أهداف تصميمية لعمارة السكن الجماعي

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to Vienna’s main train station and prominently adjacent to the Schweizergarten in the Quartier Belvedere Central. The residentialtowerisdesignedasaflowingmonolithicstructure of organic, amoeba-like form. The perimeter parapet bands of white, powder-coated aluminum panels that essentially wrap around the entire building contour are interrupted in certain zones according to different environmental factors, such as wind, sound, and light exposure. This generates a differentiated facade design with opaque and glazed, linear and dot-shaped balcony elements.

The 18 upper floors comprise 234 two-room and 15 threeroom, rental apartments, which are particularly suitable for singles and couples. Each of the six apartment types is equipped with ceiling cooling and underfloor heating. All apartments have their own balcony or loggia offering a high quality of outdoor living with fascinating views over Vienna. In the area with limited lighting, certain parts were pivoted out of the basic shape of the building, forming metal-clad bays with adequate lighting and views. In addition, the volumetric shape of the building is structured by the formation of 3 transparent façade zones that recede floor by floor. These

measures result in a formally independent building that enriches its surroundings with its iconographic presence. The exterior walls of the residential tower are designed as a plastered thermal insulation composite façade, with triple glazed fixed glazing or rotating or tilting elements as an aluminum-glass construction.

In the glazed areas, the ground floor zone consists of a post-and-beam construction or metal-clad wall panels made of anodized aluminum. An inserted vestibule marks the entrance.

Residents of the BelView Apartments can expect an inhouse fitness room with professional equipment including a sauna area in the basement area. A common room with kitchen and access to the landscaped plaza invites residents to chat and share activities.

With a laundromat, there’ s no need for a washing machine in the apartment, and with in-house parcel boxes including a return option, there’ s no need to go to the post office. An in-house underground parking garage ensures barrier-free access to the apartments.

The residential tower has been awarded a DGNB certificate in Gold for sustainable construction.

FromtheArchitectReport:TheBelViewTowerislocatedclose

© Duccio Malagamba

© Duccio Malagamba

© Duccio Malagamba

From the Architect Report: The Chinese metropolis of Nanjing is growing rapidly. To enable this growth, in 2015 the government formed the Jiangbei New Area . MVRDV has won a competition to design a mixed-use residential and commercial complex on the edge of the Jiangbei New Area’s Financial District. With a green landscape nestled between two 150-metre-tall towers, Oasis Towers will provide a haven for residents in a dense and rapidly developing part of the city.The project spans two adjacent blocks on the edge of the Jiangbei Financial District masterplan. The project’s two L-shaped towers, each 40 storeys in height, face each other from the north and south corners, while the podium of 3–4 storeys forms a perimeter that encloses almost the entire site tocreatetheprotectiveenvironmentatitsheart.Thisperimeter building bridges over pedestrian access routes and even the street between the two plots, creating a clear separation between the surrounding neighbourhood and the oasis at the centre of the design.Peppered with trees and other greenery, the oasis forms a green landscape on the building’s cascading terraces, a lush environment for shopping in the building’s commercial floors from ground level up to the third floor. This park-like space has a number of functions: it provides cooling and biodiversity, the canopy offers privacy by shielding the residents of the upper floors from the shoppers below, and it creates a walkable environment that connects the two plots across the central road.At the very centre of the public space, the landscape steps down below ground level to connect beneath the road, providing a convenient crossing point and allowing access to the metro station beneath the site.“The contemporary architecture of Nanjing takes its inspiration from nature in form and appearance”, says MVRDV founding partner Winy Maas. “With Oasis Towers we wanted to push this trend to the max – not only emulating nature with curving, stratified ‘cliffs’, but also to literally incorporate nature into the design with the greenery and by tapping into natural processes.”To respond to the office skyscrapers that will emerge in its surroundings, the design has a formal, gridded façade on the outer faces of the perimeter block. Elsewhere, this exterior skin gives way to the flowing curves of balconies, terraces, rooftops, and small pavilions clad in facades of recycled bamboo.The integration of nature into the design goes even further than its idyllic green environment, with nature playing an important role in the design’s sustainability strategies. Rooftops in the oasis that are not accessible are densely planted with a variety of species that help to maximise biodiversity. Also included in these non-accessible roofs are two 500-square-metre reed beds that naturally filter and clean water as part of the building’s greywater recycling system.The positioning of the towers takes advantage of the prevailing western winds to maximise natural ventilation. The deep balconies are staggered to provide plenty of natural light, while reducing solar gain in the summer, along with the carefully placed trees that provide extra shade in the warmer months.Awater-source heat pump makes use of the adjacent river to reduce energy consumption.The towers appear highly varied at a glance, with every floor differing in shape from its neighbours above and below, yet the design in fact is highly efficient and regularised; floor plans for large sections of the towers are almost identical, with only variations in the shapes of the curving balconies. Planters separate neighbouring balconies, ensuring that the green oasis extends to the very top of the design.

