Exploring Lower Don Valley, Sheffield, UK

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EXPLORING LOWER DON VALLEY GROUP 7: NUNNERY SQUARE

ADISH SIDDAPUR MATADA ARC6979 Urban Design Tools and Methods University Of Sheffield School of Architecture


Exploring Lower Don Valley What are the hidden potentials of Sheffield’s Lower Don Valley?

Progress Portfolio This portfolio is a reflection of collective exploration through experimenting specific Urban Design tools based on knowledge acquired at the school though tutorials and presentation. Throughout the six weeks, we used a range of observational and representational methods that enabled us to engage with the site ‘experientially’, ‘reflectively’ and ‘propositionally’ and helped us to think critically, in an embodied way, considering our working propositionally from an early stage.

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Urban Design Tools & Methods ARC6979 (Autumn 2019-20) Exploring Lower Don Valley

Individual Progress Portfolio Situating Gathering Surveying & Mapping Proposing & Communicating Reflecting

Exploring Lower Don Valley

01 Oct 2019 - 07 Oct 2019 08 Oct 2019 - 14 Oct 2019 15 Oct 2019 - 21 Oct 2019 22 Oct 2019 - 04 Nov 2019 05 Nov 2019 - 15 Nov 2019

Nunnery Square

Page 03-11 Page 12-20 Page 21-25 Page 26-32 Page 33-36

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01. SITUATING 01 Oct 2019 - 07 Oct 2019


01. SITUATING 01 Oct 2019 - 07 Oct 2019

Walking - Emotion Mapping Walking - Following

Objective

To use walking as a tool to situate our self on the site. This includes walking in the site with no prior knowledge and motif. Based on the initial observations and inferences, we can move forward in understanding the site further

Critical Discussion on Literature Walking is a practice of our everyday lifeworld, with four valuable and noteworthy facets. First, it is an experience with singular attributes. Second, it is a significant mode of experiencing urban space that nurtures and moderates a sense of place. Third, it is an aesthetic and ‘critical spatial practice’ (Careri, 2002; Rendell, 2006), a form of intervention affecting our relationship with urban places and a means through which these may be discovered and critically engaged with. Fourth, it is a practice with temporal and rhythmical attributes, part of a wide entity composed of multiple patterns of practices and events. These experiences and subconsciously

observed over time and varies based on the level of attachment of the user to the particular context. Emotions play an important part of our daily life, affecting our perception of the world around us. Emotion may be seen as a physiological response to stimuli, which is both mental and physical. Emotion can be interpreted in a variety of ways and relate to a variety of contexts. with the use of this tool we focus upon our emotional response to urban space. There is a complex interplay between emotion, mood, place and space; and while we may feel happy and secure in one place, we might feel worried and unhappy in another.

WUNDERLICH, F.M. (2008). Journal of Urban Design, Vol. 13. No. 1, 125–139, Chamberlain , A. (2013). Sense of Space: Mapping Physiological Emotion Response in Urban Space, Page 2

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T1_1 Situating

Walking- Sense of Space: Mapping Emotions

Cricket Inn Road

Nunnery Square

Woodbourn Road Given Site Boundaries

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Area considered for tool testing

Tool Aim To map emotional experiences of users on different parts of the site and compare with the personal experience map from our initial exercise to validate experience.

Tool Development: - A series of questions related to navigation on site were asked, upon which their landmarks and experiences were noted and mapped. - Users were asked to indicate using a physical map, their emotional attachments and feelings to-wards places on site

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T1_1 Situating

Walking - Sense of Space: Mapping Emotions

Canal A space of peace and tranquility

Round abouts with no pedestrian crossing and signals

Don River Lovely sight and sound of water gushing

Auto and Metal Scrap Yards

Cars parked on footpath. Pedestrians need to walk on road

Canal Crossing Narrow bridge with no pedestrian crossing.

Intimidating Neutral Soothing Personal Experience Mapping; 04 October 2019; 1000hrs - 1400hrs; Weather: Partially cloudy

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T1_1 Situating

Walking- Sense of Space: Mapping Emotions

Case 1: Near Canal - Curious Kidstown

Curious Kidstown Walks around while waiting for kids

Canal

Her Experience/ Emotion Map

The Lady with 2 Young Kids © Crown copyright and database rights 2019 Ordnance Survey (100025252). FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

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Early 30s Commute By Car + Walk the canal Been around 2 years

Case 2: Near Woodbourn Rd Station Suggested Ladmarks in 1mile radius: FlyDSA Arena South Yorkshire Police station Institute of sports Premium Inn Canal front

