Rethinking Urban Identities: Rogoredo, Milan

POLITECNICO DI MILANO. SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE MASTER MASTER OF SIENCE IN URBAN PLANNING & POLICY DESIGN ACADEMIC YEAR 2019 URBAN POLICY DESIGN STUDIO

STUDENTS: ANDRES FELIPE CADORNA -LETIZIA CAVALLI-FARNOOSH GOUDARZI-AYANO MERLINI-AHSAAS TARWANI PROFESSORS: ALESSANDRO BALDUCCI - ANTONELLA BRUZZESE TUTURES: ANNARITA LAPENNA-ELENA BATUNOVA-MARYAM KARIMI

ABSTRACT The Aims to achieve two neighborhood images, Eco-Friendly and Creative, by long-term strategic interventions of public and private actors.

This project will implement new developments, mainly taking place in the transformation site, along with new policies that will help new and existing businesses, residents and visitors to interact with the neighborhood in a more eco-friendly and creative way. The focus of the project is put on the setting of guidelines for new businesses owners and developers to help them guide their projects. There are three main phases for the project, where the actions are carried out by various types of actors.

At the end we will provide different scenarios of the project in order to show the flexibility of the project depending on the possible future conditions of the neighborhood.

INDEX 1

Rogoredo Social 1.1 Introduction 1.1.1 South East Milan

2 3

1.2 Undrestanding The Territory

4

1.2.1 Green Infrastructure 1.2.2 Urban Mobility 1.2.3 Land Use 1.2.4 Morphologies 1.2.5 Demography 1.2.6 Actors

5

1.3 PGT proposal

7 10 14 18 19 23

1.4 Problem Formulation 1.5 Problem Definition 1.6 SWOT Analysis

24 26 27

2 Concept Formulation 2.1 Hypothesis 2.2 Concept 2.3 Aims & Goals

3 Startegies

3.1 Project Images 3.2 3 Strategies

32 33 34

36 37

3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6

43 Policies 45 Dynamic Incentives Overall Actions 46 Phases 47 3.6.1 Phase 1 48 3.6.2 Phase 2 53 3.6.3 Phase3 57 61 3.7 Timeline 3.8 Actors and Beneficiaries 63

4 Economical Feasibility 4.1 Assumptions

5 Summary of Project

66

6 Scenarios

6.1 Expected Scenario 6.2 Tendential Scenario 6.3 Worst Case Scenario

7 Synergy with Other Projects

8 Appendix 9 Bibliography 10Figures

76 77 78

ROGOREDO SOCIAL Introduction

1.1 INTRODUCTION Rogoredo is a small neighborhood located in the southeast of Milan. Our project area is defined by the railway on the north and east, the highway connecting Rogoredo station and Corso Lodi, and Viale Lucania. It was planned as a hub for product delivery by railway from Porto di Mare.

The main character of the Rogoredo neighborhood is its unique location. It is on the periphery of the city of Milan and it is an important connection for the southern areas, mainly the agricultural areas, and the center city of Milan. Accessible by the M3 Metro or the railway. The railway has a strong connection with the neighborhood.

Although it is an accessible area by public transportation, compared to the surrounding areas, Rogoredo is isolated by the railway on the north and east, and also the highway that cuts off the connection from the adjacent south neighborhood. From these conditions, the Rogoredo area is a physically disconnected area that is difficult to access by foot or car except of the only accessibly street, Viale Lucania.

Figure 1- Photos of Rogoredo Current Situation

2

1.1.1 SOUTH EAST MILAN

obdf l k^i =p` ^i b kbf de_l oel l a=p` ^i

b

af pqof ` q=p` ^i b

Our project area is located in the southeast periphery of Milan. It is part of District 4 of Milan’s municipality districts. Though a small neighborhood, the neighborhood of Rogoredo is recognized as a neighborhood with a railway station with connections to other regional areas of the city.

3

Figure 2- Location of project area in three scales

1.2 UNDRESTANDING THE TERRITORY 1884

1907

1919

1953

1980 Figure 3- Historical change in Rogoredo

1884: Beruto’s Regulator plan which expect the desappearence of canals from the city’s center and the creation of an harbour in Porto di Mare thanks to big available space to convey all the city water.

1907:The engineers of Milan present their project for the area in order to create a Darsena. The great basin would have included 5 huge docking piers, immediately reduced to 4, it would have continued northwards, connecting to the Martesana, passing east of the Idroscalo, to connect with the Rogoredo and Porta Romana railway lines.Specific railway lines would connect the port with the Rogoredo and Porta Romana stations.

1919: Start of excavation works for the harbour, the water fills the basin creating an area appreciated by fishermans.

1953: The new Corvetto-Rogoredo Dock is included in the new town plan. The Municipality returns to the project again, but for the third time everything stops.

1980: Up to the 80’s the life of the district therefore revolved around the activity of the great industries, which made use of the station, located on the railway line that leads from Milan to Pavia and Piacenza, and from its freight yard.With the Milanese building expansion, a strengthening of the suburban section became necessary

4

1.2.1 GREEN INFRASTRUCURE REGIONAL SCALE

In large scale, the city of Milan has more green spaces on the south side than on the north side. The Rogoredo neighborhood is in between the center of Milan and the southern agricultural areas. Having the railway station in the area, it has the potential to become a strong connector of the two areas.

Water Areas

5

Figure 4- City scale map of green

Agricultural Areas

NEIGHBORHOOD SCALE

Parco Emilio Alessandri City Scale Public Park Rail way Neighborhood Scale Green Space Corvetto Urban Fabric High Way Parc Avventura Corvetto City Scale Public Park Parco Sud Agricultural Land

Permeable areas and public parks are located in the residential areas. Although there are green spaces located just outside of the boundary of the area, it is difficult for the residence to access them because of the railway tracks and highway.

Permeable Areas

Agricultural Areas

Figure 5- Neigborhood scale green space map

Green Areas with Environmental

Public Green Spaces

6

1.2.2 URBAN MOBILITY REGIONAL SCALE

Centrale Lambrate

Garibaldi

Cadorna

P. Genova

Garibaldi P. Genova

Regional Train

7

Centrale Lambrate

Rogoredo station is one of the hubs that connect the suburbs and the city center.

It has many connections with stations within the Lombardy region, which come from many different directions, including the city center. Although it is located on the periphery of the center city of Milan, the yellow metro line M3 connects It and the center of the city. With the metro and the regional train passing through the area, Rogoredo is a well-connected place in the sense of large to medium scale public transportation.

Rogoredo

Metro Lines

Figure 6-7-Regional railway network & metro network

Multimodal Transport Node

Stations Connected with Rogoredo

Railway

Area

NEIGHBORHOOD SCALE

Max: 12 m

Most polluting vehicles

Brenta

Route to acces to productive and logistic areas Corvetto

Boundary of “Area B”

There are three metro stops located in Rogoredo area along with four different bus lines, making the area accessible from adjacent neighborhoods in the means of public transportation.

Porto di Mare

Rogoredo

Bus 93: Lambrate - Viale Omero Bus 34: Via Toffetti - Q.re Fatima

Bus 84: San Donato - L.go Augusto Bus 95: Q.re Varona - Rogoredo FS M3

Figure 8-9- Neigborhood scale transportation network - Limit area B-C

Coverage of 500m buffer around metro station Metro station

Yellow Metro Line

Railway

Multimodal transport node

8

STREET HIERARCHY

A

C

C

D

D

Via Toffeti

A A

E

Autostrada del Sole

B

E

B

B

C

Viale Puglie

Viale Lucania

E

9

Via Boncompagni

Figure 10-Street sections of Rogoredo

D

There are five different street hierarchy types in Rogoredo. Viale Puglie; a fourlane road with sidewalks, Viale Lucania; a multi-lane road on different levels, Autodtrada del Sole; the highway, Via Toffetti; a six-lane road running through logistic area, and Via Boncompagni; a three-lane road with a bus lane in the middle.

1.2.3 LAND USE NEIGHBORHOOD SCALE

46%

36%

7%

% 11

Almost half of the land-use of the area consists of industrial land-use and warehouses. Residential areas are located mainly on the east side of the neighborhood. Despite having some public parks near the residential area, the ratio of green sapaces only amount to 11% of the entire area.

Industrial Area

Figure 11-Landuse map Rorogredo

Green Space

Residential Area

Public Services

10

DIFFERENT USE OF PUBLIC SPACE

Weekly flea market is held in Viale Lucania on Tuesday between 7:30 am and 2:00 pm.

Mainly related to the sale of fruit, vegetables and clothes.

Many caravans are parked on the side of Via Tertulliano, taking advantage of the fact that it is an area of little vehicular circulation.