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From the Architect Report: Construction has begun on MVRDV’s Skanderbeg Building (officially known as Tirana’s Rock), a mixed-use project that – at 85 metres tall and sculpted into the shape of a bust of Albania’s national hero –will be among the world’s largest buildings that doubles as a figurative sculpture. Wrapped in curving balconies that form the shape of the head of Skanderbeg, the building will be an iconic landmark at Skanderbeg Square, the very centre of Albania’scapital,celebratingandassimilatingintothecountry’s cultural history while giving Tirana a unique identity unlike any other capital city. At the same time, behind its dramatic visage the building provides well-designed, functional homes in one of the most desirable locations in all of Tirana.

Gjergj Kastrioti (1405-1468), more commonly known by the name Skanderbeg, is a central figure in the history of Albania, playing a crucial role in its conception as a nation-state. He is the country’s national hero, venerated most notably in the name of Skanderbeg Square, the main public square in the centre of Tirana, and the accompanying Skanderbeg Monument.

Located on the square’s northeastern corner, MVRDV’s design for investors ANA sh.p.k. and VI&VI sh.p.k brings his presence to a whole new level.At street level, the building fills theawkwardlyshapedsitetoitsveryedges,andSkanderbeg’s head is “carved” from this maximum allowable volume like a marble bust. His shoulders align with the widest part of the site, while his head is turned to the right, facing the square that carries his name.

The design achieves its unusual appearance by making use of balconies that wrap around the entire building on every level, with curved protrusions forming the facial details such as the nose, ears, and beard. These balconies allow the building’s interior spaces to adopt a more rational floorplan while providing a significant amount of valuable, shaded outdoor space for occupants. The resulting effect is somewhat subtle; people may need to look twice to understand the building’s

shape, depending on the angle from which they see it. This expressive approach fits seamlessly into a city that has developed a tradition of mixing art and architecture as part of its post-communist renaissance. Inside, the building contains one level of commercial space and four levels of offices, programmes that can accommodate the deep floorplans at the bottom of the “bust”. Above this, 20 floors of residential apartments fill the “head”, with special care paid to each individual floor plan to ensure that these homes are functional despite the irregular shape of the building.

“These days, cities around the world increasingly look like each other – I always encourage them to resist this, to find their individual character and emphasise it”, says MVRDV foundingpartnerWinyMaas.“Tome,theSkanderbegBuilding is an opportunity to do just that. It brings new meaning to existing elements of Albanian architecture. As Albania begins its negotiations to join the EU, projects such as this one are part of the European Project – it stresses Albania’s history, character, and presence in a unified Europe of many states.”

The balconies for each home are separated by built-in planters, which allow the greenery in the surrounding area to extend up the building, with native plants used throughout. The design incorporates a number of features that make it sustainable in Tirana’s warm climate. Thanks to the broad overhanging balconies, the building is protected from excessive sunlight, and the floor layouts enable natural cross-ventilation. Rainwater capture and heat recovery systems minimise the building’s water and energy requirements.

The balconies’ glass balustrades feature a gradient finish, fading from a milk-white to a clear finish and lending the building an ethereal, marble-like appearance.At night, lighting strips built into the underside of the balconies highlight the form of Skanderbeg’s head, making the building a beacon and landmark in the city.

