Scoring for Africa A n a lt e r n at i v e g u i d e t o t h e W o r l d C u p 2 0 1 0
1
About this guide
The Secretariat of the Africa Progress Panel has prepared this guide to illustrate key development issues between countries competing in the World Cup.
The selected matches include two games for each of the African teams playing in the group stage, namely:
For each selected game, the guide provides a brief overview of the relationship or “match history” between the competitors identifying “attempts on target” and “attempts off target” from a development perspective. It goes on to present a “game plan” that outlines policy recommendations and possible areas for action.
11/06 22/06
The guide compiles a series of statistics to show how the teams rank in the global tables of economic and social development, women’s empowerment and governance. The indicators and indexes used are:
12/06 22/06
Gross Domestic Product (GDP): IMF World Economic Outlook (2009). Actual and *estimated figures. Life Expectancy: World Bank Database(2008 data) Population: World Bank Database (2008 data) Major Exports: BBC Country Profiles External Debt: World Bank Database External Debt stock total (2008), OECD Central Government Debt stock (2008). Official Development Assistance (ODA): OECD ODA by donor (2009), World Bank Database Net ODA received (2008), OECD ‘non-OECD countries ODA disbursement’ (2008) Education: World Bank Database (2008 and 2009) Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) CO2 Emissions (2005): Freedom: Freedom House Index (2009) % of Parliamentarians that are Women: Inter-Parliamentary Union (2010 data) Human Development Rank: UNDP Human Development Report (2009) Global Competitiveness Rank: World Economic Forum Global Competitiveness Report (2010) Doing Business Rank: World Bank Doing Business Report (2010) Corruption Perception Rank: Transparency International (2009) Environmental Performance Rank: Yale Center for Environmental Law & Policy (2010) Gender Gap Rank: World Economic Forum Gender Gap Report (2009) World Ranking of Women in National Parliaments: Inter-Parliamentary Union (2010 data) FIFA Rank: Cape Town Magazine World Cup Team Profiles (2010)
Group A South Africa – Mexico France – South Africa
(pages 4-5) (pages 6-7)
Group B Argentina – Nigeria Nigeria – South Korea
(pages 8-9) (pages 10-11)
Group C 18/06 England – Algeria 23/06 USA – Algeria
(pages 12-13) (pages 14-15)
Group D 13/06 23/06
Serbia – Ghana Ghana – Germany
(pages 16-17) (pages 18-19)
Group E 14/06 24/06
Japan – Cameroon Cameroon – Netherlands
(pages 20-21) (pages 22-23)
Group G 20/06 Brazil – Côte d’Ivoire 25/06 North Korea – Côte d’Ivoire
(pages 24-25) (pages 26-27)
A summary table with the statistical data for all of the teams playing in the World Cup is also provided. (pages 28-31) And supplementary information including a match calendar and a tournament tree can be found at the end of this guide. (pages 32-33)
22
FOREWORD
Billions of people are excited about the World Cup. So are we – and not just because our two countries are fielding such strong sides. The games are a vast tapestry of colour, noise, talent, competitiveness, sporting suspense and human drama, on and off the pitch. Most of all, they are going to be fun – for the teams, spectators and the whole world, watching or listening live, from cafes, bars, living rooms, public screens and radios, downtown and in the most remote corners of the earth.
Players and fans, whether from Midrand, Manila, Manchester or Montevideo, all understand the importance of fair play and an impartial referee. We passionately believe that this understanding should not be limited to the way countries play, run and score against each other, but also the way they do business and politics with each other; that the spirit of the World Cup should extend into countries’ economic and political relations; that the celebration of our common humanity should not be limited to one month every four years.
The World Cup brings the planet together more effectively than any treaty or convention ever can. It affirms our common humanity, at a time when so much of the news does the opposite. For a moment we can put aside the disasters and wars, prejudice and intolerance. Sport, like music, breaks down barriers, challenging stereotypes. It gets us going, dancing, and celebrating.
In that spirit we hope that this guide will, in a modest way, make you aware of another dimension to the World Cup, and perhaps make it easier for some of the outpouring of goodwill it represents to be channeled towards a fairer world.
The diversity of teams, and the countries they represent, is what makes the World Cup such a great event. The many differences between them matter little once the game has started. But while every team represents the aspirations of millions of their fellow citizens, each has taken a very different journey to get there. The purpose of this guide is to illustrate an aspect of that journey – the widely varying national circumstances of each African team and of the countries they are scheduled to play – in terms of their development, and how they relate to each other. As this guide shows, some countries are relatively rich; others poor. They face common challenges, and struggle with issues that both unite and divide them. We have seen time and again how sport can help overcome the most deep-rooted conflicts and tensions within countries. Here in South Africa, the 1995 Rugby World Cup helped to unify the country and heal the deep scars of the past. Our dream is that sport can bridge gaps and help overcome differences between nations and even continents. For the fact is that many African and developing countries are still at a great disadvantage. They are not being allowed to compete internationally on a level playing field, with an impartial referee and a clear set of accepted rules and regulations. Far from it; in fact, they are being heavily penalized. What would be a scandal in the world of football is still commonplace in the society of nations. They are not responsible for climate change, but are suffering its worst effects, making life much more difficult, unhealthy and dangerous for billions of people. Global rules on trade, technology, finance, migration and copyright make the tasks of growing their economies and fighting poverty, of making sure that everyone has enough to eat and decent healthcare, much more difficult. As a result of unfair rules, meeting the Millennium Development Goals is a much harder struggle that it should be.
3
Kofi Annan Chair, Africa Progress Panel
Didier Drogba UNDP Goodwill Ambassador
GROUP A
SOUTH AFRICA Team Statistics 287.2* 51 years 48,687,000 Gold, diamonds, metals and minerals, cars, machinery
June 11, 2010
SOUTH AFRICA-MEXICO
MEXICO GDP (Billion USD) LIFE EXPECTANCY POPULATION MAJOR EXPORTS
874.9 75 years 106,350,434 Machinery and transport equipment, mineral fuels and lubricants, food and live animals
42 EXTERNAL DEBT 2008 (Billion USD) 204 $1.1 net ODA received
ODA (Billion USD)
$0.15 net ODA received
EDUCATION
70.9%
7.2mt
CO2 EMISSIONS (Metric tons)
4.5mt
Free
FREEDOM
Free
71.9%
44.5% (LH) 29.6% (UH)
(Secondary school net enrollment %)
% OF PARLAMENTARIANS THAT ARE WOMEN
(LH=Lower or single house, UH=Upper house or Senate)
26.2% (LH) 19.5% (UH)
Attempts on target Governance: South Africa and Mexico have much in common. Both are emerging powers, members of the G20, and play a leading role in current climate change negotiations, with Mexico hosting the UNFCCC Sixteenth Conference of the Parties (COP 16) in December 2010, and South Africa hosting the subsequent COP meeting in 2011. In intergovernmental bodies like the UN and its specialized agencies, both countries are valued as constructive members. Bilateral Cooperation: In April 2010, South Africa and Mexico decided to strengthen their ties. Given that they face very similar economic challenges, the countries are now trying to coordinate their recovery strategies and forge new trade alliances to keep their economies afloat (Source: southafricainfo.org). Entrepreneurship: During a period of undersupply in tequila, South African entrepreneurs grasped the opportunity to become the only producers of agave spirits outside of Mexico. While the name “Tequila” is protected under international trade laws and can only be used by Mexico, South African agave spirits, produced in Graaff-Reinet in the Eastern Cape are exported all around the world (Source: South Africa Trade Info). Tourism: Both countries are very popular tourist destinations. Catering to slightly different clienteles, both make use of their long coastlines (9,330km for Mexico and 2,798km for South Africa) and beautiful landscapes to attract growing numbers of visitors. For South Africa’s tourism industry, the World Cup is a major opportunity to draw attention to the country’s beauty and plentiful sights.
Attempts off target
global rankings 83
FIFA (2010)
17
129
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT (2009)
53
45
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS (2010)
60
34
DOING BUSINESS (2010)
51
55
CORRUPTION PERCEPTION (2009)
89
115
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE (2010)
43
6
GENDER GAP (2009)
98
3
WOMEN IN NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS
34
Trade: There is enormous scope for increasing the volume and quality of trade between the two countries. South Africa’s imports from Mexico have grown over the last years, but they still only add up to around 0.3% of its total imports. Similarly, only around 0.3% of South Africa’s exports are going to Mexico, composing barely 0.05% of Mexico’s total imports. (Source: Ministry of Foreign Affairs South Africa) Migration: Migration is a big issue for both South Africa and Mexico. Both face substantial in- and outflows of people in search of better lives. South Africa is a major destination of migrants from across all of Africa, but it is also losing many of its best-educated in a brain-drain. Many Mexicans leave their homes to migrate to other parts of North America, particularly the US where they make up as much as 12% of the total population. Both countries could learn from each others’ experiences, yet current exchanges are scarce. Crime: Both South Africa and Mexico are suffering from high levels of criminal activity, including drugs, kidnappings, murders, theft and rapes. While South Africa has been ranked as the country with the most rapes per capita, Mexico has one of the highest rates of kidnappings in the world and is struggling with drug related violence (Sources: NationMaster Crime statistics, BBC News Country Profiles).
