scented, 6-15mm, 6 flowers.

Fruits/Propagation

Red Berries, 3-9m, Seeds

Growth Rate:

Moderate

The woody stem is thin but extends to radiate the leaves that are linear and vary from deep green, green, greenish yellow. They sometimes consists of panicles of 6 small flowers. It creates a evergreen flowering shrub or tree-like. Moreover, it is a short living plant of only up to 10 years.

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Mixed Shrub Borders Dimensions Height

2-3m

Radius:

0.5-1m

Spacing

Roots

30-50cm

Bloom

Courtyards

Houseplants

Accent-contrasting plant.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Cordyline Fruticosa Layers

1. Cordyline Fruticosa

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

3. Amaranthus

4. Santorini 2. Solenostemon Chamaecypari Scutellarioides ssus Comments:

Perfect or modern and elegant landscape, this grouping reflects antiques and uniqueness. This is perfect for shades areas to create warmer atmosphere of similar colors and shapes. The cordyline fruticose is special in its size and hierarchy of combining the different forms and colors of all the other plants.

2 4

Keywords:

Warm â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Elegant - Warm Setting Shaded areas â&#x20AC;&#x201C; indoor landscape Type: Modern Gardens

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Coreopsis

Trees

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name

Coreopsis

Known as:

Tickseed, Butter Daisy

Origin:

N. America, Mexico

Showy and attractive flower with softy and delicate daisy-like structure. Excellent cut flower that becomes appealing and vibrant

Properties Leaves

Various Forms, opposite finely textured.

Flowers

Daisy-like yellow or showy borne in long stalks

Fruits/Propagation

Brown seeds

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Description:

Usage: Mixed borders

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

60-80cm

Radius:

22cm

Spacing

45cm

Roots

20-30cm

Attractive clump-forming, herbaceous annual and perennials with variable heights and colors. Foliage is in various forms and opposite. Its flower are various with daisy like shapes or showy shapes. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a short living plant of only 7-10 years.

Edges and hedges

Bloom 1

Seashore slopes

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Coreopsis Layers

1. Coreopsis

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Pallida

2. Alternanthera 3. Tradescantia

Comment: Vibrant and lush, this grouping focus on the coreopsis. The soft and delicate flowers extends from the coreopsis and stand out above the smaller alternanthera that yet flowers subtle creamy white small flowers. The tradescantia creates a warm bed of purple and green foliage reflecting the coreopsis and alternanthera.

Keyword Vibrant – elegant – focal

Setting Pathway borders – small hedges – islands and containers Type: Cottage garden – linear type

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Dahlia

Trees

Comment:

Identification

Radiant in fragrance and vibrant colors, this eye catching flower creates a spectacular view along pathways and in containers. Its best used in masses and clusters creating a lush atmosphere

Arabic Name

Dahlia

Known as:

Dahlia

Origin:

Mexico, C. Amrca. Colombia

Properties Leaves

Pinnate, divided into oval leaves, 20-50mm

Flowers

Brightly colored, waxy, 5.130cm

Fruits/Propagation

Bright green to soft yellow, seed pods

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Description:

Sun Exposure:

Usage:

Dimensions Height

1-1.5m

Radius:

0.75m

Spacing

1.5m

Roots

20-40cm

The small straight stem extends to the tuberous winter perennial plant with mid-dark green foliage. Its leaves are toothed and have rounded tips. The flowers stand out in colors ranging from white to red, orange to yellow, and pink to dark purple. It also has a short life span of only 7-9 years

Bloom

Borders, containers

Pathways and focal points

Cut plant

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Dahlia Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. Dahlia 2. Coreopsis 3. Tagetes Erecta

Comment: This lush flowering group offers a variety of soft colorful flowers that protruding and create a romantic and warm expression. The spherical form of the coreopsis, dahlia, and Tagetes all reflect each other however their foliage creates an interlacing dense background. Keyword

Vibrant â&#x20AC;&#x201C; lush â&#x20AC;&#x201C; soft- spherical

Setting

Along pathways or palms Type: Cottage Gardens

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Dracaena species

Trees

Comment:

Identification

This warm vibrant ground cover creates an attractive beds over large areas with showy protruding small white flowers that are cool white

Arabic Name

Dracaena

Known as:

Dracaena

Origin:

Trop. Africa, S.N America

Properties Leaves

Lance-shaped, leathery, glossy, spiral, 30-150cm

Flowers

Small, tubular bases, 6 petals

Fruits/Propagation

Red or yellow berries

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Description: This evergreen shrub with thin stem is unique and tropical in form. The foliage is leathery and glossy offering a bright green shade in the sun with small flowers in august and September. It has a short life span of 20-25 years

Sun Exposure:

Usage:

Dimensions Height

3-5m

Radius:

0.4-4m

Spacing

Roots

40-60cm

Architectural specimen in borders

Bloom 1

Courtyards Containers plants in indoors

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Dracaena species Layers

1. Dracaena species

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Asparagus Densiflorus

2. Chamaedorea Seifrizii

Comment: This grouping appropriate for interior homes and courtyards with welcoming textures and reflecting foliage. With the dracaena and chamaedorea contemplating each other foliage, the interlace and form a free network of thing leaves. The asparagus creates a soft mat and border cover the floor

2 3 3

Keyword Calm â&#x20AC;&#x201C; contemplating - welcoming

1 1

Setting Interior dense beds â&#x20AC;&#x201C; courtyards or atriums Type: Foliage garden.

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Dodonea Viscosa

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Identification

Comment:

Type: Known as:

Clammy Hopseed Bush

Origin:

Java,Australia, Pacific Island

The reflective leaves of the Dodonea creates a shimmering effect under the sunlight. Making this shrub a border of glowing green that reflects and shines around surroundings. Pruning this plant to different forms makes its versatile one as well.

Leaves

Ovate or lobed.

Description:

Flowers

Small,Monoecious,Racemes

Fruits/Propagation

3-Angled, Cream-green

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Properties

The red-brown trunk extends to form a dense network of compact foliage that is evergreen. The foliage is ovate and linear or sometimes even lobed. Its leaves are needle-like. It has small flowers that contains the plants seeds. This plant also has a medium lifespan of only 30-40 years.

Sun Exposure: Usage: Dimensions Height

1-3m

Radius:

.3-0.75m

Spacing

1.5m

Roots

40-50cm

Bloom

Green hedge

Versatile geometry

Container plant

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Dodonea Viscosa Layers

1. Dodonea Viscosa

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

3. Solenostemon Scutellarioides

2. Penisetum Puerperium Comments:

Bright and rigid, the Dodonea creates a large hedge limiting spectators to the beautiful reaching out foliage of the Penisetum as it sways in the wind. Followed by the closely colored Solenostemon, the ground becomes a dark mat to this bright Dodonea.

Keywords Bright â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Dense Setting Borders and hedges

Type: Foliage garden when Solenostemon not blooming

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Duranta Plumieri

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Comment:

Identification Synonyms

Duranta Erecta, D. Rapens

Known as:

Golden Dewdrop

Origin:

Brazil , Mexico

Golden in color and sometimes in expression. Its creates bright lines that lead pathways to elegant destination and brightens a landscape surrounding. Provides solid contrasting when group with dark plants

Leaves

Golden Green, small

Description:

Flowers

Blue Racemes bloom repeatedly, spring-summer

Fruits/Propagation

Yellow, weeping small fruits

Growth Rate:

fast

This evergreen bushy plants has branched stems that are spreading widely. It has thorns that are found on mature specimens and its foliage is composed of simple golden green leaves. Its flower are blue racemes that bloom repeatedly. However it is a short living plant of 7-10 years.

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Properties

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Borders and fences Dimensions Height

2-3m

Radius:

0.5-.75cm

Spacing

1.5m

Roots

40-60cm

Bloom

Walls and corners

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Duranta Plumieri Layers

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Plumbago 2. Amarnthus

3. Duranta

Comments:

Expressing delicacy and harmony. The texture, shapes and geometry of the plants creates a welcome and warm environment. This playful combination creates a sincere environment to spectators. Moreover, the aroma radiates to create a relaxing atmosphere.

2 2

Keywords Sincere â&#x20AC;&#x201C; playful â&#x20AC;&#x201C; aromatic Setting Playgrounds, intimates places

Type: Could be amongst a cottage gardens if combined with more vibrant colors

3 2

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Comment:

Identification Type:

Evergreen

Known as:

Chinese Hibiscus

Origin:

China, Trop. Asia

Showy flowers protrude to create this sweet and playful shrub. Its a specimen tree for its distinct and attractive flower. Its elegant in colors and forms.

Properties Leaves

Leathery, ovate, toothed, 15cm. May-August

Flowers

Single, Bright, 5 petaled 10cm, yellowed stamens

Fruits/Propagation

Oval, Dry, Iconspicuous fruit

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Description:

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Hedges, borders

Dimensions Height

3-4m

Radius:

0.75-1m

Spacing

Roots

30-50cm

It is evergreen and rounded in nature. It is a bushy shrub or small tree with very red flowers. Its leaves are feathery, ovate to heat-shaped. Its flowers are showy and define the plants name. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a medium living plant of only 7-10 years.

Small gardens, specimen tree.

Bloom 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Layers

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Hibiscus 2. Vinca 3. verbena

Comment: Colorful and cheerful, this grouping creates a blooming experience. It emits bright colors that are eye catchy and attractive along pathways or in front of sitting areas. They express vibrancy and activeness with the diverse color of the Vinca and sometimes hibiscus

3 3

Keyword:

Uplifting â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Protected - diversity

Setting:

Park sitting areas Outdoor picnics Type: Country Garden

1 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Ipomeas pes-caprae Comment:

Identification

The climbing plant is of delightful nature. Its radiant and showy flowers are its main feature of contrasting dark center and bright edges. Its circular geometric form is of wavy smooth nature.

Arabic Name:

Ipomoea Khof Elgamal

Known as:

Rail-road vine

Origin:

Tropical & subtropical areas

Properties Leaves

Leathery, 10cm long

Flowers

Pink-purple, funnels 5cm

Fruits/Propagation

Poisonous seeds, stem cut

Growth Rate:

fast

Water Required:

15 Liter/ day

Description:

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Along coastal areas or dry soils

Dimensions Height

3-5m

Radius:

Indefinite

Spacing

Roots

30-40cm

Its deciduous, twining, perennial climber. Its foliage is leathery and is dotted with contrasting flowers. The flowers look like funnels. Its also a ground cover and a good soil-stabilizer. It has a medium lifespan of only 12-15 years.

