AIYUE WANG
The Influence of Hospitality Lighting Design on Human Activities and Psychology
INDS 7 4 9 | SPRING 2021 M A FINAL PRESENTATION PROFESSORJOHNGAUL
ABOUT ME AIUE WANG MA in Interior Design MA in Creative Business Leadership Personal Mission Statement I am willing to work hard for the cause I love, stick to it, and never give up. Dream it, act on it. Personal Vision Statement I hope that one day I can achieve financial independence, spiritual independence, and intellectual independence. I hope that I will not be troubled and defeated by anything one day. Learn in the ocean of freedom and knowledge, and work hard to realize the value of life.
DEDICATION
I dedicate this thesis to every young student, including myself, who has pursued his/her own dream while studying abroad. No matter where you are now, no matter how difficult things may become, hang in there and stick with it and you will eventually see the light.
ABSTRACT This paper aims to discuss hotel lighting design and the psychological needs of customers. The paper starts by indicating the various types of lighting characteristics that can be utilized in Interior Design. These include directional lighting, color management, LED light sources, the artistic value of light-and-shadow and atmosphere creation. Lighting design is regarded as an inseparable part of the design of hotel spaces, combining lighting design principles, artificial light, environmental lighting forms, lighting design characteristics, spatial expression research and analysis and in-depth exploration of the lighting layout of various functional areas in the hotel intending to use lighting as a means to create warm, comfortable and attractive spaces. Keywords: hospitality, lighting, psychology
INTRODUCTION My area of interest focuses on lighting design, specifically the influence of lighting on human activities and psychology within hospitality designed spaces. Lighting has been part of the human experience since the dawn of humanity. Light is an indispensable and important element of human life, and it meets the needs of human vision, health, and safety. According to different light sources, lighting can be attributed to either natural or artificial light. The different impact of each of these on the design of interior environments must be addressed separately. Both of these forms of lighting serve to illuminate the hotel environment, using various methods of controlling the lighting to create a wide range of visual and emotional perceptions of the spaces.
PROBLEM STATEMENT By using hospitality lighting to influence a guest on an emotional level, hotels and restaurants can establish a particular atmosphere. (Devenish, B., 2021). Lighting can challenge the creation of a guestroom lighting design that serves to advance the guest’s self-awareness and actualization.
PROBLEM STATEMENT Lighting design can serve to
meet people's spiritual and
psychological needs a n d p l a y a n i r r e p l a c e a b l e r o l e i n t h e mood and atmosphere of the entire space .
RESEARCH QUESTIONS Primary Question: What is the connection between hotel lighting and human activities and psychology? Sub-Questions: •
Why is lighting design an important element in interior design?
•
How can hospitality lighting design enhance the atmosphere of an interior?
•
When you stay in a hotel, what is your first impression?
•
Which area of the hotel created an initial impression for you?
•
Have you noticed that lighting in a hotel can be used to create different perceptions in the same space to provide the customers with completely different experiences?
NATURAL LIGHT SOURCE There are two main types of light sources in the indoor light environment: natural light and artificial light. As one of the most representative factors in light design, natural light is highly valued. Natural lighting, also known as daylighting, is a technique that efficiently brings natural light into your home using exterior glazing (windows, skylights, etc.), thereby reducing artificial lighting requirements and saving energy. Natural lighting has been proven to increase health and comfort levels for building occupants. (Natural Lighting, 2021).
ARTIFICIAL LIGHT SOURCE Artificial light source is the most important light source at night. Especially in locations where natural light cannot be irradiated, artificial light becomes even more important. In the context of the development of the current era of social progress, human beings are not only pursuing simple lighting, but also paying more attention to the function of light and the role of decoration, creating an artificially bright interior environment to meet people's needs. Artificial light has the capacity to create a number of different ambiences in the same space making it a sort of “space shaper”, adapting the atmosphere according to the consumers’ needs. The use of warm lighting can produce cozy and calm atmospheres, whereas cold light stimulates mental and physical activity. (COMPAC, 2018).
LIGHT AND SHADOW AESTHETICS Light has diversity, and the design of hotel space lighting is multi-layered and extensive. Under the premise of ensuring sufficient lighting, light can improve and enhance space, and can also distinguish space, adjust volume, highlight, or improve color brightness and color equality. Its main purpose is to create a space atmosphere and realize a unique design concept through the means of light. The use of light and shadow to complete the space design with artistic conception to meet the spiritual world and psychological needs is a form of expression to convey emotions. Consumer’s understanding of light and shadow should not only remain on the surface but a deeper level of psychological reflection and emotional belonging. It is a design concept, and the design of light and shadow is more meaningful than their functions.
PRINCIPLES AND OBJECTIVES OF HOTEL LIGHTING DESIGN Functional Principle 1. Highest standards o f
engineering and finish a t t h e r i g h t blend o f price and quality. (Sk ansi,R.20 1 8 ).
