COVER PAGE
PORTFOLIO
ADA CHANG LIU
LANDSCAPE URBANISM
CURRICULUM VITAE ADA CHANG LIU in: ca.linkedin.com/in/liuada e: adaliu0105@gmail.com
EDUCATION
EXPERIENCE
OTHER TRAINING
MA IN LANDSCAPE URBANISM
URBAN AND LANDSCAPE DESIGNER RESEARCHER
ADVANCED SPATIAL ANALYSIS CARTOGRAPHY COMPUTING TECHNIQUES
Groundlab Ltd. London UK 2013-2014
Scholarship Awarded Architectural Association School of Architecture Visiting School in Bilbao Spain 2014
Architectural Association School of Architecture London UK 2012-2013 CERTIFICATE OF URBAN STUDIES Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC Canada 2010-2012 BA IN GEOGRAPHY AND ECONOMICS Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC Canada 2009-2012
ARCGIS DESKTOP 10.X ERIS Training London UK 2013
PROFESSIONAL WORKS CONTENT
EMBASSY OF NATURE Sokolniki Park Competition, Russia - First Price Groundlab Ltd. 2014 WATER PARK PROTOTYPE Busan North Port Water park Competition, South Korea Groundlab Ltd. 2014 MAYFAIR STREETSCAPE Mayfair, London Groundlab Ltd. 2014 RECOVERING LANDFILL Surat, India Groundlab Ltd. 2013 RECLAIMING AUQUATICSCAPE Aquatic Centre Competition, Sydney, Australia Groundlab Ltd. 2014
PROFESSIONAL WORKS
PROFESSIONAL WORKS: EMBASSY OF NATURE Cooperation with the team of Groudlab, Woohaw and Urbanica Mainly Responded Tasks: Early Stage Design Proposal, Research, and Circulation Design Involved Tasks: Research, Design Proposal, Master Plan Design, and Landscape Design
EMBASSY OF NATURE
EMBASSY OF NATURE: [Design Strategy]
EMBASSY OF NATURE: [Master Plan]
‘8 Ways to Nature’ The proposal envisages a park with the capacity to function throughout 4 seasons around year. The 8 ways to nature will be provided with the appropriate facilities to activate the park according to its own characters, identities and activities. The 8 ways are designed to serve as programme activators, climate comfort zones as well as important infrastructure crucial to the development and maintenance of the park. As programme activators each of the ways will create a specific character zone with a range of activities and amenities closely linked with each other and with flexible facilities to allow the introduction of different programmes and uses. As climatic comfort zones they will provide the necessary environments and/or facilities to ameliorate extreme weather conditions and/or allow the use of the park along its axis throughout the year. As infrastructure for the park, the 8 ways will serve as spines of accessibility, providers of basic facilities such as toilets and refreshments areas for visitor. For example Alley 2 Water summer play fountain/ winter skate is designed as a linear water body that creates a specific character and environment along its axis, thus providing a clear identity for visitors. During summer it creates a playful environment for children and a relaxed and cool promenade for visitors through the implementation of a constantly changing linear water body. During winter the water alley becomes a skate path, along its axis, the ideal arena to practice winter sports. The small buildings and pavilions along its axis will be designed to provide ramps and slopes devices while providing refreshments, equipment and storage area for the sports activities. The sports axis will be programmed in a similar way: serving as a bmx circuit during the summer and ski slopes during the winter. The botanic axis greenhouses will also be activated during the winter as well as performing as an educational device for flora learning through the seasons. Added to this, the activities in the forest will also ensure their viability during the winter season with a well illuminated ski path that will ensure the extension of winter park usage in the evening. The eight ways to nature and each of the characters associated to them will have all inclusive designed policies that allow all people with different capacities to enjoy all the amenities of Sokolniki Park. The intention behind revamping the 8 historical axes is to ensure an even and universal accessibility and activation capacity to cover the larger forest and ecological areas in the north as well as consolidating the urban and more connected areas of the south. The various functions and thematic alleys proposed construct an ecology of programmes in which the activities retrofit one another resulting in multiple benefits for various agencies. The thematic alleys relate to existing programmes and historical features and link to the third party uses. For instance, the opening of the greenhouse and nurseries will result in a better educational experience for the park and at the same time it will bring revenue for a better maintenance of those spaces.
The current state of the park reveals a huge potential in its rich forest environment, ponds, historical value and active entrance. However, the quiet forest and busy entrance conditions have become two extremes in the park resulting in the abandonment of the northern forested areas. Added to this, in the circulation system, especially in the roads and highways that cross the park, priority is given to vehicles in most of the crossings and the lack of way finding devices contributes to the inaccessibility of certain areas. (A) to activate the quiet and natural forest while maintaining its natural character, an ecological corridor is proposed to bring and enhance nature into the park through various activities in the forest (B) to distribute the activities concentrated in the entrance, the historical alleys will be gradually transformed into individually characterized linear urban parks that lead people from the entrance to the northern areas of the park.
