EU & Eastern Neighbours
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Meeting the energy challenge EU cooperation with its Eastern Neighbours
EU & Eastern Neighbours
E N E R G Y P R E S S PAC K
December 2013
A vital cooperation
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The INOGATE international energy cooperation programme
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Energy and the Eastern Partnership
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The Covenant of Mayors
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The Energy Community
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EU-Ukraine & EU-Russia energy relations
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PHOTO GALLERIES
VIDEOS SUCCESS STORIES
This publication exists only in electronic format. It has been prepared by the European Neighbourhood Info Centre, a project funded by the EU. It does not represent the official view of the EC or the EU Institutions. The EC accepts no responsibility or liability whatsoever with regard to its content.
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2013 MOLDOVA - Cutting down on energy costs? Yes, you can video 2012 Energy cooperation with Eastern Neighbours Info centre video series 2011 INOGATE celebrates 15 successful years video
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A vital cooperation The European Union’s energy requirements are growing, as is its need to import fuel. At the same time, the countries to the east of the EU are seeking to improve the use of the region’s significant energy resources. Cooperation between the EU and its Eastern Neighbours can create predictable and transparent energy markets, capable of stimulating investment and economic growth as well as security of energy supply. In an increasingly interconnected world, cooperation with its neighbours is also essential to the EU’s own energy needs, as spelled out by the EU’s Directorate General on Energy: “If it is to achieve its goal of secure, competitive and sustainable energy, the EU must involve and cooperate with other countries, be they producers, transit countries or consumers.”
ENERGY PRESS PACK 1 “Energy efficiency projects do not only result in energy savings, but can also increase productivity, improve the general atmosphere and enhance competitiveness.”
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Alexandru Bologa, MoSEFF expert in energy auditing, Moldova
EU neighbours include both producers and transit countries essential to the EU’s energy supply, at a time when, according to the European Commission, the share of imported energy in the EU – currently 80% for oil and over 60% for gas – continues to rise.
SUCCESS STORIES Cutting down on energy costs? Yes, you can Adapting steel to conquer the Arctic Renewable energy Promoting Renewable Energies in Moldova South Caucasus united by common electricity grid Will Europe save that old house in Vladimir? Carbon footprints leading into the future
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INOGATE international energy cooperation programme
ENERGY PRESS PACK 1
INOGATE – which originally stood for ‘Interstate Oil and Gas Transport to Europe’ – is an international energy co-operation programme between the European Union and Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan.
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They have agreed to work together, implementing a number of projects aimed at achieving the following four objectives:
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Converging energy markets on the basis of the principles of the EU internal energy market taking into account the particularities of the involved countries;
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Enhancing energy security by addressing the issues of energy exports/imports, supply diversification, energy transit and energy demand;
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Supporting sustainable energy development, including the development of energy efficiency, renewable energy and demand side management; Attracting investment towards energy projects of common and regional interest. The INOGATE programme has been a trailblazer for energy co-operation in this region. It originally aimed to promote the regional integration of pipeline systems and to facilitate oil and gas transport within the Newly Independent States (NIS) and onwards to EU markets. In recent years, INOGATE’s scope has been extended to cover issues relating to electricity, renewable energy and energy efficiency. In addition, the programme encourages private investment and support from international financial institutions. INOGATE’s technical secretariat is based in the Ukrainian capital Kyiv. Find out more - Interview with Simone Rave INOGATE in push for more energy investment
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Energy and the Eastern Partnership
ENERGY PRESS PACK
Energy security is a major aspect of the Eastern Partnership between the European Union and Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine. For this purpose, an Eastern Partnership Platform on Energy Security (Platform 3) was established by the Eastern Partnership Summit of May 2009 and has held biannual meetings since then.
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In its 2012-13 work programme, Platform 3 confirmed four core objectives:·
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enhancement of framework conditions and solidarity;
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support for infrastructure development, interconnection and diversification of supply; promotion of increased energy efficiency and use of renewable sources; regulatory framework and approximation of energy policies.
To facilitate regional cooperation between partner countries and EU Member States, meetings will be held in Brussels and in partner countries. These will allow for a ‘special focus’ on a host country, with presentations dedicated to its energy policy, investment opportunities, and legislative framework facilitating foreign investment and international cooperation in energy field. A new activity will also be undertaken on ‘Cooperation in establishment and strengthening of a regulatory framework in nuclear safety’, with a focus on two main elements: comprehensive risk and safety assessments (‘stress tests’) and the Instrument for Nuclear Safety Cooperation.
“Tackling energy efficiency also brings significant economic benefits… This is a sector where we hope to create one million jobs in the EU, mainly by strengthening the requirements for energy performance in buildings.” Štefan Füle, Commissioner for Enlargement and European Neighbourhood Policy
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key quotes Browse key quotes on gender issues by top EU officials, projects and beneficiaries on the ground.
