2017 수특 영어독해 B컷 277제 by alotbooks

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01강

3. |1강 1|

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? 1)

Having worked with many clients over the years, I have been occasionally surprised to watch as one of them experienced an amazing “aha!” of recognition and had an internal shift after watching a movie. These clients were able to identify with characters who had struggles similar to their own. But while they identified with the characters, it was also somehow easier to maintain their distance “outside” the experience. In other words, they maintained an observer perspective. In some cases, instead of identifying with a character, the client was highly critical of them. Either way, the same active principles seemed to apply, and ________________________ during our sessions had powerful results. ① separating the experience of the movie from reality ② feeling identified with character while watching the movie ③ keeping a distance from a critical point of view ④ combining the movie experience with psychological exploration ⑤ giving an objective evaluation of the movie during

은?3)

Having an intuitive understanding of other people can help overcome these challenges. In any organization, decision makers often find themselves working with simplified data that lacks any sort of context. ① They often deal with information in the abstract instead of experiencing it for themselves. ② In many cases, their disconnection from customers forces them to rely on so-called authorities who are anything but. ③ Empathy for the people you serve can make the abstract more grounded and immediate because that information is now connected to a real person you know. ④ It can provide context for the data we receive by incorporating factors left off the map. ⑤ And this kind of connection to other people can, over time, provide the kind of deep experience in a territory that people inside an organization need to identify new opportunities.

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다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 2)

The paradox of modern life is ① that while technological acceleration — in transportation, communication, and production — should provide more free time, those same inventions increase our options at an exponential rate. Email was far faster than snail mail, but the Internet also brought Twitter, YouTube, and so on. As the German sociologist Hartmut Rosa described it, “no matter ② how much we increase the ‘pace of life,’” we cannot keep up with the flood of information. The result is that “our share of the world” feels continually ③ squeezed, even as we gain more efficient access to it. Estimates are that 90 percent of the world’s data ④ has been created in the last five years. We’re all drowning in information, a reality that makes even the simplest decisions — where to eat, which health plan to sign up for, which coffee maker to buy — more ⑤ complicating.

글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳

다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?

Let’s say you have a great advertising campaign plan. The theme is memorable, the visuals are impressive, and the words are emphatic. What good is it if those message elements do not reach the intended audience? Suppose you’re selling canned soup. The media team targets traditional users of canned soup — mothers of young children — but the copy team prepares advertisements intended to encourage single people to use the soup for a quick, wholesome meal. The message will not make much sense to the media audience because the media and copy strategies do not match. A great advertising message in front of the wrong audience is a total waste of time and effort. If you focus on the message strategies and ignore the media strategies, you risk damaging the entire package: the campaign, the budget, and everyone’s hard work. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

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a media and advertising strategies should be consistent a poor media plan sabotages an entire campaign an advertising company needs to make an effort to make impressive ads advertisements targeted at singles should take risks an advertising company must accurately deliver the message to the intended company

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글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?

But there are many ways of breaking it. Biographies of human beings are generally about real people, not fictional or mythological characters. Therefore the biographer has a responsibility to the truth, and should tell us what actually happened in a person’s life. ① This looks like a solid, unarguable rule for biography. ② Plenty of biographers dramatize their narratives with descriptions of emotions, highly coloured scene-setting, or strategies of suspense. ③ Some go further, and deploy full-scale fictional methods: invented meetings between author and subject, imaginary episodes, musings on the identity of the biographer, and hypothetical conversations. ④ Some biographies read more like fiction than history. ⑤ This can attract readers, but can also give the genre a bad name. John Updike once remarked that most biographies are just ‘novels with indexes.’

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

One important factor in our food’s nutritional value is the manner ① in which it is prepared. Many foods have maximum value in their natural state — or as close to ② that as possible. For instance, when fruit is harvested green, unripened, many of the vitamins we traditionally associate with sun-ripened fruits ③ are simply not present, and certainly not in adequate amounts. Certainly, for most fruit or vegetables, heating destroys many of their enzymes and vitamins. In the case of water-soluble vitamins, these are lost if the food is boiled and the cooking water ④ discarded. Long-term storage or canning also results in the loss of many of the less stable vitamins. Some foods, however, require heat to be made ⑤ digestibly, such as whole grains, some tuberous vegetables, a few fruits, and dried beans.

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주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?6)

Although psychology and dog training may appear to be quite different professions, the philosophies of how we interact with dogs and with people in a positive way actually have much in common. (A) Furthermore, the evolution of both dog and child psychology have followed similar paths. The concept of positive reinforcement has been around since the early twentieth century, but it has only been in recent years that so much emphasis has been placed on rewarding the good behaviour of children and on maintaining their self-esteem. (B) You are probably aware that in previous generations the physical punishment of children was more acceptable, and the view that ‘children should be seen but not heard’ was much more common. (C) Similarly, traditional dog-training methods involved correction and punishment, with positive reinforcement virtually unheard of in dog-training circles until the Gentle Modern Method of Dog Training was introduced in the early 1970s. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?8)

I remember an experiment I read about many years ago that I admired very much. It occurred in full “real life.” (A) At a building on the campus of a university, the experimenters put up a sign in front of the main door at the center of the building. The sign read, “This door closed.” Then, of the people who came up the steps, they counted the people who, seeing the sign, turned and went away; they also counted the people who went past the sign and into the building. (B) Then they repeated all that on the same day of the next week, during the same hours of the day. This time, however, the sign read, “This door closed. Please use door at end,” with an arrow pointing off to the side. As you might suppose, a much smaller percentage of people, during the second trial, violated the sign. (C) The simple explanation, I think, is that the second sign made it easier for most people coming up the steps to find an alternate route to their goal than did the first sign. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

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11.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 9)

In daily life, processes constantly come in conflict as the objectives of one process directly ① oppose the objectives of another. For example, every workday, millions of individuals climb into their cars to start the process ② is known as going to work. For many, the primary objective of this process is to arrive at work at the proper time. If the individual feels ③ that this primary objective may not be achieved, then speed is at a premium and other objectives fall by the wayside. This individual then runs into a significant conflict with ④ another objective. Municipalities have developed a series of processes intended to ensure achievement of their primary objective ⑤ related to safe travel. Speed limits, stop signs, and traffic lanes all work together to frustrate the time-conscious traveler: The driver’s objective (the need for speed) comes in direct conflict with the municipality’s objective (the need for safety).

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 11)

To learn what’s new in the world, you have to start with what’s old. This is the paradox that explains why journalists are ① increasingly becoming part of the news goods they deliver. In trying to attract your attention to their version of the day’s events, firms use many types of signals to convey ② what their products will contain. The association of the delivery of the news with a particular anchor or reporter ③ is one way for companies to signal what the news product will contain. Though you may not yet know the day’s events, the personalities of Peter Jennings, Larry King, Barbara Walters, Geraldo Rivera, Mike Wallace, or Chris Matthews create for some consumers an image of the type of news they will experience. Though news involves learning about the unfamiliar, the familiarity of readers or viewers with specific journalists ④ becomes a way for news outlets ⑤ creating expectations about their content.

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12.

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?12)

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10.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은? 10)

Athletes know the importance of execution and fundamentals. If you don’t execute well, all the talent in the world is ① worthless. At crunch time, athletes who worry lose. Those who execute effectively win. An example is hitting a long drive in golf. Once the body is trained to do the task, engaging the head only ② concentrates the muscle memory that knows instinctively what to do. Cognitive meddling messes up the process. I was once skiing with an advanced skier who came to the top of a steep incline, stopped, and looked down and froze. She had ③ negotiated this slope many times without a problem or trauma, but this time she permitted her head to ④ interfere. Once she looked down and kept looking down, all the unconscious fears took over and she sat down and began to cry. Once that happens, the ability for the body to function normally has been ⑤ lost and failure becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Although it is always necessary to protect children from harm, one difficulty for staff who work in the family home is determining what is harmful. (A) However, balancing protecting children from what individuals see as harmful and respecting the family’s values can be very difficult when individual views on what is acceptable vary. Whether a child is suffering significant harm, or is at risk of suffering significant harm, is the key consideration. (B) How individual families conceptualise childhood affects what they see as acceptable childcare practices and what they expect of children in the family. (C) For example, in some cultures it is expected that siblings will care for their younger brothers or sisters, or have a significant role in their care, whilst in other cultures this is seen as an imposition. Child protection is paramount when working with children and their families.

① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

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② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

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02강

15. 다음

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?15)

|2강 1|

13. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 가장 적

절한 것은?13)

The most common alternative to the lone-genius model locates creativity in networks. The dominant idea today is that, because creativity resides within the individual, we best expose it by telling stories of those rare geniuses — the ones who made the Sistine Chapel, Hamlet or the light bulb. (①) This model basically follows the declaration made by Thomas Carlyle in the 1840s: “The history of the world is but the biography of great men.” (②) See, for example, Herbert Spencer’s retort to Carlyle that “the genesis of the great man depends” on a “long series of complex influences.” (③) “Before he can remake his society,” Spencer wrote, “his society must make him.” (④) Rather than focus on the solitary hero snatching inspiration from the heavens (or the unconscious), this concept emphasizes the long, meandering course of innovation. (⑤) Instead of heroic individuals, it prioritizes heroic cultures — the courts of sixteenth-century Florence, say, or the coffee shops of Enlightenment London.

Green marketing is a phenomenon that has its origin in the 1980s, a time when corporate social responsibility reports and the buzzwords sustainable development and green consumerism gained popularity. One of the biggest challenges of green marketing is the need to address environmental issues while at the same time satisfying core customer needs. This is one of the challenges “green” ad campaigns have to face — convincing consumers that environmental products _____________. Rather, they often — with regard to specific features — perform better. For example, energy-saving light bulbs last longer, offer better convenience (they do not have to be replaced as often as regular bulbs), and reduce energy expenses. Convenience and fulfillment of basic human needs are two of the most significant reasons why consumers buy green products — not necessarily for environmental reasons but for better value (safety, money). ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

do do do do do

not not not not not

have lasting effects on performance represent our effort to go earth-friendly have some functions of normal products perform lower than regular products necessarily mean expensive luxury

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14. 다음

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?14)

The dominant idea today is that, because creativity resides within the individual, we best expose it by telling stories of those rare geniuses — the ones who made the Sistine Chapel, Hamlet or the light bulb. This model basically follows the declaration made by Thomas Carlyle in the 1840s: “The history of the world is but the biography of great men.” The most common alternative to the lone-genius model locates creativity in networks. See, for example, Herbert Spencer’s retort to Carlyle that “the genesis of the great man depends” on a “long series of complex influences.” “Before he can remake his society,” Spencer wrote, “_______________.” Rather than focus on the solitary hero snatching inspiration from the heavens (or the unconscious), this concept emphasizes the long, meandering course of innovation. Instead of heroic individuals, it prioritizes heroic cultures — the courts of sixteenth-century Florence, say, or the coffee shops of Enlightenment London. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

he should be qualified he can remake his viewpoint his society must make him his talent should be tested his value should be accepted

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|2강 3|

16.

다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?16)

In 1840, the famous German chemist Baron Justus von Liebig, also perhaps the best teacher of chemistry of his day, published a book on organic chemistry. In the book, he argued that plants do not feed directly on humus, as was then generally believed, but exist on simple, inorganic chemicals taken directly from the air and soil. By analyzing the chemical composition of plants he was able to make a list of these substances, and he showed that plant growth ceases if the availability of just one essential nutrient falls below a certain minimum, regardless of the abundance of all other nutrients. In other words, it is the availability of the scarcest nutrient, not the most abundant, that determines success or failure for plants: if the soil is deficient, say, in boron, no amount of phosphorus will remedy the lack and stimulate vigorous plant growth. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

Essential Nutrient : The More The Better How We Can Stimulate Plant Growth? How To Deal With Nutrient Deficiency Success Of Plants : Abundant Nutrients Deficiency That Decides Plant Growth!

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17. 주어진

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?17)

In the early 17th century, when the Netherlands was the world’s leader in commerce, the middle class were enthusiastic about tulips, which then led to a bidding war over tulip bulbs. (A) Then the price fell who had sold everything of tulips became beggars fortunes that had been generation.

and stayed down. Many people they owned to obtain a couple overnight. Some rich men lost accumulated generation after

(B) In 1635, the heyday of the tulip bubble, someone was willing to pay up to 12 hectares of land in the heart of the city in exchange for a special tulip bulb. Another merchant was willing to pay 4 heads of cattle, 8 pigs, 2 boxes of wine, 4 boxes of beer and 1,000 pounds of cheese in exchange for a bulb named “the governor”. (C) People were all dreaming about becoming millionaires, even billionaires. Of course, this didn’t last for very long. In 1636, one Dutchman woke up and refused to buy a tulip at the promised price, which caused people to doubt. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?19)

Individuals who survive an infection normally become immune to that particular disease, although not to other diseases. (A) Immune memory is due to specialized B cells called memory cells. Virgin B cells are triggered to divide if they encounter an antigen that matches their own individual antibody. Most of the new B cells are specialized for antibody synthesis, and they live only a few days. (B) However, a few active B cells become memory cells, and instead of making antibodies, they simply wait. If one day the antigen that they recognize appears again, most of the memory cells switch over very rapidly to antibody production. (C) The reason is that the immune system “remembers” foreign antigens, a process called immune memory. Next time the same antigen appears, it triggers a far swifter and more aggressive response than before. Consequently, the invading microorganisms will usually be overwhelmed before they cause noticeable illness. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

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18. 다음

19. 주어진

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?18)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|2강 7|

20. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절

한 곳은?20)

In a study, researchers interviewed residents of the state of Victoria over many years to see how life events and personality affected people’s happiness. They wanted to know the extent to which a person’s personality versus the things that happened to them affected well-being and happiness. Personality might account for, say, 40 percent of happiness, whereas life events might account for 60 percent. Alternatively, perhaps personality would turn out to be more important. As the study progressed, it was clear that the same kind of things kept happening to the same people over and over again. Lucky people were lucky again and again. Likewise, people with lots of bad experiences, like relationship breakups and job losses, seemed to encounter one bad thing after another. Their assumption that personality and life events would have separate influences on happiness was wrong. Instead, _______ itself had the strongest influence on what happened to people. The optimists had more positive experiences, while the pessimists had more negative experiences. ① incident ④ progress

② personality ⑤ experience

The results were clear. In a study of fairness in non-primates, a research team led by Friedericke Range placed pairs of dogs side by side in front of a person. In plain view of both dogs was a bowl of treats (sausage and dark bread). (①) Each animal was asked in turn to offer his or her paw to be shaken by the person. (②) The researchers recorded the number of times each dog offered a paw under various conditions. (③) When both dogs were equally provided with treats, both gave their paws for nearly every trial. (④) When neither dog received treats, the dogs only shook paws in about twenty of thirty trials and required more verbal prompting. (⑤) Most interestingly, when only one dog received treats in return for a paw-shake, the other dog declined the handshake sooner, only offering a paw an average twelve times out of thirty, and acting decidedly more agitated in the process.

③ happiness

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|2강 8|

21. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한

곳은?21)

|2강 9|

23. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

않은 것은?23)

Consider buying a luxury vehicle. How frequently do people gauge themselves against others? (①) This probably happens far more often than we like to admit, and probably forms a more important part of our lives than most people are ready to acknowledge at a conscious level. (②) Although almost everyone would like to believe that they would make such a purchase for reasons of self-gratification, it is probably true that the purchase of such an outwardly visible manifestation of personal success is overwhelmingly motivated by competitive reasons. (③) In other words, half the point of buying such a vehicle is to let other people know you own it, and to be seen driving it. (④) The buyer wants his neighbors to see his car. (⑤) He’ll park it in the driveway just to put it on display. He wants his friends and coworkers to be aware of his ability to buy such a vehicle.

As children gain experience listening to stories, they begin to develop an understanding that stories follow a ① regular sequence. This idea can be reinforced by repeated readings of the same story (generally at the child’s request), as children become so ② familiar with the story that they can easily predict what will happen next. Sometimes writers of picture books build predictability into the text with ③ repeated actions or phrases or by using the same sentence structure over and over again. Like patterned language, predictable structures make stories ④ easier for children to listen to and comprehend. They also allow authors to introduce more surprising or unusual elements successfully within a carefully constructed ⑤ unfamiliar context. The contrast between the predictable and the surprising elements often delights adults as well as children.

|2강 10| |2강 8|

22. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하

지 않은 것은?22)

How frequently do people gauge themselves against others? This probably happens far more often than we like to admit, and probably forms a ① more important part of our lives than most people are ready to acknowledge at a conscious level. Consider buying a luxury vehicle. Although almost everyone would like to believe that they would make such a purchase for reasons of ② self-gratification, it is probably true that the purchase of such an ③ inwardly visible manifestation of personal success is overwhelmingly motivated by ④ competitive reasons. In other words, half the point of buying such a vehicle is to let other people know you own it, and to be seen driving it. The buyer wants his neighbors to see his car. He’ll park it in the driveway just to put it on ⑤ display. He wants his friends and coworkers to be aware of his ability to buy such a vehicle.

