ArchPLUS VOLUME 2 | NO. 4 | FALL 2015
A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS WESTCHESTER + HUDSON VALLEY CHAPTER
education a rewarding constant of our profession
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ENGINEERING BETTER ENVIRONMENTS SINCE 1974
Working with Bermello, Ajamil & Partners, Architects, OLA Consulting Engineers designed the MEP systems for the first phase of a ground floor renovation including a new teen center, The Edge. The space is a valuable resource to the youth community and received a 2014 Building Award from the New York Library Associations Public Library Section. OLA Consulting Engineers 50 Broadway. Hawthorne NY 10532 (914) 747-2800 www.olace.com
MEP ENGINEERING • ENERGY ENGINEERING • COMMISSIONING
ArchPLUS: A publication of the AIA Westchester + Hudson Valley Chapter ArchPLUS Staff Editor-in-Chief Peter Gaito Jr., AIA pgaitojr@pfga.net Art Director Jaclyn Tyler, AIA, LEED AP bd+c
Advertising Jaclyn Tyler, AIA, LEED AP bd+c Valerie Brown, Hon. AIANYS, LEED AP chapteroffice@aiawhv.org 914.232.7240
Photo Editor Jason Taylor, AIA Contributing Editors Manuel Andrade, AIA, LEED AP; John Fry, AIA LEED AP bd+c; Teresa Marboe, Assoc. AIA; Nicolas Mariscal, Assoc. AIA; Nick Viazzo, AIA; Jaclyn Tyler, AIA, LEED AP bd+c
Reimagining an Icon Prize: $15,000
Submission ArchPLUS is currently accepting unsolicited material for upcoming publications. For submission guidelines and/or to become a regular contributor, see our website for information; www.aiawhv.org. For further information please email the Editor or the Executive Director.
Board of Directors 2015 President Peter Gaito Jr, AIA
More and more people are accepting the Architecture 2030 Challenge to radically reduce energy consumption in the built environment. Submit your vision for a highperformance facade that rejuvenates one of New York City’s most recognized landmarks and help solve the world’s climate crisis.
President-Elect Manuel Andrade, AIA, LEED AP Treasurer Michael Berta, AIA Secretary Rick Torres, AIA Executive Director Valerie Brown, Hon. AIANYS, LEED AP chapteroffice@aiawhv.org
Directors James Copeland, AIA May Kirk, AIA Marsha Leed, AIA, LEED AP Kim Miller, AIA, LEED AP Seunghee Park, AIA, LEED AP Elizabeth Parks, AIA Jaclyn Tyler, AIA, LEED AP, bd+c Associate Directors Erika Conradt, Assoc. AIA, LEED AP Nick Viazzo, AIA State Director George Gaspar, AIA Immediate Past President John Fry, AIA, LEED AP bd+c
LEARN MORE AND REGISTER AT
www.metalsinconstruction.org JURY
Fiona Cousins, Arup Billie Faircloth, Kieran Timberlake Hauke Jungjohan, Thornton Tomasetti Sameer Kumar, SHoP Areta Pawlynsky, Heintges Ben Tranel, Gensler
A Chapter of The American Institute of Architects P.O.Box 611, Katonah, NY 10536 914.232.7240 E-mail: chapteroffice@aiawhv.org Website: www.aiawhv.org Twitter: @aiawhv Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/AIAWestchesterHudsonValley Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/groups/AIAWestchesterHudsonValley
ArchPLUS Is a benefit of the American Institute of Architects Westchester + Hudson Valley Chapter as a quarterly publication. For information on professional or allied membership, please call 914-232-7240 or email chapteroffice@aiawhv.org.
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Fall 2015 REGULARS
FEATURES
6 A Word from the Editor
11 Top Architectural Schools in New York
Education is the Best Way to... By Peter Gaito Jr., AIA
8 Sustainable Design
Sustainable Builder Advisor Program By Joseph Thompson, AIA
12 President’s Perspective
ArchPLUS
Fall 2015 Vol. 2, No. 4
Nasim Gafur, a 2014 AIAWHV Scholarship Awards, compiled a list of the top 8 schools in NY as rated by students attending the schools on
23 Share What You Know Mark LePage, AIA, shares some valuable tips for success in business, in project collaboration and offers his thoughts on winning NASCAR drivers.
Thank you and Good Night By Peter Gaito Jr., AIA
26 ACE Mentoring Program
14 Emerging Professionals
Manuel Andrade, AIA, LEED AP, introduces us to the ACE Mentor Program (Architecture-Construction-Engineering). Learn about the engaging collaborative program and see what young designers in our area are creating, including a Center for Architecture for our own chapter.
News and Events By Jaclyn Tyler, AIA, LEED AP, bd+c
18 Code Corner
An Update from the State By Erika Krieger
20 Legal Corner
Understanding the Role of the Architect By David B. Kosakoff, Esq.
24 Structural Solutions
Engineering 101 By Ciro Cuono, PE
34 Event Highlights: Annual Golf Outing Summer School Bike Tour 38 Designing for a New Education Paradigm Learn new methods of school design that include a series of essential steps and new design criteria that can also be applied to designing other project types.
42 Widening the Pipeline: To the Profession
Mark your Calendar for upcoming events
David Freeman, RA, AIA explores the widened pathways to architecture through the transformation of community school drafting classes to a core foundation that can be integrated into accredited architecture schools.
54 Looking Back 2000
46 Bedford School Installs a Solar Air Heat System
48 Calendar of Events
Experience past award winners
Cover Photo: IBM Learning Center Designed by Eliot Noyes (Home to many AIA educational Events)
A before and after transformation that improves the exterior aesthetics and the interior comfort. KSQ explores how low-maintenance solar air heating helps reduce energy Photo Credits: Jason Taylor, AIA Back Photo: IBM Learning Center
IBM Learning Center Photo by: Jason Taylor, AIA
A Word From The Editor
Education Is The Best Way To...
Get Rich; Loose Weight; Go knowledge database which is needed for proper contextual thought, adaptability to Harvard. We are a nation of and use. headline readers. It used to be that you learned how to change a flat tire from your father or a high school Auto Shop class. You also used to be able to go into Radio Shack and buy odd wires and random metal parts to fix your radio or television. Now you can watch a you-tube video of someone else changing a tire to learn how to do it and Radio Shack is gone because nobody wants to fix things anymore, they simply will just research the best price online and buy another one. As the steady diet of information continually finds its way onto our already full plates, it is just as easy today to become educated about something new as it is to get lost in it’s details. The advent of the internet has undoubtedly changed the way we research, communicate and learn, yet, with all of this valuable information at our fingertips, we are often overwhelmed. Because of this, it has become necessary to develop a skill set to know where to find out about something quickly and efficiently, capture it, save it, learn it, incorporate it, and then get back to work - until you have to find out something else. The benefits of instant knowledge are wonderful, yet drawbacks exist whereby we consistently learn isolated parts of things, which often do not include the necessary background, the larger context nor the historical relevance, required to make a comprehensive addition to our collected 6 ArchPLUS Fall 2015
We read the headlines, then read/watch some more, which is just enough to gain a firm grasp of something to satisfy a direct need. Once that need is fulfilled, the learning stops. We have all met people that use buzzwords and can speak a few interesting sentences on a particular topic and when you try to engage the conversation further, it stalls. It is not to say that we need to become a walking Google Database (which by the way replaces the term, Encyclopedia Britannica), but for certain items, more than we think, we simply should know more. As architects, when presenting a project or trying to be hired by a client, we are often asked for our project approach and our design theory. We simply don’t just draw attractive pictures and that’s it, our drawings represent the solution to a design problem with rational explanation in regard to a multitude of items including light, scale, context, cost and sustainability. This physical manifestation of our thoughts stems from the foundation in our early learning in architecture schools. These are the guiding principles of why we want to learn about the world around us. With interest in a subject for your self or someone, lies the interest in becoming educated on that particular subject. That education of a particular item or subject matter, then gets added to our design arsenal and used when required at a later date.
Our profession has greatly benefited with the new way to learn about things, simultaneously reducing the need for hundreds of printed product catalogs, blue books and Sweets catalogs. Yet, we still need to know the information within them, we just have other means from which to obtain it. I am excited about the abundance of education sharing all over the world we are currently experiencing, which continually makes us the most learned generation on the planet. There is so much out there it can be overwhelming, we just have to know what to spend more time on learning and the best way to do so. In this issue we showcase many different versions of education; how we learn, what we have learned what we can learn, and what is being taught. The education isn’t just for adults, as you will see in the ACE article, for the learning starts at a very early age. The essence of this issue is to get you to think about the way in which we learn, why we want to learn and how we apply what we have learned. Note: There will be an open book quiz on this issue in January. Talk soon Peter Gaito Jr, AIA
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Sustainable Design
Sustainable Building Advisor Program BY JOSEPH THOMPSON, AIA
Few areas of practice have had as much rapid change as the field of sustainability in recent years. Between all the changes in green
building technologies, building rating systems, NYSERDA incentives and energy code updates, have made it challenging to keep up to say the least. With this issue’s focus on education, I wanted to highlight a program that I believe to be the most informative and comprehensive continuing education program focused on sustainable design available in our area, the SBA- Sustainable Building Advisor Certification program.
