2016, SEMESTER 2, BRADLEY YADONG CUI (AIDEN)
Ba
Architecture is system. It can be one single unit of system. It can also be one of a complex system.
STUDIO AIR
SUBJECTIVITY? CUSTOMIZATION? UNIVERSALITY?
CRITERIA DESIGN CRITERIA DESIGN
CRITERIA DESIGN
CRITERIA DESIGN
DESIGN
CRITERIA DESIGN CRITERIA DESIGN CRITERIA DESIGN CRITERIA DESIGN CRITERIA DESIGN
PARAMETR
CRITERIA
PHYSIC TRANS CODES PURE M INTELL
CRITERIA DESIGN
CULTURAL LANGUAGE OR EXTERIOR APPEARANCE OF INTERIOR STRUCTURE? INTERNAL STRUCTURE? MICRO STRUCTURE? MACRO PEFORMANCE?
MATERIALITY & PATTERNING FABRICATION
RICS
CAL EMBODIED? SFORMING LANGUAGE? S OR RULES OR COMMANDS? MANUAL OR SEMILIGENT OR AI? CRITERIA DESIGN
JOINTS? OR CONNECTIONS? OR INTEGRATIVE? CHANGES IN TIME? ACTIVE? STEADY? DIFFICULTY OF REPAIRING? MATERIAL COST?
PLASTIC GYPCRETE FOAM THATCH METALS ICE & SNOW SAND STONE WOOD MATERIAL TIMBER TEXTILES MEMBRANES BRICK GLASS CERAMICS
RESEARCH FIELD X
B1
PERFORMANCE
MATERIAL PERFORMANCE
CRITERIA DESIGN
COMPOSITE FIBRES MUD & CLAY
FROM INTERIOR TO EXTERIOR? PATTERN FROM 2D TO 3D? MAN-MADE PATTERN/ CULTURE/ CAMOUFLAGE?
CRITERIA DESIGN
Applying physical rule into computation, the Research Pavilion 2010 by ICD/ITKE is an physical character into computation design of an entire architecture form. As a main direct data which are applied in forming architecture in realtime instead use for testing after a wh
The bending factor therefore is able to provide a rang of possiable bending for the desig to change its form under bending to keep the entire form steady, or, in another word, in therefore, is set at the position of not-that-under-bending between no bending and the ma
RESEARCH FIELD
The idea of realtime data computation design might able to be applied into a much more Metz designed by Shigeru Ben, in the design of this research pavilion, the supporting stru makes this design much more arguable for the light structure is not that much steady unde earthquake.etc, but is much more flexible. Also a chain reaction brought by the fail of cen utre. So how about use several units to bread down the risk? not by tradition columns but physical rule used: see left formula computation: rhino_color gradient+applied physical+bending range controlled by slide weave to add more bending ends onto a single beam (see the connecting points bewteen two closet parallel beams) to enlarge material strength on the same load path.
X
MATERIAL PERFORMANCE
figure.2
repeat in a circle
figure.1
X
BENDING ACTIVE
B2
Figure.1 ‘RESEARCH PAVILION ICD/ITKE UNIVERSITY OF STUTTGART, 2010’, Bending-Active, Parametric Design, < http://www. str-ucture.com/en/what/research-and-development/reference/research-pavilion-icditke-university-of-stuttgart-2010/> Figure.2 ‘Teaching by Doing: A Research Pavilion in Stuttgart’ , <http:// www.detail-online.com/article/teaching-by-doing-a-research-pavilion-instuttgart-14263/ >, [published 10/29/2010] Figure.3 ‘2010 ICD Research Buildings / Prototypes’, ICD/ITKE Research Pavilion 2010, < http://icd.uni-stuttgart.de/?p=4458>
CRITERIA DESIGN
Potential of Single
Research Pavilion 2010 b
experiment of applying materialâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s(timberâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s) tion, bending factor is one of these material hole form of architecture is fully generated.
gn of architectural structures to let it able a status of bending active. The final form, aximum bending position.
e larger scale. Unlike the Centre Pompidou ucture is not particular emphasized, which e the pressure of strong exterior force, wind, ntre hoop might be a weakness of this struct by computated forms?
holding units figure.3
Bending Strength = 10000
Bending Strength = 5000 Bending from 0% to 12.5% 25% 50% 87.5% 98.75%
Material?