Gypsy community located an temporal camp next to the railway tracks, outside of the north boudary of the neighborhood. market

11

Carevans

Figure 12-Location and type of diffrently used public spaces

GYPSY

PUBLIC SERVICES

The neighborhood has good supply of educational facilities, concentrated around Via Martinengo.

Punta Alla Luna is the only library in the neighborhood located in Via Boncompagni. it generates some cultural events mainly for children.

There is a small football field next to Via Fratelli with an indoor play space for children.

There are two religious official facilities in the neighborhood (church) + one non official warehouse used as workship place over Via Toffetti for the muslim community.

EDUCATION

CULTURE

Figure 13-Location and type of public services

SPORT

RELIGION

12

ABANDONED AREA

The Transformation Areas (ATU) of Rogoredo and Toffetti are partly abandoned, with only some buildings used for logistic activities and as warehouses.

A large building of seven stories in Via Sulmona is left abandoned. This building is owned by INSP company.

Some productive area, mainly located around via Toffetti, are currently abandoned.

Some abandoned residential near to Rogoredo station have a great level of degradation of facades.

TRANSFORMATION

ADMINISTRATIVE

13 Figure 14- location and type of abandoned areas

PRODUCTIVE

RESIDENTAL

1.2.4 MORPHOLOGIES BLOCKS AND STREETS

BUILT VS. OPEN

1

2

3

There are three morphological types in Rogoredo. Type 1, which is located in the northeast part of the neighborhood are mainly used as industrial buildings or warehouses. Type 2 is located in the north west side of the neighborhood. This type 2 mainly is used as residential buildings.

Type 3 is located in the southwest side of the neighborhood, which is used mainly for commercial and residential buildings.

Figure 15- 16- street & block structure-The three block typologies of the neighborhood

14

TYPE 1

Coarse grain pattern Average Grain size: 350 m x 300 m Building uses: warehouses, logistics, retail super stores some IT offices Typical Built-form and street interface

City Block

Courtyard

Solitaire

15 Figure 17-18-Type 1 street and block structure diagram-Type 1 figure-ground diagram

TYPE 2

Fine grain pattern Average Grain size: 200 m x 50 m Building uses: Residential towers Typical Built-form and street interface

Ribbon

Solitaire

Figure 19-20-Type 2 street and block structure diagram-Type 2 figure -ground diagram

16

TYPE 3

Fine grain pattern Average Grain size: 200m x 200 m Building uses: Residential apartments Domestic retail stores Hotel Automobile showrooms Typical Built-form and street interface

City Block

17 Figure 21-22-Type 3 steet and block structure diagram-Type 3 figure-ground diagram

1.2.5 DEMOGRAPHY DISTRICT LEVEL

2018

2030

THE YOUNG (0-18)

16.1%

17.1%

THE ADULTS (19-64)

60.3%

60.4%

THE OLD (older 65)

23.6%

22.6%

PHILIPPINES 18.2 % 25.8% EGIPT 15.7% PERU 9.1% 21.1%

The Rogoredo neighborhood varies in race and age. By 2030, the population of the young and adults is expected to increase slightly, while the population of the over 65-year-olds will decrease.

Justice, security and civil protection

Infrastructure for mobility and public transport

Social Housing Construction

Social Services

Figure 23-24-25- Plot of problems occrurring in Rogoredo & adjacent neighborhoods-percentage of foreign nationalities -Cahnge of population in diffrent age groups

Green

Health

Source: PGT - Schede dei Nuclei di Identità Locale. 2008- figure

18

1.2.6 ACTORS Residences Cooperative Societies Individual residences

Retail Services Eateries | Grocery stores Clubs Home Decor Super Stores Real Estate Developers Estate Owners MNC’s/ Offices

Public Institutions Associations | Foundations Schools | Libraries Religious Institutions Public Administration Commune di Milano Municipios ATM Bus Services Working class Warehouse employees IT office employees

19 Figure 26- Theoretical actors participation diagram

In the Rogoredo neighborhood there are several actors that are strongly connected with the area. Other than the residents, a lot of workers come from outside of the neighborhood to work in IT offices, warehouse etc. Retail stores, businesses and property owners, as well as developers also play important roles as actors in this neighborhood.

PEOPEL INTERVIEWS

KEYWORDS:

DISCONNECTED ABANDONED AREAS

DRUGDEALERS LACK OF PLACES FOR YOUNG LACK OF TRANSPORT LACK OF SECURITY

LACK OF RETAIL DEMAGED CARS

The main impression of the citizens involved in the Rogoredo neighborhood is the sense of insecurity. Also, the lack of activities was one of the topics of the street interviews, pointing out that there are few places to hang out with friends after work.

CATEGORIES: RETAIL SHOP OWNERS

RESIDENTS

Figure 27- Street interview locations & content

WORKERS/EMPLOYEES

STUDENTS

20

NIL ANALYSIS

LACK OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT TRAFFIC OVERLOAD

SECURITY LACK OF PLACES FOR YOUNG ABANDONED BUILDINGS

The NIL states there are security and infrastructure problems in the Rogoredo neighborhood. Abandoned buildings bring the sense of insecurity to citizens.

The infrastructure problems are the traffic overload at Corso Lodi and Piazza Corvetto and the lack of frequency in public transportation in the center part of Rogoredo neighborhood.

Justis,Security & civil Protection

21 Figure 28- Plot of current problems of Rogoredo

Infrastructure for Mobility & Public Transportation

Social Housing Construction

KEY AGENCIES and LOCAL AUTHORITIES INTERVIES

NOT DIFFERENT FROM OTHER NEIGHBORHOODS RELATIONS WITH ORTOMERCATO STRONG COMMUNITY ABANDONED AREAS

Ferrovie Italiane

ATM-Azienda Trasporti Milanesi

Figure 29- Actor’s interview’s location & content

Associations

Metro

Police/Carabinieri

Municipio 4

22

1.3 PGT PROPOSAL STRATEGIES • Make space for the environment.Projects for soil and water.

3 New green areas inside the transect + Santa Giulia Urban park + Improve of Emilio Alessandrini park.

• Bringing neighborhoods together.Public space as a common good Valorization of first floors: enhance local commerce/ services.

6 new plazas. “Slow speed” areas.

• Connect people and places Interchange node around Rogoredo station: Re-use and densification. Sustainable mobility.

• Transform, attract, excel. The opportunity of urban attractors.

Influence in suroundings : transformation of Porto Di Mare: Institutional, Educational, Logistic, Health and sport facilities.

• Regenerate the city. Peripheries in the center Almost all the transect is a “Urban regeneration area” mainly focused in Rogoredo interchange node and the new plazas.

• Make Milan fair. More houses for social rent Influence in suroundings with more housesfor social rent through mantainance and improvement of abandoned buildings: Mazzini. Omero.

Knots of interchange Piazze

23

Sovra-comunal services

Stops Circle Line

Figure 30- Strategies map from PGT

Circle Line

Big transformation

Green Areas

Social housing

Transformations areas

Environmental Regeneration Spaces for pedestrian purposes

Green connections

1.4 PROBLEM FORMULATION

Figure 31- Problems formulation mind map

24

GEOLOCALIZING PROBLEMS SOCIAL PROBLEMS

ILLEGAL ACTIVITIES

ABANDONED AREAS

• Thiefs • Drugdealers • Car thiefs

• Empty areas • Abandoned buildin-

MONOFUNCTIONALITY • Lack of retail • Lack of public space • Lack of amenities for young people

25

PHYSICAL PROBLEMS

Figure32-Social and Physical Problems map

BARRIER

• Railway • Bridge NO APPRECIATION OF PUBIC SPACE NO SOFT MOBILITY NETWORK

1.5 PROBLEM DEFINITION EXISTING CONDITIONS

CITY LEVEL

DISTRICT LEVEL

NEIGHBORHOOD LEVEL

PROBLEM STATEMENT The neighbourhood is well connected in the scale of the city, however, the connections at the district level are severed by the arterial roads and railway routes on South-west and North-East edges respectively. This condition is further amplified by the fragmentation of the neighbourhood into residential & logistical area. The morphological conditions of the neihbourhood lead to safety issues and sense of insecuirty , which inturn has affected the typology of new development further exagerrating the anti-social conditions.