The SBA (Sustainable Building Advisor) program’s focus on a holistic approach to green building has a lot to offer building industry professionals that are seeking to develop their knowledge of environmentally responsible design. Fundamental topics such as site selection, energy usage, lighting design, environmentally responsible material selection, indoor environmental quality, water conservation, construction management, commissioning, and operations & maintenance are all important components of this program. Janus Welton, RA is the current NYC|SBA Project Provider for the upcoming program starting October 16, 2015. As an Architect, Certified Sustainable Building Advisor, LEED Accredited Professional who is also a biomimicry specialist and working on a Passive townhouse in Manhattan, Janus brings a diverse knowledge of environmental design to the table. The program’s curriculum includes 4 weekend intensives, eight weeks of online study, project experience and a certification exam. Both the AIA and the GBCI (Green Building Certification Institute) accept this course for continuing education credits. Left: EMPAC Theater at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), Troy, NY
Janus believes the SBA program is unique in that it allows students to learn in and collaborate in an environment where there is an opportunity to make meaningful connections and relationships. “The SBA Program surrounds students with like-minded, building professionals. In addition, students meet guest experts working in the green building industry in their city. Students benefit from the relationships that develop in the guest expert lecture + networking events, both between the students themselves, and with the Guest Experts.” Guest experts have included a variety of related industry professionals such as biologists, lighting designers, planners, architects, planners, landscape architects, certified industrial hygienists, and building performance professionals. Site visits often include some of the most exemplary local buildings that embody important attributes of sustainable design. The LEED certified EMPAC theater at RPI, The Living Building Challenge Certified Omega Institute, the first German Passive House rated home in New York State, Bright’n Green Net Zero Energy housing project in Brooklyn, Viridian Future One- Passive House in Manhattan, and The Solaire and Gowanus Whole Foods are a few buildings that have been toured as a part of past SBA Project curriculums.
Above: Omega Center for Sustainable Living (OCSL) in Rhinebeck, NY Center: SBA Program Diagram Left: Janus Welton, RA and students of the SBA program
Fall 2015 ArchPLUS 9
Sustainable Building Advisors are architects, planners, builders, engineers, consultants, and building operators who value resilience, whole system thinking, and sustainable practices. The USGBC (United States Green Building Council) has endorsed the program by stating “whether you’re new to green building or have years of experience, you’ll find these webinars to be relevant, engaging, and thoughtprovoking—providing expansive tools for the grounded professional.” The next NYC|SBA Project Experience is beginning Oct 16, 2015. To learn more about the next upcoming program, contact Janus Welton via email: Janus@JanusWeltonDesignWorks. com or for information online visit: www. janusweltondesignworks.com/welcome. For the SBA online outline visit: www.heatspring.com/ courses/sustainable-building-advisor-sba. Bright n’ Green Net Zero Energy housing project in Brooklyn, NY
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Top Architectural Schools in New York (NAAB ACCREDITED) list was compiled by Nasim Gafur, a 2014 AIAWHV Scholarship Awards Winner As rated by students attending the schools on http://architecture-schools.startclass.com/d/a/New-York
1. Cornell College of Architecture, 2. Rensselaer Polytechnic School Art, and Planning: Ithaca, NY of Architecture: Troy, New York Degrees Offered: B. Arch, M. Arch
3.CUNY The Bernard and Anne Spitzer School of Architecture: New York, New York Degrees Offered: B. Arch, M. Arch
5. SUNY at Buffalo School of Architecture and Planning:
Degrees Offered: B. Arch, M. Arch
4.Syracuse School of Architecture: Syracuse, New York Degrees Offered: B. Arch, M. Arch
6. New York Institute School of Architecture and Design:
Buffalo, NY
Old Westbury, NY
Degrees Offered: B. Arch, M. Arch
Degrees Offered: B. Arch, M. Arch
7. Pratt School of Architecture New York, New York Degrees Offered: B. Arch, M. Arch
8. Cooper Union Irwin S. Chanin School of Architecture: New York, New York Degrees Offered: B. Arch, M. Arch
Fall 2015 ArchPLUS 11
President’s Perspective
Thank You and Good Night BY PETER GAITO JR, AIA
As the end of the year draws to a close, so does my 1-year term as your President. I have had the honor to represent you at AIA NY State and AIA National events, strengthening relationships and lobbying for and voting on, matters designed to improve all of our professional lives. I have also had the privilege to work with fellow board members, committee members and volunteers during my time on the Board of Directors right up to and including this year, of whom the caliber of talent and dedication is nothing short of stellar. It is with great honor and bittersweet thoughts that I reflect back not only on the past year, but on my entire six years serving on the Board of Directors. Numerous accomplishments from both from myself personally and as a collective board, were realized over that time and I trust that all of us and our profession as a whole, are better because of them. Better, which I define as; Positive results from having the opportunity to meet great clients wanting thoughtfully designed projects, utilizing gained knowledge and applying it for meaningful creative endeavors in order to help client concerns and the general population, also advancing in personal prosperity; all done while supporting the core principals of the American Institute of Architects. Any phrase eluding to, not enough time, cannot be more true, than when describing a one year Presidency. This is especially true when I take into account all of the time that involved the anticipating, planning, developing, meeting, collaborating, deciding, organizing, adapting, learning, creating and celebrating, done to provide consistent, advanced, quality programming for membership’s desires, concerns and initiatives for a robust chapter such as ours. It was my goal this year, to continue on-going initiatives and to bring forth new programs on unique topics and timely interests, that directly benefit our smart, diverse membership. During this past year, through numerous conversations, I have learned a lot about how people work, what matters to them personally and what is best for their business prosperity. I also learned that within our humble chapter (600 architects strong), our diverse membership offer a range of professional services,
12 ArchPLUS Fall 2015
covering a wide spectrum of market sectors in a variety of geographic regions. To this effect, it was clear that in order to be on the forefront of the ever evolving world of architecture and the built environment for our membership, we had to offer enticing classroom and in-the-field opportunities for networking, learning, creating, and socializing. The year’s endeavors included just that, and I was honored by the many attendees that attended our events. The strategies in the development of those opportunities to meet your professional (and emerging professional) needs this year, stemmed from the years of my work on the board of directors leading up to this time and my rationale that our decision making on program choices should be geared to improve the everyday lives of the people that I know, and for our profession at large. In order to help achieve this for you, I have had the privilege to use all of the current and historical resources part of our 79 year old chapter, and from the training and valuable learning experiences gained at both AIA State and National events, to help effect positive change for you. Our chapter is now enjoying the most financial stability it has had in years. This is due in equal parts to chapter leadership efforts, the improving economy, sponsorship/allied professionals, programs and events offered and the chapter magazine ArchPLUS. Over the past few years, we have successfully evolved our chapter to one that offers our membership more opportunities and better choices for a better tomorrow. We accomplished this in an efficient, organized manner which will allow future board members to quickly get up to speed in order to easily continue on with the successes of today. I have worked this year on your behalf in conjunction with our board to support our local chapter architects’ livelihood, working with local officials, professional affiliates and new allied groups in regard to codes, business and development. My efforts and support also extend to the many architects who serve on all of our behalf, at the AIA State and National levels. These efforts will continue next year and I remain excited and optimistic and for our chapter’s future and fully expect our
membership numbers to increase and the chapter’s prosperity to grow, while continuing to and work with local officials and professional affiliates to provide quality programs, special annual events and insightful building tours.
Thank you for the opportunity to serve as your President. I have enjoyed the ride and will remain on as Editor-in-Chief of ArchPLUS and look forward to other opportunities to further the AIA and our profession in other meaningful ways.
Please know that our chapter leadership is always ready to listen to you for whatever maybe necessary to improve your professional lives, which is the same for the people who serve at both the AIA State and National levels. The AIA is on the rise to become a primary trusted resource and steadfast advisor on the international stage. I am continually encouraged with what I read, see and hear regarding the AIA. I cup my hand above my eyes, and look optimistically toward the bright future of our profession. Your passion is needed, and I encourage you to get involved with the chapter today.
Sincerely,
Peter F. Gaito Jr, AIA President
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Fall 2015 ArchPLUS 13
Emerging Professionals
Emerging Professionals Corner QUARTERLY FEATURE
The resource for Emerging Professional AIA chapter members
News/Kudos • All Associate members are eligible to borrow the 2014 Kaplan Study guides. Each section may be checked out individually on a loan period of 6 weeks
• Congratulations
to Teresa Marboe, Assoc.AIA, employed by Gallin Beeler Design Studio in Pleasantville, NY, on passing the Structural Systems section of the ARE .
• Congratulations
• Contact
Jaclyn Tyler at jaclyn.a.tyler@gmail.com for more information on study materials, and events geared toward EP’s. Please also visit the calendar
to Robert Texiera, Assoc.AIA, employed by Gallin Beeler Design Studio in Pleasantville, NY, on passing the Building Design & Construction Systems section of the ARE .
E • merg • ing Pro • fes • sion • al noun
1. Any Member of the Architecture world that meets the following: Current Student, Recent Graduate, Licensed less than 10 years.
14 ArchPLUS Fall 2015
AIA Westchester + Hudson Valley
Welcome New Members
As new members join the AIA Westchester + Hudson Valley chapter, one of the top three largest chapters in New York State, our members gain more opportunities to network. Mr. Peter Dusenberry, AIA Peter Dusenberry Architecture, P.C. 43 S. Bedford Road Pound Ridge, NY 10576
Mr. Scott G. Hirshson, AIA Scott Hirshson Architect, PC 16 Highwood Avenue Englewood, NJ 07631 http://www.hirshsondesign.com/
Mr. Theodore P. Hennes III, Assoc. AIA Armstrong Architecture
Ms. Christina M. Kissel, Assoc. AIA RJ Stahl Architect, PC 75 N Central Ave Ste 301 Elmsford, NY 10523
In Memoriam
Steve Chirogianis
Steve Chirogianis, 81, a longtime resident of New Rochelle, passed away on July 19, 2015. Steve owned his own firm for over 50 years. He was an active and beloved members of our chapter and will be greatly missed.
