Coconut Express Spring II 13 by HELP

The Coc nut Express Spring II 2013

Welcome to The Coc nut Express!

is with great pride and joy that we present this first online edition of The Coconut Express, which showcases the work of the wonderful students of the Hawaiʻi English Language Program (HELP) at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.

In this issue: 100 Level: p. 2 Hawaii’s Souvenirs 300 Level: p. 10 Learning a Third Language p. 12 Tattoos p. 14 Chinese Censorship

HELP is an intensive academic English language program run by the Department of Second Language Studies at the University of Hawai'i at Mānoa. The Coconut Express was created for HELP students to learn the basics of newspaper writing and publishing. It also serves as a way for students to present the best of their written classwork. In this issue, compositions are divided by their academic level.

Message from the Director Aloha! Welcome to the first online edition of the Coconut Express! For many years, the Coconut Express has served the HELP ohana as a way for students to feature their writing skills. As we teach the writing process of drafting and revising and getting feedback and revising again, students learn the skills they will need to succeed in their future use of written English. We encourage students at all levels to submit their writing to be included in the Coconut Express. By getting published in the Coconut Express, they have the thrill of knowing that their writing is being read by many. Now that the Coconut Express is online, the readership is truly global. Enjoy reading—and send us feedback about what you have read! Joel Weaver

Level 100 The students of HELP 142W conducted research on popular souvenirs in Hawaii. Read how they did their research and what they discovered.

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Page 2 - Kona coffee and Hawaiian quilt

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ABC Store

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Page 4 - Macadamia Nuts

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Hilo Hattie

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Page 5 - Aloha shirt

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Longs Drags

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Page 6 - Macadamia Nut Chocolates and Home Delivery of Souvenirs

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Walmart

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Page 8 - Cookies and Cosmetics

compare the same products at “Don Quijote” , Don Quijote’s are cheaper by about $1. The costs of goods sold at ABC stores, or shops in hotels are almost same. The coffees that are sold in Waikiki are small sizes, but Walmart’s and Don Quijote’s are big sizes. Therefore, actually, I can’t compare prices, and probably local people buy big ones, I think. In Waikiki, I saw a lot of packages. For example, the things like 3 for $10, cans, for 1 cups, drip type, jar’s, or boxes. Targets of Waikiki are tourists, but targets of supermarkets are local people. We can buy Kona coffee anywhere, but we need to choose it by purpose.

Souvenir research Kona Coffee and Hawaiian Quilt Kona coffee and Hawaiian quilts are famous as a souvenir of Hawaii. If someone receives them, they will be satisfied with it. Because they can imagine easily that it is a souvenir of Hawaii. Why are two of them famous in Hawaii? Kona coffee is famous because it is made only in Kona, Hawaii. Moreover, it is rare because the amount of production is too small. That is why Kona coffee is valuable, and popular for tourists. To research, I went to Ala Moana center, ABC stores in Waikiki, the stores in some hotels, DFS galleria, Walmart, and Don Quijote to research. When I researched at some shops, I saw many kinds of Kona coffees. And I often saw “LION coffee”, “Royal Kona,” or “Hawaiian Isles” etc. They likely are popular ones. We can buy Kona coffee anywhere in their shops, which means we do not need to look for a shop to buy it. But their types, package sizes, or prices are different. If you need to choose them, you have to look for a shop. Kona coffees that are sold at DFS are the most expensive. The costs are about $15 to $35. Of course, their packages look beautiful. So they will be a formal souvenir. Kona coffees that are sold at “Don Quijote” are the cheapest. The costs are about $5 to $15. We can also buy it cheaper at Walmart. But when we

The reason why Hawaiian quilts are famous is they are traditional. They came from patchwork quilts from wives of missionaries of Europe in the 1820s. Then people in Hawaii rearranged the quilt. Traditional

Hawaiian quilts have two colors, and designs are Hawaiian plants or the sea, but we can see colorful ones nowadays. I visited three shops and I asked some questions to the sales person in the shops. According to the people, young people like small stuffs, like purses and pouches. Older people like bags or cushion covers. The cost is different. Costs of small stuffs are around $10 to $20. Bags or cushion covers are $50 to $60. Interestingly, Japanese and Americans have different tastes. Japanese like finished products, but Americans like making things, so they prefer to buy a pattern and make it. The shops in Waikiki were casual, but the shop in Ala Moana was more formal. From like these things, tourists who came to Hawaii choose and buy Kona coffee or Hawaiian quilts.

like 100%, because I have drank 10%. Then I felt it is not tasty. When I drank 100%, I thought, “This is good!” Besides, other people have said same things too. Therefore I expected most people to like 100% Kona coffee. The result was my prediction was correct. I got good result by them. 11 people answered my questions. Two of them liked 10%, but the others liked 100%. I did not tell them which is 10% and which is 100%. Most people said Kona coffee is more bitter than normal coffee in the questionnaire. And 10% Kona coffee is more bitter than 100%. Kona coffee is bitter, but also tasty. If some people say do not like Kona coffee, the people may had drank 10%. 10% means it is mixed with another coffee. 90% of it is made from different coffee. So, it might depend on the blend I gave them a question on No.4. “Why do you think Kona coffee is more expensive than normal coffee?” They know that Kona coffee is expensive, but do not know the details of why it is expensive. About the details: Reason 1. High quality. Reason 2. Scarcity value. Reason 3. High labor costs to people to make Kona coffee. Kona coffee is scarcity. That is why is a coffee include 10% Kona, They can called that Kona coffee

Taste Test (about Kona coffee) I conduct a survey by questionnaire on April 17 to HELP students, teachers and office staff. The questions were: 1. Which coffee did you like better? Why? 2. Do you usually drink coffee? When? 3. How are normal coffee and Kona coffee different? 4. Why do you think Kona coffee is more expensive than normal coffee?

