2017, SEMESTER 1 VITÓRIA PANZUTO
HELLO! I’M VITÓRIA PANZUTO ~~
I’m studying architecture at the Centro Universitårio Belas Artes in Sao Paulo. It's acknowledged for its enormous participation in the artistic and cultural scenario of the city, being considered one of the most renowned institutions in the country. It's my first semester and this has been a wonderful experience. It's amazing to know that I'm finally doing the course of my dreams. Although the workload is big and many tasks need to be done, I am learning how to handle with this situation. My favorite architects are: Zaha Hadid, Santiago Calatrava and Oscar Niemeyer.
For me they are exemplary professionals, that have done complex and aesthetically incredible works.
The execution of this journal and the study of contemporary architecture, parametric design and architecture of algorithms has been surprisingly interesting. The discovery of new possibilities and the facilities that technology can provide us is something that certainly helps transform the world into a better place.
CONTENTS • • • • • •
Introduction – The Challenges of Contemporary Architecture Architecture and Sustainability Design Computation Architecture of Algorithms Gestalt Laws
Harbin Opera House, China Project: Harbin Opera House Architects: MAD Architects . Location: Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
Area: 850 000 sq ft Year: 2015 . Photographs by: Adam Mørk, Iwan Baan
The northern Chinese city of Harbin is known for its dramatic climate and natural landscapes.
CONCEPTUALIZATION The Challenges of Contemporary Architecture
In the context of the contemporary world there is a need to expand and secure more sustainable constructions.
In this process, questions are included such as energy efficiency, adaptation to climate change with a long-term perspective, sustainable actions and, above all, the promotion of the wellbeing of the population, with the quality of the internal environment.
There is a need for the integration of public, business and social actions so that effective results can be achieved. Today, one of the main issues to be faced by the segment is the need for awareness of the use of techniques, structures and materials that promote sustainability. Therefore, it is a set of variables, all of them interconnected, demanding for this reason a series of coordinated actions.
In the current conditions of the planet, sustainability implies at the same time to review notions such as modernization, development and consumer goods. For this reason, it is not only a question of "relation to nature" but mainly of the intelligent use of both natural resources and human resources, involving an understanding of the territory in its ethical-productive condition, closely linked to the notion of society. It is necessary to carry out the evaluation of the economic and socio-cultural consequences of the sustainable use of resources, involving the notion of sustainable development. Speaking of sustainability today means to analyze the intersection between physical, social, ecological variables and issues related to citizen security from the perspective of the subjects problematic. It is necessary to maximize the use of renewable energies, to develop new modes of collective transport, to recycle materials, buildings and waste, and to devise new, more harmonious and generous forms of organization of land occupation. West Kowloon Terminus by Aedas
ARCHITECTURE AND SUSTAINABILITY Providing new conditions of relationship with the environment adapted to each specific context condition, thinking of the buildings and the architecture due to the ease of adaptation to the changes, the reuse of materials, and the inexpensive regulation of the relation with the climatic conditions
As is well known, metropolitan areas are responsible for generating the "heat island" effect, which implies an increase of 3 to 4 ยบC, since the buildings have a high thermal mass that absorbs the radiation of the sun and radiates it for many hours, preventing for example, perceiving the cool of the night. Therefore, eco-design implies a preventive path capable of reducing negative impacts on the environment, considering the life cycles of materials and products as a component source of projects. Thinking about energy-efficient buildings has become a priority concern. Respecting earth, water, air and light is imperative. Using energy and sunlight, isolating, ventilating, and using rainwater are some of the elementary ingredients of pleasant buildings to be used in all seasons and for all functions.
Building, living and developing a life of social interaction comprises a cycle that included the selection and fabrication of materials, the definition of constructive processes and the subsequent possibility of dismantling and reusing the built. It is clear that investments in energy efficiency are needed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and consumption levels. In this sense, proposals such as taking into account the per capita pollution of each country may constitute a new international reference. And at the same time, establish incentives to avoid deforestation as a form of control of deforestation at a planetary level. A sustainable development policy implies that, as far as our area of ​activity (city, building, landscape) is concerned, the management of public services and goods, including the environment as a central issue, does not imply a privatization of political power, nor a replacement of political logic by business logic, let alone a degradation of social interest by private interest.
The sustainability of the built environment requires thinking about the relations between the local and the global, between the geographically located effects and the adoption of general referents, in the same act of decision. From the point of view of environmental responsibility, architecture and urbanism, as social work, should be directed to the integration of objects in context, to the improvement of the quality of life of users from the point of view of thermal comfort, and to influence in reducing the demand for conventional energy as well as in the use of alternative energy sources.
Therefore, contemporary architectural and urban design must be the field of management and production of objects and spaces based on the principles of bioclimatism, with a formal-technological expression appropriate to each context. Ecology in this sense is here understood not as an end but as an intelligent means of dealing with resources.
ARCHITECTURE AND COMPUTING With the advent of computers and the evolution of specialized programs in the various areas of human activities, computer graphics has become a technological tool widely used in various fields of human activity. The advantages of manual work from the speed of design changes to the presentation of "live virtual prototypes" have become indispensable in contemporary architecture. The technological effects of computer graphics are irreversible for the constructive process and representative in the projection of space. The composition of photo realistic virtual images was a great challenge for companies and researchers in the technological area and for this reason played an important role in the development of visualization techniques.
