BIMODAL TERMINAL SANTA CRUZ DE LA SIERRA_DESIGN BOOKLET

BIMODAL TERMINAL SANTA

CRUZ

DE

LA

DESIGN

SIERRA

BIMODAL TERMINAL SANTA

CRUZ

DE

LA

SIERRA

AGNE DAILIDAITE master dissertation project

P R O F. D R . K R I S W. B . S C H E E R L I N C K Academic Promotor

2017

CONTENT 1. VISON 2. URBAN STRATEGY 3. ARCHITECTURE INTERVENTIONS 4. PRINCIPAL INTERVENTION 5. ARCHITECTURE REFERENCES 6. CONCLUSIONS 7. REFERENCE

1.VISION

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AMBITION 1 Physical and social node to attract local and city networks

HYBRID BIMODAL TERMINAL

AMBITION 5 To create a spatial spine made of collective continuous places with new typologies

HYBRID BIMODAL TERMINAL BECOMES A PLACE, WHERE DIFFERENT SOCIAL CLASSES MEET EACH OTHER, CO-CREATE, CO-WORK , CO-LIVE. A PLACE, WHERE NEW SPATIAL CONFIGURATIONS ARE BORN TO CREATE NEW IDENTITY WITHOUT BORDERS.

AMBITION 2 Laboratory for circular thinking and doing: promotion of creative industry from idea to realization

AMBITION 4

AMBITION 3

Emphasis on education and research, where young population stir up innovation and living quality

To create a dialog between different stakeholders interested in the site

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5 MAIN AMBITIONS Bimodal Terminal needs a clear coherent vision based on strategic guidelines for it to develop through phases into a strong and vibrant neighborhood. The area in no doubt is in poverty of ambition. Only with clear aims, it can progress and change.

In my project Hybrid Bimodal Terminal becomes a place, where different social classes meet each other, co-create, co-work, co-live. A place, where new spatial configurations are born to create new identity without borders.

Ambition 1. Physical and social node to attract local and city networks. Community engagement strategy becomes essential to form new identities based on current ones. Create incentives to invest money and time to the area.

Ambition 2. Laboratory for circular thinking and doing: promotion of creative industry from idea to realization.

Ambition 3. To create a dialog between different stakeholders interested in the site.

Ambition 4. Emphasis on education and research, where young population stir up innovation and living quality.

Ambition 5. To create a spatial spine made of collective continuous places with new typologies.

3 new interventions should reflect to this ambition.

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AMBITION 1 Physical and social node to attract local and city networks

H Y B RAMBITION I D B I M1 O D A L TERMINAL

N 5

spatial f collecus places ologies

AM

HYBRID BIMODAL TERMINAL BECOMES A PLACE, WHERE DIFFERENT SOCIAL CLASSES MEET EACH OTHER, Physical and socialCnode local city networks.

O - C R Eto A Tattract E, CO-W O R K and , C O L I V E .

A P L A C E , W H E R E Community engagement strategy becomes essential to NEW SPATIAL CONFIGURAform new identities ones. Create T I Obased N S A R on E B the O R Ncurrent TO C R E A T money E N E W I and D E N Ttime I T Y to the area. incentives to invest WITHOUT BORDERS.

Laborato thinkin promoti industr re

AMBITION 4

AMBITION 3

Emphasis on education and research, where young population stir up innovation and living quality

To create a dialog between different stakeholders interested in the site

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HYBRID BIMODAL TERMINAL HYBRID BIMODAL TERMINAL BECOMES A PLACE, WHERE DIFFERENT SOCIAL CLASSES MEET EACH OTHER, CO-CREATE, CO-WORK , CO-LIVE. A PLACE, WHERE NEW SPATIAL CONFIGURATIONS ARE BORN TO CREATE NEW IDENTITY WITHOUT BORDERS.

AMBITION 2 Laboratory for circular thinking and doing: promotion of creative industry from idea to realization

AMBITION 2

Laboratory for circular thinking and doing: promotion of creative industry from idea to realization.

