Рабочая тетрадь к учебнику_Окружающий мир_Обитатели Земли.pdf by Наиль Гимаев

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Pa31111:q1110 rrpol(eccoB ropett11.s:I 11 .l(b1xaH¥UI. Cxo.n;CTBY ropeH11.s:I 11 .l(bIXaH11.s:I. Cxo.ncTBY 11 pa311Mq1110 ropcHM.s:I H .l(b1xatti-uI. Maun1HaM.

8b16ep111 1113 ,QaHHblX H111>Ke npeAflO>KeHll1111 TO, B KOTOpOM pacC Ka3blBaeTCfl 0 CXO,QCTBe aBTOM06111nfl 111 opraHll13Ma. 0TMeTb ero

11111.w

~·

D B .n;B11raTe11e aBTOM06M11.s:I roproqee - 6cH3MH D IT pH ::>TOM MarnMHa, rro.n:o6tto opraHl13MY,

- cropaeT. 11crro11h3YCT

KHCJIOpo.n; B03.n:yxa. D Bb1.n;c1111:Brna.s:Ic.s:I 3HeprH.s:I coBeprnaeT pa6ory - KPJTMT Ko11eca. D A OTXO.UbI - BbIXJIOIIHbie ra3bI H yr11eKMCJibIH ra3 - BbI6pacbrnaIOTC.s:I B aTMoc¢epy.

KaKafl oco6eHHOCTb >K111soro opraHll13Ma OTCYTCTsyeT y asToMo6111nfl? 8b16ep111 TOnbKO O,Q111H OTBeT 111 OTMeTb era ~·

D D D D

Ilor11oructt11e KMc11opo.n.a. I10Tpe611ettMe BeruecTB. Bh1.n:e11ett11e BeruecTB. PocT 11 caMoo6HOBJICHMe.

Han111w111, YeM aBTOM06111nb noxo>K Ha KOposy, a YeM OTn111YaeTCfl OT Hee.

!CTB

:Hbl,

§ 9. KAK >Kll1BblE OPfAHll13Mbl 3AnACAtoT 3HEPfll1to COilHUA

1. Cl

.QonVIWVI cppa3bl VI o6bf!CHVI, OTKYAa nonyYatOT 3HeprV1t0 see >KV1Bb1e opraHVl3Mbl Ha Haweli1 nnaHeTe. C

rroMOil(hIO

CoJittna pacTeH1u1 rrpoH3BO.l(5IT

M3 yrJICKMCJIOro ra3a B03,n:yxa, BO,l(bl M MMHepaJibHbIX Bell(eCTB IlOlJBbI opraHl1tJeCKMe Bell(eCTBa. )l(MBOTHbie 11CI10Jlb3YIOT ,l(JI51 )KJ13HM

[

opraHMlJeCKHX Bell(eCTB, co.n:ep)Kall(MX-

C51 B pacTeHl15IX.

2. Cl

Hol.f btO 3HeprV1fl ConHt...ta Ha 3eM11t0 He nocTYnaeT. 8b1XOAV1T, >KVl3Hb pacTeHV11i1 VI >KVIBOTHblX npeKpal4aeTcfl? HanVIWVI CBOe MHeHVle 06 3TOM. 06MeH BemecTB pacTeHl1H H )KMBOTHbIX HOlJhIO

OCTa-

,..

c::

)t-

HaBJIHBaeTC5I. 3TO B03MO)l(H0 6Jiaro.n:ap5I crroco6nocTH iKMBbIX opraHH3MOB 3arracaTb

3. [i] •

KaKVle npeAMeTbl VI opraHVl3Mbl cnoco6Hbl nocTeneHHO HaKanilVIBaTb, 3anacaTb 3HeprV1t0? noAYepKHVI. .QonVIWlll CBOVI npVIMepbl. 3MU,

TeJICBH30p,

6aTapei1Ka,

rretJKa,

.n:y6,

KOMilbIOTep,

aKKYMYJI5ITOp, o,n:yBaHlJHK, aBTOM06MJib, THrp, MOJIOTOK, IlHJia, pacqecKa, co6aKa, .n:posa, ra3oBa5I rrJIHTa, ,n:oM, Bo,n:a, yroJib, 6yMara, JIOIIIa,l(b, 6eJJhIM rpH6.

IDI

4. li!Jl •

noAYepKHVI KpaCHblM KapaHAaWOM >KVIBble opraHVl3Mbl, KOTOpb1e caMOCTOflTenbHO 3anacat0T 3HeprV1t0 ConHt...ta. CVIHVIM KapaHA8WOM nOAYepKHVI Te opr8HVl3Mbl, KOTOpb1e nonyl.f8IOT 3HeprV1t0 OT APYrVlx. Eepe3a, KparrHBa,

cJIOH, BHlllH5I,

oca, KpOT,

.n:y6,

K11T,

6a60lJKa,

MHKpo6b1, MYXOMOp,

rro.n:6epe3oBMK, MOX,

o6e3b51Ha,

5ICCHh, THrp, Ka6atJKl1, Myxa, poMaIIIKa, MaHCKHH )l(yK, rpH6TPYTOBl1K, rreTpyIIIKa, Koposa, TapaKaH, Jil1CTBeHHHUa, 6eJihIM

rp116, Cbipoe)KKa.

3 y

§ 10. >Klll3Hb SKOClllCTEMbl nonpo6ylll OTr8A8Tb 111 AOnll1C8Tb, B nOMO~Hll1K8X K8Kll1X «npo¢ecc111lll» Hy>KiQaeTcs:i YenoseK Alls:! 38Mb1KaH111s:i KpyrosopoTa se~ecTB Ha nons:ix.

1. [I] •

1,ZVIT ~CTB

,ll;JUI

Kny6HV1

KapTocpenb

(HX-

3bl-

1Wlt1

CTa-

.----60TB8

MonoKo

Koposa

t - - - ---.

.____;-P_a_3_py_w_V1_T_en-V1~~

rn •

2. nonpo6ylll COCT88111Tb ~enb nll1T8Hll1s:! 1113 CJ18AYIO~ll1X >Kll1BblX opraHll13Mos: 5ICTpe6, KJieru;, eJih, 6eJIKa. 8b1n111w111 Ha3BaH111s:i yYacTHll1KOB n111~esolll ~en111 111 coeA111H111 111x CTpe11KaM111.

BbIX

HHO 80111

3. Ii) • OnpeAen111, KaK HYJKHO nepeMecrnTb JKll1Bb1e opraHll13Mbl, '-IT06bl K8>KAbllll 1113 Hll1X nonan B CBOIO 3KOCll1CT8MY 111 OK838J1Cs:! xopowo np111cnoco611eHHblM K ee yc110Bll1HM? YKa>Kll1 CTp811K8Mll1.

rep,

Ula,

)Jlb,

Mbl,

-fll1M

3IOT

lHK,

IHa,

1Jf6v

CbIH

4. [j] •

nonpo6yli1 OTr8A8Tb Y8CTb 3KOCV1CT8Mbl no Ha6opy CBs:l38HHblX c Heli1 no CMb1cny cnos. Han111w111 H83BaHvie 3Toli1 Y8CTV1.

(.D:bUUaTb, BeTep, rrpo3paqHQCTh, fa3) (JI11Tb, TeqeHMe, npo3paqHQCTb, :>KM.UKOCTb) ( rrpOYTIOCTh, TBep.n:oe TeJIO, IlOJie3Hbie MCKOnaeMbie) (3eJieIIbIM UBeT, BhI,n:eJieHMe KMCJIOpo.n:a, pocT) ( ITJIO,nopo.n:Me, CMeCb, KOpeHb) ( MepTBbie OCTaTKM opraHM3MOB, noqBa, ITMTaHMe) (.D:BH:>KeHMe, nHTanue, ,n:h1xau11e, pocT) Cnosa Ha Bb16op: so.n:a, npo113so.n:MTeJIH, rroTpe611TeJI11, rroqBa, B03,nyx , ropHhIC rropo,n:hI, pa3py rnMTeJIH.

5. rim •

OnpeAenvi, KaK111e CBs:l31t1 cyu.teCTBYIOT BHYTP1t1 3KOClt1CT8Mbl. ,Qom-1w111 cppa3bl.

PacTe1111R

norJiomaroT

B03.n:yxa

c )K11BOTHbie

IlOfJIOIUaIOT

113

so3,n:yxa

c: PacTCHl1R

so.n:y

113 rroqsbI. )KMBOTilbie

so.n:y.

PacTen11R rroqse

r opHbl8 nopOAbl

)K11BOTHbie Tiol.rna 06pa3yeTcR M3 cocTasnM

)K11BOTHhie

IlOfJIOII(aIOT

113

Hee

B noqse. ropHhie rropo,n:hI.

BoJJ:a Bo.n:a -

rop11h1x rropo.n:. rroqabI. pacTeHMRMM.

c r r

CBfl-

§ 11. nol..IBA - BA>KHELilWAs:I l..IACTb 3KOClllCTEMbl

3CTlll.

m•

PacKpacb p111cyHOK, Ha KOTOpOM rpaKTOp111CT np88111J1bHO pacnax111sa11 none. ,Qon111w111 cppa3bl.

IDI

erePacnawKa BAOnb cKnoHa np1t1BOA1t1T K noYBbl.

