AIR
AIYANG JIANG 877726
Semester 1,2018 Tutor Alessandro Liuti
C
DETAILED DESIGN
CONTEXT C.1.
C.2.
C.3.
C.4.
DESIGN CONCEPT INTERIM FEEDBACK DESIGN PRECEDENT FROM-FINDING MATRIX FORM-FINDING PROCESS EVOLUTION OF DESIGN TECTONIC ELEMENTS & PROTOTYPES ORIGINAL DESIGN REDEFINING DESIGN CONCEPT JOINTS PRECEDENTS SELF-DESIGNED CONNECTOR FINAL CONNECTOR WHITE BOARD PROTOTYPES FROM WHITE BOARD TO MILD STEEL
REDEFINING THE DESIGN CONECEPT AFTER PROTOTYPES.
FINAL DETAIL MODEL FINAL PROTOTYPE SITE MODEL CONCEPTUAL MODEL DESIGN PROPOSAL : PLAN & SECTION & ELEVATION DESIGN PROPOSAL: RENDER ENVISAGED CONSTRUCTION PORCESS TAKING IT FURTHER LEARNING OBJECTS AND OUTCOMES CRITICAL DESIGN REVIEW LEARNING OBJECTS AND OUTCOMES
C.1.
DESIGN CONCEPT
LOGIC OF C.1.
INTERIM FEEDBACK
FORM FINDING MATRIX
DESIGN PRECEDENT
FORM FINDING PROCESS
EVOLUTION OF DESIGN
C.1. INTERIM FEEDBACK FUNCTION
STRUCTURE
COMPOSITION
MATERIAL POLYPROPLYENE
DESIGN STATEMENT
RENDERING
PROTOTYPE
POLYCARBONATE
Separate and optimize the functions and levels of 3 pavilions, such as sitting area, studying areas, music concert or performance stage (for the audience to sit here, and the performer there) or just for a chill. No acoustic if this function doesn't fit the design itself.
The structures are similar of all 3 pavilions (two high points and two low points, four anchor points each), so try to understand the precedent of Frei Otto how the way cables and the rings to deal with the number of masts to have more pleasant.
Consider the possibilities to attach the tensile structures of existing buildings to reduce the number of masts. Much to improve present composition, such as ranging the masks.
Materials need to be cheaper, more flexible and strong but not rigid.
Think more about the design statement: What make your particular systems different to just chunky a shape up there？What is this is gonna to made to attract the space to achieve the aims up to do sort of design statement？Why you use this irregular panelization rather than conventional structures (core of the subjects)？
Rendering can’t get the complexity of what we are actually proposing and don’t really affect the situations of the site.
Understand even the cable tie works in the conceptual model as connector it doesn’t fit the right system or anywhere else, so try not to copy the cable tie system in 1:1 prototype, think more about what is gonna to happen.
C.1. DESIGN PRECEDENT Project: Experimental Festival Pavlion Architect: Alessandro Liuti Date: 2017 Location: the Rainbow Serpent Festival in Melbourne
The cable-net structures often feature a structural cable net in tension carrying a secondary nonstructural layer of cladding panels which means that cladding is commonly developed subordinately to the form-found surface. However, this project is an experiment to challenge the conventional tensile structure environment in collaborative system, breaking a conventional regular cable grid into a freeform shape, in which metal sheets are interconnected and tensioned by short steel cables into a system of doubly-curved minimal-surface sails.1 The design of this festival architecture was to defy the conventional box-like stage architecture, but still providing shading and atmosphere for crowds to experience the “festival experience”. The Rainbow Serpent Festival 2017 in Melbourne provided fertile testing grounds for innovative experiment to break the conventional routines, as well as combine the interdisciplinary design skills and also connect with geometry generation.