AMBITION 3 To create a dialog between different stakeholders interested in the site

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BECOMES A PLACE, WHERE DIFFERENT SOCIAL CLASSES MEET EACH OTHER, AGNE CO-CREATE, CO-WORK , CO-LIVE. A PLACE, WHERE NEW SPATIAL CONFIGURATIONS ARE BORN TO CREATE NEW IDENTITY WITHOUT BORDERS.

promotion of creative industry from idea to realization DAILIDAITE

4

ucation where on stir n and ity

AMBITION 3

AMBITION 3

To create a dialog between different stakeholders interested in the site

To create a dialog between different stakeholders interested in the site.

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spine made of collective continuous places with new typologies AGNE

HYBRID BIMODAL TERMINAL BECOMES A PLACE, WHERE I IFT EF E R E N T S O C I A L C L A S S E S D A I LD IDA MEET EACH OTHER, CO-CREATE, CO-WORK , CO-LIVE. A PLACE, WHERE NEW SPATIAL CONFIGURATIONS ARE BORN TO CREATE NEW IDENTITY WITHOUT BORDERS.

AMBITION 4 Emphasis on education and research, where young population stir up innovation and living quality

A

AMBITION 4

Emphasis on education and research, where young population stir up innovation and living quality.

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To c betw stakeh

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AMBITION 5

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HYBRID BIMODAL TERMINAL

AMBITION 5 To create a spatial spine made of collective continuous places with new typologies

AMBITION 5

HYBRID BIMODAL TERMINAL BECOMES A PLACE, WHERE DIFFERENT SOCIAL CLASSES MEET EACH OTHER, CO-CREATE, CO-WORK , CO-LIVE. A PLACE, WHERE NEW SPATIAL CONFIGURATIONS ARE BORN TO CREATE NEW IDENTITY WITHOUT BORDERS.

To create a spatial spine made of collective continuous places with new typologies. 3 new interventions reflect to this ambition.

AMBITION 4 Emphasis on education and research, where young population stir up innovation and living quality

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2 . U R B A N S T R AT E G Y

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EXISTING ACCESSIBILITY TO THE SITE AND MAIN ACTIVITIES ALONG THE MAIN AXIS

P R O P O S E D A C C E S S I B I L I T Y T O T H E S I T E A N D N E W AT M O S P H E R E S A D D E D T O T H E S I T E

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Urban strategy reflects to the vision of the “Bimodal terminal”. The first step in finding right solutions and interventions to solve the site’s problematics, the project defines a new axis which links the historical city center and heavy industry zone. This axis becomes a new spatial backbone with different atmospheres creating strong relationships with new streetscape functions. New transversal links complete the accessibility network with the hierarchy from soft pedestrian links to hard infrastructure-based ones, which support the main structural axis.

To breathe life into the neighborhood, hard architectural interventions are created. New urban, architectural projects based on their locations and specific contexts serve different scales of Santa Cruz: 1. New public space in the front of the new entrance of bimodal terminal (continental scale).

2. Hybrid building with educational lab, production workshop spaces, salon de fiestas and the library (city scale - new landmark of the city) 3. Local intervention by shifting the existing walls deeper from the streets and creating more collective space to community. The new buildings consist of commerce, housing and kids day center functions.

For such hard interventions to take place, the area needs to be prepared through a set of strategic guidelines and a clear coherent vision based on phasing. The urban strategy is divided into 3 blocks of such strategic phasing: 1. QUICK WINS (PHASE 1: 0-2 YEARS) 2. STRUCTURAL SPATIAL SPINE 3. MAIN HARD INTERVENTIONS:

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E X I S T I N G S I T U AT I O N

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QUICK WINS (PHASE 1: 0-2 YEARS) Start with social engagement strategy to better understand private, public, and non-profit sector actors to discuss new ways to address local needs. Develop an organisational frawmework based on public and private partners so they can lead shortterm projects more successfully. Pilot projects with citizens and non-profit groups to gain their insight as well as increase credibility and local interest in the area and act on them to build momentum. Use tactical urbanism as a start to get things moving and build strenght of community by gaining their support.

