‘
Project
Toward IDEAL CITY
Pop-up Sharing ST. Event can make boundary
Sharing Data as Public Space
Yanghee Lee UCL The Bartlett School of Architecture MArch Urban Design 11-12 UD4-Tutors : Daewha Kang, Monika Bilska
CONTEXT
01
Manifesto
02
Introduction
03
SCENARIO
03.1
Urban Animal
03.2
Networked society - Patchwork city project
03.3
Apple Alice - Smart Citizens
03.4
Top down & Bottom up
03.5
Events can make boundary
03.6
Urban flexibility
03.7
Time Rabbit
04
SYSTEM
04.1
Sharing case study
04.2
At
04.3
Proposal - Existing land use + Secondary land use
04.4
Space Sustainability - Mixed use program matrix
04.5
Hybrid Public Space - Sharing data as public
05
Hong Kong
space
PLACES
05.1
Experiment 1 - Day Traffic & Night Market
05.2
Experiment 2 - Weekend Church & Weekday Nursery
05.3
Experiment 3 - Weekday Office & Weekend Restaurant
05.4
Experiment 4 - Art Workshops & Gallery Space
05.5
Experiment 5 - Day Coffee shop & Night Cinema
05.6
Experiment 6 - Day Car Park & Night Club
06
Conclusion - Double landuse
07
Reference
01 MANIFESTO
After the era of mass production, the mass information era has begun. Informational networked society is based on the control and choices of smart citizens. Technology can become a tool to communicate between ideal citizens and built environments. Our cities are still static with strong boundaries, both physical and emotional. As collective decision makers, smart citizens can break these boundaries and start communicating beyond the current city’s limits. Let’s all become active actors for our city. The advantage of imagination is always more important than physical techniques. Sharing spaces is a primal instinct for all living things. Sustaining our spaces and making them larger and at the same time closer, we will come to the ideal city; the sharing of space that is healthy and economically advantageous. From the aesthetic of the work tools that go with our existence, architecture is key to save space and survive today.
‘
‘
Revolution is in the air.
IN MY PROJECT, THERE ARE THREE CHARACTERS. THE FIRST ONE IS URBAN ANIMAL. THEY HAVE BIGGER BRAIN TO SURVIVE. INFORMATION FLOW HAS BEEN GROWING UP. IT CHANGES OUR LIFE STYLE A LOT. BUT PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT HAS NOT CHANGED YET. THE SECOND ONE IS APPLE ALICE. THEY ARE ALL OVER THE CITY WITH REAL-TIME SENSORS. THEY CAN CONTROL AND CHOOSE. THEY ARE COLLECTIVE DECISION MAKER WHO CAN BREAK HARD BOUNDARY AND INTRODUCE SOFT BOUNDARY. HOW CAN MAKE THIS FLEXIBILITY HAPPEN IN THE CITY? I MET THE TIME RABBIT. SHARING SPACE IN DIFFERENT TIME CREATE TIME LAYERS IN FORGOTTEN SPACES.
02 INTRODUCTION
“Civilization advances by extending the number of important operations which we can perform without thinking about them.” Alfred North Whitehead
This quote explains the moment in evolution where people will be able to go beyond the simple onto complex tasks. Changing our behavior so that the way we do things and think may become relevant to the fabric of the city. About 10 years ago people started to learn how to text in order to communicate, it was a small initial shift of more intense changes coming in next decade.