1.Alessandro Liuti, 'Innovation in festival architecture from design to construction', IASS Annual Symposium 2017“Interfaces architecture.engineering.science” 25 - 28th September, 2017, Hamburg, Germany
Annette Bögle, Manfred Grohmann (04 October 2017) < https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320196954> [6 June 2018
INSPIRATION FROM PRECEDENT:
MATERIAL
Good performances under tension Lightweight to float over the satge Robust, reversible structural system Good visual effect
PATTERNING
Irregular tessellation / discretisation systems Mesh primitives with half-edge data structure Patterning which cut down the weight of steel panel is beneficial to a sense of lightness and aesthetic as well as an actual weight
PROTOTYPE
PANEL-PANEL CONNECTION / JOINTS
s:
8]
FORCE ANALYSIS
MANUFACTURE
All piectures retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320196954
The small scale MDF model with cable ties simplified tectonic system allowed testing labelling and constructability
Doubly-looped Swaged 3mm steel ropes M8 nuts, bolts and washers Primarily tension could be transmitted from panel to panel Rotation or compression would have been dissipated at the joints. Simplify the joint system towards robust and reversible construction strategies Analyse force in Karamba The steel plates were modelled following a TRIC-element approach; however, contrarily to the conventional TRIC approach, shell elements in Karamba are based on the Kirchhoff theory. In this way, stresses are defined by using the mid-surface of a thin plate
Unfolding the preassembled strips Bolt together the joint connections Join the outer panels to Stainless Steel wire rope Rigging the sail, anchor it to the and tighten
C.1. FORM FINDING MATRIX - MESH RELAXATION VARIABLES Length 1.75 Pull Strength 0.6 Curvature Adativity 0.2
Length 1.65 Pull Strength 0.5 Curvature Adativity 0.2
Length 1.50 Pull Strength 0.4 Curvature Adativity 0.2
Length 1.45 Pull Strength 0.3 Curvature Adativity 0.2
Successful Iteration in Perspective View
SELECTION CRETERIA:
NUMBER OF PANELS
Less panels will save the time and cost in real fabrication and construction.
MESHMACHINE PROPERTIES
No gap on the mesh The parameters of length, pull strength and curvature adativity reach a balance point to show better panel performances.
AESTHETIC THEME
Looks more appealling and cleaner
ADAPTABILITY ON SITE
Whether it fits our site or not? Whether this shape can reach the anchor points on existing buildings?
C.1.FORM FINDING PROCESS / GRASSHOPPER FLOWCHART
1.BASE MESH
2. MESH RELAXATION
5.DETAILING
3.DUAL GRAPH
4.PANARISATION
C.1.EVOLUTION OF DESIGN / PATTERNING ITERATIONS DEVELOPMENT OF FORMS
FOUR ANCHOR POINTS Interim form: 4 anchor points supported by masts (2 high points, 2 low points)
SINGLE RIDGE BEAM SUPPORT With the help of one ridge beam , a more curved and elegant shape of mesh is created. The tension is provided by the ridge beam. The lowest edge of ridge beam is attached the ground to create the level sense of the pavilion.
Wit Two inte
DEVELOPMENT OF PATTERNINGS
PATTERNING 1
PATTERNING 2
PATTER
Regular perforated patterns
Graduate change of patterns attracted by red lines
Magnet
TWO MORE ANCHOR POINTS
DOUBLE RIDGE BEAMS SUPPORT
th the help of two ridge beams, more complicated form is created. o edges attach the ground, thus people under the pavilion will more eresting about the sapces.
RNING 3
tic Fields
Ridge beams are replaced by the anchor points because the considerations of time, cost and the priginal thinkingf of lightweight structure and minimal surface.
FINAL FORM AND PATTERNING
C.2.
TECTONIC ELEMENTS & PROTOTYPES
LOGIC OF C.2.
ORIGINAL DESIGN P PART 1 DESIGN CONCEPT REDEFINING DESIGN CONCEPT
PRECEDENTS
PART 2 JOINTS
SELF-DESIGNED CONNECTOR
FINAL CONNECTOR
WHITE BOARD
PART 3 MATERIALS
FROM WHITE BOARD TO MILD STEEL
Why I put the design concept here is that after we made the prototypes and found so many problems we decided to redefine the design and change to another direction.