Placed alongside hedges to climb on

Bloom 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Ipomeas pes-caprae Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. Ipomeas 2. Lantana 3. Verbena

Comments: Adding an uplifting and bright experience to spectators. These beautiful plants can appear vibrant and eye catching when grouped together. The Most emphasized and boldest being the Ipomea for its indefinite width and its dark center, lantana and verbena merely reflect some its beauty

Keywords: Uplifting â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Vibrant â&#x20AC;&#x201C; eye catching

Setting: Borders or hedges Walls or pathways Type: Cottage Garden

1 2

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Lantana Camara

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Comment:

Identification

Cheerful and romantic in its form, scent and color. Its provides diversity and radiating aroma. Its rough leaflets contrasts its variety of beautiful round flowers.

Arabic Name:

Lantana

Known as:

Lantana Camara

Origin:

Trop. America, Africa

Properties Leaves

Oval, Opposite, rough, toothed, scented.

Flowers

Forms in cluster, vary color

Fruits/Propagation

Fleshy rounded black fruits

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

25-30 Liter/ day

Description: Its pale brown stems extend to the popular evergreen upright shrub. Its foliage is oval and toothed with dark green leaves. The flowers form in clusters and has fleshy rounded black fruits that are very small. It is a medium living plant of 20-25 years.

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Hedges in gardens parks or streets. Dimensions Height

10-12m

Radius:

2-2.5m

Spacing

4-5m

Roots

50-70cm

Bloom

Groundcover when pruned or even climber.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Lantana Camara Layers

1. Lantana

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Cineraria

2. Wedalia 3. Senecio

Comment: The larger lantana Camara here provides a variety of flowers along with a sharp smell. Respected, the lantana grows in front of the Wedalia creating a distance between the spectators and lantana. The Senecio then creates a side-walk color frame around this seeminglessly creating a dense web of plants.

1 2

Keywords

Diverse â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Respect - Aromatic Setting Borders or fences Pathways Type: Mediterranean or Coastal Garden

Reference.

http://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Monstera Deliciosa

Trees

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name

Keshta Zeenah

Known as:

Ceriman, Mxican Breadfruit

Origin:

N.C. and S. America

Ornamental tropical plants with edible fruits creating a lush foliage of evergreen large leaves giving transparency with its holes. Making its lush exotic, and welcoming.

Properties Leaves

Broad, heart shaped, glossy, holes 30-60cm

Flowers

Creamy white spathes 2030cm, stare-shaped

Fruits/Propagation

Cone-shaped, aromatic, edible, 25cm

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Description: Its thick sparingly branching trunk extends to the evergreen roust and strong growing form with its specifically large obvate leaves with oblong holes. The flowers are creamy whites spathes that are also aromatic like its cone shaped fruit. In egypt its mostly used as a specimen shrub and has a short life-span of only 7-10 years.

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

2-3m

Radius:

.5-0.75m

Spacing

1-1.5m

Roots

50-70cm

Usage:

Bloom 1

Tropical gardens Interior courts

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Monstera Deliciosa Layers

1. Monstera Deliciosa

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Cycas 4. Duranta Erecta

2. Cestrum Aurantiacum

Comment: Exotic in its form the monster Deliciosa stands out with its welcoming shape and aroma, the cestrum extends these characteristics with the subtle evergreen foliage and sweet radiating aromas. In front the small Cycas stands to add luxury and elegance to this grouping surrounded by the Durante Erecta to form a border frame

2 3

Keyword

Lush – elegant – luxurious - aromatic

Setting Entrance – garden beds – Type: Mediterranean – foliage garden

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Mentha Viridis

Trees

Comment:

Identification

The fragrant productive menthe creates a bright green foreground to plants while offering a beautiful scent of mint. Popular in Egyptian culture and also used for medicinal usage

Arabic Name

Neanaa

Known as:

Spearmint

Origin:

Europe & Mediterranean

Properties Leaves

Stalk less,, lance-shaped, ovate, light green 5-9cm

Flowers

Spikes of whorled pink or white, 3mm long

Fruits/Propagation

Seeds or root division

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Description: A fragrant spreading perennial herb with stalk less lance-shaped foliage. Its flowers are spikes in pink, lilac or white. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a short living plant of 3-5 years however its spreading vastly and reproduces on its own.

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

Up to 1m

Radius:

Indefinite

Spacing

Roots

20-30cm

Usage:

Bloom 1

Rock gardens Borders and muddy edges. Containers and semi-shady areas.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Mentha Viridis Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. Mentha Viridis 3. Senecio Cineraria 2. Asparagus Densiflorus

Comment: The Mentha rises up to 1m creating a bright green foliage that is darkened in the bed of the asparagus with its also soft foliage. The Senecio here creates a linear frame contrasting the green shades of the other plants making them stand out. Keyword

2 3

Aromatic – focal – productive

Setting

Edges or small hedges – containers – short pathways Type: Mediterranean gardens

1 3

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Nerium Oleander

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Dafla, Tafla, Wardet Homar

Known as:

Rose Bay, Oleander

Origin:

Mediterranean, W. Asia

This unique plant is an elegant, and enduring. Its flowers contrast with the deep green color of the foliage, popping out with bright shapes like stars. The aromatic flowers also radiate the atmosphere with a relaxing essence.

Leaves

Lance-Shaped, 6-20cm

Description:

Flowers

Pink, Red, White 3-5cm.

Fruits/Propagation

7-15cm, long, hard, dry fruit

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

25-30 Liter/ day

Properties

Sun Exposure:

Usage:

Dimensions Height

3-5m

Radius:

0.5-1.5m

Spacing

Roots

30-50cm

It is commonly used for its fast growth rate combined with its low water consumption. This enduring plant also has large color pink flowers that extend amidst its deep-green lance-shaped foliage. Creating an overall image of an evergreen, tall and erect-to-spreading shrub that may be considered a small tree.

Borders or fences

Bloom 1

Specimen tree in islands of parks or gardens Entrances

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Nerium Oleander Layers

1. Nerium Oleander

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

3. Wedalia

2. Dodonea

Comments: The Nerium oleander is surrounded by the Vinca creating a lush and colorful mass frame which extends and diversifies in the Wedalia with a glossy green mat with yellow daisy-like flowers

Keywords:

Cheerful â&#x20AC;&#x201C; diverse - uplifting

Setting

Islands in gardens or parks â&#x20AC;&#x201C; borders or hedges Type: cottage garden

1 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Ocimum Basilicum

Trees Palms

Comment:

Identification

Fragrant and highly active, this commonly used Egyptian plant is known for its evergreen green foliage and aromatic flowers. Creating a beautiful comfortable atmosphere

Arabic Name

Rihan

Known as:

Basil, Sweet Basil

Origin:

Trop. Africa and Asia

Properties Leaves

5cm entire or toothed, slightly hairy, oval or elliptic

Flowers

White or purple, tubular, 2lipped, in terminal spikes

Fruits/Propagation

Seeds

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Description: The bushy evergreen aromatic plant has a oval to elliptic foliage of up to 5cm that is occasionally deep purple. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a culinary herb used commonly. It has a short life span of 1-2 years.

Sun Exposure:

Usage: Dimensions Height

70-90cm

Radius:

15cm

Spacing

30cm

Roots

20-40cm

Bloom

Medicinal usage,

Rock gardens

Shrubs or borders in gardens or parks

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Flowers

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Ocimum Basilicum Layers

1. Ocimum Basilicum

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Mentha Viridis

2. Senecio Cineraria

Comment: Creating linear lines of evergreen plants, the Ocimum radiates its aromatic flowers while the Senecio divides its foliage and is placed between the menthe viridis and Ocimum. This grouping is especially favorable in active placed or gardens for its productivity and aromas. Keyword

Active – linear – aromatic - harmony

Setting

Hedges in gardens – cultivation beds Type: Mediterranean

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Pelargonium Zonale Comment:

Identification

This smooth and elegant plants creates a sincere texture. With its showy flowers and broad leaves the plant creates a harmonious form on its own. It is also very attractive for these characteristics

Arabic Name:

Garonia

Known as:

Geranium

Origin:

Australia, N & S. Africa

Properties Leaves

Erect branching stems, Evergreen

Flowers

4-14cm, Alternate, Palmately lobed.

Fruits/Propagation

2.5cm,5 Petaled, SpringSummer. Orange,Pink,White

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Description: The shrubby plant has evergreen and erect branching stems with 4-14cm across flowers supplemented by light to deep green leaves that are rounded and alternate. However this plant has a short life span of only 1-2 years.

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

60-80 cm

Radius:

10-30 cm

Spacing

60 cm

Roots

20-40 cm

Usage:

Bloom 1

Parks and garden borders Pots, hanging baskets, containers

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Pelargonium Zonale Layers

1. Tecomaria

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Splendens

2. Rosa Hybrida 4. Pelargonium 3. Salvia

Comments:

4 2

Keywords Sincere â&#x20AC;&#x201C; playful â&#x20AC;&#x201C; aromatic Setting

Playgrounds, intimates places

Type: Could be amongst a cottage gardens if combined with more vibrant colors

A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l

Penisetum Puerperium Identification

Comment:

Type:

This ornamental grass is joyful its in contrasting colors of bright and dark. Its amusing especially and it shimmers and moves with the end. It is an active ornamental grass

Known as:

Penisetum Ahmar

Origin:

Trop. Africa, SW Asia

Properties Leaves

Narrow, Dark Purple 30cm

Flowers

Narrow Panicles, 30cm

Fruits/Propagation

Seeds in Spring & summer

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

5-7 Liter/ day

Sun Exposure:

1-1.2m

Radius:

0.5m

Spacing

Roots

30-40cm

Used in both wet and dry environment, the Penisetum is dense deciduous plant. Its foliage extends upright but arches down again. Its flowers extends and pop out with its bright crimsonshaded color and its panicle long-bristled form. It blooms through the year and has a lifespan of only 7-9 years.

Usage:

Dimensions Height

Description:

Borders gardens but not a fence.

Bloom 1

Ornamental plant that stands alone Desert or rock gardens.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Penisetum Puerperium Layers

1. Penisetum Puerperium

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

3. Solenostemon Scutellarioides

2. Cestrum Aurantiacum Comments:

Light and delicate, the Penisetum and cestrum both interweave and creates one form of active and dynamic plants. The cestrum addresses the smell senses while the Penisetum is visually appealing to its reach out. The Solenostemon reflect the colors and the dominant Penisetum while adding blue flowers to this sensational group.

Keywords Sincere â&#x20AC;&#x201C; playful â&#x20AC;&#x201C; aromatic Setting

Playgrounds, intimates places Type: Could be amongst a cottage gardens if combined with more vibrant colors

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

1 2

Petunia

Trees

Comment:

Identification

This vibrant and attractive flower creates a colorful bed along focal points and creates an eye catching group with different colors that creates a diverse and fragrant atmosphere.

Arabic Name

Petunia

Known as:

Petunia

Origin:

Trop. S. America

Properties Leaves

Sticky, aromatic, semipointed,

Flowers

Multi-color, up to 7-15cm, funnel shaped.

Fruits/Propagation

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

8-10 Liter/ day

Description: The small plant has a large flower that is funnel shaped with many variations in colors and shapes of flowers. Some have several petals and some have one.