EMBASSY OF NATURE: [Connection] CURRENT CROSSING CONDITIONS Crucial to the new circulation scheme in the park are the crossing points for pedestrians. Given the park’s radial structure, it constantly produces junctions between roads inside or in the perimeter of Sokolniki. At the moment, they are not properly designed for pedestrians, meaning they are displaced from the junctions and with poor levels of signage and visibility for both, pedestrians and vehicles. The project’s integration of the historical radial structure of the park means also the creation of a strategy to overcome the pitfalls of the current state of its crossing points. The linearity and continuity required by each of the axis to succeed is paramount and therefore the project puts forward a catalogue of alternatives that ranges from simple adjustments in the materiality of the paving to more complex but direct interventions by digging out small pedestrian passageways and the location of small pedestrian bridges.
PROPOSED CROSSINGS In all the cases, the main objectives seek to ensure continuity of the ecological corridor and the 8 ways/ main alleys of Sokolinki as well as to give priority to pedestrian movement over vehicles. This strategy will lead to a clear differentiation of materials in direct relation to the 8ways/main axis, the levelling of the roads to meet the pedestrian crossing levels, alternatives to slow down vehicular speed, ensuring easy accessibility to all pedestrian with different abilities, as well as clear signage and way finding elements as shown in the catalogue. All in all, these strategies will contribute to a more inviting, enjoyable and accessible leisure park.
WAY FINDING LANDMARKS, ENTRANCES, VIEWPOINT AND ART INSTALLATIONS
The new circulation scheme encompasses a new strategy for way finding and the design of new recognizable entrances for the park. These elements are part of a wider principle for the design of the park that is based on the construction of an identifiable image based on landmarks in the park that includes the new entrance viewpoint and the art installation events in the park. The way finding is based on three different info points: the main entrance viewpoint, crossing points and entrances. The main entrance point includes info about all the events in the park, alleys and ecological corridor activities. It also contains cafés, shops, services and a bus stop for the electric internal transportation in the park. The crossing points are based on basic info related to the overall park and more detail info about the individual alley they are crossing. Entrance points are divided in two categories: entrance A (Info Desk + Cafe + Shop + Rent-a-Bike Parking spot + services) and entrance B (Info point + vending machine + bus stop + Rent-a-Bike Parking spot + services). These entrance points are proposed as flexible and recognizable wooden pavilions that adjust to existing trees and provide shelter for park visitors.
Entrance point A
Info Desk + Cafe + Shop + Rent-aBike Parking Spot + Services
D R I VE WAY
PA R K I N G
P R I M A RY E N T R A N C E
I N T E R N A L T R A N S P O RT
G R E E N CO R R I D O R
S E CO N D A RY E N T R A N C E
P E D E ST R I A N N E T WO R K
MAIN ENTRANCE
SKI S KY WA L K G R E E N CO R R I D O R CO N N E C T I O N
Entrance point B
Info Point + Vending Machine + Bus Stop + Rent-a-Bike Parking Spot + Services
EMBASSY OF NATURE: [Axis Design] Pesochnaya alleya su mme r bmx, winte r snow boa rd a nd sma ll sca le sports
This alley is framed by Maple trees. It is linked to the existing sport and children facilities around the southwest areas of the park. This alley is characterized by the introduction of small scale sports and small pavillions whose roof can function as small slopes for bmx and skate during the summer and as ski and snowboarding slopes during winter. The small scale sports include flexible areas and platforms where to play ping-pong, petanque, yoga and a range of flexible spaces to play chess or other board games to provide amenities to different ages. The small pavilions along the axis will provide the renting, storing and borrowing of the necessary tools and boards to play these sports as well as refreshments, snacks, toilets and water fountains.
1. M E DI ATHE QUE A L L E Y
This alley is framed by Birch trees and it is related to the existing educational and knowledge diffusion programmes in Sokolniki, such as museums, library and cinemas. It is based on the insertion of pavilions along the axis where visitors can engage with several types of information and knowledge media such as internet, videos, audio and books. These pavilions will be inserted as collecting shelves towards the alley and will also provide relaxing sitting and lounge areas towards the forest as well as way finding information and basic services.
2. WATE R A L L E Y su mme r pla y fou nta in, winte r ska te This alley is framed by Elm trees. It is linked to the existing water ponds and features of the park. This alley will be active both in winter and summer time as a play fountain and as a skate path. The semi-sunken pavilions along this alley also perform as slope devices and the water features are also used for self-cleaning water systems with the possibility to introduce wetlands as cleansing and filtering devices for educational purposes.
3 . TE A PA RTY A L L E Y ba rbe q u e , food ma rke t, pic- nic This alley is framed by Birch trees. Thematically, it recovers the historical tea parties that took place in the park in the past and the contemporary historic bike ride. Its pavilions are based on temporary stalls for markets and wooden platforms in the forest for pic-nic tables. In the northern extreme of the alley where the forest is not protected, there is the possibility of introducing controlled barbeque areas for thematic food festivals.