Rheingold has come to call “smart mobs;” from barcodes
to electronic bridge tolls, we started to see everywhere wireless Internet nodes in cafes, hotels and even underground. The main aim of this report is not only to realize emergent social community and urbanism movements, but also to comprehend generally how the community plays a role in the city; and to bring an awareness to how to re-think, or re-use, or re-design our city. On-coming social resources will be different from what we have had so far, and the on-coming society will need to adopt the situation simultaneously. Although physical reaction tends to be slower than realization, the coming generation’s life styles will be evolve according to their reactions. To understand how emergent social networks affect contemporary urban life the structure
of the essay has been divided into three chapters and a conclusion and will take the following form: the first chapter is narrative from the initial ideas to main project concept; the second examines the new system, which this project proposes to share space to sustain; the third is comprised of experiments to test my proposal that is sharing at different times. In my project, there are three characters who form my initial thoughts into a real project. The first one was named ‘Urban Animal’; a BBC article said birds living in the cities have bigger brains, leading me to study emergent information technology infrastructure. How information infrastructure can appear, what kind of architecture projects are trying to adopt that phenomenon, how it can change our lifestyle, how much we are linked to each other in virtual spaces, and how the networked virtual community can give and influence our life. Sharing information grants a larger public intellect, leading me to make a hypothetical theme for cities. Which is sharing spaces can lead to bigger city in terms of ideology and perhaps even physically. I believe that current technology can allow for more sharing. Then the second character is the Apple Alice. Apple is the symbolic word to represent information technology. She has real-time sensors such as a camera, blue tooth, voice recorder, and wireless connectivity. They can play roles of collective decision makers, but our existing city has a hard boundary between buildings, people, and even other cities. To break the hard boundary and introduce a soft boundary, the smart citizens can introduce a soft boundary for urban flexibility with a tool to share spaces at different times. According to two different times dichotomies; weekdays and weekends,
and day and
night, every place has its own timetable to be used. Simply put, my proposal is to activate a new program when a space is not in use. In order to suggest a mixed use program matrix, we need to consider what the program it is, who uses it, why use it, when to use it, and how to use it. However cities are non-linear systems. It seems quite complex not only to manage but also to design. Local and global agents generate unpredictable behaviors which tend to make cities sophisticated open systems. Spaces are normally used according to people’s life patterns, thus my project begins with the forgotten spaces that are not fully in use at all times of day. The next part are six experiments to applied to sites. The first is Day Traffic and Night Market, the second project is Weekday Nursery and Weekend Church, the third one is Weekday Office and Weekend Restaurant, the fourth one is Art Workshops and Gallery, the fifth one is Day Coffee shop and Night Cinema, the last one is Day Car parking and Night Club. My proposal is not only about sharing spaces but also promoting a flourishing sense of place. After sharing the spaces even when it is not a new program, the spaces might become more lively places. In accordance with this proposal, current land use can be changed into double land use, or multiple land use. Our cities can begin to become double or multiple use spaces getting ideologically bigger and at the same time closer. It is the way for me to suggest sustainable urbanism in the 21st century.
“
. . . I should tell you of the hidden Berenice, the city of the just, handling makeshift
materials in the shadowy rooms behind the shops and beneath the stairs, linking a network of wires and pipes and pulleys and pistons and counterweights that infiltrates like a climbing plant among the great cogged wheels (when they jam, a subdued ticking gives warning that a new precision mechanism is governing the city)
� Italo Calvino, Invisible Cities
03
SCENARIO
“Inf
orma
tion
Infr
astr
uctu
re”
re”
frastructu “Physical In
“Technology can allow more sharing”
s” re space s to sha e u s s i f o re a lot “There a
“Then I met Time Rabbit”
“Here, ther e are a lot of events be tween privat e and public ”
03.1
Urban Animal
“A centre of modern city is a novel and rather harsh environment for most species and the ability to sustain a varied diet or develop novel foraging techniques and perhaps utilise non-standard nesting places, can be beneficial”
“Larger brain make birds more adaptable to changable condition of city living”
Dr Maklakov
In a BBC News article a scientist reported that evolutionary biology cycle has been changed. For birds living in the city to survive they must have a bigger brain. I think people could be same as they have been undergoing behavioral intervention by the rapid growth of technologic evolution. I can strongly say that the technology development over the last two decades has played a huge role changing our lifestyle in a revolutionary way. Although the technological spread can support more understanding, even pleasant, many prove difficult to escape. In the collage every urban things, not only living things but also inanimate objects, have their own ID numbers. Our urban life has been in need of a new system to control and be controlled. Here new technology seems to be leading us to a global distopia. But I believe that we do not lose our warm heart in the cold cyber space, even in cyber space there is storytelling rather than facts. New technology perhaps allows us more emotional connectivity and communication than that of the physical environment we inhabit.