Coffee is usually included caffeine. So some people drink coffee in the morning, but I asked to students. Therefore some people drink coffee after dinner, during study. There is an interesting answer here. Most people liked 100%, but the reasons were different. Some people liked 100% Kona say because it is a little bitter or strong. But the reverse, the two people who did not like

I prepared Hawaiian isles coffee “PR Kona Dark French Roast” for 10%. “100% Pure Kona” for 100%. I wanted to know about “Which do people feel tasty 10% Kona coffee or 100 % Kona coffee. And why is it?” I

100% said 10% is bitter. They have different sensations. Anyway it is true that most people liked 100% Kona.

acres in South Africa. The hybrid grown in New Zealand produces the most expensive macadamia nuts in the world; the Beaumont sp. does not drop its macadamias, so they are expensive to harvest and are also among the finest in flavor

Macadamia Nuts In the world of nuts and berries, macadamia nuts are almost as precious as gold. These delicious, exotic nuts with their rich flavor and oil are considered delicacies and are served as dessert nuts. They are popular gifts at holiday times, both alone and when covered with chocolate. They are prized as souvenirs from Hawaii, and, thanks to Mrs. Fields' cookies, macadamia and chocolate chip cookies have brightened many afternoons at the local mall. Macadamia nuts are associated in the minds of most Americans with Hawaii. Macadamias are a commercial crop in Hawaii, but they originated in northeastern Australia in the rain forests along the coast. The demand for the rich nuts has outstripped growers' ability to produce them. Consequently, growers in many other countries including New Zealand, Zimbabwe, Malawi, South Africa, Kenya, Israel, Guatemala, Brazil, Mexico, and Costa Rica have begun planting large orchards. In the United States, California and Florida boast macadamia crops, along with Hawaii.

ă&#x192;ťDesign Macadamia nuts are sold in jars and cans for home consumption. These nuts have been roasted in oil in the factory and salted. Unsalted nuts are also packed for commercial use, primarily by bakeries. The flavor of the nuts is well suited for use in many kinds of desserts. Design can become elaborate if the nuts are used in candies, cookies, and other products. A wide variety of desserts, souvenirs of the islands, and other treats containing macadamias are available on the market; some are byproducts of the macadamia nut processors, but, more often, other firms use the nuts as ingredients in their own product lines.

ă&#x192;ťHistory The macadamia nut was discovered by British colonists in Queensland, Australia, in 1857. Walter Hill, who was the Director of the Botany Garden in Brisbane, found one of the nuts, cracked it open using a vise, and planted the seed. This "first" macadamia nut tree is still growing and producing nuts, although typically the trees only produce for about 70 years. Today, Mauna Loa Macadamia Nut Corporation is the largest manufacturer of macadamia nuts in the world. The firm's plantation was founded in 1948, the trees began to bear fruit in 1954, and the first commercial crop was harvested and processed in 1956. Over 10,000 acres of rich, volcanic soil host Mauna Loa's orchards. The single largest planting is not in Hawaii but on 3,700

Macadamia nuts are an excellent source of iron, calcium, vitamin B, and phosphorus. Although they contain 7380% fat, the fat is mono saturated or "good" and as acceptable as olive oil in many diets. Although macadamias have many healthful properties, their unusually rich flavor, crunch, and comingling with chocolate in a bounty of forms make them favorites among gourmets and snackers alike. Good taste is always in style, so the future of the macadamia nut is promising indeed. Macadamia nuts are an excellent source of iron, calcium, vitamin B, and phosphorus. Although they contain 73-80% fat, the fat is mono saturated or "good" and as acceptable as olive oil in many diets. Although macadamias have many healthful properties, their unusually rich flavor, crunch, and comingling with chocolate in a bounty of forms make them favorites among gourmets and snackers alike. Good taste is

always in style, so the future of the macadamia nut is promising indeed.

3) What interesting things did you notice? Too many people didn’t answer number 3 question.

Aloha shirt The aloha shirt is a very famous souvenir in Hawaii. Hawaii has many aloha shirts shops. I like aloha shirts, but I don’t have aloha shirts. So, I researched good aloha shirt shops on the internet. I found a good aloha shirt shop. The shop's name is BAILEY’S ANTIQUES & ALOHA SHIRTS on Kapahulu Avenue. That shop was founded in 1980, so that shop has many aloha shirts, 15,000 shirts. The aloha shirts have many brands, but I don’t know famous brands. The aloha shirts had a golden age in 1940 since 1960, so today vintage aloha shirts are very expensive. That shop's most expensive shirt is $8,000 because it was made 60 years ago, and the shirt is handmade

Taste Test (about Macadamia Nuts) I have completed 13 questionnaires. The questionnaires have 3 questions. Question 1) “Which one taste better (original or honey)? Why? The results were that, 4 people choose original and 9 people chose honey. Almost all people said the original or a honey taste was good.

The vintage shirts' buttonhole is a side hole, and the button material is made of natural material like shells, coconuts, or wood. That shop has secondhand aloha shirts and new aloha shirts. I think secondhand shirts are cheap, and new shirts have a nice price. I don’t know the price, so I must go to that shop. I want to buy two aloha shirts. Aloha shirts are interesting because my home country has very similar aloha shirts. My country is Okinawa. Okinawa’s shirt name is Kariyushi shirts. The Kariyushi means happy. Okinawan worker clothes is Kariyushi in the summer, and Okinawan people wear Kariyushi at funerals. The aloha shirt and Kariyushi have different designs. Kariyushi's famous design's name is Bingata. The Bingata was a symbol to noblemen, so it is very cool. Kariyushi is very formal and cool. So, I love aloha shirts, and I liked this topic.

Question 2) “What do you thought is a reasonable price for 1 bag (1.1 oz.) macadamia nuts?” The results were that, 3 people thought less than $1, 3 people thought about $1.5 and 7 people thought $2 or more. Question 3) “If you get a souvenir of macadamia nuts, which package (can or bag) do you like?” The results were that, 3 people chose bag package, 5 people choose can package and 5 people wrote wrong answer. People who chose can package thought it was easy to keep and it can recycle or remake something such as coin bank and pencil vase. .Choose bag package people think if both is same weight; bag package is cheaper than can package Reflection: 1) Was the event successful? Why? Not very successful. It is because have many people didn’t know the meaning of question number 3. I need show the pictures to solve. 2) What did you learn from the data? How will you use it for your report? I learned HELP students like honey more than original taste macadamia nuts. I will use these questionnaires to make HELP students’ statistics from the survey and information categories of macadamia nuts.