Sun Exposure:

Usage: Dimensions Height

15-30cm

Radius:

10-15cm

Spacing

22-30cm

Roots

Bloom

Borders, containers

Pathways and focal points

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Petunia Layers

1. Petunia

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Tagetes Erecta

2. Dimorphothec a

Comment: Although the petunia is best used to assists with its colors in other groups, its size make its harder to stand out more than other plants. However, its can be placed in an interlacing network of foliage between the dimorphotheca and be surrounded by a bed of color Tagetes Erecta that creates vibrant bed of flowers.

Keyword Vibrant – radiant – aromatic -

Setting Pathways – containers- large beds Type: Cottage gardens

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Phyllanthus Atropurureus Comment:

Identification

Diverse in colors and shades of green, this plant is a great plant for creating a foliage garden. With its simple shapes, it is also therapeutic for its medicinal usage

Synonym

Breynia

Known as:

Phyllanthus, Snow Bush

Origin:

Tropical Regions, Australia

Properties Leaves

Alternate, elliptic to oblong, 2-5cm

Flowers

Arise in leaf axis, numerous

Fruits/Propagation

Red berries, round, regular

Growth Rate:

slow

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Description: This evergreen small and delicate shrub is attractive for its diverse colors. Its has a simple foliage of elliptic to oblong leaves. It contains medicinal value and has a life span of 5-7 years

Usage: In wind protected areas.

Sun Exposure:

Hedges of gardens Dimensions Height

0.9-1.2m

Radius:

.25-.35m

Spacing

0.7m

Roots

30-50cm

Bloom 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Phyllanthus Atropurureus Layers

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Phyllanthus 3. Euryops Atropurureus

2. Penisetum

Comment: This grouping is based on unity of colors but diversity in shapes. The multi-color Phyllanthus is surrounded by the thin Penisetum foliage. Both their colors are reflected in the Euryops in addition to the daisy-like flower.

1 1

Keywords Diversity â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Uni-color -

Setting Small garden islands Next to large trees for small focal view. Type: Mediterranean Garden

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Plumbago Capensis

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Comment:

Identification Synonym

P. Auriculata

Known as:

Cape Leadwort

Origin:

South Africa

Its radiant colors emphasize calmness of a space. Its evergreen color shade make it a great base of other trees . Its showy flowers are soft blues that create serene sensation to an enclosure

Properties Leaves

Alernate,oblong 4-8cm

Description:

Flowers

Salver-shape, blue, in racemes 15cm, 4cm each

Fruits/Propagation

Barbet fruit capsules

The branched stem extend to the evergreen semiclimbing shrub. Its alternate, oblong foliage is 48cm. Its greatly profuse blue flowers are in racemes that pop out amidst the shrub. It is also a medium living plant of only 12-15 years.

Growth Rate:

moderate

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Sun Exposure:

Usage:

Dimensions Height

2-4.5m

Radius:

0.5-1.5m

Spacing

Roots

30-50cm

High hedges

Bloom 1

Mixed borders Trained as climber Container plant

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Plumbago Layers

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Plumbago 2. Amarnthus

3. Duranta

Comments:

2 2

Keywords Sincere â&#x20AC;&#x201C; playful â&#x20AC;&#x201C; aromatic Setting Playgrounds, intimates places

Type: Could be amongst a cottage gardens if combined with more vibrant colors

3 2

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Pittosporum Tobira

Trees

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name

Pittosporum

Known as:

Japanese Mock Orange

Origin:

China, Japan, Australia

Very formal in form and texture, this shrub ornamental and rigid with dense foliage of complementing green shades

Properties Leaves

Glossy, leathery, dark-green or white-green, 3-10cm

Flowers

Mellow white yellow, very sweet scented, 2.5cm

Fruits/Propagation

Spherical, Yellow-brown capsules

Growth Rate:

moderate

Water Required:

8-10 Liter/ day

Sun Exposure:

1-2m

Radius:

0.5-0.6m

Spacing

1-1.2m

Roots

30-50cm

Its evergreen with large rounded dense and erect foliage. With glossy and thick leaves with different green shades. With high salinity tolerance and a medium life-span of 15-20 years

Usage:

Dimensions Height

Description:

Bloom

Excellent in coastal regions

Formal hedges, border and wind breaker

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Pittosporum Tobira Layers

1. Pittosporum Tobira

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Wedalia 4. Duranta Erecta

2. Cupressus Sempervirens

Comment:

Keyword

Rigid and formal, when trimmed, these plants can create beautiful geometrical form create a beautiful scenery in the landscape. Surrounded by the Wedalia, grouping becomes more active and the Durante creates a clear borders around the different shades of green.

Formal – rich – elegant

Setting Island – gardens - formal entrance Type: Mediterranean garden

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Ruellia Brittoniana

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Comment:

Identification

Its colors are vibrant and radiant amongst a landscape. Its texture and shape is delicate and light. Its showy decorative and can be used as focal points.

Arabic Name:

Ruellia

Known as:

Mexican Petunia

Origin:

Mexico, Guld South, Texas

Properties Leaves

Opposite, Lancy, 15-30cm

Description:

Flowers

Vibrant blue, trump-shape, 4-5cm Spring-summer

Fruits/Propagation

Small Yellow, ovoid, conical

Its pyramidal shape extend to the lance-shaped foliage that is up to 30cm long by 2cm wide. Its flowers are blue, borne at the tips of the stems and 4-5cm long. Its also a short living plant of only 4-7 years.

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Frames of space.

Dimensions Height

1m-1.5m

Radius:

.4-0.45m

Spacing

Roots

30-50cm

Showy shrub in gardens or parks

Bloom 1

Centerpiece or containers

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Ruellia Brittoniana Layers

1. Ruellia Brittoniana

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

3. santolina

2. Senecio Cineraria Comments:

Warm yet vibrant the Ruellia Birttoniana is the most eye catching if placed in the center of this grouping. Its blue-purple flowers are showy and rather excessive also protruding from this lowheight grouping. Creating a formal and modern image of luxury yet modesty in the santolina and Senecio

1 2

Keywords

Formal â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Vibrant â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Modern Setting

3 2

Shaded areas, along pathway entrance to modern homes. Against walls Type: Modern

2 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

1 1

Rosa Hybrida

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Comment:

Identification

Aromatic and radiant, this romantic flower creates a warm atmosphere to its warm colors. It is active and also therapeutically to its medicinal usage.

Arabic Name:

Ward Balady

Known as:

Hybrid Tea Rose

Origin:

Persia, China and Japan

Properties Leaves

Alternate, 5-15cm.

Description:

Flowers

Five petals in 2 lobes, yellow, red, or pink.

Fruits/Propagation

Red, berry-like, 5-160 seeds

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Its trunk it composed of sharp prickles along stems which composed the deciduous plant. Its foliage is alternate odd-pinnate, we serrated margin. The flowers are five petals, each petal is divided into two distinct lobes. It is also a short living plant of 7-10 years.

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Commercial cut flowers Dimensions Height

1-2.5m

Radius:

0.5-0.6m

Spacing

1.2m

Roots

30-50cm

Bloom

Hedging, borders, flowerbeds

Medicinal and perfume

Slope stabilization

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Rosa Hybrida Layers

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Rosa Hybrida 3. Pelargonium Zonale 2. Salvia Splendens

Comment: Romantic in its colors, this grouping adds warmness and elegance to a comfortable experience. The Rosa hybrid becomes a dominates plant due to its height while the salvia is the delicate and tender flower that is even more so reflected in the pelargonium below. Keywords

1 2

Delicate â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Romantic â&#x20AC;&#x201C; warm Setting

Private and public gardens.

Against walls but not borders. Type: Cottage garden when added to more flowers

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Tecomaria Capensis Comment:

Identification Synonym

Tecoma

Known as:

Cape Honeysuckle

Origin:

W. India S. Africa

The beautiful geometry of this shape shows the plants humility. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s not a showy shrub but remains beautiful with its diamond shapes and flowers that resemble red mouths with yellow tongues.

Properties Leaves

Compound, 15cm, Diamond

Flowers

Racemes 15cm

Fruits/Propagation

Small brown in capsules

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Description: The evergreen Tecomaria extends from its branches soft stem only to a height of 2m. The foliage are along the branches and are compound mid-green and in clusters of 15cm long. The leave are diamond shaped with Racemes flowers at the end ranging from orange, yellow, scarlet red and flourishing between June to September. Moreover, the plant has a medium lifespan of only 15-20 years.

Sun Exposure:

Usage: Dimensions Height

1.5-2m

Radius:

.6-0.75m

Spacing

1.5m

Roots

30-50cm

Clusters and groups of other Tecomaria.

Bloom 1

Borders in parks and gardens.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Tecomaria Capensis Layers

1. Tecomaria

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Splendens

2. Rosa Hybrida 4. Pelargonium 3. Salvia

Comments:

4 2

Keywords Sincere â&#x20AC;&#x201C; playful â&#x20AC;&#x201C; aromatic Setting

Playgrounds, intimates places

Type: Could be amongst a cottage gardens if combined with more vibrant colors

A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l

Salvia Farinacea

Trees

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name

Salvia Zarqaa

Known as:

Mealycup Sage, Blue Salvia

Origin:

Texas, Mexico

Stunning yet delicate, this small plant is a genus of 900 species and highly attracts bees and tolerates light freeze. Its

Properties Leaves

Lance-shaped or narrow, Wavy margin, glossy 8cm

Flowers

Lavender Blue, 2cm long in purple stem axillary spikes

Fruits/Propagation

Seeds, softwood cutting

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Description: Bushy perennial, and usually grown as an annual in most cold winter areas. Its foliage is narrow or broadly shaped glossy leaves with small flowers extending on purple stems. It is also a short living plant of only 3-4 years.

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

30-70cm

Radius:

15cm

Spacing

30cm

Roots

20-40cm

Usage:

Bloom 1

Bedding or borders containers or small hedges in parks and gardens

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Salvia Farinacea Layers

1. Salvia Farinacea

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Mentha Viridis

2. Duranta Erecta

Comment: Because the Salvia has an inconspicuous flower that is so small, other plants should not stand out more than it however complement it. The Durante Erecta and Mentha viridis suit the characteristic of the salvia Farinacea but the Durante may need trimming so as not to hide the salvia with it foliage. Meanwhile the menthe viridis also has medicinal usage and cultivation advantage.