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24. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한

곳은?24)

All individuals matter equally, with the strength of their preferences measured by their willingness-to-pay. Because all individuals matter, and because different individuals can have opposing interests, we need a rule for weighing one person’s preferences against another’s. (①) If we are called upon to decide whether to expand the logging industry, and if Jack values newspapers while Jill values woodlands, we need a way to compare Jack’s potential gains with Jill’s potential losses. (②) There are many philosophically defensible stands here, and the logic of cost-benefit analysis (which is another name for what I have elsewhere called “the logic of efficiency”) chooses unambiguously among them. (③) Its position is pronounced in another principle. (④) If Jack values a tree in the sawmill at $100 and Jill values a tree standing in the forest at $200, then we declare the benefit of logging to be $100 and the cost to be $200. We don’t inquire into the moral worthiness of Jack or Jill.(⑤)

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25. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?25)

The data that archaeologists have at their disposal are very selective. Not only ① are archaeologists limited to material remains, but also the overwhelming majority of material possessions that may have been part of a culture ② do not survive thousands of years under the ground. As a result, archaeologists search for fragments of material evidence that will enable them to piece together a culture. A prehistoric garbage dump is particularly ③ revealing, for the archaeologist can learn a great deal about how people lived from what they threw away. These material remains are then used to ④ making inferences about the nonmaterial aspects of the culture being studied. For example, the finding that all women and children are buried with their heads pointing in one direction, whereas the heads of adult males point in a different direction, could lead to the possible explanation ⑤ that the society practiced matrilineal kinship.

(A) Your daughter may come home in tears because little Melissa said your daughter was a lousy speller. More than likely, Melissa is right, even though there are more subtle ways to convey the information. Friends are a great opportunity for your child to develop a give-and-take relationship with peers. (B) The following is not the most pleasant example, but it makes the point. A mother had difficulty with her 9-year-old picking her nose in public. Mom’s scoldings didn’t do any good. Then one day her daughter and a friend were bowling. (C) As her daughter unconsciously picked her nose, the other 9-year-old cried, “Oh Callie! That is so gross! I’m never bowling with you again if you pick your nose!” That ended Callie’s nose picking right then and there. At this age, children tell “the truth” because they don’t have the skills to be tactful. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

03강 |3강 3| |3강 1|

26. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?26)

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것은?28)

A point to keep in mind when thinking about paranormal, supernatural, and pseudo-scientific beliefs is that ① letting go of them is not necessarily a sacrifice. Not only can thinking ② skeptically be safer and more economical over the course of a lifetime, it doesn’t have to be any less fun, either. ③ What I may have lost by not believing in things like astrology and ghosts, I am confident that I more than make up for it by embracing reality with great enthusiasm. All scientific discoveries to date and all the mysteries still ④ to be solved excite me, and I find plenty of reason for optimism and hope, even amid harsh realities. I understand that it may feel comforting or stabilizing to believe that invisible forces influence us, but it can also be comforting and stabilizing to realize that as humans we are smart enough and strong enough to face up to the universe as it really is and ⑤ get on with our lives.

|3강 2|

27.

28.

Railroads allowed the North to benefit from its industrial advantages during the Civil War. Military trains carried mobile artillery. This allowed commanders to reposition heavy guns for both defensive and offensive purposes. As the war went on, the military began to keep some artillery permanently (A)[mounted / dismounted] on railcars. This reduced the preparation time for combat. Railcar artillery pieces were almost always ready to be thrust into battle. This was a marked (B)[improvement / retrogression] over the use of horses to haul big guns. Guns that were pulled by horses required artillery platforms that had to be constructed and placed before the guns could engage in battle. With a gun on a railway car, the bed of the car served as the artillery platform. In some cases, the rails allowed the car to absorb the shock of the gun’s firing by allowing the car to slide back on the rails. This innovation (C)[established / eliminated] the need for the continual reconstruction of a platform each time a military force moved an artillery piece.

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.27)

Have you ever thought that your child’s friends can be a positive influence on him or her? Children are quick to point out unacceptable behavior. 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) mounted mounted mounted dismounted dismounted

(B) improvement retrogression improvement retrogression improvement

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

29.

|3강 4| 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하

지 않은 것은?29)

Since the early seventeenth century, humans have tried to find ways to live peacefully and prosperously with one another in the ① absence of a common notion of the good. This effort has been identified with liberalism, which has ② emphasized toleration, individual choice, and maximizing general utility through market mechanisms and government constraints. To this end, liberalism has treated all goods as effectively ③ equal, interpreting them as merely the subjective preferences of individuals. This move ④ excludes recognizing and admitting that no good is better than any other good. My preference for justice or a moral life is thus essentially no different from my preference for an apple. Thus no good (thing, process, activity, way of life, etc.) in itself is special, sacred, or necessary. In principle, then, there can be no rational (as opposed to affective) ground for ⑤ preferring one good over another.

30.

|3강 5| 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하

지 않은 것은?30)

Here’s a simple thought experiment to illustrate the ① absurdity of claiming to know an individual’s genetic potential based on current appearance or ability. To ② visualize this, consider a physical example. Imagine a massive bodybuilder standing next to an extraordinarily skinny man. One of them looks like freshly shaved King Kong and the other looks like the slightest gust of wind might knock him over. At first glance, most people probably would assume that the large, muscular man has the genetic ③ advantage for success in competitive bodybuilding over the skinny man. But we can’t assume this to be the case. It could easily be the skinny guy who had been born with the ④ inferior genes for bodybuilding. But maybe nothing in his environment activated those genes. Maybe he was ⑤ deprived of something in childhood — good nutrition perhaps — and those genetic gifts were muted. Maybe he grew up in a place that had no gyms and he never had the opportunity to train with weights. Or, maybe he thought bodybuilding was weird or too difficult so he never even tried.

31.

|3강 6| 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을

고르시오.31)

The Oxford dictionary defines accounting (noun) as ‘the process or work of keeping financial accounts’ while an accountant (noun) is ‘a person whose job is to keep or inspect financial accounts’. 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

(A) This work remains at the forefront of the role but more recently accountants have been asked to expand their remit into new areas. For example, accountants are now deeply involved in the preparation of non-financial information, including corporate social responsibility reporting. The image of the boring, conservative, grey-suited person is outdated. The job has changed. (B) However, this definition is long time, accounting was collecting, analysing and information to allow users decisions.

overly simplistic. For a considered a process of communicating financial to make better-informed

(C) Accountants now need to be communicators as well as doers. They need to be client facing rather than just hit buttons on a calculator. There is a new breed of accountant and whether you believe this is a change for the better or worse, it seems to be a change that is here to stay. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|3강 7|

32.

글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절 한 곳을 고르시오.32)

Whether we call it egotism or simply humanity, we all know the wish to make others appreciate our feelings; to show them how we suffer, how we enjoy. Broadly speaking, art exists as a consequence of the universal human desire for sympathy. ( ① ) Man is forever endeavoring to break down the wall which separates him from his fellows. ( ② ) We batter our fellowmen with our opinions sufficiently often, but this is nothing in comparison to the insistence with which we pour out our feelings. ( ③ ) A friend is the most valued of earthly possessions largely because he is willing to receive without appearance of impatience the unending story of our mental sensations. ( ④ ) We are all more or less conscious of the constant impulse which urges us on to expression; of the inner necessity which moves us to continual endeavors to make others share our thoughts, our experiences, but most of all our emotions. ( ⑤ ) It seems to me that if we trace this instinctive desire back far enough, we reach the beginnings of art.

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|3강 8|

33.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않은 것은?33)

I found, when I took up land in India and learned what the people of the country know, that the diseases of plants and animals were very ① useful agents for keeping me in order, and for teaching me agriculture. I have learned ② more from the diseases of plants and animals than I have from all the professors of Cambridge, Rothamsted and other places who gave me my preliminary training. I argued the matter in this way. If diseases attacked my crops, it was because I was doing something ③ wrong. I therefore used diseases to teach me. In this way I really learned agriculture. I think if we used diseases more instead of running to sprays and killing off pests, and if we let diseases rip and then found out what is wrong and then tried to put it right, we should get much deeper into agricultural problems than we shall do by calling in all these ④ natural aids. After all, the destruction of a pest is the ⑤ evasion of, rather than the solution of, all agricultural problems.

|3강 9|

34.

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.34)

The tourism sector’s reaction to climate change has involved two different but related responses: mitigation and adaptation strategies.

① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|3강 10|

35.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?35)

Over the past decade there ① has been a surge of empathic thinking and action around the globe driven by political activists, advice columnists, and religious leaders. Protesters in the Occupy movement in Britain and the United States erected Empathy Tents and ② ran workshops on empathic activism. Hundreds of thousands of schoolchildren ③ have been taught empathy skills through Roots of Empathy, a Canadian education program that has spread to Britain, New Zealand, and other countries, that brings babies into the classroom and turns them into teachers. A German social entrepreneur has established a worldwide network of museums ④ which blind guides have taken more than seven million visitors around exhibits that are in total darkness, to give them the experience of being visually impaired. All these initiatives are part of a historic wave of empathy that is challenging our highly individualistic, self-obsessed cultures, in which most of us have become far too absorbed in our own lives ⑤ to give much thought to anyone else.

(A) The tourism sector will also need to make adaptations in response to national mitigation strategies related to greenhouse gas emissions, hence the concepts are related. For instance, as a sector totally reliant on transport, national and international mitigation policies related to greenhouse gas emissions are likely to increase costs of transport and impact tourism mobility. (B) Mitigation refers to attempts to reduce the impact of tourism on climate change, while adaptation refers to attempts to adapt tourism to climate changes and minimize climate change risks. (C) There are implications for slow travel which emphasizes traveling to destinations more slowly and staying longer in one place rather than cramming in as many places as possible in a short space of time. For example, it could be argued that slow travel should become a major mitigation response, as part of a cultural change, associated with travel and trip distance reduction. 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

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|3강 11|

36.

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.36)

Scientific ideas are often counterintuitive to everyday thinking. (A) In other words, our senses have fooled us into thinking that instead of everything in the room being at room temperature, the metal is cooler than anything else. Therefore our erroneous conclusion: Metal objects are always cooler than other objects in a room. Indeed, if you go from room to room and touch many objects, your idea is reinforced and becomes more and more resistant to change. (B) For example, when you place your hand on a piece of metal in a room, it feels cool to your touch. When you place your hand on a piece of wood in the same room it feels warmer to the touch. Many people will deduce that the temperature of the metal is cooler than that of the wood. (C) Yet, if the objects have been in the same room for any length of time, their temperatures will be equal. It turns out that when you place your hand on metal, it conducts heat out of your hand quickly, thus giving the impression that it is cold. The wood does not conduct heat as rapidly as the metal and therefore “feels” warmer than the metal. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|3강 12|

37.

글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절

Altruism — unselfish concern for the welfare of others — presents sociobiology and evolutionary theory in general with a very real difficulty. ( ① ) For writers like Edward Wilson, the behaviour patterns of species and individuals are totally susceptible to biological explanation; some creatures are altruistic because they are driven by their genes to sacrifice themselves for the well-being of others. ( ② ) For example, a small bird will give a warning cry when a predator approaches, and so risk its life to safeguard its fellows. ( ③ ) The difficulty is that, in Wilson’s words, ‘fallen heroes do not have children.’ ( ④ ) However, altruism continues to exist: how can evolutionary theory explain this? ( ⑤ ) Wilson suggests that continued altruism is due to the evolutionary motivation of genes to defend and protect the species gene pool.

04강 |4강 1|

38. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?38)

The function of thought is to translate and interpret communications from the emotions and senses. Thought is often used inappropriately, to ignore rather than ① interpret communications. There are countless times when I’ve had a feeling or intuition that later turned out to be correct, but I “logic-ed” myself out of ② it and failed to take advantage of the insight. A good example is when a person is driving and has an impulse to take an ③ alternate route. Rather than simply taking the other route, she tells herself it would be silly to do so because that road is longer and has more stoplights. She goes her usual way and encounters a traffic jam due to road construction or an accident. The habit of using logic to contradict inner communications ④ are like a one-person version of the humorous question, “Are you going to believe what you see or what I tell you?” We tend to believe what we tell ourselves rather than ⑤ what we perceive with our inner senses and our physical senses.

한 곳을 고르시오.37)

If altruism is rooted in genes, the individuals with those genes would disappear (the altruists would all be killed), and only those possessing selfish genes would survive. 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

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|4강 2|

39. 다음

|4강 3|

41. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?39)

Jack Welch, a great business leader, who transformed General Electric into one of the world’s ① leading powerhouses, was constantly evolving tools and methods in search of continuing growth. He encouraged managers to start each day as if it was the first day in the job. He ② frequent said that managers were often afraid of change, the very change they must embrace. And Richard Branson, the CEO of Virgin Atlantic, agrees with Jack on this very important reasoning because at his airline company, people never rest upon past achievements but keep on trying to ③ improve things. Interestingly, the moment the airline was voted as having the best business class seats in the world in the UK airline awards, their designer was already beginning to work on the next seats ④ to beat their own expectations rather than their competitors. You must either stay ahead of other people or stay ahead of yourself all the time. If you really put your mind to ⑤ it you are normally going to find a better way.

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

않은 것은?41)

Stanislavski warned, “Young actor, fear your admirers!” After you enter the magic circle of ① self-deception, it is difficult to escape the mendacity. It is ② pleasant to hear the flattery and praise of your adoring admirers because you desperately want to believe them. However, you should not enter into this profession simply to amuse your followers, and do not discuss your artistic process with anyone other than trusted mentors and colleagues. The naive compliments of friends and family — who are not actors — will not help you ③ grow as an artist. Talk to your admirers, but listen, understand, and even love the observations of a true professional. There is nothing more ④ damaging to your growth than the brutally honest words of someone who knows. Unfortunately, however, you will not always be lucky enough to have an acting coach who knows or cares standing over your shoulder giving you expert advice. Therefore, you must know how to ⑤ objectively observe your own work.

|4강 2|

40. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절

한 곳은?40)

Interestingly, the moment the airline was voted as having the best business class seats in the world in the UK airline awards, their designer was already beginning to work on the next seats to beat their own expectations rather than their competitors

Jack Welch, a great business leader, who transformed General Electric into one of the world’s leading powerhouses, was constantly evolving tools and methods in search of continuing growth. (①) He encouraged managers to start each day as if it was the first day in the job. (②) He frequently said that managers were often afraid of change, the very change they must embrace. (③) And Richard Branson, the CEO of Virgin Atlantic, agrees with Jack on this very important reasoning because at his airline company, people never rest upon past achievements but keep on trying to improve things. (④) You must either stay ahead of other people or stay ahead of yourself all the time. If you really put your mind to it you are normally going to find a better way. (⑤)

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

|4강 3|

42.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?42)

Stanislavski warned, “Young actor, fear your admirers!” After you enter the magic circle of self-deception, it is difficult ① to escape the mendacity. It is pleasant to hear the flattery and praise of your adoring admirers because you desperately want to believe ② them. However, you should not enter into this profession simply to amuse your followers, and do not discuss your artistic process with anyone other than trusted mentors and colleagues. The naive compliments of friends and family — who are not actors — will not help you ③ grow as an artist. Talk to your admirers, but listen, understand, and even love the observations of a true professional. There is nothing more beneficial to your growth than the ④ brutally honest words of someone who knows. Unfortunately, however, you will not always be lucky enough to have an acting coach who knows or cares standing over your shoulder giving you expert advice. Therefore, you must know ⑤ what to objectively observe your own work.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|4강 3|

43. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한

곳은?43)

Unfortunately, however, you will not always be lucky enough to have an acting coach who knows or cares standing over your shoulder giving you expert advice. Stanislavski warned, “Young actor, fear your admirers!” After you enter the magic circle of self-deception, it is difficult to escape the mendacity. It is pleasant to hear the flattery and praise of your adoring admirers because you desperately want to believe them. (①) However, you should not enter into this profession simply to amuse your followers, and do not discuss your artistic process with anyone other than trusted mentors and colleagues. (②) The naive compliments of friends and family — who are not actors — will not help you grow as an artist. (③) Talk to your admirers, but listen, understand, and even love the observations of a true professional. (④) There is nothing more beneficial to your growth than the brutally honest words of someone who knows. (⑤) Therefore, you must know how to objectively observe your own work.

|4강 4|

44.

|4강 4|

45. 다음

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?45)

When we purchase a lunch from a food vendor, we exchange money for the material food. At the same time we exchange information regarding the relationship between the vendor and ourselves, ranging from happiness to indifference to anger. Although the food will be consumed and require further material exchanges for additional consumption, the relationship between the vendor and us has . The relationship will most likely grow towards greater cooperation and shared oneness through intentionally communicating in loving manners that acknowledge and appreciate the value the vendor adds to our lives in these material and relationship exchanges. Consequently, the food provides physical nourishment, while the relationship can evolve to provide emotional, social, and spiritual nourishment. Future purchases exchange similar quantities of money, while the relationship can increase qualitatively in a variety of important ways ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

friendship known as key factor similar outcome with money exchange the ability to express their emotion the capacity to evolve and grow relevance to keep in mind always

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않은 것은?44)

When we purchase a lunch from a food vendor, we exchange money for the material food. At the same time we exchange information ① regarding the relationship between the vendor and ourselves, ranging from happiness to indifference to anger. Although the food will be consumed and require further material exchanges for additional consumption, the relationship between the vendor and us has the ② capacity to evolve and grow. The relationship will most likely ③ decline towards greater cooperation and shared oneness through intentionally communicating in loving manners that acknowledge and appreciate the value the vendor adds to our lives in these material and relationship exchanges. Consequently, the food provides ④ physical nourishment, while the relationship can evolve to provide emotional, social, and spiritual nourishment. Future purchases exchange similar quantities of money, while the relationship can ⑤ increase qualitatively in a variety of important ways

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

|4강 5|

46.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?46)

If leadership ability is inherited, the selection and recruitment of managers as potential leaders would only focus on the candidate’s parents and ancestors — evidence of work experience would not be valued. Moreover, if leaders are born and not ① developed, then high-performing people would always emerge regardless of the business context, their management ability or the company’s willingness to recruit and select well, or coach, mentor, train, develop and evaluate employees. Furthermore, attempts to improve performance would be a ② wasteful exercise. Such an idea should not be taken too seriously, so why, then, have I mentioned it? Simply because, in my experience, some managers manage their people ③ based on this idea, and it prevents them from ④ applying the person-management skills and techniques that lead to improved performance. I feel that it is far better to accept that the work environment, including management action, shapes people’s behaviour and abilities and ⑤ what every manager can improve the way they manage people regardless of innate characteristics.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

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|4강 6|

47. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

|4강 7|

49. (A),

않은 것은?47)

(B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적

절한 것은?49)

Some observers believe that people growing up in the United States may be ① missing some of the finer points of etiquette and getting along with people. Because twenty-first-century American life has become so rushed, parents simply are not taking the time to teach their children proper etiquette. Moreover, because our K-12 educational system is under increased ② pressure to teach more and more practical courses, there has been ③ more time for teachers to instruct on how to get along in a civil society. The result is that we see an ever-increasing number of ④ ill-groomed Americans, talking too loudly on their cell phones, drinking someone else’s water at a business dinner, using sloppy grammar in their e-mails, or showing discomfort at making small talk at a cocktail party. As a result, U.S. society in recent years has witnessed a new growth industry — namely etiquette trainers, coaches, and consultants. Parents are sending their children to private etiquette classes and camps for the purpose of better ⑤ preparing them for entering the job market.