PacnawKa nonepeK CKnOHa cnoco6cr eyer _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ noYBbl.

Cnosa Ha Bb16op: CMbIB, c6epe:>KeHHe.

10.uy

m•

noysy HY)f(HQ 6ep8Yb, B8Ab OH8 OCHOBa n110AOPOA111H. Hap111cyi.i1 3CKll13 nnaKaTa, np1113blBatO~ero J1toA8i.i1 6ep8)f(HQ OTHOCll1TbCfl K noYse. np111AyMai.i1 111 Han111w111 1103yHr K nnaKary.

Hee

3. [j]

Cocrasb nnaH TeKcTa

1113 yye6H111Ka.

m•

06bf1CHll1, KOrO 6narOAap111T Kp8CTbf1Hll1H 3a xopow111lll ypo>Kalll. noKa>Klll Ha p111CYHK8 CTpenKOlll.

e..

1 c

[

c B

c 5. [i] • Ha 3TOM p111cyHK8 111306pa>KeH n0'-188HHbllll pa3p83. no-

CTaBb B HY>KHblX M8CTax cn8AYIOLJ41118 n0An111c111: «npo1113BOA111T8n111», «paapyw111Ten111», «rH111t01J4111e ocTaTKll1 opraHll13MOB», «neperHolll», «ropHble nopOAbl».

2 Al

§ 12. 3KOCll1CTEMA 03EPA

1. CJ •

1/13yYlllM KpyrosopOT 881.J.18CTB B 03epe. nonn111w111 Ha CX8M8 scex 06'.·1T8Tenelll 3KOCll1CT8Mbl 03epa.

ll]

CBET

.___ _ _ ___, •

Mepreb1e opraHLt13Mbl ,._,._ _ _ _ __

@ 06b~CHll1, YTO o603H8Y8toT CTpenK111:

n:ern1 - rrepe,naqa BemecTB. Ben~CCTB.

YeM CB111A8T8nbCTBY8T CTpenKa

Pa3pyunITeJI11

no-

ire-

pe-

D? noAyMalll 111 Han111w111 OTB8T.

crrpaBJI5IIOTC5I co CBoeif pa6oTOH.

A 3TO 3Ha1:111T, qTo KpyroBopoT BemecTB B 03epe ITOJIHOCTbIO 3aMKHyT.

liJ •

noAY8pKHll1 3eneHblM K8p8HA8WOM 03epHblX np01113BOA111T8nelll, Kp8CHblM - n0Tpe6111Tenelll, KOp111YH8BblM - pa3pyw111Tenelll.

lUyKa, xapa, OKYHb, KYBlllHHKa, poro3,

IDI

MOTbIJib, l(HKJIOIT, Ka-

Mbilll, .na¢HH5I, paK, Kapacb, 3Jio,ne5I, rrJIOTBa, OKYHb, 6e33y6Ka.

3. liJ

O nollll.J.1111 B KHlllraX, KaK DIOAlll 111CDODb3YIOT 038pHbl8 3KOc111cTeMb1. Han111w111, YTO Tbl y3Han.

lil •

Hap111cyC1 cxeMaT111YHo 3Koc111cTeMy o3epa. l/1306pa3111 Ha p111cyHKe pacTeHll1fl 111 >Kll1BOTHblX, o KOTOpbrx Tbl Y3Han 1113 yye6Hll1Ka. noKa>Kll1 CTp8nKaMll1, KTO 1113 Hll1X Y8M n111Ta8TCs:I. KaK Ha3blB8t0Tcs:1 4en111 1113 noeAat0~111x APYr Apyra >Kll1BblX opraHll13MOB?

•

a r

5. ~ • 0TB8Tb Ha sonpocb1 111 nposepb, npas111nbHO n111 Tbl ycso111n TeMy. MenK111C1 paYoK, n111Tat0~111C1cs:1 BOAOpocns:1M111- nnaHKTOHOM. Ero 111cnonb3YtOT nt06111Ten111 aKBap111yMOB 8 Ka'-18CTB8 KOpMa AnH pb160K.

2. np1116p8>KH08 paCT8Hll18, KOTOp08 YaCTO H888pHO Ha3blBatOT KaMblWOM.

1s I

06111Tat0~111C1 Ha AHe «Mycop~111K» c KnewHs:1M111.

[f j3 j Q3epHas:1 pb16a, n111Tat0~as:1cs:1 MenK111M111 paYKaM111: A8cpH111s:1M111 111 4111KnonaM111.

o:: 2.

Ecn111 Tbl npas111nbHO OTBeT111n Ha sonpocbr, TO, B3s:IB 1113 nonyYeHHblX cnos HY>KHYtO 6yKsy 111 nocTas111s ee s HY>KHOM nops:iAKe, Tbl nonyY111Wb Ha3BaH111e sa>KHoro s:1sneH111R 0Ho CBH3aHO c H838MKHYTblM KpyrosopOTOM 038p.

1 2

(31

l r l I I IEI

9 10

L131EI I I

4 _ __

3. 4. HE

Ta 6. 7. 8.

1 Ha

1113

KaK BblX

§ 13. 3KOClllCTEMA 60JlOTA

Ill

1. Ii) •

noAY8pKHll1 38fleHblM KapaHAaWOM 60flOTHblX np01113BOA111T8fl8Ll1, KpaCHblM - noTpe6111TeneL11, KOp111YH8BblM - pa3pyw111TeneL11. 5eJiaH

KyporraTKa,

KY JIHK,

KJIIOKBa,

6ary JihIIHK,

)l(ypaBJib ,

MHKp06hI, JI5ITY IIIKa, roJiy 6HKa, OCOKa, JIOCb, KOMap, MOpOIIIKa, c¢arttyM.

liJ •

YTo

nepenyTan

xyAO>KH111K?

nocTasb

npas111nbHO

CTp8I1Kll1.

Tbl

Ero AJlfl

8IOT

3. Cl

DTraAaLl1 111 Han111w111, KaK Ha3brsaeTcf1 np111pOAHOe 6oraT-

cTso 6onoT, 1113 KOToporo sapflT Kll1C8flb 111 sapeHbe.

4. [!] •

Pew111 KpOCCBOpA, 111 TOrAa Tbl CMO>K8Wb npOYll1TaTb Ha3BaHll18 «npo¢ecc111111» opraHll13MOB, KOTOpblM np111XOA111TCf1 Tyro Ha 60flOT8. 4 7

f1Mll1

1113

HOM OHO

n111Yll1HKll1 KOMapos, >Kll1BY~ll18 Ha AH8 o3epa. 2. 6onOTHaf1 nT11114a c Aflll1HHblMll1 HoraMll1. 11 3. CaMoe rnasHoe pacTeH111e 6onoT. 4. np1116pe>KH08 paCT8Hll18, KOTOp08 YaCTO H888pHO Ha3blBaKJT KaMblWOM. 5. Tonn111so, 06pa3yeMoe 1113 OTMepw111x ocTaTKOB paCT8H111Ll1. 6. X111~Haf1 o3epHaf1 pbr6a. 7. .Qflll1HHOHOCaf1 60flOTHaf1 nT11114a. 8. HaceKoMoe, «n111TaKJ~eecf1» nocf1Mll1.

'---

'2 l;j

,___

.__

.___

,___ .___

Y"t~MCSI noH~MaTb TeKCT.

[i) •

npOYll1T8i.:1 TeKCT «KaK o6pa3yeTCfl TOpcp» H8 CTp. yYe6H111Ka. 8b1nonH111 38,Q8Hll1R

1. 1/13 Yero o6pa3yeTCfl Topcp? 8b16ep111 TOJlbKO O,Qll1H OTBeT 111 OTMeTb era [YJ.

D D D

113 OTMepunix ocTaTKOB useTKOBhIX pacTeHHM.

113 OTMeprnHx ocTaTKOB pa3pyrn11TeJie:H.

113 OTMeprn11x ocTaTKOB 6oJIOTHbIX )KHBOTHbIX. 113 OTMeprn11x ocTaTKOB Mxa-cQ:>arHyMa.

noYeMy TOpcp 06pa3yeTCfl 111MeHHO H8 60J10T8X? 8b16ep111 TOJlbKO O,Q111H OTBeT 111 OTMeTb era [YJ.

D D

TioToMy l!TO na 6oJioTax oqeHb 6oraT<UI pacTHTeJibHOCTb.

TioToMy l!TO TOJihKO Ha 6oJioTax pa3pyrnHTeJIH o6HTaIOT B BO,n:e. D TioToMy qTo TOJibKO Ha 6oJioTax B rroqse TeMrrepaTypa HH)Ke, qeM Ha so3,n:yxe.

TioToMy l!TO BO BJia)KHOM 6oJIOTHo:H rroqse HeT KHCJiopo,n:a H He MoryT )KHTb pa3pylllHTCJIH.

noYeMy Ha 60llOTe T8K M8Jl0 pa3pyw111Tenell!? TOJlbKO O,Qll1H OTBeT 111 OTMeTb era [YJ.

E p

8b16ep111

Tio,n: cJioeM Mxa CJIHlllKOM MHoro KHcJiopo,n:a.

B ao,n:e pa3pyrnHTeJI11 He )KHByT.

Ha 6oJioTe BJia)KHO H rro3TOMY MaJIO KHCJiopo,n:a.

CQ:>arttyM y611saeT MHKpo6os.