4. E VE NTS A ND E XHI B I TI ONS A L L E Y fe stiva ls
This alley is framed by Maple trees. It connects the underground station of Sokolniki in the South with the train station of ‌. In the north the axis lends itself to be one of the most public and busy corridors throughout the park. It also contains a number of existing buildings part of previous international exhibitions that after refurbishment could provide home to a number of exhibitions areas, halls, galleries, and multipurpose spaces. This gives the axis the character of a large linear plaza with the capacity to accommodate large events, such as art exhibitions, open air cinemas, performances and some types of concerts and stage events.
5 . F OR E ST E Y E S A L L E Y bird wa tch ing
This alley is framed by Ash trees. It is linked to the activities introduced in the forest and it is characterized by elevated pavilions with high level views in the forest. It will house the existing ornithology facilities and it will include ecological educational facilities and bird care for the corridor.
6 . B OTA NI C A L L E Y gre e n h ou se s
This alley is framed by Elm trees. The botanic theme comes from the possibility to relate this axis to the existing nursery and green house facilities in the park, becoming an educational as well as leisure environment for the park. The pavilions in this axis have a greenhouse character and the pavement is combined with planted areas for small scale vegetation and bushes.
M ayskiy posek mu sic a nd wildflowe rs
This alley is framed by Larch trees. The intention for this alley is mainly about maintaining its existing character introducing local wild flowers in the central existing planting areas. In this alley, music pavilions will be introduced for small performances and to listen to music from nature. Within the strategy of ecology of programmes which relates existing, proposed and third party activities in the park, this alley is associated to the existing dancing and music stages in the park.
green corridor
Streets
U nderground street special protected natu ral area
Pat h s
sky walk
ski pat h
Pe s oc hn a ya a lle ya s umme r b mx, w in te r s n ow b oa rd a n d s ma ll s c a le s ports
4 . E VE NTS AND E XHIB ITIONS AL L E Y fe s tiva ls
1. ME DI ATHE QUE AL L E Y
5 . F ORE ST E Y E S AL L E Y b ird wa tc hin g
2 . WATE R AL L E Y s umme r pla y foun ta in , w in te r s ka te
6 . B OTANIC AL L E Y gre e n hous e s
3. TE A PARTY AL L E Y b a rb e q ue , food ma rke t, pic -n ic
Ma y s kiy pos e k mus ic a n d w ild flowe rs
EMBASSY OF NATURE: [Render]
NIGHT TIME EXHIBITION CENTRE
ENTRANCE VIEWPOINT
AUTUMN VIEW SKY WALK
NATURE CENTER HOLIDAY FESTIVAL
WINTER GREENHOUSE CAFE AND SKI PATH
PROFESSIONAL WORKS: WATER PARK PROTOTYPE Cooperation with the team of Groudlab and C-Topo Mainly Responded Tasks: Early Stage Design Proposal, Research, and Water Edge Prototype Design Involved Tasks: Research, Design Proposal, Master Plan Design, and Landscape Design
WATER PARK PROTOTYPE
WATER PARK PROTOTYPE: [Mater Plan]
WATER PARK PROTOTYPE: [Water Edge Prototypes for Activities]
1. LILY POND
2. WETLAND FAMILY LEARNING CENTRE
3.FLOATING PIERS SWIMMING POOLS
4. FLOATING LIBRARY CAFE
5. BRIDGE CAFE
6. OPEN AIR THEATER CAFE
7. COLONNADE
8. URBAN TERRACE
9. FESTIVAL GARDEN
10. LOTUS GARDEN URBAN TERRACES
11. FLOATING PIERS GARDENS
11
3
4
5
10
8
67
9
1
2
WATER PARK PROTOTYPE: [Water Edge Prototypes for Activities ]
Section 1 Section 2 Section 1
Section 3 Section 2
Section 3
PROFESSIONAL WORKS: MAYFAIR STREETSCAPE Cooperation with Groudlab Mainly Responded Tasks: Research and Analysis, Master Plan Design, Lighting Design, and Urban Furniture Design Involved Tasks: Research, Design Proposal, Master Plan Design, Landscape Design, and Installation Design
MAYFAIR STREETSCAPE
MAYFAIR STREETSCAPE [Analysis and Master Plan] NETWORK ANALYSIS
STREET EXISTING CONDITION
STREET SCALE ANALYSIS
This project is the renewal of a back street in Mayfair, a high-end commercial area. The design unified different ownerships along the street into a continuing street atmosphere to create a enjoyable and fashionable walking environment. The design focused on three main principles to satisfy the client’s demands, which are creating a vibrant ground floor experience, designing a unified street-scape, and branding a recognizable identity. This proposal understands Barlow Place and Bruton Lane STREETSCAPES as key elements in the viability of the RE-DEVELOPMENT of the surrounding buildings. Precisely, the meeting of several public and private interests in a GRADUAL and continuing PROCESS of re-development in time is one of the crucial strategic points of the project which will benefit all the agencies involved. Moreover, the design aims to INTEGRATE indoor and outdoor SPACES providing the possibility to PERMEATE DESIGN PRINCIPLES from both realms. Prime location, excellent connectivity and neighboring shop fronts increase the great potential of this urban environment. The future guidelines aim at integrating these streets within Mayfair and Westminster’s special atmosphere while introducing special landmarks through public art installations and open air events. The site constraints derive mainly from the fact that most of the surrounding buildings are currently giving their back facade and service areas to Bruton Lane and Barlow Place. Added to this, the street scale produced by the tall and monotonous back facades and blank gables results in a spatial experience which is far from Mayfair’s characteristic shop fronts and cafes. The chaotic distribution of services and secondary entrances along the streets together with the irregular geometry of their alignments create an unpleasant perception and problematic way-finding. These conditions are aggravated in the entrances to both streets from Berkeley Square and Bruton Street whose blank gables are very unattractive elements for visitors.