To the human brain, playing a game is (A) [more / less] like actually running a race than watching a film or reading a short story about a race. When I run, I make a series of choices about actions I will take that might affect whether I win. I feel a sense of mastery or failure depending on whether I successfully execute the actions in the ways I (B) [pretended / intended]. My emotions ebb and flow as I make these choices and see what happens as a result. I feel a sense of consequence and responsibility for my choices. In the end, I am to blame for the outcomes, because they arise from my own actions. This rich set of feelings that I have about the solo experience of running depends on the (C) [passive / active] role that I play in the experience.

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) (B) (C) more - intended - passive more - pretended - active more - intended - active less - intended - active less - pretended - passive

|4강 6|

48.

글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절 한 곳은?48)

As a result, U.S. society in recent years has witnessed a new growth industry — namely etiquette trainers, coaches, and consultants. Some observers believe that people growing up in the United States may be missing some of the finer points of etiquette and getting along with people. (①) Because twenty-first-century American life has become so rushed, parents simply are not taking the time to teach their children proper etiquette. (②) Moreover, because our K-12 educational system is under increased pressure to teach more and more practical courses, there has been little time for teachers to instruct on how to get along in a civil society. (③) The result is that we see an ever-increasing number of ill-groomed Americans, talking too loudly on their cell phones, drinking someone else’s water at a business dinner, using sloppy grammar in their e-mails, or showing discomfort at making small talk at a cocktail party. (④) Parents are sending their children to private etiquette classes and camps for the purpose of better preparing them for entering the job market. (⑤) 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

|4강 8|

50.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?50)

Since the nineteenth century, Europeans have got used to seeing their economies surpassed by the Americans. However, since the Cold War, the United States has been challenged by a resurgent and unifying Europe, and, more recently, by the vigorous “rise” of several nations in the “developing” world — China in particular. Current measurements clearly show the United States economy to have been in relative decline in comparison with these rising economies. Should America’s relative decline also be considered a symptom of morbid decline? Does it indicate a wasting sickness of the American economy? It might well. Nations do rise and fall . Our colleague, Lanxin Xiang, reminds us that China possessed the world’s leading economy for the greater part of the previous millennium. In the end, however, its past success did not prevent China from being pillaged throughout most of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

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|4강 8|

51. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

|4강 10|

53. 다음

않은 것은?51)

글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A),

(B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?53)

Since the nineteenth century, Europeans have got used to seeing their economies ① followed by the Americans. However, since the Cold War, the United States has been challenged by a ② resurgent and unifying Europe, and, more recently, by the vigorous “rise” of several nations in the “developing” world — China in particular. Current measurements clearly show the United States economy to have been in relative ③ decline in comparison with these rising economies. Should America’s relative decline also be considered a symptom of morbid decline? Does it indicate a wasting sickness of the American economy? It might well. Nations do rise and fall . Our colleague, Lanxin Xiang, reminds us that China ④ possessed the world’s leading economy for the greater part of the previous millennium. In the end, however, its past success did not prevent China from being ⑤ pillaged throughout most of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

The entrepreneurial journey brings with it a considerable change in lifestyle. When you work for an established organization you are used to certain things. You know how much money you will bring home each month; how many hours you are expected to work. You are entitled to a certain number of paid holidays and your employer may make contributions toward healthcare costs and pension plans. Entrepreneurs, on the other hand, work around the clock and at least in the early years cannot expect the same kind of security. These are just some of the challenges that many aspiring entrepreneurs are not tuned into. Since everything is down to you (and your co-founders if this is applicable), you have to take charge and use tact to solve these challenges. This journey doesn’t move forward unless there is planning and a methodological approach. ⇩

To be antrepreneur you have to pay attention to accept (A) in your lifestyle, not (B) .

|4강 9|

52. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?52)

Science is ubiquitous. Its boundaries are unclear, its range ① confusing. Distinctions have been drawn between different types of science, natural versus social, hard versus soft, historical versus experimental, and so on. Disagreement reigns over whether economics is science, whether anthropology is science, whether history is science. Creation science calls ② it science, but many call foul. Politicians have suggested — what sounds thoroughly reasonable — ③ that policy should utilize sound science and avoid junk science. Scientific discoveries are reported in the media; scientific concepts are utilized in novels, film and television. Science is popularized and demonized. It offers explanations of our most common observations, but in terms that ④ are peculiar and hard to comprehend. Scientific developments are integral to some of society’s most remarkable achievements, but also some of our most ⑤ horrifying tragedies. Thus, science is both utterly familiar and an immediate source of controversy and debate .

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① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) observation and relevance challenge and change planning and comfort certainty and approach contribution and liberty

(B) innovation safety function consideration obligation

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|4강 11|

54. 주어진

05강

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가자 적절한 것은?54) |5강 1|

Observation can offer ethnographers solid evidence of demonstrated behaviors occurring within a specific environment at a specific time.

(A) But observation only gives clues and partial answers as to why things happen and the meanings actors attribute to them. (B) This is why direct observation should be combined with other methods of understanding to address most ethnographers’ problems of interest. (C) Observational skills help, for instance, when we want to use people’s actions to independently verify their spoken claims; describe and make sense of what is happening when no one can — or will — talk with us; and better capture higher-level patterns of behavior especially regarding objects and environments. Systematic, observation-based data can help us both find out what is actually going on and justify our claims to others. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

56. 다음

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?56)

People hate to lose something more than they like gaining something of equal value. Given this near-universal truth about the human psyche, it may not be surprising that many acts of dishonesty and cheating in the real world are born from . Pressure to avoid getting an “F” in a class leads many students to bring cheat sheets into exams more so than does the possibility of getting an “A.” Pressure to avoid losing market share tempts those in business to break laws more often than does setting new sales records. Not owing the government additional money is a bigger motivator for cheating on taxes than is getting a bigger refund. Sure, in all these cases gains like the bigger sales figure or the bigger refund may motivate people to cheat, but the point is that they’ll never be as motivating as avoiding a loss of equal amount. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

harmony we must have with anyone motivation we think of as important fear of losing something we value pressure sometimes beneficial to us exams evaluating our positions

|4강 12|

55. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

않은 것은?55)

We have entered a very exciting era for behavioral and mental health care. Advances in artificial intelligence make it possible to build intelligent machines that ① enhance the quality, accessibility, and efficiency of care, while also providing entirely new capabilities. For example, the integration of natural language processing and ②practical reality has allowed for the creation of interactive intelligent virtual humans that can provide training, consultation, and treatments. Artificial intelligent agent systems can also assist with ③clinical decision-making and healthcare management. Advances in sensing technologies and affective computing haves enabled machines to detect, assess, and respond to emotional states. Robots capable of patient and medical provider interaction are now ④commercially available for use in the home and medical settings. Moreover, the use of machine learning and pattern recognition is improving public health surveillance, while brain mapping ⑤ initiatives now underway provide opportunities to model behavior and better understand normal and abnormal functions of the brain.

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|5강 3|

57. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한

곳은?57)

However, there are children who have experienced adversity in their childhood but who still attain well by the end of their schooling, who are emotionally secure or socially competent and who have reached their ‘individual potential’. Some children are faced with challenging events in their lives, but other children have a relatively more straightforward early life. (①) For example, children who have grown up in situations where there is absolute poverty, social problems, or abusive relationships, have been found to have significantly decreased life chances and may go on to have social or emotional maladjustment in their adult life. (②) It has been proposed that the source of this success relates to intrinsic motivation. (③) This is an innate and protective factor that enables an individual to deal with change, which psychologists call resilience. (④) Resilience has been found to allow children to reach the goals that teachers set, but, perhaps even more importantly, the goals they set for themselves. (⑤) 무단복제 및 전송은 마음껏 하세요! 오타와 오류에 대해서 절대 책임지지 않습니다.ㅋㅋㅋ

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58. (A),

(B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가

장 적절한 것은?58)

Some children are faced with challenging events in their lives, but other children have a (A) [relative / relatively] more straightforward early life. For example, children who have grown up in situations (B) [where / which] there is absolute poverty, social problems, or abusive relationships, have been found to have significantly decreased life chances and may go on to have social or emotional maladjustment in their adult life. However, there are children who have experienced adversity in their childhood but who still attain well by the end of their schooling, who are emotionally secure or socially competent and who (C) [has / have] reached their ‘individual potential’. It has been proposed that the source of this success relates to intrinsic motivation. This is an innate and protective factor that enables an individual to deal with change, which psychologists call resilience. Resilience has been found to allow children to reach the goals that teachers set, but, perhaps even more importantly, the goals they set for themselves.

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Some children are faced with challenging events in their lives, but other children have a relatively more straightforward early life. (①) For example, children who have grown up in situations where there is absolute poverty, social problems, or abusive relationships, have been found to have significantly decreased life chances and may go on to have social or emotional maladjustment in their adult life. (②) It has been proposed that the source of this success relates to intrinsic motivation. (③) This is an innate and protective factor that enables an individual to deal with change, which psychologists call resilience. (④) Resilience has been found to allow children to reach the goals that teachers set, but, perhaps even more importantly, the goals they set for themselves. (⑤)

|5강 4|

60. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절

한 곳은?60)

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) relatively relative relatively relative relatively

(B) where where which which where

Both said they came from families where the parents weren’t very communicative or intimate.

Bert and Betty Oliver met at a friend’s wedding. (①) For a year they sustained a long-distance romance complete with frequent plane trips and multipage phone bills. (②) Eventually Betty moved from Cincinnati to Chicago to be with Bert and they married six months later. (③) Bert and Betty were determined to learn from their parents’ mistake and made communication a priority in their relationship. (④) Although they squabbled occasionally, they usually addressed their differences before the anger boiled over. (⑤) They tried to be understanding of each other’s point of view and usually were able to arrive at a compromise. Married only two years when first interviewed, Betty expressed delight that she had been able to find “a truly nice man.” Bert still considered himself lucky that someone as lovely as Betty was interested in him. |5강 3|

59. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한

곳은?59)

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|5강 7|

61. 다음

63. 다음

글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?61)

When it comes to Korean pickles, napa cabbage kimchi is the avatar of all things Korean. Unlike the pickle slice that may or may not be next to your sandwich, kimchi is unquestionably a part of a Korean meal — it’s nonnegotiable. This single foodstuff has completely infiltrated Korean culture; there is kimjang, the annual joint kimchi-making ritual that happens each November all over the country; there is a kimchi museum in Seoul and a kimchi institute of culture; and one of the most requested wedding gifts of modern-day Koreans is a specialized kimchi refrigerator — for many, a fridge, with its precise temperature controls and large storage capabilities, beats the ancient practice of burying earthenware pots underground. Kimchi — its flavor, health-enhancing properties, and other virtues — is a frequent subject of conversation in Korea and, increasingly, beyond. For me, it just makes the taste of rice come alive, and eating some foods without it — such as fried rice, noodles, or beef tacos — feels like some sort of undue punishment. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

Many different Kinds of Korean Pickles Economic and Cultural History of Kimchi Positive Effects of Kimchi in Korea Kimchi : Most Important Foodstuff in Korea Tremendous Popularity of Kimchi Refrigerator

한 것은?63)

Let me spend a moment on the idea of adjusting to another person’s mental orientation. What I mean is this. At any moment, a person has a particular take on what is happening. The person notices this rather than that, and she has feelings and makes judgements about one rather than another aspect of events. If she is hungry, (A) , she may notice that a shop is selling groceries; her friend may notice only that it sells newspapers. If she is short of money, she may resent that the fruit is overpriced; meanwhile her friend may feel tempted by some juicy peaches. In one sense the two friends are experiencing the same shop and its contents, but they are having quite different experiences of that shop. A more extreme case arises when one person construes things in an idiosyncratic way, (B) , in mistaking the shop for a cinema. ① However ② In addition ④ In other words ⑤ For example

64. 다음

③ Hence

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하

지 않은 것은?64)

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?62)

It is sometimes difficult ① to know the boundaries of the “health system.” What should be included and excluded within a definition of health services, as opposed to other social services? For example, should the definition include pharmacies that not only dispense prescription drugs but also ② sells billions of dollars of nonprescription, over-the-counter preparations that people use to self-medicate? Clearly, the corner drugstore for many ③ is the source of primary care; thus, it is important to count it in the boundary of healthcare resources. What about the range of nontraditional healers, such as herbalists and therapeutic masseurs? Although they ④ do help people, they are excluded from the traditional health system ⑤ in that they cannot utilize the system’s major resources (such as hospitals) and often have only limited access to its insurance mechanisms.

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글의 (A), (B)에 공통으로 들어갈 연결사로 가장 적절

|5강 10|

|5강 8|

62.

|5강 9|

Economic growth is almost universally considered a ① worthwhile goal. Ecological conservation and cultural preservation are also accepted as important. These three large-scale systems are not ② dependent so one cannot focus on one goal while ignoring the other two. The ever-expanding web of globalization and industrialization, partly caused by the expanding human population, further ③ links these three systems. In 1987, the term ‘sustainable development’ was brought into common use by the World Commission on Environment and Development. The commission’s report, Our Common Future, defined the term as a form of development that“meets the needs of the present without ④ compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” Both developed and developing countries have ⑤ embraced the concept of sustainable development, but often in different ways. The shared goal, however, is to maintain and improve the long-term welfare of both humans and ecosystems.

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65.

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?65)

I think that I communicate in questions and statements equally. When I am at school, I am learning about new topics. I communicate more in questions because in order to understand new topics I need to ask questions. When I am at work, I speak more in statements. I use them because I am delegating tasks to the sales staff. When I am at home or with my family, it is a combination of the two. When I am asking questions it is generally because I want an answer. However, sometimes when I use questions with my friends and family, I am doing so to keep the conversation going. I think I am more likely to be interrupted because as a child growing up my father always taught me it is very rude to interrupt someone when they are speaking. You should only interrupt if it is an emergency that needs immediate attention. Otherwise, you should . When I get interrupted, I get annoyed because I give the person I am speaking with their chance to say what they have to say and I expect the same respect. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

intrude upon the conversation be given the chance to tell wait for that person it finish give your attention to that emergency keep your talk going on constantly

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(A) This should also be a golden rule with regard to SNS, but for children and young people it is much more difficult to estimate the consequences and potential serious impact of their actions in this environment. (B) With regard to peer-to-peer risks such as bullying, this last element is of particular importance. This relates to a basic principle that children are taught in the offline world as well: ‘do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you’. (C) Hence, raising awareness of children from a very early age about the particular characteristics of SNS and the potential long-term impact of a seemingly trivial act is crucial. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|6강 2|

67. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳

은?67)

The combination of these two forces in industrialized societies created a gap between childhood and adulthood. Adolescence is not a “natural” age division but a social invention. (①) In earlier centuries, people simply moved from childhood into young adulthood, with no stopover in between. (②) The Industrial Revolution brought such an abundance of material surpluses, however, that for the first time in history, millions of people in their teens were able to remain outside the labor force. (③) At the same time, education became a more important factor in achieving success. (④) In the early 1900s, the term adolescence was coined to indicate this new stage in life, one that has become famous for inner turmoil. (⑤)

06강

|6강 1|

66. 주어진

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?66)

In the context of SNS, media literacy has been argued to be especially important in order to make the users aware of their rights when using these tools, and also help them acquire or reinforce human rights values and develop the behaviour necessary to respect other people’s rights and freedoms.

