Cloning Dolly the Sheep
By: Ruby
Cloning Dolly the Sheep
All Rights Reserved Published By ISSUU Š Ruby 2014 City: Shanghai, China
TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction To Cloning/How to Clone...............................P2 Ups and Downs about Cloning......................................................P3 Glossary..................................................................................................... P4 Bibliography...............................................................................................P5 Extra Information.................................................................................P6 (Please read this before reading Glossary. Thanks!) About the author......................................................................................P7
Introduction to Cloning
Cloning is not science fiction anymore! The Scottish scientists have cloned a sheep and named it Dolly. Dolly was cloned using a process known as Nuclear Transfer to remove the DNA from cells. Even though they cloned
How to Clone The process known as Nuclear Transfer used these steps. Dolly’s DNA came from one sheep, but three other ewes helped. The scientists removed an egg cell from the first sheep and enucleated it. Next, they took a cell sample from the second sheep’s udder. With microscopic needles, they inserted DNA from this sample, into the enucleated egg cell from the first sheep. The egg cell was placed in the uterus of the third sheep, where it grew like an ordinary fetus. She became an identical copy of the second sheep, which was the sheep who’s DNA was used.
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Ups and Downs about Cloning
We could clone extinct animals using the remnants of DNA in their bones and fur, or we could clone needed organs or body parts while performing a surgery. A farmer can clone the best crop and best livestock on a farm, but say they clone some wheat. If a virus comes and is bad for some wheat, it would not affect a normal crop of wheat. On the other hand, since all the wheat contains the same DNA, the farmer can only hope the original was immune to the virus. In addition, cloning might have been what started Dolly’s problems. She died in 2003 when she was only six! Dying at the age of six is very young for a sheep. She also developed arthritis earlier than usual. After Dolly, scientists cloned many animals using Nuclear Transfer. These animals also developed more diseases than average.
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Arthritis: Painful swelling and stiff joints. DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid, it is the carrier of genetic information Embryo: an unborn or unhatched offspring in the process of development.
Enucleated: remove a nucleus from a cell
Ewes: a female sheep Fetus: an unborn offspring of a mammal, in particular an unborn human baby more than eight weeks after conception
Glossary Immune: resistant to a certain infection or virus
Nuclear Transfer: a process to use for cloning Uterus: the organ in the lower body of a woman or female mammal where offspring are conceived and in which they gestate before birth; the womb.
Udder: the mammary gland of female cattle, sheep, goats, horses, and related ungulates, a bag-like organ with two or more teats hanging near the hind legs.
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Sources: "Cloning." BrainPOP. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Jan. 2014. "Dolly the Sheep." BrainPOP. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Jan. 2014. N.d. Photograph. Baaah! Not Humbug, Just Baaah! Herfer, Errant Knight, 14 Dec. 2011. N.d. Photograph. Web. 9 Jan. 2014 Crops Are Safe to Eat. Dr Judy Carman, 1 July 2013. Web. 9 Jan. 2014. N.d. Photograph. Dr Judy Carman Replies to Comments That GM Web. 9 Jan. 2014. N.d. Photograph. USA Today. Elizabeth Weise7/4/2006, 4 July 2006. Web. 8 Jan. 2014.
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Guess Which Sheep is a clone?
Think: Is it right to clone animals when the get sick and die at such a young age? Should we EVER clone human embryos? Should we clone crops? They aren’t living things, but a virus could come and destroy the entire crop. Or maybe eating cloned animals or cloned crops could harm your body. If you could have a clone buddy, would you risk losing him or her? Possibly right after you bond he or she dies. Additionally, would you torture your buddy with sickness developed because he or she was a clone?
The Second Sheep
Extra Information
Answer on Side
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About The Author:
Ruby has written non-fiction books since second grade. Her first book was titled “Horses�. Ruby is in 5th grade and goes to SAS, and lives in Shanghai, China. She is currently 10 years old and lives with her mom, dad, and brother. She has a pet cat named Xiao Dai, which is in Chinese; the cat is a Himalayan cat, which has a flat nose and two-colored fur.
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