4. KaK Jlt0,Qll1 111cnOJlb3YtOT Topcp? 8b16ep111 TOJlbKO O,Q111H OTBeT 111 OTMeTb era [YJ.

D B

)lJI5I H3rOTOBJieHH5I TKaHe:H.

D B D B 5.

KaqecTBe CTpOHTeJibHoro MaTep11aJia. KaqecTBe Torr1111Ba. ITHI.l.(Y CKOTy.

Han111w111, 1113 OTMepw111x OCT8TKOB K8Kll1X :>Kll1Bb1X opraHll13MOB

06pa3yeTcs::i Topcp.

6. KaKoe npeAflO.>KeH"1e nyYwe scero noMoraeT noHs:rrb ocHo~to MblCJlb TeKCTa? 8b16ep"1 TOJlbKO OA"1H OTBeT "1 OTMeTb era

l:t.J.

Tio3TOMY OTMepnnie ocTaTKH He pa3pyrnaIOTCH, a rrocTerreHHO yrrJIOTHHIOTCH H rrpeBpamaIOTCH B Topel>. D Co BpeMeHeM cJiow Topct>a cTaHOBHTCH Bee TOJIII(e, a 60JIOTo cyrne.

3acyHyB pyKy rro.u MOX, ThI cpa3y rroqyBCTByernh xoJio.n: ,U(l)KC B :>KapKHH .ueHh.

Tipow.ueT MHoro JieT, H 3.zi:ecb MoryT rroHBHThCH JiyroBbie pacTCHHH: JIIOTHKH, poMalllKH, KOJIOKOJihqHKH, II(aBeJih.

iepV1

7. 0

YeM rnaBHblM o6pa30M XOTeJl CK838Tb 88Top? 8b16ep"1 TOJlbKO OA"1H OTBeT "1 OTMeTb era ~路

路aroT

D D

rypa

~Tb.

06 oco6eHHOCTHX o6pa30BaHHH Topct>a. 06 ycJIOBHHX :>KH3HH Ha 6oJioTe. 0 6oJIOTHhIX pa3pyrnHTeJIHX. 0 rrpffqHHax n16eJIH Mxa.

Ecn"1 6b1 s TeKcTe 6b111 eL.Lte OA"1H a63a~. o YeM 6b1 s HeM

p8CCK83bl88Jl0Cb? ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-

KaKO~ "13 38rOJlOBKOB TOYHee OTp8.>K8eT COAep>K8H"1e TeKCTa? 8b16ep"1 TOJlbKO OA"1H OTBeT "1 OTMeTb era [Y].

D D D

l1crroJih30BaHMe TOIIJIHBa JIIO.UhMH. f.n:e :>KHBeT cct>arHyM? TorrJIHBO 113 6oJioTa. q TO 06pa3yeTcH Ha MecTe 6oJioTa?

10.

'-ho Te6e nOK838JlOCb C8MblM "1HTepeCHblM B 3TOM TeKCTe? nol.feMy Te6e 3TO "1HTepeCHO?

MOB

§14. 3KOClf1CTEMA IlYfA

1. Ii] •

.QoraAalilcfl, s Hapvtcylil vtx.

E "

KaKOM vt3 osparos pocnvt 311aKvt.

_ .. .....~

.. . ~ . ·. . .

~ J

•

.. 1)

•

0. •

,, ~

·.....> -

•

0 0

.·

·...'

. "'

·o·

2. Ii] noAYepKHvt 3e11ElHblM KapaHAaWOM nyrOBblX npOV13BOAV1Te11elil, KpaCHblM - noTpe6vtTenelil, KOpvtYHeBblM - pa3pywvtTe11elil. CTpeKo3a, )Ky)KeJIM[(a,

Bac1u1eK,

Tp.Hcory3Ka,

Mbllllb-MaJIIOTKa,

.no)K,neBo:H

naCTYlllb.H

qepBb,

cyMKa,

3JiaK,

rroqBeHHblH

Knem, qeKaH, KJieBep, 6a6oqKa-roJiy6.HHKa, JiacKa, MMKp06bI.

3. Cl 3naKvt He vtMelOT HpKvtX 1..4seTKOB, npvtsneKalO~VlX HaceKOMblX. KTo .>Ke nepeHocvtT nbl11bl..4Y 311aKos? .QoraAalilcfl vt AOm'1WV1 cppa3y.

3JiaKM OTihIJI.HIOTC.H C TIOMOillblO

Han111w111 OTBeTbl Ha sonpOCbl V1 COCTaBb paccKa3 0

311aKaX. KaKosa «npocpeccvtfl» 311aKos s 3KOcvtcTeMe? _ _ _ _ _ __ 0TKyAa 311aKl!1 POAOM? - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - KyAa vtcYe3atOT Ha 3vtMy TpasflHvtCTble pacTeHvtfl? _ _ _ __ noYeMy 311aKvt paCryT BMeCTe? - - - - - - - - - - - - KTo 11t06vtT nvtTaTbCfl 311aKaMvt? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ KaK 311aK111 npvtcnoco611111vtcb

cocy~ecTsosaTb

noeAatO~VIMvt

VlX .>KvtBOTHblMvt? - - - - -- - -- - - -- - - -- - -

•• I

5. (ig e .Qon011HV1 cppa3y.

EcJIM Jiyr B

6JiaronpH.HTHbIX ycJIOBH.HX MO)KeT cMeHHThC.H

JICCOM, 311aqHT, KpyrOBOpOT BemecTB Ha Jiyrax - - - - - - -

[

(3aMKHYTbllil Vl11VI He3aMKHYTbllil?).

§ 15. IlECHblE nPOlll3BOAVITEI1111 3Klt1.

m•

no,QnV1WV1 «3Ta>KV1)) 3KOCV1CT8Mbl f18Ca .

o ·

IAlllne~1.

rraK,

ilbIH

m•

2. HanV1WV1, K KaKV1M .QBYM rpynnaM OTHOCfHCH ,Q8p8Bbfl, JlVlCTbfl KOTOpblX V1306pa>K8Hbl Ha p111cyHK8. 3 0

11Mlt1

' bC~

KOHCKVllil K8WT8H

K8AP CVl6VlpCKVllil

COCH8

npose,QV1 onblT. Hane~ B ,QB8 6aHKV1 80,Qbl nopo s Hy. B O,QHY 1113 HV1X nocTaBb (488Tbl. nposepb Yepe 3 ,QB08 c yTOK, B KaKO~ 1113 6aHOK BO,Qbl CTallO M8HbW8. 06bHCHV1 p83YilbTaTbl OnblTa.

3. fig •

4. (j] •

noAn111Wll1 OCHOBHbl8 Y8CTll1 .QepesbeB.

5. (j] •

YYll1Cb OTJ1111Y8Tb .Qepesbfl OT KycTapH111Kos. 06se.Q111 c11111yaTb1 .Qepesbes.

c (34)

(5)

(26)

(77)

(68)

nposepb ce6R 8blnll1Wll1 Yll1CJ18, CTOflLl.41118 OKOJlO .QepeBb8B. .Qora.QalilCfl, YTO 06Ll.4ero B Hll1X 111 YeM OHll1 OTJlll1Y8KJTCfl OT

.Qpyr111x Y111ce11.

Bee 3TH q11cJia

Ec11111 0T11111Y111e s Y111c11ax Halil.QeHo, 3H8Yll1T, Tbl cnpaslt111cs:1.

li!il •

Tpasb1 pe.QKO npesb1waKJT no BblCOTe pocT YenoseKa. A BOT .QepeBbfl MoryT Bblp8CTlt1 OY8Hb BblCOKll1Mll1. no3TOMY 111 pOilb neca B nplt1p0.QHOM KpyrosopoTe B8Ll.48CTB OY8Hb 88Jllt1K8. .Qon111w111 cppa3bl 111 o6bf!CHll1, noYeMy nocne Bb1py6K111 neca Ha 3TOM MeCTe Hepe.QKO o6paayeTCfl 60JlOTO.

IIo CTBOJIY .nepeBa K KpOHe IIO.D.HHMaeTC51

1 2

KoTopyro 11crrap5IIOT Jiyq11 CoJI1-ui:a. EcJIH .nepeBb5I Bb1py611Th, 3Ta BO){a

§ 16. noTPE6111TEfllll Ill PA3PYWlllTEfllll 3KOClllCTEMbl flECA 1. [iJ •

>Keny.Q111 Ay6a .QOBOnbHO TH)f(8nbl, no3TOMY OHll1 He MoryT pa3n8T8TbCH no 88Tpy . .Qora.Qall1cH 111 Han111w111, KaK paccenHtOTCH AY6b1. HaXO~MT

OceHbIO ~M

qT06h1

3aKailbIBaeT

)KeJiy-

c~eJiaTb 3arrac Ha 3MMy.

MHorMe )KeJiy~M

ocTaIOTCH

M -------~

m•

.Qon111w111 cpp83bl, 111 Tbl nony'-1111Wb paCCK83 0 BOnKOB B 3KOCll1CT8M8 neca.

pon111

8,Ql-1 B coB

pe3yJibTaTe HeyMepeHHon Jioce:H:

cTaJio

M Bb1py6KM Jie-

ropa3~o

B3HJIMCb

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BOJIKOB.

