MARCH 14, 2016 VOLUME VI, ISSUE IV
CONTENTS COPYRIGHT 2016 Epic Blockbusters: Behind the Scene Joon Kim
It is a rainy day, so instead of going out to play sports, people decide that this is the perfect time to relax and watch Star Wars: The Force Awakens. But, did you ever wonder how a movie comes to the big screen? Well, keep reading, because you’ll learn how your favorite film goes from a simple idea to an Oscarwinning blockbuster. Let’s start off with how a movie came to be in the first place. Film began in the 1890’s when movie cameras
Do you know about the priceless thing on your finger? Sawyer Sarinana
Diamonds are made of the element carbon and they are the strongest substance on Earth. In contrary to what many people think, diamonds are not made out of coal. In fact, diamonds have existed longer than coal. De Beers, founded by Cecil Rhodes, was one of the first diamond engagement ring companies. They owned all of the diamond mines in South Africa, which is the place where you can find many diamonds, according to Business Insider. Even through the scientific perspective of this beautiful mineral, diamonds are no doubt a very priceless thing but have you wondered where they come from? Experiments say that they crystalize at VERY high pressures. Generally, they form 150 kilometers down which is in the layer of Earth called the mantle. Carbon also forms diamonds. Through harsh volcanic eruptions,
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were created and movie studios were being established. Because of the limits of technology back in the day, the earliest films were much shorter than an average duration of a Youtube video and were completely silent until 1927. The earliest surviving film is the Roundhay Garden Scene. It was shot on October 24, 1888 in Roundhay, Leeds, England. Although the movie itself is only over 2 seconds, it was recorded at 12 frames per second. The original creator, Louis Le Prince, mysteriously vanished while on a train in September 16, 1890. Over the years, technology has become more sophisticated. Now we have great tools such as CGI and animation, which weren’t always 3D like today. “Early
animators did hand drawings and filmed them with stop-frame techniques to stimulate movements.” said Joseph McBride, a movie historian. Now let’s actually dive into how a film is made. It all starts with a simple idea. The idea can be an original one or an idea to turn a book or a classic TV show into a film adaptation. But the idea isn’t going to simply be put into production already. The crew are going to decide what’s going to happen from beginning to end to put into a script, find actors who are going to play the roles, and find different locations and create props for the actors to use during the movie. Now the next step is more interesting. This time, the crew puts the film into production and the actors become significant here. After setting up the scenes, the director yells, “Action!”, striking the clapboard, and the actors do their work. The director would often say, “Cut!”, and tell the actors how they should improve. The scene that the crew are recording will be repeated more than once, so that the director have many choices on which scene is the best. The shooting phase takes up to ten to twelve weeks. After the shooting of the film is over, the people working on the film will work on the post-production, which usually takes up to six months. In the postproduction, the people will turn raw film into a finished product. They will often cut scenes and incorporate computer-generated imagery (CGI) into parts that need them. While the crew is working on adding the finishing touch to the film, it is the marketing people’s job to tell the world that the movie is coming out. They will make trailers, teasers, and posters and put them everywhere, from the previews to giant billboards. Once the film is complete, the people will send the movie to cinemas everywhere, and it will soon become available on Blu-ray and Redbox.
a diamond could contain rocks called xenoliths. Diamond jewelry is of course a super, super nice and beautiful thing and getting down to bare bones will help us see how diamonds are formed, but the jewelry as stated earlier is in my opinion more beautiful. The Blue Nile, an online company sells not only rings of priceless diamonds but they also sell bracelets and necklaces with little diamonds of quality on it. But now we can hear from one of our own 826 tutors, Catherine about her diamond jewels. “My fiance got my ring from Blue Nile, and I have my engagement ring and a pair of diamond earrings,” she answered, when asked about her jewelry. When asked about her favorite diamond store, she said, “In my dream world, I love Tiffany’s. They have the prettiest jewelry.” Sawyer Echo Sarinana is a 9-year-old journalist at 826 and this is her second session. She goes to Franklin Avenue Elementary school and likes to read for fun.