Keyword

Harmony â&#x20AC;&#x201C; lush â&#x20AC;&#x201C; glossy - productive

Setting Garden borders or containers Type:

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Salvia Splendens

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Flowers Ground Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Salvia Hamra

Known as:

Scarlet Sage

Origin:

Brazil

Used as a bedding, this plant is greatly warm and yet showy. Its distinctive flowers can surround and create a beautiful surrounding to other warm romantic

Properties Leaves

Oval, Pointed,Hairy, 8cm

Description:

Flowers

Long-Tubed, Red, 1.5-5cm in dense terminal spikes

Fruits/Propagation

Softwood cutting

Growth Rate:

Fast

Its an erect and bushy plant with oval, pointed, toothed and slightly hairy foliage. Its leaves are pale to dark-green. The flowers are long-tubed, bright red in red bracts along dense terminal spikes. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a delicate plant in a short living span of only 4-5 years

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Usage: Bedding for islands

Sun Exposure:

Borders of parks and gardens Dimensions Height

90-120cm

Radius:

11-17cm

Spacing

35cm

Roots

20-30cm

Bloom

Containers

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Salvia Splendens Layers

1. Salvia Splendens

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground FlowersCover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

3. Senecio Cineraria

2. Pelargonium Zonale

Comment: This romantic grouping emphasize the small size of the attractive and delicate Salvia, its color is reflected in the Pelargonium along with the smooth leaves. This is surrounded by the Senecio cineraria that is also smooth in texture and creates a bright frame to this spectacle.

Keywords Delicate â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Smooth â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Harmoneous Setting Along pathways or against walls in private garden

Type: Cottage when added to more flowers

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Senecio Cineraria

Trees

Comment:

Identification

Creates a beautiful contrast with other bright green shrubs or trees. With soft and delicate foliage its becomes touch attractive creates a warmer environment with its warm colors.

Arabic Name

Zananaria

Known as:

Dusty Miller

Origin:

W. C. Mediterranean

Properties Leaves

Ovate, silvery-gray, 15cm lance shaped or elliptic

Flowers

Yellow hairy flower heads 2.5cm across

Fruits/Propagation

Stem cuttings and divisions

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Description: This wavy evergreen shrub creates a plain network of dense foliage silver grey leaves yet extends beautiful 2.5cm flower heads in mid-summer. With a short life span of only 7-9 years.

Sun Exposure:

Usage: Dimensions Height

50-60cm

Radius:

30cm

Spacing

60cm

Roots

20-30xm

Bloom

Rock and wild gardens

Borders and edges

Containers and boxes

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Senecio Cineraria Layers

1. Senecio Cineraria

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Pelargonium Zonale

2. Gazania

Comment: This active and delicate grouping is great along pathways and borders. The Senecio creates a unique upper frame of linear grey foliage while the gazania contemplates its greyish leaves with beautiful flowers and the pelargonium extends the Senecio soft touch to create a deep green lower frame

3 3

Keyword Active â&#x20AC;&#x201C; delicate - soft

Setting Pathways and borders Type: Cottage garden â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Linear type

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Ground Cover

Alternanthera Species Comment:

Identification Arabic Name

Alternanthera Red or Green

Known as:

Alternanthera

Origin:

Central, S. America, Africa

This warm vibrant ground cover creates an attractive beds over large areas with showy protruding small white flowers that are cool white

Properties Leaves

Opposite, linear to obovate, spoon-shaped

Flowers

White, in axillary spikes, 615mm

Fruits/Propagation

Dry reddish brown, ovoid

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

8-10 Liter/ day

Description: Its prostrate stems create a network of purple to maroon leaves. Its clamoring and bushy to tender forms only extends to 50cm, its spaced 10-30cm and only has a short life span of 5-7 years.

Sun Exposure:

Usage: Dimensions Height

30-50cm

Radius:

15cm

Spacing

30cm

Roots

20-30cm

Bloom 1

Excellent for borders, beds, and edges of large areas. Hanging baskets in homes and balconies,

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Alternanthera Species Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. Alternanthera 4. Pelargonium Zonale 2. Duranta 3. Senecio

Comment: Contrasting and creating a lush network of radiant colors, this grouping expresses a rhythm of colorful and eye catchy plant. With different shades, the grouping can be used for a stripes design of linear contrasting colors that make each plant stand out and yet complement each other in texture and form

3 4 3

Keyword Lush – elegant – radiant – eye catching

Setting Focal point – beds Type: Cottage gardens – stripes design

1 3

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Asparagus Densiflorus Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Asparagus Mabroum

Known as:

Asparagus Fern

Origin:

Africa, Europe, Asia

A ground cover favorable for its feathery light and evergreen form. Its great for erosion control and binding the sand dunes. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a radiant plant to its erect growth and bright color

Properties Leaves

Feathery, linear, 1.5cm

Flowers

Axial racemes, small-white

Fruits/Propagation

Brigh red berries

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

8-10 Liter/ day

Description: Light green stems extend to the evergreen, arching tuberous form. Its foliage is feathery with linear leaf-like and bright green stems. It has a short life span of only 6-8 years.

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Groundcover under trees, beds, pots Dimensions Height

60-90cm

Radius:

30-45cm

Spacing

90cm

Roots

30-40cm

Bloom

Private gardens, terraces, balconies

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs PalmsGround Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Asparagus Densiflorus Layers

1. Asparagus Densiflorus

Trees

Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

2. Echinocactus Grusonii

3. Senecio Cineraria

Comment: Evergreen and bright, this group reflect and contrasts each other. The asparagus bright green is reflect in the yellowish-green Echinocactus that sits as a specimen along this ground cover. This is surrounded by the Senecio cineraria to create a bright frame around this radiant and diverse grouping.

1 2

Keywords Modern â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Antique Setting Small islands along pathways or private gardens Type: Mediterranean - Modern

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Dimorphotheca Ecklonis Comment:

Identification

Highly showing and attractive with various colors, this diverse and radiant plant with cool colors creates a calmer and harmonious atmosphere with its evergreen foliage

Arabic Name

Dimorphotheca

Known as:

Cape Marigold

Origin:

Trop. Africa, S. Africa

Properties Leaves

Alternate, lance-shaped, obovate

Flowers

Daisy-like 4cm across, stiff stems

Fruits/Propagation

Seeds and divisions.

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

8-10 Liter/ day

Description:

Sun Exposure:

Usage:

Dimensions Height

20-30cm

Radius:

15-30cm

Spacing

30-60cm

Roots

20-30cm

The evergreen low-branching erect form extends to the often wavy margined to toothed leaves. Its daisy like flowerheads appear mostly in the summer between march and July. It has a short life-span of 3-5 years.

Bedding and borders

Bloom 1

Park and gardens Containers in courts, terraces or balconies

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Dimorphotheca Ecklonis Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. Solenostemon 3. Petunia Scutellarioides 2. Dimorphothec a

Comment: The extremely short petunia and dimorphotheca are best used along pathways, however, due to their low height, other plants will overlap and stand above them. However, the Solenostemon is distinguishable from them and yet complements their colors while flowering its beautiful blue racemes flower that may resemble the variety of colors that the petunia and dimorphotheca radiate.

Keyword

Vibrant – Eye catching – attractive - romantic Setting Pathways and borders Type:

Cottage Garden – Rhythm type

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Euryops Acraeus

Trees Trees Shrubs PalmsGround Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Comment:

Identification Synonym

Euryops evansii

Known as:

mountain Euryops

Origin:

S Africa

Born in mountains, this plant is tough and enduring. Its expresses strength and harshness. Its silvery-grey-blue shades is great for arid landscape while the daisy-like flowers protrude to add a note of color.

Leaves

Evergreen, grey silvery blue

Description:

Flowers

Showy, Yellow, small Daisylike 2.5cm

Fruits/Propagation

Softwood Cuttings

E. acraeus is a rounded, dwarf evergreen shrub to 30cm in height and width, with narrow, intensely silvery-blue leaves and many bright yellow daisies, each about 25mm in width in late spring and early summer

Growth Rate:

Water Required:

8-10 Liter/ day

Properties

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Garden beds, containers

Dimensions Height

10-50cm

Radius:

5-25cm

Spacing

50cm

Roots

Islands of geometric shapes

Bloom 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Euryops Acraeus Layers

1. Euryops Acraeus 2. Wedalia

Trees

Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

3. Santorini Chamaecypari ssus 4. Senecio Cineraria

Comment: Beautiful in arid landscapes, this grouping is perfect for garden beds along pathways. This Euryops is in the middle dominating the areas surrounded by greener Wedalia and slightly bigger Santorini that reflects its shade of dark grey foliage. The Senecio further emphasizes this color as a brighter frame around the bed.

3 13

Keywords: Arid- Unity - Hardscape

Settings Rocky gardens, arid landscape around gravel pathways. Type: Arid Gardens

1 2

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Gaillardia Pulchella

Trees

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name

Anbar Kashmeer

Known as:

Indian Blanket Flower,

Origin:

North America, Mexico

Intense in colors and vibrancy, this plant is eye catching to its protruding flowers. Its unique and diverse with smooth leaves and daisy like flowers.

Properties Leaves

Rosette, lanceolate â&#x20AC;&#x201C; linear basal, hairy, 10-20cm

Flowers

Bright Daisy Like single â&#x20AC;&#x201C; bi color red to brown flowers

Fruits/Propagation

Small inconspicuous

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

8-10 Liter/ day

Sun Exposure:

45-60cm

Radius:

15cm

Spacing

30cm

Roots

20-30cm

Perennial or annual plant from the sunflower family with a rosette of simple foliage that are very hairy. Its bark is wirey and branched stems creating a dense network of foliage. It has a short life span of 2-3 years

Usage:

Dimensions Height

Description:

Flower beds and borders in any park or garden

Bloom 1

Cut flower Ground cover over large areas.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Gaillardia Pulchella Layers

1. Gaillardia Pulchella 2. Santorini Chamaecypari

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

ssus 3. Tradescantia Pallida

Comment: Formal and modern, this grouping provides a rigid and dense network of enduring foliage. The stiff Santorini creates a frame around the more delicate gaillardia and the tradescantia provides a bed of purple foliage giving spotlight to both plants in the center. Keyword

Modern – stiff - formal

Setting

Entrance beds – along garden pathways – focal points. Type: Arid gardens

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Gazania

Trees

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name

Gazania

Known as:

Gazania

Origin:

South Africa

This attractive and elegant ground cover extends its flower towards the sun creating a sweeping effect of large unique flowers swaying and arching making it great for large areas

Properties Leaves

Simple, linear-lanceolate leaves, dense, white green

Flowers

Large conspicuous, yellow or orange, 7cm

Fruits/Propagation

Basal cutting

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

8-10 Liter/ day

Sun Exposure:

30-40cm

Radius:

30-40cm

Spacing

60-80cm

Roots

20-30cm

Evergreen weeping ground cover with simple and linear leaves that are dense. Its large flowers are beautiful and showy with yellow or orange flowerheads up to 7cm across. Its also a short living plant of 3-4years

Usage:

Dimensions Height

Description:

In flowers beds or borders in gardens

Bloom 1

Large areas or embankments Parks or house landscapes.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Gazania Layers

1. Gazania 2. Euryops Acraeus

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Santorini Chamaecypari ssus

Comment: The gazania extends its flower to stand out amidst these dense interlacing of grey foliage. The Euryops reflects a silver foliage with a showy flower. The Santorini creates a strong border around this grouping contemplating the silver shades. Keyword

Elegant â&#x20AC;&#x201C; formal - modern

Setting

Garden beds â&#x20AC;&#x201C; park islands - pathways Type: Arid gardens

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Tagetes Erecta

Trees

Comment:

Identification

The showy and attractive elegant plant is most known for its fluffy flower of round and spherical shame creating a vibrant background and flower bed.