3arrpeTMJIM OXOTY Ha

pe3yJihTaTe Jioce:H: cTaJio TaK

OHM

Bee

, qTo

MOJIO~hie rro6erM coceH.

MecTo

BOJIKOB CTa.JIM 3aHMMaTb OHM

orracaJIMCb Jioce:H:,

rro3TOMY

cTaJIM qacTo

Harra~aTb

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - · Pa3JI~MJIOCb Bee B 3KocMcTeMax JieCHOll 30Hbl. 0Ka3aJIOCb, qTO 6e3

188.

HeB03MO)KHa IlOJIHOUeHHa.H )KM3Hb Jieca.

Cnosa AflH BCT8BK111: yHMqTO)KMJIM, ~oMarnHMX )KMBOTHbIX, oxoThI, MCTpe6JieHMe, BOJIKOB, MHOro,

m.•

O~MqaBrnMe co6aKM, MeHbllie.

Pa3r8A8111 KpOCCBOp.Q 111 onpe.Qen111 38r8.Q8HH08 cnoso.

~Ka.

y lt1

IK8. H8

lTb,

1. 2.

.Q111KaH necHaH CBll1HbH

3. 4. 5. 6.

«CeHTenb» .Qy6a

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necHaH ((KOpOBa» YHll1'-ITO)f(ll1Tenb cTapblX .Qepesbes CaH111Tap cTsonos

~ 31

CJ •

KaKlt1X noTpe61t1TeneC1 MO>KHO BCTp8Tlf1Tb B necy? '-ieM OHi..1 n1t1Tat0TCfl? 3anlf1Wlf1 CBOi..1 OTB8Tbl B Ta6n1t11.w.

•

' )

---------------- - -.---------necHbl8 >KlllBOTHbl8 n111U48 >KlllBOTHblX

m•

BcnOMHi..1, YTO Tbl 3HB8Wb lf1HTepecHoro 0 >Klf1BOTHblX neca. Han1,1w1,1 KpaTKo 06 3TOM.

3 T

c e 32

§ 17. 3KOClllCTEMA no11s:1

~8M

Han1t1Wlt1, YTO np1t1XOA1t1TCH A8JlaTb Y8Jl088KY Ha nOJlflX 1t1 KaKOBa era ~8Jlb np1t1 3TOM.

1 l

2 . (i] • KaKOBbl rnasHble OTJ11t1Y1t1H 3Koc1t1cTeMb1 nonR OT np1t1pOAHblX 3K0Clt1CT8M? nocMOTp1t1 Ha p1t1cyHOK lt1 3aKOHYlt1 cppa3bl. noTpe6MT&nb

-iblX Bee «rrpo¢eccIIII~ B KpyroBopoTe Ha rro1u1x rrpIIxO,ZJJ1TC51 BhI-

IIOJIH51Th qeJIOBeKy. qeJIOBeK B pOJIII 3a6IIpaeT c rro11e:H ypo:>Ka:H KYJihTYPHhIX pacTeHIIM-rrpoII3BO.ZJJ1Te11e:H. qeJIOBeK B pOJIII

B03BpamaeT

MIIHepaJibHbie BemecTBa Ha IIOJI51 B BII,[(e y,[(o6peHIIM. qeJIOBeK 3aMeH51eT He,[(OCTaIOIUIIX

6op51Cb c

copH51KaMII II HerrporneHhIMII rroceTIITeJI51MII rro11e:H. Ho CTOIIT eMy rrepecTaTb yxa:>KIIBaTb 3a IIOJI51MII, II Ha HIIX BOCCTaHaBJIIIBaeTC51 rrpIIpO,[(HhIM KpyrOBOpOT BemeCTB.

3. Cl

Ha pL-1CYHKax noKa3aHbt >t<L-13Hb L-1 pa6oTa rno,Qelll s pa3H08 speM~ ro,Qa. YeM OHL-1 3aHL-1MatOTC~? npoHyMepytll pL-1CYHKL-1 B npas~nbHOM nop~,QKe.

4. H~~

Pa3,Qen~

c Ha ,QBe rpynnbl:

noMO~btO

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T8XH~Y8CK~e ~

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n~TaH~R

p1i1c

ropox

MOpKOBb

neH

1 3

5. Cl •

Han~w~. YeM 0Tn~Yat0Tc~ ~3o6pa):(eHHbte pacTeH~R

r r

KpynHblLll nOACOflH8'"1Hli1K

M8flKli1Li1 Ali1Kli1Li1 nOACOflH8'"1Hli1K

3 M8flK8R flli1CTOB8R KanycTa

Ali1YOK

KYflbTYPH8R R6flOHR

§ 18. AKBAPll1YM - MAflEHbKAs:I

lllCKYCCTBEHHAs:I SKOCll1CTEMA

oyVI

Han111w111, K8Kll18 H8>Kll1Bbl8 Y8CTll1 3KOCll1CT8Mbl 111 «npo¢ecc111111» >Kll1BblX opraHll13MOB Mbl H8XOA111M B 8KBap111yMe .

]

•

cre-

1R.

1 - --~~~~~~~~-~~-~ ' 2 _ ________ , 4 paqKH 3 pacTeHlUI

pbI6hI -

_ ________ , 7

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«npocpecc111~»

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3. (j) •

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'L '·-35

4. [i] •

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[

5. Onpe.Qenlll , B K8KlllX Lf8CTflX CBeTa H8XOAlllTCfl POAlllHa 8KBap111yMHblX pb16. noAnlllWlll H8388Hlllfl pb16.

.n:

JI•

X•

3 B

I co-

npoeepReM yMeHMe nOHMM8Tb TeKCT

~btO

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YeMy rnaeHblM o6paaoM nocsm1.\8H TeKcT? 8b16ep~ TOilbKO O,Q~H OTBeT ~ OTMeTb era [Y].

)

q TO

Pa3MepaM aKBapMyMa.

D D

TaKoe 3KOCMcTeMa.

06MTaTeJUIM aKBapMyMa. XoJio,nHoBo,nHhIM pb16aM.

8b16ep~ ~3 ,QaHHblX H~>Ke npeAfJO>KeH~~ TO, B KOTOpOM pacCKa3bl888TCff, KaKyta ponb ~rpatOT COM~K~ B aKsap~yMe . 0TMeTb era [Y].

~Ha

Y"iMMCR noHMMaTb TeKcT M HaXOAMTb cpaKTbl.

BoT OHM ( coMMKM) M rrpMcrroco6MJIMCh 3arJiaTh1BaTh B03-

.nyx, KaK )l(MTeJIM cyIIIM.

CoMMKM -

HaCTOHIUMe

~MycopmMKM~: OHM rrJiaBaIOT OKO-

JIO J(Ha M oqMmaroT aKBapMyM OT OCTaTKOB IIMIUM.

0Ka3hIBaeTcH, coMMKM, KaK M MhI c To6oli, J(hIIIIaT B03.n;y-

xoM aTMoc¢epb1.

Ha cBoeli po,nMHe coMMKM )l(MBYT B He6oJihIIIMX, HerJiy6o-

KHX M MYTHhIX BO,n;OeMax c HM3KMM co.n:ep)l(aHMeM KMCJIOpo.n;a.

KaK~e aKsap~yMHble pb16b1 .QblWaT aTMoccpepHblM so3,qyxoM? 8b16ep~ TOilbKO O,Q~H OTB8T ~ OTM8Tb era ~ .

D D D

D 4.

3oJIOThie ph16KM. fyrrrrM. CoMMKM. MeqeHOC:UhI.

Han~w~. KaK~x >K~BOTHblX co,qep>KaT s aKsap~yMax.

Han111w111,

pb16Ky. -

6. 0

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CTpaHe

1113

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3on0Tyt0

------

K8Kll1X 1113 111306pa>KeHHblX Ha p111cyHK8 pb16 rosop111TC~ B

T8KCT8? 06B8A111 111X.

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noYeMy 30nOTblX pb160K COA8p>K8T B 6onee XOnOAHOi.:1 BOA8? 8b16ep111 TOnbKO OA111H OTB8T 111 OTM8Tb era [YJ.

IloToMy l.JTO Ha pOJJ.MHe OHM )l(MBYT B tte6oJibIIIMX tterny-

6oKMX M MYTHbIX BOJJ.OeMax.

D D D 38

IloToMy l.JTO OHM poJJ.OM M3 TporrMKOB. IloToMy l.JTO OHM JJ.hIIIIaT B03JJ.yxoM aTMoccpepb1. IloToMy l.JTO OHM po.n.oM M3 JMepeHHoro KJIMMaTa.

I naYeMy 8 8KB8PVIYM8X nacefl~tOT YilVITaK-K8TYWeK? 8b16epV1 TaflbKa aAVIH aTBeT VI aTMeTb era [Y].

D D

:fl B

D D

0HH OHM Ott11 OHM

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naYeMy 8 3TaM TeKCTe Vl3 scex a6VIT8Tefleli1 3KaCVICTeMbl 8KB8pV1yMa anVICbl88tOTC~ B acHaBHaM pbl6b1?

10.

HanVIWVI, naYeMy 3anaTblX pb16aK He caAep>KaT BMecTe c rynnVI VI MeYeHaCt..t8MVI. 8b16epV1 TaflbKa aAVIH aTBeT VI aTMeTb era [Y].

D D

D D 11.