C.2. ORIGINAL DESIGN CONCEPT
PROTOTYPE
AK E BR !!! F OF Why we decided to change the patterning we designed before is because after we produced the prototype, we found that the straight corner of panel and the patterning is so dangerous in tension, the tension is like a knife cutting the corner sharp.
RIDGE BEAM SENDING TO 3D PRINTING
The 3D printing size in the nextlab is limited, thus we consulted staff of nextlab. We cutted the beam into 2 parts at the lowest point which is under most force. Also, we designed the interface of the joints as a plug-in unit with more contact areas to give more support of it.
PATTERNING
Our original pattern is trying to show a gradual change by 2 attarctive lines. Also, the pattern is offset from the edge of each panel. We want to cut down the weight of steel panel as much as possible which may be beneficial to both a sense of lightness and an actual weight
C.2. REDEFINGING DESIGN CONCEPT DESIGN CONCEPT
Firstly, the reason we used ridge beams is that we want the function of the pavilion is for concert just as Frei Otto's music pavilion, it would be a permanent architecture.Hence, we tried to enclose part of the pavilion so that the sound would not sprad out so fast, so two ridge beams would touch the ground. Thus, with the help of two ridge beams, an elegant form is created.
POLYGON
However, the topic and the very first concept of our design is lightweight structure. We still want to save the material, time and cost in our design. In real fabrication, the ridge beams would be very difficult and expensive to produce. Also, the form with the ridge beam is not a minimal surface we want.
ORIGINAL
The original de combination o and the hexag inconsistent.
In order to the continueous se to use more re only.
At last, we redefined our design concept. We used two more anchor points to replace two ridge beams, altough the new form is not that complicated or interesting. The sense of up and down is still remaining by added anchor points, but we didn't set the anchor points on the ground, we want to make it like a floating pavilion, which may be more beneficial to a sense of lightness and aesthetic. Without the ridge beam, we considered and finally decide it as a congratulary temporary pavilion for the celebration of New Student Precinct. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s easy installation and detachable.
NEW PA
N
L PANELS
PATTERNING AND CHAMFER
FORCE DIRECTION AT STRAIGHT CORNER
ORIGINAL PANEL FORCE DIRECTION
Both the corners of inner and boundary outer boundary are too sharp, thus the panel becomes weaker than before.
We chamfered the angles of panels in order to reduce the possibilities of breaking off.
esign is of quadrangles gons, but it's
e provide the ense we changed egular hexagons
ANELS
FORCE DIRECTION AT ROUND CORNER NEW PANEL FORCE DIRECTION AXIAL FORCE MINOR FORCE
The new patterning concept is designed based on force direction. We want to follow th way how the force goes on panel, which is "Form follows Funciton". The holes are offset from centre. However, we pay special attention to avoid perforating on the force lines when we designed the patterning.
C.2. JOINTS - PRECEDENTS
CONNECTOR FROM PRECENDENT
Fig.1. Connector @ Alessandro Liuti
OPTIONS UNDER CONSIDERATION
CAMPER SHOES CONNECTOR
Fig.3.
Camper Shoes Lace
NITELZE CAMJAM ROPE CORD TIGHTENER
Fig.1. Connector @ Alessandro Liuti retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net publication/320196954 Fig.2. Connector @ Alessandro Liuti retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net publication/320196954 Fig.3. Camper Shoes Lace @pinterest retrieved from https://www.pinterest.com.au/ pin/60587557464220898/?lp=true
Connecto David&Xi
ADVANTAGES 1.Easy-to-get component: doublylooped and swaged 3mm steel ropes, M8 nuts, bolts and washers. 2.Low-tech solution: primarily tension could be transmitted from panel to panel, while rotation or compression would have been dissipated at the joints.
DISADVANTAGES 1.We want to make some creativities of joints from the precendent. Maybe designing a brand-new connector only suitable for our joints. 2.Not adjustable and flexible enough 3.Still use a bit lot of materials
Fig.2. Connector @ Alessandro Liuti
1.This connector is flexible especially when you can adjust the length with only one end.