First physical interventions: -Sport facilieties, public event space, open air cinema, abandoned building transformation to public youth center.

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STRUCTURAL SPATIAL SPINE (2-3 YEARS) This axis becomes a new spatial backbone with different atmospheres creating strong relationships with new streetscape functions. New transversal links complete the accessibility network with the hierarchy from soft pedestrian links to hard infrastructure-based ones, which support the main structural axis.

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HARD INTERVENTION (2-5 YEARS) - GRADUAL DEVELOPMENT ALONG THE SPINE - 3 MAIN HARD INTERVENTIONS: 1.new public space in the front of the new entrance of bimodal terminal (global scale) 2. Hybrid building with educational lab, production workshop spaces, salon de fiestas and the library (city scale - new landmark of the city) 3. Local intervention by shifting the existing walls deeper from the streets and creating more collective space to community. The new buildings consist of commerce, housing and kids day center functions.

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3 . A R C H I T E C T U R E I N T E RV E N T I O N S

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WA I T I N G S PA C E I N T H E F R O N T O F T H E N E W E N T R A N C E O F B I M O D A L T E R M I N A L

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WAITING SPACE INTERVENTION 1 Waiting space intervention plays a roll in the continental scale. The Terminal Bimodal is going to be one the most important transport hubs in Bolivia as well as in Latino America. So it is very important that the neighbourhood would be ready for this structural change and definitely the intervention will affect surrounding collective spaces. At the moment the territory of Bimodal Terminal is already very crowded and it lacks of space for people to wait and do basic activities while waiting. So there is a need to give a space for all the functions which already appear in the streets between very chaotic transport.

The main entrance should be relocated to the north side where I create a node of interweaving main structural axis and a new collective space.

-NEW ENTRANCE -NEW PUBLIC (WAITING) SPACE (LANDMARK) -NEW ACCESSIBILITY FROM THE CITY CENTER TO THE NEIGHBORHOOD ALONG THE STRUCTURAL SPINE

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C O L L E C T I V E S PA C E I N T H E F R O N T O F S A L O N D E F I E S TA C O M P L E X

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SAL ON DE FIESTA INTERVENTION 2 The Salon de fiesta building would play a very important role in the city scale. The complex of buildings is intended to invite different networks of the city and give collective space for variety of social groups where they could act, share, celebrate and work together. Salon De Fiesta would become the new attraction to the not popular neighbourhood. The program of the building reflects to the many issues of the city and local scale.

This is done in order to strenghten the interrelationship between educators, lower skilled groups, industrial workers and local community. Thus multidisciplinary approach is created trying to break the physcal and mental borders between different social classes. This can create a spinoff effect for common activism and a sense of caring for their environments.

The biggest empowering potential is the youth of Santa Cruz. Since the territory has the space and low density, it is a perfect location for a new educational hub. New educational hub could serve as really needed social catalyst for change, it can combine ‘thinking + doing’.

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NEW SQUARE FOR LOCAL COMMUNITY

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KIDS DAY CENTER INTERVENTION 3 The neighbourhood is full of boundaries, which limits the continuation of the collective space within the area. The main proposal is to shift the walls of industries deeper and open more place for new collective activities to appear along the street spine. After observing the neighbourhood it was clear that there is a problem with kids activities. Many kids just staying with their mothers all day while they work doing nothing, playing in the intense streets. It is abvious there ia a need to open the new kids day center.

Program: -KIDS DAY CENTER - NEW GREEN AREA -CPMERCE + HOUSING

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4 . M A I N A R C H I T E C T U R A L I N T E RV E N T I O N

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S C H E M E O F T H E A C C E S S I B I L I T Y T O S A L O N D E F I E S TA

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ACCESSIBILITY TO SALON DE FIESTA The complex of buildings takes the transversal soft link inside the building. The local scale connection links different parts of neighbourhood as described in the urban strategy. The building is position in the node of interconnecting city and local scale axes. The spatial spine connects different architectural interventions and city center with industrial zones while the soft link welcomes users to enter the complex and experience it from both inside and outside, where public and private spaces merge. It also allows different activities to happen in the created collective space as it is already a big part of their cultural identity to live in the streetscape.