ALSO FAMOUS FOR... Nelson Mandela; 11 official languages; Wine; Truth and Reconciliation Commission – ending Apartheid; Rainbow Nation; Braais; Shaka Zulu
* estimated
Masked wrestlers; The ancient Meso-American ruins (Mayan/Aztec Empires); Tequila and Margaritas; Guacamole; The Sombrero; Cactus; Mariachi bands
4
Game plan
Team up to support African representation in the G20
SOUTH AFRICA
Bafana Bafana
Both countries to develop a position to support LDCs on climate change
romote a to p ue and ic fr A South ialog outh d South-S operation co trade
El Tri
5
MEXICO
Team up for COP 16 and 17
GROUP A
FRANCE Team Statistics 2,675.9 82 years 62,277,432 Machinery and transport equipment, agricultural products, including wine
June 22, 2010
FRANCE-SOUTH AFRICA
SOUTH AFRICA GDP (Billion USD) LIFE EXPECTANCY POPULATION MAJOR EXPORTS
287.2* 51 years 48,687,000 Gold, diamonds, metals and minerals, cars, machinery
1,471 EXTERNAL DEBT 2008 (Billion USD) 42 Donated $12.4 98.3%
ODA (Billion USD) EDUCATION
$1.1 net ODA received 71.9%
(Secondary school net enrollment %)
6.5mt
CO2 EMISSIONS (Metric tons)
7.2mt
Free
FREEDOM
Free
18.9% (LH) 21.9% (UH)
% OF PARLAMENTARIANS THAT ARE WOMEN
(LH=Lower or single house, UH=Upper house or Senate)
44.5% (LH) 29.6% (UH)
Attempts on target Investment: Around 200 French companies have set up businesses in South Africa employing a total workforce of over 30,000. France is strongly involved in the South African energy sector, including through its investment in the Koeberg nuclear power plant, the only nuclear power station in Africa. Further French investments in South Africa include a Nissan-Renault car plant in Rosslyn. (Source: French Ministry of Foreign Affairs) Entrepreneurship: While France is still one of the largest wine producers in the world, South Africa is catching up fast. In 2010, South African wines outsold their French competitors in several markets, including the UK. Since 1994, wine exports from South Africa have increased from 50 million litres to nearly 400 million litres, making the country the world’s 9th largest wine producer. Development Assistance: France is one of the biggest providers of development assistance to South Africa, giving €250 million in 2008 alone. Most of the assistance focuses on improving access to basic services, supporting growth and creating jobs. Security: The French maritime gendarmerie supports the development of the sea borderline control of the South African police through regular workshops in South Africa, officer training courses in France and technical capacity building. Health: South Africa is in the midst of an immense increase in testing, treating and preventing HIV/AIDS – an effort that the UN has stated as the largest and fastest expansion of AIDS services ever attempted by any nation. In March 2010 the government had already enabled 519 hospitals and clinics to dispense AIDS medicines, and trained hundreds of nurses prescribing drugs. The efforts also include a campaign to test 15 million of the country’s 49 million people for HIV by June 2011. (Source: The New York Times 2010)
Attempts off target
global rankings 9
FIFA (2010)
83
8
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT (2009)
129
16
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS (2010)
45
31
DOING BUSINESS (2010)
34
24
CORRUPTION PERCEPTION (2009)
55
7
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE (2010)
115
18
GENDER GAP (2009)
6
66
WOMEN IN NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS
3
Development Assistance: France is off track to meet its 2010 Gleneagles commitments. So far, France has only achieved 7% of its promised increase in ODA to Sub-Saharan Africa from the baseline of $3.19 billion in 2004 to $8.27 billion in 2010 (in 2009 prices). (Source: ONE Data Report 2009) Trade: The EU has offered South Africa preferential Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs). South Africa is opposing the EPAs in their current form because of concerns that they undermine regional integration in the SADC region (Source: ONE Data Report 2009). Unfulfilled Promises: In a speech before the South African parliament in 2008, French President Nicolas Sarkozy announced far-reaching changes to France’s Africa policy. Amongst other things, he promised to mobilize €2.5 billion in new investments in sub-Saharan Africa over the following five years, renegotiate all bilateral defense agreements, and make French Africa policy more transparent. As of now, many of the President’s promises remain unfulfilled. (Source: The New York Times 2008) Doha Development Round: The world’s major economies, including France, have continuously committed themselves to completing the Doha Development Rounds (which started in 2001), but have thus far failed to do so. The goal of the Doha Rounds is to lower trade barriers around the world, allowing for an increase in global trade – including with the developing world.
ALSO FAMOUS FOR... Wine & Cheese; Suppositories; Industrial action (strikes); Crise de foie; Napoleon; Guillotine; Charles de Gaulle; Carla Bruni-Sarkozy; Frog legs; Perfumes
* estimated
Nelson Mandela; 11 official languages; Wine; Truth and Reconciliation Commission – ending Apartheid; Rainbow Nation; Braais; Shaka Zulu
Fouls Agricultural Subsidies: The EU is the world’s largest subsidiser of the agricultural sector, spending more than 40% of its 2010 budget (€60 billion) on agricultural subsidies through its Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). France is one of the main beneficiaries of the CAP, and historically has not been in favour of reforming it, even though these subsidies hurt African farmers, particularly in food exporting countries like South Africa. (Source: EU budget 2010) 6
Game plan
FRANCE
France n ODA c eeds to hon or its ommit ments
Les Bleus
e â‚Ź2,5 ble for th ccounta rkozy in 2008 a e c n hold Fra dent Sa frica to by Presi South A illion promised b
Both countries to strengthen trade relations
7
Bafana Bafana
the to te a u trib Doh on e o c of th unds t ce tion t Ro n a n le Fr me mp co elop v De
SOUTH AFRICA
f
o vision r EU re are fo h s u to p that France ral subsidies d ltu an u a c ri ic g fr a A South ent hurting f the contin o t s the re
GROUP B
ARGENTINA Team Statistics 310.1 75 years 39,882,980
June 12, 2010
Food and live animals, mineral fuels, cereals, machinery
GDP (Billion USD) LIFE EXPECTANCY POPULATION MAJOR EXPORTS
173.4* 48 years 151,212,254 Petroleum, petroleum products, cocoa, rubber
128.3 EXTERNAL DEBT 2008 (Billion USD) 11.2 $0.13 net ODA received
ODA (Billion USD)
$1.3 net ODA received
EDUCATION
25.8%
4.6mt
CO2 EMISSIONS (Metric tons)
1.8mt
Free
FREEDOM
79.4%
38.5% (LH) 35.2% (UH)
(Secondary school net enrollment %)
% OF PARLAMENTARIANS THAT ARE WOMEN
(LH=Lower or single house, UH=Upper house or Senate)
Partly free 7.0% (LH) 8.3% (UH)
global rankings 7
FIFA (2010)
21
49
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT (2009)
158
85
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS (2010)
99
118
DOING BUSINESS (2010)
125
106
CORRUPTION PERCEPTION (2009)
130
70
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE (2010)
153
24
GENDER GAP (2009)
108
11
WOMEN IN NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS
119
ALSO FAMOUS FOR... Tango; Mate; The ‘hand of god’ World Cup 1986; River Plate; The Malvinas; Cattle; Patagonia; Evita Peron; La Pampa; Shrinks; Malbec
* estimated
ARGENTINA-NIGERIA
NIGERIA
Attempts on target Governance: Both Argentina and Nigeria are active members of the G15, a group of developing countries that seeks to foster South-South cooperation and promote reform in the global trade system. They are also members of the G24, a group of countries working to ensure that their interests are adequately represented in international monetary and development finance fora. Trade: Between 1999 and 2007, Argentinean exports to Nigeria, consisting mainly of wheat, fuels and milk, grew by 569% but still only represent 3.8% of Argentina’s total exports. Nigerian exports to Argentina are 99% fuel. (Source: Intercambio Comercial Argentina – Nigeria, Fundación Export.AR. 2009) Investment: The Nigerian National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) has partnered with Argentina’s Food and Drug Regulatory Authority to promote trade and investment between the countries. Argentina has been encouraging industrialists and businessmen to invest in pharmaceutical, food, beverage and allied industries in Nigeria. The NAFDAC is also in the forefront of forming a global drugs anti-counterfeiting network, a coalition of which Argentina is part of. (Source: NBF Topics “Nigeria, Argentina to collaborate on trade, investment promotion” 2009) Development Assistance: Having joined the African Development Bank as early as 1985, Argentina has recently begun to provide technical assistance to African countries including Nigeria, most notably in the agro-industry and agricultural development sector.
Attempts off target Trade: There is significant potential for more and better trade between the two countries, particularly with respect to wheat and oil where comparative advantages remain underutilized. At the same time, there is great need to diversify away from overdependence on these two commodities. Development: Nigeria’s oil wealth and business dynamism have not yet translated into social progress and sustainable economic development for its people. Nigeria has the lowest life expectancy and secondary school enrollment rate of all countries competing in the 2010 World Cup. It also has the lowest female representation in Parliament in both Lower or Single House and Upper House or Senate (Sources: Human Development Report 2009, Inter-Parliamentary Union 2010).