Soapology
Garland Church Soap, well it cleans, that’s all it does. The first evidence we have of soap is dated around 2800 BC. The first soap makers were Babylonians, Mesopotamians, Egyptians, Greeks and Romans. All of them made soap by mixing fat, oils and salts. Soap wasn’t made for bathing and personal hygiene but was for cleaning cooking utensils, goods, and used for medical purposes. Soap today is made of fats such as lard, tallow, natural oil like coconut oil, and palm oil. If we didn’t have soap, we would be smelly. Garland Church goes to Paul Revere Middle School. He is in the 8th grade and he loves to play basketball.
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VOLUME VI, ISSUE IV
The Invention of Books Ally Song According to Prezi.com, the Sumerians invented the first book. Have you ever wondered how books such as a dictionary,thesaurus,and magazines have been made? Well there are many steps.The workers always have to straighten several pieces of paper in a nice stack in order to cut the stack of paper neatly. There are many machines such as the Guility, the Folder, and the Signature. The Guility is a blade that drops down on soft excess paper. The Folder is a machine that holds each sheet of paper into a book size with the pages in the right order. Its also perforates the fold line. The Signature put units of paper in the correct order, but still attached together. There are many ways of binding a book. The first binding method is wired stitching. The stitches use heavy duty staples through the spines of the books. The staples come from steel wire that are so strong that you have to rip the books apart. Another way is the perfect binding, the scanner ensures that pages are in order then the cover goes on and glues together the pages. Ally Song is 10 years old. Her b-day is December 31, 2005. She has 1 sister(Hyunji)and 1 brother(Eddie). Her best friend is Ellie Yoo. She goes to Wonderland Avenue School.
Myths
Roman Sarinana A myth is basically a right or wrong idea that is in the past. It helps explain what your ancestors believed in. It helped our ancestors explain things that they didn’t understand. Some well-known myths came from Ancient Rome and Greece, but there were a lot of myths and stories in Asia too. “Myths tell the stories of ancestors and the origin of humans and the world, the gods, supernatural beings (satyrs, nymphs, mermaids) and heroes with superhuman, usually god-given, powers,” according to Joshua J. Mark in the Ancient History Encyclopedia. “Myths also describe origins or nuances of long-held customs or explain natural events such as the sunrise and sunset, the full moon or thunder and lightning storms.”
Seeing through the reading perspective of the blind Kaylin Lopez Reading is the best! Everyone can do it, even the blind. Books for the blind are called braille books. Braille is a special type of writing made by different arrangements of small “bumps” placed on a six-position matrix. According to madehow.com, Braille was invented by Louis Braille in France in 1824. Different
Let’s take Zeus for an example, who is the Greek God of the sky, lightning, thunder, law, order, and justice of the Greek religion, according to Wikipedia. His weapon was a thunderbolt that he threw at people who made him mad. That also explained lightning storms. Cat, a tutor at 826LA, likes the myth of Athena. “I like Athena,” Cat said. “She was a girl warrior and she came out of the brain of Zeus. I think of all the goddesses, she is the the toughest of them all.” Myths are a very fun thing to learn about! Roman is 7 years old and goes to school and is a first grader at Franklin Elementary School. His mascot is the fox. He likes to read, play video games, watch movies, sleep, do fencing, and do karate.
combinations of the dots stand for each of the Roman alphabet letters. The first ten letters are also used to write numbers. Before braille writing was invented, blind people were generally not taught to read and write. In the 1770’s, Valentin Have Founded a school in Paris. Valentin printed really large letters so the blind could feel the outline of each letter. This was not such a good strategy, one sentence could take up the whole page because of the text being too big. The making of a book is a long process and they are
mostly not created in the same country. Firstly, the writing must be translated into braille. This can be done in two ways; by using a special six-key typing machine, or simply scanning english text into the computer translating it into Braille. The problem is if the books are made in one country, another country cannot have access to the material. “The sharing of the few books in accessible formats that blind charities can produce with neighboring countries, or countries with the same language, is not permitted under current copyright law,” according to www.opensocietyfoundations.org. To help this problem, The World Blind Union (WBU) is campaigning for a treaty to help the visually impaired. The treaty will find a way around the boundary of the law and have more resources available for the blind.The WBU says, “Our campaign seeks a treaty at WIPO to overcome existing copyright law barriers which prevent blind people’s organizations from making more accessible books available to blind people.” Books created can only be given to those in the same country who qualify to get the material, they can not be shared with other countries who speak the same language. Kaylin Lopez is in high school, as a freshman enjoying the first year of the adventurous four. Kaylin enjoys writing and loves journalism and the help from the amazing tutors.