by ICD/ITKE
Bending from 0% to
Bending from 0% to 12.5% 25% 50% 87.5% 98.75%
0%
0%
12.5%
12.5%
25%
Bending Strength = 1
micro compression unit in bending
0%
Actived
12.5%
25%
25%
50%
50%
50%
87.5%
87.5%
87.5%
98.75%
98.75%
98.75% CRITERIA DESIGN
Actived
Crashed
12.5% 25% 50% 87.5% 98.75%
Architect Antonio G rium shapes for arch of this design. So as used might be able t
Figure.4 List of Physical Visualizations and Related Artifacts, ‘1889 – Gaudí’s Hanging Chain Modelsavilion 2010”, <http://dataphys.org/list/ gaudis-hanging-chain-models/>
RESEARCH FIELD
Figure.6 Iwamotoscott , ‘Voussoir Cloud SCIArc Gallery’, Los Angeles, 2008, <http://www.iwamotoscott.com/VOUSSOIR-CLOUD>
So how about we ap let it help create form process of arch-like s of tracing the form o
The approach of vou exactly an experime this conceive into a r
X
MATERIAL PERFORMANCE
X
FORM-ACTIVE
B3.1
In Antonio Gaudi’s m a mirror of gravity ( universal gravitation nected ropes under t field for creating spa arch-like space boun
Figure.5 Archivenue, ‘Voussoir Cloud’ by IwamotoScott with Buro Happold’, <http://www.archivenue.com/voussoir-cloud-by-iwamotoscottwith-buro-happold/>
figure.4
INVERSED PURE TENSION TO PURE COMPRESSION? HANGING CHAIN + STRUCTURE + FILLING MATERIAL?
CRITERIA DESIGN
That is why it nee walls to help support cess of computation of mesh created by t ready been set in a 2
Gaudi’s hanging chain model which helps him finding equilibed structures is applied in the main structure design approach s a starting point as understanding this design, the model it o be used as a starting reference. Folding Thin Wood Laminate
model, the idea of hanging chain uses (part of basic physics in Sir.Newton’s n) to help find the best form of conthe gravitation of earth’s geomagnetic ce. By inversing this created space, an nded by the ropes is then created.
An ultra-light
pply this model into computation to m in computer to make the following space creating more accurate (instead of ropes by hands) and more complex?
material system?
ussoir might be ent of realising real practice.
ed surrounding t for in the pron, the boundary he ropes has al2D quare space.
figure.5
Structural simulating by physical engine. final form input into rhino as mesh. inverted from hanging mesh
Another part is the permeability between the exterior space and interior space of the design. The “voussoir” form of design is created for it. Puting aside the conext of being in this architecture system, the pattern of the mesh structure can be anything. But the first concern is seems always triangle for it has super strong adaptability in tracing surface with liquid actions (seems it does not providing any extra frame). But with a concern of permeability, the pattern need to be able to let exterior space come into the structure. If the requirement is to let whole interior space gain as much interaction with exterior as possiable and do not change the entire form of design, the material or the pattern need to be changed. This design seems want to change both of them by using super light material with high permeability and hollow pattern. So how to make the hollow pattern? The idea of using small units to construct the the whole form of design is the more small units applied the better effect they shows (one unit’s fail wound not cause the fail of whole structure; the curved form of whole structure can be saved maximumly). Therefore using hands to generate, locate and cut them might not be a good idea. Fabrication and generation deisgn process is then necessary to be used.
CRITERIA DESIGN
figure.6
VOUSSOIR CLOUD BY IWAMOTOSCOTT & Buro Happold
TRUSS
RESEARCH FIELD X
MATERIAL PERFORMANCE
X
ACTIVE & STEADY
B3.2
BEING DIFFERENT FROM MEMBRANE, IN TRUSS STRUCTURE, THE MISSION OF LOAD BEARING IS APPLIED ONLY ON TRUSS MEMBERS AND THEIR JOINTS INSTEAD OF THE ENTIRE SHELL. IN THE HANGING CHAIN DRIVED TRUSS STRUCTURE, THE JOINTS OF MEMBERS WORKS TOGETHER AS COMPRESSION MEMBERS TO RESIST GRAVITY.