Macadamia Nut Chocolates and Home Delivery of Souvenirs I’d like to introduce macadamia nut chocolates and souvenir home delivery in this article. Some Japanese tourists need to buy a lot of souvenirs. For example, like a couple on honeymoon. They bring a lot of souvenirs to relatives and friends who came to the wedding. However, there are some people that need a lot of souvenirs in an amount they can’t take home. In this case, they can order home delivery of souvenirs in Japan if they can afford the price. If they ordered souvenirs by this system, they don’t have to bring back a lot of souvenirs by themselves from Hawaii. This service is very useful for people like the honeymooner. However, when using this system, the souvenir price increases from the usual price of the same thing in Hawaii by 10%. In addition, this service is limited to Japan only as far as I know.

Design competition (about Aloha shirt) My souvenir report is aloha shirts. I think aloha shirts topic is very difficult and hard. I worked hard, but I did my best because I didn’t know detail things about aloha shirt. I enjoyed souvenir research souvenir. My before imagination is not interesting because my souvenir is aloha shirts. It is not food, so I am very worry. But many people came to my questionnaire things in that event. Then research result is very interesting. Because almost people like to color is blue, so I am surprised. And Okinawa’n shirt is not popular, so I am surprised and shock. Then most popular brand is Reyn Spooner, and second popular is Tommy Bahama. Then third is Okinawa’n shirts. Next question, Where do you want to wear aloha shirts? Then almost said wedding, some party, or graduation. Another question Hawaii, Okinawa, the beach, the work, dinners, or lunch. After that event, I was very happy because HELP’s students are very kind. I appeal for Okinawa’n things, so also I was happy.

Macadamia nut chocolate is one of the most famous Hawaiian souvenirs in Japan. Many Japanese may have eaten this chocolate. Souvenirs of macadamia nut chocolates are preferred by many Japanese. There are a lot of macadamia nut chocolate package sizes and brands. The brands of macadamia nut chocolates are “Hawaiian host,” “Island princess,” and “Hawaiian sun” etc. The shelf life of most chocolate is about one year. According to the Wikipedia website, currently, the most popular macadamia nut chocolate is manufactured by “Hawaiian host.” Macadamia nut chocolates manufactured by Hawaiian host are made with a special blend of rich milk chocolate. This chocolate is smooth and delicious. We can get macadamia nut chocolates manufactured by Hawaiian host in a lot of places in Hawaii. If you want to buy these macadamia nut chocolates cheaper, I recommend Don-Quijote. This shop has many kinds of macadamia nut chocolates like in the attached photo. You can save a lot of money at

-Brand1, Reyn Spooner → 9 point 2, Tommy Bahama → 7 point 3, Okinawa’n shirts → 3 point Colors1. Blue 2. yellow 3. black 4. green earthy orange white beige

→ 14 point → 4 point → 3 point → 1 point → 1 point → 1 point → 1 point → 1 point

this shop if you want a lot of macadamia nut chocolates. For example, an 8oz package of macadamia nut chocolates manufactured by Hawaiian host is $7.49. This price is $1 cheaper than the usual price. If you want to buy in a larger quantity, you should buy a set of six packs. This set's (6 boxes) price is $43.99. On the other hand, if you don’t need that much, there are also two chocolates that are packed in a bag at this shop. According to the advertisement of Hawaiian host for Japanese tourists, sweet life is started by eating these products. Please look for the macadamia nut chocolates which fit your purpose. We can also buy macadamia nut chocolates from Amazon.com and AlohaDreamKitchen.com. However, the price is different between these sites. For example, a 7oz package of macadamia nut chocolates manufactured by Hawaiian host is $9.99 at Amazon.com. Additionally, these items are eligible for free shipping with qualifying orders over $25. However, the same one is $6.95 at AlohaDreamKitchen.com. However, shipping is not included. Shipping is about $6 for both companies and shipping prices are determined by weight on both websites. (Information from Amazon.com & AlohaDreamKitchen.com)

Some people choose "Hawaiian host" explained that this brand's chocolate is the most famous and taste was traditional. On the other hand, some people choose "Hawaiian sun" explained that this brand's chocolate has different kinds of nuts and taste from the other two brands. People who chose "Island princess" explained that this brand's name and package of chocolate is cute and tastes sweeter than others. People eat macadamia nut chocolates when they get stressed, become tired, need some energy, and be upset. And there were different reasons to eat. One of the reasons is that they want to eat for happy time. People usually bought macadamia nut chocolates at Walmart, Longs Drugs store, and other markets. According to questionnaire answers, these stores are conveniently located and reasonably priced.

Cookies and Cosmetics There are many cookies and cosmetics in Hawaii. Three cookie brands are Chip & Cookie, The Cookie Corner, and Honolulu Cookie Company. Chip & Cookie closed up shop in Waikiki. But this shop is in Kailua. The Cookie Corner's most popular product is the Window Box. It is $8.50, so it is cheap. It comes in a cardboard box. I can buy it in Waikiki, Ala Moana, and Kahala Mall, and so on. There are cardboard boxes and cans. Family, women, and young girls buy them. The Cookie Corner's cookies are round. Honolulu Cookie Company's most popular product is the Premium Collection Pearl Green Pineapple Gift Box. It is $6.95, so it is cheap. Other items are $4.95~$330.00. It comes in a cardboard box. I can buy it in Waikiki, Ala Moana, and so on. There are cardboard boxes, plastics boxes, and vinyl. Family, men, and women buy them. The cookie's shape is a pineapple. Honolulu Cookie Company's products are the same price at all stores Cosmetics are a kind of product. A cheap product is most popular for family and friends. But name brand of luxury cosmetics is mine. It is plastics case and paper. Many cheap cosmetics are $4.59~$15.30, but they are different from another stores. For example is a nail polish. Many women buy nail polish at ABC Store, Ala

Taste Test (about Macadamia Nut Chocolates) I prepared three bands of Macadamia Nut Chocolates for tasting test. The brand’s names were "Hawaiian host", "Island princess", and "Hawaiian sun." These chocolates’ prices were almost same but these chocolates’ tastes were a little different. So, I wanted to know which chocolate would be chosen by students and teachers. And I also wanted to know why they would choose the chocolate brand. In the result of tasting test, there was a variety of people's sense of value about macadamia nut chocolate. Each brand was chosen almost equally. I guessed that people's sense of value about macadamia nut chocolates would be the same before tasting test. However, five people recommended each band of Macadamia nut chocolates "Hawaiian host" and "Hawaiian sun" in this time. And four people recommended "Island princess."