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The Covenant of Mayors
ENERGY PRESS PACK
The Covenant of Mayors is a European movement through which local and regional authorities voluntarily commit to increase energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy sources on their territories, which is also open to local authorities beyond the borders of the European Union. By their commitment, Covenant signatories aim to meet and exceed the European Union’s 20% CO2 reduction objective by 2020. Local and regional authorities have a particularly important role to play given that 80% of energy consumption and CO2 emissions is associated with urban activity.
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Support to the Covenant of Mayors was given political impulse within the framework of the Eastern Partnership, with the Work Programme of the Energy Security Platform identifying the promotion of participation in the Covenant of cities from the Eastern Partnership as one of the major priorities.
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In the Eastern Neighbourhood, 54 towns and cities have signed the Covenant – 35 in Ukraine (including the capital Kyiv), 8 in Moldova (including the capital Chisinau), 5 in Georgia (including Tbilisi), 2 in Armenia and 4 in Belarus. Source In March 2012, the EU awarded five grants under a €2.5 million call for proposals for actions supporting the participation of Eastern Partnership and Central Asian cities in the Covenant of Mayors, while it is also funding a €2.15 million support project ‘Covenant of Mayors Going East’, with a Covenant of Mayors branch office in Lviv to help advise Eastern Partnership cities wanting to participate in the initiative. A separate EUfunded project, ‘Sustainable Urban Energy in the ENPI region – towards the Covenant of Mayors (SURE)’, implemented under the CIUDAD programme, has helped Polotsk in Belarus to join the Covenant.
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PHOTO GALLERIES Images from across the Neighbourhood highlighting EU cooperation projects in the field of energy. High-resolution pictures available for download. Click here to view a special photo report “Energy: EU cooperation with neighbours.”
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The Energy Community
ENERGY PRESS PACK
The Energy Community entered into force in 2006, and aims to extend the EU internal energy market to South East Europe and beyond, and enhance the overall security of supply. The parties have committed themselves to liberalise their energy markets and implement key EU legal acts in the area of electricity, gas, environment and renewable energy.
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The general objective of the Energy Community is to create a stable regulatory and market framework in order to:
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Attract investment in power generation and networks in order to ensure stable and continuous energy supply that is essential for economic development and social stability;
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Create an integrated energy market allowing for cross-border energy trade and linked to the EU market;
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Enhance security of supply; Improve the environmental situation in relation to energy supply in the region.
Eastern Europe Energy Efficiency and Environment Partnership - E5P On 21 October 2013, Armenia, Georgia and Moldova joined Ukraine in the Eastern Europe Energy Efficiency and Environment Partnership (E5P). Now they too can benefit from the E5P Fund, which supports energy efficiency and the reduction of harmful emissions in partner countries. The Fund merges contributions from the EU and donor countries including Ukraine (E5P partner since 2011), as well as Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland and the USA, to leverage national funds and loans from international financial institutions (IFIs).
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ENERGY PRESS PACK 1
EU-Ukraine energy relations
EU-Russia energy relations
Ukraine is a key transit country for energy resources from Russia to the EU, particularly for gas, providing transit for some 20% of the gas consumed in the EU.
Russia is the largest oil, gas, uranium and coal exporter to the EU. Likewise, the EU is by far the largest trade partner of the Russian Federation in energy goods. Based on this mutual interdependency and common interest in the sector, the EU and Russia have developed a close energy partnership, launching the EU-Russia Energy Dialogue in 2000. In March 2013, the EU and Russia agreed a joint Energy Roadmap until 2050.
A major challenge is the need to guarantee the overall performance, safety and security of the Ukrainian natural gas transit network and this has been one of the main objectives of EU-Ukraine energy co-operation since 2001. Energy cooperation between the EU and Ukraine is guided by the 2005 Memorandum of Understanding on Energy signed between the two sides, setting out four roadmaps for bilateral co-operation, to which a fifth was added later. These cover:
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The safety of operating Ukrainian Nuclear power plants The integration of electricity and gas markets The security of energy supplies and the transit of hydrocarbons The coal sector
Energy efficiency and renewable energies Progress was highlighted in the sixth joint EU-Ukraine report on the implementation of the Memorandum of Understanding, which was published in March 2012.
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The EU-Russia Energy Dialogue aims to improve investment opportunities in the energy sector to ensure continued energy production, to secure and expand transportation infrastructure, as well as to reduce environmental impact. Other important objectives are to encourage the opening up of energy markets, to facilitate the market penetration of more environmentally friendly technologies and energy resources, and to promote energy efficiency and energy savings on the way to a low-carbon economy.
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Following the gas dispute from 2009, the EU and Russia consider it essential to further reinforce mutual confidence by establishing an Early Warning Mechanism. This instrument ensures rapid communication and aims to prevent further supply interruptions in the field of gas, oil or electricity.