Arabic Name

Al-Qatifa

Known as:

African Marigold

Origin:

New Mexico, Argentina

Properties Leaves

5-10cm, opposite, toothed, pointed 5cm leaves

Flowers

13cm Across, white, yellow, orange disk florets

Fruits/Propagation

Cylindrical 4.5-7mm, brown

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

8-10 Liter/ day

Description: This fast growing ground cover, becomes erect and bushy with strongly aromatic annuals and herbaceous perennials. The fern like plant has double-flowerheads and pointed leaflets up to 5cm long. However it has a short life-span of 1-2 years.

Sun Exposure: Usage: Dimensions Height

60-90cm

Radius:

22cm

Spacing

45cm

Roots

20-30cm

Bloom

Edges of mixed borders

Parks or gardens

House landscapes

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Tagetes Erecta Layers

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

1. Dahlia 2. Tagetes Erecta 3. Coreopsis

Comment: These luxurious and erect flowers create a vibrant colorful bed around large trees or palms. These interlacing network of flower radiate a variety of fragrance and colors making it attractive along pathways and garden beds Keyword

Vibrant – diverse - interlacing Setting

Pathways – focal points – containers Type: Cottage garden – interlacing type

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Tradescantia Pallida â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Purpureaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Comment:

Identification

Lush and attractive groundcover for warm and distinct colors over large or small areas. Suits several grouping to contrast or compliment shades of green. Makes a tropical effect in atriums.

Arabic Name

Tradescantia

Known as:

Purple Heart

Origin:

Mexico, N. C. S. America

Properties Leaves

Thin, pointed, ovate, 810cm

Flowers

Bright-Pink, produced in pairs

Fruits/Propagation

Capsule-shaped, 3-4mm

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

8-10 Liter/ day

Description: Tuft-forming evergreen perennial with purple stems to form a thin-pointed foliage with 10cm leaves that only go up to 20-25cm, its bright pink flowers only appear in august to September. It has a short life span only 5-7 years

Usage:

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

20-25cm

Radius:

20cm

Spacing

40cm

Roots

20-30cm

Groundcover in parks, or gardens and streets.

Bloom 1

Lightly shaded areas like balconies or courts

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Tradescantia Pallida Layers

1. Tradescantia Pallida

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Gallardia Pulchella

2. Ruellia Brittoniana

Comment: Using the ruellia as small shrub to create a border around this radiant and grouping will making the tradescantia stand out. This formal and modern plant is also in the gallardia pulchella and creates a harmonious expression in terms of there interlacing where each plant is still distinguishable from each other.

Keyword Formal â&#x20AC;&#x201C; luxurious â&#x20AC;&#x201C; interlacing

Setting Focal beds in gardens or parks Type: Arid gardens

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Santorini Chamaecyparissus Comment:

Identification Synonym

Santorini Incana

Known as:

Lavendor Cotton, Grey. Sant

Origin:

W. & C. Mediterranean

Almost aggressive in its sharp foliage. This plant is tough and durable in harsh environments. Its great for arithmetic grouping and contrasting with dark or bright green plants

Properties Leaves

Narrow, Toothed, 4cm, Grey

Flowers

Bright Yellow, 1cm across

Fruits/Propagation

Semi-Ripe Cutting, Jan&Dec

Growth Rate:

fast

Water Required:

8-10 Liter/ day

Sun Exposure:

50-60cm

Radius:

50cm

Spacing

Roots

20-30cm

This multi-stemmed plant is compact and rounded producing white wolly young shoots. Its foliage is narrow, toothed, and up to 4cm long with fine toothed divisions. However its contrasted by attractive yellow 1cm flower heads. Its also useful for medicinal usage and only has a 8-10years lifespan surprisingly.

Usage:

Dimensions Height

Description:

Low hedge

Bloom 1

Along pathways or streets Rock garden

https://davisla.files.wordpress.com/2011/07/santolina-chamaecyparissus-flower.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l

Trees Trees Shrubs PalmsGround Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Santorini Chamaecyparissus Layers

Trees

Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Santorini 3. Wedalia Chamaecypari 4. Senecio ssus Cineraria 2. Euryops Acraeus

3 23

Keywords: Arid- Unity - Hardscape

Settings Rocky gardens, arid landscape around gravel pathways. Type: Arid Gardens

1 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Solenostemon Scutellarioides Comment:

Identification Arabic name:

Coleus, Al Sejad

Known as:

Coleus, Flame Nettle

Origin:

Trop. Asia S.E Asia

This vibrant plant combines two contrasting colors to create a beautiful leave. Its dynamic and diverse colors create an active and colorful atmosphere when blooming its blue flowers.

Properties Leaves

Semi-succulent, hairy, multi color, 2-15cm

Flowers

Terminal racemes, 15cm, 1.5 cm blue or white

Fruits/Propagation

Softwood cuttings

Growth Rate:

fast

Water Required:

8-10 Liter/ day

Description: It has 4 angled stems to form the finely hairy evergreen sub shrub. Its foliage is ovate and toothed and between 2.5-15cm. The flower bloom in July and august to blue racemes that erect beautifully. It has a short lifespan of only 35 years.

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Ground cover or garden beds Dimensions Height

0.7-0.9m

Radius:

0.45m

Spacing

0.9m

Roots

30-40cm

Bloom

House plant

Edges or borders.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs PalmsGround Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Solenostemon Scutellarioides Layers

Trees

Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Solenostemon 3. Duranta Erecta Scutellarioides

2. Amarnthus

Comment: This hierarchy in colors expresses unity, where they share similar shapes however, the Duranta and Amarnthus contrast colors. This is combined in the vibrant and attractive Solenostemon where its blue flowers bloom and create rich experience.

Keywords Rich â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Hierarchy â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Arithmetic Setting

2 2

Along pathways or against walls Borders when trimmed but not hedge Type: Mediterranean Garden

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Vinca-

Catharanthus Roseus Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Winka

Known as:

Madagascar Periwinkle

Origin:

Madagascar

Beautiful, hopeful flower that are both vibrant and diverse in colors. They become form a bright light of attractive flowers along pathways or frame around trees.

Properties Leaves

Opposite-Oblong, Glossy, up to 5cm

Flowers

Salver form, Various, 4cm

Fruits/Propagation

Seeds or softwood cutting

Growth Rate:

fast

Water Required:

8-10 Liter/ day

Description: Wood based, fleshy and evergreen. It is erect at first but spreading later. Its foliage is mid-dark green and oblong-ovate with paler midribs. The flowers are distinct and range from white, pink, red, orange and very showy. It also has medicinal usage however only lasts 2-3 years.

Sun Exposure: Usage: Dimensions Height

0.7-1m

Radius:

.15-0.3m

Spacing

0.6m

Roots

30-40cm

Bloom

Garden beds â&#x20AC;&#x201C; containers

Borders and pathways

House plant

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs PalmsGround Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Vinca- Catharanthus Roseus Layers

Trees

Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Vinca 2. Verbena

Comments: Mostly grown alone, the Vinca can also be next to cheerful plant. The verbena is small, thin in foliage yet consists of warm blue flowers. Its similar shade of green allows spectators to confuse it as on plant giving the expression of unity and uplifting

3 3

Keywords:

2 1

Uplifting â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Unity - Cheerful Setting Along pathways, containers or beds Type: Cottage garden with more plants combined.

1 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Verbena Hybrida

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Comment:

Identification

Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a cheerful delicate plant that creates a light atmosphere and feeling. Its is subtle and not very radiant however its creates an essential element in a landscape of being skeleton.

Arabic Name:

V. Balady or V. Engleezy

Known as:

Verbena

Origin:

Trop. & Temperate America

Properties Leaves

Narrow toothed 5-10cm

Description:

Flowers

Small, Salver-form, often scented, 1.5-2.5cm

Fruits/Propagation

Seeds or stem-cutting

Its form is erect and bushy. Its spreads to form mats on the ground. Its foliage is narrow and thin toothed. The flowers are 1.5-2.5cm across and have a warm color contrast to the shrub. However it only has a lifespan of 1-2 years.

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

8-10 Liter/ day

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Garden borders or edges

Dimensions Height

30-60cm

Radius:

30-40cm

Spacing

80cm

Roots

20-30cm

Beds and containers.

Bloom 1

Mat bases for trees.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Flowers GroundShrubs Cover

Ground Succulents Cover Palms

Verbena Hybrida Layers

Trees

Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Vinca 2. Verbena

3 3

Keywords:

2 1

Uplifting â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Unity - Cheerful Setting Along pathways, containers or beds Type: Cottage garden with more plants combined.

1 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Wedalia Trilobata

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Comment:

Identification

Its dense foliage creates a mat of green background to several trees. Its rich radiant of yellow flowers creates a continuous rhythm of green and yellow when placed over large areas.

Arabic Name:

Wedalia

Known as:

Wedalia

Origin:

W.Indies, C & S. America

Properties Leaves

Elliptic, obvate, lobed 13cm

Flowers

Solo, daisy-like, 2cm across

Fruits/Propagation

Seeds or stem cutting.

Growth Rate:

fast

Water Required:

8-10 Liter/ day

Description: Its evergreen colors spreads widely covering the ground. Its leaves are obvate and elliptic. Its flower are almost year-round flowering that extend alone amongst this evergreen shrub. It has traditional medicine. Its also a medium living plant of only 1215years.

Sun Exposure: Usage: Dimensions Height

0.5-0.6

Radius:

0.5-1m

Spacing

Roots

20-30cm

Bloom

Rampant ground cover

Mass planting or containers.

Dry shaded areas under trees.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Flowers GroundShrubs Cover

Ground Succulents Cover Palms

Wedalia Trilobata Layers

1. Wedalia Trilobata

Trees

Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

3. Senecio Cineraria

2. Verbena

Comment: The Wedalia makes a larger plant with a more glossy foliage. Its protruding daisy-like flowers also makes it dominant next to the smaller and thinner flowers of the verbena. This mat is various in colors and provides a brighter wavy frame with the Senecio cineraria Keywords:

Glossy- Shimmering

Settings Garden beds or against rocky landscape elements Type: Mediterranean

1 1 2

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Succulents & Cactus

Agave Atrovirens

Trees

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name

Agave Atrovirens

Known as:

Maguey-Del Cumbre

Origin:

Mexico

Its rigid form with rossete like form is front intolerant. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a showy succulent with wide spread foliage that becomes a focal point when old

Properties Leaves

Rigid rosettes of silver grey, 2.5m long 30cm wide

Flowers

White, appears before plant dies

Fruits/Propagation

Ovoid capsules

Growth Rate:

Slow

Water Required:

2-3 Liter/ day

Description: This perennial evergreen succulent with ovate finely toothed leaves with thorns has medicinal and culinary uses. It has a short life-span of 8-10 years.