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68. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?68)

The “cargo cult” is an example of observed patterns that have no basis in an underlying cause. The phrase originally described practices ① developed by the native inhabitants of islands in the South West Pacific after the Second World War. They’d observed first the Japanese and then the Allied soldiers building airstrips, marching, directing landing aircraft, and ② wearing certain styles of dress. Associated with these curious behaviors ③ were the arrival of giant flying machines carrying vast quantities of exotic material goods — canned food, clothes, vehicles, guns, radios, and so on — called “cargo” by the newcomers. When the war ended and the visitors left, the natives reasoned ④ that if they carried out the same sort of activities, the planes would return. So they built airstrips out of straw and coconuts, and dressed themselves to resemble the military personnel they’d encountered. They reproduced the waved landing signals from their “runways.” They’d observed a pattern — the curious behavior of the visitors followed by the arrival of rich rewards — and concluded that there was a connection. But the inferred relationship was not actually a causal ⑤ one.

|6강 3|

69.

다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?69)

The “cargo cult” is an example of observed patterns that have no basis in an underlying cause. The phrase originally described practices developed by the native inhabitants of islands in the South West Pacific after the Second World War. They’d observed first the Japanese and then the Allied soldiers building airstrips, marching, directing landing aircraft, and wearing certain styles of dress. Associated with these curious behaviors was the arrival of giant flying machines carrying vast quantities of exotic material goods — canned food, clothes, vehicles, guns, radios, and so on — called “cargo” by the newcomers. When the war ended and the visitors left, the natives reasoned that if they carried out the same sort of activities, the planes would return. So they built airstrips out of straw and coconuts, and dressed themselves to resemble the military personnel they’d encountered. They reproduced the waved landing signals from their “runways.” They’d observed a pattern — the curious behavior of the visitors followed by the arrival of rich rewards — and concluded that there was a connection. But the inferred relationship was not actually a causal one.

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① 원주민들은 일본군과 연합군이 하는 행동과 입는 옷을 관찰했다. ② 거대한 날아다니는 기계들이 이상한 행동들과 연관이 있음을 알아냈다. ③ 전쟁이 끝난 후 원주민들은 자신이 같은 종류의 행동을 한다면 비행기가 올 것이라고 믿었다. ④ 원주민들은 밀짚과 코코넛으로 활주로를 만들고 원주민들만의 옷을 입었다. ⑤ 하지만 원주민들이 추론한 관계는 사실상 인과관계가 아니었다.

|6강 4|

70. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한

곳은?70)

But people cucurbitacins.

are

not

the

only

ones

affected

No cucumbers burp, but compounds called cucurbitacins produced in the skin of the fruit can have an adverse effect on the digestive system of those who eat them. Cucurbitacins also taste bitter, ruining the best cucumber sandwich. (①) Due to genetic differences, one person in five can’t taste cucurbitacins at all, which explains why some people think others are crazy when they complain about bitter-tasting cucumbers. (②) But two in five people have an acute sensitivity to cucurbitacins, which makes it understandable if they think the rest of us are crazy for eating cucumbers at all. (③) The standard solution to the problem used to be simply peeling the offending skin. (④) Insect pests are attracted to the compounds and focus on cucumber plants that produce them, either naturally or through stress. (⑤) So when plant breeders developed “burpless” varieties, with little to no cucurbitacin in the skins, everyone was happy but the bugs.

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71. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

않은 것은?71)

One important type of evidence in court is character evidence, that is, evidence about a defendant’s traits and natural tendencies. In certain circumstances, the defense can introduce witnesses to describe positive characteristics of a defendant that would make it ① unlikely that he committed a particular crime. For example, a witness might testify that the defendant is kind and gentle, suggesting that he would be unlikely to have committed a cruel assault. Although one might expect this kind of testimony to help the defendant, research shows that positive character evidence has ② more effect on jurors’ guilt judgments or likelihood of conviction. Paradoxically, the use of character evidence may actually ③ increase the likelihood that a defendant will be convicted. This ironic outcome occurs because the prosecution is allowed to cross-examine character witnesses to try to show that they are not good judges of the defendant’s character. During cross-examination, prosecutors might ask a witness whether she knows about previous behaviors by the defendant that ④ contradict her testimony. For example, a prosecutor might say, “You said the defendant is kind and gentle. Are you aware that he was removed from high school after injuring another student in a fistfight?”Although jurors are only supposed to use this information to evaluate the credibility of the character witness, it may influence their impressions of the defendant as well. Research shows that a defendant is ⑤ more likely to be convicted when jurors hear positive character testimony that is cross-examined with negative information than when they hear no character evidence at all.

|6강 9|

72. (A),

(B), (C)의 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 가장 적절

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unreliable adolescents. Moreover, wage relations allowed masters to hire and fire young workers as the need arose. However, since employment relations implied no training, employers had no (C) [obligation / right] to instruct the young beyond what was required to perform the work at hand.

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) damages damages benefits benefits benefits

(B) - enhanced – reduced - enhanced - enhanced - reduced

|6강 10|

73. 주어진

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?73)

The majority of modern peoples, if asked to find the place within their body where the unique self resides, would say that they live about an inch above their eyebrows and about two inches into the skull. (A) For consciousness is highly mobile and is able to use a variety of locations in the body through which to process the information we receive from the world. The location that most people now identify as themselves, oriented in the brain, is only one of them. (B) But most indigenous and historical peoples would locate the self someplace very different. They would gesture in the region of the heart. (C) For most of our history of habitation on Earth, that is where the seat of intelligence, the seat of the soul, was located. That this has changed is more an expression of how and what we are taught in Western cultures than of some exact truth. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

한 것은?72)

Apprenticeship experienced a steep, and apparently permanent, decline as a result of industrialization. Insofar as it functioned as an economic exchange, its transformation into a wage relationship had several (A) [benefits / damages]. Wages greatly (B) [enhanced / reduced] the freedom of the young, permitting them to limit their hours of work, bring an end to tiring household chores, escape the master’s household and round-the-clock surveillance, and change employers freely. They also permitted poorer families to keep their older children at home by pooling incomes. Masters, too, were often happy to rid their homes of disobedient and 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

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74.

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가 장 적절한 것은?74)

However knowledgeable people are about waiting in their own country, learning to play this intricate game in a foreign culture (A) [is / are] tricky. The rules are often as diverse as the countries themselves. The British, for example, pride themselves on the orderliness of their queues. Israelis, on the other hand, stubbornly resist forming distinct lines. But when Leon Mann studied Israelis at bus stops, he found that they established implicit rules, so that commuters almost (B) [invariable / invariably] boarded the bus in order of arrival. This system, he observed, reflects the orderly, egalitarian nature of Israeli society, (C) [which / what] values independence and service according to need, but rejects regimentation. Reactions to waiting are also culturally diverse. One study, for example, found that Italian queues are more likely to be characterized by lighthearted conversation and a general atmosphere of cheerfulness, as opposed to the irritability and impatience that represent American lines. (A) ① is ② are ③ is ④ are ⑤ is

– – – – –

(B) variably invariably invariably variably invariably

다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?75)

However knowledgeable people are about waiting in their own country, learning to play this intricate game in a foreign culture is tricky. The rules are often as diverse as the countries themselves. The British, for example, pride themselves on the orderliness of their queues. Israelis, on the other hand, stubbornly resist forming distinct lines. But when Leon Mann studied Israelis at bus stops, he found that they established implicit rules, so that commuters almost invariably boarded the bus in order of arrival. This system, he observed, reflects the orderly, egalitarian nature of Israeli society, which values independence and service according to need, but rejects regimentation. Reactions to waiting are also culturally diverse. One study, for example, found that Italian queues are more likely to be characterized by lighthearted conversation and a general atmosphere of cheerfulness, as opposed to the irritability and impatience that represent American lines. 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

① 영국인들은 질서정연하게 줄 서서 기다리는 것을 자랑스러워한다. ② 이스라엘인은 뚜렷한 줄을 서는 것을 완강하게 반대한다. ③ 그러나 이스라엘인들은 암묵적인 규칙을 설정해서 순서대로 버스에 승차한다는 것을 알아냈다. ④ 이스라엘의 평등주의 본성은 자립과 봉사 및 통제를 거부하는 특성을 가진다. ⑤ 이탈리아인들은 줄 서서 기다릴 때 일반적으로 유쾌한 분위기로 특징지어진다.

07강

|7강 1|

76. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않

은 것은? 76)

|6강 11-12|

75.

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After conquering most of Asia, which was far more than Achilles could have claimed, Alexander ①preferred to liken himself to the demigod, Hercules, who was known for accomplishing seemingly impossible tasks. It stood to reason that Alexander would attempt to look like these heroes, and because painters and sculptors of his day rendered gods and heroes in the ②mortal splendor of youthful, beardless nudity, he did his best to follow suit. With limitless self-confidence, Alexander dared to do what no self-respecting Greek leader had ever done before: shave his face. Audaciously, he cast himself in an otherworldly image of ③ageless perfection, taking advantage of the fact that he was still only twenty-two years old when he led his forces into Asia. He did not, of course, ④shed his clothes in public, though Lysippos’s famous full-body bronze portrait Alexander with a Lance (now lost) was indeed nude. For the real conqueror, a smooth, youthful face with flowing curls of hair was the ⑤best he could do.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

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|7강 1|

77. 다음

79. 다음 글의 밑줄

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 77)

After conquering most of Asia, which was far more than Achilles could ① have claimed, Alexander preferred to liken himself to the demigod, Hercules, who was known for accomplishing seemingly impossible tasks. It stood to reason ② that Alexander would attempt to look like these heroes, and because painters and sculptors of his day rendered gods and heroes in the immortal splendor of youthful, beardless nudity, he did his best to follow suit. With limitless self-confidence, Alexander dared to do ③ what no self-respecting Greek leader had ever done before: shave his face. Audaciously, he cast himself in an otherworldly image of ageless perfection, ④ took advantage of the fact that he was still only twenty-two years old when he led his forces into Asia. He did not, of course, shed his clothes in public, though Lysippos’s famous full-body bronze portrait Alexander with a Lance (now lost) was indeed nude. For the real conqueror, a smooth, youthful face with flowing curls of hair ⑤ was the best he could do.

|7강 2|

78. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 78)

Wind energy has a few negatives. Wind power must compete with conventional generation sources on a cost basis. ① Even though the cost of wind power has decreased dramatically in the past ten years, the technology requires a higher initial investment than fossil-fueled generators. A challenge to ② use wind as a source of power is that the wind is intermittent and does not always blow when electricity is needed. Wind energy cannot be stored (unless batteries are being used), and not all winds can be harnessed ③ to meet the timing of electricity demands. Another problem is that good sites are often located in remote locations, far from cities ④ where the electricity is needed. Moreover, wind resource development may compete with other uses for the land, and those alternative uses may be more ⑤ highly valued than electricity generation.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

|7강 3| 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 79)

A classic example of persuasion ① occurred when I was attending army boot camp and was talking to my buddy while one of the sergeants was conducting a class on land mines. He abruptly interrupted our conversation and said, “You’d better listen to ② what I’m telling you, boy, because it could save your life.” From that point on, I was all ears because he ③ had persuaded me with a hook: my life. In the business world, you are constantly challenged to get people ④ do things you want them to do. If you’re the boss, you can apply manipulative tactics when you tell a subordinate, “Here’s a task I want you to do. Don’t ask any questions. Just do it.” Or you can apply persuasive tactics ⑤ like, “Here’s a task I’d like you to do. Before you get started, let’s first discuss why it’s important to you and our organization.” Leaders persuade with hooks. Idiots manipulate with force.

|7강 3|

80. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

않은 것은? 80)

A classic example of persuasion occurred when I was attending army boot camp and was talking to my buddy while one of the sergeants was conducting a class on land mines. He abruptly ① interrupted our conversation and said, “You’d better listen to what I’m telling you, boy, because it could save your life.” From that point on, I was all ears because he had ② frightened me with a hook: my life. In the business world, you are constantly challenged to get people to do things you want them to do. If you’re the boss, you can apply ③ manipulative tactics when you tell a subordinate, “Here’s a task I want you to do. Don’t ask any questions. Just do it.” Or you can apply ④ persuasive tactics like, “Here’s a task I’d like you to do. Before you get started, let’s first discuss why it’s important to you and our organization.” Leaders persuade with hooks. Idiots manipulate with ⑤ force.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|7강 3|

81. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은? 81) Or you can apply persuasive tactics like, “Here’s a task I’d like you to do. Before you get started, let’s first discuss why it’s important to you and our organization.” A classic example of persuasion occurred when I was attending army boot camp and was talking to my buddy while one of the sergeants was conducting a class on land mines. (①) He abruptly interrupted our conversation and said, “You’d better listen to what I’m telling you, boy, because it could save your life.” (②) From that point on, I was all ears because he had persuaded me with a hook: my life. (③) In the business world, you are constantly challenged to get people to do things you want them to do. (④) If you’re the boss, you can apply manipulative tactics when you tell a subordinate, “Here’s a task I want you to do. Don’t ask any questions. Just do it.” (⑤) Leaders persuade with hooks. Idiots manipulate with force.

|7강 4|

82.

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? 82)

For nearly two centuries, people in the United States have plowed or paved over the nation’s swamps and marshes. Rich wetland soils make highly productive farmlands, and sites near large rivers or the coast are desirable locations for development. (A) Researchers say that the flooding of the Gulf of Mexico coast from Hurricane Katrina in 2005 would have been much less extensive had the region not lost so much of its wetlands in the past century. Without wetlands, pollutants make their way more readily to streams, lakes, and the oceans. (B) These mysterious ecosystems are also home to creatures many people think of as undesirable, such as crocodiles and mosquitoes, which provides another reason to eliminate them. California has lost over 90% of its wetlands. (C) Now, nearly two-thirds of the state’s native fish are extinct, endangered, threatened, or in decline. Forested riparian wetlands near the Mississippi River once had the capacity to store about 60 days of river discharge but now can store only about 12 days. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

|7강 5~6|

83. 다음 글의

밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 83)

Anxiety, as I experience it, is deeply rooted in anticipation. If I am required ① to go somewhere that I know will be potentially agitating, then I can fall into an endless sequence of “what ifs” and theoretical scenarios. What is critical here is the word “theoretical.” What do I know for sure about an upcoming event? ② What value is there in mentally rehearsing multiple scenarios? How much of my anxiety is simply transferring negative past experiences into these scenarios without any real evidence? I have found that if I stick with what I actually know about an impending event (which turns out usually to be much less than one would think), then I can dump all my anxiety-generating scenarios into my “conjecture box.” Conjecture has ③ little weight in my cognition. Conjecture is something requiring additional data and further analysis. I am ④ much less likely to be anxious about something that cannot be solved due to lack of data. To me, in a very real sense, knowledge is power. The more I know about a future situation, the more I can anticipate the agitating factors and prepare ⑤ me. The more I know about what I don’t know, the more I can successfully move the future into my conjecture box, and remove some of its anxiety-producing power.

|7강 7|

84. 다음 글의 밑줄

친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

84)

Early humans did not possess any natural weapons, such as large sharp teeth, strong hoofs or poison, to defend ① themselves against the dangers lurking on the savannas. Neither ② did they operate in large herds. One wonders, therefore, how early humans survived the threat of being eaten by large predators. To answer this question, Adriaan Kortlandt experimented with a little machine ③ driven by an electric motor that could swing a couple of thorny branches around itself. Underneath this machine, he placed a piece of meat, which attracted a few lions. As soon as they approached the meat, the machine would start to spin, which made it hard, if not impossible, ④ to get closer to the meat without getting seriously hurt by the thorny branches. After one of the lions tried to do so anyway and got his nose injured, the lions gave up and retreated. It is, of course, impossible to know whether early humans actually defended themselves in such ways. The research done by Kortlandt only shows that such a strategy might ⑤ be effective.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ ) |7강 8|

85. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않

은 것은? 85)

The effect and implications of using images of animals in advertising are ① subtle. Animals used to sell products and services that are aimed at children are usually shown as silly or “cute.” “Tony the Tiger” is just one example of an animal image with which we are all ② familiar and that has come to be closely associated with a particular food product marketed to children. Tigers, many would argue, should be valued as the wild and ③ independent creatures that they are in nature, and should not be portrayed as friendly purveyors of breakfast cereal. Although most people would view the use of animal images as ④ harmless, many advocates of animal rights argue that these images exploit animals, contribute to the perpetuation of a view that ⑤ values animals, and ultimately contribute to a lack of respect for members of other species.