OHM npe.n:noq11TaIOT 6oJJee xoJIO.ZJ:HYIO Bo.n:y. OHM po.n:oM 113 Tpon11qecK11x cTpaH. On11 .ZJ:bIIIIaT aTMocct>epHbIM B03.n:yxoM. Ha po.n:11He 0H11 )KHBYT B MYTHhix Bo.n:oeMax. HanVIWVI, naYeMy paKaB VI Yepenax He COAep>KaT BMeCTe c

pb168MVI.

HanVIWVI, noYeMy He see pacTeHVI~ s BVlflbHO H83bl88Tb BOAOpOCfl~MVI.

12.

aKsapV1yMax npa-

YLf~MCR noH~MaTb rnaeHyt0 MblCllb TeKcTa.

13. 0

YeM rn8BHblM o6p830M XOT8Jl CK838Tb 8BTOp? 8b16ep111 TOJlbKO OA111H OTB8T 111 OTM8Tb era ~路

n I

[i) 1

Ka)K.l(hIH qe110BeK .l(OJI)Ken 3HaTh 06 o6MTaTeJIHX aKBapHyMa. He Bee o6MTaTeJIM aKBapHyMa MOryT )KMTh BMeeTe.

.n)

He Bee BO.l(Hhie pacTeHMH Bo,nopoe11M. qT06h1 saBeCTM aKBapifYM, tty)KHO 3HaTh o ero o6MTaTeAAx.

D D D

14.

Ec11111 6bl B T8KCT8 6b1Jl e~e OAVIH 86381.4, 0 YeM 6bl B HeM

p8CCK83bl88Jl0Cb?

2. Ye

p< Te 4.

B) 6.

15. K8KO~ 1113 38rOJlOBKOB H81116onee nOAXOA111T KO BC8MY T8KCry? 8b16ep111 TOJlbKO OAll1H OTB8T 111 OTM8Tb era ~.

D D D D

KTo ttaee115IeT aKBapHyM? KaK yxa)KMBaTh 3a aKBapHyMoM? q To paeTeT B aKBapHyMe? KaKMX pb16 Bb16paTb ,n1151 aKBapHyMa?

16.

K8Koe npeAJ1o>KeH111e nyywe scero noMor8eT noHSHb ocHoeHYtO MblCllb T8KCT8? 8b16ep111 TOJlbKO OA111H OTB8T 111 OTM8Tb ero IY].

KpoMe pb16, B aKBapHyM Mnor.na rroce11H10T .npyrMx )KlfBOTHh1x: MOJIJIIOeKOB, paKOB, qeperrax.

Ee11M Thi Bcepbe3 saxoqellJb c.ne11aTh CBOIO MaJienhKYIO MCKyeCTBeHHYIO 3KOCMeTeMy, TO HaH.l(11 KHMry 06 aKBapHyMax If BHMMaTCJibHO rrpoq11TaH ee.

D D

I13Juo611enttb1e 0611TaTe1111 aKBapHyMoB pb16b1. He Bee pb16b1, KOTOpbIX .nep)KaT B aKBap11yMe, po,noM 113 Tp0I111KOB.

17.

9. BE yr

1C 1 V1C

1: 6c

YTO Te6e nOK838Jl0Cb C8MblM 111HT8p8CHblM B 3TOM T8KCT8?

noYeMy T868 3TO 111HT8p8CHO?

nPOBEPb CE6s:I!

epvi

(i] •

noAYepKHM npaBMllbHble OTBeTbl:

1. npviMepbl Ten:

a) CTOJI; 6) KaMenb; B) ,npeBeCHHa; r) 3a.5IU;

.n) ropa; e) caxap.

2. B KaKOM COCTOHHVIVI

ISIX.

-i8M

se~eCTBa

paCCTOHHVle Me)f(AY era

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5. B KaKoVI o6onoLJKe 3eMnvi )f(VIBeT 6onbWVIHCTBo )f(VIBblX opraHVl3MOB:

a) B KaMeHHOM; B) B BO.ZJ:HOM; r) B B03.ZJ:YIIIHOH.

rpaHHUe

o6oJioqeK;

6. YTo TaKoe KpyrosopoT se~ecTs: a) npenpamettwe BemecTB; KC-

6) npenpameHHe BO.ZJ:bI; B) .ZJ:BH)l(eIIHC BCIUCCTB.

7. Ha30BVI rpynny )f(VIBblX opraHVl3MOB, K KOTOpoVI OTHOCVITCH LJenoseK: a) pa3pymHTeJIH; 6) I10Tpe6HTCJIH; B) npOH3BO.ZJ:HTeJIH. 8. 8b16ep111 COLJeTaH111e, npvi KOTOpOM He 6yAeT npOVICXOAVITb KpyrosopoT se~ecTs: a) .ny6 - ryceuwua - rrTwu;a - MHKpo6b1; 6) JIOCb - BOJIK - )l(yK-MepTBOe11. - MHKp06br; B) Tpasa cyCJIHK - opeJI - )l(yK-MepTBOe,n - MHKp06bI.

OB-

KR-

9. YTo

norno~aeT opraHlt13M )f(ltlBOTHoro s npo~ecce o6MeHa

se~eCTB: a) yrJieKHCJibIH ra3, BO/l.Y H rrHmy; 6) KHCJIOpo.n, yrJICK.HCJiblH ra3 H nMmy; B) KMCJIOpo.n:, no.n:y JI[ IIHI.Uy. HanMwM:

:yro

10. 1/13 K8Klt1X H8)f(VIBblX LJ8CT8VI COCTOltlT 3KOCVICT8M8?

ttax

11. 6yAeT Jllll ltlATVI KpyrosopoT H3

se~eCTB B 3KOClt1CTeMe, ec11111

vicLJe3HeT noLJsa? 12. noLJeMy 03epo CO BpeMeHeM MO)f(eT npespaTVITbCH B 6onoTo, 60110To s nyr, a nyr s nee? _ _ __ _ _ __

re?

13. noLJeMy LJenoseKy npvixoAVITCH yxa)f(1t1BaTb 3a nonHMVI?

§ 19. PACTEHlllSl- nPOLll3BO.QLllTEJllll 1.

m•

HanV1WV1 OCHOBHbl8 V1306pa>KeHHbl8 Ha pV1CYHK8.

opr8Hbl

L.4B8TKOBOrO

p8CT8HV1fl,

2. 3. 4. 5.

KaKoVI opraH Bb1nonHfleT ocHOBHyta pa6oTy p8CT8HV1fl? ~~~~~~~~~~~~ KaKOVl opraH pa6oTaeT KaK nVltj:n?

2 H

2. [iJ

Ha KaKoVI V13 3TV1X L.4B8TKOB co6V1paeTcfl cecTb Ka>KAOe HaC8KOMOe? noK8>KV1 CTp8I1KOVl V1X noneT.

3 p

6p8.>KHll1K

B•

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4 0-

,_______ 42

___..I .__I--~ '----~

I npoeepReM yMeHMe nOHMM8Tb TeKCT

[j] • npoYVIT8Li1 T8KCT nOA py6pvtKOLi1 «.QononHVIT8nbHblLi1 MaTep111an» Ha crp. 83 yye6H1t1Ka. Bb1nonH111 38A8Hlt1R

Y"tMMCR noHMMaTb TeKcT M HaXOAMTb ct>aKTbl .

1. 0

YeM rnaBHblM o6pa30M paCCK83bl888TCs:I 8b16ep111 TOnbKO OAVIH OTB8T 1,.1 OTM8Tb ero [2].

D D D D

5ory

TeKcre?

0 MHoroo6pa3MM pacTeHMH. 0 Bo.n;opoc;rn:x. 0 Mxax M rrarropoTHMKax . 0 pa3MHO)KeHMM c rroMOll.lbIO cnop.

Bn111w111 s npeAno>KeH111e nponyU4eHHOe cnoso.

Bee cnopoBhie pacTeHM.H rrpe.n;noqMTaIOT ceJIMTbC.H BO BJia)KHhIX MeCTax, r.n;e OHM MOryT - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

):\08

8b16ep111 1113 A8HHblX Hlt1>K8 npeAnO>K8Hlt1Li1 TO, B KOTOpOM paccKa3b1saeTcs:1 o pa3MHO:>t<eHvtlt1 pacTeH111Li1. 0TM8Tb ero

M·

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BO,ZJ;bl.

D D

0KeaHhI, MOp.H M .n;pyrMe Bo.n;oeMbI naceJI.HIOT Bo.n;opocJIM. B crropax rrotJTM HeT 3arraca rrHTaTCJihHhIX BemecTB, rro3TOMY OHM ne60JibIIIMe M JierKMC. Y"tMMCR noHMM8Tb TeKcT, cpaeHMB8Tb MHcl>opMa~MIO M AenaTb BblBOAbl.

noYeMy cnopbl nerKlt18 VI H860nbW1t1e? 8b16ep1,.1 TOnbKO OAVIH OTB8T 1,.1 OTM8Tb era [Y].

IloTOMY lJTO crropbI 06pa3y10Tc.H y o.n;HoKJieTOlJHhIX Bo.n;opocJieH. IloToMy lJTO OHM o6paayroTC.H BO BJia)f(HbIX MecTax.

D D D

IloToMy lJTO B crropax HeT 3arraca rr11TaTeJihHhIX BemecTB. IloToMy lJTO crrophI ,ZJ;OJI)KHbI rroMeCTHTbCH Ha JIMCTe.