1.Too complicated and the cable will occupy more spaces of the panel edge 2. More weight
2.The force is dispersed by more stressed area so that there is less possibilities of fracture.
3. More cost of components 4. More fabrication time
or from inying's group
1.Easy to adjust and release tension by rotating the cam lock lever
1. Force of friction is not enough to lock the 2mm steel cable.
2.Allows you to tighten, tension, connect and secure heavy loads by simply pulling your rope or cord through the cam mechanism
2. The nylon material of tightener can't afford the big tension of our pavilion. The nylon gear is weared when testing.
3.knot-free CamJam tightening and tensioning technology
C.2. JOINTS - SELF-DESIGNED CONNECTOR PRINCIPLE OF WORK: A cord lock works with a cord clear. The cord lock will automatically lock onto the draw cords to hold in place. Pull slightly on the draw cord to unlock the cords. Fig.1. Cord Lock Principles @Fabric Farms
Place Cord Lock on same side as draw cords, to the outside of the screw eye. Thread the cords through the cord lock over the white roller and to the inside of the brass roller.
CONNECTOR DESIGN BRIEF: 1.Solve the problem when we tested the rope cord tightener: Force of friction is not enough. 2. The cord can be locked or unlocked to adjust the connector. 3.The connector is in tension. Fig.2. Cord Lock Principles @Fabric Farms
PRECNDENT 1: CORD LOCK FOR ROMAN SHADES
PRECEDENT 2: ROPE CORD TIGHTENER
4.The rope of connector can be adjusted by only one end while the other end is fixed.
PRECEDENT 3: CAMPER SHOE LACE
SECTION
FORCE DIRECTION:
The rope is locked by the gears which help to change the direction of tension force.
ROTATION HANDLE:
The gear is linked with the handle, which means rotating the handle can control the gear and the rope. Fig.1. CORD LOCK FOR ROMAN SHADES @ Fabric Farms retrieved from https://www.fabricfarms.com/WR58.html Fig.2. CORD LOCK FOR ROMAN SHADES @ Fabric Farms retrieved from https://www.fabricfarms.com/WR58.html Fig.3. Fig.3. Camper Shoes Lace @pinterest retrieved from https://www.pinterest.com.au/pin/60587557464220898/?lp=true
PLAN
FIXED END:
One end is fixed thus we can adjust the length of rope by only changing the otehr end.
C.2. JOINTS - FINAL CONNECTOR
CONNECTOR DESIGN BRIEF:
Precedent 1: Steel wire wall, swage and connector of MSD building interior space
After the discussion and consultation from our tutor, we refined and redefined our connector concept: 1. LESS IS MORE 2. The components of the joint are easy to get and economical. 3. Lightweight 4.Better using caribiner 5.Connector can be reversed
Precedent 2: Nitelze camjam rope cord tightener
COMPONENTS OF CONNECTOR:
2mm Marine Grade Stainless Steel Wire Rope
Slide Lock S-Biner
2mm Stainless Steel Swage
All 3 pictures above retrieved from: http://www.bunnings.com.au
Using Swaging Tool with Wire Cutter to fix the swage and the steel wire rope.
A shrink-ring is created.
S-caribiner can be opened or locked, thus the final connector can be adjusted in a certain extent, but the length is decided and can't be changed.
Nesting the node into the S-caribiner. S-caribiner is better than normal caribiner because it's open two sides.
Thread the first end of connector then made the second end.
C.2. MATERIALS - WHITE BOARD
C.2. MATERIALS -FROM WHITE BOARD TO MILD STEE PROBLEM 1
PROBLEM 2
The white board is too soft thus we failed to get the rigidity between the steel wire cable and panel, also failed to show the influence of joints design on panels.
The gap between the p
The material is harder than white board. The joints will rub apparently with the mild steel panel, which is the rigidity influence on panel.
Reduce the width betw
EL
panels are too large.
PROBLEM 3
The pattern makes the panel weaker bacause the pattern guides the force to break the panel.
ween the panels. We avoided the pattern to be set on the force lines, thus the pattern doesn't make the panel weaker than before.
C.3.