16 ArchPLUS Fall 2015
Member News Find out what your colleagues are up to... Daniel Contelmo Architects Wins HGTV’s Kid-Tastic Spaces
May Kirk, AIA, poses with her son at the IBM Wall of Fame
May Kirk, AIA Selected as a Best of IBM Honoree, one of IBM’s Highest Honors May Kirk, AIA, and current Director of AIA Westchester + Hudson Valley chapter, was selected as a Best of IBM Honoree. This is one of IBM’s highest honors, shared by just 500 top-performing IBMers each year. This year, honorees were selected for their outstanding performance and for exemplifying IBM’s Purpose, Values and Practices. In addition, IBM specifically chose to recognize those who have been instrumental in transforming IBM as they strive to deliver ever higher value to their clients in strategic areas such as data and analytics, cloud, mobile, social and security. It is clear from this award, how unique May’s contributions to IBM are. Her leadership and contributions resulted in the transformation of IBM’s traditional office space into new Agile and Collaborative workspaces, which are critical to their success. By constructing the Watson Group HQ at Astor Place, the European Digital Sales Centre in Dublin, and the IBM Studio in London, May’s efforts are having a significant impact on IBM productivity and innovation. Congratulations to May Kirk on her achievements.
HGTV just announced the winners of their 2015 Fresh Faces of Design Contest. Daniel Contelmo Architects, a Poughkeepsie based firm, was nominated as a finalist in two categories. Their “Carriage House” was nominated in “Design with a Passion,” and the bunk bed room from their “Man Barn” project was a finalist in “Kid-Tastic Spaces.” The 12 nominees for each category were chosen by a panel of HGTV judges. After the judges selected their favorite designs, voting was opened to the public in order to decide the category winners. After 5 weeks of voting, and over 57.8 million page views, Daniel Contelmo Architects was named the winner of Kid-Tastic Spaces. The firm is now featured on HGTV.com, where the winning project can be viewed. Congratulations to Daniel Contelmo Architects on this significant achievement.
Bunkbed Corner of Barn Location: Pleasant Valley, NY Architect: Daniel Contelmo Architects Photo Credit: Daniel Contelmo, Jr.
Art House 2 Location: Pound Ridge NY, Architect: Carol J W Kurth Architect Photo Credit: Albert Vecerka/Esto
Carol Kurth Architecture Wins Top Design Award from New York Cottages & Gardens Magazine Carol Kurth Architecture has received the 2015 Innovation in Design Award from New York Cottages & Gardens Magazine for their modern Art House 2.0 project. The Magazine’s editors and judges awarded the project its top honor at their awards gala held in New York City. The Innovation in Design Awards program celebrates the best architectural and interior design projects in the New York City metro area. Art House 2.0 was designed as a serene, modern retreat to showcase the client’s growing modern art collection. The project is nestled amidst natural stone outcroppings and untouched forest and uses indigenous stone and cedar to juxtapose rectilinear forms and glass expanses. The use of shaded horizontal overhangs takes advantage of natural daylight to illuminate the interior and creates a passive solar effect. Ms. Kurth designed the client’s first home more than 25 years ago and collaborated with them again to design an open, airy, gallery-like backdrop that frames the gorgeous Westchester woodland views. Congratulations to Carol Kurth Architecture on this award. Fall 2015 ArchPLUS 17
Code Corner
An Update From the State
• A Reminder – To better serve the • Energy Code Update – The 2015 Energy code enforcement community, the Division of Building Standards and Codes will now be primarily providing technical assistance on the Uniform Fire Prevention and Building Code (Uniform Code) and the Energy Conservation Construction Code (Energy Code) to municipal and state Code Enforcement Officials and Building Safety Inspectors. Designers, building owners and the public are encouraged to refer Uniform or Energy Code related questions to the local code enforcement official where the project or property is located.
New NY Building Code Seminar Dec 2nd IBM Somers Office Complex 294 Route 100 Somers, NY 10589 8:00 am - 12:30 pm
18 ArchPLUS Fall 2015
• Uniform Code – The 2015 NYS Uniform
Code Update rulemaking package (adoption of the 2015 International Codes) has been completed by DOS. We anticipate publishing a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking to begin the public comment period by the end of this year.
Code Update rulemaking package (adoption of the 2015 IECC and 2013 ASHRAE 90.1) has been completed by DOS. We anticipate publishing a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking to begin the public comment period by the end of this year.
• Carbon Monoxide Detection in
Restaurants and Commercial Buildings – In accordance with Executive Law §378 (5-d), which became effective on June 27, 2015, the Code Council, at their November 2, 2015, meeting simultaneously adopted an emergency rule (replacing a previously adopted emergency rule) and a permanent rule requiring the installation of carbon monoxide detecting devices in every commercial building and every building that contains one or more restaurants.
Past Presidents of the AIA Westchester + Hudson Valley Board of Directors 2014-15 2013-14 2012-13 2011-12 2010-11 2009-10 2008-09 2007-08 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05 2003-04 2002-03 2001-02 2000-01 1999-00 1998-99 1997-98 1996-97 1995-96 1994-95 1993-94 1992-93 1991-92 1990-91 1989-90 1988-89 1987-88 1986-87 1985-86 1984-85 1983-84 1982-83 1981-82
John D. Fry 2014 Gregg DeAngelis 2013 George Gaspar 2012 William Pfaff 2011 Stuart Markowitz Raymond Beeler ** Carol Cioppa Robert R. Stanziale Michael R. Shilale Adolph M. Orlando A. Paul Varanouskas Edward J. D’Amore Dennis S. Noskin John Mclean Frank J. Tancredi Russell A. Davidson FAIA** Peter F. Gaito Jerome Kerner Anthony T. Romano Vincent J. Mellusi Peter R. Hoffman Noel R. F. Shaw, Jr. John P. Sullivan FAIA** W. Douglas Stewart John Dean Davis Gary David Warshauer Philip J. Franz Roger A. Pellaton Daniel Kearin George F. Henschel Jr. Matthew J. Warshauer Richard E. Kaeyer FAIA** John S. Garment Ralph G. Heiman**
** Also served as AIA NY State President
1980-81 1979-80 1978-79 1977-78 1976-77 1975-76 1974-75 1973-74 1972-73 1971-72 1969-70 1968-69 1967-68 1965-66 1963-64 1960-62 1958-60 1956-58 1954-56 1953-54 1952-53 1951-52 1949-51 1948-49 1947-48 1946-47 1945-46 1944-45 1942-44 1941-42 1940-41 1939-40 1936-39
Chapman Ralph G. Heiman** Kenneth R. Lange William A. Rose FAIA** Laszlo Papp FAIA** Thomas M. Yaroscak Robert L. Felson Leonard Weinberg Eli Rabineau William H. Switzer Bruce Hartwigsen** William Heidtman James W. Peck Robert W. Crozier** P. Compton Miller Jr. Donald H. Neuman Millard Whiteside** G. Norman Blair Gerson T. Hirsch Harry W. McConnell Robert S. McCoy William Halbert Frederick H. Voss** Oscar A. DeBodgan Edward Fleagle J. Bart Walther Phillips Brooks Nichols Kenneth K. Stowell William C. Stohldeier Paul B. LaVelle Robert H. Scannel Lewis Bowman Kenneth K. Stowell
Legal Corner
Understanding the Role of the Architect BY DAVID B. KOSAKOFF, ESQ. It is often assumed that by the performance of construction administration, the Architect is positioned to serve as the policeman for the project.
As many of you know, managing a client’s expectations is one of the most difficult aspects of your role as Architect.
Clients view you as all-knowing and omnipresent, and tend to attribute fault to the Architect should their project experience any difficulties. Contract language, whether in standard forms of agreement or specialized contracts unique to your project, do very little to dispel owners of the notion that Architects do not assume full responsibility for projects. It is often assumed that by the performance of construction administration, the Architect is positioned to serve as the policemen for the project and uncover any defect associated with the work of the contractor. Construction Administration is a term of art that clients often find confusing. Indeed, many claims are filed against Architects when construction defects surface. The presumption is that the Architect “will handle everything that needs to be done to get the job done”. The best way to avoid this misconception is by educating your clients. In so doing, you are explaining in detail what is meant by construction administration and defining the respective responsibilities of the Architect and the contractor. It is not uncommon for Architects to be dragged into litigation, in large part because while contractors are often corporations whose
20 ArchPLUS Fall 2015
officers do not possess personal exposure, Architects do not enjoy the same protection. As licensed professionals, Architects face personal exposure, and therefore, most procure professional liability insurance to protect their assets. The reality is that since insurance coverage is typically available, the Architect is viewed as the party with deep pockets. Conversely, the contractor is often viewed as a party who can hide behind a corporate shield and who typically lacks insurance coverage to contribute meaningful funds to resolve a case. While there is no absolute way to avoid the finger of blame directed at you, efforts to educate your client, including reminders if necessary, could serve to avoid or minimize the consequences of deficient construction practices. By informing your client of the role of the Architect, you are providing them with a valuable service, possibly minimizing your own exposure and managing your client’s expectations. Sensitivity to these issues may not necessarily provide a blanket level of protection, but if you can avoid even one conflict, you will benefit your practice immeasurably. Mr. Kosakoff, a Construction Lawyer, and Partner with Sinnreich Kosakoff & Messina, LLP, serves as General Counsel for Westchester/Hudson Valley Chapter of the AIA. He typically represents architects in all facets of their practice and can be appointed by request by Professional Liability Carriers if the architect is named in a lawsuit.