03.2
Networked society - Patchwork city project
Network structures seem to becoming the most relevant organizational model for cultural and technological production today. A network is an abstract organizational model with the structure of relationships between things. Networks are formed by nodes, or non-dimensional points of connection and links (Burke,Tierney, 2007, p.25). It is no longer new to say how our life is connected socially, economically, strategically and technologically. When looking at relationships between people and within new media such as mobile device, Silva proposes a more conceptualization of “social interface,”
which defines a digital device that intermediates
relationships between two or more users. Within this context, social interfaces not only reshape communication relationships but also reshape the space in which this interaction takes place (Silva 2006,p261). To quote Castells,”The network society itself, in fact, the social structure which is characteristic of what people had been calling for years the information society or post-industrial society.” So what is the role and responsibility of a designer for agency? As designers creating new experiential conditions, we can be motivated by a curiosity about new technologies and how they are becoming fundamental for the propagation of social and cultural environments, how they make our relationship rich. Castells tells us that design is not neutral, but plays an active role in creating and maintaining social, technical, and economic networks that process and manage information (Castells, 2000, Burke, Tierney, 2007, p. 27). It is a network, it is a whole world, a complete spatial system. We can not simply be involved, it is a landscape without a facade. How can we talk about networks, architecture, and city? Or, how not?
Since the popularization of the personal computer, the introduction of the global internet and embedding of miniaturized information technologies; we have become familiarized with wireless internet and intelligent agents embedded in user products like printers, cars, and computers. However we have yet to really change the building blocks of the built environment (Oosterhuis, 2011, p.16). This idea inspired me to study digital technology and how virtually networked societies can affect the physical world. The very beginning collage is about our first impression of our urban life, how we have lived within a changed world. There is a virtual information infrastructure in the air that is not yet connected very well with physical infrastructure which we have built. Technology like mobile telephony has become the world’s biggest platform for sharing information, though we are still not accustomed to the idea of space as a technology or medium of information. The more ubiquitous information devices become, the harder it is to see spatial technologies and networks that are independent of the digital (Kelly, An internet of things).
David Greene and Michael Webb, Story of the Thing (detail), montage for “Living City,” 1963
Archigram here is not designing a building but a placeless triangulated space frame, akin to a Buckminster Fuller tensegrity system: a “thing,” a floating plasma with an unstated purpose, hopefully benign, arriving in a bleak (fifties science fiction movie) landscape.
The main advance in network architecture will be generated when network structures are developed under the force, freedom, and beauty within the network itself. Architects have been trying to draw, or represent, a life in which everything is digitized. In Crompton’s 1963 Computer City, the city is a synthesized metropolis with electronic changeability illustrating the interactive system for a responsive city. The extended network landscape in which the projects were built, even modeled with electric wire, as in Archigram’s Plug-In City network. One of the most sophisticated versions of network project is Cedric Price’s Fun Palace of 1961-64. It was imagination sitting on the banks of the Thames River in London as a vast open scaffolding. There is different event spaces suspended within it, scaffoldings within scaffoldings, much like Constant’s New Babylon. The logic of the project is that the people occupying the space decide what is happening and redetermine the architecture. The space is continually reformed according to the changing desires of the present inhabitants (Wigley, 2007,p.36).
