Origin
• Nazism was a fascist political movement developed in Germany that became a form of government during the 1920’s. • Controlled Germany from 1933-1945 • Due to the low economic status after WWI; Germany began to lack faith in a new government so they turned to political groups that called for extreme changes. • Originally Germany Workers’ Party • The Nazi party grew rapidly in the post war crisis and the military supported Hitler in his ideas of discipline, order, and military conquest. • The middle classes and farmers were attracted to his promises of social reform. • By 1923, the Nazi had 17,000 members.
Origin • In 1919, army veteran Adolf Hitler, joined a political organization called the German Workers’ Party. • Founded that same year by a group of men including locksmith Anton Drexler and journalist Karl Harrer • promoted German nationalism and anti-Semitism, • felt the Treaty of Versailles, (the peace settlement that ended the war), was unjust to Germany • the Treaty of Versailles limited Germany to an army of 100,000 soldiers. • Hitler soon emerged and began attracting new members with speeches blaming Jews and Marxists for Germany’s problems • In July 1921, renamed the Nationalist Socialist German Workers’ (Nazi) Party.
Nazi beliefs • Nazi called for aggressive nationalism, militarism, and the expansion of Germany’s borders • They placed great restrictions on personal freedom but permitted private ownership that did not conflict with the interests of the state. • They claimed that Jews, Slavs, and other minority groups were inferior. • Nazism opposed democracy, communism, socialism, feminism, and other political systems and movements that claimed to favor equality. • It promised to build a harmonious, orderly, and prosperous society for Germans; instead, it brought terrorism, war, and mass murder.
Why Nazism happened • Germany was help responsible for WW1 • People couldn’t find jobs so they searched for hope and a new government after World War 1. • They sought extreme political changes from extreme leaders. • They looked to Hitler and his promises in building a prosperous country. • After WW1 Germany had a socialist-liberal republic • Hitler was a skillful political organizer and was able to persuade and stir crowds with his speeches • He attacked the government and declared that the Nazi party could restore the economy, assure work for all, and lead Germany to greatness again
Political values for the Nazi party • The Nazi state power had few limits and could extend unto all aspects of German political, social, and cultural life. • They called for the union into one nation of all Germans including the Austrians and German minorities Czechoslovakia and other count • Demanded the citizenship of non- German or Jewish origin to be deprived of German citizenship • They called for the cancelation of the treaty of Versailles
Germany to Nazi Germany
Society post war • Women in the workforce increased to 37% • Refused to accept the lost of the war • Blamed Kaiser Wilhelm, communists, and Jewish people • Cost of the war was approximately 40 billion dollars • Industrial output fell by over 40% • consequences included: food shortages emergence of black market limitations on fuel
Women's rights in Germany • they should be good mothers bringing up children at home while their husbands worked. • No work and education taught young girls of their soon to be life. • Law for the Encouragement of Marriage passed in 1933 • law stated all newly married couples receive loan of 1000 marks about 9 months average income. • 800,000 newly weds took up this offer. • Having Four children meant that the entire loan was cleared • Populate Germany with only “true German Nazi's”
Aryan race • Master race • Everyone looked a certain way
• Propaganda • expectations
Racial policy • policies targeted, Jews, Gypsies, homosexuals and handicapped people • ranked Slavs, Romani, persons of color and Jews at the bottom
Who • Among the first victims of persecution in Nazi Germany were political opponents-primarily communist, social democrats and trade unionists. • Jehovah's witnesses refused to serve in the German army of take oath of obedience to Adolf Hitler and consequently were also targeted • The Nazis harassed German male homosexuals, whose sexual orientation was considered a hindrance to the expansion of the German population • Habitual homosexuals were incarcerated in prisons; many were later remanded to concentration camps following the completion of their sentences.