MEMBRANE/SUGGESTED MEMBRANE IT IS ANOTHER FORM OF TRUSS IF WE LOOK INTO IT ON MICRO LEVEL. THE REASON OF ITS DIFFERENCE MATERIAL PERFORMANCE IS THAT, IN MEMBRANE, THE JOINTS OF TRUSS MEMBERS IS MOVABLE INSTEAD OF FIXED, WHICH MAKES IT HARD TO KEEP IN A PARTICULAR FORM BY IT SELF WITHOUT ADDITIONAL MATERIAL’S SUPPORT. HOWEVER, THE MICRO SPACE BETWEEN MEMBERS OF TRUSS PROVIDES MEMBRANE A PARTICULAR CHARACTER TO BE FILLED, OR BE MERGED, WITH OTHER MATERIAL’S TO CHANGE MEMBRANE’S PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE. (AS THE TRIANGULAR THIN WOOD LAMINATES APPLIED IN VOUSSOIR CLOUD PROJECT TO SUPPORT THE SUGGESTED MEMBRANE)
CRITERIA DESIGN
THE PURPOSE OF USING HANGING CHAIN? MATERIALâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S REINFORCING BY FORM? GRAVITY & UN-GRAVITY? THE HIGHER THE FORM IS, THE BETTER THE HANGING CHAIN MODEL WORKS. IN THE TEST WITH KANGAROO UNDER GRASSHOPPER CONTEXT, THE TEST OF STRUCTURE FOUND A MOST STEADY FORM WHICH CAN SUPPORT IT SELF UNDER 9 TIMES OF GRAVITY. IT MEANS IT WOULD ALSO BE FINE UNDER 1 TIME GRAVITY, WHCIH IS ON EARTH, WITH A CHARACTER OF HOLDING 9 TIMES WEIGHT. IN THIS TEST, THE MATERIAL STRENGTH USED IS ZERO WHICH IS TRYING TO BE CLOSE TO REAL CONSTRUCTUION PRACTICE. HOWEVER, THIS PRACTICE IS IDEAL WITHIN A CONTEXT OF HAVING NO HORIZONTAL FORCES (WIND, EARTH MOVEMENT...). THE PROJECT OF VOUSSOIR CLOUD AVOIDED THIS PROBLEM BY SELLECTING BUILDING SITE AS AN INDOOR CONTEXT.
CRITERIA DESIGN
LIGNIN - FROM MOLECULAR STRUCTURE TO CELL STRUCTURE
figure.8
figure.10 figure.13
figure.12
figure.9
figure.11
IN TERMS OF WOOD, HARD WOOD AND SOFT WOOD SHOW DIFFERENT MATERIAL PERFORMANCE IN BENDING TEST (OR, DIFFERENT BENDING STRENGTH IN COMPUTATION). THEY SHARE THE SAME MOLECULAR STRUCTURE BUT HAVE DIFFERENT CELL STRUCTURE. WHICH MIGHT BE THE REASON WHY THEY HAVE DIFFERENT MATERIAL PERFORMANCE.
CRITERIA DESIGN
MATERIAL PERFORMANCE ON CHANGING MICRO STRUCTURE? TEST 1 PARTICLE APPROACH TEST 2 MOLECULE APPROACH
CRITERIA DESIGN
IF THE STRUCTURE DIFFERENCE ON MICRO LEVEL CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE OF MACRO MATERIAL PERFORMANCE, IS IT SUGGESTING THAT ONE MATERIAL CAN GAIN A CHARACTER OF ANOTHER BY APPLYING AUXILIARY MATERIAL ON? IS IT POSSIABLE TO CREATE ARTIFICAL MICRO STRUCTURE TO IMPROVE THE INTEGRATION OF TWO OR MORE MATERIAL? (A BETTER POWDER 3D PRINT TECH?)
RESEARCH FIELD X
MATERIAL PERFORMANCE
X
SYSTEMATICNESS
B4/5
CRITERIA DESIGN
CRITERIA DESIGN
A GENERATED QUADTREE IN A “<8” FORCE FIELD
LV6
A GE
FROM THE MOST SIMPLE STRUCTURE, EMBEDDED PHYSICAL RULES? DATA STRUCUTRE TO PHYSICAL STRUCTURE?