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(A) In his mind, it was clear that the heavier ball would fall faster than the lighter one would, and he concluded that this must be a law of nature. Once again, he did not consider doing an experiment to see which ball would fall faster. (B) This conclusion, however, was also incorrect. Eighteen centuries later, Galileo tried this experiment by dropping two balls of different masses off a building (the Leaning Tower of Pisa, according to legend). Galileo discovered, by experimental observation, that the two balls hit the ground at exactly the same time. Aristotle’s logical conclusion was again wrong. (C) Thus, Aristotle concluded this as a fact without actually counting the number of teeth in any mouths. Had he done so, he would have found that men and women have exactly the same number of teeth. As another example, Aristotle considered what would happen if he were to drop two balls identical in all ways but mass. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|7강 9|

86. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

않은 것은? 86)

|7강 10|

88. 다음 빈칸에

Organic material occurs naturally in aquatic environments: fish die, leaves fall into streams and soil washes into rivers. This kind of material is fairly ① insoluble, however. It breaks down quite slowly, so it does not ② demand a lot of oxygen all at once. It’s a different picture when you pour thousands of liters of sewage into a lake. Because sewage is made up of lots of small bits of organic material dissolved or suspended in water, it starts to break down very quickly, ③ diminishing an immediate demand for large amounts of oxygen. Furthermore, as it breaks down, reduction as well as oxidation can occur. When organic material is reduced, it liberates ammonia. Neither oxygen depletion nor ammonia liberation is ④ good for fish or other aquatic organisms. For example, salmon and trout require a minimum oxygen level of 6 milligrams per liter to live in a river. Trout cannot grow if the ammonia concentration ⑤ exceeds 0.025 milligrams per liter, and they will die if it exceeds 0.25 milligrams per liter.

들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? 88)

In Aristotle’s opinion, men were bigger and stronger than women, so it was logical to him that men would have more teeth than women do. Thus, Aristotle concluded this as a fact without actually counting the number of teeth in any mouths. Had he done so, he would have found that men and women have exactly the same number of teeth. As another example, Aristotle considered what would happen if he were to drop two balls identical in all ways but mass. In his mind, it was clear that the heavier ball would fall faster than the lighter one would, and he concluded that this must be a law of nature. Once again, he did not consider doing an experiment to see which ball would fall faster. This conclusion, however, was also incorrect. Eighteen centuries later, Galileo tried this experiment by dropping two balls of different masses off a building (the Leaning Tower of Pisa, according to legend). Galileo discovered, by _______________, that the two balls hit the ground at exactly the same time. Aristotle’s logical conclusion was again wrong.

|7강 10|

87. 주어진

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? 87)

In Aristotle’s opinion, men were bigger and stronger than women, so it was logical to him that men would have more teeth than women do.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

① logical thinking ② excellent insight ③ his own experiences ④ his creative hypothesis ⑤ experimental observation

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|7강 11~12|

89. 다음 글의

밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 89)

91. 주어진 글 다음에

The lack of real, direct experience in and with nature has caused many children ① to regard the natural world as mere abstraction, that fantastic, beautifully filmed place filled with endangered rainforests and polar bears in danger. This exaggerated, often fictionalized version of nature is no more real — and yet no less real — to them than the everyday nature right outside their doors, ② waits to be discovered in a child’s way, at a child’s pace. Consider the University of Cambridge study which found that a group of eight-year-old children was able to identify substantially more Pokemon characters than common wildlife species. One wonders ③ whether our children’s inherent capacity to recognize, classify, and order information about their environment — abilities once essential to our very survival — is slowly devolving to facilitate life in their increasingly virtualized world. It’s all part of what Robert Pyle first called “the extinction of experience.” This should ring alarm bells for parents and caregivers, ④ because that direct experience in nature, we now understand, is nothing short of vital to our children’s intellectual, emotional, physical, and spiritual development. Mounting research demonstrates that, at this most critical time in life, interaction with nature affords children the pleasurable multisensory experiences that challenge their minds, invigorate their bodies, restore their spirits, and sharpen their focus. And it is perhaps a parent’s first and best medicine for addressing ⑤ that trio of decidedly modern childhood disorders today: obesity, attention deficit, and media addiction.

08강 |8강 1|

90. 다음 글의 밑줄

친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 90)

While timely and sensational topics might initially draw readers to your blog, thorough research supporting your posts is what will keep readers ① coming back. Often even a single mistake in one of your posts is enough to put off readers so that they never return. ② Take the time to research information online. Of course, you’re entitled to your opinion, but be careful ③ to support whatever position you take, whatever statements you represent as “true,” with reasonable and confident evidence. When researching online, consider the source. If your source is simply ④ another blog, you should continue searching for a more reputable source to clarify information or certify points. If there is no other source either confirming or denying the information, ⑤ making it clear that you are merely identifying information from another post which you have not been able to verify. 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

|8강 1| 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? 91)

While timely and sensational topics might initially draw readers to your blog, thorough research supporting your posts is what will keep readers coming back. Often even a single mistake in one of your posts is enough to put off readers so that they never return. (A) If there is no other source either confirming or denying the information, make it clear that you are merely identifying information from another post which you have not been able to verify. (B) When researching online, consider the source. If your source is simply another blog, you should continue searching for a more reputable source to clarify information or certify points. (C) Take the time to research information online. Of course, you’re entitled to your opinion, but be careful to support whatever position you take, whatever statements you represent as “true,” with reasonable and confident evidence. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|8강 2|

92. 다음 글의 밑줄

친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

92)

Pots, bags, and baskets — and eventually bottles — were central to early preservation technologies. Innovation in this realm was a long and drawn-out process extending across millennia, and ① one that does not easily give up all of its clues. Early containers were no doubt made from perishable materials such as leaves or grass or leather, ② leaving little or no trace in the archaeological record. Later technologies of ceramics and glass radically expanded human capacity to preserve nature and made ③ possible the great ancient civilizations of China, India, Sumer, and Mesoamerica. Changes along these lines accelerated after the Industrial Revolution, especially in the generation around 1900. Industrial containerization made it possible ④ to distribute foods throughout the globe; think only of what it would be ⑤ alike to live in a world without tin cans, cardboard cartons, and bottled drinks.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

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|8강 3|

93. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않

은 것은? 93)

The book Bat 21 tells the story of an Air Force navigator whose plane was shot down over North Vietnam during the Vietnam War. The plane was ① equipped with a new and sophisticated navigational system that the North Vietnamese wanted to know more about. As the only survivor of the crash, the navigator spent several days hiding in the jungle, narrowly ② avoiding capture. He finally made radio contact with the U.S. forces. He knew that the North Vietnamese were monitoring the radio, but he had to use it if he was going to get out ③ alive. Finally, the Americans came up with a strategy suggested by an Air Force golfing buddy of the navigator. They decided to use the navigator’s knowledge of golf courses throughout the world to direct him to a safe pick-up spot. By reminding the navigator of a certain hole at a specific golf course, they would ④ clue him in to what direction and how far to go. The Vietnamese could hear every word and still ⑤ understand what the Americans were talking about.

|8강 4|

94. 글의 흐름으로

보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳

은? 94)

And then I ended up unexpectedly going to France, where I went on a writer/artist retreat and developed the idea of a new book. If you wonder how things work, and you follow your curiosity, you never know where the information you gather will lead you. (①) When my daughter Molly was little, one of her favorite things was a paper-folding kit and book. (②) I was curious about it and found myself unexplainably drawn to playing with it. (③) Years later, when I wanted to design a wastebin with some cardboard, I realized the art of paper-folding held the answer to the burning question, “How do I fold this so it’s nice and compact?” (④) More recently, I picked up a brochure about free conversational French being offered at my local library and decided to take the classes. (⑤) Not only that, I just took a blacksmithing course for no other reason than I was curious about it. Now I’m wondering how I’ll use what I learned later on!

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

|8강 4|

95. 다음

글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? 95)

If you wonder how things work, and you follow your curiosity, you never know where the information you gather will lead you. When my daughter Molly was little, one of her favorite things was a paper-folding kit and book. I was curious about it and found myself unexplainably drawn to playing with it — and years later, when I wanted to design a wastebin with some cardboard, I realized the art of paper-folding held the answer to the burning question, “How do I fold this so it’s nice and compact?” More recently, I picked up a brochure about free conversational French being offered at my local library and decided to take the classes. And then I ended up unexpectedly going to France, where I went on a writer/artist retreat and developed the idea of a new book. Not only that, I just took a blacksmithing course for no other reason than I was curious about it. Now I’m wondering how I’ll use what I learned later on! ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

아이들의 호기심은 어른만큼 존중받아야 한다. 다양한 취미활동은 통해 자녀와의 유대감을 형성한다. 예술가의 감성은 새로운 장소에서 두드러지게 나타난다. 호기심에 끌려서 배운 것들이 새로운 경험을 가져 온다. 자녀와 함께하는 학습활동은 아이에게 지적 호기심을 유발 한다. |8강 5~6|

96. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않

은 것은? 96)

Rights that do not rest on special relationships, roles, or situations are important. For example, the rights to life, free speech, and religion are widely accepted, not just as the entitlements of some specific political or legal system but as fundamental moral rights. More ① controversial, but often championed as moral rights, are the rights to medical care, decent housing, education, and work. ② Moral rights that are not the result of particular roles, special relationships, or specific circumstances are called human rights. They have some important characteristics. First, human rights are ③ universal. For instance, if the right to life is a human right, as most of us believe it is, then everyone, everywhere, and at all times, has that right. By contrast, there is nothing universal about your right that I keep my promise to help you move or about my right to drive 65 miles per hour on certain roads. Second, and closely related, human rights are equal rights. If the right to free speech is a human right, then everyone has this right ④ unevenly. No one has a greater right to free speech than anyone else. However, your daughter has a ⑤ greater right than do the daughters of other people to your emotional and financial support. 무단복제 및 전송은 마음껏 하세요! 오타와 오류에 대해서 절대 책임지지 않습니다.ㅋㅋㅋ

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|8강 5~6|

97. 다음 글의

빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? 97)

Rights that do not rest on special relationships, roles, or situations are important. (A)__________, the rights to life, free speech, and religion are widely accepted, not just as the entitlements of some specific political or legal system but as fundamental moral rights. More controversial, but often championed as moral rights, are the rights to medical care, decent housing, education, and work. Moral rights that are not the result of particular roles, special relationships, or specific circumstances are called human rights. They have some important characteristics. First, human rights are universal. For instance, if the right to life is a human right, as most of us believe it is, then everyone, everywhere, and at all times, has that right. (B)__________, there is nothing universal about your right that I keep my promise to help you move or about my right to drive 65 miles per hour on certain roads. Second, and closely related, human rights are equal rights. If the right to free speech is a human right, then everyone has this right equally. No one has a greater right to free speech than anyone else. However, your daughter has a greater right than do the daughters of other people to your emotional and financial support.

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) For instance For instance Thus However However

(B) Similarly In contrast Nevertheless In contrast Similarly

Moral rights that are not the result of particular roles, special relationships, or specific circumstances are called human rights. (①)They have some important characteristics. First, human rights are universal. (②) For instance, if the right to life is a human right, as most of us believe it is, then everyone, everywhere, and at all times, has that right. (③) Second, and closely related, human rights are equal rights. If the right to free speech is a human right, then everyone has this right equally. (④) No one has a greater right to free speech than anyone else. (⑤) However, your daughter has a greater right than do the daughters of other people to your emotional and financial support.

|8강 7|

99. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

99)

Why can’t we live forever? Why can’t we make human disease a thing of the past? Why is it taking such a long time ① to cure cancer? These are the sorts of questions that schoolkids often pose to popular science bloggers, student forums, and the “Ask a Scientist” columns of daily newspapers, but they are no less ② interesting for that. Yet human life expectancy is increasing rapidly in countries worldwide and in some now ③ exceeds eighty years. A recent study shows that the difference today in the decrease in human mortality between hunter-gatherers and modern Western-lifestyle populations is greater than ④ those between hunter-gatherers and wild chimpanzees. The bulk of this mortality reduction has occurred in just the last four generations of the roughly eight thousand generations of humans that have ever lived. You only have to look at the incredible advances over the last century in surgery, public health, immunology, and transplantation to see ⑤ what a success story modern medicine has been.

|8강 5~6|

98. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한

곳은? 98)

By contrast, there is nothing universal about your right that I keep my promise to help you move or about my right to drive 65 miles per hour on certain roads. 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

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|8강 7|

100. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

않은 것은? 100)

Why can’t we live forever? Why can’t we make human disease a thing of the ① past? Why is it taking such a long time to cure cancer? These are the sorts of questions that schoolkids often pose to popular science bloggers, student forums, and the “Ask a Scientist” columns of daily newspapers, but they are no ② less interesting for that. Yet human life expectancy is increasing rapidly in countries worldwide and in some now ③ exceeds eighty years. A recent study shows that the difference today in the decrease in human mortality between hunter-gatherers and modern Western-lifestyle populations is ④ greater than that between hunter-gatherers and wild chimpanzees. The bulk of this mortality ⑤ increase has occurred in just the last four generations of the roughly eight thousand generations of humans that have ever lived. You only have to look at the incredible advances over the last century in surgery, public health, immunology, and transplantation to see what a success story modern medicine has been.

|8강 8|

102. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 102)

Time in cyberspace can feel accelerated, in part due to the fact ① that online environments change rapidly. Our subjective sense of time is linked to the rate of change in what happens around us. The more things change, the faster time seems to go. It requires ② little effort to move around cyberspace, so the people and groups we encounter differ from one moment to the next. If you are a member of an online community for just a year, you might ③ be considered an old-timer. During addictive and highly immersive experiences, time seems to pass ④ so quickly that it almost disappears. Everyone is familiar with the experience of intending to spend just a few minutes online, then two hours later ⑤ realizes you far exceeded your limit.

|8강 9|

103. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

않은 것은? 103)

|8강 8|

101. 주어진 글 다음에

이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? 101)

Time in cyberspace can feel accelerated, in part due to the fact that online environments change rapidly. Our subjective sense of time is linked to the rate of change in what happens around us. (A) Everyone is familiar with the experience of intending to spend just a few minutes online, then two hours later realizing you far exceeded your limit. (B) The more things change, the faster time seems to go. It requires little effort to move around cyberspace, so the people and groups we encounter differ from one moment to the next. (C) If you are a member of an online community for just a year, you might be considered an old-timer. During addictive and highly immersive experiences, time seems to pass so quickly that it almost disappears. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

Very recently, scientists have been able to add a level of complexity to the classification of organisms. Researchers now use genetic or molecular techniques to ① complement taxonomic techniques. Specifically, they look at organisms’ DNA in order to classify them according to their degree of relatedness. This capability is important because animals frequently seem to belong in the ② same category based on a similar appearance when, in fact, these distant relatives have come to take on a similar appearance because it became advantageous for one reason or another. As an example of such misleading ③ similarities in appearance, many flies look like bumble bees (likely because the sting of a bumble bee may make predators think twice). Though they look superficially like bumble bees, genetic and taxonomic techniques ④ confirm that they are as related as dogs are to cats. Genetic studies can also help with the problem of having only dead specimens to study; wasps and bees can look extraordinarily ⑤ different to each other when their behavior can’t be observed. Molecular studies, which can be conducted using dead specimens, can confirm that they are truly distant cousins.

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|8강 10|

104. 다음

09강

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? 104)

|9강 1|

During the first week I visited New York, I became a student of the crowd. In the streets, I discovered that New Yorkers never look up at the awe-inspiring buildings towering above them. They move fast and efficiently through dense crowds, as if they have a Teflon coat, very rarely bumping into one another. And in the subway, where everyone must stand still as the train rattles from station to station, not only don’t people make eye contact, but they exist in their own extremely tight universe, as if wearing an invisible space suit. It’s kind of like driving on the freeway, except that your personal space is only half an inch from your clothes. I marveled that people could live so close — that you could literally be surrounded by thousands who were only inches away — and yet be completely ____________. I found it hard to imagine. ① connected ④ involved

② isolated ⑤ visible

③ dependent

106.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 106)

Research has shown that high levels of automation for tasks can put users out-of-the-loop, ① leading to low levels of situation awareness. As long as situation awareness is ② compromised, the ability of the user to be an effective decision maker is threatened. In 1996, an American Airlines B-757 crashed in the mountains around Cali, Colombia. The crew had lost awareness of the actions of the aircraft’s automated flight management system computer that was providing navigation and ③ was unable to regain sufficient situation awareness to resume safe control of the aircraft. While a person does not need to perform every task, the person does need to be in control of managing ④ that the systems are doing in order to maintain the situation awareness ⑤ needed for successful performance across a wide variety of conditions and situations. |9강 2|

107.

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은 ?107)

|8강 11~12|

105. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 105)

One of the most important and often-forgotten truths about any banking system ① is that it simply cannot exist without the government. Lending and borrowing have taken place for as long as recorded history. Before the nation-state, borrowing and lending were connected to religious temples, the nucleus of each society. But the banking system we know today, which allows for the development of modern economies by issuing bank notes, lending, and accepting deposits, ② starting with an original transaction between the state and private bankers. The Bank of England was formed in 1694 because King William III needed a loan of 1.2 million pounds ③ to finance a war against France. Forty London merchants joined forces to issue the loan. In return, the crown gave them a monopoly on issuing bank notes — the beginning of state-sponsored paper money. The notes were, in fact, the king’s promise to pay back the loan. He never ④ paid it back and those notes and their successors have been circulating and multiplying ever since. The Bank of England and the network of banks it created became the model for the world’s current banking system — a model ⑤ where the bank initially existed to meet the needs of the state. Italy, Spain, and France, too, created the first banks to help the monarchy fund a war. The United States came late to the game, but it, too, formed a banking system whose existence depended on the state.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

Tourism is a double-edged sword, which on one hand grants economic benefits through the sale of tickets and visitors spending on hotels and restaurants, but on the other, places stress on the communities who live in the destinations. (A) Problems arise, however, with relatively new World Heritage Sites, particularly those in lesser developed economies that are anxious to acquire the developmental benefits of tourism. For such countries, the fact that tourism can be an environmental or cultural threat is far outweighed by its perceived advantages. (B) Even though there are positive impacts from tourism, it is not always the people who live in World Heritage Sites who benefit. Some sites, for example, charge as much as US$20 for entrance, but there may be little transparency about how this money is used. (C) Venice is a case in point since it benefits financially from its buoyant tourism industry, but struggles to cope with the attendant conservation problems associated with such a large annual influx of tourists. Venice is, however, in the relatively fortunate position of being able to explore ways of managing visitors on its own terms because it is so well established as a destination that it is assured repeat visitation. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

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도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr) |9강 8|

|9강 3|

108.