Fouls Defaulted Loans: In December 2001, Argentina defaulted on its $132 billion debt, at the time the world’s largest default. This default caused a state of emergency, a run on local banks, a financial crisis and has increased the risk of lending to Argentina. Argentina has since restructured its debt, and is no longer in arrears. In contrast, in 2006, Nigeria paid back $12.4 billion of its debt to the Paris Club loans, in exchange for the remainder of its $30 billion official debts being written off. (Source: BBC News)
Nollywood; Highlife music; 419 Email Scams; Oil; River pirates; Chinua Achebe; Bakassi Peninsula; Wole Soyinka; Fela Kuti
8
Game plan
Argentin a to pro vide Nig technic eria with al assista nce on learned lessons for agric ultural d evelopm ent
NIGERIA
9
The Super Eagles
Both of the countries need to diversify their trade between them beyond oil imports and exports
ARGENTINA
LOS Albicelestes
for into revenue te its wealth e la bl ns na tra ai st to s su ss and Nigeria need social progre people its r fo t investment in en velopm economic de
GROUP B
NIGERIA Team Statistics 173.4* 48 years 151,212,254
June 22, 2010
Petroleum, petroleum products, cocoa, rubber
11.2 $1.3 net ODA received 25.8%
GDP (Billion USD) LIFE EXPECTANCY POPULATION MAJOR EXPORTS
832.5 80 years 48,607,000 Electronic products, machinery and transport equipment
EXTERNAL DEBT 2008 (Billion USD) 236.9 ODA (Billion USD)
Donated $0.82
EDUCATION
96.4%
CO2 EMISSIONS (Metric tons)
10.3mt
(Secondary school net enrollment %)
1.8mt Partly free 7.0% (LH) 8.3% (UH)
FREEDOM % OF PARLAMENTARIANS THAT ARE WOMEN
Free 14.7% (LH)
(LH=Lower or single house, UH=Upper house or Senate)
Attempts on target Investment: Since 1980, Nigeria and South Korea have fostered close collaborative ties, especially through South Korean investments in the areas of resource development and construction. A bilateral investment treaty was signed in 1997. South Korean businesses are building liquefied natural gas plants and crude oil transportation and storage facilities. In construction, the orders received by South Korean companies in 2008 reached $6.3 billion accounting for over 65% of total orders from African countries. (Source: Government of South Korea) Trade: Trade between Nigeria and South Korea has been on a steady rise, totaling $2.65 billion in 2008. As a result, Nigeria has emerged as South Korea’s third largest trading partner in Africa. South Korea is Nigeria’s fourth largest trading partner. (Source: The Embassy of the Republic of Korea in Nigeria) Development Assistance: South Korea has successfully transformed itself from an aid-recipient to a donor country. An estimated 13% of South Korea’s ODA is going to Africa, and it has provided a total of $28 million to Nigeria, supporting projects related to agricultural processing and vocational training. South Korea has also begun to share some of its remarkable development experience with Nigeria, including lessons on food security, low-carbon growth, and government efficiency. (Source: Foreign Ministry of South Korea) Green Growth: In February 2010, South Korea announced that it will spend $84.5 billion or 2% of its annual GDP over the next five years on environment-related industries. (Source: Government of South Korea)
Attempts off target
global rankings
Investment: Although Nigeria is keen to attract further foreign direct investment from South Korea, particularly in the area of information and communication technology, security concerns, high levels of corruption, unreliable energy sources and lack of transparent governance impair prospects.
21
FIFA (2010)
47
158
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT (2009)
26
99
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS (2010)
19
125
DOING BUSINESS (2010)
19
130
CORRUPTION PERCEPTION (2009)
39
153
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE (2010)
94
108
GENDER GAP (2009)
115
Fouls
119
WOMEN IN NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS
82
Corruption: Corruption is a problem for both countries, albeit to very different degrees. While corruption is endemic in Nigeria, it is much more localized in South Korea. Nonetheless, there have been a series of high-profile fraud and corruption cases in the latter, most notably against the founder of Daewoo as well as the Chairman of Samsung.
ALSO FAMOUS FOR... Nollywood; Highlife music; 419 Email Scams; Oil; River pirates; Chinua Achebe; Bakassi Peninsula; Wole Soyinka; Fela Kuti
* estimated
NIGERIA-SOUTH KOREA
SOUTH KOREA
Samsung; Albert HUBO; Taekwondo; Tofu; Going from a developing country to a developed/ donor country (OECD-DAC member); Kim-chi (cabbage)
Development: Despite enormous resource wealth and some improvements, Nigeria remains off target to meet the Millennium Development Goals on eradicating extreme poverty and hunger and improving health and education services. (Source: MDG Monitor) Maternal Mortality: Nigeria suffers from one of the highest rates of maternal mortality in the world. A woman in Nigeria is almost 70 times more likely to die as a result from child birth than her South Korean counterpart. (Source: WHO World Health Statistics 2010)
10
Game plan
11
Taeguk Warriors
Both countries need to crack down on corruption
south korea
ve its to impro nment o Nigeria ir v ent en investm
NIGERIA
d ify an divers igeria o t a Kore t in N South investmen s it e s increa
The Super Eagles
Green are the should sh el and make a re o K od South ica ment m le to Afr develop availab s ie Growth g lo o its techn
GROUP C
ENGLAND Team Statistics 2,183.6 80 years 61,414,062
June 18, 2010
Manufactured goods, chemicals, foodstuffs
1,225.1 Donated $11.5 91.3%
GDP (Billion USD) LIFE EXPECTANCY POPULATION MAJOR EXPORTS
140.8* 72 years 34,373,426 Oil, gas
EXTERNAL DEBT 2008 (Billion USD) 5.5 ODA (Billion USD)
$0.32 net ODA received
EDUCATION
66.3%
9mt
CO2 EMISSIONS (Metric tons)
2.9mt
Free
FREEDOM
(Secondary school net enrollment %)
19.5% (LH) 20.1% (UH)
% OF PARLAMENTARIANS THAT ARE WOMEN
(LH=Lower or single house, UH=Upper house or Senate)
Not free 7.7% (LH) 5.1% (UH)
global rankings 8
FIFA (2010)
30
21
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT (2009)
104
13
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS (2010)
83
5
DOING BUSINESS (2010)
136
17
CORRUPTION PERCEPTION (2009)
111
14
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE (2010)
42
15
GENDER GAP (2009)
117
62
WOMEN IN NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS
116
ALSO FAMOUS FOR... Lack of written constitution; Gleneagles; Shakespeare; Churchill; Eddie the Eagle; Warm beer; Mind the Gap; Left hand drive; Fish and chips; Alexander Flemming; James Bond
* estimated
ENGLAND-ALGERIA
ALGERIA
The Sahara desert; Their independence struggle; Tuareg; Corsairs; Couscous; Bazaars; Ahmed Ben Bella; Cheb Mami; Saint Augustine of Hippo
Attempts on target Trade: Bilateral trade between Algeria and the UK continues to grow with UK exports to Algeria reaching £268 million in 2008. Concerns about the reliability of gas supplies from Russia have increased Algeria’s strategic importance to gas importers like the UK. (Source: UK Foreign and Common Wealth Office) Investment: The UK is the largest foreign investor in Algeria and particularly interested in the country’s oil and gas sectors. UK businesses are also involved in nickel mining, agricultural machinery, pharmaceuticals, power supply and tourism. (Sources: UK Foreign and Common Wealth Office, UK Trade and Investment) Security: Algeria has become an important ally of the UK in its fight against Islamist militancy. In December 2009 both countries agreed to further deepen security cooperation particularly in the areas of intelligence exchange and counter-terrorism training. (Source: Africa Confidential) Technical Cooperation: The number of technical and scientific cooperation agreements between the two countries is increasing fast. The British National Space Centre, for example, has signed a memorandum of understanding with the Algerian Space Agency pledging assistance to support the development of Algeria’s space industry, particularly in the areas of telecommunications and earth observation. Algeria’s first satellite, which was launched in 2002, was built under a technology transfer programme in Surrey, England. Climate Change: Algeria was the lead negotiator for the Africa Group at the COP15 Copenhagen Climate Change Summit in December last year. The government of Gordon Brown was very supportive of the Africa Group Group’s common position on climate change and coordinated its position closely with Algeria.
Attempts off target Governance: In 2008, Algeria’s President Abdelaziz Bouteflika changed the constitutional two-term limit so that he could run for a third five year term – which he did successfully. The UK and other major partners have failed to speak out against this.