Sun Exposure:

Usage: Dimensions Height

1.5-2m

Radius:

0.75-1m

Spacing

1.5-2m

Roots

30-40cm

Bloom

Containers plant

Desert landscape or rock gardens

Medicinal usage

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Agave Atrovirens Layers

1. Agave Atrovirens

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Gaillardia Pulchella

2. Ruellia Brittoniana

Comment: Composed and formal, this planning is suitable along modern home landscapes with the warm colors of purple and pink. The agave Atrovirens creates a rosette like form that with greyish leaves contemplated by the ruellia and degrades into the bright bed of gaillardia pulchella with it pink beautiful flowers.

Keyword Formal – Modern – composed calm

Setting Containers or islands – modern landscape Type: Arid gardens

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Agave Americana

TreesTreesShrubs Palms Ground Flowers CoverShrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Agave Americana

Known as:

American Aloe, Century

Origin:

Mexico, S. & C. America

Its sharp distinct form give a tough impression. The contrasted colors of yellowish to green give a greater rhythm when put in groups. Its eye catching foliage also spreads to form a blooming shape. Best used in groups

Leaves

Lance-Shape, Spiny.

Description:

Flowers

Clusters of yellow-green, 910cm after 5-30 years.

Fruits/Propagation

Ovoid Capsule w/black seed

Growth Rate:

Moderate

It has no stem trunk or bark, this cactus extends its leaves from the ground. The foliage is of lanceshaped, spine-tipped, and spiny-margined 2cm long. However, it has flowers that are yellow-green that only show after a long time. It also has a short life-span of only 8-10 years.

Water Required:

2-3 Liter/ day

Properties

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Borders Dimensions Height

1-2m

Radius:

0.5-1m

Spacing

Roots

30-40cm

Bloom

Specimen plant

Desert landscape

Rock gardens

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Agave Americana Layers

1. Agave Americana 2. Echinocactus

Trees Trees ShrubsPalms Ground Flowers Cover

Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Densiflorus 4. Euphorbia Milli

3. Asparagus Comments: Almost threatening, yet attractive and enduring, these plants go very well together for their evergreen shades and characteristics. The agave Americana here is best in clusters while adding the Echinocactus as the specimen plant it is creates a landscape of various shapes. The Asparagus adds softer contrast while the euphorbia milli creates a colorful boundary to this bed.

2 3

Keywords:

Aggressive. Enduring, Various

Settings Garden islands, inaccessible, corners or against walls Type: Arid landscape â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Mediterranean.

1 1 4

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Cereus Peruvianus

Trees

Comment:

Identification

Rigid and thick, this plant resembles endurance and power amidst a desert landscape design. Its vertical extending foliage with thorns consists of bright green leathery surface that stands out

Arabic Name

Cereus Peruvianus

Known as:

Apple Cactus

Origin:

S. America, W. India

Properties Leaves

Rounded rips of bear brown, thick reddish thorns

Flowers

White and brown-green 15cm, summer

Fruits/Propagation

Red Orange-Globes 20cm

Growth Rate:

Slow

Water Required:

2-3 Liter/ day

Description: Tree like-columnar cactus with 5-9 ribbed branches. With rounded rips consisting of reddish, brown to black or yellow spines. Its flowers are white and brown green cup or funnel shaped 15cm long. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a medium living plant of 15-30 years

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

4-5m

Radius:

0.2-0.3

Spacing

60cm

Roots

30-50cm

Usage:

Bloom 1

Focal points in rock or desert landscape. Attractive hedge

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

Cereus Peruvianus Layers

1. Cereus Peruvianus

Trees

Shrubs

Ground Cover

Succulents

Palms

3. Agave Atrovirens

2. Echinocactus 4. Asparagus Densiflorus

Comment: Evergreen and bright, this group is suitable for arid and desert landscape. Creating a lush and sculptural form of cactus ranging in form from sphere to rosettes to erect plants. The asparagus creates a contrasting softer bed that creates a background to the other plants.

2 3 Keyword

Formal - Diverse Setting Beds and large containers - islands Type: Arid gardens â&#x20AC;&#x201C; desert landscapes

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Echinocactus Grusonii

TreesTreesShrubs Palms Ground Flowers CoverShrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Emmet Alkadi

Known as:

Golden Barrel Cactus

Origin:

S.W America, Mexico

Its unique form and color give it a unique expression. However, it is still a threatening plant that can offer protection to other plants in a group.

Properties Leaves

Yellow Areoles, gold spines 8-10 radials & 3-5 centrals

Flowers

Yellow Golden, 6cm, top

Fruits/Propagation

Ovoid, White-Wholly w/large black-brown seeds

Growth Rate:

Slow

Water Required:

2-3 Liter/ day

Description: Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a golden barrel-shaped cacti with 20-40 spiny acute sides. It consists of yellow areoles that produce golden spines 8-10 radials 3-5 centrals. It flowers are rare and yellow golden 6cm long. Its propagation is through off shoots and seeds. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a long living plant of 80-90 years.

Sun Exposure: Usage: Dimensions Height

0.6-0.9m

Radius:

0.3-0.6m

Spacing

0.6-0.9m

Roots

30-40cm

Bloom

Desert and rock gardens

Roof terrace gardens in full light

Containers in mixed beds or hedges

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Echinocactus Grusonii Layers

Trees Trees ShrubsPalms Ground Flowers Cover

Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Echinocactus 3. Senecio Grusonii Cineraria

2. Asparagus Densiflorus

1 1

Keywords Modern â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Antique Setting Small islands along pathways or private gardens Type: Mediterranean - Modern

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Euphorbia Milli

TreesTreesShrubs Palms Ground Flowers CoverShrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Identification

Comment:

Type:

The small Euphorbia is a beautiful fighter. Unlike most desert plants it blooms red flowers all year round and contrasts harsh environments. The plant is a good example of resilience.

Known as:

Crown of Thorns

Origin:

Properties Leaves

4cm long with sharp spines

Description:

Flowers

Blooms all years, small green shiny w/ red bracts

Fruits/Propagation

Small white Buds, stem-cut.

Growth Rate:

slow

It woody, spiny and evergreen shape extends to forms foliage covered with thorny stems. Its bright green foliage of only 4cm long leaves are wider at the base. Amongst its leaves are round green flowers that are shiny and spotted with red bracts. However, this plant has a short lifespan of only 5-9 years.

Water Required:

2-3 Liter/ day

Sun Exposure:

Usage:

Dimensions Height

0.8-0.9m

Radius:

0.2-0.3m

Spacing

0.6m

Roots

30-40cm

Desert and rock gardens

Bloom 1

Roof terrace Hedges

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Euphorbia milli Layers

1. Euphorbia Milli 2. Salvia Splendens

Trees Trees ShrubsPalms Ground Flowers Cover

Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

3. Pelargonium 4. Euryops Acraeus

Comments: The euphorbia is a distinctive plant that stands out in this grouping. Its flowers and leaves appear smooth but its thorns are dangerous. Protecting spectators, it is best to group it with the similar pelargonium Zonale and the salvia Splendens which. The contrasting characteristics create still unite to form a diverse setting. Moreover, the map Euryops acraeus puts a distance between spectators and the plants.

3 3 3

Keywords: Diversity â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Contrasting yet similar

Setting Containers, islands against walls Type: Mediterranean

1 1 4

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Furcraea Foetida

TreesTreesShrubs Palms Ground Flowers CoverShrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Comment:

Identification

Showy in and proud, this strong cactus resemble power and character. Its stands out in a landsacpe

Synonym

F. Giganta

Known as:

Mauritius Hemp

Origin:

Arizona

Properties Leaves

Mid. Green. Lance shape, 23,

Flowers

Pyramidal Panicles, 6-12m

Fruits/Propagation

Small white Buds, stem-cut.

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

2-3 Liter/ day

Description: Single stem 80-90 cm extends to the mid green lance shaped foliage of 2-3m. Narrow athe base with smooth margins. Its flower are pyramidal and strongly scented.

Usage: Desert and rock gardens

Sun Exposure:

Roof terrace Dimensions Height

0.8-0.9m

Radius:

0.2-0.3m

Spacing

0.6m

Roots

30-40cm

Bloom

Hedges

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Furcraea Foetida Layers

1. Furcraea 2. Kalanchoe 3. Asparagus Densiflorus

Trees Trees ShrubsPalms Ground Flowers Cover

Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

4. Echinocactus Grusonii

5. Duranta

Comment: Strong in this respective, the Furcraea stands out with power and brightness. The kalanchoe and asparagus create small shrubs or ground cover around emphasize the furcraea charisma and character. Surrounded by small yet decorative Echinocactus and framed by the bright durante to create an island.

4 1

Keywords

Reflecting – Arid – Gravel landscape

Setting On gravel or rocky gardens – Roof tops or courtyards Type: Arid gardens

3 3

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Kalanchoe Fedtschenkoi Comment:

Identification

The shrub like cactus is great for arid gardens. Its blue green color and shade creates a silver frame around a plant when used as a border. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a rigid, strong and enduring plant that is yet appealing

Arabic name:

Kalanchoe Fedtschenkoi

Known as:

Kalanchoe Fedtschenkoi

Origin:

Saudi Arabia C. & S. Africa

Properties Leaves

Blue-green, hairy, obvate 16cm, each w/ 2-8 teeth

Flowers

Dull Red-purple, bell shaped, 1-2cm,

Fruits/Propagation

Follicles

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

2-3 Liter/ day

Description: Its is an upright evergreen succulent. With bluegreen leaflets that are hairy. It has bell-shaped flowers that look like variegate. However it has a short lifespan of 8-10 years

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Courts, containers, roofs Dimensions Height

0.5-0.8m

Radius:

0.75-1m

Spacing

Roots

20-40cm

Bloom

Landscape and rock gardens

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Succ lant Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers CoverShrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Kalanchoe Fedtschenkoi Layers

Trees Trees ShrubsPalms Ground Flowers Cover

Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Kalanchoe 3. Echinocactus Fedtschenkoi Grusonii

2. Asparagus Densiflorus

4. Santorini

Comment: This arid type of grouping is great against walls or remote islands as well as gravel landscape. Its creates varies forms and masses which geometrically speak to each other. The colors reflect from the Asparagus to the Echinocactus and the Santlonina to the Kalanchoe.