MAYFAIR STREETSCAPE [Analysis and Master Plan] REDEFINED VEHICULAR ROUTES
BOUNDARY ELEMENTS
MAIN LEADING PATTERN
PAVEMENT AND URBAN FURNITURE
DECORATION AREA
SPACE FOR PARKING
ENTRANCE MARKING & WAY FINDING
LEADING PATTERN RELATION DIAGRAMS
WAY FINDING & UNIFY- URBAN FURNITURE ING PAVEMENT LOCATION
The proposal creates a guideline system whereby the disconnected elements on site are integrated by the introduction of a unified materiality with clear patterns to enhance visual and material integration.
MAYFAIR STREETSCAPE [Lighting Installation] Before
After
Section 1
Section 5
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Section 6
Section 7
Public lighting strategy envisions a lighting system in the form of chandeliers/ art pieces hung from a cable system. They will help de-cluttering the streetscape while emphasizing its structure. A secondary lighting system of fluorescent tubes are embedded in the paving to reinforce the triangulated pattern of the proposal and its materiality. Section 8
Section 9
Section 10
MAYFAIR STREETSCAPE [Canopy Installation]
Bird View Canopy with adjustable surface lighting system
CANOPY DESIGN WITH FACADE CONDITIONS
3D Lighting Installation uses LED technology, and the super-thin light-emitting glass plates can be controlled digitally. This triangulated surface uses rigid brass metal tubes of various lengths to form the adjustable surface.
Eye level View Canopy with adjustable surface lighting system
MAYFAIR STREETSCAPE [Visualization]
PROFESSIONAL WORKS: RECOVERING LANDFILL Cooperation with Groudlab Mainly Responded Tasks: Technical Research, Master Plan Design, and Technical Landscape Design Involved Tasks: Research, Design Proposal, Master Plan Design, and Landscape Design
RECOVERING LANDFILL
RECOVERING LANDFILL [Design Principles]
Master Plan
PITS ALLOCATION
The landfill site is around18 hectares. Two landfill pits are closed at the top right corner of the site and more pits will be excavated. There is a green belt planted with different trees near the entrance of the sites. Budiya lake water overflows into the site during monsoon season. The middle of the site is currently a natural depression for the lake water. The recovery of the landscape in the Budiya Site requires a amount of earthworks in order to rescue and treat its soil conditions. The proposal use earthworks techniques to shape, thus, the site’s future. Topography, in this sense, becomes not a remedial approach to the site but a design element that takes into account soil’s necessities and more importantly the people that will inhabit the space in the near future. Topography creates differentiation allowing the introduction of a variety of spaces to be created on site.
PITS RECOVERING TECHNICAL PROCESS Step 1
Step 4
Step 2
Step 5
Step 3
Step 6
As part of the soil’s treatment, water excess needs to be clean during the process. The project uses a natural technique, wetland system, to achieve this objective and expands its usage in the site. Wetlands are as well opportunistically used to treat parts of the nearby river ( Tapi River). Thus, the project intends to involve the river as an important asset to the site and as attraction of the area. Similarly to the topographical landscapes the approach is perfomartive and avoids to be a solely aesthetic feature as it will be used as an infrastructure for the facilities within the site while bringing life to a variety of landscapes. Topographies and wetland systems will encourage a number of new environments that will foster a number of activities attracting people to inhabit and use the site: sports, botanical, ecological, public meeting points, commercial and even communal spaces could be created, all of them enjoying a high quality environment and a direct relation to landscapes and water benefits.