The heavy infrastructure street is organized to serve goods and resources to the building complex, it is also used to access the site by other vehicles

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HIBRIDIT Y OF N E W T Y POL OGI E S

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HIBRIDITY OF NEW TYPOLOGIES

Polaryzed typologies don’t allow public activities to happen in private spaces or vice versa. Mixing of typologies and functions might bring more social cohesion for all the users of Bimodal Terminal area.

Such functional mix and promoted diversity through the use might become not only a facilitating factor in creating collective continious network of spaces, but also could develop into Bimodal Terminal’s identity.

Different functional buildings together with their specific use and materiality form a new hybrid building complex, which I call Salon de Fiesta, a cultural reference to Bolivian existing typology. Salon de Fiesta merges the diversity of functions. It also facilitates the local and city scale needs by bringing library, food market, production hall, thinkers lab, logistics hub and community space togeher under couple of different roofs with their specificity. The new typologies are reflecting the Bolivian identity and architectural culture.

The hybridity of functions together with a clear organization of flow between public and private spaces form a new relation and a system of collective spaces, where streetscape merges into insides of the complex and the complex walls are open for the flow from outside.

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S A L O N D E F I E S TA

C O M M U N I T Y S PA C E

L I B R A RY

FOOD MARKET

THINKING LAB

PRODUCTION

I N C R E M E N TA L HOUSING

LOGISTICS

-New relationship between new typologies -Merging different functional typologies into a coherent organization of continious spaces in the plan

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GR OUN D F L OOR PL AN

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N E W S T R E E T S -CAPE ACT I V I T I E S CR E AT E D B Y N E W T Y POL OGI E S AL ON G T H E S O FT L INK

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S E CT I ON B -B

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S E CT I ON A-A

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SCHEME OF CO-F UN DI N G PR I N CI PL E

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CO-FUNDING SALON DE FIESTA The traditional building developments in Bolivia are almost purely oriented to a rich-class society creating borders and ghetos together with walled heterotopian islands in the city. While on the other side the informal settlements lack the quality of basic amenities. It is important to consider joining these practices respectfuly with the social groups themselves. It’s the only way for a bigger social cohesion.

To obtain a sense of ownership over the Salon de Fiesta and co-use, co-work and co-creation, it is also very important to consider co-funding. The consortium of interested stakeholders such as university, municipality and private investors together with individuals could establish an investment platform, where interested parties could invest their part of the share. Shared economy is not only about using unused resources, it is also about shared ownership and efficient use of money helping to benefit more than rather few.

Salon de Fiesta itself should be built in development phases, it can grow as incremental building over the time prioritizing the essential needs. When the 1st phase of the complex building would be succesful, shared co-owners could take a further step and maybe broaden the group of shareholders to develop other phases in accordance to newly created functions. Shared ownership also prevents from ghost developments where for only one developer it is much easier to fail.

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S A L O N D E F I E S TA

C O M M U N I T Y S PA C E

L I B R A RY

FOOD MARKET

PHASE 2: CAFETERIA Y BIBLIOTECA

PHASE 1: SALON DE FIESTA

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THINKING LAB

I N C R E M E N TA L HOUSING

PRODUCTION

PHASE 3: THINKING + DOING +

X

LOGISTICS

PHASE 4: INCREMENTAL EXTEN-

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1 P H A S E 1 : S A L O N D E F I E S TA

MUNICIPALITY -financial support - branding - preparing legislation for Salon de Fiesta

PARTNERSHIP WITH LOCAL GROUPS

BUILDING COLLABORATIVE

SALON DE FIESTA

- Creating the sense of place and innership - Bringing main users of Salon de Fiesta -Orginising event , workshops, fiestas