Fouls Human Rights: Critics claim that both governments tolerate human rights abuses and even torture by officials in their joint counter-terrorism efforts. The UN Committee against Torture has called on both governments to combat impunity, investigate all past and present cases of torture, and ensure that antiterrorism measures comply with international human rights standards. Investment: New Algerian policies have significantly worsened the environment for foreign businesses and investors. There has been a marked change in policy since July 2008, with the imposition of a tougher tax regime, ceilings on foreign ownership and a raft of measures that make it harder to import goods into Algeria. (Source: Economist Intelligence Unit) Agricultural Subsidies: The EU is the world’s largest subsidiser of the agricultural sector, spending more than 40% of its 2010 budget (€60 billion) on agricultural subsidies through its Common Agricultural Policy. These subsidies hurt Algerian farmers and the Algerian agricultural sector which makes up an estimated 10% of the country’s GDP and employs between 15-20% of its population. (Sources: International Labour Office LABORSTA 2010, ONE Data Report 2009)
12
Game plan The Three Lions
ENGLAND
Les Fennecs
ALGERIA
Both countries to honor their international obligations and respect human rights, including the UN Convention against Torture
UK to p agric ush for EU ultura revisio l subs are h idies t n of ur ha farme ting Alger ia an t rs d its
rt po sup n i a t e ain imat nd to m a’s cl ion a K t U fric osi s to A nge p need a g h n i c c n fina
Algeria to
13
improve in vestment e nvironmen and streng t then gove rnance
GROUP C
USA Team Statistics 14,256.3
GDP (Billion USD)
78 years
LIFE EXPECTANCY
June 23, 2010
304,060,000 Computers and electrical machinery, vehicles, chemical products, food and live animals, military equipment and aircraft 5,820.5 Donated $28.7 88.2%
POPULATION MAJOR EXPORTS
140.8* 72 years 34,373,426 Oil, gas
EXTERNAL DEBT 2008 (Billion USD) 5.5 ODA (Billion USD)
$0.32 net ODA received
EDUCATION
66.3%
CO2 EMISSIONS (Metric tons)
2.9mt
(Secondary school net enrollment %)
19.4mt Free 16.8% (LH) 15.3% (UH)
FREEDOM % OF PARLAMENTARIANS THAT ARE WOMEN
(LH=Lower or single house, UH=Upper house or Senate)
Not free 7.7% (LH) 5.1% (UH)
global rankings 14
FIFA (2010)
30
13
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT (2009)
104
2
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS (2010)
83
4
DOING BUSINESS (2010)
136
19
CORRUPTION PERCEPTION (2009)
111
61
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE (2010)
42
31
GENDER GAP (2009)
117
74
WOMEN IN NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS
116
ALSO FAMOUS FOR... Barack Obama; George Washington; Martin Luther King; American Idol; We have lift off; McDonald’s; American football, basketball and baseball; Halloween; Hip-hop and rap; Have a Nice Day; Michael Jackson
* estimated
USA-ALGERIA
ALGERIA
The Sahara desert; Their independence struggle; Tuareg; Corsairs; Couscous; Bazaars; Ahmed Ben Bella; Cheb Mami; Saint Augustine of Hippo
Attempts on target Trade: Algeria is the largest trading partner of the United States in North Africa and the second largest in the Arab world and Africa as a whole. Algeria’s volume of trade with the US went from $3.3 billion in 2002 to over $20 billion in 2008. In 2006, Algeria was designated a beneficiary country for duty free treatment under the United States’ General System of Preferences (GSP). In 2010, the first ever official US government trade delegation visited Algeria to discuss further trade opportunities. (Source: Algerian Embassy in the US) Investment: Algeria is among the largest recipients of US investments in the hydrocarbon sector. With Algeria currently covering 5% of US oil needs and with plans to increase that share to 20% by 2015, Algeria is bound to receive an even greater share of US investments in the near future. There are also some efforts underway to diversify US investment in Algeria. (Source: Algerian Embassy in the US) Security: Since September 2001, security relations between the USA and Algeria have intensified, particularly in the area of military training, intelligence exchange, and counter-terrorism. In December 2009, the two countries reached a $2-3 billion arms supply deal. (Source: Africa Confidential, Economist Intelligence Unit)
Attempts off target Investment: Algeria is still perceived as a difficult market for foreign investors. Also, there has been a marked change in policy towards foreign investors since July 2008, with the imposition of a tougher tax regime, ceilings on foreign ownership and a raft of measures that make it harder to import goods into Algeria. Doha Development Round: The world’s major economies, including the US, have continuously committed themselves to completing the Doha Development Rounds (which started in 2001), but have thus far failed to do so. The goal of the Doha Rounds is to lower trade barriers around the world, allowing for an increase in global trade – including with the developing world.
Fouls Human Rights: Critics claim that both governments tolerate human rights abuses and even torture by officials in their joint counter-terrorism efforts. The UN Committee against Torture has called on both governments to combat impunity, investigate all past and present cases of torture, and ensure that antiterrorism measures comply with international human rights standards. Governance: In 2008, Algeria’s President Abdelaziz Bouteflika changed the constitutional two-term limit so that he could run for a third five year term – which he did successfully. The USA has not spoken out against this. Agricultural Subsidies: According to the OECD, the US spent approximately $31.6 billion in subsidies to support its farmers in 2007. A recent opportunity to reform the Farm Bill in order to make it less damaging to African farmers was missed. (Source: ONE Data Report 2009) CO2 Emissions: Algeria is contributing only 0.32% to the world’s yearly CO2 emissions, while the US contributes nearly 16%, making it the world’s second largest carbon emitter after China. Historically, Africa has contributed the least to total greenhouse gas emissions, yet the continent, and particularly already arid countries like Algeria, are projected to be hit hardest by climate change. (Source: Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT)
14
Game plan
US to co comp ntribute to letion the of Develo pmen the Doha t Roun ds
USA
ce rnan ove nment g e v iro pro env to im siness ia r u Alge and b
The Stars & Stripes
Th e de US mo to cra stre cy ngt ele he me n th nts e d of eve its se lopm cu rity ent po and lic ies
lop a more US to deve nge limate cha c s u ambitio coherent re o m is t a position th 2 vel, emission le with its CO ge n a h climate c to deliver rt o p p su to and nge financing a h c te clima the African position
ies
15
ALGERIA
Both countries to honor their international obligations and respect human rights, including the UN Convention against Torture
Les Fennecs
ubsid ural s ricult ers g a s farm ve it remo frican ise or n and A v e r US to rt Algeria hu that
GROUP D
SERBIA Team Statistics 42.9*
GDP (Billion USD)
74 years
LIFE EXPECTANCY
7,350,221
POPULATION
Manufactured goods, food and live animals, machinery and transport equipment
June 13, 2010
SERBIA-GHANA
GHANA
30.9 $1 net ODA received 89.6%
MAJOR EXPORTS
15.5 57 years 23,350,927 Gold, cocoa, timber, tuna, bauxite, aluminium, manganese ore, diamonds
EXTERNAL DEBT 2008 (Billion USD) 5 ODA (Billion USD)
$1.3 net ODA received
EDUCATION
46.4%
4.7mt
CO2 EMISSIONS (Metric tons)
0.4mt
Free
FREEDOM
Free
(Secondary school net enrollment %)
21.6% (LH)
% OF PARLAMENTARIANS THAT ARE WOMEN
8.3% (LH)
(LH=Lower or single house, UH=Upper house or Senate)
global rankings 15
FIFA (2010)
32
67
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT (2009)
152
93
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS (2010)
114
88
DOING BUSINESS (2010)
92
83
CORRUPTION PERCEPTION (2009)
69
29
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE (2010)
109
GENDER GAP (2009)
80
WOMEN IN NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS
112
No Data 54
Attempts on target Security: Serbia used to be one of the biggest exporters of arms to countries in Africa, but since 2005 has begun to apply stricter arms sales control. (Source: Associated Press Worldstream) Investment: Over the last couple of years, both Ghana and Serbia have implemented a series of regulatory reforms that have significantly improved their business and investment environments. Ghana actively promotes investment opportunities for Serbian companies in a broad range of sectors such as cotton and textile, agro-processing, floriculture, transport services, beauty products, property development and electronics. (Source: World Bank Doing Good Business Report 2010) Bilateral Relations: Serbia has inherited good relations with African countries from its Yugoslav days There is however great potential for development of these ties. The planned visit of the Serbian President to Ghana in late 2010 will be a good opportunity for both sides to renew cooperation. Both countries have already signed a number of treaties and agreements, including a double taxation agreement. (Source: Ghanaian Embassy Belgrade) Scholarships: Building on Yugoslavia’s tradition of inviting students from allied countries to study at its national universities, the Serbian government recently awarded five scholarships to students from Ghana as part of its programme “World in Serbia – one hundred scholarships for the students from the nonaligned movement countries”.