His Experience/ Emotion Map

Ronney 56 years old Commute By Car Been around 10-12 years (work) © Crown copyright and database rights 2019 Ordnance Survey (100025252). FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

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Most navigations given were in terms of traffic signals and number of cross roads Due to minimum walking experience in the area, he could not define the route in detail

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T1_1 Situating

Walking - Sense of Space: Mapping Emotions

Case 3: Pauls Cars

Micheal 37years old Commute By Car (Navigates with maps) Been around 25+years (work + Stay)

Suggested Ladmarks in 1mile radius:

Her Experience/ Emotion Map

Š Crown copyright and database rights 2019 Ordnance Survey (100025252). FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

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Bedford Steel 1930 Petrol Station (now pauls car) Attercliff

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All navigations given were to stick to motored road Due to minimum / no walking experience in the area, he could not define the routes in detail

Case 4: Near Woodbourn Rd Station

Stuart 64 years old Commute By Car Been around 18-20 years (work)

His Experience/ Emotion Map

Suggested Ladmarks in 1mile radius:

FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

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FlyDSA Arena River Don - People Fishing Waste Disposal area (Scrap yard) Oct 06, 2019 14:22

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Adish Siddapur Matada University of Sheffield

All navigations given were in terms of traffic signals and number of cross roads Due to minimum / no walking experience in the area, he could not define the route in detail

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T1_1 Situating

Walking- Sense of Space: Mapping Emotions

Case 5: UK Hand Wash

Lenard 40-50 years old Commute By Car/ Walk Been around 2 years (work) His Experience/ Emotion Map

Suggested Ladmarks in 1 mile radius:

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Adish Siddapur Matada University of Sheffield

Projection: British National Grid

Canal Front Lumley Street Navigations given were in terms of built forms and natural features Directions given were detailed But knowledge was limited

Conclusion Although users of great attachment to the site were questioned and analysed on, not enough evidence was found to validate the initial personal experience mapping. The tool could have helped gain a lot of information in terms of site context, but due to the lack of pedestrian users on site, this tool Failed. The users previously analysed on, mostly use car as a mode to commute and hence miss out on the minutiae details that tend to attach an individual to a space emotionally. Most places mentioned were popular public spaces away from the site but in close proximity (2 Mile Radius). The users who also walked the areas around the site, were able to metally navigate through spaces and give detailed descriptions. It proved walking as a tool helps subconcious mind to gather more data The tool may prove useful in contexts where the majority of users are pedestrians. To check for the reason behind lack of pedestrians, I followed and later questioned pedestrians at various parts of the site. The Results are T1_2.

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T1_1 Situating Walking - Following

Case 1: Near Special Testing LTD

Work Place

Industrial Worker (4 Years) Late 30s Mode of Transport: Car Doesnt walk the area Was in a hurry to get to shift Comment: Only workshops and warehouses in neighbourhood

1355 hrs Starting next shift (Grabbing a quick smoke)

Case 2: Near GB Housley Car Spares and Scrap

3Miles Away

0.2 Miles Woodbourn Road

1410 hrs End of shift, Heading Home

Industrial Worker (12 months) Early 30s Mode of Transport: Walk + Tram Was in a hurry to get home Comment: Nothing worth experiencing in a 0.5 mile radius

Work Place

Case 3: Nunnery Square Park and Ride (Tram Stop)

Nunnery Square Returning from City Center

Nunnery Square Parking

Employed at City center Early 30s Mode of Transport: Car + Tram Doesnt walk the area

Comment: Drives to station and catches tram

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1630 hrs Got off Tram, Heading Home

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T1_1 Situating Walking- Following

Conclusion As most users on site are to work, not many of them explore the regions around. Most users commute using a car. Others, who use the tram, head straight to work and back. Users using the nunnery square tram, are the ones who use the park and ride option, to park their vehicles at the station and ride the tram to work. These users stay in the suburban areas and find it convenient to ride the tram than to drive to the city. The site consist of multiple auto related spare shops and scrap yards.

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02. GATHERING 08 Oct 2019 - 14 Oct 2019


02. Gathering 08 Oct 2019 - 14 Oct 2019 Remort Sourcing Collecting Traces Interviewing Objective To use the preliminary data collected by remort sourcing and evidences found by collecting traces to understand the usage of the site. To understand the users of the site its uses and their thoughs about it. The interview acts as a validation to all the data collected and analysed.

Research Question Group Question: What influences the Sub Urban Environment? Individual Question: What can be done to Revitalize the canal front?