PRIVATE INVESTORS - Direct investment - Building consortium

I N P U T

O U T P U T

NEW LANDMARK IN THE CITY -

NEW CULTURAL AND SOCIAL ACTIVITIES -

NEW USER

NEW IDENTITY

- Salon de Fiesta becomes the landmark in the city - It has to appear inside peoples mind maps - 1st phase is focused to empower existing communities

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PR I VAT E E V E N T I N PUB L I C COL L E CT I V E S PA C E

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2 PHASE 2: CAFETERIA Y BIBLIOTECA

LOCAL COMMUNITY NETWORK - Time and skills input -Local supplies for food

MUNICIPALITY - preparing legislation -organising workshop for computer education for locals

BUILDING COLLABORATIVE

CAFETERIA AND LIBRARY

EDUCATION INSITUTIONS - Financial support - Branding in student network

I N P U T

O U T P U T

STUDENT NETWROK ATRRACTED

ACCESIBLE EDUCATION TO LOCAL AND CITY NETWORKS

MORE EMPLOYMENT POSSIBILITIES

NEW ECONOMICAL ACTIVITIES

- Yo u t h n e t w o r k s a s c r e a t i v e f a c i l i t a t o r s a r e a t t r a c t e d - Education is accessible for local and city networks - 2nd phase acts as educationa and food hub

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CAF E T E R I A S PACE

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LIBR ARY S PACE

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3 PHASE 3: THINKING + DOING + LOGISTICS

LOCAL COMMUNITY NETWORK - Sharing passione and skills -Co-producing new products and prototypes

LOCAL INDUSTRIES

EDUCATION INSITUTIONS

PARTICIPATION BEYOND CONSULTATION

- Investing money -Giving materials -Knowledge -Branding

CO-THINKING+ CO-PRODUCING I N P U T

- Co-operating the building and adapting co-working priciples in labaratories and working spaces - Co-governance - Co-finance - Creating new products and prototypes -

O U T P U T

INNOVATION PLATFORM THINKING +DOING

LINKS WITH OTHER CITY INDUSTRIES BY NEW LOGISTIC SERVICES

NEW FUNCTIONS TO EXISTING BUILDINGS

NEW ECONOMICAL ACTIVITIES

- Local industries are attracted to co-produce and experiment - New platform for residents to build their own products - 3rd phase acts as experimental lab for innovation and production (thinking + doing)

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PR ODUCT I ON S PACE

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PRO DUCT I ON S PACE (DOI N G)

L OGI S T I CS

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4 PHASE 4: STUDENT HOUSING + HOSTEL

BIMODAL TERMINAL

LOCAL COMMUNITY NETWORK

-Finantial support for hostel (affordavle hostel for drivers, workers)

- People’s capabilities - Co-building

MUNICIPALITY

INCREMENTAL EXTENSION OF

- preparing legislation

HOUSING

EDUCATION INSITUTIONS - Finantial support for student housing

I N P U T

AFORDABLE HOUSING FOR LOCAL COMMUNITY AND STUDENTS

CHEAP HOSTEL+SHOWER FACILITIES FOR BIMODAL TERMINAL WORKERS

OUTPUT

- New affordable housing is created in reconverted warehouse buildings - One of the buildings acts as an affordable hostel for local workers of the Bimodal station area and a place to have a shower - 4th phase increases existing density and attracts new inhabitants to the area

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HOS T E L S PACE

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GR OUN D F L OOR PL AN

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1 F L OOR PL AN

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SALON DE FIESTA

COMMUNITY SPACE

Material: Local clay tiles

Material: Decorative local clay brick patterns

Structure: Concrete space frame

Structure: Concrete column grid

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LIBRARY

FOOD MARKET

Material: Decorated local clay brick patterns

Material: Decorated local clay brick patterns

Structure: Steel space truss

Structure: Concrete column grid

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THINKING LAB

PRODUCTION LAB

Material: Local bricks

Material: Perforated metal cladding

Structure: Brick vault structure

Structure: Steel space frame

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STORAGE AND LOGISTICS

INCREMENTAL HOUSING

Material: Rusted old reused metal

Material: Concrete walls

Structure: Column grid + holding walls

Structure: Column grid + holding walls

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STR UCT UR E S CHE M E

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CONCRETE BEAM

ROOF CLAY SHEETING TILES

DETA ILED SECT ION OF S AL ON DE F I E S TA R OOF

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5. ARCHITECTURE REFERENCES

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ARCHITECTURE SCHOOL IN AARHUS 2017-2020 Architect: ADEPT Place: Aarhus, Denmark