110.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 108)

Several studies have investigated the cognition and perception of vocal lyrics in songs. Serafine and her colleagues studied the effect of lyrics on participants’ memory for songs. Results showed that melody recognition was near chance ① unless the melody’s original words (i.e., words that were presented with the music during encoding) were present, ② suggested that music and speech were combined into a single coherent object when ③ encoded in the same stream. More recently, Weiss and his colleagues examined the effect of timbre (including voice) on memory and preference for music. Results showed ④ that melodies with the voice were better recognized than all other instrumental melodies. The authors suggest that the biological significance of the human voice ⑤ provides a greater depth of processing and enhanced memory.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 110)

Many well-intentioned pediatricians, ① despite evidence to the contrary, still inform parents that a child will grow out of their asthma over time. However, the facts speak otherwise. A child with physician-diagnosed asthma is viewed as having a lifelong condition. It has been recognized that a significant proportion of children with asthma ② does not show any symptoms of the disease as they reach adolescence. The absence of chest symptoms for years can understandably lead a pediatrician to conclude ③ that their adolescent patient’s asthma has disappeared. Because pediatricians rarely care for their patients after they reach their late teens or early twenties, they will be unaware that their former patient’s asthma symptoms ④ have returned. Typically, adults in their late twenties or thirties who develop asthmatic symptoms will recall ⑤ having had mild asthma as a child and are surprised that they continue to have asthma in adulthood or, as they describe, have it “come back after so many years.”

|9강 4|

109.

글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한

|9강 9|

111.

다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? 111)

곳은?109)

This tendency to smile even when you don’t feel like it developed in childhood, when our parents persuaded us into smiling for the camera or for other people even though we didn’t feel like it. Whatever you do, please don’t paste a fake smile on your face. Plastic smiles do damage to your soul. ① We’ve all known people who’ve worn silly grins while they talked about something sad. ② Making kids smile when they aren’t up to it sends a message that it’s not OK to be authentic. ③ Even in front of the camera it’s better to capture genuine irritable faces than false stares. ④ The most fascinating snapshots are truthful, those that catch people being real. ⑤ Fake people plaster on smiles when they’d rather be crying, or they smile when they’re angry or sad. Slowly they lose touch with their souls.

One day in 1905, a 19-year-old Moscow newspaper reporter, called Solomon Shereshevsky, turned up for work as usual and waited for the daily meeting with the editor of the paper where assignments for the day would be given out. Unlike any of his colleagues, but as was his usual practice, Solomon did not take any notes about the meeting. The editor had noticed this before with surprise and this time decided to reproach Solomon. After all, often there were numerous names and addresses given out and Solomon ought to record the details. The editor decided to test Solomon by asking for details of what he had said. Solomon proceeded to repeat all that he had been told, word for word. This incident changed Solomon’s life forever and was the starting point of his new career as the world’s greatest mnemonist or ‘memory man’. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

Importance in Interaction at Meetings Solomon : Outstanding Memory Memory : the Best Condition of a Newspaper Reporter Solomon : Bureaucratic Inadequacy Establishment of Memory Specialist Company

|9강 10|

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112.

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10강

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은? 112)

International maritime codes specify that more maneuverable vessels must keep out of the way of less maneuverable vessels. The captains of more maneuverable vessels, such as power-driven boats, are responsible for avoiding less steerable vessels, such as sailing ships, and ships engaged in fishing, and vessels not under command. It is ① easier for powerboats to avoid hitting sailing ships than vice versa. Aviation codes are based on the same principle. The right of way of the sky ranks craft in order of the ② ease with which they can be controlled. Airplanes in normal operation, which are the most easily maneuvered aircraft, have the lowest priority in right of way. Airplanes refueling other aircraft, which are ③ less easily maneuvered, have a greater right of way than airplanes in normal operation. Balloons, which are still less maneuverable than airplanes refueling other aircraft, have a ④ higher priority right of way. Finally, aircraft in distress have the ⑤ lowest priority right of way of all, since an aircraft in distress is very difficult or impossible to control.

|9강 11|

113.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

113)

We should not forget ① that the integrated body possesses a wholeness; if you analyze it, it can be reduced to cells and atoms and electrons but the phenomena that these atoms or electrons express themselves cannot simulate what the integrated body expresses. For instance, it is nonsense to explain why birds fly and fish swim in terms of cells which cannot fly or swim. In this way we can understand ② that living things or the life of living things means and that there are differences between the two worlds. One is the world of matter or cells which constitute living things or the life of living things, but they are on a lower level and in a different world from ③ the other world of living things which is an integration of them. Physics and chemistry, which ④ deal with matter, developed earlier and independently of biology. At present, cellular research is still included in biology, but in the future we may imagine ⑤ that cytology will develop into a distinct interdisciplinary field that deals with an area somewhere between living things and matter.

|10강 1|

114. 다음

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?114)

In mature markets, breakthroughs that lead to a major change in competitive positions and to the growth of the market are rare. Because of this, competition becomes a zero sum game in which one organization can only win at the expense of others. However, where the degree of competition is particularly intense a zero sum game can quickly become a negative sum game, in that ____________________. As an example of this, when one of the major high street banks in Britain tried to gain a competitive advantage by opening on Saturday mornings, it attracted a number of new customers who found the traditional Monday-Friday bank opening hours to be a constraint. However, faced with a loss of customers, the competition responded by opening on Saturdays as well. The net effect of this was that, although customers benefited, the banks lost out as their costs increased but the total number of customers stayed the same. In essence, this proved to be a negative sum game. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

competition is avoided by everyone in the market economic pie can be shared by a few competitors everyone in the market is faced with additional costs product quality can be enhanced for the customers negative outcome for someone can be extremely high

|10강 2|

115. 다음

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?115)

Being a “good team player” can have a downside, because the consensus of a group can sometimes be misguided or dangerous. _______ might save the group from making mistakes, but the pressure to conform despite individual doubts — sometimes called groupthink — can lead to disaster. For instance, groupthink was at work in high-level meetings preceding the space shuttle Columbia disaster in 2003. Transcripts of those meetings at NASA show that the official who ran shuttle management meetings, a non-engineer, believed from the beginning that foam insulation debris could not damage the spacecraft. When an engineer expressed his concerns, she dismissed the issue and cut off discussion. The others present quickly fell into line with the person running the meeting. A few days later, damage caused by foam insulation debris caused Columbia to break apart on reentry into the Earth’s atmosphere. ① Dissent ④ Ignorance

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② Fright ⑤ Expertise

③ Disrespect

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도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr) |10강 5~7|

|10강 3|

116. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?116) Lee Ross and his students published a dramatic set of studies demonstrating what they named the “false consensus effect.” (A) For example, there is a definite tendency to believe that a larger percentage of the voters prefer your favored candidate than actually favor that candidate. The habit even includes beliefs about the candidates themselves, with voters thinking that their favored candidates are more like them than they actually are. (B) Those who agreed to wear the sign thought 63% of their peers would comply; those who refused thought 23% would comply. There are now more than 100 studies demonstrating similar effects on predictions of peers’ knowledge, attitudes, and actions. (C) College students were asked if they would be willing to perform various outrageous acts on campus (e.g., walking around for 30 minutes wearing a large sandwich board), and then were asked what proportion of the rest of the student body would be willing to perform that act. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

118. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절

한 곳은?118)

As he went out into the passageway he met an old woman who asked him to direct her to the royal washer-woman. Carl von Weber, after passing through many trials and hardships during his youthful years of theatrical wandering with his ill-tempered old father, finally settled down as private secretary to the younger brother of the king, Frederick of Wurttemberg. Now, the Duke was a big spender, and when he got short of money it was Weber’s duty, as secretary, to go to the king and try to secure the reckless Duke another appropriation. (①) Not a very enviable mission was this, as the king was a man of rude manners and violent temper, of which the poor secretary got the full benefit. (②) One day, after some particularly insulting treatment at this unworthy monarch’s hands, Weber left the room with fury, declaring he would never go back. (③) Weber, still boiling with the rage which policy compelled him to conceal in the king’s presence, pointed to the door of the king’s private apartment, saying, “There.” (④) So in walked the old woman; and, not recognizing the monarch, she told him the young man outside had said she would find the washer-woman there. (⑤) This so enraged the king that summoning an officer, he ordered Weber thrown into prison.

|10강 4|

117. 다음

글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?117)

Sleep, rather than rest, and when the term ‘unconsciousness’ can be used, is certainly to be found in insects. For example, at night the bee sleeps for about 6-8 hours, when it will often have ‘droopy’ antennae, and be fairly unresponsive to other bees bumping into it. Although most insects have very good eyes, there are no eyelids, and so we cannot tell from their eyes whether they are asleep. However, as antennae are just as important as eyes, and probably more so, droopy antennae certainly indicate that the animal is not in contact with reality and is not just resting. Bees, as well as flies, can easily be sleep deprived by keeping them in continuously moving jars, so that the insects have to fly about all the time. When the jar stops moving they settle down and are even less responsive than normal to further, gentle shaking of the jar. It is as if their sleep has become deeper in compensation for its loss. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

reaction of insects under sleep deprivation difference between sleep and rest in insects characteristics and evidence of sleeping insects similarities between insects and other animals necessity of sleep like rest for various insects

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

|10강 5~7|

119. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?119)

Carl von Weber, after passing through many trials and hardships during his youthful years of theatrical wandering with his ill-tempered old father, finally ① settling down as private secretary to the younger brother of the king, Frederick of Wurttemberg. Now, the Duke was a big spender, and when he got short of money it was Weber’s duty, as secretary, ② to go to the king and try to secure the reckless Duke another appropriation. Not a very enviable mission was this, as the king was a man of rude manners and violent temper, ③ of which the poor secretary got the full benefit. One day, after some particularly insulting treatment at this unworthy monarch’s hands, Weber left the room with fury, declaring he would never go back. As he went out into the passageway he met an old woman who asked him to direct her to the royal washer-woman. Weber, still boiling with the rage ④ which policy compelled him to conceal in the king’s presence, ⑤ pointed to the door of the king’s private apartment, saying, “There.” So in walked the old woman; and, not recognizing the monarch, she told him the young man outside had said she would find the washer-woman there.

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|10강 8|

120. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절

한 곳은?120)

In the mid-seventeenth century, however, the East India Company destroyed this age-old state of affairs, turning the worlds of English industry, trade, fashion, and social rank upside down in just a few decades. Until well into the modern era, textiles were the world’s primary manufactured product. (①) Often woven with silver, gold, and silk, they were also the chief form of stored wealth for both rich and poor; most families wore their estate on their backs and hung it on their walls and windows. (②) More to the point, people inherited these textile treasures from their parents; fashions would remain relatively unchanged for centuries, and all but the wealthiest possessed only a few items. (③) Styles not only were static over time but were also rigidly divided by class. (④) An inflexible social structure, reinforced by sumptuary laws, determined just who could wear what. (⑤) The Company’s instrument in this commercial revolution was cotton.

|10강 10|

122. 다음

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?122)

Since the concept of a teddy bear is very obviously not a genetically inherited trait, we can be confident that we are looking at a cultural trait. However, it is a cultural trait that seems to be under the guidance of another, genuinely biological trait: the cues that attract us to babies (high foreheads and small faces). Cute, baby-like features are inherently appealing, producing a nurturing response in most humans. Teddy bears ______________ — however slight this may have been initially — were thus more popular with customers. Teddy bear manufacturers obviously noticed which bears were selling best and so made more of these and fewer of the less popular models, to maximize their profits. In this way, the selection pressure built up by the customers resulted in the evolution of a more baby-like bear by the manufacturers. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

that that that that that

had a more baby-like appearance other people would like to choose parents of babies want to purchase maximize profits of manufacturers manufacturers intend to produce

|10강 9|

121. 다음

밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않

은 것은?121)

Part of the challenge children face is in training their eyes to move from left to right across lines of print. The eye is ① controlled by small muscle movements, and for children small muscle movements are a ② challenge in and of themselves. When the eyes move across a line of print, they make a series of jumps, stopping briefly to focus. An experienced adult reader typically sees two letters to the left side of the point of focus and six to eight letters to the right. The ③ inexperienced child reader, however, sees one letter to the left and one letter to the right of their point of focus. This physical reality explains why children learning to read find it ④ difficult to decode words made up of fewer than five letters. As their eye muscles begin to develop, they are gradually able to take in ⑤ more on the right side of the point of focus and they can handle longer, unfamiliar words.

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|10강 11|

123. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절

한 곳은?123)

But we already know the dangers of assuming cause and effect — just because she ate the watermelon before recovery does not mean that it caused her recovery. You cannot infer a general rule from a single experience — especially someone else’s. (①) Anecdotal evidence is often the most difficult advice to resist because it is based on someone else’s personal experience, which can sound extremely convincing and compelling. (②) If your next-door neighbour recovered from cancer after a watermelon diet, that can sound very persuasive. (③) Remember, too, that only survivors speak: perhaps 50 other people died of cancer after trying the ‘miracle watermelon cure’. (④) Anecdotal reports can give an unbalanced perspective. (⑤) Now, if there had been a randomised controlled trial showing that patients who ate watermelon survived twice as long, that would have been a different story.

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124. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?124)

The effective use of time is one of the ultimate ways to display authority, even when you don’t have ① it. Whoever controls time controls the situation in most instances. They will always remind anyone who wants to meet with them ② that their time is valuable. However, there may be situations where you will want to reverse your use of tight time tactics. Let’s say you have agreed to meet with one of your peers to discuss a difficult situation that ③ has developed between your two respective departments. You need more help from your peer than she needs from you to get things ④ resolved, even though you’ve told her your time is limited. When she enters your office at the appointed hour, take your watch off ostentatiously, and place it face down on your desk. Say, “My time belongs to you for as long as you need it.” ⑤ Watching the cooperation level of your peer go up exponentially at the outset of your meeting. You’ll be able to get anything you want from her.

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(A) However, because the tests are costly and take time to produce results, many physicians used to skip those tests, assume a bacterial infection, and prescribe antibiotics. Not only would the antibiotics be ineffective for helping overcome viral infections, but the unintended consequence is that we have an increasing number of bacteria strains resistant to what were once effective medications. (B) Antibiotics can be effective for treating bacterial infections, but they are useless for viral infections. There are certainly tests to help determine whether the source of a sinus infection is viral or bacterial. (C) However, if a physician missed a presenting symptom or did not rule out alternate hypotheses, then the treatment would not meet the actual need of the patient, and the result would not be the desired one. A classic example of this is the overuse of antibiotics. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|11강 3|

126. (A),

(B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가

장 적절한 것은?126)

Because we place such a high value on doing things quickly in our culture, it can be (A)[easy / difficult] to live with a nervous system that needs more time to process information. Kids and adults who are slower at these types of processing tasks are sometimes assumed to be lacking in intelligence, but this really isn’t the case. However, processing speed does interact with other areas of cognitive functioning by (B)[positively / negatively] impacting the ability to quickly come up with an answer, retrieve information from long-term memory, and remember what you’re supposed to be doing at a given time. In other words, it’s possible that someone with slow processing speed will, as a result, be impaired in other areas of thinking and may even score lower on tests of intelligence, but this isn’t necessarily the case, since being cognitively compromised in one area isn’t the same as being (C)[more / less] intelligent overall. |11강 2|

125. 주어진

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을

고르시오.125)

The majority of medical errors are flaws in thinking rather than technical or implementation flaws. Through ample use of checklists and structured decision-making models, medical procedures are generally implemented with high precision.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) easy easy difficult difficult difficult

(B) positively negatively positively negatively positively

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ ) |11강 4|

127. 주어진

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을

고르시오.127)

The worst drought since record keeping began about a century ago began in 2005, bringing many problems to the Amazon basin. (A) Crops rot because they cannot be transported to market, and children cannot get to school. Fish die in the shallow water, forcing people to depend on government food packages. (B) In western Brazil, there were three times as many fires in September 2005 as during September 2004. In some areas water levels have dropped so low that some communities that depend on streams for transportation are completely isolated. (C) Streams do not flow enough to remove human waste, and the backup of sewage raises fears of an epidemic of cholera and other waterborne illnesses. Stagnant pools allow mosquitoes to breed, which has the potential to increase the number of cases of malaria. The Amazon drought was blamed on high ocean temperatures in the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, which are likely the result of global warming. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

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(C) Now that the ride dilemma was solved, Tom and I continued talking. During the course of our conversation, I learned that (c) he knew someone who knew a person who knew my daughter. It reminded me of the party game where you try to connect any given movie star in the history of motion pictures to a movie featuring the actor Kevin Bacon. “What an amazing coincidence! This is just like Kevin Bacon’s Six Degrees of Separation,” I exclaimed. “That’s really strange,” he replied. “Why do you say that?” I asked. (d) He replied, “My best friend’s uncle is Kevin Bacon!” (D) It appeared that his roommate’s response was an emphatic “no.” The football game on television took precedence over the 90-minute ride to the airport. After Tom ended the conversation, (e) he hung up and seemed to be deep in thought. He was trying to figure out how he was going to get from the airport to the university. After a few minutes, I asked him which university he attended, only to learn it was the same one from which my daughter had graduated!