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Feature
Share What You Know BY MARK R. LEPAGE, AIA
I relaunched Entrepreneur Architect at EntreArchitect.com on December 12, 2012 as an online resource for sole proprietors, small firm architects and students of architecture. It is my mission to share everything I know about succeeding in the profession and I encourage every other architect to do the same. The most successful organizations are built around great teams sharing what they know. I believe that the future of our profession will depend on individual architects taking the responsibility for the changes needed. I am an active supporter of our current professional organizations, but I don’t think they have the same power that we do. When we bring together our collective knowledge, we will be unstoppable. We will take the profession to levels of success and respect that we’ve never before seen. Success Results from Sharing with Others My father is a retired auto mechanic and I was born and raised a DzCorvette Kiddz. Dad would buy and sell classic Corvettes to earn extra money as he pursued his personal passions for classic cars. Cars are part of me and fast cars are in my blood. I’m an architect, an entrepreneur and a huge NASCAR fan. Dale Earnhardt, Jr. is a team member at Hendrick Motorsports. In addition to Earnhardt, Jr.’s team, Hendrick fields three other NASCAR Sprint Cup teams, including teams for Kasey Kane, 4-time champion Jeff Gordon and current and 6-time champion Jimmy Johnson. Since the organization began in 1984, Hendrick Motorsports has earned 200 victories and 11 Sprint Cup Championships. One of the most successful organizations in NASCAR history, they are the sport’s dream team. Why is Hendrick so successful? The team owner, Rick Hendrick is a very respected leader who has established a culture of pride and cooperation. Unlike many of the other teams in NASCAR, Hendrick requires his four teams to share all information. During race day, the
teams compete independently, but during the week the teams work together at the organization’s 100-acre fabrication facility, collaborating with transparency, swapping notes, comparing data, sharing everything they know. Many attribute much of Hendrick Motorsport’s success to this open, sharing environment. The Season of Secrecy Must End Our mission as architects must be the same. Share everything we know, so that we as a team may dominate the pack. For generations, the architecture profession has been cloaked by a culture of secrecy. Architects have been slow to share the information that has made them successful. Fees, business systems, sales and marketing strategies have all been held close to the vest. Even within individual firms, leaders keep business strategies and financial stats hidden from members of their own firms. This season of secrecy must come to an end. The survival of our profession depends on it. We must embrace a culture of collaboration. Sharing our knowledge with one another, and with future generations of architects, will build a profession of progress and we each will enjoy greater success. I am doing what I can to lead the way to revolution. Things can change. We will be a strong and respected profession. Share what you know and lead the profession to progress and success. Together we will all be the champions of change. How are you sharing your knowledge? Do you write a blog? Produce a podcast? Speak about the profession of architecture? Do you meet with fellow architects and compare notes? Do you invite interns to learn what you know? Mark R. LePage, AIA, is Partner in Charge of Operations at the Chappaqua-based residential architecture firm, Fivecat Studio. He is also the founder of EntreArchitect. com (Entrepreneur Architect), an online resource inspiring small firm architects to build better businesses. Mark writes a weekly blog, hosts the EntreArchitect Podcast and has recently launched EntreArchitect Academy, a private online community for architects seeking success in business, leadership and life. Learn
Fall 2015 ArchPLUS 23
Structural Solutions
Engineering 101:
or (5) things every Architect should know about Structural Engineering BY CIRO CUONO, PE
Architecture and Engineering design work is an iterative process. Choose a design, work it through, test your design, revise your design, and start again. This is as true for the sizing of a concrete beam as it is for laying out an architectural floor plan for a school or institution. Designers do not know the answers beforehand and therefore they must run through various scenarios or test cases before honing in on the final answer. In structural design work, the intuition of the engineer can be a great aid. In fact, all humans have a minimal structural intuition. Everyone knows, for example, that a tree trunk should be larger at the base and thinner at the top, rather than the opposite. This basic understanding does not require thinking about the maximum moment at the base due to wind loading on the leaves and branches. A great quote from the Spanish Master Architect and Engineer, Eduardo Torroja, in his book “Philosophy of Structures” says, “The calculation of stresses can serve only to check and to correct the sizes of the structural members as conceived and proposed by the intuition of the designer. The work itself is never born from the calculation”. Basically, one should know beforehand that the tree trunk should be larger at the base, where the stresses are the highest. The calculation is done almost as an afterthought. Not all design situations are as intuitive as the tree trunk analogy. It takes many years of hard training to master our professions and gain the intuition that Torroja developed. As a result, the first starting place is often the so called rule of thumb. As a result, the first starting place is often the so-called rule of thumb. In order to be effective, a rule of thumb should be short, simple, and easy to remember. It should also be approximate or accurate to a degree that it serves as a good starting point, eliminating or reducing the number of cycles in the iterative design process. The rule of thumb also has an additional purpose: “the sanity check”. After crunching numbers with sophisticated 24 ArchPLUS Fall 2015
software or working many hours with fancy spreadsheets, one applies a simple rule that can be done in less than one minute. If the rule yields an answer that is within 20% (or maybe a bigger margin depending on the situation) or at least the same order of magnitude as the computerized result, then you can feel more assured with the adequacy of your design. With these ideas in mind, for this editions “Educationally Themed” issue, here is a list of (5) rules of thumb in structural engineering that should serve not only engineers but architects and builders as well.
1. Beam Spans
How deep or what size should a beam be for a certain span? Steel I Beams: Depth (in) = Span (ft) /2 The rule of thumb for the depth of steel beams, (in moderate loading situations) is the depth in inches should be approximately the span (in feet) divided by 2. Note the units are not consistent. For example, for a 20’ span the depth of the steel beam should normally be in the 10” range, or for a 32’ span, one should not start with a beam less than 16”. This rule not only gives a good starting point for the “least weight solution”, but it also serves to militate against vibration issues in floor systems. For example, the strength and static deflection check for a 10” beam spanning 28’ may work out fine, but the beam is susceptible to vibration issues at that span, particularly for lightly loaded floors. Wood Joists: Max. Depth (in) x1.5 = Span (ft.) The rule of thumb for the span of wood 2x joists in residential construction is the nominal depth (in) x 1.5. The result is the approximate maximum span in feet. Similar to the rule for steel, the units are not consistent. This rule is very handy in the field. For example a 2x10 should not span much more than 15’.
Concrete Slabs and Beams: Slabs: Depth = Span / 20 non-continuous and l/28 continuous (both ends) Beams: Depth = Span/16 non continuous and l/21 continuous (both ends) These rules of thumb for the depths of concrete slabs or thickness of concrete slabs come straight from the ACI (American Concrete Institute) Code. The code sets limits on spans for a given thickness in order to limit deflections to reasonable limits. Once outside these parameters, somewhat complicated deflection checks must be performed. For example, for a concrete slab, with continuous supports at each end, and with a 14’ clear span, the starting point for slab thickness should be: clear span / 28 or 14’x (12”/1’) /28 = 6”.
2. How a Wood Gable Roof Works Tension (Collar) ties should be in bottom 1/3 height A wood gable roof in residential construction is a simple truss. This truss is formed by three members: two roof rafters, nailed to a ridge board, and a horizontal member. The horizontal member acts as a tension tie to resist the outward force of the sloping rafters. This tension tie can take the form of parallel attic joists or collar ties in a cathedral ceiling. These tension collar ties should not be confused with collar ties that are commonly installed just below the ridge. These upper collar ties act as compression members that help hold the rafters and ridge board rigidly together. The tension force transfer from rafter to tension tie must be a magnitude that is not excessive so that a reasonable number of nails or sometimes bolts can be used. In order to keep this transfer of force to a reasonable magnitude, the tension tie must be in the bottom 1/3 of the height of the roof. Tension ties located above this level becomes challenging as the number of nails or bolts cannot fit within normal 2x construction.
3. Cantilevered Retaining Walls a. The heel should be under the high side b. The footing width should be about 60% of retained height
Simple Design with heavier members Photograph courtesy of Jason Taylor
back-span is 15’ the cantilever should be around 5’ for a reasonable design.
5. Bigger is Better A simpler design, even if heavier members are used, is generally cheaper
The cantilevered portion of beams should not be more than 1/3 of the back-span
There are many functioning older bridges and built-up girders all around us. A typical historic (pre-war) built-up girder may consist of riveted plates, where the plates are “cut off ” or not the full length of the beam. In other words, at the center, where the stresses are greatest there may be (3) rived plates while towards the support there may be only one. These older structures were designed and built at a time when labor was cheap and material was expensive. Engineers designed buildings and bridges with this and mind and were trained to size structural framing for the least weight solution. This criterion is no longer the single governing factor to achieve an efficient and economical solution. It is often cheaper to oversize members, even if there is theoretically wasted material at some locations, than to pay for additional field labor for more complicated framing.
A propped cantilever beam is a beam that is supported at 2 points and extends or cantilevers past one support. The distance between the supports is referred to as the back-span. For example if the
Ciro Cuono, P.E., LEED AP, is a structural engineer and principal at Cuono Engineering PLLC in Port Chester, NY and an assistant adjunct professor of structural engineering at the Bernard and Anne Spitzer School of Architecture at the City College of NY. He can be reached at ccuono@cuonoengineering.com.