GOODTIMES The Scoop on Ice Cream Edward Song In its most basic form, ice cream is a mixture of cream and/or milk, sugar and sometimes eggs frozen while being churned to create a frozen product. In commercial ice-cream making, stabilizers, such as plant gums, are usually added and the mixture is pasteurized and homogenized. The mixture may have flavourings added, from something as simple as vanilla to fruit or other flavours and pieces of candy. Everybody has a favorite flavor or brand of ice cream, and the debate over whose ice cream is the best rages on each year. While each manufacturer develops its own special recipes, ice cream production basics are basically the same everywhere. The most important ice cream ingredients come from milk. The dairy ingredients are crucial in determining the characteristics of the final frozen product. Federal regulations state that ice cream must have at least 10 percent milkfat, the single most critical ingredient. The use of varying percentages of milk fat affects the palatability, smoothness, color, texture and food value of the finished product. Gourmet or super premium ice creams contain at least 12 percent milkfat, usually more. Everyone has a favorite flavor ranging from the sweet chocolate to the savory vanilla, but not many people know how it’s made. Think about it, a cow producing ICE CREAM? Well believe it or not, cows are
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what make the famous treat possible. This journalist interviewed Cat (a tutor at 826la) with some questions about ice cream. Q. What is your favorite ice cream flavor? A. Cookies and Cream Q. Why? A. I love oreos and the only way to make them better is with ice cream. Q. What is your least favorite ice cream flavor? A. Fruit flavored Ice Cream Q. Why? A. Fruit is good the way it is. It’s kind of redundant. Q. Do you know how ice cream is made? A. Vaguely
Many people enjoy ice cream but don’t think about how much work is put into making the ice cream. Next time you take a lick of that scoop, remember that there were 2000 pounds of pressure put into that light and fluffy scoop. Enjoy! Edward Song is a 8th grader at Walter Reed Middle School. He loves journalism because he gets to speak his mind to the public. He is also a computer enthusiast and wants to go into mechanical engineering.
Hoverboards Serenity McCrary About six hoverboards have exploded in America, and most have said it is because of the battery installed in a hoverboard or the the systems installed into the hoverboard can cause overloads. Some universities do not allow hoverboards on campus if they do not have a safety seal. UL, the firm that conducts OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) approved safety testing on consumer products.They’re the people who make sure your circuit cables don’t explode and are responsible for the perfection that is your metal waste can). OSHA is trying to smooth out all the hoverboardrelated hiccups by introducing guidelines for hoverboards. The folks at UL have begun accepting product submittals for “self balancing scooters.” The UL will determine the construction of the devices and if they pass the company tests, they will certify them as safe under a new certification that is called UL 2272 Balancing Scooters.” The UL will evaluate the construction of the devices and if they pass the company tests, certify them as them as safe under a new certification that’s called UL 2272 ,“Electrical Systems for self balancing scooters,” and will cover electric drive trains. Serenity McCrary is 12 years old.