Tr uck Turning Point
Soil Movement by Tr uck
PITS RECOVERING LANDSCAPE PROCESS Phase 1
LAND USE
Phase 2
Phase 3
Phase 4
LANDFILL WATER PURIFY WETLAND SYSTEM
RECOVERING LANDFILL [Section Design]
TECHNICAL DETAILS ON TOP OF PITS
RECOVERING LANDFILL [Visualization] WATER RETAINING AREA
EXISTING PITS AREA
AFTER
AFTER
BEFORE BEFORE
EXISTING LANDSCAPE AREA AFTER
BEFORE
PROFESSIONAL WORKS: RECLAIMING AQUATICSCAPES Cooperation with Groudlab Mainly Responded Tasks: Master Plan, Research, Wetland Pool System Design, Landscape Design, and Energy Cycle Design Involved Tasks: Research, Design Proposal, Master Plan Design, Landscape Design, and Aquatic Centre Design
RECLAIMING AQUATICSCAPES
RECLAIMING AQUATICSCAPES: [Analysis and Master Plan] By reclaiming Gunyama’s aquaticscapes, Architecture, landscape, infrastructure and the site’s former swamp conditions seamlessly integrate into a performative cycle of differential environments. This programmatic hybrid aims to fulfill the recreational needs and provide an all-encompassing stimulating and engaging facility for the Green Square community. The project proposes the multiplication of the ground as its core strategy. By placing the sports field in the roof of the aquatic center, the neighborhood gains space for a more generous park area that can be then utilized to treat and collect water. In this way, required programmes multiply their functions and uses while reducing economic cost and maintenance and thus ensuring its economics and social viability. The sports field becomes not only an elevated facility to collectively exercise and play, but a necessary wetland system. It covers indoor sport programmes and provides terraced eye-catching views towards the park landscape and surrounding city. The building’s vertical facades also acquire a double function as terraced seating areas for open air events and access to the sports field. Similarly, the introduction of a wetlands network not only manages the recycling of water from the aquatic center and naturally supports the retention of flash flood events and overland flows in the city, but also recalls the swamp nature of the site to construct its contemporary identity through time and place.
It also connects this intervention to the larger 2km-network of wetlands and parks int eh city. Locally, the proposed wetlands construct the framework of a water ecology ‘Aquaticscapes’ that provides natural chlorine-free ponds as well as recycling devices for the gray water daily usage in the park and center facilities. Additionally, wetlands become a learning center for the awareness of biodiversity and their capacity to build a low cost maintenance infrastructure whilst creating an activities natural environment to meet and relax. The multiplicity integrated in the design proposal facilitates the introduction of locally produced sustainable energy. Solar panels, suited in the fence of the sports field roof top and geothermal energy take advantage of sun radiation and local grounds reducing economics expenditure and encouraging local climatic input. Both water and energy cycles serve as the framework for the design proposal. A main entrance to the aquatic centre in the junction of Zetland Avenue and Joynton Avenue guides the visitors to either the aquatics (wet) or the gym (dry) faculties, The facade towards Zetland Avenue becomes both the ramp to access the sports field roof and the cantilever that relates the building to the avenue. Finally, this multiplied ground allows a clear organization of the park by giving a strong character to each of its components and environments, enhancing overall visibility. It also ensures a hierarchically structured circulation system of easy access and way finding, acting as a connective tissue from the surrounding urban fabric and Green Park development into the park and vice versa. The aquaticscape choreographs direct routes across the park and recreational promenades to encourage social encounters and recreational activities at length and it flied up, bridging the easement, to connect and extend the park into the sports field.
RECLAIMING AQUATICSCAPES: [Aquatic Centre]
RECLAIMING AQUATICSCAPES: [Energy Management Cycle]
RECLAIMING AQUATICSCAPES: [Activities and Visualization]
RESEARCH WORKS CONTENT
FIRESCAPE thesis project for the MA in Landscape Urbanism Architecture Association School of Architecture 2012-2013 TOTTENHAM HALE REDEVELOPMENT cooperation between Arup London and Architectural Association School of Architecture 2013 MESH FABRICATION studio workshop Architectural Association School of Architecture 2012 URBAN CARTOGRAPHY COMPUTING Architecture Association School of Architecture Visiting School in Bilbao Spain 2014
RESEARCH WORKS
RESEARCH WORKS: FIRESCAPE Cooperation with Ayumi Nakagawa Mainly Responded Tasks: Master Plan Design, Local Research, Proposal Drafting, Design Strategy, and Urban Fabrication Design Involved Tasks: Research, Design, Field Trip, Interview to Local Professionals, Authorities and People, and Public Presentation
FIRESCAPE
FIRESCAPE [RESEARCH FOR THE FUTURE PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIAL TOWN] PRECEDENCE OF THE INDUSTRIES’ COMPOSITION FOR FUTURE DAHEJ: CHEMICAL INDUSTRY PARK, SHANGHAI, CHINA Detail study of the industries organisation within the Chemical Industry Park shows that factories that produce lower value product have lager industrial pot, fewer employment, and higher flammability level than factories that produce higher value products. Petrochemical industries can be groups into the following 4 types based on the value of product, size, employment and flammability. This research will be used for quantity control of the master plan design of Dahej.