Dennis Cromptom, Computer City Project, 1964
Archigram, Plug-In City Network, 1964
Fun Palace, illustration from New Scientist, May 1964
Cedric Price, Fun Palace project, 1964
ABOUT Emersing Phenomenon
This collage shows the boundary between information and physical infrastructure
03.3
Apple Alice - Smart Citizens
“ if you are not in real-time, you are dead” Kevin Kelly
The smart citizens might be collective decision makers. “No one is as smart as everyone.” Larry Keely
In the networked era - the age we have recently entered - mass communication is creating artificial worlds ripe for emergent co-evolution, spontaneous self-organization, and win-win cooperation. In this Era, openness wins, central control is lost, and stability is a state of incessant almost-falling ensured by constant error (Kelly,1994,Engeli,2000). The smart citizens might be collective decision makers. Location–sensing wireless organizers, wireless networks, and community super computing collectives all have one thing in common: they promote and enable people to act together in new ways and situations where collective action was not possible before. Online social networks are human activities that ride on technological communications infrastructures of wires and chips. The new social forms from the last decade has encouraged many-to-many social communication, and will largely improve the power of social networks moving forward (Rheingold, 2002, p. xviii). As many agree, multimedia can be a means of communication, made more engaging by the inclusion of multiple senses simultaneously (Engeli, 2000, p.21). Swarms need real-time communication. We are connecting everything to everything, numerous small things connected together into a network can generate tremendous power. As Larry Keely of the Doblin Group says, “No one is as smart as everyone.”
03.4
Top down & Bottom up
The 1965 exhibition Architecture without Architects, shown at the MoMA: A short Introduction to Non-Pedigreed Architecture by Bernard Rudofsky,
provided a unique view into what Rudofsky defined as “communal vernacu-
lar,” “anonymous,” “spontaneous,””indigenous,” “rural,” “non-formal,” “non-classified” or “non-pedigreed” architecture. The point of the exhibition was the creation of an anonymous architecture, untutored builders who used their instincts (Nabian,2012,p.76). What seems to fascinate us in the Architecture without Architects, is intensity in which life unfolds itself at every level. The density of population forces people to communicate and negotiate social protocols. The needs triggers a local economy based on tinkering and sometimes hijacking processes. The very existence of such architectures provides a strong political stand towards its surrounding. The otherness of the territory allows a different legal and behavioral system to articulate itself. Christopher Alexander states:”Participation will create chaos”(p.45); however, last decade shows how new technologies can allow an unprecedented number of people to collaborate. Citizens used new internet platforms and new applications for their ubiquitous mobile devices to change resources back and forth from cyberspace to “cityscape” in a bottom-up organization of resistance (Nabian,2012,p.76). This democracy of information could allow people to participate in addressing and solvin g city challenges by a constant and spontaneous re-programing by its own inhabitants.
Le Corbusier La Ville Radieuse, Paris 1935
Photograph extracted from the book City of Darkness: Life in Kowloon Walled City by Greg Girard and IanLambot, Watermark, 1999
03.5
Events can make boundary
“The final meaning of any sequence is dependent on the relation space/event/movement. By extension, the meaning of any architectural situation depends on the relation S E M. The composite sequence s e m breaks the linearity of the elementary sequency, wether S, E, or M. ” Tschumi,1994
“A world governed less and less by boundaries and more and more by connections requires us to reimagine and reconsider the ethical foundations of design, engineering, and planning practice”
William J. Mitchell
“Me ++ : The cyborg self and the networked City,”
This project could be an example to express that architecture and urbanism can go far beyond the physical buildings and striking peculiarity of built environments.
For the Easter holiday, I made a conceptual animation which external tutors commented ‘where is project?’. In this animation, there is collective decision maker. After they act, or decide, the city will react. It is very similar to my previous collages, but it is quite a time-dependent narrative. The important thing is that there are a lot of events between private and public space. Dealing with questions about the boundary of public and private space is a strategic instrument to find out where my project is, behind this animation. If we say the space between is a hybrid space, it is hardly to avoid facing an infinitely spontaneous diverse and adaptive system of spatial control. In this complex city only architectural knowledge introduces the possibility?
03.6
Urban flexibility
Architecture is not only about buildings. Events make boundaries. First of all, I need to redefine boundary in urban contexts.
Flexible city _ Adaptable boundary _ Soft boundary (Hugon, 2012, P.50)
More importantly; the key is a connection between local, social, and electronic networks, due to the fact that spaces we are talking through are rooted in local networks. The answer is not easy.