Moana, or another store. A nail polish is $5.25 in ABC Store, or $6.15 in Ala Moana. Same product’s price is different by another price. But we can buy ABC Store, Waikiki, and another store. Many luxury cosmetics are $15.25~$215. There are bottle, box, tube, plastics case, and paper. Women and girl’s group buy them. People buy effect, quality, and nice to look.

$20, I will be able to buy almost things. Next, there are sunscreens or beach mats at the entrance. Macadamia nuts, the chocolates, coffee or another food are around the cashier. Then clothes such as aloha shirts, T-shirts or hats, souvenirs except food, or daily products are around the corner of the shop. Third, at ABC stores, we can use Japanese Yen. But, you cannot use money from different country. You can use only Japanese Yen. I saw the signs in various parts at the store. Fourth, they have variety of sizes or brands of souvenirs. I looked at “2 for 5” or a gift set in 6 boxes. They are a little cheap, so tourists can save their money. ABC stores are very convenience stores everybody can go casual, nowadays.

Stores selling souvenir research ABC store I researched souvenir of Hawaii that are sold at ABC stores in Ala Moana Shopping Center. There are a lot of types of souvenirs there. For instance, they have food, accessories, cosmetics, cloths, stationary, Hawaiian Quilts, or Ukuleles. ABC stores is a chain of convenience stores based in Hawaii that sells souvenirs. I will introduce you to three things I liked in ABC stores. First, they have small boxes of macadamia nuts chocolates. There are 5 or 6 chocolates in the box. Their kinds of chocolates are various. They have even Hello Kitty designs. The reason why I like these souvenirs is because they are small. As for me, I think souvenirs show gratitude and prove that you traveled. If I receive a souvenir from someone, a little is enough. Besides if I buy souvenirs, I will choose small something. Small things are cheap and not heavy, therefore I can buy many and give them to a lot of people. Also, aloha designed memo pads are sold. If I receive this from someone, I can use that. And this is effective as extra souvenirs. Last, Hawaiian quilt goods. These are useful, because some of them are kitchen goods or purses. In addition, they are cute and traditional. If I get this from someone, I will feel happy. I like chocolates, aloha designed memo pads, and Hawaiian quilts for the same reason. You can imagine Hawaii easily, and both people who buy and get souvenirs will feel better. If you buy souvenir in end of the year or beginning of the year, calendars will be good souvenirs. They are cheap and have 12 Hawaii pictures. When my family came to Hawaii this January, they bought many calendars as souvenirs. They are cheap, light and useful. When I walked around the ABC stores, I noticed some. First, the costs of products are $5-30. If I have

Hilo Hattie Hilo Hattie in Ala Moana Shopping Center has too many souvenirs. If you have children you can buy some toys in here. There men’s footwear is too old fashioned, but women’s footwear looks good. Some clothes are very expensive but some discount clothes are cheap and look good. Hilo Hattie has Hawaii specialty products like Kukui nut leis, plastic key chains, photo albums with Hawaii pictures, coconut peanut butter, Kona coffee and Kukui nut moisturizing lotion.

In here, I like food souvenirs (macadamia nuts, coffee and butter). It is because food is more useful than other souvenirs. I don’t like to buy another souvenirs is my main reason. I think souvenirs are more expensive than simple goods and there are not practical. <Price> Aloha shirts $ 12.99 – 74.00 Toys $ 5.99 – 29.99 Dawgs footwear $ 19.99 – 30.99 Fine jewelry $ 19.99 – 34.99 Bath & body $ 7.59 – 34.99 Macadamia nuts $ 4.69 – 11.99

Coffee $ 6.99 – 17.99 Coconut peanut butter $ 12.00 Bags $ 1.99 – 10.99 Photo albums $ 3.49 – 18.99

Walmart I researched store selling souvenir. I chose Walmart in Ala Moana. Walmart in Ala Moana is a very large store and it has a variety of souvenir. For example, I found hard-wood bowls, key holders, Hawaii’s calendar, T-shirts, caps, aloha-shirts, chocolates, macadamia nuts, and coffee. Some of them were cheaper than other stores. For example, the price of Kona-coffee (10oz) was $5.36. This price looks like the cheapest price around here. There are so many souvenirs at Walmart. However, we can find that some souvenirs are not made in Hawaii. For example, hard-wood bowls are made in the Philippines and T-shirts are made in China. However, this is not to unique to Hawaii. Of course, if it was made in Hawaii, it is better than if it was made in foreign countries. The important point is if the person who got a souvenir is delighted or not. If one of your friends likes chocolates, you should choose chocolate for your friend as good souvenir. On the other hand, if your friend likes coffee, you can choose coffee for your friend. If you and your friend both like coffee, you buy the several types of coffee and enjoy a variety of coffee brands with your friend. So, what do you need to do that? You need brands and products of many kinds of souvenirs. Walmart has many kinds of products and brands souvenirs. Therefore, you will be able to find the best souvenir for you and your friends at Walmart.