Type 0 Industry
Type 1 Industry
Type 2 Industry
Type 3 Industry
Hydrocarbon Feedstock
Large Scale Intermediate
Medium Scale Intermediate
Small Scale Intermediate
Building Block
Oil Refinery
Fertiliser
Engineering
Plastic
Chemical
Gas Cracker
BACKGROUND
Typical Industrial City
Industry
Governmental Master Plan on Dahej
City
Industry
Number of Demolishing Village: 40 Relocating Population: 15,000
City
Cities have historically grown exponentially with industrialization; in the “developed” world, they shrank when the secondary sector declined. Compared with the past industrial economies, the next wave of manufacturing will differ greatly. Improvements in productivity and global competition mean a bleak future for large scale, low value-added, routinised production. The era where an assembly plant provided thousands of good jobs at good wages is a thing of the past other than for the lucky few. This posts a question of what need to be done for the future industrial city. One answer is to build a new industrial city focusing on small-scale craft and specialty manufacturing with high value added. Lately, trends emerge that indicate that the age of manufacturing is not over, not even in the United States. New York City recently started a “Made in New York” campaign to emphasize its manufacturing that other cities have since adopted. Meanwhile industrial centres in the “developing” world may leapfrog straight into an era where industrial production can be made sustainable and well- integrated into cities. Because India increasing involve into global economy, global economic fluctuation has increased its impact on the economy and industries in India. According to the cycle of global economic crisis, the frequency of the economic crisis has become more often in this two decades than before. There are 4 major international
ABSTRACT economic crises during 1989-2001, which also affect to the other countries including India. While in the years before 1989, economic crises lasted longer but the global effect is not smaller. For the domestic economic growth in India, the GDP growth is generally increasing over the past 10 years because of the exported oriented industries. However, this means that the domestic economy is more fragile to protect itself from the global crisis. Therefore, the future GDP growth for a newly industrial country like India remains uncertain. India is a diverse country with numbers of nationalities, religions and political parties. Decision making process is influenced by different powers. Similar for the future city proposal, the master plans for the future cities (most of the future townships that under proposed are driven by the growth of industry) are affected by different actors such as foreign investors and private sector to provide financial support for the infrastructure. Government that composited by different political parties could change the direction of the master plan depends on which parties in power. The power for the villagers also affects the process of land acquisition. Even tough the master plan itself is already depends on many actors, the change of relationship and cooperation among those actors makes the process to achieve some visions of future city more complicated and uncertain.
The Firescape project explores the role of fire resistant infrastructure as a mediator to create a time- and space-sensitive model for industrial cities. Based on the specific economic and social situation in India, the Firescape project challenges the boundary between the industry and city, in particular: The Firescape acts as a flexible boundary that negotiates the growth of the industry and city over different stage of industrialization. The Firescape provides more than the safe city environment by separating the potential fire risk of the industry from the urban activities. It also houses public space in order to improve the local worker’s life quality. Taking advantage of the exiting economic and social fabric, the Firescape merges the traditional spatial use to the new created urban area.
FIRESCAPE [Fire-break Landscape Organization] PROPOSED RESIDENTIAL AREA
ESCAPE ROUTES
Connection Level Connection Method
Existing Pond Proposed Residential Area Pond in Proposed Industrial Area Connection Junction in Proposed Industrial Area
Assume that poor connected villages will tend to attach the closest better-connected villages to form village clusters. The area in yellow shows residential area around village clusters as the future residential areas to meet the targeted area for residential landuse and the rest area will be for the industries to develop.
PROPOSED URBAN FABRIC
This drawing is showing the system of escape network from the local refuge area around each pond to the external network through the escape routes.
Width of Fire-proof Streets
Local Escape Facilities Highway & River
Emergency Refuse Area
Type 2 Industry
0.08-0.2
0.2-0.3
0.5-0.8
Type 0 Industry
0.3-0.4
ESCAPE NETWORK
Type 1 Industry
Type 3 Industry
FIRE-BREAK LANDSCAPE ORGANIZATION
Daily Use of Refuse
To provide transportation for industrial material transportation and safety of people, the escape route is located in the future industrial area. Here we try to find the efficient way to connect industrial refuge area to the external network.
Primary Escape Network
Escape Route
Secondary Escape Network
Pond Connection
Thirdly Escape Network
Pond in Proposed Industrial Area Industrial Plot
Proposed Industrial Refuge Area Direct Connection between Ponds
Proposed Fire break Roads for Industries
Breaking down the continuing flammable fabric is a common technique to prevent fire spread in the accidents. Typical example appears in the forest management. A large piece of forest usually is break down by many small pieces to provide access to many locations in the forest for management (plant, trim and harvest). More importantly, when fire happens this breaking down roads help to prevent fire spread from one small piece to the others, therefore, reduce the cost in fire accidents. Firebreaks in the industrial area are used as roads that specifically need to be kept clean and clear in order to prevent fire spread in accidents. First, consider the easy water access of existing water recourse for fire extinguish and people’s safety. Second, the radian layout also serves as a guide for people to escape in the emergency case. The existing ponds in the proposed industrial area can be naturally transform into greeneries for entertainment use for the workers in normal time. During fire emergency, they serve as refuge areas. Their center location in the radiant layout informs the refuge area by the daily use of them as greeneries or daily gathering points.