Figure 33- Physical and social connections concerning Rogoredo in 3 scals

26

1.6 SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGHT

Metropolitan Scale Rogoredo station as a transit area

District Level Act as Green Area in the Weekends

Near to Agriculture Lands Afordable Housing

27

Figure 34- Strengths of Rogoredo in 3 scales

Healthy and Livable Neighborhood

Strong Sence of Community Sport Facilities Proximity to Public Transport (partly) Metro and Train

Employments (Warehouses) Super Retail Store (Cheap Floor Space)

Neighborhood level

Shared Amenities (Weekly market)

Good Built vs Green Ratio

WEAKNESSES

Metropolitan Scale No Focal Point (Strong Centrality) in South East of Milan

District Level

Neighborhood level

Traffic Congestion in Arterials Roades

Abandond Areas (Physical Barriers)

Introverted Neighborhoods

Lack of public trasport (bus) and Sustainable mobility Poor Street Environment

Poor Quality of Public Spaces Introverted Architectural Program Two Individual Entities

Figure35-weaknesses of Rogoredo in 3 scales

28

OPPORTUNITIES

Metropolitan Scale

District Level

Rogoredo station as a transit area ( PGT)

Railyard Regeneration- (New investements)

Re-using Abandoned Area

Perifery of Parco Sud and Agriculture Economy

Edge City- Santa Guilia Development

New Investments (Transformation the Logistic Areas)

Active association ( Agri-farming)

29

Neighborhood level

Figure 36- opportunities of Rogoredo in 3 scales

Varied in Architecture

THREATS

Metropolitan Scale In recent years, Rogoredo has a reputation of bad environment. We can find multiple news that cover the problems occurring in Rogoredo, most of them focusing on the dangerous environment of the neighborhood.

Figure37 - Threats of Rogoredo in 3 scales

District Level

Neighborhood level

Thieves Thugs

Illegal Accomodiatio

Drug Dealers

Thieves and Mugging

Drug Deal

30

1.3 PROPOSAL

CONCEPT FORMULATION

2.1 HYPOTHESIS THEORIES “Connectedness between as well as within localities is essential for vitality, viability and choice. Rather than a fragmented, agency-by-agency pattern of provision it is the links between activities and between places that help ensure their success.”

Barton & Guise. “Shaping neighborhoods” 2003 “There must be Eyes upon the Street, eyes belonging to those we might call the natural proprietors of street. The buildings on a street equipped to handle strangers and to insure the safety of both residents and strangers, must be oriented to the street. They cannot turn their back or blank side on it and leave it blind.”

Jane Jacobs.” The Death and Life of Great American Cities”

Figure38 - Montage of activities and their connections with Rogoredo

32

2.2 CONCEPT TWO SCALES OF SUTURING

INTERNAL SUTURING

EXTERNAL TISSUE SUTURING

33

Figure 39-40-Illustration of internal suturing-Illustration of external tissue suturing

By introducing urban “sutures”, the project seeks to stitch the isolated site with the nearby urban tissue so as to form an unified urban fabric.

This suturing process shall not only include physical but also social suturing, introducing connections which shall promote generation of patterns of usages at the district as well as neighbourhood level.

2.3 AIMS & GOALS The aim is to enhace the quality of living in the area through forming a mechanism which will mobilise the community taking advantage of the current tranformation of the area from an industrial area to an integrated Milanese urbanity, thereby strenthening the centrality of the area in the Metropolitan context.

Green Areas Soft mobility IT park ecology Super retail stores Affordable housing Quality of open spaces Entertainment District Community participation

Figure 41 - Possible plots of activities in the neighborhood

34

1.3 PROPOSAL

3

STRATEGIES

3.1 PROJECT IMAGES THE CREATIVE IMAGE

THE ECO_FRIENDLY IMAGE

The vision of the project is bifold and manifested through the two images which act as guides for formulating the actions for the project. The creative image is the vision of the project to create enabling conditions for the creative class of Milan, especially targeting the design students, recent graduates and start up initiatives. The intention is to compliment the creative ecology of Milano, the ‘Design’ city, by providing infrastructure for design graduates to learn skills beyond the schools in an interdisciplinary hub of fellow creatives, which Milan currently under-delivers respite of having a plethora of design schools.

The vision also benefits the neighbourhood by bringing in new energy and eventually upgrade its social image. The eco-friendly image shall compliment this creative image and supplement the Sustainable development goals of the city of Milan.

E-Governace Guidlines

Special Events Culture factory Improvement of Local Parks

Adaptable Re-use

Figure 42-43- Plots of implemented actions in creative and eco-friendly neighborhood

Slow Mobility Guidlines

Green corridors New Green

Transformation

36

3.2 THREE STRATEGIES

Review of Strategies

existing development Potential new development (invisible hand) existing development

Strategy 1 Strategy 1 production Culture consumption and

Culture consumption and production

Strategy 2 Bridging the gapsStrategy 2

Bridging the gaps

Potential new development (invisible hand)

Strategy 3

Strategy 3 Reinforce Resillience

Reinforce Resillience

OUTPUTS

37

OUTPUTS Spaces which allow creative class expression Small enterprises and investors Public parks more attractive Rogoredo as centrality Cooperation between associations and Reduced illegal activities community leaders cohesive community

Mixed use integration Green Corridor and BGI network Migration to more efficiency energy techRogoredo station as multi modal transport Big Investors mobilised Unified visual identity nology Slow mobility network and service Green Corridor and BGI network Energy efficient living Open fence that improve accesibility Rogoredo station as multi modal transport Increased Redundancy Increased housing stock + residential stock Slow mobility

OUTCOME OUTPUTS Major attractiveness for creative activities Small enterprises and investors Rogoredo as strong centrality Rogoredo as strong centrality Reduced illegal activities Reduced illegal activities Renewed urban identity Renewed urban identity

Unified visual identity Cohesive urban fabric CohesiveBig urban fabric mobilised Mixed useEnergy integration efficient living Investors Increased housing stock + residential stock Increased Redundancy Centrality further strengthened Centrality further strengthened Guided development on NS green corridor Guided development on NS green corridor

Figure 44-45-46- 3 proposals startegies for the neighborhood

STRATEGIE 1

new social image

website and app

neighborhood radio

Renewed Social Identity

Events

Improvement of local parks

Adaptable reuse of Abandoned areas

Culture factory project

Social Connections

Figure 47- First strategy proposal

38

STRATEGIE 2

Bike sharing

parking facili-

improved corridor for soft

improved safety in

Towards slow mobility

New green recreational

ATU Railward tranformation

Boulevard project: N-S green corridor

Opening up the private yards

39

Figure 48-Second startegy proposal

pedestrain bridge

STRATEGIE 3 services green residential industrial

Landuse goals

Urban Design kit for parks and street aesthetics

ground floor permeable

mixed use

Building typologies which promote interactions

Regulated building

Limitations on building maximum dimensions

remove compound walls, fencing as alterna-

25% public space on ground

facade redevelopment

existing development Potential new development (invisible hand)

Developmental guidelines

Figure 49-Third strategy proposal

40

BRIDGING THE GAP

Residents Workers/artisans Tourists Entrepeneurs Creative class

41

Figure 50- Actions,actors & beneficiaries of all strategies

Residents Street users Owners Developers Low income tenants

REINFORCE RESILIENCE Development guidelines Urban Design Kit Energy and Water Efficiency guidelines

Comune di Milano Developer Collective owners Individual owners

BENIFICIARIES

ACTORS

ACTIONS

03

BENIFICIARIES

BENIFICIARIES

Comune di Milano Community associations Events planner Investors Developer Owners

Towards slow mobility New green areas Railway yard tranfsormation (ATU Toffetti-Rogoredo) Boulevard project: Green corridors

Residents Street users Owners

Comune di Milano ATM AMAT Bike-Mi Ferrovie dello Stato Developers

ACTORS

Renewed urban identity Cultural events Culture factory project Adaptable reuse of abandoned areas Improve local parks

02 ACTIONS

ACTIONS

CULTURE PRODUCTION

ACTORS

01

POLICIES

43

3.3 POLICIES

Shift to E-governance (Pilot for the city)

Rogoredo First (Autonomous managing body)

Allow diversity of religious faiths to flourish

The e-governance system through secured log in on mobile apps and websites aims at bringing social inclusion and increased participation from all the users of the neighborhood, namely, the residential community (which is unavailable during the week as most are employed in the city center) and the warehouses + offices employees, who arent available post working hours and never are able to participate in decision making process of the neighbourhood.

The app shall use ICT secure services and also have information page for events, blog for the users of the neighbourhood.

The Laborotorio de Quartiere shifts from administrative to social entrepreneurship model endowed with functional autonomy and economic management, without legal personality.

With the mobilization of political resources, this policy upgrade will put existing mosque in the neighborhood to be included in the Piano attrezzature religiose.

Phase 1 onwards

Phase 1 onwards

Its additional competences cover:

The policy is in synergy with intention to make the neighborhood a place of diversity and plurality.

1. Management, protection and of the neighborhood.

2. Acting as a promoter to achieve the desired actions of creative and eco-friendly images in a holistic manner.

3. Creating platforms of exchange among various investors, associations, users and visitors encouraging social cohesion.

Phase 1 onwards

Extending time-limits of Private-activities of public nature to early morning / 24 hours

Dynamic Incremental Incentives and Active monitoring

Rental system for abandoned spaces ,pods and cafes

As a measure to increase the sense of security and safety in the late night hours, the retail outlets like supermarkets and pubs and cafes should be allowed to operate till late hours.