Critical Discussion on Literature “The `good eye’ pays attention to what it sees as high Art, and refuses to be either methodologi-cally or theoretically explicit. It thus functions as a kind of visual connoisseurship.” In our site, due to lack of users available to interact with, we need to take other measures to analyze and un-derstand the site. As a visual connoisseur, we can roam and collect that may help us meet our objectives. “Visual representations both depend on and produce social inclusions and exclusions, and a critical account needs to address both those practices and their cultural meanings.” We need to try and map both the tangi-ble and intangible

practices that are practiced on the site and its surroundings. “There must be eyes on the street”. There’s a link between the fear of crime, urban design, and incivility. There are reasons for a space being underutilized due to the kind of emotional vibe it gives. Safety could be one of those reasons. We can use this concept to understand reasons for underuse of the canal front on the site.

Gillian Rose, Visual Methodologies: An Introduction to the Interpretation of Visual Materials. London, Thousand Oaks, CA and New Delhi: Sage Kanigel Robert, Eyes on the street: The life of Jane Jacobs. H-Net Book Channel: Vintage.

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T2_1 Gathering Remort Sourcing

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Sheffield Basin Swing Bridge Sheffield Inner Ringroad Bridge Sheffield Victoria Railway Viaduct Cadman Street Bridge 3 Railway Bridge 4 Sheffield Bernard Bridge Lumley St staircase Bacon Lane Bridge

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History The Sheffield and Tinsley Canal was opened in 1819 for the import of coal and the export of steel, Sheffield’s most famous product. Over the water you can see the original Straddle Warehouse and the 19 storage arches, once a hive of industry. Today, the towpath is perfect for a stroll towards Tinsley Lock Flight. Watch the ripples on the water and relax. The Supertram is close by to bring you back again. - canalrivertrust.org.uk

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T2_2 Gathering Collecting Traces

To understand the current use of the canal, traces along the walkway were collected and conclusions were made based on the evidence suggestions. To understand the reason behind the use of space, the recorded traces were also compared with the visual connect of that location on site. These conclusions were later validated by users of the space in the interview section.

Evidences suggesting drinking and smoking

Evidences suggesting Narcotic and substance abuse

Evidences suggesting illegal poaching and scrap hunting

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T2_2 Gathering Collecting Traces

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Graffiti On site, we can observe 2 types of graffiti, one, as a form of art and the other, as a form of revolt or vandalism.

Graffiti as Art Graffiti as vandalism

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T2_2 Gathering Collecting Traces

Found traces of illegal substance use. Evidence suggesting people take shelter under the bridge overnight Also noticed equipment’s for metal scrap hunting and fishing

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Walls have graffiti

Found traces of: Food packets Alcohol bottles Cigarettes Evidence suggests place is used by people to congregate and relax Also noticed people indulging in Marijuana

Found traces of: fishing equipments metal scraps graffiti paint cans Evidence suggests poarching at night times as the area around is dark during those hours

Found traces of: fishing equipments Graffiti on walls

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Based on traces collected, certain regions of the site can be recognized for a certain kind of activity. These activities are mapped and compared with other maps to form a detailed understand of the space and the reason behind its use. Concept: Kanigel Robert, Eyes on the street: The life of Jane Jacobs.

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T2_2 Gathering Collecting Traces

Bern

ard Brid Road ge Areas with visual connectivity The rest of the areas are overlooked by unused buildings or have no visual connect

Visual Factor To understand the reason behind why only certain regions of the canal show evidences of illegal activities, a overlap of the previous maps were done with the visual connectivity map of the site. The result shows, that most illegal activities tool place close to the entry points to the canal, however it was noticed only on the least visually connected areas.

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T2_3 Gathering Interviews

Interviews The Dog Walkers Great place to walk the dog Several illegal activities have been observed The canal front is regularly cleaned by the canal trust foundation Several graffiti artists are encouraged to display their skills by painting the walls here The canal water used to be very polluted and dirty, hence no one ever came here. Now its much cleaner and one can enjoy their time here

The Fishermen Poaching fish is considered illegal in the canal, however fishing as a sport isn’t Varieties of fishes are found here Several people fish for metal scraps from inside the canal People have found safes and other valuables under water that were worth a lot Police divers use the canal to practice diving Occasionally the canal is also used for water related sports like canoeing, kayaking etc

Other Activities observed on site

Cycling

Walking/ jogging

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Fishing

Boating

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T2 Gathering Conclusion

Conclusion

Outcomes from the 2nd weeks tools and methods contradict the results from the week 1 situating results. The assumption of the site being unused was proved wrong. the canal front is being utilized for multiple purposes over different times of the day. This tool helps us conclude the kind of users and the uses of the site based on infomation gained by other sources and by collecting traces. This information is then validated by live users in the informal interactions and interviews on site.