5. 06bf1CHll1, naYeMy He see Ba.QHble pacTeH111f1 - sa.qapac11111.

ยง 1

6. naYeMy Ba.qapaCJ1111 He 111MelOT Hll1 Jlll1CTbeB, Hll1 KapHe~? 8b16ep111 TaJlbKa a.Qll1H aTBeT 111 aTMeTb era

D D D D 8.

CTe611e~. H111

[Y].

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IlOTOMy qTQ BO,UOpOCJIH -

I-

oqeHb ,n:peBHHe opraHH3MbI.

IloTaMy qTQ BO,UOpOCJIH O,UHOKJieToqHbie.

IloTOMY qTo Bee TeJIO BO,UOpOCJIH OKpy)KeHO BO,UOH.

Y"i1.1Mcff noH1.1MaTb r11aeHyt0 MblCllb TeKcTa.

7 . 0 YeM rnaBHblM o6pa30M xaTeJl CK838Tb 8BTap? Bb16ep111 TaJlbKa a.Q111H aTBeT 111 aTMeTb era [YJ.

0 0 D 0 0 0

MecTe o6HTanHJI pacTeHHH.

pa3MHO)KeIIHH pacTeHHH.

pa3Hoo6pa3HH crropoBhIX pacTeHHH. cTpoeHHH pacTeHHH.

8. Ec11111 6bl B TeKCTe 6b1Jl

OT e~e a.Qll1H a63a14, a YeM 6bl B HeM

paCCK83bl88JlaCb? ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

D 9.

KaKa~

1113 3ara11asKas Ha1116a11ee na.qxa.q111T 8b16ep111 TaJlbKa a.Qlt1H aTBeT (11 aTMeTb era [YJ.

0 MxH H nanopOTHHKH. D UseTeT JIH nanopoTHHK? 0 0 pacTeHHJIX 6e3 ceMJIH. 0 Bo,n:opocJIH - BOJJ:Hhie pacTeHIUI. 44

K TeKcTy?

I § 20. >KlllBOTHblE MAilEHbKlllE lll 601lbWlllE

CJ •

8b16ep111

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paCT8H111111

111

>Kll1BOTHblX.

n111wHee

38'-18pKHll1. PacTeH~u1

HV1

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KaK npas111no, noAB1t1>KHbl

KaK npas111no, noAB1t1>KHbt

Cnoco6Hbl K tj:JoToc1t1HTe3y

nossn A06btYy

nossn A06blYY

Hy>KAatOTCH s cseTe

Hy>KA8tOTCH B CB8T8

nepesap1t1B8t0T n"1ll..IY

2. liJ e

1..L]

noKS>K111 CTp8llKOtl1, Ky,Qa HanpaBll1TCfl aMe6a.

aMe6a

epltl

xnopenna

CJ •

Onpe.Qe11111, KaK111e 1113 111306pa>1<eHHb1x >1<111soTHb1x OTHOCf!TCfl K Kll1W8YHOnOJlOCTHblM, YepBflM 111 MOJlJlK)CKaM.

-l8M

ry?

Iii •

CocTaBb nnaH TeKcTa 1113 yYe6H111Ka.

ZJ 45

§ 21. MAflEHbKlllE PblUAPlll

IBI

" ,

Ha~A111 111 Bbtnll1Wll1 T8X H8C8KOMblX, KOTOpb18 >Kll1BYT

1. [j]

P~AOM c YenoseKoM. ~To 111x np111sneKaeT?

2. CJ •

Hap~cylil

lKyKa, nayKa

(

Kpa6a.

r r

,-;

3. r:J •

nonpo6y~ onp8A8nll1Tb Y8CTll1, 38M8H~t0Litll18 «CKeneT» y

pa3HblX np8AM8TOB.

noAyMa~. Hapy>KHbl~

3TO

«CKeneT»

111n111

BHyrpeHHll1~.

npeAMeT

«CKen en>

T... n «CKeneTa»

Tenes1t13op PyYK8 M~rK1t1i.il

A11'1B8H

EpW11'1K l.

TopT s Kopo6Ke

(

4. [l!J • ~TO cnyYll1TC~

BOAOMepKo~. 6yAb

OHa pa3M8pOM c yrKy?

I Knon- BOAOMepKa I 48

[

1BYT

§ 22. nEPBbU/J WAr 1113 MOPs:I HA CYWY 1. Ii) •

8b168p111 np8111MYLJ.48CTBa Hapy>KHoro 111 CK8fl8Ta. flll1WH88 3aY8pKHll1. Hapy>KHbl~

BHYTpeHH~~

cKeneT

BHYTP8HH8ro

cKeneT

38U.t111U.t8eT OT Xlllll.tHlllKOB

He MewaeT pocry

.QaeT onopy Mb1w4aM

JleroK

He MewaeT ABl11>KeH111t0

He MewaeT AB"1>KeH111t0

YMeHbwaeT n0Tep111 snar111

YMeHbwaeT n0Tep111 snarn

rn • Y

KaK MO>KHO 0Tfl(..1l.f 111Tb pb16 OT Apyr111x )f(ll180THblX?

pb16 eCTb

3. c:J •

3ap111cylll pb16y 1113 aKsap111yMa, HaXOAs:iLJ.48rocs:i B KnaCC8 111flll1 AOMa. noAnll1Wll1 Ha p111cyHK8 pOT, Cnll1HHOlll, XBOCTOBOlll, rpyAHOlll 111 6pt0wHolll nnasH111K111, l.f8Wyt0. Ecn111 noAn111W8Wb npaBt.1flbHO, TO 8LJ.48 OA111H nnaBHll1K A0fl)f(8H OCTaTbCs:i 683 n0An111c111. OH Ha3b1Ba8rcs:i aHanbHblM.

r» y

V1m1

4. [i) •

n0Ant.1w111, KaKas:i 1113 3r111x pb16 KopM111rcs:i CTll1, Ha AH8 111 B TOflLJ.48 BOAbl.

nos8pxHo-

KaKo~ opraH yyscTs He3aMeHV1M s MYTHO~ BOAe?

§ 1

Hlt1>Ke nepeYV1cneHbl nosepbs:i lt1 MH8Hlt1s:i I1K)A8~. 0TM8Tb Te, KOTOpblM Tbl AOBeps:iewb.

6. [i] •

• EcJIM noca.n:MTb JIHryrnKy B 611.n:oH c MOJIOKOM, OHO .l(OJibrne He npOKMCIIeT. • EcJIM noTporaTh )Ka6y, tta pyKax MoryT noHBl1ThC5I 6opo.n:aBKM. • CaJiaMan.n:pa (3eMHOBo.n:noe) TaKaH xoJIO.l(Ha5r, 'iTO OT ee rrpHKOCHOBeHH5I racHeT orOHb. • )l(a6a -

(1-

ITOMOI.UHMUa BC.l(bM l1 KOJI.l(YHOB.

• B IO)l(HOM AMepMKe )KMBCT JIHfYIIIKa Jia3. Ee 51.l( - caMbIH cMJibHb1M: Ha 3eMJie.

)I(

yrnacThIH JIMCTO-

• Bo <Dpattu1111 JIIO.l(M e.l(5IT ;rn:rymeK.

7. [i] • KTo lt13 3Tlt1X 38MHOBOAHblX s=1AOBV1T? KTo MO>KeT non38Tb no cTeKny? Hanviwvi, KaK Tbl 06 3TOM AOraAancs:i. CanaMaHApa - --

---------

3 A

4. KsaKwa

8. [i!i]

CoCT8BbT8 AB8 KOM8HAbl. nepsas:i KOM8HA8 6yA8T np8ACT88Ils:!Tb 38MHOBOAHblX, a BTOpas:i pb16. KOM8HAbl no OY8P8AV1 BblCK83bl88K)T no OAHO~ cpp838 0 TOM, KTO nyywe npvicnoco6neH K ycnOBlt1s:IM o6lt1T8HV1R 8bllt1rpb1888T KOM8HA8. BblCK838BW8s:!Cs:I nOCI18AH8~. nplt1M8p:

- YBa)KaeMbre .n:py3b5I! Ph16a JIY'iIIIe rrp11crroco6JicHa K )KH3HH B BO.l(e, TaK KaK ... - Ilo3BOJIIO c BaMM He corJiaCHTbC5I. JI51ryIIIKa Jiyqrne npMcrroco6JieHa K )KM3HH B Bo.n:e 11 na cyrne, TaK KaK ...

tO 01

5 cs XL-

§ 23. HA CYWE - KAK .QOMA

1. (i) • 3anonH111 Ta6n11114y 111 06bs:icH111, YeM penT111n111111 0Tn111Ya-

18Tb

tOTCs:I OT 3eMHOBO.QHblX 111 noYeMy OHll1 nyYwe np111cnoco6neHbl K >t<ll13Hll1 Ha cywe. np1113H8Klll

)Jib-

npeCMblK8IO~llleCR

3eMHOBO,[\Hble

Ko)f(a Ko)f(Hoe Ab1xaH111e n~ro~Hoe Ab~aH111e

TeMnepa-rypa Tena

rAe

pa3MHo)f(at0Tcs:i (Ha cywe 111n111 s BOAe) I

:ro-

2. Cl • 06bs:!CHll1 nose.QeH111e s:i~ep11114b1 Ha p111CYHKe.

on-

3. (i)

KTo Ha xono.Qe 6onbwe cbe.QaeT 3a .QeHb: MblWb 111n111 s:i~ep11114a TaKoro >Ke pa3Mepa? nos:icH111 csmlt oTseT.