The policy works as an instrument to guide the development by the private actors to the desired goals of developmental guidelines and desired landuse to be achieved.

This policy also adds value to the measure to create enabling conditions for creative classes to invest in the neighborhood.

The autonomous body ‘Rogoredo First’ shall be involved in active monitoring of the private actions by informing and suggesting the private actors about the dynamic and incremental incentives (which shall keep changing with the consecutive actions of different private actors) in alignment with the desired landuse percentage to be achieved thus creating an equitable value to each private action regardless of the timeline of the actions.

‘Rogoredo First’ shall convene with the residential users to formulate the rate list (with percentages share for house owners and Commune di Milano) to renting out the cafe pavilions and co-work pods to be installed in the yards of the private properties.

Another by-product of the policy can be informal bottom events like pub crawls, which may operate at city level, connecting to Macao and beyond in the city center.

Phase 1 onwards

Phase 2 onwards

‘Rogoredo First’ shall also formulate the (subsidized through the existing policy of Bando ‘Metter Su Bottega’ ) ‘to let’ rate list for renting out the abandoned warehouses in ATU area to artist communities.

Phase 2 onwards

44

3.4 DYNAMIC INCENTIVE

Eco-friendly

Energy efficiency*: The developers could apply for a subsidized loan with the following benefits: - Fixed subsidized rate up to 4%.

- Duration 10 years, including 2 years of prior depreciation.

- Loan without guarantee.

- Get over the total cost of implementation the following %:

5%

Replacement of diesel heat generators.

15%

Thermal insulation interventions of at least 40% of the envelope.

20%

Thermal insulation of at least 40% of the roof, construction of green roofs and solar heating system.

Improvement of facade:

Creative

The owner of a building (individuals or associations) could apply for the following % of nonrefundable loan over the total cost of the investment depending on the type of intervention:

Entreprenuership events: Companies that undertake to hold at least two events in the neighborhood can take advantage of:

Promotion of small business: Relaunch BANDO “METTER SU BOTTEGA”** for new micro or small business in the peripherial areas: artesian, retails or services.

3 financial support measures:

10%

20%

for renovation of old facade.

for art facade with local artists.

6 days

Priority of use

in one location identified in the city centre for a promotional space with a reduction of 90 % in fee; total 25%ofcost

of a nonrefundable loan.

25%

for green walls or vertical gardens.

of public land in central locations.

total 25% ofcost

of a subsidized loan for a total amount not exceeding 50.000 € per project.

total 50% ofcost

remaining is facilitated through an easy access credits.

*The Municipality of Milan has allocated EU 23 million in grants to help improve the energy efficiency of heating systems and buildings in the Bando BE2. **Last call of the Bando in 2018 the Comune di Milano allocated 1,4 M €

45

3.5 OVERALL ACTIONS BUSINESS INCUBATOR

IMPROVMENT OF LOCAL PARKS

OFFICES AND RETAIL

BRIDGE TO SANTA GIULIA AFFORDABLE HOUSING AND RESIDENCES

ENERGY EFFICIENCY INCENTIVES

CULTURE FACTORY

NEW GREEN AREAS

Improvement of slow mobility Reshaping intersections Incentives Transformation area buildings Culture Factory Green areas

Figure 51- Map of overal actions in the neighborhood

46

3.6 PHASES

47

3.6.1 PHASE 1

48

49

E

AS H P

50

E

AS H P

51

E

AS H P

52

3.6.2 PHASE 2

53

54

E

AS H P

55

E

AS H P

56

3.6.3 PHASE 3

TRANSFORMATION AREA PROJECT -Affordable housing -Residential -Retail

TRANSFORMATION AREA PROJECT -Offices -Retail -Residental

Transformation area buildings Green areas

57

Figure 62-Detailed map of phase 3

ACTION PHASE 3

ACTORS:

Comune di Milano Owners/developers Associations Ferrovie dello Stato

BENEFICIARIES: Street users Residents

Figure 63-Detaied view of part of the project

58

E

AS H P

03

BRIDGE OVER THE RAILYARD

STRATEGIES

ACTIONS

ACTORS

AIMS

Bridging the gap

Towards slow mobility Railyard transformation ATU Toffetti/Rogoredo Bridge over railway Boulevar project: Vía Toffetti Guidelines: o Urban Design kit o Development guidelines

Commune di Milano

Street users

Developer/ Investor

Neighborhood and District residents

Reinforce resilience

59

Figure 64-Photomontage of proposed bridge project

Ferrovie dello stato Tourist

60

3.7 TIMELINE ACTION RELATED

PHASE 1 2020

TRASVERSAL ACTIONS ACTIONS INTERVENTIONS

2021

PHASE 2 2022

PHASE 3 2023

2024

2025

Via Toffetti Improve local parks New green areas Slow mobility Transformation area Part 1-Retail+Park& ride Bridge forest park Transformation area Part 2-Offices and residential

61

Figure 65-Timeline of actions implemented in each phase

Culture Factory

2027

P

Cultural events Reuse of abandoned spaces Guidelines

Renewed urban identity

2026

POLICY RELATED

PHASE 2

PHASE 1 2020

PROPOSED POLICIES

2021

2022

PHASE 3 2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

Shift to E-governance Rogoredo First Allow diversity of religions Incremental Incentives Active monitoring Extending time limits of activities Rental system for abandoned spaces,pods and cafes

EXISTING POLICIES

Eventi Nei Quartieri Muri Liberi Bando ‘Metter Su Bottega’ Bando BE2

Figure 66-Timeline of policies implemented in each phase

62

3.8 ACTORS & BENEFICIARIES BENEFICIARIES

Neighborhood and District Residents

Workers in different fields

Tourist and visitors

Artisan / Craftman

Creative class community

Street user: Pedestrian, biker, car and public transport user

Collective and individual owners

ACTORS Comune di Milano with its all entities Transport Company of Milan Bike share Company Company for the mobility, enviroment and territory

Collective and individual owners Creative class community

Developer / investor Event planner / Manager

Company that manages infrastructure and services on rail network Associations working in the district level Phase 3

63

Phase 2

Figure 67-Relation of actors and beneficiares in each phase

Phase 1

64

4

ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY

4.1 ASSUMPTIONS ASSUMPTIONS The business plan for Rogoredo development is conceived with the following assumptions: • • • • • • • • • •

It will take 4 years to complete all of the construction; the cost will be distributed equally during these years.

The architecture and engineering fees will be paid the first year.

The funding cost and subdivision cost will be paid during the first two years.

For both ATUs the subdivision cost is 300 €/sq.m*.

Affordable housing units are at least 30% of the SLP in the case of Rogoredo ATU and 50% of SLP in the case of Toffetti ATU.It will generate a rent of 100 €/sq.m. per year for 7 years. In the year 8 they will be sold for a price of 3.000 €/ sq.m.

The management cost for the public spaces will be paid during the first 7 years, starting from the fourth year upon the completion of construction.

The discount rate is assumed to be 7% and will be calculated over 12 years.

The sales start in the third year divide equally during 3 years, beginning with the retail areas.

The Park & Ride area will generate a rent of 100 €/sq.m. per year for 9 years beginning when Toffetti street project starts its operation. In the year 10 they will be sold for a price of 3.000 €/ sq.m.

Strategy

Culture production / Culture Consumption

Interventions

Unit

E-governance

Unit

Culture factory project

Improve of local parks Towards slow mobility

Bridging the gap

New green areas Bridge over railway Boulevar project: green corridors

Cost construction per unit (Є)

Quantity

Total Cost construction (Є)

1

50.000

50.000

sqm (include plot and construction cost)

5.800

1.100

6.380.000

sqm Unit Km Unit sqm Unit Km

8.500 3 4,7 3 7.900 1 3,1

60 12.480 160.000 250.000 450 2.500.000 250.000 TOTAL COST TOTAL ONERI DI URBANIZZAZIONE

510.000 37.440 752.000 750.000 3.555.000 2.500.000 775.000 15.309.440 15.326.400

*The budget received from subdivision cost of ATUs is used for the public actions: Bike paths, Culture factory, green corridors, bike share stations, bridge over railway, etc.* Figure 68-Table of total cost of oneri di urbanizzazione

66

COST & REVENUES- TOFETTI DEVELOPMENT COST Cost of landplot Subdivsion costs - Oneri di urbanizzazione - Opere di urbanizzazione Construction costs - Residential - Retail - Affordable housing Project fees - Urban planning - Architecture and Engineering Funding costs - Cost of debt

MANAGEMENT COST Asset management - Selling fees - Letting fees Property management costs - Costs for collecting rents Management cost of public spaces - Parks

REVENUES FOR SALES

COST €/sqm

QUANTITY

SLP free market: 700 / Slp affordable housing: 300

SLP Free market 11.200 / SLP Affordable housing 4.800

200 16.000 General costo for adecuation of green areas.