Fouls Illicit Trade: In spite of efforts to stop the trade of illicit arms, Serbia continues to be one of the main sources of illicit arms transfers to Africa, including to Ghana. (Source: Matt Schroeder, Guy Lamb “The illicit arms trade in Africa”)
ALSO FAMOUS FOR... Rakija, Plum Brandy; Raspberries; Opanak, the traditional shoe; Gavrilo Princip; Emir Kusturica; Josip Broz Tito; Basketball; Ivo Andric; Jelena Jankovic, Novak Djokovic and Ana Ivanovic; Ethno tourism; Guca festival; Goran Bregovic
* estimated
Kofi Annan; Its gold; Kente cloth; Cocoa; African independence; Ashanti; Kwame Nkrumah
16
Game plan
SERBIA
Beli Orlovi
benefits of Ghana to maximize h Serbia wit e ng ha training exc
ional s a reg s role a it layer p in g ta to main peace-keepin a n a h G
l
contro
17
GHANA
The Black Stars
to asures her me frica rt fu e est A to tak Serbia s export to W n o p a we
GROUP D
GHANA Team Statistics 15.5 57 years 23,350,927 Gold, cocoa, timber, tuna, bauxite, aluminium, manganese ore, diamonds
June 23, 2010
GHANA-GERMANY
GERMANY
5 $1.3 net ODA received 46.4%
GDP (Billion USD) LIFE EXPECTANCY POPULATION MAJOR EXPORTS
3,352.7 74 years 82,110,097 Motor vehicles, electrical machinery, metals
EXTERNAL DEBT 2008 (Billion USD) 1,347.9 ODA (Billion USD)
Donated $12
EDUCATION
100.6% (gross)
(Secondary school net enrollment %)
0.4mt
CO2 EMISSIONS (Metric tons)
10mt
Free
FREEDOM
Free
8.3% (LH)
% OF PARLAMENTARIANS THAT ARE WOMEN
(LH=Lower or single house, UH=Upper house or Senate)
32.8% (LH) 21.7% (UH)
global rankings 32
FIFA (2010)
6
152
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT (2009)
22
114
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS (2010)
7
92
DOING BUSINESS (2010)
25
69
CORRUPTION PERCEPTION (2009)
14
109
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE (2010)
17
80
GENDER GAP (2009)
12
112
WOMEN IN NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS
17
Attempts on target Development Assistance: Ghana is a solid partner for German development cooperation. Since 1961, Germany has granted over €1 billion in development assistance to Ghana. In 2008 alone, €53 million were pledged for projects in the priority areas of agriculture, decentralization and private sector development. (Source: German Ministry of Foreign Affairs) Debt Cancellation: Germany has cancelled 100% of bilateral debt owed by the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC), which includes €270 million owed by Ghana. (Source: ONE Data Report 2009) Trade: Having a long history of trade relations, both countries are aiming to increase the total trade volume to €500 million this year. Germany is Ghana’s fifth largest supplier and seventh most important export destination. Ghana’s exports to Germany are dominated by three traditional export goods: cocoa, gold, and timber. Recently, aluminum and fruits such as pineapple and pawpaw have begun to make up a larger part of Ghanaian exports to Germany as non-traditional exports from Ghana gain acceptance in German markets. (Source: German Embassy Accra) Tourism: After the UK, Germany is the most popular travel destination for Ghanaians, partly due to the more than 50,000 Ghanaians currently living in Germany. (Source: German Ministry of Foreign Affairs)
Attempts off target Development Assistance: Despite significant and laudable increases in development assistance Germany remains off track to meet its 2010 Gleneagles target; it has so far achieved only 31% of its committed ODA increase promised by 2010. To deliver on these commitments, Germany needs to increase ODA to SubSaharan Africa from the baseline $2.7 billion in 2004 to $6.9 billion in 2010 (in 2009 prices). Reaching the 2010 target is not impossible, but will require rapid increases in the remaining budget cycle. (Source: ONE Data Report 2010) Doha Development Round: The world’s major economies, including Germany, have continuously committed themselves to completing the Doha Development Rounds (which started in 2001), but have thus far failed to do so. The goal of the Doha Rounds is to lower trade barriers around the world, allowing for an increase in global trade – including with the developing world.
Fouls Agricultural Subsidies: Despite recent reports on potential improvements in Ghana’s access to EU markets, EU agricultural subsidies continue to hit Ghana hard. As a key member of the EU and net contributor to its Common Agricultural Policy, Germany has a special responsibility to push for a reduction of harmful tariffs and subsidies in the agricultural sector.
ALSO FAMOUS FOR... Kofi Annan; Its gold; Kente cloth; Cocoa; African independence; Ashanti; Kwame Nkrumah
Kraftwerk; October fest; Mercedes-Benz; Bismarck; Goethe; Marlene Dietrich; Weltanshauung; Albrecht Dürer; Vorsprung durch Technik; No speed limit; The Berlin Wall
18
Game plan
19
GERMANY
Germany to use its influence to revise or remove agricultural subsidies that hurt Ghana and its farmers
GHANA
s e enue s rev urces ar it t a o s h s t d e r o e l r ensu lic go atura na to d other n ed in pub a h G t oil an inves from red and u capt rvices se and
Die Mannschaft
Germany to contribute to the complet ion of the Doh a Developmen t Rounds
Ghana to strengthe n impleme ntation o f financia transpare l ncy and accounta commitm bility ents
The Black Stars
its or nts n ho me to mit y an om m c er A G OD
, an companies sure that Germ s itie tiv ac pt rru Germany to en ge in co s, do not enga such as Siemen
GROUP E
JAPAN Team Statistics 5,068.1 83 years 127,704,000
June 14, 2010
Vehicles, computer parts, chemicals, scientific instruments and watches 8.5 Donated $9.5 98%
GDP (Billion USD) LIFE EXPECTANCY POPULATION MAJOR EXPORTS
22.2* 51 years 19,088,385 Crude oil and petroleum products, timber, cocoa, aluminium, coffee, cotton
EXTERNAL DEBT 2008 (Billion USD) 2.8 ODA (Billion USD) EDUCATION
$0.52 net ODA received 37.3% (gross)
(Secondary school net enrollment %)
9.9mt
CO2 EMISSIONS (Metric tons)
Free
FREEDOM
11.3% (LH) 17.4% (UH)
% OF PARLAMENTARIANS THAT ARE WOMEN
4.3mt Not free 13.9% (LH)
(LH=Lower or single house, UH=Upper house or Senate)
global rankings 45
FIFA (2010)
19
10
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT (2009)
153
8
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS (2010)
111
15
DOING BUSINESS (2010)
171
17
CORRUPTION PERCEPTION (2009)
146
20
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE (2010)
133
101
GENDER GAP (2009)
118
96
WOMEN IN NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS
86
ALSO FAMOUS FOR... Sushi; Sumo wrestling; Its camera tooting tourists; Karaoke; Mount Fuji; Whale meat; Samurai warriors; Judo & Karate; Bonsai trees; Anime
* estimated
JAPAN-CAMEROON
CAMEROON
Makossa; Bongos; Korup rainforest; 4 time winner of Africa Cup of Nations; Bakassi Peninsula; 50 years of independence; The Grey Parrot; Debundscha point with its 400 inches/ year of rainfall; The Goliath frog
Attempts on target Development Assistance: The Japanese government has announced that it will double aid to Africa by 2012 from $0.9 billion to $1.8 billion. Assistance is intended to complement efforts on climate change and will specifically cover infrastructure, agriculture, education and health. So far the Japanese government has more than met its aid commitments, achieving 150% of the increase promised by 2010, commitments that however are regarded as unambitious relative to the size of the Japanese economy. In Cameroon, Japan is specifically helping to improve basic living conditions in rural areas of Cameroon. It is also implementing programmes which target poverty at the community level. (Sources: Japan’s ODA: Rolling plan for Cameroon, ONE Data Report 2009) Basic Infrastructure Development: Although Cameroon is a key player within its regional economic zone, the roads and transportation networks linking it to its neighbours are still inadequate. Japan’s first Overseas Assistance Loan to Cameroon in 23 years is to implement a transport infrastructure project for an international highway from Cameroon to Nigeria. (Source: Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs) Debt Cancellation: Along with other G8 countries, Japan agreed to cancel 100% of qualified debts for the Highly Indebted Poor Countries, which Cameroon is part of. Japan has fulfilled the cancellations, with one important exception: it has not cancelled its post-cut-off-date commercial claims. (Source: ONE Data Report 2009)
Attempts off target Trade: While Japan already provides more than 98% duty-free and quota-free access to LDCs, it does not do so for agricultural products (such as rice and sugar) which often constitute the majority of exports from LDCs like Cameroon. (Sources: ONE Data Report 2009, World Trade Organization) Development: Cameroon’s recent economic growth has not yet contributed to tangible improvements in living standards and people’s livelihoods. The country is off target to achieve several of the Millennium Development Goals, particularly those on poverty, hunger and health. (Source: UNDP Human Development Report 2009) Doha Development Round: The world’s major economies, including Japan, have continuously committed themselves to completing the Doha Development Rounds (which started in 2001), but have thus far failed to do so. The goal of the Doha Rounds is to lower trade barriers around the world, allowing for an increase in global trade – including with the developing world.