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Useful Links
ENERGY PRESS PACK
EU Neighbourhood Info Centre energy webpage www.enpi-info.eu/themeeast.php?subject=5 features www.enpi-info.eu/list_type_east.php?id_type=6&subject=5 photo galleries www.enpi-info.eu/list_galleries_east.php?subject=5 quotes www.enpi-info.eu/list_type_east.php?id_ type=11&newstype=0&country=0&subject=5&eupolicy=0&Submit=Submit Library documents www.enpi-info.eu/library/theme/energy
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DG Energy external dimension Security of supply and international cooperation http://ec.europa.eu/energy/international/security_of_supply/cooperation_en.htm EU-Russia energy relations http://ec.europa.eu/energy/international/russia/russia_en.htm EU-Ukraine energy relations http://ec.europa.eu/energy/international/bilateral_cooperation/ukraine_en.htm Eastern Partnership http://ec.europa.eu/energy/international/eastern_partnership/eastern_en.htm Caucasus and Central Asia http://ec.europa.eu/energy/international/caucasus_central_asia_en.htm Energy Community http://ec.europa.eu/energy/international/community/community_en.htm
EU Neighbourhood Handbooks From the EU Neighbourhood Info Centre website, a number of different handbooks can be downloaded, offering tips to media professionals for improved coverage of EU cooperation activities, but also providing information on how to access EU funding or to navigate through EU jargon. A wealth of knowledge at your disposal, just a click away on www.enpi-info.eu.
Energy Community website www.energy-community.org EU Sustainable Energy for All Summit http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/what/energy/sustainable/se4all_en.htm
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United Nations Sustainable Energy for All www.sustainableenergyforall.org DG Development and Cooperation EuropeAid – Energy http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/what/energy/index_en.htm DG Development and Cooperation EuropeAid regional cooperation east – energy http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/where/neighbourhood/regional-cooperation/enpi-east/energy-issues_en.htm European External Action Service – External action and energy policy http://eeas.europa.eu/energy/index_en.htm The Covenant of Mayors www.eumayors.eu/index_en.html The Covenant of Mayors Committed to local sustainable energy «Energy for Eastern Mayors Project» http://e4em.eu/index.php INOGATE international energy cooperation programme www.inogate.org/index.php?option=com_inogate&view=projects&Itemid=75&lang=en
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Documents
ENERGY PRESS PACK
Roadmap EU-Russia Energy Cooperation until 2050 http://ec.europa.eu/energy/international/russia/doc/2013_03_eu_russia_roadmap_2050_signed.pdf
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Overview of the bilateral cooperation between EU-UKRAINE
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http://ec.europa.eu/energy/international/bilateral_cooperation/doc/ukraine/overview_eu_ukraine_cooperation.pdf
Council Conclusions of November 2011 “Implementation of the Communication on Security of Energy Supply and International Cooperation and of the Energy”
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http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2013:0638:FIN:EN:HTML
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EU starts negotiations on Caspian pipeline to bring gas to Europe http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-11-1023_en.htm?locale=en
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”The EU Energy Policy: Engaging with Partners beyond Our Borders”
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http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2011:0539:FIN:EN:HTML
“Establishing an information exchange mechanism with regard to intergovernmental agreements between Member States and third countries in the field of energy” 25-10-2012 http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2012:299:0013:01:EN:HTML
Work Programme of Platform 3 for 2014-2017 of the Eastern Partnership in the energy sector
EU Neighbourhood Library Our online database
http://ec.europa.eu/energy/international/eastern_partnership/doc/approved_work_programme_2014-2017.pdf
Action plans Agreements Country reports Declarations Resolutions Strategy documents
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ENERGY PRESS PACK The EU: a major donor for the Neighbourhood
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EU support to the region is mainly channeled through the European Commission’s Directorate General for Development and Cooperation – EuropeAid http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid
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The European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI) funding approved for the period 2007-2013 was € 11.2 billion. As from 2014 the ENPI will be replaced by the European Neighbourhood Instrument (ENI), which will provide faster and more flexible funding, allowing for incentives for best performers, to 16 partner countries to the East and South of the EU’s borders.
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Eastern Neighbours: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, Ukraine. Southern Neighbours: Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Palestine, Syria*, Tunisia. * EU Cooperation with Syria is currently suspended due to the political situation
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EU Neighbourhood Info Centre An ENPI project The EU Neighbourhood Info Centre is an EU-funded Regional Communication project highlighting the partnership between the EU and Neighbouring countries. This presspack has been produced by the EU Neighbourhood Info Centre.
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Photos: UNICEF and AFP/EPA for the EU Neighourhood Info Centre Copyright EU/EU Neighbourhood Info Centre 2013-2014
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