9.600 1.600 4.800

3.200.000 80.000 9.600.000 1.600.000 4.800.000

Unique cost for the project 8% of the construction cost 16.000.000

20.000 1.280.000

10% of all the expenses

29.860.000

2.986.000

TOTAL COST (€ per year)

COST €/sqm per year

QUANTITY

3% of the sales

52.800.000 3% of the rents

1.584.000

2% of the rents 10

9.509

INCOME €/sqm

QUANTITY

3.500 3.000 3.000

INCOME €/sqm per year

Rents - Affordable housing

67

9.280.000

1.000 1.000 1.000

Sales proceedings - Residential - Retail - Affordable housing

REVENUES FOR RENTS

TOTAL COST (€)

Figure 69-Table of cost and revenue of via Toffetti Project

100

95.090

TOTAL INCOME 9.600 1.600 4.800

33.600.000 4.800.000 14.400.000

TOTAL INCOME (€ per year)

QUANTITY 4.800

480.000

COST & REVENUES - ROGOREDO DEVELOPMENT COST Cost of landplot Subdivsion costs - Oneri di urbanizzazione - Opere di urbanizzazione Construction costs - residential - retail - offices - Park & Ride - affordable housing Project fees - urban planning - architecture and Engineering Funding costs - cost of debt

MANAGEMENT COST Asset management - selling fees - letting fees Property management costs - costs for collecting rents Management cost of public spaces - parks

REVENUES FOR SALES Sales proceedings - Residential - Office - Retail - Park & Ride - Affordable housing

REVENUES FOR RENTS Rents - Affordable housing - Park & Ride

COST €/sqm

QUANTITY

SLP free market: 700 / Slp affordable housing: 300

SLP Free market 30.316 / SLP Affordable housing 30.316

TOTAL COST (€)

200 60.632 General costo for adecuation of green areas.

12.126 6.063 9.095 3.032 30.316 Unique cost for the project 8% of the construction cost 10% of all the expenses

30.316.000

12.126.400 400.000

1.000 1.000 1.000 600 1.000

12.126.400 6.063.200 9.094.800 1.818.960 30.316.000

59.419.360

60.000 4.753.549

107.075.309

10.707.531

COST €/sqm per year

QUANTITY

3% of the sales

178.864.400 3% of the rents

TOTAL COST (€ per year) 5.365.932

2% of the rents 10

38.977

INCOME €/sqm

QUANTITY

3.500 3.000 2.000 3.000 3.000

INCOME €/sqm per year 100 100

Figure 70- Table of cost and revenue of proposed Rogoredo project

12.126 6.063 9.095 3.032 30.316

QUANTITY 30.316 3.032

389.772

TOTAL INCOME 42.442.400 18.189.600 18.189.600 9.094.800 90.948.000

TOTAL INCOME (€ per year) 3.031.600 303.160

68

BUSINESS PLAN ATU. TOFETTI RAILYARD DEVELOPMENT COST

Year 1

Cost of landplot

ATU TOFFETTI (PGT) Total surface (ST): 86.616 sqm.

Indice di utilizzazione territoriale (UT): 0.7 Superficie lorda di Pavimento (SLP): 60.632 sqm.

Residential (20%): 12.126 sqm.

Retail (10%): 6.063 sqm.

Offices (15%): 9.095 sqm.

Park & Ride (5%): 3.032 sqm.

Affordable housing (50%): 30.316 sqm.

Park and public space (50% ST): 38.977 sqm.

Subdivsion costs - Oneri di urbanizzazione - Opere di urbanizzazione Construction costs - residential - retail - offices - Park & Ride - affordable housing Project fees - urban planning - architecture and Engineering Funding costs - cost of debt

Year 2

Year 3

7.579.000

7.579.000

6.063.200 200.000

6.063.200 200.000

3.031.600 1.515.800 2.273.700 454.740 7.579.000

Year 4

Year 5

7.579.000

7.579.000

3.031.600 1.515.800 2.273.700 454.740 7.579.000

3.031.600 1.515.800 2.273.700 454.740 7.579.000

3.031.600 1.515.800 2.273.700 454.740 7.579.000

2.676.883

2.676.883

2.676.883

788.216 90.948

788.216 90.948

788.216 1.000.428

60.632

60.632

666.952

60.000 4.753.549 2.676.883

MANAGEMENT COST Asset management - selling fees - letting fees Property management costs - costs for collecting rents Management cost of public spaces - parks

389.772

36.187.472

TOTAL COSTS

31.373.923

26.050.519

26.050.519

2.845.368

14.147.467 6.063.200 6.063.200

14.147.467 6.063.200 6.063.200

14.147.467 6.063.200 6.063.200

303.160

303.160

3.031.600 303.160

26.577.027

26.577.027

29.608.627

REVENUES FOR SALES Sales proceedings - Residential - Office - Retail - Park & Ride - Affordable housing

REVENUES FOR RENTS Rents - Affordable housing - Park & Ride

-

TOTAL REVENUES

69

-

PROFIT OR LOSS

-

36.187.472

- 31.373.923

526.508

526.508

26.763.259

DISCOUNTED PROFIT OR LOSS

- 33.820.067

- 27.403.199

429.787

401.670

19.081.834

Figure 71-72-map with the amount of space proposed for ATU Toffetti area-Table of business plan of Toffetti railyard

Year 6

Year 7

Year 8

Year 9

Year 10

Year 11

Year 12

total 30.316.000

12.126.400 400.000 12.126.400 6.063.200 9.094.800 1.818.960 30.316.000 60.000 4.753.549 10.707.531

1.000.428

1.000.428

1.000.428

1.000.428

1.000.428

1.000.428

2.728.440

5.093.088 7.184.892

666.952

666.952

666.952

666.952

666.952

666.952

4.789.928

389.772

389.772

389.772

389.772

389.772

389.772

2.728.404

2.057.152

2.057.152

2.057.152

2.057.152

2.057.152

2.057.152

2.728.440

137.579.152

9.094.800 90.948.000

42.442.400 18.189.600 18.189.600 9.094.800 90.948.000

3.031.600 303.160

3.031.600 303.160

3.031.600 303.160

3.031.600 303.160

3.031.600 303.160

3.031.600 303.160

3.334.760

3.334.760

3.334.760

3.334.760

3.334.760

3.334.760

100.042.800

1.277.608

1.277.608

1.277.608

1.277.608

1.277.608

1.277.608

97.314.360

851.324

795.630

743.579

694.934

649.471

606.982

43.208.740

∑ OF DISCOUNTED PROFIT OR LOSS

21.221.200 2.728.440

202.814.040

6.240.686

70

BUSINESS PLAN ATU.ROGOREDO RAILYARD DEVELOPMENT COST

Year 1

Cost of landplot Subdivsion costs - Oneri di urbanizzazione - Opere di urbanizzazione Construction costs - Residential - Retail - Affordable housing Project fees - Urban planning - Architecture and Engineering Funding costs - Cost of debt

Year 2

Year 3

2.320.000

2.320.000

1.600.000 40.000

1.600.000 40.000

2.400.000 400.000 1.200.000

Year 4

2.320.000

2.320.000

2.400.000 400.000 1.200.000

2.400.000 400.000 1.200.000

2.400.000 400.000 1.200.000

746.500

746.500

746.500

384.000

384.000

Year 5

20.000 1.280.000 746.500

MANAGEMENT COST

ATU ROGOREDO (Scalo Ferroviari plan) Total surface: 21.132 sqm.

Indice di utilizzazione territoriale (UT): 0.76 Superficie lorda di Pavimento (SLP): 16.000 sqm.

Residential (60%): 6.720 sqm.

Retail (10%): 1.120 sqm.

Affordable housing for rent (30%): 4.800 sqm.

Park and public space (45% ST): 9.509 sqm.