Fouls Agricultural Subsidies: Japan is one of the world’s largest agricultural subsidisers, spending almost $40 billion to support its farmers in 2008. This was significantly higher than its global ODA (net of bilateral debt relief) of $6.8 billion in the same year. (Source: ONE Data Report 2009) Abuse of ODA: There is a strong link between the votes for Japan in the International Whaling Commission (IWC) and the aid money some members in the IWC have received, including Cameroon. The government of Japan has been repeatedly criticized for using overseas development aid, particularly fisheries aid, in order to gain control of IWC. (Source: AfrolNews)
20
Game plan
CAMEROON
C
am
er oo
n
to
in
cr ea
se
ef
fo
rts
to
sto
p
ille
ga
l lo gg i
ng
JAPAN
Lions Indomptables
Japan to contribu comple te to the tio Develop n of the Doha ment Ro unds
Blue Samurai
Jap qu an to o for ta fr exte ag ee n ricu ac d its d ltur ces al p s to uty fr rod LDC ee a uc nd ts
Japan to stop buying votes at the International Whaling commission
Cameroon to improve governa nce and to ensure that its econom ic growth is translated into benefits for its people
21
ica
fr te A mo FIs o r p in I and nd ort 20 a p up in G n to s an ntatio p Ja ese r rep
GROUP E
CAMEROON Team Statistics 22.2* 51 years 19,088,385 Crude oil and petroleum products, timber, cocoa, aluminium, coffee, cotton
June 24, 2010
CAMEROON-NETHERLANDS
NETHERLANDS
2.8 $0.52 net ODA received 37.3% (gross)
GDP (Billion USD) LIFE EXPECTANCY POPULATION MAJOR EXPORTS
794.8 80 years 16,445,593 Metal manufacturing, chemicals, foodstuffs
EXTERNAL DEBT 2008 (Billion USD) 415.4 ODA (Billion USD)
Not free 13.9% (LH)
Development Assistance: The Dutch Development Organization has been operating in Cameroon since 1963. Planned assistance over the next two years is set to focus on improving access to health services and safe drinking water as well as promoting community forestry. (Source: Dutch Development Organization) Trade: The EU is Cameroon’s largest trade partner, receiving almost 80% of its total exports. The Netherlands are Cameroon’s 5th biggest export partner, after Spain, Italy, the US and France. (Source: EconomyWatch) Investment: The Netherlands have expressed a strong interest in investing in flower cultivation in Cameroon, an area in which the European country has much experience. (Source: Allafrica.com)
Donated $6.4
EDUCATION
88.6%
Attempts off target
CO2 EMISSIONS (Metric tons)
11.3mt
Trade: While negotiations on an EPA continue, interim agreements have been signed by Cameroon, which has allowed for duty free access to the EU for all cocoa and chocolate products. This has meant an improvement in comparison to the taxes the country was subject to previously. However, under the EPA agreement, some of the cocoa products are not covered by the duty free access and are subject to a higher tariff. (Source: ICCO Annual Survey 2008)
(Secondary school net enrollment %)
4.3mt
Attempts on target
FREEDOM % OF PARLAMENTARIANS THAT ARE WOMEN
(LH=Lower or single house, UH=Upper house or Senate)
Free 42.0% (LH) 34.7% (UH)
global rankings 19
FIFA (2010)
4
153
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT (2009)
6
111
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS (2010)
10
171
DOING BUSINESS (2010)
30
146
CORRUPTION PERCEPTION (2009)
6
133
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE (2010)
47
118
GENDER GAP (2009)
11
86
WOMEN IN NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS
6
Regulatory Reforms: Despite some recent reforms, Cameroon still ranks as one of the most difficult places in the world to start a business making it hard for companies from developed countries like the Netherlands to enter the market. (Source: World Bank Doing Good Business Report 2010)
Fouls Agricultural Subsidies: Agricultural productivity is central to Cameroon’s export industry. Owing to the fertile land, almost 70% of Cameroon’s population is engaged in agriculture. The EU’s agricultural subsidies, especially for cotton, which is one of Cameroon’s primary products, are seriously harming Cameroon’s agricultural sector. (Source: EconomyWatch) Deforestation: Illegal logging is a profitable business in Cameroon and will remain so as long as law enforcement is not strong enough and corruption prevails. While Cameroon has just signed a voluntary partnership agreement on forest governance and trade in forest products with the EU, there remain questions whether this will substantially improve the situation.
ALSO FAMOUS FOR... Makossa; Bongos; Korup rainforest; 4 time winner of Africa Cup of Nations; Bakassi Peninsula; 50 years of independence; The Grey Parrot; Debundscha point with its 400 inches/ year of rainfall; The Goliath frog
* estimated
Windmills; Tulips; Legal marijuana; Dykes & Canals; Wooden clogs; Van Gogh; Anne Frank; Johan Cruiff; Peter Stuyvesant
22
Game plan
CAMEROON
Lions Indomptables
Cameroon to climate proof its developme nt plans including defor estation
mote to pro ndly n o ro e -frie Cam siness re bu o m t a nmen enviro
Netherlands to revise or remove the agricultural subsidies hurting Cameroon and the estimated 70% of its population involved in agriculture
Oranje
23
NETHERLANDS
Netherlands to help Cam eroon develop its flo wer industry environmen in an tally friendly and consciou s way
GROUP G
BRAZIL Team Statistics 1,574 72 years 191,971,506
June 20, 2010
Manufactured goods, iron ore, coffee, oranges, other agricultural produce 255.6 $0.46 net ODA received 77%
GDP (Billion USD) LIFE EXPECTANCY POPULATION MAJOR EXPORTS
22.5* 57 years 20,591,302 Cocoa, coffee, tropical woods, petroleum, cotton, bananas, pineapples, palm oil, fish
EXTERNAL DEBT 2008 (Billion USD) 12.6 ODA (Billion USD)
$0.62 net ODA received
EDUCATION
19.8%
CO2 EMISSIONS (Metric tons)
0.3mt
(Secondary school net enrollment %)
11.7mt Free 8.8% (LH) 12.3% (LH)
Attempts on target Development Assistance: Brazil has begun to provide development assistance to African countries, including Côte d’Ivoire, notably through the Brazilian Cooperation Agency. It has also initiated sectorspecific programmes like the Brazil-Africa Cooperation Programme on Social Development. Trade: In line with Brazil’s renewed focus on South-South relations, the government has expanded and prioritized trade ties with African countries. As a result, Brazil’s annual trade with Africa has jumped from $3.1 billion in 2000 to $26.3 billion last year. While trade between Brazil and Côte d’Ivoire is still relatively small, both countries are major cocoa producers and founding members of the Cocoa Producers’ Alliance (COPAL) which helps members to exchange technical and scientific information, discuss problems of mutual interest and advance social and economic relations between producers. (Source: Africa Confidential) Security: Brazil has contributed military personnel to the United Nations Mission in Côte d’Ivoire (ONUCI) and continues to support the Monitoring and Evaluation Committee of the Ouagadougou Political Agreement. (Source: ONUCI)
FREEDOM
Not free
% OF PARLAMENTARIANS THAT ARE WOMEN
Attempts off target
8.9% (LH)
Development Assistance: Brazil can do more to share its unique development experience with countries like Côte d’Ivoire, particularly in the areas of conditional cash transfers, food security, rural education and industrialization.
(LH=Lower or single house, UH=Upper house or Senate)
global rankings
Development: Côte d’Ivoire is significantly off target to meet most of the Millennium Development Goals, particularly so in the areas of poverty, hunger and health. Despite strong economic growth over the last decade, Brazil may also not be able to meet some of the goals, particularly those relating to poverty reduction (Sources: MDG Monitor, UNDP Human Development Report 2009).
1
FIFA (2010)
27
75
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT (2009)
163
56
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS (2010)
116
129
DOING BUSINESS (2010)
168
75
CORRUPTION PERCEPTION (2009)
154
Fouls
62
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE (2010)
102
81
GENDER GAP (2009)
108
WOMEN IN NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS
Governance: Côte d’Ivoire’s transitional government headed by President Laurent Gbagbo and Prime Minister Guillaume Soro has repeatedly postponed the holding of elections, most recently in November 2009.
No Data 107
ALSO FAMOUS FOR... The Amazon rainforest; Copacabana; Capoeira; The Rio carnival; Pelé; G-strings; Favelas; Christo Redentor; Plastic surgery
* estimated
brazil-CÔTE D’IVOIRE
CÔTE D’IVOIRE
Cocoa; Postponed elections; Felix HouphouëtBoigny’s; The biggest basilica in Africa; Masks; Pineapples; AfDB HQ; Lagoons
Maternal Mortality: Despite efforts by the government and international partners, Côte d’Ivoire suffers from one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world. Women in Côte d’Ivoire are eight times more likely to die as a result of child birth than their Brazilian counterparts. (Source: WHO World Health Statistics 2010)
Illicit Trade: In spite of the UN-mandated Kimberley Process legislation and controls, there is still an extensive illicit trade in rough diamonds taking place in both Brazil and Côte d’Ivoire and government oversight mechanisms remain weak or non-existent. (Source: Diamonds and Human Security Project) Deforestation: Both countries have not been able to curb high rates of illegal logging.
24
Game plan
Both of the countries need to address the illicit trade flows
25
CÔTE D’IVOIRE
Cô elec te d’Ivo ir tion s an e to se t d im pro a date ve g t ove o hold rnan ce
Les Éléphants
Both of the countries need to promote and implement policies to stop illegal logging
BRAZIL
Seleção
Braz il in ed to share uca tion, its deve lop socia l pro ment e x tect ion a perienc e nd h ealt s h
GROUP G
NORTH KOREA Team Statistics No Data
GDP (Billion USD)
67 years
LIFE EXPECTANCY
23,818,753
June 25, 2010
Minerals and metals, cement, agricultural products
No Data $0.22 net ODA received No Data
POPULATION MAJOR EXPORTS
22.5* 57 years 20,591,302 Cocoa, coffee, tropical woods, petroleum, cotton, bananas, pineapples, palm oil, fish
EXTERNAL DEBT 2008 (Billion USD) 12.6 ODA (Billion USD)
$0.62 net ODA received
EDUCATION
19.8%
CO2 EMISSIONS (Metric tons)
0.3mt
(Secondary school net enrollment %)
3.3mt
Attempts on target Education: The government of North Korea places great importance on centralized education. This has resulted in a very high literacy rate (nearly 100%) and places the country in the global top ten when it comes to combined gross enrolment ration. (Source: UNSTATS Key Findings of 2008 Census) Peace and National Stability: Côte d’Ivoire’s civil war officially ended in 2007, with a peace agreement and the creation of a transitional government of national unity. Although fighting has ceased, and elections have been postponed several times, the country’s situation has improved.
Attempts off target Development: Both North Korea and Côte d’Ivoire are significantly off target to achieve most of the Millennium Development Goals. While in Côte d’Ivoire the situation is particularly tragic when it comes to extreme poverty and health, North Korea lags far behind in combating hunger. Both countries are among the world’s worst performers when it comes to women’s empowerment and gender equality. (Source: MDG Monitor)
FREEDOM
Not free
% OF PARLAMENTARIANS THAT ARE WOMEN
8.9% (LH)
Governance: Both countries suffer from substantial governance deficits. In North Korea, the eccentric leader Kim Jong-Il has followed in the foot-steps of his father to marginalize the country both economically and politically. In Côte d’Ivoire, President Laurent Gbagbo has repeatedly postponed the holding of elections, most recently in April 2010, even though his term of office originally expired in 2005.
