Comic volcano

Natural Science 2 ESO Marian Ruiz

W hat i s a Vol cano?

A volcano is a landform (usually a mountain) where molten rock erupts through the surface of the planet.

In simple terms a volcano is a mountain that opens downward to a pool of molten rock (magma) below the surface of the earth. It is a hole in the Earth from which molten rock and gas erupt.

How many volcanoes are there in the world?

There are around 1510 'active' volcanoes in the world. We currently know of 80 or more which are under the oceans.

Did you know?

The name "volcano" has its origin from the name of Vulcan, a god of fire in Roman mythology.

What are the layers of the Earth ?

1. Crust. It is the outer layer of Earth.

It is the part we live on.

2. Mantle. It ‘s the second layer 3. Core. The inner layer is called the core.

What is the difference between lava and magma?

MAGMA is liquid rock inside a volcano.

LAVA is liquid rock (magma) that flows out of a volcano.

What causes volcanoes to erupt?

The Earth's crust is made up of huge plates, which fit together like a jigsaw puzzle. These plates sometimes move.

Between the Earth's crust and the mantle is a substance called magma which is made of rock and gases.

When two plates collide, one section slides on top of the other, the one beneath is pushed down. Magma is squeezed up between two plates.

How many different shapes of volcano are there?

They are made up of

Cinder

Shield

alternating layers of

built

volcanoes are

lava and ash (other

from lava fragments

huge

volcanoes just consist

called cinders.

of lava).

The lava

in

size.

They are built by many

layers

of

runny lava flows.

Their

eruptions

are characterized

Composite volcanoes usually erupt in an explosive way.

by low-explosivity lava-fountaining.

They are also known as strato-volcanoes.

cones are

fragments

are ejected from a single vent and accumulate

around

the vent when they fall back to earth.

What are the different stages of volcanoes?

An active volcano is a volcano that has had at least one eruption during the past 10,000 years. An active volcano might be erupting or dormant. There are 539 active volcanoes that have been identified

A dormant volcano is an active volcano that is not erupting, but might erupt again in the future.

There are another 529 volcanoes that scientists think have erupted in the past 10,000 years.

An extinct volcano has not had an eruption for at least 10,000 years and is not expected to erupt again in a comparable time scale of the future.

LABEL THE PICTURE BELOW

Unscramble the following letters to make words related to volcanoes

How to Make an Erupting Volcano Whatl you will need: • • • • • • • • •

Aluminum pie plate.

Cardboard egg cartoons Baking soda (about 3-4 tablespoons) Vinegar (about 1/2 cup) A few drops of liquid dishwashing detergent Small plastic bottle (like a small pop bottle) Funnel Measuring spoon and measuring cup Red food coloring

How to make it: 1. Put the clean, empty bottle on the aluminum pie plate .

2. Using the paste made with cardboard egg cartons, make a volcano around the bottle.

3. Put 3 to 4 tablespoons of baking soda into the bottle. Then add a few drops of liquid dishwashing detergent and about a half cup of water.

4. Put a few drops of red food coloring into about one-half of a cup of vinegar.

5. Pour the vinegar mixture into the bottle (then quickly remove the funnel).

Your volcano will erupt immediately!

GLOSSARY ACTIVE VOLCANO - An active volcano is one that erupts regularly.

ASH - Ash particles are smaller than 2 mm in size. They consist of fragments of lava or rock blasted into the air by volcanic explosions.

ASH CLOUD : A cloud of ash formed by volcanic explosions.

CONDUIT : An underground passage through which magma travels.

CRATER: The giant hole left by a volcanic eruption. Craters sometimes fill up with water to make crater lakes.

DORMANT VOLCANO - A dormant volcano is one that has not erupted for many years, although there is still some activity deep inside.

ERUPTION (Erupting Volcano): The release of lava, ash or gas from a volcano.

EXTINCT VOLCANO - An extinct volcano is a volcano that is no longer active.

FLANK: The side of a volcano.

LAVA - Lava is the liquid rock (magma) that flows out of a volcano.

MAGMA: Thick, liquid (melted) rock.

MAGMA CHAMBER: A space deep underground filled with melted rock.

PARASITIC CONE: A small cone-shaped volcano formed by an accumulation of volcanic debris.

PUMICE: a light, porous volcanic rock that forms during explosive eruptions.

PYROCLASTIC FLOW: expulsion of hot ash and lava fragments which flow at a great pace TEPHRA or volcanic bombs: semi molten pieces of rocks.

VENT: Any opening in Earth’s surface where volcanic materials come out.

VOLCANO: is an opening in the Earth’s crust where magma escapes from below.