FINAL DETAIL MODEL
LOGIC OF C.3.
FINAL PROTOTYPE
FABRICATION
SITE MODEL
CONCEPTUAL MODEL
PLAN & SECTION & ELEVATION
PROPOSAL
RENDER
DESIGN PROPOSAL
ENVISAGED CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
TAKING IT FURTHER
C.3. FABRICATION - FINAL PROTOTYPE FABRICATION - PANEL TO PANEL CONNECTION
1. Metal Perforation
2. Laser Cut the Panels
FINAL PROTOTYPE
3. Use Rust Rem the surface of
N
mover to clean panel
4. Use cable to connect panels
5. Use Wire Cutter to press the swage and the steel cable
6. Use S-caribiner to lock the connector
C.3. FABRICATION - FINAL PROTOTYPE - PANEL TO GROUND CONNECTION
2mm Stainless Steel Swage & Eye
2mm Steel Wire Cable
Slide Lock S-Biner
Eye & Eye Turnbuckle
Caribiner
Eye Bolt Welded
C.3. FABRICATION - FINAL PROTOTYPE
IMITATION OF THE CONDITION OF
F PANEL TO GROND CONNCECTION
C.3. FABRICATION - SITE MODEL
1. The First layer of the base
10. Last and most diffcult building to install is the heritage building, the round facade took a long time to be bended for a long time to be glued.
2. Assemble 5 layers together
9. After we glued inside, we used paper tape to adjust some positions outside.
3. One layer is too so we decided to g same area togethe the joints area.
8. We used doub to fix the positio PVC glue at main of each two boar glue at the thin e more stable.
o thin to be glued, glue pieces of er first then glue
4. We added the base after we glued the first 5 layers because we foound that the joints still so weak without a base.
5. In order to save cost and materials, the base is hollow so that we used foam board to fill and support inside.
ble-face tape on temporarily, n contact areas rds and UHU edge to make it
7. When we made buildings we still used foam to fill and support inside.
6. Bottom part is finished.
C.3. FABRICATION - SITE MODEL
C.3. FABRICATION - CONCEPTUAL MODEL
1. Get the laser cut board
10. All the materials we used and finally connect all the panels.
2. Use eraser to clean the surface
3. Cut away th
9. Cut off the excess thread
8. Tie the knot times each con
he needless board
ts for two or three nnector
7. Me (Right) and Charley (Left) used two different ways to keep the order of the panels and connect them by paper tape.
6. Use the needle through the hole of connector
7. Thread another connector hole
6. Pull the line
ANCHOR POINTS PROVIDING UPWARD FORCE
ANCHOR POINTS PROVIDING FORCE DOWN BOUNDARY LINES
C.3. FABRICATION - MAST DESIGN AND MASTS IN CO
PRECEDENT FOUND IN MSD
MAST DESIGN CONCEPTS
ONCEPTUAL MODEL MASTS IN CONCEPTUAL MODEL
SHARING TWO MASTS WITH TRITON&WILSON'S GROUP
ANOTHER EXISITING ANCHOR POINTS
ON THE SIDNEY MYER BUILDING
The mast is in an angle after designing. SHARING TWO MASTS
ON THE HERITAGE BUILDING
SHARING ONE MAST WITH DAVID&XINYING'S GROUP
ON THE STAIRS
SHADOW DESIGN AND EFFECT
SHADOW DESIGN AND EFFECT
C.3. PROPOSAL - PLAN & SECTION & ELEVATION
ELEVATION
SECTION
PLAN
C.3. PROPOSAL - RENDERING
C.3. PROPOSAL - ENVISAGED CONSTRUCTION PROC
CONTACT METAL SUPPLIER
METAL LASER CUT
We contacted supplier by ourselves because of the time. in real construction we might still need to do this because fablab doesn't have such inventory.
On eas con the
DELIVERY SUPPLIER FABLAB For our prototype we spent 107aud to deliver one mild steel sheet.
CONNECTOR MANUFACTURE We enquired the staff in the fablab, Mitch who is the most familiar one told us he can do 800-1000 connectors of us in one day, thus for our pavilion, 1 hour is enough to press-on swages and steel wire.