FIFA (2010)
27
No Data
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT (2009)
163
No Data
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS (2010)
Food Security: Both countries are experiencing severe food insecurity. In North Korea, lack of arable land, insufficient investment in agriculture and have left more than 8.2 million people in need of food assistance. In Côte d’Ivoire, the protracted political crisis, the large number of internally displaced people and the de facto division of the country continue to limit the availability of and access to food of large parts of the population. (Sources: World Food Programme Country Report 2010, World Food Programme Country Report 2010)
116
No Data
DOING BUSINESS (2010)
168
No Data
CORRUPTION PERCEPTION (2009)
154
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE (2010)
102
Not free 15.6% (LH)
(LH=Lower or single house, UH=Upper house or Senate)
global rankings 105
147 No Data 77
GENDER GAP (2009) WOMEN IN NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS
No Data 107
ALSO FAMOUS FOR... MASH; Kim Jong-Il; Kim Il-Sung; Massive choreographed public performances; 1968 capture of the USS Pueblo; Mountains; Taedonggang beer; Korean Demilitarized Zone; The Rungrado May First Stadium
* estimated
NORTH KOREA-CÔTE D’IVOIRE
CÔTE D’IVOIRE
Cocoa; Postponed elections; Felix HouphouëtBoigny’s; The biggest basilica in Africa; Masks; Pineapples; AfDB HQ; Lagoons
National Unity: Both countries face substantial divisions with North Korea having been separated from South Korea for over 50 years and Côte d’Ivoire being divided in two by a demilitarized zone since the civil war which started in 2002.
Fouls Sanctions: Both Côte d’Ivoire and North Korea are subject to international sanctions, albeit to very different degrees and for very different reasons. Côte d’Ivoire, for example, is under sanctions when it comes to EU’s import ban on diamonds, ban on exports of equipment for internal repression, embargo on arms and related materiel and freezing of funds and economic resources of certain persons who constitute a threat to the peace and national reconciliation process in Côte d’Ivoire. North Korea is facing similar sanctions, with some additions such as the embargo on certain goods and technologies which could contribute to North Korea’s nuclear-related, missile-related or other weapons of mass destruction-related programs. (Source: European Commission: External Relations – Restrictive measures in force)
26
Game plan
Both countries to increase agricultural productivity to improve food security
Côte d’Ivo ire to stren gthen its institutio ns to impro ve governanc e and national in tegration
Les Éléphants
North Ko re humanit a to increase arian ac cess an collabo d to rate wit h intern develop ational ment eff orts
27
CÔTE D’IVOIRE
se a to increa North Kore access to d n a y c n transpare n informatio
north korea
Chollima
Both countries need to improve the distribution of wealth to ensure that people’s basic needs are met
all teams by the numbers COUNTRIES
GDP (Billion USD)
LIFE EXPECTANCY
POPULATION
MAJOR EXPORTS
Group A Group B
EDUCATION
CO2 EMISSIONS
(Secondary school net enrollment %)
(Metric tons)
SOUTH AFRICA
287.2*
51 years
48,687,000
Gold, diamonds, metals and minerals, cars, machinery
42
$1.1 net ODA received
71.9%
7.2mt
MEXICO
874.9
75 years
106,350,434
Machinery and transport equipment, mineral fuels and lubricants, food and live animals
204
$0.15 net ODA received
70.9%
4.5mt
URUGUAY
31.5*
76 years
3,334,052
Meat, rice, leather products, vehicles, dairy products, wool, electricity
11
$0.03 net ODA received
67.7%
1.7mt
2,675.9
82 years
62,277,432
Machinery and transport equipment, agricultural products, including wine
1,471
Donated $12.4
98.3%
6.5mt
ARGENTINA
310.1
75 years
39,882,980
Food and live animals, mineral fuels, cereals, machinery
128.3
$0.13 net ODA received
79.4%
4.6mt
NIGERIA
173.4*
48 years
151,212,254
Petroleum, petroleum products, cocoa, rubber
11.2
$1.3 net ODA received
25.8%
1.8mt
SOUTH KOREA
832.5
80 years
48,607,000
Electronic products, machinery and transport equipment
236.9
Donated $0.82
96.4%
10.3mt
GREECE
330.8
80 years
11,237,094
Textiles and clothing, food, oil products
364.7
Donated $0.61
91%
9.2mt
ENGLAND
2,183.6
80 years
61,414,062
Manufactured goods, chemicals, foodstuffs
1,225.1
Donated $11.5
91.3%
9mt
USA
14,256.3
78 years
304,060,000
Computers and electrical machinery, vehicles, chemical products, food and live animals, military equipment and aircraft
5,820.5
Donated $28.7
88.2%
19.4mt
ALGERIA
140.8*
72 years
34,373,426
Oil, gas
5.5
$0.32 net ODA received
66.3%
2.9mt
SLOVENIA
49.2*
79 years
2,021,316
Machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, household goods
11.6
Donated $0.07
88.5%
7.9mt
GERMANY
3,352.7
80 years
82,110,097
Motor vehicles, electrical machinery, metals
1,347.9
Donated $12
100.6% (gross)
10mt
AUSTRALIA
997.2
81 years
21,431,800
Ores and metals, wool, food and live animals, fuels, transport machinery and equipment
58.2
Donated $2.8
87.5%
19.2mt
SERBIA
42.9*
74 years
7,350,221
Manufactured goods, food and live animals, machinery and transport equipment
30.9
$1 net ODA received
89.6%
4.7mt
FRANCE
Group C
ODA (Billion USD)
(Billion USD)
*2009 estimates
Group D
EXTERNAL DEBT 2008
28
% of parlamentarians that are women
FIFA RANK (2010)
Free
44.5% (LH) 29.6% (UH)
83
129
Free
26.2% (LH) 19.5% (UH)
17
Free
15.2% (LH) 13.3% (UH)
Free
FREEDOM
DOING BUSINESS RANK (2010)
CORRUPTION PERCEPTION RANK (2009)
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE RANK (2010)
GENDER GAP RANK (2009)
World Ranking of women in national parliaments
45
34
55
115
6
3
53
60
51
89
43
98
34
16
50
65
114
25
83
57
80
18.9% (LH) 21.9% (UH)
9
8
16
31
24
7
18
66
Free
38.5% (LH) 35.2% (UH)
7
49
85
118
106
70
24
11
Partly free
7.0% (LH) 8.3% (UH)
21
158
99
125
130
153
108
119
Free
14.7% (LH)
47
26
19
19
39
94
115
82
Free
17.3% (LH)
13
25
71
109
71
71
85
72
Free
19.5% (LH) 20.1% (UH)
8
21
13
5
17
14
15
62
Free
16.8% (LH) 15.3% (UH)
14
13
2
4
19
61
31
74
Not free
7.7% (LH) 5.1% (UH)
30
104
83
136
111
42
117
116
Free
14.4% (LH) 2.5% (UH)
25
29
37
53
27
55
52
83
Free
32.8% (LH) 21.7% (UH)
6
22
7
25
14
17
12
17
Free
27.3% (LH) 35.5% (UH)
20
2
15
9
8
51
20
31
Free
21.6% (LH)
15
67
93
88
83
29
No Data
54
(LH = Lower or single house, UH = Upper house or Senate)
HUMAN GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT COMPETITIVENESS RANK RANK (2009) (2010)
29
COUNTRIES
GDP (Billion USD)
LIFE EXPECTANCY
POPULATION
MAJOR EXPORTS
Group E
CO2 EMISSIONS (Metric tons)
15.5
57 years
23,350,927
Gold, cocoa, timber, tuna, bauxite, aluminium, manganese ore, diamonds
5
$1.3 net ODA received
46.4%
0.4mt
NETHERLANDS
794.8
80 years
16,445,593
Metal manufacturing, chemicals, foodstuffs
415.4
Donated $6.4
88.6%
11.3mt
DENMARK
309.2
79 years
5,493,621
Machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals
106.5
Donated $2.8
89.6%
9mt
5,068.1
83 years
127,704,000
Vehicles, computer parts, chemicals, scientific instruments and watches
8.5
Donated $9.5
98%
9.9mt
22.2*
51 years
19,088,385
Crude oil and petroleum products, timber, cocoa, aluminium, coffee, cotton
2.8
$0.52 net ODA received
37.3% (gross)
4.3mt
2,118.3
82 years
59,832,179
Machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, clothes, wine
2,138.3
Donated $3.3
92.4%
8.1mt
PARAGUAY
14.7*
72 years
6,237,855
Soyabeans, cotton, meat, edible oils, timbe
4.2
$0.13 net ODA received
57.7%
0.6mt
NEW ZEALAND
117.8
80 years
4,268,900
Wool, food and dairy products, wood and paper products
28.8
Donated $0.31
120.4% (gross)
8.9mt
SLOVAKIA
88.2*
75 years
5,406,626
Manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment
27.4
Donated $0.07
92.8% (gross)
7.4mt
BRAZIL
1,574
72 years
191,971,506
Manufactured goods, iron ore, coffee, oranges, other agricultural produce
255.6
$0.46 net ODA received
77%