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15 Oct 2019 - 21 Oct 2019

03/04. SURVEYING & MAPPING


03/04. Surveying and Mapping 15 Oct 2019 - 21 Oct 2019 Mapping Urban Forms Objective For the revitalization of the canal front the full potential of the areas around it need to be analyzed. The understand and mapping of built form is essential before we start the process of design. Mapping Urban Forms Identifying the current conditions of the built forms identifying under use and unused built forms This tool will help us identify locations for further urban interventions in the deign process.

Critical Discussion on Literature “[…]an alternate site survey, one which goes beyond the normative model and expands the idea of a survey to cover not just the site but also the programme and the user[...] an alternate form of site survey to augment and complement the normative model, not to replace it.” “Within the spatial practice of modern society, the architect ensconces himself in his own space. He has a representation of this space, one which is bound to graphic elements [...] this conceived space is thought by those who make it to be true.”

Our Site requires an approach where the general public reflects what is required and what isn’t. As they are the users, they are the ones who conceived this space and hence make it to be true. With the help of data collected so far and mapped, interviews of the residents and neighbours is necessary. This will help us gain their perspective which is formulated over years of bonding and connect with the site.

Carolyn Butterworth and Sam Vardy, “Site-Seeing: Constructing the Creative Survey,” Field Journal vol. 2 no. 1 (2008): 125-138.

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T3/4_1 Surveying and Mapping Mapping Urban Forms

Figure Ground Ratio The figure ground ratio helps us understand the built to unbuilt ratio.

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T3/4_1 Surveying and Mapping Mapping Urban Forms

Built Form Condition It is essential to understand the condition of the built form as it helps our decision making to retain or build over certain areas We also observed, Certain buildings not being used due to its dilapidated conditions

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Good condition buildings Poor condition buildings Dilapidated buildings

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T3/4_1 Surveying and Mapping Mapping Urban Forms

Worn- Out Landscape This map helps us identify locations on site that are being utilized as wastelands. These areas are under used and their potential aren’t fully exploited. This map shows us several land parcels capable of potential urban interventions for the revitalizations of the canal front

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22 Oct 2019 - 04 Nov 2019

05/06. PROPOSING & COMMUNICATION


05/06. Proposing & Communicating 22 Oct 2019 - 04 Nov 2019 Participatory - Designing Tool Preparing Communicating - Hosting Event Objective Based on the studies from the previous few weeks, we concluded that the canal front has a lot of untapped potential. Optimizing certain spaces could help solve several issues that are faced in and around the canal front. Understanding the locals perspective can help us understand the issues better and validate our approach towards the revitalization. To involve the locals, an event has to be organised where we encouraged them to come talk to us and share stories and also help validate our understandings in a more detailed approach.

Critical Discussion on Literature “We may not know what the human being is and what the right form of human things would be, but we do know what the human being shall not be and which form of human things is wrong, and only this determinate and concrete knowledge keeps the other, positive, open for us.” The knowledge and experience gained by a human by living and interacting with a space is far more superior than an alien individual. “Taking architecture as an event implies looking at it as an open process. This openness means not merely opening finished objects towards their use, but the openness of the whole process

of design, building and use.” As the future users of the site, people should be allowed to be part of the whole process. This also makes them feel empowered and important. Hosting an event has to be interactive and a two-way knowledge sharing platform. An architect’s role here would be to be “a constant and incisive theoretical and practical exercise of critique; secondly, the production of interfaces or instruments for helping all actors involved to realise their own critical actions on space; and thirdly, any mediation required between the actors themselves and those interfaces or instruments.”

Theodor Adorno, ‘Individuum und Organisation’, in Theodor Adorno, Soziologische Schriften I,(Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 1995), p. 456 MOM Morar de Outras Maneiras, “Architecture as Critical Exercise. Little Pointers Towards Alternative Practices,” in Field vol.2 no.1 (2008): 7-29.

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T5/6 Proposing and Communicating Proposing - Designing Tool

Designing the tool Event: To underrstand the potential of Lower Don Valley from a locals perspective and values associated to spaces

What?

Locals Requirments and needs in terms of Public Infrastructure Emotional attachment to Public Spaces Current Walkability

Where and when?

Sunday: Perfect Weather and ideal in terms of footfall Canal Front: 1030hrs-1300hrs Home Bargains: 1400hrs-1500hrs

How?