Longs Drugs April 22th, I went to Ala Moana shopping center because I research for Hawaii’s souvenir shop. Then my researching shop is Longs Drugs. I like Longs because Longs is almost cheaper than other shops. Longs user is not only local people. I think knowledge things about Hawaii. That people go to the Longs then buying some souvenir or household goods. Longs has many cosmetics, but I don’t have to interest so didn’t check a cosmetics price. Ala Moana’s Longs is more convenient for tourist because many kind Hawaii’s souvenirs. I saw chocolate department then too much chocolate kind. Maybe, tourist is confuse in Longs. If you want to buy souvenir? You should go to the Ala Moana’s Longs I have not decision to do souvenir, so more research souvenir.

Level 300 HELP students at the 300 level review paragraph writing and then quickly move on to writing different styles of academic essays. These styles include narrative, process, cause and effect, persuasive, comparison/contrast, opinion, and argument. They also learn about summarizing, paraphrasing, quoting sources, and creating a list of works citied.

study third language besides English in high school. For example in Asia, Taiwan has one system. In Taiwan, in 2008-2009, 197 high schools, which is 61% of high school in Taiwan, have second language class and 29,377 students are learning second language. Also, they have option to choose language what they want like Japanese, Spanish, Italy and Korean. Not only Taiwan, but also Korea has similar system. In Korea, 1715 high school, which is 55.2％of high school in Korea, teach Japanese as second language. Therefore, other countries are starting the new education. In the same way Japanese high school should require student to take third language class to keep up with other countries education. Second reason is that third language might have countless opportunities for student’s future. Learning foreign language tend to spread knowledge and understanding of other cultures. Moreover these studies can benefit a career. Some students might be interested in new culture. Not to get English is no influence for learning new language. On the contrary, learning new language might make you feel English is easier than starting to get new language or you might change your concept for English (Tokyo University, n.d.). Actually, some students think they want to study third language. For instance, if some students start to study foreign language, not English, by them when they are in high school. Because they don’t have third language class, they have to study by themselves. Before students have a chance to learn a language they don’t feel interested in learning it. However, after they have the opportunity to learn, they soon become more motivated. Then they might start to search and they could know about new culture. Moreover, some students who don’t want to study English might feel third language is easier than English or third language is much interesting than English., On the other hand, Opponents might think people can learn about other cultures through the internet or book. Due to development of technology, we can search

Japanese high schools should require student to take third language class by Mana Okamoto Why do student have to study foreign language? What is the purpose to learn foreign languages? Learning foreign language has good chance to access to other country. All university in Japan has system that students can learn new language besides English As for high school in Japan, few schools have system that can learn third language. If Students are interested in many foreign languages, they would be able to understand completely about global. There are some reasons why Japanese high school should require students to take third language. First reason is that only learning English is not important and not enough. Language is not only English in the world. “Foreign languages are important as the foundations of learning in general. Education of English and other foreign languages is one of the pillars of liberal arts education” (Tokyo University, n.d.).Nowadays Chinese economy has been developing rapidly. Despite of this, although they think speaking English is the most important thing Japanese, especially students have started to think they have to learn Chinese besides English. Because many companies need someone who can speak foreign language other than English. It shows speaking English has been becoming general education in the world. In other words, only learning English is not important and not enough. However, opponents might think English is common language in the world and the most important language. Using English is basic way to communicate with foreign people in the world. If people can speak English, they can communicate with most people in the world. So, students don’t have to study third language. "To worry about globalization without supporting a big increase in language learning is laughable"(Haven, 2011). In contrast, some countries started to set system to

anything that we want to know. Students don’t need to study language to understand different culture. Some people may think third language class might be inefficient work for students. Moreover, opponents might think that learning new language is waste of time because some people think if schools have third language class, students should use these time for studying English. This is more useful way. In fact, it is not useful way. Why do opponents think only English is important? "English has become the universal language if you spend your life in airports and international hotels. It's not the lingua franca of humanity. It's a fairy tale we tell ourselves." High school students should experience many languages and have opportunity to find new cultures. If students start to learn new language, they would be interested in new country and new discovery would change their life because it provides a global perspective, widening understanding of the greater world (Ellis-Christensen, n.d.).Therefore high school should set third language class to help student’s future. As for last reason, learning new language gives opportunity to students to get second thought about native culture and language. Not only knowing foreign language is to find new culture but also it provides opportunity to think about native culture. To have third points of view will help student’s future (Tokyo University, n.d.). “The new language provides a constant basis for comparison that monolingual speakers simply don’t possess.” (Ellis-Christensen, n.d.). Most students will improve a better sense of things like native vocabulary, usage, grammar and style as they compare it to a different communication system (Ellis-Christensen, n.d.). Finally, why do students have to study third language in high school? It is simple. It is too early for junior high school students to study third language. In junior high school in Japan, learning English is fundamental for students as foreign language (Ministry of Education, n.d.). Students just starts to learn English, so they have to concentrate in English first. High school is the best time to learn third language because Ministry allows students to study third language in high school (Ministry of Education, n.d.).In addition student’s brain is still flexible and they can get new language easily. Furthermore starting in high school means students has a chance to learn more deeply at the college level or they could learn a third language at a university. They might learn and develop their language skill much more efficiently in university. This could give those benefits like increased knowledge and cultural

competency, and more rewarding travel and career opportunities (Ellis-Christensen, n.d.). There are many reasons why do high schools in Japan should require student to learn third language. To learn language has many good effects for students. It would definitely help their future and society in Japan. If Japanese students could be fluent in multiple languages, Japanese would be able to survive in this generation when only global person are required and they can survive in the world today. Ministry of Education in Japan has to revision content of education in high school to make it more effectively for students.