Asset management - Selling fees - Letting fees Property management costs - Costs for collecting rents Management cost of public spaces - Parks

384.000 144.000 96.000 95.090

10.006.500

TOTAL COSTS

8.706.500

7.450.500

7.450.500

719.090

11.200.000 1.600.000

11.200.000 1.600.000

11.200.000 1.600.000

REVENUES FOR SALES Sales proceedings - Residential - Retail - Affordable housing

REVENUES FOR RENTS Rents - Affordable housing

480.000

-

TOTAL REVENUES

71

-

12.800.000

12.800.000

13.280.000

PROFIT OR LOSS

- 10.006.500

-

8.706.500

5.349.500

5.349.500

12.560.910

DISCOUNTED PROFIT OR LOSS

-

-

7.604.594

4.366.785

4.081.108

8.955.755

9.351.869

Figure 73-74-Map with the amount of space proposed for ATU Rogoredo -Table of business plan of Rogoredo railyard

Year 5

Year 6

Year 7

Year 8

Year 9

Year 10

Year 11

Year 12

total 9.280.000

3.200.000 80.000 9.600.000 1.600.000 4.800.000 20.000 1.280.000 2.986.000

384.000 144.000

144.000

144.000

144.000

144.000

144.000

144.000

432.000

1.584.000 1.008.000

96.000

96.000

96.000

96.000

96.000

96.000

96.000

672.000

95.090

95.090

95.090

95.090

95.090

95.090

95.090

665.630

719.090

335.090

335.090

335.090

335.090

335.090

335.090

432.000

36.775.630

14.400.000

33.600.000 4.800.000 14.400.000

11.200.000 1.600.000

480.000

480.000

480.000

480.000

480.000

480.000

480.000

13.280.000

480.000

480.000

480.000

480.000

480.000

480.000

14.400.000

12.560.910

144.910

144.910

144.910

144.910

144.910

144.910

13.968.000

8.955.755

96.560

90.243

84.339

78.821

73.665

68.846

6.201.959

∑ OF DISCOUNTED PROFIT OR LOSS

3.360.000

56.160.000

7.141.618

72

5

SUMMARY OF PROJECT

Extending the Santa Guilia development typology to foster Extending the SantaITGuilia park ecology development typology to foster IT park ecology

Engaging the associations of the district tAo synergise Engaging theand associations strengthen the social of the district tAo synerconnections gise and strengthen the social connections

Figure 75-Schemes of expected outcomes of the proposed strategies

Engaging the associations ofthe theassociations district to Engaging synergise of the districtand to synergise strengthen and strengthenthe thesocial social connections connections

Creation of ‘third space’ in the transiCreation of ‘third space’ tion areas as places in the transition areas as for spillover activities places for spillover activi-

Promoting housing-stock Promoting production in housthe logistical ing-stock production area to create a mixed use in the logistical area to development create a mixed use development

Linking and strenthening Linking and strengreen areas in the district thening green areas in to create a green corridor the district to create (urban forestation) a green corridor (urban forestation)

ties

74

6

SCENARIOS

6.1 EXPECTED SCENARIO CREATIVE AND GREEN NEIGHBORHOOD SCENE 1: All the strategies succesfully applied

MAJOR ACTIVITIES: Small enterprises flourish (concept stores, fast fashion stores, themed cafes/pubs) City level image of social district Added housing stock and office floor spaces Students and start-up ecology Figure 76-Axonometric view of first expected scenario

76

6.2 TENDENTIAL SCENARIO RELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES FLOURISH SCENE 2: Lapse of engagement with creative class (social miscarriage), but physical interventions succesfully oimplemented

OUTCOMES: Muslim religion related activities flourishwith renovation/formal acknowledgment of existing mosque Small retail like butcher shops (Halal, arab cafes, turkish confectionaries,Pakistani grocery store) Muslim communities invest in housing stock Events like Ramadan/EID celebrated in culture factory

77

Figure 77-Axonometric view of second tendential scenario

6.3 WORST CASE SCENARIO SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESILIENCE SCENE 3: Physical interventions, such as Culture factory and ATU project put to temporary but indefinite hault

OUTCOMES: Social inclusion of working class in the neighborhood (office employees, warehouse labours etc) Towards a stronger partecipation from all types of stakeholders in the neighborhood Guiding the “invisible hand” towards sustainable development

Figure 78-Axonometric view of third and the worst case scenario

78

7

SYNERGY WITH OTHER POJECTS

A

FINISHING VIA PAULLESE AND IMPROVE ACCESSIBILITY TO SANTA GIULIA State: Proposed in the PUMS S/08.

Use/Action: - Cross point under the rail way.

- Connection Via Sulmona - Santa Giulia.

B

FINISHING VIA PAULLESE AND IMPROVE ACCESSIBILITY TO SANTA GIULIA State: Proposed in the PUMS S/08.

Use/Action: - Cross point under the rail way.

- Connection Via Sulmona - Santa Giulia.

C

FINISHING VIA PAULLESE AND IMPROVE ACCESSIBILITY TO SANTA GIULIA State: Proposed in the PUMS S/08.

Use/Action: - Cross point under the rail way.

- Connection Via Sulmona - Santa Giulia.

A

F

B

E D

D E C F

Figure 79-Map of other proposed and ongoing projects

FINISHING VIA PAULLESE AND IMPROVE ACCESSIBILITY TO SANTA GIULIA State: Proposed in the PUMS S/08.

Use/Action: - Cross point under the rail way.

- Connection Via Sulmona - Santa Giulia.

FINISHING VIA PAULLESE AND IMPROVE ACCESSIBILITY TO SANTA GIULIA State: Proposed in the PUMS S/08.

Use/Action: - Cross point under the rail way.

- Connection Via Sulmona - Santa Giulia.

FINISHING VIA PAULLESE AND IMPROVE ACCESSIBILITY TO SANTA GIULIA State: Proposed in the PUMS S/08.

Use/Action: - Cross point under the rail way.

- Connection Via Sulmona - Santa Giulia.

80

8

APENDIX

ETHNOGRAPHIC SURVEY Security Perception

Trends Shrinkage and Agglomeration

Cheap Floor space

Renewed Investments

The level of insecurity varies in the neighborhood. The most dangerous area is located near the Rpgpredo station, and gradually decreases as it gets further from the station. Residential areas located in the north east part of the neighborhood is the safest of all areas in Rogoredo neighborhood. Having industrial buildings with closed facades, Via Toffetti is also considered as a dangerous street.

83

Figure 80-81- 3D map of level of danger in the area-map of the trends in the area

Near the station of Rogoredo, there are several buildings currently used in result of renewed investments. Some buildings are also being used due to the cheapness of the floor space.

Shrinkage and agglomeration are occurring in some of the industrial territories along Via Toffetti.

PARTICIPATION SCHEME

LOCAL AUTHORITY Ex-Councilior municipio 4 (Misani Angelo Mario)

KEY AGENCIES Plans and projects in PGT, PUMS, NIL.

COMMUNITY GROUPS Teacher of “scuola Regina Mundi” Activist in “Parrochia della Medaglia” Owner library “Punta alla Luna”

PEOPLE Residents Workers Small businesses The four partner neighborhood.

groups

in

the

Approach to organize the consultation/ information of different actors that help to define the problem.

Figure 82-Theoretical actors participation diagram

Source: Adapted from “Shaping neighborhoods”.Barton & Guise.2003

84

SCALO FARINI

A green river for milan

Scali Milano

Studio Boeri Architetti

Francine Houben of Mecanoo

90% 10%

parks, forests, gardens etc. open to the public high-density urban perimeters

green corridors and cycling paths

sustainable way of life

85

Cino Zucchi Associati

7 orchards

closed to urban traffic

accessible diverse land-use connecting the urban fabric

cultural services and services for citizens

Seven Beautiful Orchards

rail yards as mobility landmarks

Figure 83-84-85-Scalo Farini projects(“Green river for milan”-”Scali Milano”-”Seven beautiful Orchards”)

cultural services and services for citizens

SCALO FARINI

Milano Reborn

MIRACOLI A MILANO

MAD Architects

EMBT team

City of Green

City ofLiving

parks, forests, gardens etc. open to the public

City of Connections reconnect the city, nature and history City of Culture

City of Resources

Figure 86-Scalo Farini projects( “Milano Reborn“- Miracoli a Milano”)

Source: Adapted from “Shaping neighborhoods”.Barton & Guise.2003

86

CREATIVE ASPECTS

87

Prevailing values and attitudes; Social tolerance; Openness towards diversity (e.g. gay and foreign- born population, subcultures)

Diversity and size of buildings; Vibrant street life; Diverse, pedestrian-friendly public spaces; Authentic neighbourhoods

Image; Symbolic value of cultural heritage; ‘Story’, humous soil or DNA of the city as a whole or specific intra-city areas

Cultural festivals; Outdoor sporting facilities; Parks; Education facilities; Specialist libraries; Specialist shops; Diversity of cafes and restaurants

Diverse pool of talented workers; Vocational training; ‘Thick’ labour market

Affordable spaces; Old industrial buildings; Authenticity

Face-to-face networks; Tacit knowledge; street life; Possibilities for unplanned encounters in ‘third spaces’

Creating conditions rather than detail planning; Cooperation between local authorities, firms and interest groups

SDG GOALS ECO_FRIENDLY GOALS

ACTIONS 7.1: ...ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services.

ACTORS

Solar Panel

Street Lighting

3.6: ...reduce the number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents...

PM

Speed Limit Pedestrian & Cyclist Safety

Pedestrian & Cycle Bridge Soft Mobility Network 11.2: ...provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, with special attention to vulnerable actors...

11.7: ...provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces...