3.
Economic Principle
2. Aesthetic Principles
Adding ambient l i g h t i n g and creating atmosphere in w h a t has become an increasingly m u l t i f u n c t i o n a l space. (Sk ansi,R.2018).
Provide suitable brightness Combining with the requirements of hotel decoration design Choosing suitable lamps and light sources
LOBBY AREA When lighting the hotel lobby, we should consider the unity of the light environment of each functional area, and make the lobby space a more humane, connected space atmosphere with changes in brightness and darkness through the rational use of light and brightness. The lobby is the area for waiting and communications of the customers, and it will give the customers the first impression inside the hotel. The lighting should be consistent with the hotel. (Skansi, R., 2018, p51).
RESTAURANT Atmosphere is created by sensitive nuanced light; zoning with light creates cozy areas within the restaurant. (Skansi, R., 2018, p88). Western restaurant regions are usually informal, which is mainly decorative lighting. Its lighting method is relatively happy and comfortable. The Western Restaurant is not so high on the human face expression movement, so the illuminance value is much lower than the Chinese restaurant.
GUESTROOMS The humanization, functionalization, and design of guest room facilities determine to a large extent the degree of satisfaction of guests with the hotel. Therefore, guest rooms play a very important role in the hotel. Different guest rooms and hotels have different styles because of their different positioning. But no matter what style of the hotel it is, the purpose is to create a relaxed and warm atmosphere like home, to ensure that every guest can enjoy a quiet and comfortable feeling during their stay.
GUIDELINES 1.
The Use of Warm Light Sources
2.
Appropriate Color Temperature and Illuminance
3.
Reasonable Form of Illumination
4.
Emphasize the Color Rndering of the Light Source
5.
Avoid the Effects of Glare
1.
THE USE OF WARM LIGHT SOURCES Hotel light dimming is suitable for warm-color light sources with a color temperature of 3000k. No matter what type of hotel it is, what customers have always pursued is a warm and comfortable light environment design that is perfectly integrated with the space. The use of a 3000k color temperature light source in the hotel space can enhance this effect.
Appropriate Color Temperature and Illuminance The best hospitality and dining lighting create a home away from home—making a guest feel warmth and comfort by creating an environment that either promotes feelings of relaxation or sets the mood for romance. Ideally, the guest glides effortlessly through the space, unaware of the thought and planning that went into the lighting design and layout. (Alcon Lighting, 2020).
2.
3.
REASONABLE FORM OF ILLUMINATION The direct lighting method in modern hotels has been widely used because it can effectively avoid uncomfortable glare to human eyes. The form of the artificial light environment in hotels is often non-single and full of changes. The diversity of its lighting forms expands the cultural heritage. In summary, choosing a reasonable lighting form will play a key role in lighting effects, dimming control, and energy-saving.
EMPHASIZE THE COLOR RNDERING OF THE LIGHT SOURCE In order to avoid the loss of luminous flux, appropriate light distribution should be selected. A variety of key characteristics must be considered when developing lighting plans, including lamp life, system efficiency, lumen maintenance, color rendering and appearance, daylight integration and control, light distribution, points of interest, cost, system control and flexibility. (Hosp, 2018, p5).
4.
5.
Avoid the Effects of Glare The hotel is a place for guests to rest. The presence of glare will seriously affect work efficiency and physical and mental health, which will adversely affect the satisfaction of the entire hotel. For example, in traditional spaces the decorative lighting consists mostly of ceiling-mounted chandeliers, pendants, and ceiling lights. Traditional chandeliers tend to glare, so a good lighting design often dims these lights and adds hidden ambient light, such as cove light, to compensate for their deficiencies. (EEP, 2018).
CONCLUSION Addressing t h e connection and influence o f t h e l i g h t i n g design on human act i vi t i es and psychology. The application of lighting design in the hotel space has a vital impact on improving the overall image of the hotel. Good lighting not only brings considerable economic income to the hotel but also promotes the progress of the entire industry. The overall interior lighting design must be combined with the actual situation of the hotel and consumer demand, comprehensively consider local and overall details.
THANK YOU Time flies, the two-year graduate career is coming to an end. The experience at the Savannah College of Design and Art seems to be still yesterday, and I am still reluctant to retreat in my mind. There is no permanent party in the world. At this moment, I am very grateful. Thank you for your presence and support and encourage me. I will keep in mind and cherish even more.
First of all, I would like to say thank you to my Interior Design Professor John Gaul. Thank you for your tireless criticism and correction, and for guiding my thesis carefully. Only under your guidance and enlightenment can my thinking be clear and correct. Then, I would like to say thank you to my classmates and friends during undergraduate and graduate school. Thank you for your help in my studies and your interest in life. I am very happy every minute and every second of being with you. I hope that we will move forward together and make progress together in the future. Lastly, I want to say thank you to my parents. Without your support, I would not have achieved what I am today. Thanks to my parents, you are my strong backing and the driving force for me to keep moving forward.