A cantilevered retaining wall is a retaining wall that projects or cantilevers above a wide footing and resists overturning by utilizing the weight of the retained soil above the footing. These rules of thumb are very handy starting points, especially for pre-planning purposes.
4. Cantilevered Beams
Fall 2015 ArchPLUS 25
Feature
ACE MENTORING PROGRAM ARCHITECTURE
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CONSTRUCTION
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ENGINEERING
BY MANUEL ANDRADE, AIA, LEED AP
This past year, I had the opportunity to volunteer as a mentor in the ACE program. The program introduces high school students to the various roles in architecture, construction and engineering. The ACE mentoring program is involved with high school students in more than 200 cities across the US. “Our mission is to engage, excite and enlighten high school students to pursue careers in architecture, engineering, and construction through mentoring and to support their continued advancement in the industry,” as per ACE Mentor Program’s website. Professionals from the fields of Architecture, Interior Design, Landscape Architecture, Mechanical Engineering, Structural Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Civil Engineering, Construction Managers, College and University Representatives break into teams and are assigned to a group of high school students. During the program, the students are guided to selected a project, develop the program, prepare schematic designs as well as investigate the systems required for the type of project being developed. They develop construction estimated and preliminary construction schedule for the project. The students are introduced to each trade in a hope to inspire them to continue a career path in one of those fields. 26 ArchPLUS Fall 2015
At the end of the program, teams within an area gather in a central location and present their projects to the audience as well as a group of representatives from the ACE program sponsors. Each student takes a turn to describe a portion of their team’s project development. A power-point presentation is utilized to demonstration the investigation, development and refinement of their design. After the presentation, the jury is allowed to pose questions to the students about their projects and the team provides replies to the questions. Another important part of the ACE program is their sponsors. Because of their support, the program is offered to the student at no cost. As part of being involved in the program, graduating student can apply for scholarships from the ACE Mentoring Program for attending a program in Architecture, Construction or Engineering. The experience of mentoring students interested in the fields of Architecture, Construction and Engineering is very fulfilling and exciting. As a result, I am involved in the mentoring program again this year and I urge anyone that wants to get involve to contact the ACE Mentoring program at www,acementor.org and assist this wonderful program to continue to grow and able to effect more students across the country. On the following pages, you will get a glimpse into the projects deigned by the local teams
TEAM 42 NYC
Center for Architecture for the Westchester + Hudson Valley AIA Chapter Last year, The Mentors for the Team 42 of the ACE Mentoring Program approached the Westchester + Hudson Valley AIA Board of Directors and requested if we would be interested in being the mock client for their project that they will be developing that year. Peter Gaito Jr. AIA took the lead
and developed project requirements for our chapter’s center for architecture. The proposed location for the site was in the Newburgh Area. The program for the Center of Architecture included three multipurpose galleries, lecture hall, two classrooms, administrative office and support areas for five-chapter staff members and a conference room After reviewing a number of proposed sites, Team 42 narrowed the site to 120 Grand
IMAGES: ABOVE LEFT: Team 42 NYC ABOVE: Team 42 NYC BELOW: Team 42’s Proposal
Street in Newburgh NY. They prepared site analysis that included the interaction of the W+HV AIA, Newburgh Free Library, Town of Newburgh, Central Hudson Gas and Electric and the Masonic Temple and a proposed open space / green square that would act as the link. A master plan for the area was developed and then they turned to the development of the Center for Architecture. Utilizing a blocking exercise, sketching and 3D Sketch-up models, the team developed the building program. They studied Massing and Adjacency for the proposed building to investigate the best solution that could be incorporated into the site and neighborhood. Each floor layout was reviewed by the team from a point of perspective of a Staff and from the Public Point of View and also from a Vocational Students Eye. Team 42 investigated various
systems for the proposed Center for Architecture, which included Geothermal, Heat Pump, Active Chilled Beams, Radiant Flooring, Fire and Safety Systems and Solar Energy. They also prepared a LEED scorecard and determined that the facility could be constructed with a Gold Certification. Team 42 then studied the logistics of the construction of the building which included scheduling, funding, and approvals. In June, Team 42 NYC met with the Westchester + Hudson Valley AIA Board of Directors and presented the project. All members of the audience were extremely amazed with the level that the project was developed and the all the areas of the project that were analyzed. The presentation re-enforced the importance that the ACE Mentoring Program for High School Students interested in the fields of Architecture, Construction and Engineering
IMAGES: TOP: Design Development ABOVE: Existing Building BELOW: Team 42’s Proposal
TEAM 32
Project Summary: Team 32 was presented with the real world opportunity and challenge to engineer and design an entire power distribution substation for load relief in the Brownsville section of Brooklyn, New York. This large scale, multi-year, multi-disciplinary, project includes the engineering and planning of Architectural, Civil, Mechanical, Electrical Engineering, Project Management and Construction concepts. The scope of the project included selecting the most ideal parcel of land by considering building codes, neighbor integrity, access, as well as more long term impact considerations such as synergistic re-development.
TEAM 44
Woodlands Senior High School Sports College Campus Project summary: Team 44, Woodlands Senior High School, undertook the planning, design and construction of a new college campus. Separate design teams were established for each major structure in order to go develop the project which includes a sports stadium, educational facility, dormitory structurer as well as a transportation system which links all the elements allowing the flow of vehicles and pedestrians throughout the site. As a team they developed a design program, going into depth of all the functions, amenities, and performance criteria requested by the owner. The major factors included transportation systems, multipurpose sports covered stadium, dormitories and educational facilities
Fall 2015 ArchPLUS 29
TEAM 26
Ace University Project Summary: Team 26 worked to design ACE University on the site of Governor’s Island located in New York city. DASNY, the client for this project, was looking to develop a total of 125 acres including the rehabilitation of the historic district and the construction of new buildings and green space. The proposed program served the needs of four user populations specifically commuters, dorm uses, faculty and facility maintenance staff. The scope of work consisted of several program elements including a transportation depot, dormitories, classrooms, lecture hall, student common area, cafeteria, library, fitness center, and sports complex. The multi-disciplinary design team consisted of transportation, civil and structural engineers as well as architects and landscape architects.
TEAM 10 New East River Island Project Summary: Team 10 designed A New East River Island. The team established the following: NYC is growing faster than the region can support; Housing demand currently exceeds housing supply; NYC is expecting to add 1 million more residents by 2030. The following parameters will established by the team: Imagine the potential for a 6th Borough; Self-sustaining community located on a new man-made island on the East River; A strong, resilient, innovative borough that interacts with the environment and the city. The students came together to become the developers, architects, engineers, designers and builders for “The 6th Borough.”
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TEAM 17 New Subway Entrance Left Top: ACE NY Team 17 recognized on the field and over the PA system before a Yankee home game. The team meets in conference rooms at Yankee Stadium for half the year. Above: ACE students from NY Team 17 display their paper towers constructed in the season’s first meeting. The towers were made in 1 hour from limited paper and tape and had to be a minimum of 6ft tall. Left Bottom: ACE students from NY Team 17 discuss their architectural plans for a new subway entrance linking the transit
Participate in ACE! Through sponsoring or mentoring now, you will be contributing to workforce development efforts and helping today’s most promising young people gain a firsthand experience of the dynamic career potential our industry offers while fostering their work ethic and the skills they will bring to your business. Become a Mentor today! Ed Jerman
Assistant Executive Director ACE Mentor Program of Greater New York (p)631.242.6246 Email: greaterny@acementor.org
Fall 2015 ArchPLUS 31
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Chapter Events
2015 Golf Outing & Scholarship Fundraising BY RICK TORRES, AIA
This year’s golf outing was held at Old Oaks Country Club in Purchase, New York, an exclusive golf venue right here in the heart of our chapter. The building that is now the Clubhouse was originally constructed as a residential estate for a silk merchant named Trenor Luther Park. A.W. Tillinghast was the architect of two golf courses for the original Country Club.
34 ArchPLUS Fall 2015
The 9-hole course, which was built first, no longer exists, its land being required for the construction of Interstate Highway 684. The 18-hole course remains to this day as one of the finest golf courses in Westchester County. The Club has hosted the USGA’s US Open Qualifying Tournament several times, as well as the Metropolitan Golf Association’s Senior’s Tournament.
We again needed to “wade through the waters” as rain was part of our welcome. The foul weather didn’t dampen our spirits as we walked the challenging layout with the help of caddies. Over 70 golfers braved the elements to support the chapter annual scholarship. Each year the chapter has the honor of presenting up to three scholarships to currently enrolled architecture students from nearby colleges and universities. We, the chapter, were delighted to present well earned recognition to Gina Marie Landi, NYIT, Peter A. Zambelletti, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and Briana Lynne Bloomer, Dutchess Community College.
2015 Summer School Sessions BY SEUNGHEE PARK, AIA, LEED AP
Above: President Peter Gaito,Jr, AIA is pictured with the Scholarship recipients Gina Marie Landi, Peter A. Zambelletti and Briana Lynne Bloomer
The event continued on in Old Oaks’ spacious dining hall and clubhouse where a fabulous meal and evening was presented which included a full ice cream parlor. We thank our many sponsors and participants for their generous contributions to another successful event. With humble gratitude we are happy to say that this past June’s outing was the best attended in years in spite of the weather and many commented that they rather enjoyed walking the course instead of using the golf carts. We are pleased to announce that we will be back to Old Oaks again on Monday June 1, 2016 so do “Save the Date”. Your golf committee is already hard at work crafting new sponsorship opportunities for you to partner with the chapter. Be on watch for upcoming announcements regarding the 2016 event. We look forward to see you and thanking you in person at Old Oaks in 2016.