References Ellis-Christensen(n,d) Edited By: Jessica Seminara wiseGEEK clear answers for common questions: What Are the Benefits of Learning a Foreign Language in High School? http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-the-benefits-oflearning-a-foreign-language-in-high-school.htm Haven, C. (2011, May 5). STANDFORD UNIVERSITY NEW SERVICE: A second language for every high school student, Stanford's Russell Berman say http://news.stanford.edu/pr/2011/pr-secondlanguage-berman-050611.html Ministry of Education: International Education http://www.mext.go.jp/english/elsec/1303533.htm Ministry of Education: International Education Division http://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/shotou/newcs/youryou/chu/gai.htm Tokyo University of Science: Foreign language http://www.rs.kagu.tus.ac.jp/ky/en/gaikokugo.html Yoshimi, I. (2009, 20 July) IROHA: Japanese education of high school in Taiwan http://www.koryu.or.jp/taipei/ez3_contents.nsf/15/a7 760cb45cc823fc49257aa600340f99/$FILE/IROHA2 8.pdf

Young adults shouldn’t have tattoos

Secondly, if you are planning to have a tattoo, the tattoo will make it harder for you to find a job. For years, many people associate tattoos with gangs or bikers. Even though tattoos are gaining wider social acceptance today, it still has bad image in work place. According to Aaron Gouveia (2013), of about 2700 people, only 12% of them have a visible tattoo that can be seen by managers during workday because 76% of respondents feel tattoos can hinder applicants from being hired during a job interview. Furthermore, more than one-third of respondents believe that employees who have tattoos give a bad influence to their employers. That shows us some people still think tattoos are offensive. If a person with a big tattoo on his body came for a job interview, what an employer may think? The employer may be less likely to hire him. Employers cannot discriminate against religion, ethnicity, sex, and race, but they can discriminate against tattoo. Actually, many employers are against tattoo, and it’s not illegal. Employers have a right to have a dress code of his/her company. If you took a job interview with a tattoo, and the company doesn’t allow tattoos, your manager may not hire you only because of your tattoo (Whickson, n.d.). According to Vault.com, about 60% of employers said they are less likely to hire someone who has visible tattoos, said Megan Hein (n.d.). Half of the employers have a lower opinion of someone who has a visible body art (Brown, 2012). The reason is obvious. The employers don’t want their companies to be valued lower and are afraid of the possibility that the employees with tattoo can give a bad influence to their companies. Someone might say that if a company doesn’t allow visible tattoos, then just cover them up. If nobody didn’t see it, tattoo is not problem for a job at all. Also, many workers may wear long pants and a shirt during work, so they can cover their tattoo up. Another person might say that if tattoos were small, and the person got it on a place nobody can see it during work, such as back or butt, tattoos don’t matter to get a job. Admittedly, people with tattoos can get a job by covering it up, but still you shouldn’t have it because you will not be promoted. Upper management may not have tattoo on their body (Whickson, n.d.). The high level public jobs such as bank, government, or an education institution are stricter about tattoos. The company that you really want to work may not allow any tattoos. Anyway, if you don’t have any tattoos on your body, that would be the best possible thing. You shouldn’t have a tattoo because your tattoos increase the possibility of getting diseases. Tattooing means injuring your skin, so it can be a reason to cause

by Haruka Saeki Recently, tattoos have become increasingly popular especially among young adults because they think tattoos are cool, or they want to go along with their friends to trend. Actually, 36% of Americans who are 18-25 years old have at least one tattoo, and 40% of Americans who are 26-40 years old have at least one tattoo (Gen Next survey, 2006). However, unfortunately, many people who have tattoos regret getting tattoos. People, especially young adults, shouldn’t have tattoos for many reasons even though recently the number of people with tattoos has been increasing. First, tattoo is permanent body art. It’s totally different from pierced earrings or dying hair. You can’t remove it easily or quickly like earrings, and can’t change design frequently like dying hair, even if you want. If you didn’t like your tattoo when you get it, or if a tattoo artist makes a mistake, what would you think? Your personality, taste, or style might change after you get a tattoo, then you might not like your tattoo any more. You would regret having had a tattoo on your body. Charles Bankhead (2013) said 31% of his survey respondents regret getting their tattoos. Interestingly, men regret about their tattoos twice as much as women, especially men who got their first tattoos before 16 years of age regret it more. Some people might say if the tattoo that you got is small, it could be covered with cosmetics or an adhesive plaster. It’s also true that tattoos can be removed safely. Medical technology has been developing recently, so people who want to remove their tattoos can do so by using laser surgery. So people might think they can just go to a beauty clinic if they want to remove their tattoo. However, removing tattoo costs a lot of money. For example, it costs about $49 per square inch for a laser treatment, and requires 15 trips to the clinic because tattoos can’t be removed all at once. Furthermore, unfortunately, tattoos cannot be removed perfectly, and removing them is a painful process. Also, how perfectly it is removed depends on color. If your tattoo color was black or red, you are lucky because those colors are the easiest to remove. In contrast, green, blue, and purple are hard to remove. What colors you have to know before you get tattoo are yellow and some shades of pink. They are impossible to erase by laser (Vartanian, 2012). As I told, laser can’t remove perfectly, so if you want to remove your tattoo completely, you have to transplant your skin, and it costs more than laser surgery.

some diseases. Tattoos increase risk of getting hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, and other blood-borne diseases. That occurs because instruments are contaminated with infected blood or used on more than one person without proper hygiene techniques. Interestingly, getting more tattoos increases the risk of disease. The possibility of disease links with the number of tattoos (University of British Columbia, 2010). Moreover, tattoo cause swelling or burning on tattoo area during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams rarely, and its pigments can meddle with the quality of the image (Mayo clinic.com, n.d.). It could be argued that if all equipment is new and germfree, people will not get infections and allergic reactions because the reason for blood-borne diseases is unsterilized equipment. Some tattoo parlors use disposable needles to protect against diseases. Even if instruments were new and germfree, there are still other problems. Tattoo dyes can cause allergic skin reactions. Many people may get acute inflammatory allergic reaction that the skin becomes red, swollen, and irritated, but that is not serious reaction. It is abated within two or three weeks (Diana Rodriguez, n.d.). Other allergic reactions are such as redness, rash, swelling, pain, and pus. The reason of those reactions is that you may be allergic to one of the ingredients and chemicals in ink. Iron oxide, mercury sulfide, ferric hydrate, aluminum, and manganese are the materials that are included in the tattoo ink, depending on the color. Red ink is the most common cause of tattoo allergic reactions (Diana Rodriguez, n.d.). In conclusion, tattoos cause many problems regarding health, jobs, and its permanence, so people shouldn’t have it, especially young adults, because they have to do job hunting. Body piercing may have almost the same problems as tattoos. It also has become popular and is also related to person’s appearance. Appearance is important because people guess someone’s personality, life style, how rich, or how smart from appearance. Also, people may judge whether someone is dangerous or not from appearance.