Learn some facts on cigarettes! Claire Lin There are a lot of ingredients in a cigarette so I will tell you some of the ingredients so we don’t waste time. Tar: a material used to pave roads, acetone: found in nail polish, acetic acid: an ingredient in hair dye, ammonia: a common household cleaner, arsenic: used in rat poison, benzene: found in rubber band cement, butane: used in lighter fluid, cadmium:active component in battery acid, carbon monoxide: reeled in car
fume, along with other ingredients. Here are some facts about cigarettes, every cigarette you smoke reduces your expected lifespan by about 11 minutes. A single cigarette contains over 4,800 chemicals, 69 of which are chemicals that can cause cancer. About 69% of smokers want to stop smoking completely. Everyday, nearly 4,000 teens in the U.S. start smoking their first cigarette while 1,000 start smoking on a daily basis. Exposure to secondhand smoke causes 50,000 deaths in the U.S. alone. Hitler led the first modern anti-smoking sign. The first European to learn to smoke was arrested because people thought he was possessed by the devil. Smoking near an apple computer voids the warranty. Freud never quit smoking despite having over 30 cancer surgeries.I think that people should all stop smoking because it would save a lot of lives. I love reading especially to read history and fiction stories. I am 9 years old and I like playing hand ball. I am reading Harry Potter, and the Goblet of Fire.I have one brother.
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Elementary, My Dear Titanium Venia Marholin First before we jump into titanium tools, we will learn about titanium and for what reasons and why it’s used. Titanium was first found by the Reverand, William Gregor a english pastor in 1791, according to https://www.wikipedia.org/. Titanium is one of the metals in the periodic table. Its number in the periodic table is 22. The reason titanium is used in products is because it’s a very strong metal and it’s lightweight. It’s 45% lighter than steel, but 60% heavier than aluminum according to http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele022.html. It makes up 0.54% of the earth’s crust.
How Lipstick is Made Katherine Torres Do you know what lipstick is made of or how lipstick is made. Many women don’t know what exactly they are putting on their lips in the morning. They probably don’t know how it is made or if they are allergic to one of those ingredients. Don’t be one of those women and learn how it is made. The first step in making lipstick is to mix beeswax, candelilla wax, minerals, custer, lanolin, vegetable oil, pigments, and antioxidants. Then put the ingredients in three groups. The first group should have all of the solvents, the second group should have all of the oils, and the third should contain the fats and waxy materials. Each group should be mixed and melted separately in stainless steel or ceramic containers. Second, the solvent solution and liquid oils are mixed with color pigment. It will then pass through a roller
Titanium is not easily corroded by seawater, and is used in propeller shafts, rigging and other parts of boats that are exposed to seawater. Titanium is used in a lot of things, objects and more! Unfortunately, it’s high cost has made the use of it very limited. Titanium tools are lightweight and strong, thus meaning that you can use them for a long time.For example, if I used be using a titanium chainsaw. I would most likely be using it to cut trees, hard branches and plants, and more (in my opinion). Titanium is $661 per 100 grams purely, this info can be found by searching in ‘cost of titanium’ on google chrome.
mill to grind the pigment and make sure that the lipstick doesn’t have a hard or grainy feeling. Third, the pigment mass is ground and then mixed, added to hot wax mass, until a uniform color and consistency is obtained. Step four, once the lipstick mass is stirred (and sometimes free of air), it is ready to be poured into a tube. The lipstick is almost ready! Fifth, the melted mass is thrown out into a mold. Sixth, The lipstick is then put into a refrigerator to be cooled down and then it is separated from the mold. Next the bottom of the tube is sealed. The lipstick is passed through a flaming cabinet to seal all of the pinholes. The seventh step, after the lipstick is retracted and the tube is capped the lipstick is finally ready to be labeled and packaged. The labels have the job of identifying the batch in which they are made and are applied as a part of the automated operation.The final step, now the lipstick needs to be packaged.
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If a lot of people don’t already know how titanium tools are made, they start by converting and refining the metal and melting the metal at an extremely high temperature. Then after melting the metal, they mold the metal into a blade. Next the blade is connected to a handle and sealed tight. Now, the product is made. TADA! Viola! You have your own titanium tool! You officially have made your own titanium tool. My name is Venia Marholin and I like to do a lot of fun and sometimes plain things. I play videogames like Undertale, Terraria, Minecraft, I also like to make books and read, and hang out with my guinea pig, Mikey, and go to the park. And he says hi too.