Introduce the objective of our event to the participants

Based on discussion

Listen to their Views and Perspective

Public Infrastructure

Allow them to place certain pins/tags on the maps

Public Services

Map their emotional connect to spaces with the help of stickers

Discuss mode of transport and map their transit movements Share our experiences and relate with their views and experiences of the space

Offer a Candy as a token of appreciation

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T5/6 Proposing and Communicating Proposing Design Tool

Preparation For the event, apart from the activity to be heald, certain amount of preparation was need before going to site:

Model:

Made using waste carton boxes Google Maps Landmark Built forms

Pins/ Tags:

Straightened Paper Clips Stickers

Base / Table:

Large Cardboard boxes from the recycle bin

Posters:

Informative Inviting

Banners:

Informative Inviting + Participative

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T5/6 Proposing and Communicating Participatory

On Site: Location 1- Canal Front

Benches Public outdoor gyms Public play area Green Spaces Cafes, pubs, restaurants

Public Infrastructure and Services Participants were asked to mark using a bunch of pre-designed tags in areas that they felt required those particular public infrastructure and services This not only helped us understand the missing infrastructure on the site, but also understand the underused spaces and potential of it.

Nunnery Square

Pubs, cafes, parks can be introduced all along the canal Create a landmark structure Garden Cover/ Green Spaces Running and cycling pathways and space for other physical

Streetlights are missing Signages required Old buildings to be renovated and reused

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Signages required Walking tours can be introduced Shelters for the homeless Resurfacing of path

Lack of safety infrastructure Streetlights at missing Antisocial elements – Drugs Drinking and smoking Prostitution

Potential barriers for transit facilities Garden Cover/ Green Spaces

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T5/6 Proposing and Communicating Participatory

On Site: Location 2- Shopping Center

These commercial facilities help us a lot to make our life convenient Like the canals and architecture of the industrial north

Better standards of living to improve housing conditions

Lack of Play grounds

Lack of Community interaction Spaces Lack of Cafes, Pubs etc

Leisure Spaces

Lack of Community shops and stores

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Lack of Public Spaces: Area doesn’t require new schools and institutes The utilization rate of vacant land is not high

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T5/6 Proposing and Communicating Participatory

Mapping Emotional Connect All participants were asked to mark out parts of the site that they had an emotional connect with.

Positive

Neutral

Negative

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07. REFLECTING 05 Nov 2019 -15 Nov 2019


07. Reflecting 05 Nov 2019 - 15 Nov 2019

Objective

To Reflect on the works done in the last 6 weeks and to come up with a conclusion based on the learning from the it.

Critical Discussion on Literature “Learning is best conceived as a process, not in terms of outcomes.” “The emphasis on the process of learning as opposed to the behavioral outcome distinguishes experiential learning from the idealist approaches of traditional education and from the behavioral theories of learning created by Watson, hull, skinner and others.” Reflecting on the process of work helps improve the experiential learning. Reflecting back helps tract the path and allows one to reanalyze the process. With every session on reflection, one

gains more experience and knowledge through ‘Experiential Learning’. “Experiential learning theory proceeds from a different set of assumption. Ideas are not fixed and immutable elements of thoughts but are formed and re-formed through experience.” The process of reflection includes evaluating and analyzing the path to come to a conclusion. Improving the path based on the conclusion enhances the experiential learning.

David A. Kolb, Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1984)

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Feelings

Evaluation

Initially confused and not confident. Lack of people on site and the single function use was scary. After week 3: Things started to get clearer and substantial data was available Towards the end, more confident about the site in terms of its conditions and requirements

Analysis

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But with help of other tools, managed to collect relevant data. Different tools led us through multiple approaches, all leading to the same or similar conclusions, hence asserting on the same outcome

Conclusion

All tools were multiple approaches to a similar conclusion Using multiple tools helps narrow down conclusion and validate them at the end of the process.

Certain Tools did not work as anticipated. the site condition was not completely favourable.

Engaging with more locals could have given as insight into other issues that we are unaware of More time exploring tools Need to spend more time reading.

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Gathering

Surveying & Mapping

Proposing

Communicating

Week 1

Week 2

Week 3

Week 4

Week 5

Designing Activity to Set up Base

Planned Event

Developing and modifying group and individual questions to make the activity easy to understand.

Designed Props, Models, Posters and Banners for the event

Designing Mapping Tools

Built Form Analysis

Interviews

Interview

Basic Mapping

Photography

Walking

Clarity in current conditions

Individual Research Question

Designing Tools

Designing Tools

Week 6

Formulating Research Question

Walking

Updated Group Question

Conducted Event

Finalizing Site Boundry Individual Conclusions Remort Sourcing

Collecting Traces

Interviews

Individual Conclusions

Group Conclusions

Individually Inferred based on individual research questions from the event

Individual Conclusions

Reflecting

Reflecting

Activities done Individually

Activities done as a Group

Reflecting

Reflecting

Inference/ Conclusions

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REFLECTING

Situating

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