11.7mt
NORTH KOREA
No Data
67 years
23,818,753
Minerals and metals, cement, agricultural products
No Data
$0.22 net ODA received
No Data
3.3mt
CÔTE D’IVOIRE
22.5*
57 years
20,591,302
Cocoa, coffee, tropical woods, petroleum, cotton, bananas, pineapples, palm oil, fish
12.6
$0.62 net ODA received
19.8%
0.3mt
PORTUGAL
227.9
79 years
10,622,413
Textiles and clothing, wood products, electrical equipment
164.9
Donated $0.51
87.9%
6.3mt
SPAIN
1,464
81 years
45,555,716
Transport equipment, agricultural products
510.2
Donated $6.6
94.3%
8.4mt
SWITZERLAND
494.6*
82 years
7,647,675
Machinery and electronics, chemicals, precision instruments, watches
114.5
Donated $2.3
84.7%
6.2mt
14.3
72 years
7,318,789
Coffee, bananas, shellfish, meat, timber, gold and other minerals
3.4
$0.56 net ODA received
64.5% (gross)
8.1mt
161.8*
79 years
16,803,952
Copper, fish, fruit, paper and pulp, chemicals
64.3
$0.07 net ODA received
85.3%
3.7mt
CAMEROON
Group F
EDUCATION
(Secondary school net enrollment %)
GHANA
JAPAN
Group G
ODA (Billion USD)
(Billion USD)
*2009 estimates
Group H
EXTERNAL DEBT 2008
ITALY
HONDURAS CHILE
30
% of parlamentarians that are women
FIFA RANK (2010)
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT RANK (2009)
GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS RANK (2010)
DOING BUSINESS RANK (2010)
CORRUPTION PERCEPTION RANK (2009)
ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE RANK (2010)
GENDER GAP RANK (2009)
World Ranking of women in national parliaments
Free
8.3% (LH)
32
152
114
92
69
109
80
112
Free
42.0% (LH) 34.7% (UH)
4
6
10
30
6
47
11
6
Free
38.0% (LH)
36
16
5
6
2
32
7
12
Free
11.3% (LH) 17.4% (UH)
45
10
8
15
17
20
101
96
Not free
13.9% (LH)
19
153
111
171
146
133
118
86
Free
21.3% (LH) 18.3% (UH)
5
18
48
78
63
18
72
55
Partly free
12.5% (LH) 15.6% (UH)
31
101
124
124
154
60
66
91
Free
33.6% (LH)
78
20
20
2
1
15
5
15
Free
18.0% (LH)
34
42
47
42
56
13
68
69
Free
8.8% (LH) 12.3% (UH)
1
75
56
129
75
62
81
108
Not free
15.6% (LH)
105
No Data
No Data
No Data
No Data
147
No Data
77
Not free
8.9% (LH)
27
163
116
168
154
102
No Data
107
Free
27.4% (LH)
3
34
43
48
35
19
46
30
Free
36.6% (LH) 30.8% (UH)
2
15
33
62
32
25
17
13
Free
29.0% (LH) 21.7% (UH)
24
9
1
21
5
2
13
26
Partly free
18.0% (LH)
38
112
89
141
130
118
62
69
Free
14.2% (LH) 13.2% (UH)
18
44
30
49
25
16
64
84
FREEDOM
(LH = Lower or single house, UH = Upper house or Senate)
31
WORLD CUP 2010 MATCHES
Group A
Group B
Group C
11/06
SOUTH AFRICA - MEXICO
12/06
ARGENTINA - NIGERIA
12/06
ENGLAND - USA
11/06
URUGUAY - FRANCE
12/06
SOUTH KOREA - GREECE
13/06
ALGERIA - SLOVENIA
16/06
SOUTH AFRICA - URUGUAY
17/06
GREECE - NIGERIA
18/06
SLOVENIA - USA
17/06
FRANCE - MEXICO
17/06
ARGENTINA - SOUTH KOREA
18/06
ENGLAND - ALGERIA
22/06
MEXICO - URUGUAY
22/06
NIGERIA - SOUTH KOREA
23/06
SLOVENIA - ENGLAND
22/06
FRANCE - SOUTH AFRICA
22/06
GREECE - ARGENTINA
23/06
USA - ALGERIA
Group D
Group E
Group F
13/06
GERMANY - AUSTRALIA
14/06
NETHERLANDS - DENMARK
14/06
ITALY - PARAGUAY
13/06
SERBIA - GHANA
14/06
JAPAN - CAMEROON
15/06
NEW ZEALAND - SLOVAKIA
18/06
GERMANY - SERBIA
19/06
NETHERLANDS - JAPAN
20/06
SLOVAKIA - PARAGUAY
19/06
GHANA - AUSTRALIA
19/06
CAMEROON - DENMARK
20/06
ITALY - NEW ZEALAND
23/06
GHANA - GERMANY
24/06
DENMARK - JAPAN
24/06
SLOVAKIA - ITALY
23/06
AUSTRALIA - SERBIA
24/06
CAMEROON - NETHERLANDS
24/06
PARAGUAY - NEW ZEALAND
Group G
Group H
15/06
Côte d’Ivoire - portugal
16/06
HONDURAS - CHILE
15/06
brazil - north korea
16/06
SPAIN - SWITZERLAND
20/06
brazil - Côte d’Ivoire
21/06
CHILE - SWITZERLAND
21/06
portugal - north korea
21/06
SPAIN - HONDURAS
25/06
portugal - brazil
25/06
CHILE - SPAIN
25/06
north korea - Côte d’Ivoire
25/06
SWITZERLAND - HONDURAS
32
ROUND OF 16
QUARTER-FINALS
SEMI-FINALS
FINAL
SEMI-FINALS
QUARTER-FINALS
ROUND OF 16
1A
1B
2B
2A
1C
1D
2D
2C
1E
1F
2F
2E
Match for third place
1G
1H
2H
2G
33
Compilation of sources for Team statistics:
OTHER PUBLICATIONS FROM THE AFRICA PROGRESS PANEL:
IMF World Economic Outlook Database April 2010, World Bank Database, BBC Country Profiles, OECD ODA by donor 2008 and 2009, SlovakAid ODA Report, ODA Report Korea DPR Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Slovenia ODA Slovenian Foreign Ministry, World Resources Institute Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT), Freedom House Index, Inter-Parliamentary Union, UNDP Human Development Report, World Economic Forum Gender Gap Report, World Economic Forum Global Competitiveness Report, Transparency International, World Bank Doing Business Report, Environmental Performance Index, FIFA World Rankings.
POLICY BRIEFS • Finance for climate-resilient development in Africa: An agenda for action following the Copenhagen conference (Forthcoming) • Support or Protection? Options for Policymakers (Forthcoming) • Maternal Health (Forthcoming) • Doing Good Business in Africa: How business can support development (March 2010) • From adaptation to climate-resilient development: the costs of climate-proofing the Millennium Development Goals in Africa (February 2010) • Climate Change and programme (policy brief completed in June 2010, but programme on-going) • ‘New Multilateralism’ (March 2009) • Preserving Progress at a Time of Global Crisis (January 2009) INFORMATION NOTES • China’s Growing Engagement in Africa: Context – Trends – Potential (December 2009) • Reaching an Agreement at Copenhagen and Beyond: Negotiating the roadblocks ahead – 2nd edition (December 2009) • Reaching an Agreement at Copenhagen and Beyond: Negotiating the roadblocks ahead (November 2009) • Kick-Starting Africa’s Carbon Markets (November 2009) ANNUAL REPORTS • Africa Progress Report 2010: From Agenda to Action: Turning Resources into Results for People (May 2010) • 2009 Annual Report: An Agenda for Progress at a Time of Global Crisis (June 2009) • 2008 Annual Report: Africa’s Development: Promises and Prospects (June 2008) OTHER • Fortnightly Bulletin (Ongoing)
34
ABOUT THE AFRICA PROGRESS PANEL The Africa Progress Panel brings together a unique group of leaders under the chairmanship of Kofi Annan. The Panel monitors and promotes mutual accountability and shared responsibility for progress in Africa. Its three focus areas are economic and political governance; finance for sustainable development, including ODA; and MDG achievement – notably in light of climate change. The work of the Panel aims to track progress and draw attention to critical issues and opportunities for progress in Africa.
THE PANEL Kofi Annan Chair of the Africa Progress Panel, former Secretary-General of the United Nations and Nobel Laureate Tony Blair Founder, Africa Governance Initiative and former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Michel Camdessus Former Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund Peter Eigen Founder and Chair of the Advisory Council, Transparency International and Chairman of the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative Bob Geldof Musician, businessman, founder and Chair of Band Aid, Live Aid and Live8, Co-founder of DATA and ONE Graça Machel President of the Foundation for Community Development and founder of New Faces New Voices Linah Kelebogile Mohohlo Governor, Bank of Botswana Olusegun Obasanjo Envoy of the Secretary-General on the Great Lakes region and former President of Nigeria Robert Rubin Co-Chairman of the Board, Council on Foreign Relations and former Secretary of the United States Treasury Tidjane Thiam Chief Executive Officer, Prudential Plc. Muhammad Yunus Economist, founder of Grameen Bank and Nobel Laureate
THE SECRETARIAT Michael Keating, Executive Director Violaine Beix Sandra Engelbrecht Benedikt Franke Dawda Jobarteh Temitayo Omotola Carolina Rodriguez
35
Africa Progress Panel 9-11 Rue de VarembĂŠ 1202 Geneva Switzerland
info@africaprogresspanel.org +41 (0) 22 919 7520
www.africaprogresspanel.org
36