Katherine: Which kind of makeup do you prefer organic or non organic? Catherine: I prefer organic because it is better for my skin. Katherine: What is your most trusted company? Catherine: I really like Tarte for makeup that is made with natural products. Katherine: When did you first start wearing makeup? Catherine: I was 14 years old. It was for fun, to make me look better. I’m 11 years old and I am homeschooled. I enjoy writing, swimming, and playing Uncle. I belong to Royal Swim Team. I am a competitive swimmer and enjoy dropping time in all of my races.
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How Old Is Martial Arts? Really Old, Like Ancient. Roman Sarinana
Martial Arts are very ancient according to some book I got from my school’s library. My question is how did martial arts get started? It was created by some war in the ancient times. Well, they had to get ready for the war so they had to learn a method of … martial arts! Some of the oldest martial arts are Kalaripayattu and Kalari, which started in India in the 13th Century, according to Google. Karate first appeared in Japan and is a method of punching, blocking, and chopping. I do the martial art called Karate. Each belt is a different level. My level right now is the Yellow Belt. My martial arts teacher, Mr. Melzer, was 17 years old when he started his martial art. He learned a different martial art than he teaches me - karate. He learned a martial art called Akido. Roman is a first grader at Franklin Avenue Elementary. He likes to do karate (obviously), sleep, watch movies, and read.
YUM YUM YUM! Chloe Kim Hmmm. I’m hungry. You should be too. Let’s go to McDonald’s.(While at McDonalds) Oh! I will have the chicken mcnuggets please. How about you? No? Why? Oooh. You are not eating it because it has pink slime. Well, don’t spill rumors. Although, there is some pink slime to hold it together. Okay, to make more sense, I will tell you all about it when we get to our seats, and for now let’s not order just yet. Chicken mcnuggets are made out of breast meat, rib meat, tenderloin, white meat, chicken, and a little bit of skin because why not.
Some Interesting Facts About Processed Food Milo Lin Processed food doesn’t grow straight from plants. Burger King has a lot of processed food! You probably eat processed food every day! Interesting processed foods are cheese and chicken nuggets. Processed foods are made by factories. According to the blog Fooducate, they make processed cheese by adding milk and salt and food coloring and preservatives and emulsifiers and whey. Venia, an 826LA student journalist, does not eat Kraft cheese because it might taste bad. My name is Milo Lin. I go to Paradise Canyon Elementary. I am in first grade. I have a sister in third grade.
How Jelly Beans Are Made
Rubber Ducks
How Candy Canes Are Made
Jelly beans are made with liquid sugar and boiling water. Machines mix all of that stuff together. After that, there are trays covered with starch and brushes even out the starch on the trays. Each tray can make 756 jelly beans. Nozzles will fill in starch and sugar in the jelly beans. The nozzles can inject about 1 million fillings an hour . Next, the jelly beans will dry for 24 hours so it can get solid. After this, the solid jelly beans will go into a big bucket to separate them.
Rubber Ducks are one of the most popular toys on the planet. One of the most asked questions are, how are rubber ducks made? The most obvious answer is they make it at the factory. Well, that might not be that obvious but it kind of is. The person who answered my question was a 826LA tutor. She said that it starts off with workers from Ohio drawing sketches of the ducks and after their work is approved, a sculptor renders the design of the rubber duck out of clay. Then they make series of wax, metal, and spray mask molds. She even said that it takes many days to create the actual duck.
Sugar gets heated, melts into syrup and then syrup is rolled and and turned into a candy cane shapes. The sugar crystals hold together in the shape as they harden. You can also make it with corn syrup. Use water, sugar, corn, syrup, and combine ingredients in a pot or a bowl or a stainless steel kettle with automatic mixers and a machine called compounders. Pour hot mixture on cool table. It cools a little bit and it goes to a machine that shapes mixture into a candy cane you can flavor, I love the cherry flavor.
Sofia Mah-Calendaria
Close to the end, they will go into a steam belt so it can get ready for sugar coating. They will go into a roundish thing where sugar sprays to the jelly beans. Finally, part of the factor, sugar flows into a bucket and the sugar will get mixed with food coloring to color the jelly bean. That is how you make jelly beans, according to How It’s Made.