Then, I thought about how urban flexibility can happen in the city continuously and spontaneously. These flexible activities can thrive within our city. Then I met Time Rabbit.
03.7
Time Rabbit
He leads all of my scenarios into a real project and spontaneous system.
“
“If you please – draw me a sheep!” said little prince, thinking not about real sheep, but a virtual one. For a virtual sheep requires very little space and can live a long time.
” George Flachbart and peter Weibel
04
SYSTEM
This collage exemplifies my entire project. Simply, the time rabbit emphasizes the time of space. Time is a solution for boundary and even sustainability. Space is used by people’s life pattern. On the other hand, just think about every space has a time pattern, and activities govern the space time pattern. During yellow time, yellow people’s activities will occupy the space; and for the blue moments, blue people use the space. It seems two different activities overlap each other simultaneously. The layers of different events can give more life to the space, activating it at all times. Two different ongoing programs in one space never meet each other, but parallel in different time zones. For the cityscape, sharing space at different times is not only about using it when it is empty but also creating new time layers where it is forgotten.
“All cities are always already smart. Their intelligence resides in the behaviors and the choices of the people who already live there, and make them what they are. And as a matter of fact, if we’re wise, we’ll build systems to harness and capture that intelligence and offer it back to people.” Urbanscale Director Adam Greenfield argues that all cities are already “smart,” but it is up to us to build
systems to capture that intelligence (Hope for Future Cities). “Software still interrupts us in these environments, and disconnects us from the meaningfulness of the physical moment. So that relationship between digital and physical has to become more sublime.� Frog creative director Scott Nazarian discusses the implications of integrating software with the urban environment, and the changing relationships between the digital and physical, the city and citizen (The Future of Cities). Next is to adopt this idea into the real context of the city, using the existing sharing systems that are already active at the moment. From case studies about sharing objects and space, we can learn how architecture can adopt technologies to embrace a new imaginary or model a new relationship.
04.1
Sharing case study
These examples, hopefully, begin to convey some of the ways in which the presence of existing shared objects and space systems implicate the potential of a shared space network. In the case of DVD, people used to buy it and use it once or twice before shelving, deactivating; it seems all objects have a life pattern. When shared, as much as an object is used, the usage of life remains active. In the research image, we see the sense of sharing, which means how much potential use objects such as DVDs, Cars, and Bicycles have; and have a higher sense of sharing than a house or flat. In order to share space, there are a lot of issues such as security, privacy, and moving a suitcase everyday. In my theory, sharing things is about creating a perspective to see objects as resources leading to a sustainable urban life that can be created
if we have begin to consider the built environment in terms of why
one material may be our city’s biggest resource, and at the same time the most static and inflexible material. For space sharing, one of the biggest issues might be privacy, thus the project could be tested in softer boundary conditions. Commercial buildings are considerably less privatized than housing, so for the project test site I chose one of the busiest commercial areas for not only the local natives but also tourists to easily access to the experience.
04.2
At
Hong Kong
These two images are the first impression sketches and a photo from when I visited Hong Kong illustrating the area’s life pattern. While in Hong Kong it was clear to observe how people’s movements are affected by their life patterns. Hong Kong is already a type of mass urbanism; a high-density urban environment, like Hong Kong, is characterized by mixed land uses, population and housing diversity, an efficient mass transit system and cheap public transport, and easy access to most facilities, all typical of a compact city-state. It should be an ideal base for consolidating other desirable New Urbanism concepts such as more open spaces, better housing options, pedestrian friendly neighborhoods or a cultural identity. However, a shortage of buildable land in the urban areas, and the question of how to use the existing space efficiently have raised new challenges. Achieving physical planning goals has to be integrated with the urgent need to make an existing program matrix to suggest double land usages. This project focuses on a sustainable space use optimization system for Hong Kong, as a means of exploring strategies to improve the living environment. A conventional approach to urban design is unlikely to provide a satisfactory outcome, thus an emerging option for Hong Kong is to build a network between neighborhood buildings so as to reinforce the mixed land use patterns in super rise buildings, and generate land for community uses and open spaces. A variety of design directions to achieve this are identified. In order to define my proposal with the terminology of urbanism, there might be some possibilities in existing urbanism nomenclature such as “Tactical Urbanism,” which is a pattern that features the following five characteristics: - A deliberate, phased approach to instigating change; - The offering of local solutions for local planning challenges; - Short-term commitment and realistic expectations; - Low-risks, with a possibly of high reward; and - The development of social capital between citizens and the building of organizational capacity between public-private institutions, non-profits, and their constituents.