128. 주어진

글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으

로 가장 적절한 것은?128)

① (A)-(C)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C)

④ (C)-(A)-(B)

⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

129. 밑줄

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

친 (a)∼(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다

른 것은?129)

① (a)

130. 윗글에 |11강 5~7|

[128-130] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. (A) One Sunday afternoon, after boarding a flight from New York to Cincinnati, I overheard the young man seated next to me talking on his cell phone with one of his college roommates. The young man, named Tom, was asking his roommate if (a) he would pick him up from the airport.

② (b)

③ (c)

④ (d)

⑤ (e)

필자에 관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?130)

① 일요일 오후, 비행기에서 옆에 앉은 남자의 통화를 들 었다. ② Tom에게 집이 같은 방향이라서 태워주겠다고 제안했 다. ③ Tom의 룸메이트는 대학에서 중간지점까지 태워주기로 결정했다. ④ 딸이 알고 있는 사람을 Tom도 알고 있다는 사실을 알 았다. ⑤ Tom의 룸메이트는 미식축구경기를 볼 계획이었다.

(B) As we got into a conversation, I mentioned that my home was in the same direction as the university and offered to get him to a halfway point — a spot where his roommate might reconsider the daunting task of picking (b) him up. Luckily for Tom, his roommate did in fact reconsider his decision after learning that what had been a 90-minute trek was now only a 45-minute journey and also included a promise of free pizza. 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ ) |11강 5~7|

[131-133] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. (A) One Sunday afternoon, after boarding a flight from New York to Cincinnati, I overheard the young man seated next to me talking on his cell phone with one of his college roommates. The young man, named Tom, was asking his roommate if he would (a) pick him up from the airport. (B) As we got into a conversation, I mentioned that my home was in the same direction as the university and (b) was offered to get him to a halfway point — a spot where his roommate might reconsider the daunting task of picking him up. Luckily for Tom, his roommate did in fact reconsider his decision after learning that (c) what had been a 90-minute trek was now only a 45-minute journey and also included a promise of free pizza. (C) It appeared that his roommate’s response was an emphatic “no.” The football game on television took precedence over the 90-minute ride to the airport. After Tom ended the conversation, he hung up and seemed to be deep in thought. He was trying to figure out how he was going to get from the airport to the university. After a few minutes, I asked him which university he attended, only to learn it was the same one (d) from which my daughter had graduated! (D) Now that the ride dilemma was solved, Tom and I continued talking. During the course of our conversation, I learned that he knew someone who knew a person who knew my daughter. It reminded me of the party game where you try to connect any given movie star in the history of motion pictures to a movie (e) featuring the actor Kevin Bacon. “What an amazing coincidence! This is just like Kevin Bacon’s Six Degrees of Separation,” I exclaimed. “That’s really strange,” he replied. “Why do you say that?” I asked. He replied, “My best friend’s uncle is Kevin Bacon!”

131. 주어진

글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으

로 가장 적절한 것은?131)

① (A)-(C)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C)

④ (C)-(A)-(B)

⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

132. 밑줄 ① (a)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

친 (a)∼(e) 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?132)

② (b)

③ (c)

④ (d)

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⑤ (e)

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133. 윗글에

관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?133)

① Tom은 비행기에서 룸메이트에게 차를 태워 줄 수 있 는지 전화로 물어보았다. ② 공항에서 대학까지는 45분 정도 걸리는 거리였다. ③ Tom의 룸메이트는 처음에는 차를 태워줄 수 없다고 말했다. ④ 필자의 딸이 다니고 있는 대학과 Tom이 같은 대학을 다니는 것을 알게 되었다. ⑤ Tom의 친한 친구의 삼촌이 Kevin Bacon이다.

|11강 5~7|

[134-136] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. (A) One Sunday afternoon, after boarding a flight from New York to Cincinnati, I overheard the young man seated next to me talking on his cell phone with one of his college roommates. The young man, named Tom, was asking his roommate if he would pick him up from the airport. (B) Now that the ride dilemma was (a) solved, Tom and I continued talking. During the course of our conversation, I learned that he knew someone who knew a person who knew my daughter. It reminded me of the party game where you try to (b) connect any given movie star in the history of motion pictures to a movie featuring the actor Kevin Bacon. “What an amazing coincidence! This is just like Kevin Bacon’s Six Degrees of Separation,” I exclaimed. “That’s really strange,” he replied. “Why do you say that?” I asked. He replied, “My best friend’s uncle is Kevin Bacon!” (C) As we got into a conversation, I mentioned that my home was in the same direction as the university and offered to get him to a halfway point — a spot where his roommate might reconsider the (c) simple task of picking him up. Luckily for Tom, his roommate did in fact reconsider his decision after learning that what had been a 90-minute trek was now only a 45-minute journey and also included a promise of free pizza. (D) It appeared that his roommate’s response was an emphatic “no.” The football game on television took (d) precedence over the 90-minute ride to the airport. After Tom ended the conversation, he hung up and seemed to be deep in thought. He was trying to figure out how he was going to get from the airport to the university. After a few minutes, I asked him which university he attended, only to learn it was the (e) same one from which my daughter had graduated! 무단복제 및 전송은 마음껏 하세요! 오타와 오류에 대해서 절대 책임지지 않습니다.ㅋㅋㅋ

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr) |11강 9|

134. 주어진

글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으

로 가장 적절한 것은?134)

① (B) - (D) - (C) ③ (C) - (D) - (B) ⑤ (D) - (C) - (B)

135. 밑줄

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을

고르시오.138)

② (C) - (B) - (D) ④ (D) - (B) - (C)

Archaeology has numerous applications. Establishing the archaeological record has often enabled native peoples to regain access to land and resources that historically belonged to them.

친 (a)∼(e) 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은

것은?135)

① (a)

136. 윗글에 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

138. 주어진

② (b)

③ (c)

④ (d)

⑤ (e)

관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?136)

필자는 신시내티로 가는 비행기에 탑승하였다. Tom의 문제를 해결하고, Tom과 계속 대화를 나누었다. 필자가 알고 지내는 사람을 Tom이 아는 것에 놀랐다. Tom은 룸메이트에게 피자를 사주기로 약속하였다. Tom은 공항에서 대학까지 어떻게 갈지 고민했었다.

|11강 8|

137. 주어진

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을

고르시오.137)

An intelligent person in modern society is like a person with twenty-twenty vision in primitive times. (A) In this analogy, intelligence is the ability to ‘see’ and education is that transfer of knowledge between the person with good eyesight and the person with myopia. However, this ‘education’ process only works for the benefit of the myopic person as long as the person with twenty-twenty vision has his best interests at heart. (B) If this is not the case it is quite possible that the view of the landscape that the fully sighted person relays to the myopic person is in fact misleading. (C) In primitive times the person with perfect vision would have been able to see any dangers that may have been hidden in the distance and could warn the tribe in enough time so that preventative action could be taken. A person with myopia, commonly known as shortsightedness, would obviously be at a great disadvantage, and one that may at some point cost the person his life. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

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(A) Such knowledge is frequently fundamental to cultural identity. Beyond this, archaeology has sometimes produced technical applications relevant to the current world. (B) For example, in Israel’s Negev Desert, in Peru, and in other locations, archaeological study of ancient peoples has yielded information about irrigation design and raised-field systems that allowed modern people to make more effective use of the environment and raise agricultural yields. (C) Work in archaeology is often basic to understanding the history of groups that left little record. Excavations such as that done at the African Burial Ground in New York City give us insight into the living conditions of groups not well represented in the written record. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|11강 10|

139. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?139)

A recent Harris poll reports that 62 percent of ① entering college freshmen would not “even consider” pursuing the same career as either parent. Thus, although some family rights groups argue that setting career direction ② is the role of the family and not of the school, this is a minority view. Data suggest that, in fact, the family is playing a smaller and smaller role in this process, ③ left nothing to take its place. This is not to say that parents are no longer important influences in teens’ postsecondary plans, but they are increasingly less prepared to influence or guide career decision making. This decline in parental influence is not surprising considering that half of all workers ④ report being unsatisfied with their jobs and would not recommend that their children follow in their footsteps. Although the stated goal of the majority of teens is a professional career, two-thirds of all adults with professional careers say they wish they ⑤ have done something else.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ ) |11강 12~14|

[140-142] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. (A) Up until the middle of the 19th century, little was known about the nature of infectious diseases and the ways in which they are transmitted. In the mid-eighteen hundreds, however, an important clue emerged from the work of a Viennese doctor, Ignaz Semmelweis. At the time, many pregnant women who (a) entered Vienna General Hospital, where he was working, died shortly after having given birth. Their deaths were attributed to something called “childbed fever.” (B) Semmelweis knew that physicians often spent time with students in the autopsy room prior to visiting their patients in the maternity ward. Thanks largely to the clue provided by the death of his colleague, he speculated that something like the following might be responsible for the huge differences in death rates in the two wards. Perhaps childbed fever is caused by something that physicians come into contact with in the autopsy room and then unintentionally transmit to pregnant women during the course of their rounds in the maternity ward. This something, Semmelweis appropriately termed “cadaveric matter.” (C) Curiously, the death rate from childbed fever in the hospital ward (b) where the patients were treated by physicians was five times higher than in another ward where women were seen only by midwives. Semmelweis was at a loss to explain why this should be so. But then something remarkable (c) was occurred. One of Semmelweis’s colleagues cut his finger on a knife that had been used during an autopsy. Within days, he exhibited symptoms remarkably like (d) those associated with childbed fever and died shortly thereafter. (D) The challenge faced by Semmelweis was to devise a way of testing his ideas. He reasoned as follows. If childbed fever is caused by cadaveric matter transmitted from physician to patient, and if something (e) were done to remove all traces of cadaveric matter from the physicians prior to their visiting patients in the maternity ward, then the incidence of childbed fever should diminish. In fact, he arranged for physicians to wash their hands and arms in a powerful cleansing agent prior to their rounds in the maternity ward. Within two years, the death rate from childbed fever in the ward attended by physicians approached that in the ward attended by midwives. In 1848, Semmelweis was losing not a single woman to childbed fever!

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140. 주어진

글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으

로 가장 적절한 것은?140)

① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

141. 밑줄

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

친 (a)∼(e) 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?141)

① (a)

142. 윗글에

② (b)

③ (c)

④ (d)

⑤ (e)

관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?142)

① 19세기 중엽이 되어서야 전염병의 본질과 방식에 대해 알려졌다. ② Semmelweis는 동료의 죽음을 통해 산욕열의 원인을 추측할 수 있었다. ③ 의사가 치료하던 병동보다 산파가 돌보던 병동에서 산 욕열 사망이 다섯배나 더 높았다. ④ 부검하는 동안에 사용된 칼에 베인 의사가 죽는 일이 발생했다. ⑤ Semmelweis는 회진 전에 강력한 세정제로 손과 팔을 씻도록 조치했다. |11강 12~14|

[143-145] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. (A) Up until the middle of the 19th century, (a) little was known about the nature of infectious diseases and the ways in which they are transmitted. In the mid-eighteen hundreds, however, an important clue emerged from the work of a Viennese doctor, Ignaz Semmelweis. At the time, many pregnant women who entered Vienna General Hospital, where he was working, died shortly after having given birth. Their deaths were (b) attributed to something called “childbed fever.” (B) The challenge faced by Semmelweis was to devise a way of testing his ideas. He reasoned as follows. If childbed fever is caused by cadaveric matter transmitted from physician to patient, and if something were done to remove all traces of cadaveric matter from the physicians prior to their visiting patients in the maternity ward, then the incidence of childbed fever should diminish. In fact, he arranged for physicians to wash their hands and arms in a powerful cleansing agent prior to their rounds in the maternity ward. Within two years, the death rate from childbed fever in the ward attended by physicians (c) approached that in the ward attended by midwives. In 1848, Semmelweis was losing not a single woman to childbed fever! (C) Semmelweis knew that physicians often spent time with students in the autopsy room prior to visiting their patients in the maternity ward. Thanks largely to the clue provided by the death of his colleague, 무단복제 및 전송은 마음껏 하세요! 오타와 오류에 대해서 절대 책임지지 않습니다.ㅋㅋㅋ

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ ) he speculated that something like the following might be responsible for the huge differences in death rates in the two wards. Perhaps childbed fever is caused by something that physicians come into contact with in the autopsy room and then (d) unintentionally transmit to pregnant women during the course of their rounds in the maternity ward. This something, Semmelweis appropriately termed “cadaveric matter.” (D) Curiously, the death rate from childbed fever in the hospital ward where the patients were treated by physicians was five times (e) lower than in another ward where women were seen only by midwives. Semmelweis was at a loss to explain why this should be so. But then something remarkable occurred. One of Semmelweis’s colleagues cut his finger on a knife that had been used during an autopsy. Within days, he exhibited symptoms remarkably like those associated with childbed fever and died shortly thereafter.

143. 주어진

글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으

로 가장 적절한 것은?143)

① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

144. 밑줄

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

친 (a)∼(e) 중에서, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

않은 것은?144)

① (a)

145. 윗글에

② (b)

③ (c)

④ (d)

⑤ (e)

관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?145)

① ② ③ ④

임산부들이 출산 중에 사망하는 일들이 발생했다. 사체의 물질의 흔적을 지우기 위한 조치를 시행하였다. 1848년에는, 산욕열로 죽은 여성이 없었다. 의사들이 산과 병동에 가기 전에 부검실에서 시간을 보 냈었다. ⑤ 어떤 의사가 산욕열과 관련된 증상으로 죽는 일이 발생 했다. |11강 12~14|

[146-148] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. (A) Up until the middle of the 19th century, little was known about the nature of infectious diseases and the ways in which they are transmitted. In the mid-eighteen hundreds, (A) , an important clue emerged from the work of a Viennese doctor, Ignaz Semmelweis. At the time, many pregnant women who entered Vienna General Hospital, where he was working, died shortly after having given birth. Their deaths were attributed to something called “childbed fever.” (B) The challenge faced by Semmelweis was to devise a 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

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way of testing his ideas. He reasoned as follows. If childbed fever is caused by cadaveric matter transmitted from physician to patient, and if something were done to remove all traces of cadaveric matter from the physicians prior to their visiting patients in the maternity ward, then the incidence of childbed fever should diminish. (B) , he arranged for physicians to wash their hands and arms in a powerful cleansing agent prior to their rounds in the maternity ward. Within two years, the death rate from childbed fever in the ward attended by physicians approached that in the ward attended by midwives. In 1848, Semmelweis was losing not a single woman to childbed fever! (C) Curiously, the death rate from childbed fever in the hospital ward where the patients were treated by physicians was five times higher than in another ward where women were seen only by midwives. Semmelweis was at a loss to explain why this should be so. But then something remarkable occurred. One of Semmelweis’s colleagues cut his finger on a knife that had been used during an autopsy. Within days, he exhibited symptoms remarkably like those associated with childbed fever and died shortly thereafter. (D) Semmelweis knew that physicians often spent time with students in the autopsy room prior to visiting their patients in the maternity ward. Thanks largely to the clue provided by the death of his colleague, he speculated that something like the following might be responsible for the huge differences in death rates in the two wards. Perhaps childbed fever is caused by something that physicians come into contact with in the autopsy room and then unintentionally transmit to pregnant women during the course of their rounds in the maternity ward. This something, Semmelweis appropriately termed “cadaveric matter.” |

146. 주어진

글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으

로 가장 적절한 것은?146)

① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

147. 윗글의

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것

은?147)

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) however thus for example for example however

(B) Similarly Otherwise In fact Otherwise In fact

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

148. 윗글에

관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?148)

① Simmelweis가 산욕열이라는 증상을 발견하였다. ② 부검실에서 학생들과 시간을 보내는 의사들이 있었다. ③ Simmelweis는 산욕열의 발병률을 줄이기 위한 조치를 취하였다. ④ 의사가 진료하는 병동의 산욕열로 인한 사망률은 산파가 돌보는 병동보다 높았다. ⑤ 산모를 치료하던 의사가 같은 증상으로 죽는 일이 발생했다.

12강 |12강 1|

149.