http://mhsdimensions.org/opinion/2012/12/07/tattoos -classy-or-trashy/ Gen Next Survey. (2006). Altering Their Appearance. Retrieved from http://www.vanishingtattoo.com/westcoast/gen-nexttattoos.pdf Gouveia, A. (2013, January). Survey: Tattoos Hurt Your Chances of Getting a Job. Retrieved from http://www.sfgate.com/jobs/salary/article/Surve y-Tattoos-Hurt-Your-Chances-of-Getting-a-Job4220248.php Hein, M. (n.d.). Think Before You Ink: Could getting a tattoo cost you your potential job?. Retrieved from http://www4.desales.edu/~minstrel/issue-4310/online-exclusives/tattoos.html Mayo Clinic. (n.d.). Adult health Tattoos. Understand risks and precautions. Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/tattoos-andpiercings/MC00020 Rodriguez, D. (n.d.). Tattoo Ink. Allergic Reaction Warnings: Tattoo allergies take many forms, depending on the tattoo ink ingredient causing the problem. These are the signs to look for. Retrieved from http://www.everydayhealth.com/skin-andbeauty/tattoo-ink-allergies.aspx University of British Columbia. (2010). Tattooing linked to higher risk of hepatitis C: UBC study. Retrieved from http://www.publicaffairs.ubc.ca/2010/08/06/mr-10109/ Vartanian, V. (2012, July). Your Permanent Record? The Scoop on Tattoo Removal. Retrieved from http://www.thedailymuse.com/health/yourpermanent-record-the-scoop-on-tattoo-removal/# Whickson, J. (n.d.). Workplace Discrimination on Tattoos & Piercings. Retrieved from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/workplacediscrimination-tattoos-piercings-16708.html

References Bankhead, C. (2013, March). Tattoo Me: Tales of Regret and No Regrets. Retrieved from http://www.medpagetoday.com/MeetingCoverage/A AD/37730 Brown, K. (2012, December). DIMENTIONS. Tattoos: Classy or Trashy? Retrieved from

in the Chinese main communication website and the news which they don’t want Chinese people read. To illustrate, On 16th November 2009, American president Mr. Obama went to China to have a interview with Chinese government. By the way, he went to a high school to have a chat with a Chinese teen. And he said “I think we can give more freedom in American.” So there are some reporters post it in the Internet, but when they posted it, it was deleted after 10 minus. (The New York newspaper November 2009) Because the section five of the Chinese Computer Information Network and Internet Security, Protection, and Management Regulations: “Making falsehoods or distorting the truth, spreading rumors, destroying the order of society is illegal.”( the State Council (1997) The Computer Information Network and Internet Security, Protection, and Management Regulations approved ) So Chinese censorship of Internet think those posts violated this law that it should be deleted. However, what is truth? Chinese government officer think the posts or news which are bad for Chinese government are not truth. So they advertise the posts or reports which are good for Chinese government to Chinese people. And if there are some people who do not agree with those, and post the something bad but truthful in the Internet, they will be arrested as soon as possible. And other example, in 2001, Wang Xiaoning and other Chinese activists were arrested and sentenced to 10 years in prison for using a Yahoo email account to post anonymous writing to an Internet mailing list. (Cohn, William "Yahoo's China Defense" New Presence: The Prague Journal of European Affairs September 2007: 10.2.) Because they writing something are not truth and bad for Chinese government that Chinese government thinks. Counter, there are some Chinese officers think that there are so many criminals in Chinese internet so we have to control the information to protect Chinese people so they don’t get bad influence from the criminals. To illustrate, there is a Chinese teacher who set up a sexual website, it’s illegal in China. So he was arrested when the police of Internet discover it. (The Chongqing evening newspaper 2010-01-14) So they think it’s good to control this type of information to protect Chinese people. On the other hand, maybe Chinese censorship of Internet control of this information is right, but I don’t think Chinese censorship of Internet should control the words that people say on the Internet. For example, in 2001, Wang Xiaoning and other Chinese activists were arrested and sentenced to 10 years in prison for using a Yahoo email account to post anonymous writing to an Internet mailing list. (Cohn William. (2007)"Yahoo's China Defense" New Presence:

Chinese Censorship of Internet, right or error? by Langhan Yang Many people want to have a chat with some Chinese, but most of them can’t find Chinese people in the Internet. So there are many reasons of why we can’t chat with Chinese people, because Chinese people can’t use the Face book and Twitter which are the most popular program all the world, can’t read the foreign website that the government think it’s bad for Chinese people, and most people can’t have a free communicate place in the Internet. However, Chinese people don’t care about it, but other people who are overseas students. All of them think it’s bad for Chinese. So the following action of Chinese Internet censorship will show us why Chinese censorship of Internet is bad. First, Chinese censorship blocked some communicate program that Chinese people can’t communicate with other country’s people. For example, Chinese people can’t use Face book and Twitter, because Chinese government manages the Chinese Internet. So this is one of the important reasons why we can’t communicate with Chinese people who live in the main land of China. Some people dislike this action of Chinese censorship. Especially, most overseas students are so unsatisfied with this action of Chinese censorship, they’d like to have a chat with their foreign friends when they come back China, but Chinese censorship manage the Internet that they can’t use the Face book to communicate with their friends, so they are angry about it. On the other hand, it also can be good for Chinese people. On the Internet, some Chinese government officers think this action of Chinese censorship can help Chinese people to filter some unhealthy information to protect Chinese people. (“Using Chinese people daily newspaper”2006) Counter, this action is good for Chinese people? Some overseas students are angry with those words. Because they think those words which were Chinese government officer said is sophistry. For example, American is big country, there are 3 hundred million people live here, and there are so many people go to communicate with Americans everyday, but it doesn’t mean something bad will happen. But for China, Chinese government blocked the Taiwanese blogs and other website that Chinese mainland people can’t talk to Taiwanese. Second, Chinese censorship will delete somebody’s post opinions which censorship think it’s not good for Chinese people. They delete the comment which is post