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Our AIA Westchester + Hudson Valley Chapter provides a Summer School Program for architects’ continuing education in the months of July and August every year. It’s a great opportunity to learn and accrue NYS required continuing education credits while getting acquainted with other members during the summer months. Each session offers 2 AIA credits to Chapter members and certificates to non-members. Although most of the attendees are AIA members, the classes are open to non-members, including affiliate professionals and interested individuals from other trades as well. This past summer, we offered seven sessions on Tuesday evenings from 5:30pm to 7:30pm at the Cosentino Center in Mt. Kisco. They were chock-full of interesting subjects. The majority were related to sustainable and energy efficient design and construction --ranging from Air movement solutions for energy efficient comfort in conditioned spaces (by Tess Simon of Big Ass Fans), Zero Energy Home construction (by Karla Butterfield of Steven winter Associates, Inc.), Green, Blue and white roofs and their applicability to sustainable design (by Kemper System America, Inc.), to Passive House Technology (by Ken Levenson of NY Passive House). In one session, our chapter Counsel, David B. Kosakoff, Esq., presented valuable information on Architect’s guide to copyright laws, and in another, National Gypsum Co. presented on mold & moisture resistant high performance gypsum products as well as acoustically enhanced gypsum board products to achieve high STC wall assemblies. On the evening of Session 3, the Cosentino Center generously sponsored Italian Night with pasta and drinks, adding fun and festivity at the session’s mid-point break while featuring their new Dekton products. We are very happy to report that all the sessions were quite well-attended and well-received. It is our goal to provide members with the most updated information and interesting topics as best as we can; suggestions and feedback from attendees are always welcome and we will try to incorporate them into next year’s program. As a side note, my experience in planning and organizing the program alongside Libby Parks, who has co-chaired the program with Mike Berta in past years, and Marsha Leed, was fun and rewarding. We also would like to extend our thanks to new Chapter member Kersten Harries, who helped out during the sessions. Most of all, our utmost thanks go to the sponsors of the Program, Cosentino Center Westchester, Northwestern Mutual and Super enterprises-USA, Inc. as well as all the presenters, for enabling us to make the Summer School Program successful. For those who attended as well as those who missed, we hope to see you all next summer!
Fall 2015 ArchPLUS 35
Chapter Events
AIAWHV 2015 Architectural Bike Tour BY PETER COLE, AIA
Photo by Peter Gaito, Jr., AIA
On Sunday October 15, fifteen intrepid cyclists braved brisk fall temperatures and participated in the chapter’s fourth annual Architectural Bike Tour. Starting from the historic Hopewell Junction, NY train station, two different routes were followed that provided a physically invigorating and stimulating architectural experience. The shorter ride covered 34 miles over flat terrain into Poughkeepsie, including stops at Vassar College and the Walkway Over The Hudson. The longer 54 mile route continued across the Hudson River into New Paltz and back. Most of the day’s miles traversed the Duchess and Ulster County Rail Trails, which meet in Poughkeepsie at the newly opened Walkway. This superb example of 19th century bridge engineering served for almost 100 years as the only rail link south of Albany for freight traffic from the West to the factories and ports of New England. In 2009 it was recycled for pedestrian and bike use.
36 ArchPLUS Fall 2015
An hour into the ride the first stop was at Vassar College where John Fry led a tour of architecturally significant structures found on campus. The original building designed by James Renwick, Jr. and more recent commissions by Eero Saarinen, Marcel Breuer, Cesar Pelli and Ennead were visited. Following the tour, the group rode on to downtown Poughkeepsie to witness the spectacular views afforded of the Hudson River valley from the Walkway. At this juncture, half of the group elected to return to Hopewell Junction while the more experienced cyclists continued riding into Ulster County following the continuation of the bike trail and local roads. Arriving in New Paltz a stop was made at the old stone houses constructed in the eighteenth century by the original Huguenot settlers of the area. The remainder of the afternoon’s ride was spent back along quiet country roads through apple orchards and dairy farms linking up with the Walkway and the bike path back to Hopewell Junction.
Photos by Peter Gaito, Jr., AIA - View from glass elevator
In all, it was a fine day experiencing both architecture and cycling. In past years events have included visits to the work of Louis Kahn and Frank Lloyd Wright in central Westchester, the mid-century modern homes designed in New Canaan Ct. by Elliot Noyes, Marcel Breuer, Phillip Johnson, Edward Durrell Stone and others, and a ride across the George Washington Bridge down the
West Side Bike Path to Ground Zero, One World Trade Center and the September 11 Memorial and Museum. Future outings may include the threatened Orange County Government Center in Goshen NY designed by Paul Rudolf, Northeastern Westchester County or a return trip to New Canaan. Other suggestions would be welcomed.
Photos by Peter Gaito, Jr., AIA - View looking west from bridge (210 feet above the Hudson River) - For more information go to www.walkway.org
Fall 2015 ArchPLUS 37
Feature
Designing for a New Education Paradigm BY BLAKE AUCHINCLOSS AND LISA YOKANA Blake Auchincloss, AIA LEED AP, is an Associate at KSQ Architects PC and Lisa Yokana is an Art & Architecture Teacher at Scarsdale High School and STEAM curriculum advisor.
As education looks to new paradigms of learning in the 21st century, the traditional “cells and bells” school design is being eliminated in favor of multi-purpose innovation spaces where all types of activities occur. Whether project based learning, interdisciplinary learning, STEAM or ‘Making,’ schools are looking to create these spaces as they build their programs to better prepare students for the future. While curriculum enhancement and professional training are vital elements for programming these spaces, innovative design is essential in setting the stage for 21st century learning.
Innovation Lab for Kent Place School in Summit, NJ, interior rendering (left) and cutaway aerial perspective (opposite). Images produced by KSQ Architects PC, of White Plains, NY.
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How can architects and designers influence this new paradigm? Consider the tools at the designer’s disposal; tools that can impact the way we experience and interact with space: scale, surfaces, lighting, color, acoustics, furniture, graphics and technology.
SCALE An innovation lab needs to be open and large enough to accommodate several classes, but still function well for smaller groups. The space should incorporate a variety of different scale workspaces: break-out rooms, places to Skype or video chat, and quieter, smaller nooks. Movable partitions or whiteboards on wheels can serve as flexible space dividers empowering students to customize the space to their needs.
SURFACES Smooth, soft surfaces connote comfort while work surfaces should be hard and sleek. Transparency as opposed to opacity between spaces ensures that supervision and safety are maintained, and allows the community to feel welcomed into the space. Both display of finished projects and storage for unfinished projects should be visible so that students can be inspired but not overwhelmed by clutter and mess. Floor patterns can serve as a literal road map for definition of space and program.
LIGHTING
COLOR
ACOUSTICS Sound is a consideration in creating an environment conducive to collaboration or seclusion. Students can choose areas with or without background noise. Soft surfaces, both movable partitions and furnishings, can acoustically differentiate spaces within the larger room.
General lighting can be augmented with task lighting for specific areas, like soldering and electronics. Light dimmers and lighting zones can be employed to set the mood for different types of activities: well-lit for large group program, dimmed light levels for quieter, more intimate student work.
Use the psychological effects of color to add meaning. Saturated warm colors stimulate action while pastel cool colors can convey contemplative, quiet space. Bright colors can be used to engage passers-by and invoke curiosity. Softer colors can evoke the “Starbucks” effect, encouraging coffee-bar collaboration.
Fall 2015 ArchPLUS 39
FURNITURE Flexible furnishings can set the tone. Plush, durable, soft seating sets a casual tone and encourages relaxed interactions. More formal engagement can occur at multi-height movable work tables which can be combined in many configurations or stacked out of the way as the programmatic and curricular needs prescribe. Dividers can create individual work space within a large table. White boards or white board paint on vertical surfaces encourage collaborative brainstorming and makes learning visible. GRAPHICS “Branding� of the space using consistent graphics is vital for messaging the program to the wider community and provoking curiosity. Users can be engaged through the appropriate graphics. Signage on floors and walls can delineate and guide activities. TECHNOLOGY Laptops with adequate Wi-Fi allow students to move around the space and easily collaborate. Every device should have access to a central projection area, or multiple screens for projection around the room. Power outlets should be evenly spaced as well as dropping down from the ceiling at regular intervals. Good ventilation is needed if 3D printers or other machinery is going to be used. Designers can pave the way for 21st century learning by abandoning traditional classroom models and programming in favor of flexible innovation spaces utilizing these design criteria. Creative design and programming is the first step in changing the culture of education and engaging students and teachers in a new way of learning.
Innovation Lab for Kent Place School in Summit, NJ, aerial perspective (top) and interior renderings (above and below). Images produced by KSQ Architects PC, of White Plains, NY.
Blake is an architect. Lisa is a teacher. They collaborate around making, learning and space. Blake and Lisa are both passionate about changing education. Makers themselves, they are excited about learning through doing and the spaces that facilitate this. They want education to reflect how students learn best today and are working with schools, teachers and administrators to create STEAM curriculum, innovation classrooms and Makerspaces.