ABOUT SITE
04.3
Proposal - Existing land use + Secondary land use
Don’t Waste Spaces, Share Them!
What would you change? Wireless devices can bring reputation systems into every gap of the social world. As the costs of communication, coordination, and social accounting services drop, these devices make possible new ways for people to self-organize mutual aid (Rheingold, p xx), and yet Archigram began to think big urban schemes were becoming a thing of the past.
A SYSTEM OF TENSION IN FREE SPACE A CHANGE OF SPACE INTO URBANISM NO FOUNDATIONS NO WALLS DETACHMENT FROM THE EARTH SUPPRESSION OF THE STATIC AXIS IN CREATING NEW POSSIBILITIES FOR LIVING IT CREATES A NEW SOCIETY
Archigram’s belief of this “indeterminist” could characterize the main concept of projects. And citizens could be redefined, not as consumers but to borrow Raymond William’s critical difference of the time as ‘user’
archigram,p.88). My solution is to enable networks the right to urban objects by opening up their
information gathering and handling processes to public scrutiny and intervention. The idea connects back to David Brin’s ‘city of open access’ concept, that sharing of data as public space is very spatial. This allows place-based communities to have targeted interventions into public sharing data pools, affecting each other symbiotically. To avoid a smart city where technologies determine urban form and civic participation, technology must be urbanized and its applications must be configured around local practices. In detail, every place has its own time table. The first one says existing use, the second one is proposed usage, and the third one is
a combination of usages. It could be easily used and understood. These six are
experiments for the proposal. There are existing uses, and than secondary programs can be installed when the places are not used or less used to sustain urban life. To make this happen spontaneously, there might be a need to suggest a new program matrix. Hypothetically, the time can be divided into the two dichotomies: weekday and weekend, and day and night. In accordance with these four times, the spaces might be used differently based upon how many people are present, what kind of activities are happening, and who use the places. As we can all agree, there seems be too many variable to define a space. Simply when is the space used is the main option to consider as the boundary can be introduced at different times.
04.4
Space Sustainability - Mixed use program matrix
How can communication technology help to create more sustainable cities? Successful urban design has everything to do with real quality of life and sustainability (Salingaros, p.15), basis of smart systems, and (3) the increased use of smart systems by the governments for surveillance purposes. Looking for the way forward to inclusive smart cities, he talked about a place-less infrastructure or network (mobile phones) and resources (open data) that empower people regardless of their physical property rights.
04.5
Hybrid Public Space - Sharing data as public
space
The public space used in this report covers a wide array; beyond the physical meaning of plazas, sidewalks, or parks, ideally public spaces are social settings. Jane Jacobs or Richard Sennett agree that the main definition of public space is the exposure to a various mix of people, lifestyles, and activities (Jacobs,1961: Senett, 1992). According to this perspective, there is no need to see any difference between physical and informational space. As we all can feel, online community sites like youtube has replaced the main tools for the physical protester with a camera and online sharing; though the differentiation between physical and virtual community spaces has already become outdated. The mobile technologies that afford us new flexibility in conducting our daily activities are simultaneously providing the means to study our activities in time and space. These latter evidences could be employed as indicators of the evolution of a public space’s attractiveness, amongst other things (Girardin et al, 2009). We are amidst a hybridizing process which modifies our individual, community, and territorial identities. The internet contributed to the global networks, but paradoxically it does not seem to influence local spheres. In this project I propose to share spaces among local people, as there might be a need and desire to share some information online somewhere within the local. This will develop more communication within neighborhoods and bring a physicality to networks. In this proposal online community activities can trigger physical activities, and increase a desire to design physical spaces. Where all these activities happen virtually, a physical public space can evolve for the local community to share information and meet for communication.