T ED C N ER A
BREAKING VOUSSOIR DOWN TO BRANCHES
ST AGE RUC T
I ORDER TO GAIN A REASONIABLE FORM FOR TEST I HAVE TO GO BACK TO THE TREE STRUCTURE FOR IT IS THE ONLY STRUCTURE I FOUND THAT IS ABLE TO BE EXPLORED INTO A SYSTEM SPACE STRUCTURE, OR FORCE DRIVE STIGMERGY SYSTEM, UNDER BOTH THE FORCE OF GRAVITY AND THE FORCE OF UNIFORM FORCE FIELD.
UR E O
CRITERIA DESIGN
E DTRE ”QUA N “<8
QUADTREE WAS THE 1ST CHOICE OF MINE TO FULLY COVER A SPACE WITHIN DIVIDED AREAS BY SET AXIS DIRECTIONS. BY APPLYING SINGLE DIRECTION FORCE SIMULATION, THE BRANCHES OF THE TREE CHANGE UNTIL STAY AT A PARTICULAR STEADY POSITION WHICH IS THE STATUS I NEED.
REBUILDING MEMBRANE INTO A STRUCTURE SYSTEM
LV5
LV4
LV3
LV2
TIMELINE STAGE NO.1
S
CRITERIA DESIGN
FROM ONE ATTRACTOR TO MULTIPLY STIGMERY ATTRACTORS
INSTEAD OF USING CONTROL POINTS AS ATTRACTORS, A CONNECTED ATTR SYSTEM IS USED TO AVOID OVER - CONCENTRATION OF FORCE, OR FLOW. TO CONTROL THE WHOLE SYSTEM, GENERATED ATTRACTORS WAS LINKED TO T ROOT COMMAND TO MAKE ACCURATE ATTRACTORS BY AVOIDING SYSTEM DISINTEGRATION OF FORCE FLOW CAUSED BY DATAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S MISMATCHES.
DEVEL APPLIE AND V
CRITERIA DESIGN
RACTORSâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; O THE
TIMELINE
LOPED FROM QUARDTREE BASE STRUCUTRE, SIMPLIFYING THE RULE ED IN VOUSSOIR CLOUD AND TRANSFORMING THE MESH STRUCTURE VOUSSOIR STRUCTURE OF IT INTO AN ENTIRE FORM SYSTEM
STAGE NO.2
CRITERIA DESIGN
CRITERIA DESIGN
PROTOTYPE LV3.0 [STRUCTRAL PARCEL] + [ADDITIONAL MATERIAL CONTAINING CAPSULES] (ONE POSSIBILITY UNDER DEFAULT “<8” FORCE FIELD, FORM CAN BE VARIABLE UNDER THE SAME ALGORITHMIC RULE BY CHANGING “<8” TO OTHER FORCE FIELDS). NO JOINTS WERE ADDED BETWEEN STRUCTURAL PARCEL AND ADDTIONAL MATERIAL CONTAINING CAPSULES, WHICH GIVES THE ENTIRE SYSTEM MORE FLEXIBILITY TO CONTAIN INTERNAL ADDTIONAL MATERIALS/ INTERIOR SPACES AND TO MAKE INTERACTIONS WITH EXTERNAL CONTEXT/ EXTERNAL SPACE.
TIMELINE STAGE NO.3
CRITERIA DESIGN
STRUCTURAL FORM OF SWELL & FILL WITHIN NO TRAMMELS OF FORCE FIELD (RED ARROWS ARE THE ONES THAT WERE USED IN A GRAVITY FORECE - 9.6 FIELD)
PROTOTYPE LV2.0
FORCE ACTING POINTS PRIMARY TRUSS STRUCUTRE JOINT-REDUCED STRUCTURE
CRITERIA DESIGN
SIMPLIFYING, REDUCING STRUCTURAL COMPLEXITY, FROM LV3 TO LV2
A GRAIN OF 3D PRINTING POWDER TO MAKE NEW MATERIALS WITH DIFFERENT PERFORMANCE BY ADDING VARIABLE ADDITION MATERIALS (DIFFERENT GLUE. ETC.)? --------> FILLED WITH MATERIAL A PROTOTYPE OF A STEADY PAVILION? --------> FILLED WITH MEMBRANE A PROTOTYPE OF AN URBAN PLANING PROJECT/A LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE? --------> CONNECTING ALONG WITH ITS STRUCTURE FLOW GENERATED FROM FORM FINDING PROCESS UNDER FORCE FIELD
TIMELINE
POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS:
STAGE NO.4
CRITERIA DESIGN