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Feature
Widening the Pipeline: To the Profession BY DAVID FREEMAN, AIA
I am a middle aged white male architect. There must be a better acronym than MAWMA but I am in good company with 72% licensed architects who identified as Caucasian based on a recently National Architectural Accrediting Board (NAAB) survey. From that same survey 15% of licensed architect identified as female, 1% of licensed architects identify as AfricanAmerican, 5% of licensed architects identify as Asian/Pacific Islander and 3% of licensed architects identify as Hispanic. I am also in a unique position as program chair of the Architecture Program at Dutchess Community College in Poughkeepsie, New York. Our program is a two year associates of applied science degree and we are an open enrollment institution. Nationally Community colleges are the point of entry for many higher education students. In the United States, most undergraduates (55%) begin their educational journey at one of 1,100 community colleges. Community college students represent a wide diversity of backgrounds. Students in two-year institutions are likely to be older, more ethnically and racially diverse and less
42 ArchPLUS Fall 2015
affluent than their four-year counterparts. The American Association for Community Colleges (AACC), in conjunction with other surveys, provides this profile of community college students: 58% are women 30% are racial minority (other surveys cite percentages as high as 60) 32% are 30 years or older (36 percent are traditional age: 18 to 22) 64% attend part-time 65% depend on their parents financially (while 95% of four-year students do) 50% are the first in their families to attend college Community colleges are the least expensive higher education option, which explains in part why such a wide range of students takes advantage of them. The average annual tuition for community colleges nationally is around $3,000, about one-fifth the cost of attending a four-year institution. One of the most significant trends in community college attendance is that community colleges serve as the point of entry for students who wouldn’t otherwise
participate in postsecondary education. Low-income students, students of color, recent immigrants, and students who are the first in their families to attend college are more likely than majority group students to elect to begin their higher education at a two-year institution. According to the Census Bureau, about 85 % of the growth in the population of 18-24 year olds will come from minority and immigrant families over the next decade, and over 40% will come from low-income families. Given these trends, community colleges are likely to play an ever growing role in the US higher education system. And so I would like to think that I am in a good position to offer a suggestion to increasing diversity in the profession. The historical model of becoming an architect is education at a NAAB accredited college, internship and examination. And while I tell my students in New York State it is still possible to become a licensed architect with just a high school diploma and the lack of a felony conviction the reality is a professional degree from an accredited institution is required. And while architectural colleges have certainly grown in their diversity the NAAB 2013 Visiting Team Review on Diversity speaks to the NAAB accreditation requirement for Social Equity and sights the lack of Diversity Plan in many institutions
and the lack of a connection to the Plan and available data. What is the role of a community college architecture program to increase diversity (and to address the elephant that always is part of the discussion). Most community college programs were established to create a drafter. Until the early 1990’s Dutchess’ catalog stated our program was intended to create a draftsman. But the reality is that community college students want to transfer and they want credit for what they have learned in the two years at a community college. In fall of 2012 Randy A. Steiner, AIA LEED AP and Program Coordinator of the Architecture Program at Montgomery College met with a core group of educators, myself included to establish a national coalition of community college architecture programs. In 2014 the cCCAP was established as a national organization with a rapidly growing membership. The primary objectives of the cCCAP are to: Establish transfer/articulation agreements between Architecture Programs in community colleges and schools of architecture
And while that may sound difficult the NAAB Conditions for Accreditation and the NAAB Student Performance Criteria (SPC) have helped pave the way. An accredited architectural program is required by NAAB to list the SPC for each architectural course and at what level the SPC is met – understanding or ability. The understanding of a concept or system or the ability to apply that concept or system. Community colleges have always done a great job with introducing a student to architecture at an emerging level. And now with clearly articulated SPC’s and working with accredited institutions our community college students are transferring successfully at a greater rate. And with greater emphasis on integrated design by schools of architecture what is a typical capstone class at a community college is now part of a accepted design studio. Widening the pathways to the profession of architecture will not be easy. Visit a community college architecture program. Speak to a graduate. You will see that in terms of Cost, Intent to Graduate, Overall Preparation, Diversity, and Passion Community Colleges are part of the answer.
Increase the racial, gender, cultural, and socio-economic diversity within the architectural profession
David Freeman AIA Assistant Professor - Program Chair Architectural Technology and Management Technology
Construction
Fall 2015 ArchPLUS 43
COMPETITION ASKS ARCHITECTS AND ENGINEERS TO REIMAGINE A NEW YORK CITY ICON Metals in Construction Magazine Announces a $15k Prize for the Most Innovative and Energy-Efficient Redesign of the Facade of 200 Park Avenue September 21, NEW YORK, NY— Metals in Construction magazine has launched a competition for architects, engineers, students, designers, and others from all over the world to submit their vision for recladding 200 Park Avenue, built a half-century ago as the world’s largest corporate structure, the Pan Am Building (now the MetLife Building). The mandate is to reimagine this New York City icon with a resourceconserving, eco-friendly enclosure—one that creates a highly efficient envelope with the lightness and transparency sought by today’s office workforce while preserving and enhancing the aesthetic of its heritage. Entrants may now register on the competition website, www.metalsinconstruction.org, and the deadline for final submission is February 1, 2016. The magazine will award a $15,000 cash prize to the design judged to exhibit the most innovation, energy efficiency, and aesthetic integrity. The panel of six jurors come from architecture and engineering fields and include some of the best known experts in sustainable design: Ben Tranel, AIA, LEED of Gensler; Areta Pawlynsky, AIA, of Heintges; Billie Faircloth, AIA, LEED AP BD+C, of Kieran Timberlake; Fiona Cousins, PE, LEED AP BD+C, of Arup; Sameer Kumar, AIA, LEED AP, of SHoP; and Hauke Jungjohann of Thornton Tomasetti. The prize will be awarded at a half-day conference at the TimesCenter in New York City on February 26, 2016. The winner and any runners-up will be published in Metals in Construction magazine and its digital platforms. The competition is sponsored by the Ornamental Metal Institute of New York. Recent advances in material technology and parametric design have given architects freedom to create exteriors of almost limitless variation. As a result, the enclosure has become a transformational building element, where recladding a building can give it a new visual identity and radically improve its energy performance in the process. Yet when a project involves recladding one of a city’s most recognized landmarks, preservation often comes at the expense of innovation. Preserving the original identity—not altering it—is foremost in the minds of designers.
“The competition was conceived to explore ways of retrofitting existing facades for high performance when preservation and innovation are competing priorities,” says Gary Higbee, AIA, director of industry development for the Ornamental Metal Institute of New York and editor of Metals in Construction magazine. “The goal of the design challenge is to use this well-known Park Avenue landmark to elicit the possibilities for such alteration and the potential impact on both energy use and architectural legacy.” The competition was inspired by President’s Climate Action Plan and the Architecture 2030 Challenge. Meeting the aggressive goals for energy reduction established by these programs will require energy retrofits of existing building stock on a widespread scale. With this in mind, designers commissioned to replace antiquated facades on notable office towers will need to strike a balance between preserving what is truly architecturally significant and integrating components that can offer higher energy performance. About Metals in Construction magazine Metals in Construction magazine showcases noteworthy projects that feature innovative use of structural steel and architectural metal in New York City’s five boroughs and adjacent Nassau, Suffolk, and, Westchester counties. To see recent issues of the magazine, visit www.ominy.org/publications. About the Ornamental Metal Institute of New York The Ornamental Metal Institute of New York is a not-for-profit association created in 1972 to advance the interests of the architectural, ornamental, and miscellaneous metal industries. In this regard, the Institute sponsors programs to keep architects, engineers, construction managers, and developers abreast of innovations in the use of these materials for architectural applications. www.ominy.org
DESIGN BRIEF Built a half-century ago as the world’s largest corporate structure, the Pan Am Building (now the MetLife Building) at 200 Park Avenue in New York City initially enjoyed little praise in the architectural press. Critics found the massive brutalist structure an assault on Grand Central Terminal and an obstruction to views up and down Park Avenue. Despite this controversial beginning, the building today is firmly in the grip of nostalgia, its location atop a rail hub now the model of urban efficiency and its facade one of the most recognizable in the city. Given this legacy, it is almost understandable that, when a 2001 investigation revealed age-related defects in the facade, the principal objective was to restore it to sound condition. At the time, there was no inclination to alter its widely familiar appearance in order to harness the latest technological advances. But with the call for global energy reduction driving the Architecture 2030 Challenge, a more compelling case for this type of alteration exists today. The goal of the design challenge is to use this well-known Park Avenue landmark to explore the possibilities for such alteration and the potential impact on both energy use and architectural legacy. SPECIFIC DESIGN GUIDELINES Submittals must address the recladding of all exterior wall components of 200 Park Avenue in New York City to reduce the building’s energy consumption. • •
•
The design must demonstrate an understanding of sustainability as well as desirable daylighting and creature comforts for modern, Class A office space. In addition to aesthetics, participants should take into consideration local climate, neighboring buildings, city requirements, efficiency of materials, new technologies, functionality, existing tenancies, and overall constructibility. Participants must demonstrate their approach to the envelope design by conducting standard analyses such as Daylighting and Embodied Carbon/Embodied Environmental Impact. Hygrothermal, heat transfer modeling or bespoke scripting and modeling may also be necessary to communicate a design team’s approach to bringing environmental and ecological considerations to bear on their design.