1 3

Keywords Reflecting – Arid – Gravel landscape

Setting

On gravel or rocky gardens – Roof tops or courtyards Type: Arid gardens

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Yucca Elephantipes

TreesTreesShrubs Palms Ground Flowers CoverShrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Yucca Balady,Yucca Holandy

Known as:

Giant Yucca,Spineless Yucca

Origin:

Guatemala, S.E Mexico

Offensive in its foliage, its creates a focal point that stands out and extends to spectators. Its rigid leaves are still ornamental and almost elegant.

Properties Leaves

Sword-Like, Leathery

Description:

Flowers

Bell-Shaped, Whitish on long racemes.

Fruits/Propagation

Elliptic capsule 2-5cm long

Growth Rate:

Moderate

The thick woody and rough bark extend to the tip or the sword-like leaflets radiate. Its leathery bright green foliage is pointy yet flexible at the tip. This form somehow grows beautiful white flowers in racemes at the center. It becomes a tree-like evergreen succulent. Its also a medium living plant of 25-30 years.

Water Required:

2-3 Liter/ day

Sun Exposure:

Usage:

Dimensions Height

3-4m

Radius:

1-1.5m

Spacing

Roots

30-50cm

Specimen plant at courtyards

Bloom 1

Arid gardens Landscape islands Containers

http://www.public.asu.edu/~camartin/plants/Plant%20html%20files/Yucca%20elephantipes%20flower.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l

Yucca Elephantipes Layers

1. Yucca 2. Penisetum

Trees Trees ShrubsPalms Ground Flowers Cover

Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

3. Euryops Acraeus

4. Santorini

Comment: This greyish grouping is appropriate to graveled landscape where little water is required. The Yucca stands out at the top surrounded by the light and delicate Penisetum that contrasts and protects spectators from the yucca. The Euryops creates a flooring to distinguish this island whereby this its greyish shade extends and overlaps with the also tough santolina

1 3

Keywords Focal point â&#x20AC;&#x201C; overlapping

Setting

In arid landscape on gravel pathways Type: Arid gardens â&#x20AC;&#x201C; coastal salty environmental

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Palms

Bismarakia Nobilis

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Bismarkia

Known as:

Bismarck palm

Origin:

Madagascar

This attractive reflective palm is distinct in color and shape. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a slow growing plant but a strong focal point. Its large foliage emphasize its strength and the sharp ends emphasize durability. Its creates a dramatic effect to the landscape due to the form and color.

Properties Leaves

Huge, bright grayish, waxy, 3m across, sharp

Flowers

Stalks 1.2m, small fragrant, white, cream-grey unshowy

Fruits/Propagation

Round oblong, 2-6cm seeds

Growth Rate:

slow

Water Required:

70-80 Liter/ day

Description: The tropical fan palm has broad leaves that are waxy in texture. The sharp ends unite at the center of the foliage and all extend from on stem from the trunk. Its long living plant of 120-150 years.

Usage: Focal point that dominates a large space.

Sun Exposure:

Highway median and boulevards Dimensions Height

12-15m

Radius:

2.5m

Spacing

Roots

1.2-1.5m

Bloom

Large parks and entrances.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Bismarakia Nobilis Layers

1. Bismarkia 2. Ruellia

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

4. Santorini Chamaecypari ssus

3. Ipomeas

Comments:

Bismarkia is rarely grouped as it is extremely formal and expensive. However, with ruellia and Ipomea, its can be emphasized with the ruellia and santolina. Its silver characteristics and sharp shapes are reflected to the ruellia that creates a base to this luxurious palm. The ruellia becomes a mat of blue and greyish foliage. The Ipomea climbs to reemphasize this with the ruellia. This can be surrounded by the rigid santolina that creates a bright frame and sometimes blooms in contrasting yellow.

Keywords

Formal – focal point – richness Setting Focal point – large grass field island Type: Arid garden

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Chrysalidocarpus Lutsenc Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Areca Safraa

Known as:

Yellow Butterfly, Areca

Origin:

Madagscar

Elegant in form, this natural screen creams a dazzling form of arching foliage. Its loose leaves make it light and dynamic with the wind giving it a tropical expression as well

Properties Leaves

Spiral, compound 1-2m long linear-shape arching.

Flowers

Yellow-white, small 60cm panicles

Fruits/Propagation

Oval-round, fleshy brown

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

30-35 Liter/ day.

Description: It consists of multiple trunk which extends to the evergreen upright vase-shaped palm. Its foliage is spiral odd-numbered and pinnately compound. They are linear-shaped and arching up to 1-2m long.

Sun Exposure:

Usage:

Dimensions Height

5-7m

Radius:

Spacing

Roots

50-70cm

Natural scree

Bloom 1

Indoors Gardens and parks

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Chrysalidocarpus Lutsenc Layers

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Chrysalidocarp 3. Vinca us 4. Verbena 2. Bougainvillea Glabra

Comments:

Although mostly used as a specimen plant in single containers it can be even more attractive with Bouganvellia adding to its tropical looks. The glabra will create a bushy base filled with horizontally spreading foliage to cover the lower even more diversly colored Vinca. This creates a vibrant base to the tropical chrysalidocarpus much like these plants would to the sygarus.

1 2

2 2

Keywords Dignity â&#x20AC;&#x201C; elegance -

Setting

Pathways islands â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Focal points - Landmark Type: Tropical Garden

4 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Chamaedorea Seifrizii Comment:

Identification Arabic Name

Chamaedorea Seifrizii

Known as:

Reed Palm, Bamboo Palm

Origin:

Mexico, Central America

Ornamental and tropical. Its palm-like foliage resemble the elegance of a palm but the height of a shrub. Great for small entrances or home interior

Properties Leaves

Pinnate, Feather shaped, loose, rich green 60cm

Flowers

Separate, yellow stalks, 1525cm

Fruits/Propagation

Toxic, orange, black when ripe 8mm

Growth Rate:

Slow

Water Required:

10-15 Liter/ day

Description:

Sun Exposure:

Usage:

Dimensions Height

2-3m

Radius:

0.5-0.6m

Spacing

1-1.2m

Roots

50-60cm

Multiple cane-like flexible trunk that extends to the protruding foliage that is evergreen. Leaves are pointed but without thorns making itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a good interior plant however its fruits are toxic.

Bloom

Interior of offices, malls, or homes.

Small gardens

Courts

patios

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Palms

Flowers

Shrubs

Ground Palms Cover

Chamaedorea Seifrizii Layers

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Chamaedorea 3. Asparagus Seifrizii Densiflorus 2. Echinocactus Grusonii

Comment: This modern simple grouping is best for entrance or beds against walls. The chamaedorea gives a tropical effect contrasted by the arid Echinocactus then surrounded by the soft asaparagus Densiflorus giving a variety of evergreen forms, shades , and textures, however remaining modern.

2 3 3

Keyword Formal â&#x20AC;&#x201C; modern â&#x20AC;&#x201C; diverse

Setting Small islands against walls- modern settings Type: Arid gardens

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Chamaerops Humilis Comment:

Identification

Course leaves extending give a sharp effect that directly stands outs. It sharp stems have thorns giving a rough impression of durability.

Arabic name

Chamaerops

Known as:

European Fan Palm

Origin:

Mediterranean Sea Basin

Properties Leaves

Pinnate Grey-Green 60-90cm

Flowers

Dense, Yellow, Panicles 35cm Spring-Summer

Fruits/Propagation

Ovoid Red-Brown 2cm

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

Description: Bushy, shrubby palm has single or multi-trunks. Its produces suckers when matured. It has pinnate or grayish-green leaves that are spotted with dense yellow, almost hidden, panicles of flowers. It is a medium living plant of only 20-30 years.

30-35 Liter/ day. Usage:

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

2-3m

Radius:

1-2m

Spacing

Roots

0.9-1m

Small spaces like patios or entryways

Bloom 1

Forms barriers when in groups Used in containers and urns

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Chamaerops Humilis Layers

1. Chamaerops Humilis

3. Euphorbia milli

2. Carissa grandiflora

4. Santorini Chamaecypari ssus

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Comment: The sharp and formal Chamaerops Humilis stands out amidst the wide spreading Carissa grandiflora. The Carissa grandiflora would climb and appear that its flowers become a part of the Chamaerops Humilis. Followed by Vinca that adds a cheerful expression. Surrounded by a bright frame of santolina that appear to brighten this island. Keywords:

3 23

Formal â&#x20AC;&#x201C; eye catching â&#x20AC;&#x201C; focal point

Settings : Islands along pathways or at entrance points. Type: Arid gardens

1 2

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Cycas

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name

Cycas Zail Al-Gamal

Known as:

Japanese Sago Palm

Origin:

W. Australia, Japan

This small plant is expensive and unique in form. Giving a prestigious effect due to its unique leathery leaves and size.

Properties Leaves

Pinnate, Leathery, Lance shaped 0.75-1.5m

Flowers

Cones, 20-40cm, separate

Fruits/Propagation

Orange, Brownish,3-4cm

Growth Rate:

Slow

Water Required:

30-35 Liter/ day.

Description: Its single and bent trunk is short but sharp with thorns. It extend to form foliage that are linear and lance-shaped with stiff and leathery characteristics. With rather rarely seen flowers that are in the shape of cones and either female or male. This plant creates an evergreen, fern-like robust stemmed cycad. It is also a long living plant of 60-80 years.

Sun Exposure: Usage: Dimensions Height

2-3m

Radius:

.5-0.75m

Spacing

1.5m

Roots

50-70cm

Bloom

Specimen

Pot plant in courts and entries.

Effect shape in clusters and groups.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Cycas Layers

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Cycas

3. Duranta Erecta

2. Pelargonium Zonale

4. Senecio

Comment: This elegant and luxurious grouping emphasize richness. This Cycas sits as if it’s a flower along a bed of pelargonium. The leave are similar shades of green, however, the light green in the tips of the Cycas stands out with the red flowers of pelargonium. The Duranta and Senecio cineraria create a bright frame around the island making a lush area.

3 2 3

Keyword

Lush – elegant – luxurious

Setting Pathway nodes – focal points – entrance Type: Arid gardens

1 1 1

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l

Livistona Rotundifolia Comment:

Identification Arabic Name

‫ليفستونيا روتانيفولي‬

Known as:

Footstool palm

Origin:

S.E. Asia

Extremely memorable and provides unique focal point over large areas. Its shiny foliage is so up high glimmering and shiny over its smooth scared trunk

Properties Leaves

Large round, spherical, shiny

Trunk

20-25cm diameter solitary, smooth brown with scars

Fruits/Propagation

Small reddish-brown 1-2cm spherical

Growth Rate:

Fast

Water Required:

70-80 Liter/ day

Description: Its small trunk extends up to 24m with scared lines horizontally and wavy brown look. Its foliage is round and creates a spherical looking crown that is shiny from below.

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Large areas landscape.