Jewish persecution • • • • •
torture physically abused starvation separated from families concentration camps/ excessive labor • Death often caused by gas tricked, being beat to death, or shot
Dress/Adornments what made them stand out? • prison clothing • too small or too big • sometimes no clothing • had to wear the star of David • star of David sewn on clothing • Serial numbers as identification
- derived from greek holo meaning whole and kaustos meaning burnt “whole burnt�
what was done in the holocaust? • concentration camps • Jews were given clothes that were too big or too small • shaved heads • women lined up naked and were shot as targets for sport • ghettos- confined to cities and towns surrounded by brick walls and barbed wire • Jews forced to live close together in small apartments or rooms housing many • dead bodies were burned • Gas chambers
How many died? • • • • •
over 6 million Jews were murdered 1.5 being children many more were affected survivors are still around today museum of tolerance
interesting facts • two largest ghettos were Warshaw and ladz • about 100,000 died in Warshaw ghetto • many concentration camps are still open as museums or monuments • Any where from 7,000-20,000 camps • concentration camps were not destroyed • more than 25 camps are still around.
Nazi’s
Dress/Adornments of Nazi’s • • • • • • • •
different for each rank uniforms everyone had the swastika "good fortune" all black worn by staff sergeant military collar/rank wore the national emblem helmet for field uniforms Hitler organized a private army called stormed troopers. He used brown shirted uniforms and the swastika emblem to give his party a sense of unity and power.
Interesting Facts • Only 12 German defendants were sentenced to death. • Only 22 of the top German leaders were tried out of the thousands of NAZI leaders. • Many German leaders fled to South America and other countries. • Young children were targeted – if they were not killed they would start a new generation of Jews. • The Holocaust not only included the Jews, but also homosexuals, Jehovah’s Witnesses, Poles (Polish people), “Gypsies”, people with disabilities, blacks, and Soviet prisoners.
Hitler before the holocaust • Adolf Hitler was born the fourth child of Austrian parents Alois Hitler and Klara Polzl, but moved to Germany at three years of age. • After his father passed away, he dropped out of school and moved to Vienna, where he painted and sold watercolor paintings • He was denied enrollment into school twice in Vienna • Enlist for ww1 • He was awarded the Iron Cross First Class • He attempted a coup d'etat on the government, When this failed, he was thrown into prison, only served a year It was during this time that he wrote his book "Mein Kampf“ (my struggle)
The after effects • the overwhelming majority having survived the Holocaust in the Soviet Union • Between 1946 and 1950, over half of the city’s Jewish population left Poland for Israel • Jewish people migrated and began the next line • Beliefs changed
Countries view • The first official international response was the Nuremberg War Crimes Trial of 1945–46. • Great Britain and the United States developed a plan to rescue the victims of Nazi atrocities. • By 1942, many newspapers were reporting details of the Holocaust, stories about the mass murder of Jews in the millions.
Anne Frank and Survivors • Teen who went into hiding during the holocaust who wrote of her experiences, her diary was later found and published • Tell their experiences in museums • Personal explanations or speeches http://tellingstories.org/holocaust/
Current forms • http://www.americannaziparty.com/ • Being the ideals into the 21st century • There are two political parties in Germany now, the Nationaldemokratishe Partei Deutschlands (NPD) and the Deutsche Volksunion (DVU), they are widely recognized as Nazi, although they don’t show all of the stereotypical icons of the Nazis, because that is illegal in Germany.
Ignorance with symbols • London based brand called Boy London
• Founded in the 70s by an Israel businessman • Locals want boycott • Brand won’t change logo
ZARA • In 2007 withdrew stock on hand bag due to print having swastika • Swastika origin however- considered to be a sacred and auspicious symbol in Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism.
Want to know more? • Visit the museum of tolerance • Read • Watch documentaries • The boy in the stiped pajamas • http://documentaries.about.com/ od/populardocsubjects/tp/Holoca ust-Documentaries-A-List-OfDocumentaries-About-TheHolocaust.htm
References • http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/nazi-party • http://www.hollywoodprop.com • http://www.vqronline.org/responding-holocaust
• https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=nazi%20and%20jews&qs=IM&form=QBIDMH&pq=nazi %20and%20jew&sc=8-12&sp=1&sk= • http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2620605/Angry-shoppers-demand-fashion-labelchanges-logo-looks-like-NAZI-eagle-symbol.html
• http://www.history.com • https://prezi.com/xczedd3ajdgw/german-society-during-the-post-war-years/ • http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/nazi-germany/the-role-of-women-in-nazi-germany/