A ca. 1965 view of the Pan Am building and its podium. Photo found at ephemeralnewyork.wordpress.com
BUILDING DATA For the purposes of this design challenge, the dimensions of 200 Park Avenue shall be as follows: Construction Type: Steel frame with concrete panelized exteriors Building Height: 808 feet
SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS
Number of Stories: 58
Registration and submission are handled completely through www.metalsinconstruction. org. The process is composed of three parts:
Building Area: 3,000,000 square feet
•
Entrant Info – Contact information of the individual or team submitting. This will not be shared with judges and is only for contact purposes.
Number of Stories (Podium): 8
•
Project Description – A series of descriptive points related to the design and process of the submission.
•
Visualization Components – Up to 10 pages to represent the proposal. This attachment should be one (1) multi-page PDF file (max. 10 pages) formatted at 11”x17” (ledger) and can include supporting backup data, calculations, and commentary to supplement the images. Do not link or embed objects.
PRIZE One grand prize of $15,000 to be awarded at a half-day conference in New York City on February 26, 2016. The winner and any runners-up will be published in Metals in Construction magazine and its digital platforms. See Competition Rules (http://metalsinconstruction.org/competition-rules/) and the F.A.Q. page (http:// metalsinconstruction.org/faq/) for more information.
Number of Stories (Tower): 50 Typical Podium Floor Area: 90,000 square feet Typical Tower Floor Area: 40,000 square feet Typical Story Height: 13 feet, 6 inches Any discrepancy between the dimensions listed above and the actual dimensions of 200 Park Avenue are immaterial to the competition and will not influence the judging.
Feature
Bedford School Installs a Solar Air Heating System BY MIKE MESSINGER, R.A., NCARB, AND MARSHA LEED, AIA, LEED AP
Low-maintenance solar air heating works in conjunction with conventional heating systems to reduce energy consumption
Photovoltaic systems have gotten a lot of attention lately. These, of course, are installations consisting of panels covered with silicon wafers capable of converting sunlight to usable electricity. There are many other ways to capture solar energy in usable and effective ways for both space heating and domestic hot water heating. KSQ Architects of White Plains recently installed a new solar air heating system during a renovation project at West Patent Elementary in the Bedford Central School District, Westchester County, New York.
46 ArchPLUS Fall 2015
The solar air heating system is simple – it consists of dark colored perforated metal wall siding installed with a plenum space behind it, about 10” deep. The installation is essentially a metal box hung on the side of the building. An air duct connection within the box draws fresh outside air through the collector and into the building, preheating it along the way. The specially constructed exterior siding is perforated with small slits, which allow air to enter from outside. This type of heating system is not recirculating – it draws in only fresh outside air. As the sun
shines on the dark surface of the metal siding, it heats up a thin layer of air outside the assembly. If you’ve ever placed your hand on a south facing brick wall on a cold January afternoon, it will feel warm to the touch. The brick wall will radiate this captured solar energy back out into the atmosphere, where it is lost. The solar wall system captures this radiant energy by drawing in the heated layer of air, collecting it within the plenum space behind the exterior panel, and then delivering it into the building for heating, supplementing the existing fossil-fuel heating system. Our installation at West Patent Elementary took advantage of the existing configuration of the 5,300 square foot Gymnasium building, built in 1968. The scope of our project included installing new exterior siding on the upper portions of the building, originally clad in wood. The plan was to replace the old wood with new fiber cement siding. We then decided we could substitute some of the proposed fiber cement system with perforated metal panels, which are comparably priced, to create a new solar air heating system. Our new siding is attached to the existing concrete block exterior walls. South is the ideal orientation for any solar system in the northern hemisphere. This building is oriented about 23 degrees west of south. To make the most of this orientation, our system uses two sets of panels; one set on the southeast side to collect morning sun, and one set on the southwest side to collect afternoon heat. Because the system lacks a true south orientation, overall solar input will be
somewhat reduced. But with the dual sets of panels harvesting from 2 exposures, our system will receive sunshine for a longer duration each day than one facing directly south. The solar air heating system automatically regulates itself seasonally. In the winter, the angle of the sun is lower in the sky, and maximum direct sunlight can be collected on the vertical metal panels. Very little solar energy is collected in the summer when the angle of the noon sun is the highest. On a typical sunny winter day, sunshine is collectible from roughly 9:00 am to 3:00 pm. This perfectly coincides with a school’s hours of operation, which makes it ideal for educational projects. We were fortunate at West Patent Elementary to be able to utilize the existing heating equipment with minimal additional cost. The new perforated metal panels are installed on the outside walls, and are ducted into the gymnasium ventilation system. The existing wall-mounted interior mechanical fans allow the new ductwork to tie directly into the existing mechanical configuration. A new system of dampers was installed to direct solar heated into the building when needed and available, or bypass the solar collectors at night or during warmer months. Other than these dampers, the solar air heating system has no moving parts, therefore it will be very low maintenance. The manufacturers advertise the panel lifespan as 30+ years.
Opposite: Solar air heating system alternates with fiber cement siding on West Patent Elementary facade. Below: Perforated metal siding, exterior face of solar air heating system assembly. Photos provided by KSQ Architects.
West Patent Elementary: BEFORE and AFTER Photos provided by KSQ Architects
Similar solar air heating collectors have been installed on buildings throughout North America. They are well suited to large, open spaces such as gymnasiums, warehouses, and factories, which typically have tall expanses of exterior walls with few windows. The low-maintenance solar air heating works in conjunction with conventional heating systems to reduce energy consumption, and therefore save money. They can potentially displace 20-50% of the traditional heating load & thereby lower greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). An added benefit is improved ventilation and indoor air quality. In addition to the newly installed solar air heating system, future installations at West Patent Elementary School will include photovoltaic panels on the gymnasium roof and a pole-mounted photovoltaic tracker system. This tracker will follow the sun as it moves through the day, and adjust its angle as the sun’s angle changes through the seasons. Together, these systems will provide a valuable teaching tool, potentially inspiring young students to find new methods of harnessing the power of the sun to create more renewable and clean energy. Fall 2015 ArchPLUS 47
November Events
December Events
Guest Lecture November 12
Soiree 79 December 7
Guest Lecturer Jodi Anderson, AIA, LEED AP presents Resiliency and 8 Good Habits for Architecture
Join us for a night full of food • beverages • music • tours • recognition
5 Thursday Breakfast Seminar
Topic:TBD 1161 Little Britain Road New Windsor, NY 8:00 - 9:30 am
2 Wednesday Half Day Seminar:
Residential Design & Release of New NYS Code IBM Somers Office Complex 294 Route 100 Somers, NY 10589 8:00 am - 12:30 pm
12 Thursday Guest Lecture Jodi Anderson, AIA, LEED AP Resiliency & 8 Good Habits 7 Monday Soiree 79 Garcia’s at the Capitol Theatre for Architects 149 Westchester Avenue IBM Learning Center Port Chester, NY 20 Old Post Road Armonk, NY 6:00 - 9:00 pm Interested in assisting with the chapter’s graphics task force? Have web design ex14 Saturday Interrelationship of perience or magazine layout experience? Sustainability &Resiliency Contact Valerie Brown at 914.232.7240 or Center of Sustainable Design aiawhv@gmail.com Village of Mamaroneck Court House 169 Mt. Pleasant Ave Interested in serving on the Events Mamaroneck, New York Committee? Contact Valerie Brown at 1:00 - 4:00 pm 914.232.7240 or aiawhv@gmail.com For more information on our events, please visit our website at www.aiawhv.org
48 ArchPLUS Fall 2015
January Events
February Events Kick off January Chapter Meeting TBD
Mardi Gras February 9 Join your Emerging Professionals as they host a social event for the entire chapter and celebrate Mardi Gras
Erika Krieger will present code information/ updates pertinent to Architects
TBD
January Chapter Meeting Location TBA Time TBA
9 Tuesday Mardi Gras Social Event Location TBA Time TBA
23-25
Grassroots Detroit
Proudly Supports A.I.A.Westchester+Hudson Valley Proudly Supports A.I.A.Westchester+Hudson Valley
FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT Carrie Bartucca Architectural Specification’s Representative Cell: 860-305-2599 Email: cbartucca@michaelhalebian.com
Fall 2015 ArchPLUS 49
AIA Westchester + Hudson Valley would like to thank all of their Annual Ad sponsors for this year: Best Plumbing Cuono Engineering Institute for Design Professionals Municipal Testing Laboratory, Inc. Prosurance Redeker Group The Ornamental Metal Institute of NY The Steel Institute of NY Ad Space Available Visit our website www.aiawhv.org for rates and specifications Contact Valerie Brown or Jaclyn Tyler for any questions
Print issues are available for order through the Chapter office. Single copy price $10. Contact Valerie Brown at chapteroffice@aiawhv.org to place your order.
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54 ArchPLUS Fall 2015
COMMUNITY DESIGN AWARDS
FIRST HONOR AWARD PROJECT: RESTORATION AND REHABILITATION OF THE GREELEY HOUSE MUNICIPALITY: TOWN OF NEW CASTLE ARCHITECT: STEPHEN TILLY ARCHITECT CONTRACTOR: MIKE DISISTO, SUBURBAN CONSTRUCTION OF NY, INC. OWNER: NEW CASTLE HISTORICAL SOCIETY
FIRST HONOR AWARD (OPPOSITE PAGE)
PROJECT: BURNHAM BUILDING MUNICIPALITY: VILLAGE OF IRVINGTON-ON-HUDSON ARCHITECT: STEPHEN TILLY ARCHITECT OWNER: VILLAGE OF IRVINGTON-ON-HUDSON Fall 2015 ArchPLUS 55