Dimensions Height

Over 12m

Radius:

2-3m

Spacing

Roots

1.2-1.5m

Bloom

Golf courses

Long pathways

Coastal regions

A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l Reference.

http://llifle.com/Encyclopedia/PALMS_AND_CYCADS/Family/Arecaceae/24545/Livistona_rotundifolia

http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Livistona Rotundifolia Layers

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Livistona Rotundifolia

Comment: The lavistona is such a unique tree that is so large meaning that no plant should be placed besides it. Respect is required due to its height and uniqueness. The palm can be placed only in large areas so as not to confuse and scare spectators with its height. Best placed over large plazas or golf courses or linear but far to pathways.

3 2 3

Keyword Respect – scale - formal

Setting Parallel but far from pathways – wide streets Type: Mediterranean – tropical gardens

1 1 1

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Phoenix Dactlifera

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Nakheel Albalah

Known as:

Date Palm

Origin:

N. Africa, W. Asia

This powerful tree adds royalty and grandeur to the space. Reflects strength with its large trunk with scars and heights. Creates a powerful emphasize of grandness to pathways when placed linearly.

Leaves

Linear grayish leaflets, 4-6m

Description:

Flowers

bowl-shaped, creamy, -2m

Fruits/Propagation

Ellipsoid- cylindrical, sweets yellow-redish brown 8cm

Its large trunk extends to the tip where the foliage extends widely. The foliage is composed of linear grayish-green leaflets that grow in three directions. Its edible fruits are placed at the tip and it is a long living plant of 80-100 years.

Growth Rate:

fast

Usage:

Water Required:

70-80 Liter/ day

Parks and gardens

Properties

Sun Exposure:

Along curtain pathways for grandeur experience

Dimensions Height

15-20m

Radius:

2.5-3.5m

Spacing

Roots

1.2-1.5m

Focal point when placed in clusters

Bloom 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Phoenix Dactlifera Layers

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Phoenix Dactlifera 2. Bougainvillea Glabra OR 2. Penisetum

Comment: Phoenix add uniqueness and originality to the landscape. It has its own power and charisma, to reemphasize its grandness, delicate Penisetum can be add to create a bed around this powerful palm. Moreover, adding Cycas can make this a more sincere plant, reflecting its dignity and grandness at the small scaler while retaining its power.

3 33

Keywords Power â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Charisma â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Dignity - Character Settings Axial pathways, entrance gates, in clusters for emphasis. Type: Mediterranean

1 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Washingtonia Robusta Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

washingtonia rafea elsaque

Known as:

Washingtonia palm

Origin:

Canyons sonora

Powerful tree adds long beautiful evergreen foliage to the sky.

Properties Leaves

Linear green leaflets, 4-6m

Description:

Flowers

Up to 3m

Spiky trunk with tall fan palm. Sky scraper of the space.

Fruits/Propagation

Ellipsoid- cylindrical, sweets yellow-redish brown 8cm

Usage:

Growth Rate:

fast

Water Required:

70-80 Liter/ day

Parks and gardens Along curtain pathways for grandeur experience Focal point when placed in clusters

Sun Exposure: Dimensions Height

15-20m

Radius:

2.5-3.5m

Spacing

Roots

1.2-1.5m

Bloom 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Washingtonia Robusta Layers

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Washingtonia Robusta

Comment: This plant is best placed alone to express strength and show its beautiful geometry.

Keywords

Power â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Charisma â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Dignity - Character

Settings

Axial pathways, entrance gates, in clusters for emphasis. Type: Mediterranean

1 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Ravenala madagascariensis Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Ravenala

Known as:

Travelerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s tree

Origin:

Madagascar

Elegant and royal in its form. The extending foliage creates a superb round crown from. Its distinct green shades create valuable tree. Its creates a landmark plant that is also tropical

Properties Leaves

Long, fan shaped, 3m

Description:

Flowers

Creamy-white, canoeshaped 30cm, july-august.

Fruits/Propagation

Light blue seeds in brown fruits

Growth Rate:

Moderate

This tropical plant is cultivate for its distinct foliage and form. Its trunk itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a sturdy gray trunk when mature. With long foliage that is fan shaped and up to 3m long. It is also a palm-like structure resembling bird-of-paradise. Elevating a symmetrical crown.

Water Required:

70-80 Liter/ day Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Tropical landscape effect anywhere. Dimensions Height

6-9m

Radius:

Spacing

Roots

50-70cm

Bloom

Indoors, green houses

Intersecting points or landmarks space.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Ravenala madagascariensis Layers

1. Ravenala

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

4. Duranta Erecta

2. Strelitzia 3. cestrum

Comment: The broad leaves of the Strelitzia and Ravenala reflect each other in shape and color. The provide a dense boundary on the upper and medium level. They create a tropical expression of elegance. The cestrum adds to the atmosphere a beautiful scent and delicate foliage that has an uplifting and healing experience. The Durante makes an evergreen boundary around this grouping to reemphasize it.

3 3

Keywords Free – light – tropical – elegance

Setting Small pathways, borders, focal points Type

Tropical garden

1 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Roystonea Regia

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Nakheel Melouky

Known as:

Royal Palm

Origin:

Cuba and Panama

Excellent for luxurious expression of richness and dignity. Its smooth trunk express royalty with a distinct crown. Great for walkways addressing significance.

Properties Leaves

Long, dark green, feather shaped 3-5m long

Flowers

Tiny, Cup shaped, borne in panicles 1m long

Fruits/Propagation

Rounded small fruit w/seed

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

70-80 Liter/ day

Description:

Sun Exposure:

Usage:

Dimensions Height

15-20m

Radius:

3-5m

Spacing

10m

Roots

1.2-1.5m

The smooth white trunk extends to the columnar slightly swollen in the middle form. It consists of pinnate feather shaped 3-5m foliage with leaflets arranged at different levels. It is also a long living plant of 70-90 years.

Pedestrian axials pathways, important entrance

Bloom 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Roystonea Regia Layers

1. Roystonea Regia

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

3. Cycas 4. Duranta Erecta

2. Cupressus Macrocorpa

Comment: Expressing lushness and royalty along with richness this grouping is most appropriate to entrances of significance. Its expensive costs alongt with texture and royal form express luxury. These combined created reflecting shades of green that create a spectacle of geometry.

Keywords Lush â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Luxury â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Dignity - Royalty Setting Entrances or central gardens in a landsape

Type: Meditteranean

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Sabal Yapa

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Comment:

Identification Arabic Name

Sabal Yapa

Known as:

Thatch Palm

Origin:

W. Cuba

Elegant and tropical in form, the sabal Yapa is also a healing plant with medicinal fruits. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s evergreen foliage can create a lush landscape with other plants

Properties Leaves

Stiff, mid green fan shaped foliage

Description:

Flowers

Bisexual, inconspicuous

This highly branched palm extends its stems to fan shaped foliage upwards. Its leaves are bi-color with lighter green below. Its trunk is reddish brown.

Fruits/Propagation

Fleshy, edible,

Growth Rate:

Moderate

Water Required:

70-80 Liter/ day

Sun Exposure:

Usage:

Dimensions Height

9-12m

Radius:

2.2-3m

Spacing

4.7-6m

Roots

50-70cm

Tropical landscapes

Bloom 1

Parks and gardens Clusters for shaded areas

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Sabal Yapa Layers

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Sabal Yapa 2. Vinca 3. Wedalia

Comment: Although the sabal has a very unique trunk that must be shown, it can still be more attractive and eye catching with the colorful Vinca. The Wedalia provides a mat of bright green foliage with yellow protruding flowers giving hierarchy to the sabal Yapa. Keyword

2 3 3

Hierarchy – colorful –focal - elegant

Setting Focal points – large gardens Type: Cottage garden -

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

Syagrus Romanzoffianum Comment:

Identification Arabic Name:

Nakheel Alcocus

Known as:

Queen Palm

Origin:

Brazil

Extremely elegant in its independence and singular form. Its tropical expression comes from its foliage of loose and feathery leaves. Its also known for its trunk of flowing fronds.

Properties Leaves

Feathery, loose, soft, tropical

Flowers

Broom, Bush-like, white flowers.

Fruits/Propagation

Olive-sized 2.5cm, round

Growth Rate:

fast

Water Required:

70-80 Liter/ day

Description: It has a smooth trunk and single-cluster-stems. It foliage is Feathery and held in dense green cluster at the center. Its flowers look like a brush of white clustered flowers emerging from the center. It is also a long living plant of 50-60 years.

Usage:

Sun Exposure:

Along pathways and intersection points

Dimensions Height

10-13m

Radius:

3-3.5m

Spacing

Roots

1.2-1.5m

Used in clusters to emphasize dignity.

Bloom 1

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Syagrus Romanzoffianum Layers

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

1. Syagrus Glabra Romanzoffian 3. Vinca um 2. Bougainvillea 4. Verbena

Comments:

The sygarus can be even more attractive with bougavellia adding to its tropical looks. The glabra will create a bushy base filled with horizontally spreading foliage to cover the lower even more diversly colored Vinca. This creates a vibrant base to reputable elegant palm

1 2

2 2

Keywords Dignity â&#x20AC;&#x201C; elegance Setting

Pathways islands â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Focal points - Landmark

Type: Tropical Garden

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Wodyetia Bifurcata

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms

Comment:

Identification

This prestigious and luxurious plant creates an elegant landscape when placed in clusters. Its distinct foliage resemble that of the foxtail giving it a unique form

Arabic Name

Foxtail

Known as:

Foxtail Palm

Origin:

Northeastern Asia

Properties Leaves

Pinnate, arching 3m, bright green held in several planes

Flowers

Inflorescence pendulous 1m

Fruits/Propagation

Spherical 5cm, olive-green

Growth Rate:

moderate

Water Required:

70-80 Liter/ day

Description: Solitary erect palm with gray trunk, slightly swollen at the base and middle. Its foliage is has leaves extending 360 around the stems and a medium life span of 40-60years

Sun Exposure:

Usage: Dimensions Height

10-15m

Radius:

2-3m

Spacing

4-6m

Roots

1.2-1.5m

Bloom

Specimen palm in landscape settings

Patio or deck plant in large pot.

Used in clusters or rows along streets or pathways.

Reference. A plant guidebookhttp://www.learn2grow.com/plants/cassia-javanica/ for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/67771/

Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

Wodyetia Bifurcata Layers

1. Wodyetia Bifurcata

Trees Trees Shrubs Palms Ground Flowers Cover Shrubs Succulents Ground Palms Cover

3. Euphorbia Milli

2. Clitoria ternatea

Comment: The Wodyetia is an elegant independent plant that can be surrounded with a high rising foliage of colorful shrubs like the Clitoria with its appealing flower and the euphorbia milli with the bright green foliage and red to pink flowers creating an attractive frame both in the foxtail foliage and the bed surrounding it.

3 2 3

Keyword

Modern – formal – elegant - lush

Setting Pathways – intersection points – clusters in a plaza Type: Mediterranean garden

http://plants.thegrowingplace.com/Content/Images/Photos/F771-15.jpg A plant guidebook for Al-Azhar park and the city of Cairo volume l

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