Another great advantage that Computer Graphics offers is the simulation of different materials, lights, colors, textures and forms to be used, allowing the client and the architect to study and choose the best solutions for the architecture. Computer graphics has become a powerful element and one of the most important factors of modern times in the construction of architectural projects as well as in the virtual reconstruction of works. It uses visuals such as the electronic model, the digital perspective, the 3D animation, the 360ยบ Tour and the humanized plants. Some of these features even provide the customer with a virtual tour. In a dynamic and interactive way, one can walk through the interior of a building, experiencing the spaces before it is even built.
Zaha Hadid’s modernist insertion in the atrium of the historic Moore Building.
DESIGN COMPUTATION The parameterization of architectural elements, or also the call of architecture by algorithms, helps us to take much further in the design and development of our projects, aligning the complexity to a language more and more accepted in the market. The abstract and the precise become closer, and your creativity can go even further than your own imagination with the aid of algorithms. Parameterization is a mathematical approximation for the architecture, elaborated through algorithms. In short, it is a design reasoning schedule. The concept of parameterization becomes possible today as a consequence of technological convergence, whose main factors are the development of the technology of processors that allow such calculations, the evolution of the cutting systems and the computation in the cloud. The viability of the system is achieved by the safe transfer of this information to the application in the industry and subsequent construction, making it possible to program everything even for part separation or even 3D printing
.
The Tote by Serie Architects. Mumbai, India.
ARCHITECTURE OF ALGORITHMS The revolutionary algorithms correspond to a set of techniques that contribute to the solution of this type of problem, and that can be incorporated into the generative system of design in order to maximize the achievement of better results.
Galaxy Soho / Zaha Hadid Architects
Digital Grotesque Michael Hansmeyer and Benjamin Dillenburger created the grand space called 'Digital Grotesque' that measures 16 square metres and has an incredible 260 million facets. They said the project aims to create architecture that 'defies classification and reductionism' as well as straddling chaos and order and the natural and artificial to produce a space that is 'neither foreign nor familiar‘.
Digital Grotesque
GESTALT LAWS Gestalt's Object is a book that deals with how to make visual reading of form, from scientific foundations and perceptual psychology of form the author expresses each question through topics and images. The gestalt, after several researches, is the phenomenon of perception, through the interpretation of our brain. Unification Unification consists in the equality or similarity of the stimuli, in it is harmony and balance in the objects. Unit - A unit is identified in a single element, which closes in on itself. Segregation - Segregation is the part that divides or that is evidenced in relation to the other units, it is the factor that contrasts in the object with other elements. Continuity - Continuity is the tendency of the elements to accompany each other in a way that allows the continuity of a movement to an already established direction.
Closure - Closure occurs when a formation is established in the units, that is, they obtain the sensation of visual closure of the form by its structural continuity. Proximity Proximity occurs when the elements that are close to each other tend to be seen together, proximity and similarity are two factors that act together. Similarity - The similarity is stimulated by the equality of form and color, which awakens a grouping of units by similar parts. .
Form Pregnancy Pregnancy form is one of the most basic laws in gestalt, an object with high form pregnancies tends to be balanced, harmonic and homogeneous, bringing a good visualization so that the viewer can understand the form quickly without problems, a Object with low form pregnancies causes more work to be done to identify the units in the object
CONCEPTUAL CATEGORIES: Fundamental
Harmony - Harmony is the well organized formal arrangement between all elements of the object, bringing regularity in a simple and clear way. Harmony by order brings uniformity between units and harmony by regularity brings elements absolutely level in terms of visual balance. Disharmony - We can call the process opposite to harmony, the elements become disordered producing disagreements, tend to be irregular having no leveling and formal inconstancy.
Equilibrium - Equilibrium occurs when forces act simultaneously on both sides of the elements, bringing the feeling that the two sides of an object are the same or that they are mutually compensated. Imbalance - It is the opposite of balance, is when the forces acting on the body can not balance. Contrast - The contrast has a great importance, is where through the light or its absence, it brings the forms of the objects. From different colors you can also notice the contrast highlighting different elements or not.
The Heydar Aliyev Center
Conceptual
Categories:
Applied Visual Techniques
Clarity - Where to a well organized, unified, harmonious and balanced visualization. The object may have a simple, or complex structure. Simplicity - It is free from complications, brings harmony and unification, usually brings low number of information or visual units. Minimity - It is an economical technique, where there are very few elements in its composition. Complexity - Opposite the concept of simplicity, complexity tends to have many units in its composition, and hinders its rapid reading.
Metropol Parasol
References • Algorithmic Cultures: Essays on Meaning, Performance and New Technologies Jonathan Roberge • Gestalt do Objeto: Sistema de Leitura Visual da Forma - Joao Gomes Filho • Sustainable Design: A Critical Guide • Green from the Ground Up: Sustainable, Healthy, and Energy-Efficient Home Construction (Builder's Guide) • Sustainable Design: Ecology, Architecture, and Planning • http://www.cjwho.com/post/105629270 • 940/light-of-life-church-by-shinslabarchitecture • http://matsysdesign.com/2009/06/18/ho neycomb-morphologies/ • http://www.theglamourai.com/2015/12/ art-basel-photo-diary.html • http://www.bestinteriordesigners.eu/top -architects-zaha-hadid/ • http://www.bestinteriordesigners.eu/top -architects-zaha-hadid/ • http://www.ugreen.com.br • http://www.zahahadid.com/2016/01/27/zaha-hadidextends-silene-jewellery-line-for-azizand-walid-mouzannar/ • http://www.archello.com/en/product/d ragons-tail/image-6