Mapping spatial injustice in the Greater Cairo Region

Mapping Spatial Injustice in the Greater Cairo Region

Planning [in]

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Justice

The multiple indicators of poverty

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Percentage of people below poverty line in GCR shiyakhas

By using the percentage of people under the poverty line as our indicator (CAPMAS, 2013), we find that the south of Giza governorate is the poorest part of the Greater Cairo Region.

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Numbers of people below poverty line in GCR shiyakhas

By using the numbers of people under the poverty line as our indicator (CAPMAS, 2013), the perspective changes and we find that the highest numbers of the poor lie within the central and northern parts of Cairo and Giza.

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Density of people below poverty line per km2 in GCR shiyakhas

By using the density of the people below the poverty line as our indicator (CAPMAS, 2013) – i.e. the numbers of the poor per km2 – we find that the areas that have the highest density of the poor are concentrated in the central areas of Cairo and Giza. The use of different indicators gives a very different picture of poverty in the city, which calls for a better understanding of the use of each indicator.

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Measuring access to utilities and infrastructure: water and sanitation

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Percentage of people connected to public water network in GCR shiyakhas

Official reports often only focus on the percentage of people connected to the water network, which is above 95% in the GCR (CAPMAS, 2006).

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Percentage of people with water taps inside their homes in GCR shiyakhas

However, if we change our indicator, and look at the percentage of those with a tap inside the home, we will see that a significant number of people have to leave their homes to obtain drinking water (CAPMAS, 2006). This indicator is a better measure of ease of access to water.

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Percentage of people with toilets inside their homes in GCR shiyakhas

Similarly, if we look at the percentage of those with a toilet inside the home, we find the percentage to be quite high (CAPMAS, 2006).

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Percentage of people connected to the public sanitation network in GCR shiyakhas

However, if we look at the percentage of those connected to the wastewater network, we will find the percentage is much lower (CAPMAS, 2006), meaning that a large number of people rely on septic tanks to dispose of their wastewater. Septic tanks add a huge environmental burden to the surrounding areas.

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Per capita share of 2014/2015 local development programs vs.

Numbers of people below the poverty line in GCR districts

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Per capita 2014/2015 local development programs (EGP)

*all units in EGP

Numbers of poor in GCR districts

This comparison shows us one of the biggest distortions in spatial justice, since there is a negative correlation between the per capita share of the 2014/2015 local development programs budget and numbers of the poor in most GCR districts.

The districts with highest per capita share of such programs also happen to have the lowest numbers of the poor.

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70 60 50 40 30 20 10

0

al-Nuzha Miṣr al-Gadīda Madīnat Naṣr - East al-Ma`ādī West of Cairo `Ābdīn Madīnat Naṣr - West al-Muqaṭṭam al-Khalīfa al-Zaytūn al-Azbakiyya al-Sayyida Zaynab al-Wāylī 15 May Ḥadā`iq al-Qubba `Ayn Shams Bāb al-Sha`riyya al-Sāḥil al-Marg Center of Cairo al-Salām - First al-Basātīn Dār al-Salām Rowḍ al-Farag al-Maṭariyya al-Zāwiyya al-Ḥamrā` al-Sharābiyya Munsha'at Nāṣir al-Muskī al-Salām - Second Miṣr al-Qadīma Shubrā Ḥilwān Būlāq al-Tibbīn

Per capita share of 2014/2015 local development programs (EGP)

% of poor

Per capita share of 2014/2015 local development programs vs. % of poor in Cairo governorate districts

0

10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Source: Cairo governorate website

The highest per capita share of the local development programs budget among Cairo governorate’s districts in 2014/2015 is EGP 42.1 in Al-Nozha district, while the lowest is EGP 4.7 in Ain Shams district. Interestingly, these two districts are adjacent to each other.

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Planning [in] Justice The project aims to collect and analyze data and increase public awareness regarding the absence of spatial justice in the distribution of public resources between different urban areas. This is in addition to examining the institutional causes that enable this situation in Egypt, with a special focus on the Greater Cairo Region (GCR).

In pursuing this aim, the project works on developing tools to identify, measure and address these inequalities and making these tools available to other active groups in Egypt. Planning [in] Justice is a project of TADAMUN: The Cairo Urban Solidarity Initiative.

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