05
PLACES
The market is the most fundamental place for a local community. It can play the role of not only focal point for local people but also a cultural meeting place for tourists. At night the street is closed, where the street will be closed is determined according to the number of applicants, or occupants for the secondary programs. The market will appear at night then turn back to normal street function. At the same time, the fact that everybody can be the user of the space, the tourists and the locals can be providers and customers as an actor, activator, for the city. The sense of place for day time can also develop and evolve into a new sense of place for the night time market event.
05.1
Experiment 1 - Day Traffic & Night Market
Existing Land Use
Secondary Land Use
05.2
Experiment 2 - Weekend Church & Weekday Nursery
Existing Land Use
Churches are most used on the weekend. For weekdays the space is ready for an additional new program. Experimentally I located the nursery in office building as it could help working parents, but these two programs would begin to overlap the spatial usage. A nursery needs divided spaces for different age groups and activities. A new installation on the next rooftop can give other big spaces for flexible activities and still the roof top can be used as an outdoor space for kids.
Secondary Land Use
05.3
Experiment 3 - Weekday Office & Weekend Restaurant
05.4
Experiment 4 - Art Workshops & Gallery
After sharing spaces, we can earn some space. I can see more potential on rooftops rather than ground floors in the middle of busy city. This art workshops allow for very poor artists who want to meet visitors directly and need space to exhibit their work. Facades can become screens for the display of works of art, and become an immediate store front to sell them. For visitors they can meet artists directly and buy artwork helping to promote the art community. The structure can grow according to the number of applicant artists wanting to build their workshops in this environment.
05.1
Experiment 1 - Day Traffic & Night Market
Existing Land Use
Secondary Land Use
05.6
Experiment 6 - Day Car Park & Night Club
This car parking building is used normally at day time because the area is surrounded with offices buildings. The first floor is connected with a sky bridge for pedestrian access allowing for people to access the first floor of the car parking building. Locating a new program for at night time makes the space more lively at night, giving a life to the space when it would normally be vacant. The size, mood and music of the night club depends on who is in there. When people are in, they can be activating actors of the space.
Existing Land Use
Secondary Land Use
06
!
Current Land Use
Conclusion - Double landuse
*
Potential time flexibility buildings
My project began with the forgotten spaces that are not fully utilized during all times of day or week. I propose that a sharing space system at different times might be a generative tool for creating urban adaptable flexibility. Suggestions found in expert literature for dealing with this complex point towards developing design tools and methods structured under the concept of flexibility. Spaces can become richer by different events or activities happening at the time. It could give a rise to the sense of place, and communication between people and spaces getting easier.
Cities are non-linear systems. It seems quite complex not only to manage but also to design even involve as an active actor. Local and global agents generate unpredictable behaviors which tend to make cities into more sophisticated open systems. As I mentioned at the beginning, urban animal seems to be an organic system with technologies. The role of the smart citizens which has sensors with in real-time has been getting higher and higher. They rise up to the surface in Information Era and modern society network getting connected more and more. However the physical space where we live still has hard boundary. In order to introduce soft bound-
+
Plus potential Secondary Use
∞
Double usable urban Land Use
ary, this project introduces Time Rabbit to share space at different times. Local spaces can be places where Virtual networked community can play a role as real urban actors. Spaces normally do not necessarily have time tables, but this report indicates every space has its own time table which is under used. Adding different time layers to spaces forgotten to be used could make spaces more lively and rich, and enhance the urban environment.
At the urban scale, in order to make that happen spontaneously, there might need to be a new type of double use program matrix. Further, land and building use for the city might be added according to sharing space such as carparking - nightclub.
As cities have become more complex and sophisticated, designers have to play a role in creating a sustainable cityscape rather than merely making physical urban morphologies.