Bike & Vehicle Parking Bike Stations Park Maintainance New Parks Street Conditions

88

SDG GOALS GOALS

ACTIONS 4.4: ...substantially increase the number of youth and adults who have relevant skills, including technical and vocational skills, for employment, decent jobs and entrepreneurship

ACTORS Cultural & Vocational Training Centers Business Incubator Exposition and Artesian Market

8.3: ...support productive activities, decent job creation, entrepreneurship, creativity and innovation, and encourage the formalization and growth of micro-, smalland medium-sized enterprises, including through access to financial services

9.1: Develop quality, reliable, sustainable and resilient infrastructure, to support economic development and human well-being, with a focus on affordable and equitable access for all.

9.5: Enhance scientific research, upgrade the technological capabilities of industrial sectors, encouraging innovation

89

Commecial & Small Industrial Business

Markets, Events, Festivals etc.

Affordable Spaces Public Space for Youth

CASE STUDIES

Strategic Architectural Projects

Big Intervention Project

GUILLEMINS TGV RAILWAY STATION

MATADERO MADRID

MADRID RIO

Liège, Belgium

Madrid, Spain

Madrid, Spain

By Santiago Calatrava

The project links two areas of the city previously devided by railway tracks. It is already asserting itself as a symbol of the city’s renewal and as one of its most prestigious visiting cards.

By Burgos & Garrido Arquitectos

Matadero Madrid is a former slaughterhouse in Madrid, which has been converted into an arts centre. Matadero Madrid is a lively, constantly changing space at the service of creative processes, participatory artistic training and dialogue between the arts.

Figure 88-89-90-Cases studies (“Guillemins TGV railway station”Matadero Madrid”-Madrid Rio”)

The Madri Rio project is a large recreational and cultural area both for its landmarks and leisure facilities and the culture it houses, and for being a reference point from which to contemplate and come into contact with monumental Madrid.

90

CASE STUDIE

BGI Projects

THE HIGH LINE

PARK SPOOR NOORD

SCALO FARINI

New York, USA

Antwerp, Belgium

Milan, Italy

By DS+R, J. Corner Field Operations

By Studio Associato B. Secchi P. Viganò

By OMA

The High Line is an elevated freight rail line transformed into a public park. The new park offers an alluring break from the chaotic city streets as users have an opportunity to experience an elevated space with uninterrupted views of the Hudson River and the city skyline.

91

Railyard Projects

Park Spoor Noord is a large park which was formerly an abandoned 24-hectare railway marshalling yard. It consists play areas, a BMX and skate bowl, two cooling water fountains for children and a shelter with a temporary summer terrace.

Figure 91-92-93-Case studies (“The High LIne”-”Park Spoor Noord”-”Scalo Farini”)

The redevelopment of two disused railway yards North and South of the periphery of Milan, with two zones, green zone and blue zone. These two zones regenerate the ecology of Milan by providing clean air and water, addressing climate change and pollution on a metropolitan scale.

CASE STUDIES

Creative City/Neighbourhood Projects

SUPERKILEN

HAFENCITY HAMBURG

Copenhagen, Denmark

Hamburg, Germany

By BIG Architects, Topotek 1, Superflex

Superkilen is an urban park in which was designed through an intense public participation process. It encourages adults and kids alike to be more active while celebrating the diversity of the neighborhood.

By ASTOC, KCAP, Hamburgplan AG

HafenCity is currently Europe’s largest inner-city development project, a blueprint for the development of a European city on the waterfront.

It is a successfully integrated urban development that takes local requirements and expectations of urbanity and sustainability equally into consideration.

Figure 94-95-96-Case studies( “Superkilen”-”Haftencity Hamburg”-”Lambrate Design District”)

LAMBRATE DESIGN DISTRICT Milan, Italy Lambrate Design District ia a cultural location for all the design lovers of the world.

Established district of the Design Week, the area is the symbol of innovation, freshness and quality.

92

LIST OF EVENTS

TYPE: Farmer’s Market Mercato Settimana

WEEKLY

Yoga Class

SUN

MON

Open-Air Cinema Sport Tournament

Children Art Studio

MONTHLY Day 1

Day 7

Day 15

Exibition

ANNUALLY JAN

FEB

MAR

Deisgn Week

APR

MAY

Day 30

Music Festival

JUL

AUG

Fashion Week

SEP

OCT

Christmas Market

NOV DEC

INDIVIDUAL BLOCKS

CULTURE FACTORY

CENTRAL PARK

NEIGHBORHOOD

PGT AREA

93

JUN

Day 23

TABLE OF ACTIONS Strategy

Interventions

Subprojects

E-governance

Online website and blog

Image

Typology

Creative Neighborhood

Action

Creative Neighborhood

Policy / Incentives

Creative Neighborhood

Urban project

Creative Neighborhood

Policy / Incentives

Creative Neighborhood

Action

Eco-friendly Neighborhood

Action Action

Mobile App Neighborhood radio.

Weekly Special Events

Culture production / Culture Consumption

Monthly Yearly Workshop areas Coworking : indoor and outdoor

Culture factory project

Auditorium, meeting room.

Indoor play area, Library

Adaptable reuse of abandon areas Improve of local parks

INSP Building as hostel or cooworking.

Others: studio, associations offices+exhibitions, pubs, concept stores, threaft stores.

Mural Libero/art instalations in central park Bike share stations

Towards slow mobility

Bike paths

New green areas

creating new parks through advocacy planning

Eco-friendly Neighborhood

Public space / Parks

Eco-friendly Neighborhood

Improve safety in intersections

Residential

Bridging the gap

Railyard transformation ATU Toffetti

Retail Offices

+ Railyard transformation ATU Rogoredo

Creative Neighborhood

Urban project

Affordable housing Bridge (bridge+site to stay), Parking complex

Eco-friendly Neighborhood

Public space / Parks

Eco-friendly Neighborhood

Residential Retail

Creative Neighborhood

Action

Urban project

Affordable housing Boulevar project: green corridors

Reinforce resilience

Guidelines

Figure 97- Table of all Startegies and actions of proposed project

Via Toffetti Development guidelines Urban Design kit Energy and Water Efficiency

Eco-friendly Neighborhood Creative Neighborhood

Urban project Policy / Incentives

Eco-friendly Neighborhood

94

9

BIBLIOGRAPHY

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Akkelies van Nes, C. Y. (2018). Space syntax: a method to measure urban space related to social, economic and cognitive factors. Oxon.

Area Pianificazione della mobilita. (2018). Piano Urbano della Mobilita Sostenibile. Milan.

Ayuntamiento de Madrid. (2018). Matadero Madrid, su historia y transformación. Retrieved from http://www.mataderomadrid.org Ayuntamiento de Madrid. (2018). Program presentation of Plan Mad-Re: Madrid Recupera. . Madrid: https://www.madrid.es/portales/munimadrid/ es/Inicio/Vivienda-y-urbanismo/Plan-MAD-RE/ Barton, M. G. (2003). Shaping the neigbourhoods. London: First edition.

Burgos & Garrido Arquitectos. (2018). Madrid Río, Madrid. Retrieved from https://burgos-garrido.com/en/project/madrid-rio/ Bürkling, T. (2017). Urban building blocks.

Cascina Nosedo. (2016). Cascina Nosedo. Retrieved from https://cascinanosedo.wixsite.com/home City of San Jose. (2013). Park Maintenance. Alternative service delivery evaluation. Silicon Valley.

Comune di Milano. (2016). Ambiti di Transformazione Urbana. Milano.

Comune di Milano. (2017). Programma Triennale Opere Pubbliche 2018-2020. Milan.

Comune di Milano. (2017). Scali Ferroviari. Milano.

Comune di Milano. (2017). Valutazione Ambientale Strategica (VAS). Milano.

Comune di Milano. (2019). Avviso pubblico Eventi nei Quartieri. Retrieved from https://economiaelavoro.comune.milano.it/news/avviso-pubblicoeventi-nei-quartieri Comune di Milano. (2019). I LOVE MARTINENGO. Retrieved from https://bilanciopartecipativo.comune.milano.it/monitors/show/i-love-martinengo Comune di Milano. (2019). Merezzate - Programma Integrato di Intervento. Retrieved from https://www.comune.milano.it/aree-tematiche/urbanisticaed-edilizia/attuazione-pgt/merezzate-pii Comune di Milano. (2019). Piano di Governo del Territorio PGT - Schede dei Nuclei di Identità Locale. Milano.