Vargo Nielsen Palle, ADEPT, and Rolvung og Brøndsted Arkitekter in collaboration with engineering companies Tri-Consult and Steensen Varming have won the international competition for the first newly built architecture school in Denmark. The jury cites the entry’s playful combination of flexible studio space, specific functions, and public spaces which together create a strong connection to Godsbanearealerne.

The new architecture school will build a bridge between the school and the city, especially to the scale of the local activities. The site borders the “Green Wedge” of Aarhus, an open landscape reclaimed from industrial uses. The building steps down to meet the scale of this informal environment and is divided into smaller structures within the larger building.

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6.CONCLUSIONS

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There is no easy answer to completely cover the research question of how to convert Bimodal Terminal area into a strong and resilient neighborhood. It is absolutely clear that this kind of complex neighborhood scale transformation is both a long-term and a short term systematic processes starting from a structural change from Bolivian government, Santa Cruz municipality planning regulation policy to an organized vision carried out by a complexity of stakeholders acting on the area. New planning guidelines have to combine both top-down and bottom-up. For a neighborhood to be strong and resilient, physical interventions and spatial proposals in the area must consider main problems of the city: segregation, insecurity and poverty. The mostly evident problems are of soft, social character, therefore urban planning methods have to be soft as well. However Santa Cruz still has time to follow a more coherent path of planning the city. It can adapt new, inclusive for all, urban policies and urban strategies with adjecent planning instruments.

To start with metropolitan scale issues, Bimodal Terminal area, having such a low vacancy rate, could become much more dense, especially for it is situated in a central location of a city. That would also help to deal with barely controlable situation of sprawling city into the subburbs. Low density combined with Bimodal Terminal’s poor typological mix makes the area monotonious and disused. The typologies as well as functions per plots don’t mix with each other due to a strict and shallow planning document of ‘Plan director’, which only divides area into seperate parcels. Besides that all the parcels are fenced, what creates physical borders with no unity of the area. Thus interaction of users is very limited, this also creates strict divisions between public and private land, where the suggested scenario is where they would interlap with each other.

Polaryzed typologies don’t allow public activities to happen in private spaces or vice versa. Mixing of typologies and functions might bring more social cohesion for all the users of Bimodal Terminal area.

Such functional mix and promoted diversity through use might become not only a facilitating factor in creating collective continious network of spaces, but also could develop into Bimodal Terminal’s identity. For such mix to appear, it is vital to attract different social groups to the neighborhood. The biggest empowering potential is the youth of Santa Cruz. Since the territory has the space and low density, it is a perfect location for a new educational hub. New educational hub could serve as really needed social catalyst for change, it can combine ‘thinking + doing’.

Different functional buildings together with their specific use and materiality form a new hybrid building complex, which I call Salon de Fiesta, a cultural reference to Bolivian existing typology. Salon de Fiesta merges the diversity of functions, which are needed in local and city scales for social cohesion and bringing together different social networks. The building complex encompasses library, food market, production hall, thinkers lab, logistics hub and community space togeher under couple of different roofs with their specificity. The new typologies are reflecting the Bolivian identity and architectural culture.

The hybridity of functions together with a clear organization of flow between public and private spaces form a new relation and a system of collective spaces, where streetscape merges into insides of the complex and the complex walls are open for the flow from outside. Revitalization of Bimodal Terminal can also provide an important green link to the current public space network of Santa Cruz. It should provide collective space for local residents. Such space acts as a protagonist of the contemporary urban landscape.

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NOTES

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