4. Cl

Yero 6onbwe scero He xsaTaeT 3apo.Qb1wy npecMb1Kat0~erocs:i s s:iV114e? LfTo OH .QOn>t<eH nonyYaTb 1113BHe? Bb16ep111 OTB8T. BOAY

qer

no we A8,

I I K111cnopOA I IYrneK1t1Cnb1lll ra3 I In111TaTenbHbl8 se~eCTBa I

5. (i) • LfTo Morna 6b1 06ecneY111Tb .QeTeHblWaM, Bb1nyn111sw111Mcs:i 1113 s:iV114a, xopowee n111TaH111e, 3a~111Ty OT Henoro.Qbl 111 OT Xll1~Hll1KOB? Bb16ep111 OTBeT.

I6b1cTpb1e Horn I I3a6oTa poA1t1Tenelll I IToncTas:i KO)f(a 6.

Cl •

OcTpb1e 3y6b1

Lf eM n111Tat0TCs:I 3Tll1 >Kll1BOTHble?

Yepenax111

3Melt1

)If-

ยง 24. nEPHATblE 111306PETATEJllll

1. Ii] XBOCTa,

0TM8Tb l4111cppaMll1 nepbs:l: 1 - 1113 rpy,Q111, 4 - c 6pt0xa.

D nyxosoe

1113 Kpbina,

1113

D pynesoe

2 -

_.,,

noKpOBHOe

nol..feMy nepeneTHbl8 nTll1L4bl yneT8tOT B T8nflbl8 Kpas:l?

lJ ZJ

mโ ข

YTO H83bl88tOT flll1HbKOlil y nTll1L4? - - - - - - - - -

li!J

0603H81..fb L4111cpp8Mll1 ,Q81i1CTBll1fl, KOT0pb18 MOryT BblnOfl-

HflTb 3Tll1 KntOBbl:

1 -

,QOfl6111Tb,

2 -

3 -

fl08111Tb HOl..fHblX 6a60l..f8K,

l..f8CTll1,

7 -

pa3rpb138Tb 8111WH8Bbl8 KOCTOl..f Kll1,

9 -

111CK8Tb Yepselil B CblpOlil nOYBe.

nll1Tb

4 -

fl08111Tb M8flKll1X paYKOB,

pa3pb188Tb KpynHyto ,Q06blYY

H8KTap,

HOCll1Tb

8 -

pb16y,

fl08111Tb nflryweK,

l. K

5. [i)

6eKac

nepe,Q T060lil neTYX (C8M8l4) 111 KyPll1l48 (C8MK8). nonpo6ylil 06bf1CHll1Tb, noYeMY 0H111 oKpaweHbl no- pa3HoMy.

§ 25. HAWVI 6PATbs:I 1113

• y e

qeJIOBeKa ITOCT051HHa51 H BbICOKa51 Te Mrreparypa TeJia.

•

BoJIOCbI qeJIOBeKa -

•

qCJIOBeK yMeeT fOBOpHTb H qJ1TaTb.

•

fpy,n:HOH pe6eHOK BhIKapMJIHBaCTC51 MOJIOKOM.

• JI10.n11,

KaK H MJieKOilHTaIOIIJ;HC, pOJK,ll,aIOT ,ll,CTeHbIIlleH.

qeJIOBeK COCT011T H3 MHOfHX KJICTOK.

•

TeJio qeJioBeKa He rroKpbITO cnJiomnow rnepcTbIO.

~OB,

KaKlt1e opraHbt yyscTs pa3Blt1Tbl y YenoseKa?

OpraH 3peH1.1s:i

3TO pa.3HOBHJJ:HOCTb rnepcTH.

•

on-

OpraH cnyxa

OpraH o6oHRH"'1R

OpraH sKyca

OpraH ocs:i38H"'1R

Onp8A8Jllt1, K8Klt1Mlt1 3y68Mlt1 YA06Hee rpb13Tb H6J10KO lt1Jllt1 MOpKOBKy, pa3pb188Tb KYCOK )f(lt1Jllt1CTOro MHC8 lt1 nepe>KeBbl88Tb nlt1~y.

::itl.fy

HaaeaHlf1e

16y,

18K,

1. 0TM8Tb nplt13H8Klt1, KOT0pb18 nOATB8P>KA8IOT nplt1H8AJ18>KHOCTb Y8J10B8K8 K MJ18KOnlt1T8IO~lt1M .

----, I

AnR "iero cny>KaT

lfJ/r

Pe3Ltbl l<nblKl.1 >KesaTenbHble 3y6b1

4. [i)

iUlH

KTo lt13 Hlt1X snaAaeT s cnHYKy? 06seAlt1 lt1X. Hanlt1Wlt1, KOrAa lt1 noYeMy 0Hlt1 Bn8A8IOT B cnHYKy.

6ypbllll M8AB8Ab n1.1ca

Ky~e-

01111

nrra.n.a10T B cn5JqKy _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ , IlOTOMy qTO

m•

Onpe,Qefll-1, Y8M nl-1T8IOTCs=l l-1306pa)f(eHHbl8 )f(l-180THbl8.

Ps=i.QOM c Xl-1~Hl-1KOM nocTaBb 6yKsy «X». c pacTl-1T8flbHOs=J.QHblM «P», H8C8KOMOs=!,QHblM - «H», BC8s=!,QHblM - «8».

M8AB8Ab

KpOT

osue6b1K

6apaH

BOJlK

K868H

6. (i!LI • C •

K8Kl-1Ml-1 YTB8p)f(.Q8Hl-1s=JMl-1 Tbl cornaceH?

lllepCTJIHOe O)lC51JIO IIC .uaeT narpeTbCJI KaCTpIOJie

XOJIO,l(-

HOII nnmeii. • llicpCT51JIOe o.neJIJIO OXJiaJK,l(aeT KaCTpIOJIIO c ropJilleH ITH-

me.H. •

lllepcT.HJIOe O,l(eJIJIO corpeBaCT KaCTpIOJIIO c XOJIO,l(IIOH IUI-

mcii. •

IllepcTJIIIOe O/lCJIJIO IIC JlaeT OCTbITb KaCTpIOJie c ropJiqej;f

IIMIHCH.

" [ r

I lbl8.

11 -

ยง 26. OCTOPO>KHO - >KlllBOTHblE! npo~A~ na6~p~HT no Ha~6onee 6e3onacH0My nyT~ nOMOr~ neHe c M~we~ A06paTbCs:l AO CT8HL!~~.

OtJ,-

nn-

nw-

npoeepHeM yMeH~e nOHMM8Tb TeKCT

eapt.18HT: npoYll1Talil TeKCT «.Qll1Kll1e )f(ll180THble» Ha CTp. 116-117 yye6Hll1Ka. 8blnOflHll1 3aAaHll1R

Y'"IMMCH noHMMaTb TeKcT '1 HSXOAMTb cf:>aKTbl.

1. 0

YeM rnaBHblM o6pa30M paccKa3blBaeTCfl 8b16epll1 TOflbKO OAll1H OTBeT ll1 OTMeTb era ~·

D D

e B

TeKCTe?

TOM, KaK aecTM ce651 c .ll.MKMMM )l(MBOTHhIMM.

.ll.MKMX )l(MBOTHhIX Hameii MCCTHOCTM.

51.UOBMTbIX )l(MBOTHbIX.

IlTMn:ax, 3Bep51x M uaceKOMbIX Hame:H MeCTHOCTM.

8b16epl11 l/13 AaHHblX Hll1>t<e npeAf10>t<eHll1lil TO, B KOTOpOM paccKa3blBaeTCfl 0 npll1Yll1Hax HanaAeHll1fl 3Melil Ha YenoseKa. 0TMeTb era ~·

[

-..

Oco6eHHO onacHhI MoryT 6bITb 51.ll.OBHTbie )l(MBOTHbie, M rrpe)l(.n.e Bcero 3Me11.

PyKy MJIM Hory, KOTopy10 yKycMJia 3Me51, Ha.n.o .n.ep)l(aTb

HeIIO,lJ.BM)l(HO.

Hap51.ll.Y co 3Me51MM onacaTbC51 cJie.n.yeT neKOTOpbIX rray-

KOB M HaCeKOMblX.

3Me51 MO)l(CT yKycMTh JIMllih B TOM cJiy"lae, ecJIM Ha Hee

narra.n.aIOT MJIM CJiyl.J:aHHO uacTyIIMJIH.

Bnll1Wll1 s npeAflO>KeHll1e nponyll.4eHHOe cnoso. 06pamaTbC51

,lJ.MKMMM

)l(MBOTHblMM

HY)l(HO

H11Kor.n.a He cJie.n.ycT

OCTOpO)l(HO. K HMM.

Hanll1Wll1, KaKolil 6one3HbKJ Mo>t<eT 3apa3ll1Tb YenoseKa rony6b.