FIRESCAPE [Evolutionary Fire Buffers] 1. Incremental Growth
2. Steady Growth 2
3
1
3. Increasing Growth
5
4
4. Competitive Growth
Boundary of Expanded Residential Area Boundary of Expanded Industrial Area 5. Linear Growth
Original Boundary
15 Degree Proposed Buffer Residential Area
Landscape Evolution
Buffer Evolution with Industries Berm
Flammable Industry
1% 3%
2% 3%
7% 5%
8%
8% 17%
12%
9%
13%
9% 12%
15%
11%
17%
8%
6%
4% 12%
10% 9%
9%
9%
9%
23%
52% 40%
68%
42%
31%
10%
10%
10%
New Boundary Type 3 Industry Type 2 Industry Type1 Industry Type0 Industry
30 Degree
40 Degree
45 Degree
55 Degree
The industrial types with different requirements on areas, employments, investment, and impact on the environment are significantly effect the city that developed based on the industries. From the research on industrialization and petrochemical industry, we know that types of industries changed over time. In general, industries that produce lower value per products and higher risk to the city (such as type 0 and 1 industry in Dahej) will be replaced by the industries that produce higher value per products and lower risk to the city (such as type 2 and 3 industry in Dahej) as the industries develop to a matured phase. Instead of seeing a city as an object, we see Dahej as a process that driven by the development and changes of the industries. This development and changes are recorded by the fire resisting landscape techniques, which are the berms. Because type 2 and 3 industries required less land and more employment, the total industrial land use will decrease. This abandon industrial lands will be turned into residential development to house more employment in the design. As the boundary of between industrial land use and non-industrial lands use changes over time, new berms will be built to defend the new developed residential area each time this boundary changes. The city landscape records how the industry works with the city, similar to the river pattern records the flooding history of itself. The industries grow from the existing industrial location near the port. Residential clusters near the new development industrial area are full developed. As the growth of the industrial fabric and residential fabric, berms grow when the residential area tough the industrial area in order to prevent fire accident. In Phase 3, the proposal achieves the governmental master plan standard in terms of quantity.
FIRESCAPE [From Fire Buffer to Landscape]
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RESEARCH WORKS: TOTTENHAM HALE REDEVELOPMENT Cooperation between ARUP and the Architectural Association School of Architecture Mainly Responded Tasks: Master Planning, Local Research, and Transportation Network Analysis Involved Tasks: Research, Design, Field Trip, and Public Presentation
TOTTENHAM HALE REDEVELOPMENT
TOTTENHAM HALE REDEVELOPMENT: [Master Plan] EXISTING HUB
EXISTING GREEN NETWORK
POTENTIAL VALLEY CONNECTION IN RELATIONS TO HUB
POTENTIAL VALLEY CONNECTION
PROPOSED NETWORK SYSTEM
PROPOSED REGIONAL LAYOUT
SHORTEST WALK TO CIVIC CENTRE
SHORTEST WALK TO COMMERCIAL CENTRE
SHORTEST WALK TO SPORT FACILITIES
SHORTEST WALK TO GREEN FIELD
SHORTEST WALK TO VALLEY ENTRANCE
The Tottenham Hale Project aims to increase local employment and land value by connecting bike lanes, re-organizing pedestrian paths to create commercial and recreational center for a 1.5-square kilometer neighborhood. By analyzing the network system to the commercial hubs, retail centers, parks and sport facilities, the master plan design strategy is focusing on linking the surrounding pedestrian system and bike lane system to the valley which has great leisure facilities for the residents.
TOTTENHAM HALE REDEVELOPMENT: [Station Area] The building blocks are designed to be sensitive to the level of privacy according different uses of the buildings such as residential building, commercial building and office building. When a building block requires more privacy, the courtyard will be more exclusive and the entrance of the block will be facing the back street; when a building block allows less privacy the courtyard will be more inclusive and the entrance will be facing the main street in order to welcome more people. The tower, which is requested by the client, aims to anchor the redevelopment of the whole area. At the same time, it is designed to be multifunction to fit the surrounding land use. To provide as much green area as possible for better living and working environment, the corner area of the public building blocks are used for greenery.
OFFICES
RETAIL
OFFICES
RESIDENTIAL
RETAIL
TOTTENHAM HALE REDEVELOPMENT: [Reservoir Area]
RESEARCH WORKS: MESH FABRICATION Cooperation with Ayumi Nacagawa Mainly Responded Tasks: Research, Fabrication, and Model Making Involved Tasks: Research, Fabrication, Model Making, and Public Presentation
BRANCHING FABRICATION
URBAN CARTOGRAPHY COMPUTING: [Urban Facilities for Young People]
This exercise experiments the branch system and the fabrication of the geometry by using Grasshopper on Rhinoceros. Through the research, the angles and hierarchies are chosen to create a mesh structure. The mesh aims to experiment how a individual unit geometry is regenerate into a system, which can imply to the design of a urban system. The model further illustrates the elasticity that is created by different heights of the triangles.