REFERENCES Alcon Lighting The main writer for Alcon Lighting’s blog. (2020, May 12). Hospitality Lighting: Best Practices for Safety & Comfort. Language of Light - The Intersection of Lighting, Efficiency and Architecture. https://www.alconlighting.com/blog/industrial-led-lighting/best-hospitalityapplication- lighting-practices/. All About Direct vs Indirect Lighting. Warehouse Lighting. (2020). https://www.warehouse-lighting.com/blogs/lightingresources-education/what-is- direct-indirect-lighting. Brown, C. (2020). First Impressions—Lasting Memories: “As I Remember.” Dialogue and Universalism, 30(2), 59–76. https://doi.org/10.5840/du202030218 data, I. H. M. (1970, January 1). PRINCIPLES OF LIGHTING DESIGN (3RD YEAR) A.O. http://ihmdata.blogspot.com/2012/02/principles-of-lighting-design3rd-year.html. Devenish, B. (2021, February 18). The effects of lighting design in the hospitality industry. https://www.hampshirelight.net/blog/the-effects-of-lighting design-in-the-hospitality-industry. EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal. (2018, July 2). Hospitality lighting design, Why it matters. EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal. https://electrical-engineering-portal.com/hospitality-lighting-design-why-it-matters. Eskildsen, J. (2008). Daylight & architecture: magazine by Velux. Velux. HOSPITALITY LIGHTING DESIGN GUIDE. (2018). https://www.contechlighting.com/en/docs/hosp2018.pdf. Light and Lighting in Hotel " BNG Hotel Management Kolkata. BNG Hotel Management Kolkata. (2019, September 20). https://www.bngkolkata.com/lighting-hotel-light/. LIGHT FOR HOTEL AND WELLNESS - Zumtobel. (n.d.). http://www.zumtobel.com/PDB/teaser/en/AWB_Hotel_Wellness.pdf. Siyuan Li and Jian Huang 2021 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1748 022030. Study on the Performance of Light and Shadow Effect in Computer Aided Interior Design.p2. Skansi, R. (2018). HOTEL LIGHTING Project Handbook. https://www.academia.edu/37325770/HOTEL_LIGHTING_Project_Handbook.
LIST OF IANGES Figure 1: Lighting changes in hotel lobby area, author’s own (2020) Brown, C. (2020). First Impressions—Lasting Memories: “As I Remember.” Dialogue and Universalism, 30(2), 59–76. https://doi.org/10.5840/du202030218 Figure 2. Nature Light. Brown, C. (2020). First Impressions—Lasting Memories: “As I Remember.” Dialogue and Universalism, 30(2), 59–76. https://doi.org/10.5840/du202030218 Figure 3. Illuminate a hotel lobby, Hotel lighting: complete guide to planning. Marchetti Illuminazione. (2021). https://marchettiilluminazione.com/hotel-lighting-complete-guide-planning/. Figure 4&5. The Kapok hotel, Search. " New Country Window" in the light and shadow of VF-Newsletter-VISUAL FEAST. (2021). Web https://www.vflighting.com/Newsletter/show/37.html. Figure 6. The Kapok hotel, Search. " New Country Window" in the light and shadow of VF-Newsletter-VISUAL FEAST. (2021). Web https://www.vflighting.com/Newsletter/show/37.html. Figure 7. Cott, A. (2016, August 2). 13 Bedrooms with an Abundance of Natural Light. Architectural Digest. https://www.architecturaldigest.com/gallery/bedrooms-with-an-abundance-of-natural-light. Figure 8. The 2019 World Design Rankings (WDR) by the A' Design Award. Design Milk. (2020, January 1). https://design-milk.com/the-2019-world-design-rankings-wdr-by-the-a-design-award/. Figure 9. Suri, C. (n.d.). The 21 Hottest Design Hotels for 2019. Architectural Digest. https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/top-design-hotels-2019. Figure 10. Lobby Elevator Hall. Kempinski Hotel Nanjing by Jane, P. (2020, March 20). YANG Design Group: Nanjing Kempinski Hotel. Http://loftcn.com/archives/149609.html. Figure 11. Restaurant. Products and project retrieval. (2021).https://www.vflighting.cn/Newsletter/show/38.html. Figure 12. Guestroom. Kempinski Hotel Nanjing by YANG & ASSOCIATES GROUP: World Design Awards 2020. The Architecture Community. (2021). http://www.thearchitecturecommunity.com/kempinski-hotel-nanjing-byyang-associates-group-world-design-awards-2020/.
Thank You
Copyright © May 2021 by Aiyue Wang All rights reserved. No part of this booklet may be reproduced or used in any manner without written permission of the copyright owner except for the use of quotations in an analysis review.