Allie Kim
Trinity McCrary
My name is Trinity Dion I am 7 years old. I am in 2nd grade and I have a sister that is 12 years old.
GOODTIMES cians was Pythagoras and Plato. Pythagoras figured out how to find a right triangle by using 3 squares all of different areas.
The Creation of Mathematics Andres Mah-Calendaria
The word “mathematics” is just a shortened version of saying “the study of relationships among quantities, magnitudes, and properties, and also of logical operations by which unknown quantities, magnitudes, and properties may be deducted”. The first signs of math were found about 20,000 to 30,000 years ago. Scientists found bones with tallies on them and those would count regular occurrences such as the phases of the moon and seasons. One of the first mathemati-
Other mathematicians are Plato, Archimedes, Newton, Copernicus, Einstein, Galileo, Euclid, and many more. Archimedes is a mathematician who figured out how to find different densities by placing objects into water. The objects overflow of the water can show which object is heavier. Copernicus during his time was the only one who knew that the Earth orbited around the Sun. Everyone else in Greece thought he was wrong so they put him under house arrest and he studied how Earth orbited the Sun. Newton started to study mathematics when an apple fell on his head and pondered about how it did that. After that he figured out that gravity caused the apple to fall onto his head. Einstein started studying general and special relativity when he was a young boy. His father gave him a compass and he asked himself how does the needle move without anything touching it? General relativity is the theory of gravitation published by Einstein in 1915 and the current description of gravitation in modern physics.
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How to Make a TV Show a TV Show! Dylan Hong TV shows have many people working in the studio where they make the show happen. There are directors, producers, production managers, and many other departments and designers who make the magic happen under tight deadlines. The writers come up with the ideas for the TV show. They work with the producers to execute that idea. The producers are the ones who make the elements in the TV show happen. The executive producer is the number one producer in charge. He tells the writer what to write about and makes revisions to the script. The line producers are in charge of the budget. The production designer designs the look of the show. If in the script there is a building or house, the production designer draws it and the art department team builds the structure. The director determines what the cameras are showing and where the cameras are. The director picks the crew for the show. The line producer hires the crew and the casting director hires the cast of the show. There are loads of other people that make the TV show shine. They are all very important to make the show happen. They make the unbelievable believable! Dylan is nine years old and in the fourth grader. He goes Melrose Elementary Magnet School and he loves anything in entertainment!
Awesome Facts About Earth! Makayla Carpinteyro Did you know that the Earth is made of many layers? It has four layers: mantle, crust, atmosphere, and core. The Earth was made from rocks, dust, and gas. All of these things mixed together to form the Earth. The Earth is about 4.5 billions years old. Earth looks like a sphere but Isaac Newton was the first person to call Earth an Oblate Spheroid. Some of the things were heavy and became the center of the Earth. The center of the Earth is called the core. The rest of the materials became the mantle, crust, and atmosphere. As all of the pieces were smashing together, Earth was growing bigger and bigger. Earth grew so big that it made a magnetic force called gravity. Earth got its name after Greek and Roman gods and goddesses. The word earth means ground. Charles Miller, CARVE Principal Investigator at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and CalTech, knows a lot about the Earth and what happened and what is going
to happen in the future. He said, ”it is thought that when the Earth first formed that there was no oxygen in the atmosphere. Over billions of years of microbes and then plants converted the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to organic molecules and they gave off oxygen as a waste product.” He continued, “the Earth probably had dry land since very early on. Plants grew first in the oceans (about 1 billion years ago) and then on land about 500 million years ago.” The land on Earth was all together, and was made out of several plates. It was like a bridge of land that you could walk from one side to the other. The plates are pieces that move and made the land separate. Earth then broke up into large pieces that are now called continents. Right now, there are 7 continents on Earth. They are called Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, South America, Australia, and Antarctica. Makayla Carpinteyro is seven years old and in second grade at Micheltorena Elementary School. She likes to sleep, loves to read, visit the park, and go on vacation.
The Good Times is written by the students of the 826LA in Echo Park Journalism workshop.
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