From the Architect Report: Housing 222 of apartments, The West Residence Club that opened its doors in the spring of 2022, is located in Hell’s Kitchen, one of Manhattan’s most sprouting neighborhoods. The neighbourhood is known for its industrial character and its rich, colourful history, which combined, create an unmistakable mystique. Today it offers varied urban architecture from brick warehouses and low-rise showrooms to open parking lots and original townhouses. Its unique mix of residents, companies, independent shops and small restaurants has made it into a dynamic neighbourhood. The West Residence Club introduces a new way of living; its condos – a mix of studios, 1and 2+ bedroom apartments –are smartly designed from the inside out to create the best residential experience, enhanced by extensive communal spaces and outdoor areas. The base of the building offers a loft-type experience, with a robust brick facade referring to both the warehouse character of the area as well as the townhouses in the side streets. The super light and airy apartments on the top floors are designed to make the most of the views over Manhattan Skyline and the Hudson River. The 7-storey brick base of the building is an extension of the townhouse-like character of the two streets, and connects to the brick warehouse architecture of the avenues. The brick facades are carefully crafted in rich detailed patterns. Both the bricks and the patterns were custom-designed and hand-made specifically for The West Residence Club . The brickwork combined with large industrial windows create street oriented,typical NY loft-type studios and 1-bedroom apartments on the lower floors.Inspired by the social function of New York-style stoops, the main entrance of the building is formed by a small entrance plaza that forms a smooth

transition between the public street and the private green that encompass a central tree.Higher up in the building, it is all about the cosmopolitan life that New York is famous for, with views over New York’siconic skyline and the sunset over Hudson River. The amenities at 547 West 47th Street bring the residents together to form a thriving community known as The WestResidence Club. It includes specific areas to work, a glass house in the backyard, a double-height gym, a playroom for kids, and two in-house hotel-style guest rooms that can be booked for visitors. The 8th floor roof deck accommodates a rooftop field and pocket park including a dog run, an outdoor kitchen and an indoor communal kitchen and dining space. On the top roof an extensive pool deck is combined with BBQ pits and communal seating areas under a wooden pergola. The design also involved a special focus on dedicated workspaces to facilitate working from home, including a full glass greenhouse in the garden filled with bookshelves, a fireplace and a large worktable, and two meeting/working rooms stacked with office supplies and equipment. Interaction between residents is further fuelled by the communal kitchen – to be programmed with food gatherings – further fueled by a dining room and adjacent outdoor kitchen.Over 260.000 kg of waste has been up-cycled in the bricks used in this building. A total of forty different brick shapes and sizes were required for the project, and each piece was individually handbrushed with a subtly reflective glass glaze before being fired in a centuries-old factory. The unique glass glaze creates a variety of shades and glossiness during the day, resulting in a different read of the building every time one sees it.The entrance on West 47th Street is reached through a garden courtyard that forms a transition between the bustling NY

© ewout huibers for concrete

streets and your private home.The entrance lobby,a doubleheight space and abundant daylight.Just beyond the lobby, opposite the entry door, is The library and residential meeting place with fireplace, living room, and communal worktable. One story down, a shadow garden is created that is linked to equipped working rooms to facilitate the growing need for working remotely. Each residence also includes a storage unit, a secure space to stow camping gear, golf clubs, and off-season clothing.On level 3 their is a double-height fitness center located next to the playroom. An exterior yard is connected to the gym. Also located on Level 3, dedicated to playroom for kids .The communal kitchen and dining room is in level 8 and is available for residents to host a dinner party and cooking event or to celebrate special occasions. Just off the communal kitchen, a large outdoor roof deck sits on top of the lower part of the buildings along 47th Street.The roof deck has an extensive terrace with an outdoor kitchen,viewing terrace and lounge, pool deck and private gardens.To top it all off, literally, the 12th floor boasts an extensive roof deck and garden rising above the majority of the neighbouring buildings.Garden areas, ivy walls and trees that grow through openings in the pergola provides a green haven on the one hand, and views over one of the world’s most iconic urban areas on the other. The apartments in the base of the building largely consist out of studios and 1-bedroom apartments. With its industrial metal windows and rough wooden floors, the design integrates the New York loft feel. On the top floors the apartments have one or multiple “glassrooms” that pop out from the facade, The roofs of these boxes are used as terraces for the dwelling above, making sure that every house has one or multiple private outdoor terraces.

Donna Dotan for theWEST

Adrian Gaut