Comune di Milano, M. (2018). Lambrate District Design. Retrieved from http://www.lambratedesigndistrict.com/en/about-us/ Contributors, O. (2019). Streets map. Retrieved from https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=14/45.4304/9.2537 Corriere della Sera. (2016). Ecco il censimento degli ecomostri. Retrieved from http://www.comune.milano.it/wps/portal/ist/it/servizi/territorio/ Monitoraggio_edifici_aree_stato_di_degrado Friends of the High Line. (2018). High Line. Retrieved from https://www.thehighline.org/ Gruppo Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane. (2016). Scali Milano vision. Retrieved from http://www.scalimilano.vision/ Hamburg govement. (2016). The HafenCity project - Blue print master plan. Retrieved from https://www.hafencity.com/en/overview/the-hafencityproject.html Handford Public Works Department. (2013). Recreational Master plan . Handford.

Ian Taylor. (2017). Typical costs of cycling interventions. UK. Immobiliare. (2019). Scopri i Servizi. Retrieved from https://www.immobiliare.it/ Jacobs, J. (1963). The Death and Life of Great American Cities. New York.

LaStrada. (2014). La Strada. Retrieved from Casina Nosedo: http://www.lastrada.it/it/ Lombardia, G. (2018). Maps of Lombardia Region. Retrieved from http://www.geoportale.regione.lombardia.it/download-ricerca Mercatti settimanali a Milano. (2019). Mercati settimanali a Milano. Retrieved from https://mercati-settimanali.it/Milano/mercati_settimanali-tutti Milano Santa Giulia SPA. (2018). Santa Giulia Project. Retrieved from http://www.milanosantagiulia.com/?lang=en Mi Lorenteggio. (2018). Rogoredo, Municipio 4 fa il punto sul futuro del Sud-Est di Milano. Retrieved from https://www.mi-lorenteggio.com/2018/10/23/ rogoredo-municipio-4-fa-il-punto-sul-futuro-del-sud-est-di-milano/69072/

96

• • • • • • • • • • • • • •

97

Moroni, S. (2016). Planning, pluralism and religious diversity. Elsevier, 62-70.

Nardone, G. (2019). Presentation Economic Feasibility of Real Estate Development Projects, Urban Policies Design Studio. Milan.

OMA Architects. (2019). Scalo Farini. Retrieved from https://oma.eu/projects/scalo-farini Perfetti, P. (2016). Il Porto di Mare a Milano: la storia e il progetto di rilancio. Retrieved from https://www.milanocittastato.it/featured/perche-amilano-ce-un-porto-di-mare-la-storia-e-il-progetto-di-rilancio/ Point to the Moon. (2019). Libreria per bambini Punta alla Luna. Retrieved from http://www.libreriapuntaallaluna.it/ Porto di Mare-Blog. (2015). Storie di Milano. Retrieved from http://storiedimilano.blogspot.com/2015/03/porto-di-mare.html?m=1 Santiago Calatrava Architects&Engineers. (2009). GUILLEMINS TGV RAILWAY STATION. Retrieved from https://calatrava.com/projects/guillemins-tgvrailway-station-liege.html Studio Associato Bernardo Secchi Paola Vigano. (2009). Park Spoor Noord, Antwerp. Retrieved from http://www.secchi-vigano.eu/atS03/at%20S03_ park%20spoor%20noord.html Sunugal & Fate Artegiane. (2019). Cascina Casottello. Retrieved from L’Associazione socio-culturale Sunugal e la cooperativa Fate Artigiane: https:// www.cascinacasottello.it/ Territorio, A. M. (2015). Piano Urbano Mobilitá Sostenibile. Milano.

Topotek1. (2012). Superkilen. Retrieved from https://www.topotek1.de/openSpaces/superkilen-2/ United Nations-UN. (2015). The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, Sustainable Development Goals.

Urbanfile. (2018). Milano | Rogoredo – Un progetto per la stazione di porta del Sud Milano. Retrieved from https://blog.urbanfile.org/2018/10/24/ milano-rogoredo-un-progetto-per-la-stazione-di-porta-del-sud-milano/ Urbanlife. (2018). Milano | Municipio 4 – Demolizioni e altre attività nella periferia Sud-Est. Retrieved from https://blog.urbanfile.org/2018/05/10/ milano-municipio-4-demolizioni-e-altre-attivita-nella-periferia-sud-est/

1

10

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1-Photos of Rogoredo current situation Figure 2 - Location of Project Area in tree scales Figure 3 - Historical Change in Rodgoredo Figure 4 - City Scale Map of green Figure 5 - Neighborhood scale green space map Figure 6 - Regional Railway network Figure 7- Metro network Figure 8 - Neighborhood transportation network Figure 9 - Limit area B-C Figure 10 - Street sections of Rogoredo Figure 11 - Land use map of Rogoredo Figure 12 - Location and type of differently used public space Figure 13 - Location and type of public services Figure 14 - Location and type of abandoned areas Figure 15 - Street and block structure Figure 16 -The three block typologies of the neighborhood Figure 17 - Type 1 street and block structure diagram Figure 18 - Type 1 figure-ground diagram Figure 19 - Type 2 street and block structure diagram Figure 20 - Type 2 figure-ground diagram Figure 21 - Type 3 street and block structure diagram Figure 22 - Type 3 figure-ground diagram Figure 23 - Plot of problems occurring in Rogoredo and adjacent neighborhoods Figure 24 - Percentage of foreign nationalities Figure 25 - Change of population in different age groups Figure 26 - Theoretical actors participation diagram Figure 27 - Street interview location and content Figure 28 - Plot of current problems of Rogoredo Figure 29 - Actors interview’s location and content Figure 30 - Strategies map from PGT Figure 31 - Problems formulation mind map Figure 32 - Social and physical problem’s map Figure 33 - Physical and social connections concerning Rogoredo in 3 scales Figure 34 - Strengths of Rogoredo in 3 scales Figure 35 - Weaknesses of Rogoredo in 3 scales Figure 36 - Opportunities of Rogoredo in 3 scales Figure 37 - Threats of Rogoredo in 3 scales Figure 38 - Montage of activities and their connections with Rogoredo Figure 39 - Illustration of Internal Suturing Figure 40 - Illustration of External tissue Suturing

99

Figure 41 - Possible plots of activities in the neighborhood Figure 42-43 - Plots of implemented actions Figure 44-45-46 - 3 proposals strategies for the neighborhood Figure 47 - First strategy proposal Figure 48 - Second strategy proposal Figure 49 - Third strategy proposal Figure 50 - Actions, actors and beneficiaries of all strategies Figure 51 - Map overall actions in the neighborhood Figure 52 - Map of overall phases in the neighborhood Figure 53 - Detailed map of phase 1 Figure 54 - Detailed views of parts of the project Figure 55 - Photomontage of proposed abandoned warehouses project Figure 56 - Photomontage of proposed neighborhood street Figure 57 - Photomontage of proposed Toffetti street Figure 58 - Detailed map of phase 2 Figure 59 - Detailed views of parts of the project Figure 60 - Photomontage of proposed Culture factory (Internal view) Figure 61 - Photomontage of proposed Culture factory (External view) Figure 62 - Detailed map of phase 3 Figure 63 - Detailed view of part of the project Figure 64 - Photomontage of proposed bridge project Figure 65 - Timeline of actions implemented in each phase Figure 66 - Timeline of policies implemented in each phase Figure 67 - Relation of actors and beneficiaries in each phase Figure 68 - Table of total cost of Oneri di Urbanizzazione Figure 69 - Table of cost and revenues of Via Toffetti project Figure 70 - Table of cost and revenues of proposed Rogoredo project Figure 71 - Map with the amount of space proposed for ATU Toffetti Figure 72 - Table of business plan of Toffetti railyard Figure 73 - Map with the amount of space proposed for ATU Rogoredo Figure 74 - Table of business plan of Rogoredo railyard Figure 75 - Schemes of expected outcomes of the proposed strategies Figure 76 - Axonometric view of first and expected scenario Figure 77 - Axonometric view of second and tendential scenario Figure 78 - Axonometric view of the third and the worst scenario Figure 79 - Map of other proposed and ongoing projects Figure 80 - 3d map of level of danger in the area Figure 81 - Map of the trends in the area Figure 82 - Theoretical actors participation diagram Figure 83 - Case study projects (“a green river for Milan”)

Figure 84 - Case study projects (“Scali Milano”) Figure 85 - Case study projects (“Seven Beautiful Orchards”) Figure 86 - Case study projects (“Milano Reborn”) Figure 87 - Case study projects (“Miracoli a Milano”) Figure 88- Cases studies (“Guilleminis TGV Railway station”) Figure 89- Cases studies (“Matadero Madrid”) Figure 90 - Cases studies (“Madrid Rio”) Figure 91 - Cases studies (“The High Line”) Figure 92 - Cases studies (“Park Spoornoord”) Figure 93 - Cases studies (“Scalo Farini”) Figure 94- Cases studies (“Superkilen”) Figure 95- Cases studies (“Hafen city Hamburg”) Figure 96 - Cases studies (“Lambrate Design District”) Figure 97 - Table of strategies and actions of proposed project

100