Y'"IMMCH noHMMSTb TeKcT, cpaeH~eaTb MHcf:>opMSL\Mto ,,., AenaTb BblBOAbl.

noYeMy He CfleAyeT npll1KaCaTbCfl K All1Kll1M 8b16epll1 TOflbKO OAll1H oTseT ll1 OTM8Tb era

M·

D 54

>Kll1BOTHblM?

IIoToMy "ITO OHM MoryT norM6nyTh OT pyK "leJIOBeKa.

I D D D

8Tp.

IloTOMY qTo OHM MOfYT ttcrryraTbC51. IloToMy qTo OHM MoryT yKycMTb HJIH 3apa3HTb qeJioBeKa. IloTOMY qTo qeJIOBCK BCTpeqaeTc51 TOJibKO c .noMarnHHMH

)l(MBOTHbIMH.

Lfro Ha.Qo c,QenaTb, ecn~ LtenoseKa yKyc~na H.QOB~TaH 3MeH? 8b16ep~ TOnbKO O.Q~H OTBeT ~ OTM8Tb era

6. re?

D D D D

Jieqb B rrocTeJib, npHIUI.Tb TerrJioe rrMTbe M BbI3BaTb Bpaqa. BhlcocaTb KpoBb H3 pa11K11. IlpHJIO)l(HTh xoJio,n K pane 11 Bbl3BaTb Bpaqa. BecTM aKTHBHbIH 06pa3 )l(H3HH, qT06h1 51.U 6h1cTpee BbI-

rneJI H3 opraHH3Ma.

)QM

Han~w~. noLteMy onacHbl H.QOB~Tble .>t<~BOTHble.

0688,Q~ H,QOB~TYIO 3M8to.

?K8.

:, H

arh ay-

Hee

HO.

Y"llllMCH noH111MaTb rnaeHyta MblCnb TeKcTa.

9. 0 YeM rnaBHblM o6pa30M XOTen CK838Tb 8BTOp? 8b16ep~ TOnbKO OA~H OTBeT ~ OTMeTb era !Y].

06 ocTopO)KHOM o6pameHHH c .UHKHMH )KHBOTIIbIMH.

06 orracHOCTH MOBHThrx 3MeI1.

D D 1 a.

TOM, lfTO ,n:HKHe )KHBOTHhie rrepeHOC51T 6oJIC3Hh.

6epe)KIIOM o6pameHHH c )KHBOTHhIMH.

1 B

Ecn~ 6bl 8 TeKCTe 6bln e~e OA~H a638Lt, 0 YeM 6bl 8 HeM

paCCK83blB8nOCb? ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-

2 0

0 KaKO~ ~3 3aronOBKOB Ha~6onee nOAXOA~T KO BCeMy TeKCry? 8b16ep~ TOnbKO OA~H OTBeT ~ OTMeTb era

11.

D D D

IYJ.

Crracen11e OT 51.zI:OBHThIX 3MeI1.

KTo qeM 6oJieeT.

06mettHe c 0611TaTeJI5IMH rrp11po,n:hI. Mo)KHO JIM YBH,n:eTh .UHKoe )KHBOTHoe.

12. KaKoe npeAnO>KeH~e nyYwe scero noMoraeT noHs=iTb ocHoeHYtO MblCnb TeKCTa? 8b16ep~ TOnbKO OA~H OTBeT ~ OTMeTb era [YJ.

D D

)1(11BOTHhie B npHpo.n:e 6opIOTC51 sa cBoro )K113IIh.

06pamaThC51 c ,n:HKHMH )KHBOTHhIMH tty)KHO ocTopo)KHO. Oco6ettuo onacHbI MoryT 6hITb 51.UOBHTbie )KHBOTHbie, H

npe)K,n:e Bcero 3MeH.

D 13.

MHO)KeCTBO ,n:HKHX )KHBOTHhIX OKpy)KaJOT nae B MHpe.

YTO Te6e noKa3anocb C8MblM ~HTepeCHblM 8 3TOM TeKCTe?

noYeMy Te6e 3TO ~HTepeCHO?

K•

a·

I [i]

ep111

cTp.

II eap111aHT: npoYlllT8ll1 TeKCT 118-119 yYe6H111Ka . 8b1no11H111

芦.QOM8WHllle >KlllBOTHble禄 Ha 38.QSHlllR

Y"l111Mcs:1 noH111MaTb TeKcT 111 HaXOAlllTb cpaKTbl.

1. 0

YeM rnaBHblM o6pa30M pacCK83blBaeTCfl 8b16ep111 TOJlbKO O,QlllH OTBeT Ill OTMeTb era ~ 路

D D D D

;eM

0 0 0 0

TeKCTe?

TOM, KaK BeCTH ce65:1: c ,n:oMallIHHMH )l(HBOTHbIMH. ,n:oMallIHHX )l(HBOTHbIX Hallle:H: MeCTHOCTH. co6aKax. paattoo6pa3HH ,n:oMallIHHX )l(HBOTHbIX.

8b16ep111 1113 ,Q8HHblX Hlll>Ke npe,QJlO>KeHlllll1 TO, B KOTOpOM onlllCblBaeTCfl npaBlllJlO nose,QeHlllfl c He3H8KOMOll1 co6aKoll1. 0TMeTb era KC-

~路

Co6aKa -

,n:oMalllttee )l(HBOTHOe, c KOTOpbIM MbI o6maeM-

C5:1: B )l(H3HH qame Bcero.

EcJIH Bce-TaKH co6aKa Te65:1: yKycHJia, To rrpoMo:H: patty

BO.l(OM HJIH rrepeKHCbIO BO,n:opo,n:a, CMa)l(b no Kpa5:1:M 3eJieHKOM H 3aKJieM patty IIJiaCTbipeM.

HHKor.n:a He cJie,n:yeT IIbITaTbC5:1: rrorJia,n:HTb He3HaKOMyro

co6aKy, ,l(a)l(e eCJIH OHa .n:py)l(eCKH BHJI5:1:eT XBOCTOM.

OB-

[YJ.

HHOMY c He3HaKOMbIM qeJioBeKoM.

re?

Ho Ta )Ke co6aKa MO)l(eT BeCTH ce65:1: coBepllleHHO rro-

Bn111w111 s npe.QJlo>KeH111e nponyL14eHHOe cnoso. Jlollla.l(b,

KopoBa,

CBHHb5:1:,

rreTyx

ttarra.n:aroT Ha qe110BeKa,

YTKa,

KaK

rrpaBHJIO,

KaK 3To MoryT c,n:eJiaTb

.l(HKHe )l(fIBOTHbie.

Han111w111, K8K CJle,QyeT ce6H BeCTlll no OTHOWeHllltO K He3HaKOMblM ,QOM8WHlllM >KlllBOTHblM, a K8K MO>KHO ce6H seCTlll no OTHOWeHllltO K 3H8KOMblM.

Y"tMMCH noHMMaTb TeKcT, cpaeHMBaTb MHcpopMa~MtO M AenaTb BblBOAbl.

5. noYeMy He CfleAyer rfl8Alt1Tb He3H8KOMblX co6aK? Bb16eplt1 TOflbKO OAlt1H OTBeT l--1 OTMeTb era

D D

IYJ.

..c

IloTOMY qTo OHM Bhrnc,ueHhI cneu;Ma.n:hHO ,n;u1 ttana,neHMH.

IloToMy qTo OHM MOryT He noHHTh BaIIIMX HaMcpeHMH M HaqaTb 3all(Mll(aTbC51.

D D

IloToMy qTo OHM Bcer,na KycaIOTCH. IloToMy qTo OHM MoryT McrryraTbCH M y6e)l(aTh.

6. Yro HaAO CAenaTb, ecnl--1 YenoseKa yKyclt1na co6aKa? Bb16epl--1 TOflbKO OAlt1H OTBeT l--1 OTMeTb era

[YJ.

CpoqHo o6paTMThC51 K Bpaqy, JIMIIIh on MO)l(eT o6pa6o-

TaTh patty.

D D

Ilp11JIO)l(HTh xoJio,n K patte 11 o6paTMTbCH K BpaY.y.

Ilp11JIO)l(MTh TenJio K patte M o6paTMThC.SI K Bpaqy.

IlpoMhITb patty, CMa3aTb rro KpMM 3eJICHKOH M 3aKJieMTb IIJiaCTblpCM, a 3aTeM o6paTMTbC51 K Bpaqy.

7. KaKl--1X l--13 Hapl--1cosaHHblX co6aK cneAosano 6b1 l--136eraTb Ha Yfll--1t.te? 06BeAlt1.

06b~CHlt1, noYeMy AOMaWHlt1e >Klt1BOTHble APY>Kent06Hb1 no orHoweHl--1tO K X03~lt1Hy, HO MOryT 6b1Tb onaCHbl Afl~ Yy>Koro.

Y"i~MCR noH~MaTb rnaeHyto Mbtcnb TeKcTa.

9. 0

epV1

[H5I.

YeM rnaBHblM o6pa30M xaTen CK838Tb 88Tap? 8b16ep111 TanbKa aA111H OT88T 111 aTM8Tb era [YJ.

D D

OT-

TOM, KaK qeJioBeK BhIBO,[(HJI ,n:oMaIIIHHX )KHBOTHbix.

06 ocTopo)KHOM o6pam:eHMH c ,n:oMaIIIHHMH )KHBOTHhIMH.

6epe)KHOM o6pam:eHHH c ,n:oMaIIIHHMH )KHBOTHhIMH.

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