Model Dimension: 60 x 30 x 30 Materials: cardboard, plastic board
RESEARCH WORKS: URBAN CARTOGRAPHY COMPUTING Cooperation with a group of the AA Visiting School in Bilbao Mainly Responded Tasks: ArcGIS Data Analysis, Arduino Sensor Recording, and Processing Coding Involved Tasks: Research, Cartography Design, Field Trip, Public Presentation, and Data Analysis
URBAN CARTOGRAPHY COMPUTING
URBAN CARTOGRAPHY COMPUTING: [Urban Facilities for Young People] 1. BOUNDARY OF FACILITY COVERAGE by using Processing
2. RECREATING THE TOPOGRAPHY FOR URBAN ‘PUSHING AND PULLING’ FACILITIES by using Grasshopper on Rhinoceros
3. COVERAGE (1000 m) AND ROUTES TO SCHOOLS by using ArcGIS
4. PROPORTION OF YOUTH LABOR (18 YS TO 40 YS) BY DISTRICTS IN RELATION TO FACILITIES TARGETING YOUTH LABOR by using ArcGIS
URBAN CARTOGRAPHY COMPUTING: [CO2 Analysis]
The cartography shows the CO2 analysis along the River in the city of Bilbao by using Arduino Sensor along the ‘Bilboat’ Trip where the vast post-industrial renew projects are expending as part of the ‘Guggenheim effect’. The recording result reveals that CO2 level is higher wherever the bridges that mainly for car transportation between banks in the renewal industrial areas. However, the old industrial area was recorded low CO2 level because the escalated factories are no longer operating. The screen shots of the video clip at the bottom of the page show the river views and locations in relation to their CO2 level by using Processing.
BIBLIOGRAPHY Fig [1]: https://www.google.co.uk/maps/place/Mayfair,+London/@51.5109 427,-0.1438174,3a,90y,156.77h,92.98t/data=!3m4!1e1!3m2!1siBfatMlAKAgDu_Xm8VKdOg!2e0!4m2!3m1!1s0x487605255643cb2b:0x261185c6bcdb02d2 Fig [2]: https://www.google.co.uk/maps/@51.5091606,0.1444034,3a,90y,51.64h,91.25t/data=!3m4!1e1!3m2!1sJvUVdvo52AzI-GJhxB7VTg!2e0 Fig [3]: http://onlinefast.org/wwutoday/sites/onlinefast.org.wwutoday/files/ imagecache/full/gathering-2.jpg Fig [4]: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Youth-soccer-indiana.jpg Fig [5]: http://www.bioradar.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/ecogym-4. jpeg Fig [6]: http://cache1.asset-cache.net/gc/116475217-olympic-swimming-gettyimages.jpg?v=1&c=IWSAsset&k=2&d=E%2F3qhp4w3IJqoEtIWLXQ%2FyEdGX2WU%2BNESnuIPT08edg%3D Fig [7]: http://www.menslife.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/B116.jpg Fig [8]: http://a.dilcdn.com/bl/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2011/7/natural-swimming-pools-2.jpg Fig [9]: http://www.inspirationgreen.com/assets/images/Blog-Building/ Pools/naturalpool.jpg
Fig [14]: http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2011/03/tianjin-qiaoyuan-park-by-turenscape-landscape-architecture/28-turenscape-landscape-architecture/ Fig [15]: http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2013/03/wijkeroogpark-velsen-by-bureau-bplusb/velsenwijkeroogpark-by-bureau-bb-02/ Fig [16]:http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2012/10/edinburgh-gardens-raingarden-by-ghd-pty-ltd/ Fig [17]: http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2014/01/qunli-national-urban-wetland-by-turenscape/qunli_national_urban_wetland-by-turenscape-landscape_architecture-01/ Fig [18]: http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2013/03/tanner-springs-park-by-atelier-dreiseitl/07_30-min-vacation_c-dreiseitl/ Fig [19]: http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2013/02/victoria-park-public-domain-by-hassell/ Fig [20]: http://nimg.sulekha.com/others/original700/india-transportation-2011-1-2-8-30-15.jpg Fig [21]: http://www.rba.gov.au/publications/bulletin/2005/nov/images/ graph-1105-1-12.gif Fig [22]: http://media.sacbee.com/static/weblogs/photos/images/2012/oct12/ india_land_protest_sm/india_land_protest_10.jpg Fig [23]: http://www.swamiagnivesh.com/Jan%20satyagraha%202012_files/image020.jpg
Fig [10]: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Crown_ Center_Square_Fountain_Kansas_City_MO.jpg
Fig [24]: http://www.cdb.com.cn/WebSite/cdb/UpFile/File1398.jpg
Fig [11]: http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2010/05/water-mirror/021-2-2-2-2-2/
Fig [25]: http://www.arabianoilandgas.com/article-8961-gpca-gcc-petrochemical-industry-to-keep-expanding/#.
Fig [12]: http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2011/03/tianjin-qiaoyuan-park-by-turenscape-landscape-architecture/17-turenscape-landscape-architecture/
Fig [26]: http://www.3drmodels.com/gallery/factory/img/2.jpg
Fig [13]: http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2012/09/bottiere-chenaieeco-district-by-atelier-des-paysages-bruel-delmar/17-a-party-into-the-parc/
Fig [27]: http://www.peterharrison.com.au/_files/custom_aerial_view/6.jpg
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Ada Chang Liu Portfolio | Landscape Urbanism Work Samples from 2012 to 2014