The Prague Journal of European Affairs September.) And Shi Tao, a Chinese journalist, used his Yahoo! email account to send a message to a U.S.-based prodemocracy website. In his email, he summarized a government order directing media organizations in China to downplay the upcoming 15th anniversary of the 1989 crackdown on pro-democracy activists. Police arrested him in November 2004, charging him with "illegally providing state secrets to foreign entities." In April 2005, he was sentenced to 10 years’ imprisonment and two years’ subsequent deprivation of his political rights. (Imprisoned for Peaceful Expression Amnesty International) Are these arrested actions of Chinese censorship of the Internet right? Because Chinese censorship of Internet said it’s not truth, so those people should be arrested? Third, Chinese government has, many times, hid important information. Because of Chinese censorship, Chinese hide some information which are important that lead to big problems. For example, early in the SARS epidemic, the People's Republic of China discouraged its press from reporting on SARS and lagged in reporting the situation to the World Health Organization, delaying the initial report. Initially, it did not provide information for Chinese provinces other than Guangdong, the province where the disease is believed to have originated. (Rosenthal, Elisabeth; Altman, Lawrence K. (Rosenthal, Elisabeth; Altman, Lawrence K. (2003) "China Raises Tally of Cases and Deaths in Mystery Illness" The New York Times.) So this action of Chinese censorship of Internet led to SARS becoming a lager problem, and let SARS spread to other countries. However, Chinese censorship of Internet think sometime hide some important information can decrease fear in Chinese people. To illustrate, In April 2013, with more than ten netizens posting claimed around H7N9 avian flu different from the news which are release by Chinese government, administrative detention for 5 to 10 days. (“Using TOM WATKINS’ Google blog ”( 2013)) So Chinese censorship of Internet calm Chinese people down by administrative dentetion for somebody who want to post something to make Chinese people get scared. Is it right that cheated Chinese people to calm Chinese people down? I don’t think it’s right, because it will lead more people to the dangerous situation. For instant, there are events about the SARS. On February 21, Liu Jianlun, a 64-year-old Chinese doctor who had treated cases in Guangdong arrived in Hong Kong to attend a wedding. He checked into the Metropole Hotel (the ninth floor – room 911) although he had developed symptoms on February 15, he felt well enough to travel, shop, and

sight-see with his brother-in-law. On February 22 he sought urgent care at the Kwong Wah Hospital and was admitted to the intensive care unit. He died on March 4. About 80% of the Hong Kong cases have been traced back to this doctor. (World Health Organization Update 95 – SARS (November 2009): Chronology of a serial killer) because Chinese government didn’t tell Chinese people the truth information about the SARS disease, so it led the SARS to other cities in China and other countries. So if Chinese censorship of Internet allows people post the truth information that there must be less people got SARS and must not lead the SARS to other countries. The opponents of Chinese censorship of Internet say that Chinese people should have a free talk right on the Internet. There are some criminals who will commit crimes by Internet. The Chinese government should arrest those people that we know. Chinese censorship have no rights to control what Chinese people read and what Chinese people post. Although Chinese people don’t care about it but if Chinese people know those, will Chinese government arrest all Chinese? For example, the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, also known as the June Fourth Incident in Chinese.( Long Bow Group Inc.(1995) in collaboration with ITVS.(2012) this protests was going to ask for Chinese people’s freedom of their opinions or speeches. But in the spring of 1989 it was forcibly suppressed by hardline leaders who ordered the military to enforce martial law in the country's capital.(Zhao, Ziyang (2009) "The origins of the 1989 Student Movement". Prisoner of the State: The Secret Journal of Premier Zhao Ziyang Simon & Schuster.) So Whatever Chinese government or other countries’ government, they don’t have these rights to ban what people read and what people post. There many reasons about why Chinese people can’t have communicate with other countries’ people and it also show that is Chinese censorship of Internet right or error. So Chinese should know that they are living in a Internet prison.

References: Yixuan Zhang 2006 “Using Chinese people daily newspaper” Retrieved from Chinese people daily news website http://paper.people.com.cn/rmrbhwb/html/201002/01/content_440704.htm

the State Council (1997) The Computer Information Network and Internet Security, Protection, and Management Regulations approved Cohn, William.( 2007) "Yahoo's China Defense" New Presence: The Prague Journal of European Affairs. Retrieved from http://www.fas.org/irp/world/china/netreg.htm Jie Ren (2010) “Using The Chongqing evening newspaper” Retrieved from Chongqing news http://www.cqwb.com. cn/cqwb/html/2010-04/17/content_207034.htm Cohn William. (2007)"Yahoo's China Defense" New Presence: The Prague Journal of European Affairs September. Retrieved from http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/2725378 8/yahoos-china-defense Imprisoned for Peaceful Expression Amnesty International Rosenthal, Elisabeth; Altman, Lawrence K. (2003) "China Raises Tally of Cases and Deaths in Mystery Illness" Retrieved from USA The New York Times.

http://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/27/health/27INFE .html?pagewanted=all&position=top “Using TOM WATKINS’ Google blog ”( 2013) Retrieved from http://swineflumagazine.blogspot.com/2013/04/fuya ng-netizens-spread-of-h7n9-avian.html World Health Organization Update 95 – SARS (November 2009): Chronology of a serial killer Retrieved from http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_1528_2009-0603.htm The New York newspaper 2005 Long Bow Group Inc.(1995) in collaboration with ITVS.(2012) Retrieved from http://www.tsquare.tv/film/american_dream.html Michael Bristow (2009) "The origins of the 1989 Student Movement". Prisoner of the State: The Secret Journal of Premier Zhao Ziyang Simon & Schuster. Retrieved from the BBC News Beijing http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8049720.stm

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