CESS ENVISAGED ON-SITE CONSTRUCTION preassemble strips
bolt the joint connections
OFF - SITE CONSTRUCTION
n-site construction will be sed by preassembling all the nnections and erecting half of e structure off-site.
joining the outer panels to the Stainless Steel wire rope
DELIVERY FABLAB - SITE
rig the sail then anchor it to the predetermined points
tighten the turnbuckles through chain hoists and pulleys
ON- SITE CONSTRUCTION For the precedent from our tutor, the construction of that festival pavilion was carried out by 8 people , 4 were untrained workers who had never worked with cable-net structures before, and 1 was a professional rigger specialised in steel rope constructions. Hence, about the construction we don't have to hire the experienced workers, labelling system, connectivity map and prefabrication will allow the workers to assembly easily.
C.3. PROPOSAL - TAKING IT FURTHER
C.3. PROPOSAL - TAKING IT FURTHER
MIRROR CANOPY
PRECENT: Teresita Fernandez's Mirrored Canopy
Fig.1.
ONE-TIME ARCHITECTURE
The original concept is that the pavilion we designed is to celebrate the New Student Prencint, thus it's a one-time festival
Fig.2.
architecture.
@ Melbourne University
NIGHT MARKET IN ME
Fig.1. Mirror Canopy @pinterest.Retrieved from https://www.pinterest Fig.2. Night Market @ Melbourne University. Retrieved from https://tw status/852458592233963520
MIRROR EFFECT:
FABRICATION:
Mirror canopy will refelct more activities of ground, especially landscape. But only inner surfaces will be made to mirror because outer surfaces will reflect
Using mirror effect spray paint and steel primer to make inner surfaces of panels.
the sunlight to surrounding buildings.
ELBOURE UNIVERSITY
t.com.au/pin/572168327636424457/ witter.com/unimelb/
REUSEABLE ARCHITECTURE
We find that there are other festivals such as night market on 12.04 this year, so the pavilion we designed can better be reuseable, easy-toinstall and detachable to fit more needs in our university.
C.4. LEARNING OUTCOMES AND OBJECTIVES
CRITI DESI REVI
BEGINNING OF PART C
C.2. AF PROTO
REDESIGN THE HEIGHT OF PAVILION (LOWEST HEIGHT FROM 5M TO 3M) MAST AND ANCHOR POINTS COMPOSITION NEED
MINIMAL SURFACE AND LIGHTWEIGHT STRUCTURE
LESS TIME AND COST
TO BE IMPROVED FUNCTION AND LEVELS HAVE TO BE SEPERATED.
FROM PANARISATION TO PATTERNING DETAIL.
RIGIDITY OF PANEL AND CONNCTOR (RUB APPARENTLY)
ICAL IGN IEW
FTER OTYPE PATTERNING FITS IN MECHANICS PRINCIPLE
POLYGON AND CHAMFER CORNERS
AFTER FINAL PRESENTATION
MATERIALS ARE TOO HEAVY
LACK SUPPORTS IN THE MIDDLE
LACK OF SENSE OF SCALE / PANEL
OF PAVILION
SIZE TOO LARGE
DESIGN IS REALLY LARGE SPAN
C.4. LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOMES OBEJECT 1: “INTERROGATING A BRIEF” We had a clear idea of our design brief after interim presentaion, but me and Charley lost the brief "Lightweight Structure" and "Minimal Surface" when we designed the ridge beams for our design concept at the very firt step. But I have to say the mistakes we made helped us to further develop our concept - the mistakes are valuable. When we made the diagrams during the part.C. we found that this method help us to review the steps of our design process, which pushed me to consider deeper than before.
OBEJECT 2: “DEVELOPING AN ABILITY TO GENERATE A VARIEATY OF DESIGN POSSIBILITIES FOR A GIVEN SITUATION” Meshmachine, which is the previous techinique we used in the Part B, was the main variable to generate iterations in our Part.C. However we redeveloped the Grasshopper definition