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?149)

When designing advanced resistance training programs, there are many variables that can be altered to enhance the difficulty and prolong the positive adaptations. One of the most important variables is _______. Most advanced training programs incorporate different styles of programs during various training periods. The rationale is that in order to continue to promote training adaptations, you must continually overload the system. Individuals who have been training for long periods of time using identical training methods (i.e., order of exercises, types of exercise, workloads, intensities, etc.) do not experience as much adaptation. You must continually alter your program so the body does not become too accustomed to it. Therefore, you must increase the variety of your workouts to attain advanced training outcomes. That is not always as simple as adding more weight or changing the number of repetitions within a program. The advanced competitive individual might also add in specialized training to enhance speed, quickness, and agility to help accomplish their exercise-specific training goals. ① perseverance ② variety ④ repetition ⑤ unanimity

③ consistency

|12강 2|

150. 주어진

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것

은?150)

A characteristic of moral standards is that their soundness depends on the adequacy of the reasons that support or justify them. For the most part, fashion standards are set by clothing designers, merchandisers and consumers; grammatical standards by grammarians and students of language; technical standards by practitioners and experts in the field. 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

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(A) And these arguments are derived from our historical and contemporary attempts to answer that central question of ethics: “How are we to relate to each other in order to ensure that our individual and collective well-being is enhanced?” (B) By contrast, moral standards are not made by such bodies, although they are often supported or rejected by them. More precisely, the validity of moral standards depends not on authoritative command but rather on the quality of the arguments or the reasoning that supports them. (C) Legislators make laws, boards of directors make organizational policy, and licensing boards establish standards for professionals. In those cases, some authoritative body is the ultimate validating source of the standards and thus can change the standards if it wishes. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|12강 3|

151. 다음

밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?151)

Rudolph P. Miller, who founded the Building Officials Conference of America in 1915, ① was concerned about protecting people ‘who have no voice in the manner of construction or the arrangement of buildings ② which they involuntarily come in contact.’ He implies that the government should ensure a minimum level of quality to similarly incautious home buyers. Beginning with the interwar period, building codes were apparently viewed as beneficial regulation that could increase consumer information, according to Edna Trull. The risk of buying a house with ‘defects’ (i.e., built to substandard specifications), or ‘the poor-quality construction work of speculative builders’ ③ was reduced. Building regulation was assigned the primary goal of decreasing uncertainty and making future patterns of business as ④ predictable as possible. Hence, the government entered the business of grading or certifying real property, ⑤ providing assurance services. The justification for such building codes was extended from a primary emphasis on safety to one of reducing imperfect information during the first part of the twentieth century.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|12강 4|

152. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절

한 곳은?152)

|12강 9|

154. 다음

밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않

은 것은?154)

Library and book knowledge is catalogued, orderly, and it can be searched. For many endangered languages that have never been put down in writing, entire domains of knowledge are likely to be lost when the language ceases to be spoken. (①) If you speak an unwritten language, one that your children or grandchildren have abandoned in favor of another tongue, you may indeed take your genius with you to the grave. (②) Much of this genius is the product of adaptation over time to a way of life and ecological niche. (③) Collectively — counting the thousands of languages that lack widespread use of writing and are now endangered — this genius may reflect the greatest accumulation of knowledge of the natural world humans possess, rivaling, if not surpassing, the knowledge now recorded in scientific databases and libraries. (④) This comparison may strike some as unfair. (⑤) Traditional knowledge seems much more diffuse, messy, and likely to be forgotten. But we must not underestimate it.

The relationship between liberalism as a theory of politics and liberalism as it has been enacted in practice is complex and ① disputed. There is very often a gap between liberal ideals and liberal practice. To take an example, it is sometimes said of liberalism in America that, with respect to race, it has repeatedly ② failed to live up to its own ideals. In tension with this claim, it is also often said that American liberalism itself is ③ defective, that it contains ④ external contradictions, and that these contradictions are exposed by its treatment of race. Or to take another example, consider the status of women in liberal societies. Feminist critics sometimes ⑤ reject liberalism because, as they see it, liberal societies have failed to bring about equality between the sexes. Others claim that this failure is merely a failure of these societies, not any failure of liberalism as such.

|12강 10|

155. 다음 |12강 8|

153.

다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?153)

Text communication does create problems, even for people who are skilled at it. Lacking sounds and visuals, it is not a rich sensory encounter. You cannot see other people’s faces or hear them speak. All the important interpersonal cues ① provided by voice, body language, and physical appearance disappear, ② they can dramatically alter how people relate to each other. Without those cues, it is easier to misunderstand the other person. Your online companion might be sick, drunk, or depressed without your knowing ③ it. For some people, the lack of physical presence generated by the cues of voice and appearance might reduce the sense of intimacy, trust, and commitment in the relationship. Typed text feels formal, distant, unemotional, and ④ lacking a supportive and empathic tone. In fact, without a visual and auditory connection, you can never be absolutely certain about the other person’s identity. This absence of face-to-face cues, which adds a little anonymity, ⑤ encourages some people to behave inappropriately.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않

은 것은?155)

A field of planted and weeded crops yields ten to one hundred times as much food — measured in calories — as the same area of naturally occurring plants, a ① benefit that would have been evident to early crop-planters. It also requires ② more labor, however, which was provided both by the greater number of people in the community and by those people working ③ longer hours. In contrast to the twenty hours a week hunter-gatherers spent on obtaining food, farming peoples were often in the fields from dawn to dusk, particularly during planting and harvest time, but also during the rest of the growing year because weeding was a constant task. Neolithic farmers were also ④ less healthy than hunter-gatherers were; although crop-raising gave them a more reliable food supply, their narrower range of foodstuffs made them more ⑤ resistant to disease and nutritional deficiencies such as anemia.

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|12강 11|

156. 다음

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?156)

Though most bees fill their days visiting flowers and collecting pollen, some bees ______________________. These thieving bees sneak into the nest of an unsuspecting “normal” bee (known as the host), lay an egg near the pollen mass being gathered by the host bee for her own offspring, and then sneak back out. When the egg of the thief hatches, it kills the host’s offspring and then eats the pollen meant for its victim. Sometimes called brood parasites, these bees are also referred to as cuckoo bees, because they are similar to cuckoo birds, which lay an egg in the nest of another bird and leave it for that bird to raise. They are more technically called cleptoparasites. Clepto means “thief ” in Greek, and the term cleptoparasite refers specifically to an organism that lives off another by stealing its food. In this case the cleptoparasite feeds on the host’s hard-earned pollen stores.

Mini Test 01

|Mini Test1 1|

158. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

take advantage of the hard work of others force others to take care of their offsprings share burden of nurturing with other bees invent certain innate protective strategies steal the eggs of others and adopt them

Dear Sir:

|12강 11|

157. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절

한 곳은?157)

When the egg of the thief hatches, it kills the host’s offspring and then eats the pollen meant for its victim. Though most bees fill their days visiting flowers and collecting pollen, some bees take advantage of the hard work of others. (①) These thieving bees sneak into the nest of an unsuspecting “normal” bee (known as the host), lay an egg near the pollen mass being gathered by the host bee for her own offspring, and then sneak back out. (②) Sometimes called brood parasites, these bees are also referred to as cuckoo bees, because they are similar to cuckoo birds, which lay an egg in the nest of another bird and leave it for that bird to raise. (③) They are more technically called cleptoparasites. (④) Clepto means “thief ” in Greek, and the term cleptoparasite refers specifically to an organism that lives off another by stealing its food. (⑤) In this case the cleptoparasite feeds on the host’s hard-earned pollen stores.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?158)

A few weeks ago we mailed you the census form being used for the Survey of Agricultural Finance (Landlord’s Report) and asked you to complete the form and return it as soon as possible. So far we have not heard from you. Your response is extremely important. We must have replies from everyone who received a census form. Let me assure you again, your report can be seen only by Census employees and may be used only for statistical purposes. The law (Title 13, United States Code) provides that your report cannot be shown to or used by anyone outside the Bureau for any purposes at all. Another copy of the form is enclosed for use in case you no longer have the one previously sent to you. We are also enclosing another official return envelope which requires no postage. Sincerely, J. THOMAS BREEN Chief, Agriculture Division Bureau of the Census ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

To To To To To

seek consent to the use of information thank the census volunteers report the results of the survey statistics request a survey response promote the bill of the survey laws

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|Mini Test1 3|

159.

글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?159)

The assumption behind those theories is that disagreement is wrong and consensus is the desirable state of things. Politics cannot be suppressed, whichever policy process is employed and however sensitive and respectful of differences it might be. In other words, there is no end to politics. ① It is wrong to think that proper institutions, knowledge, methods of consultation, or participatory mechanisms can make disagreement go away. ② Theories of all sorts promote the view that there are ways by which disagreement can be processed or managed so as to make it disappear. ③ In fact, consensus rarely comes without some forms of subtle coercion and the absence of fear in expressing a disagreement is a source of genuine freedom. ④ Debates cause disagreements to evolve, often for the better, but a positively evolving debate does not have to equal a reduction in disagreement. ⑤ The suppression of disagreement should never be made into a goal in political deliberation. A defense is required against any suggestion that political disagreement is not the normal state of things.

161.

|Mini Test1 5| 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? 161)

Looking back into the past, there is evidence that managers have tried to learn from the arts. Corporate art collections can be considered the oldest and longest lasting type of artistic (A) ___________ in organizations. For example, the American magnate Albert C. Barnes wanted to edify his employees with his art collection in the first quarter of the twentieth century. Many organizations’ art collections may still just be about “personal aggrandizement, organizational prestige, and long-term investment and the decoration of the work environment”, but a number of collectors are coming to view their art collections as a possible resource for learning to see and think differently in the organization. Far from simply decorating the workplace in a pleasing manner, some collections are intended to provoke and irritate, thereby generating “creative unrest” and signalling to employees that unusual ideas and projects are (B) ___________ in the organization. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A)

(B)

investment intervention invention intervention investment

rejected rejected welcome welcome separated |Mini Test1 6|

162.

|Mini Test1 4|

160.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은? 160)

Making movies is an inherently ① promising business because film is neither a commodity like potato chips nor a stable enterprise. Research and development rarely ② pay off, and the success of one film does not ensure the success of the next one. Much of the design of Hollywood’s studio system can be explained as strategies for managing the risks ③ entailed in creating expensive, collaborative, and unique products. Hollywood’s reliance on movie stars and genre films is only the most ④ obvious attempt to build some predictability into moviemaking and the moviegoing experience. Most elements of the studio system have been developed to minimize risk and ⑤ ensure predictability, including the creation of an organization to police the morality of films, the concentration of ownership through mergers and acquisitions, and the cultivation of media franchises.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은??

162)

For a long time, the study of the history of Islamic hospitals has focused on what Michael Dols called “their apparent modernity.” Earlier historians of Islamic medicine were attracted to what seemed to be a premodern ancestor of modern hospitals: Islamic hospitals were seen as “relatively secular” (to use Dols’s terms again) because they were run by physicians or state officials — and not by religious scholars — and also because they had non-Muslim physicians working in them. This “medical” nature of the Islamic hospital was embodied in a number of qualities, namely, that it was designed and managed by educated Galenic physicians; furthermore, the hospital focused on the sick with the intention of curing rather than isolating them (and, because of this, hospitals were built in the centers of cities and not on their outskirts) and sponsored medical education and training. ① 이슬람 의학을 다룬 이전의 역사가들은 근대 이전에 있었 던 근대적 병원의 전신인 것처럼 보이는 것에 이끌렸다. ② 이슬람 병원들은 종교학자들이 운영했다. ③ 이슬람병원들은 비회교도 의사들이 근무했다. ④ 이슬람병원은 교육받은 갈레노스파의 의사들에 의해 구 상되고 운영되었다. ⑤ 이슬람병원은 환자들을 고립시키기 보다는 병든 자들에 초점을 맞추었다. 무단복제 및 전송은 마음껏 하세요! 오타와 오류에 대해서 절대 책임지지 않습니다.ㅋㅋㅋ

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|Mini Test1 7|

163.

글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한

|Mini Test1 13|

165.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 165)

곳은?163)

What those people I met didn’t know until I told them this is that nobody gets it right the first time, or the second, or the third.

Many people I’ve met say they never write letters or anything at all because they’ve learned that they always make mistakes. ① Communication is not like cooking, where you only get one chance to get it right. In cooking, there is a recipe to follow and the food comes out bad if you stray from it. ② Everybody needs to write and revise, then rewrite and revise again, and keep that process up until finally it’s as good as it’s going to get. ③ The secret to writing letters, speeches, or any planned communication is to work at it until you have revised the whole thing at least seven times. ④ The first draft of almost anything (letter, essay, speech, document), is never going to be your best work. ⑤ Personal letters may be the exception in some cases, but even they often need to be rewritten before mailing. Quality comes with rewriting.

Comedian Drew Carey sometimes plays the role of a very outspoken and sarcastic person, but he does good deeds. After the taping of an episode of Mr. Carey’s TV sitcom, The Drew Carey Show, a man in the audience refused to leave until he ① had spoken to Mr. Carey. Of course, celebrities sometimes attract weird — and dangerous — fans. However, after Mr. Carey learned ② that the man was a former Marine like himself, he talked to the man for approximately 90 minutes. It is said that the guy had just ③ been discharged. He was depressed and was really having a hard time ④ adjusted to life outside of the service. He didn’t know what his future held and felt aimless. Mr. Carey had felt the same way, so he knew ⑤ what the man was feeling — and he was able to give him some encouraging words.

|Mini Test1 14|

166.

않은 것은? 166)

|Mini Test1 12|

164.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 164)

When people maintain patterns of caring, whether for a house, a garden, pets, or other people, they are protecting themselves against despair, against giving up. They are rewarded by feeling ① needed. The word “care” has many meanings, however, and one of them is “worry,” as when someone ② is burdened with care. You do worry about the things you care for. Unfortunately, the association of care with effort and worry leads us to conceive of old age as a period ③ which one should live a “carefree existence.” After retirement, people are urged to give up their cares. It can be a dangerous trade-off. The person who stops caring for something ④ may have taken the first steps to the hopelessness/helplessness syndrome. And those who cope best with old age are those who continue the daily acts of caring, especially the most satisfying ones — care ⑤ provided to living things, such as pets and gardens.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

Change is natural, but that doesn’t mean we have to start falling apart when we reach a particular age. The primary reason people degrade with age is that they ① believe they will. Our physical form is a ② manifestation of our nonphysical self, and it does what we expect it to do. If an authority figure like a scientist or doctor tells people they will degrade because they have reached a certain age, then they are ③ likely to believe it — and will do just that. Our beliefs and perceptions cause electrical and chemical reactions in our bodies. If you believe your body is breaking down, you will ④ forbid it to break down. It’s much like when a physician tells a patient he has three months left to live and the patient dies precisely three months later, or when a witch doctor puts a curse on a person and it ⑤ works.

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|Mini Test1 15|

167.

169.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 167)

The origin of preferences for certain objects or their properties almost certainly ① goes back to sexual selection. The best evidence for this idea is that such preferences are not unique to humans. Bowerbirds build structures called bowers that look like small pergolas or tree-lined avenues, ② decorated with brightly colored objects, usually natural ones, such as bird feathers, beetle wing cases, flowers and fruits, but also colorful artifacts, where available. It may take a male several months ③ building a bower, which then requires constant maintenance (and defense against theft of desirable objects by other males). The prettiest bowers attract many more females than the least pretty ④ ones. Thus, because the males themselves are mostly fairly ⑤ uninteresting, successful males are those who create the most attractive external ornaments.

|Mini Test1 16|

168.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 169)

Flip-flops occur when the coach makes a transition from one activity to a second activity and then ① switches back to the first activity, as though he has changed his mind. For example, the gymnastics coach tells his players that Tuesday will be beam and bar day, but when his athletes arrive on Tuesday ② prepared to practice beam and bar, he tells them they will be working on floor and vault. Then, midway through practice he instructs them to go to beam and bar. The transition not only ruins the flow of practice activity but also ③ conveys to the athletes that the coach is unsure of what to do. It is important to avoid flip-flops. However, if it becomes necessary to make such a reversal, it is prudent to explain to your athletes why the switch is ④ occurred. For example, the gymnastics coach might gather his athletes for a brief meeting and say, “I know I told you yesterday ⑤ that we would be practicing beam and bar today, but we won’t be able to use the spring floor tomorrow so we are going to work on our floor routines today.”

다음 빈칸에 공통으로 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? 168)

Since there’s no job training for being a parent, how do we learn how to parent? Most of us probably parent the way we were parented. Louise, a mother who attended my seminars, shared how her mother dealt with sibling fighting. Louise said her mother’s infamous threat was always, “If you kids don’t stop fighting, I’m going to knock your three heads together!” Louise and her siblings were always puzzled about the specifics of how their mother would actually accomplish such a task, which, thankfully, she never attempted. But what drove her mother to make this empty threat? Extreme annoyance with the sibling squabbles, probably. No doubt, Louise’s mother had learned this ___________________ from her own mother, and, in the absence of any other parenting tools she knew of, she said it to her own children, regardless of whether it worked. If Louise had not learned the effective parenting skills taught in the seminars, she would probably be using similarly ineffective ___________________ with her own children today! ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

|Mini Test1 17|

threatening tactic discriminatory treatment imitating neighbor strict punishment persistent annoyance

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

|Mini Test1 18|

170.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 170)

Genocide, the willful killing of specific groups of people — as occurred in the Nazi extermination camps during World War II — is universally considered ① wrong even if it is sanctioned by a government or an entire society. The Nuremberg trials that ② were conducted after World War II supported this point. Even though most of the accused individuals tried to claim they were merely following orders when they murdered or arranged for the murder of large numbers of Jews and other groups, many were found guilty. The reasoning was that there is a higher moral order ③ under which certain human actions are wrong regardless of who endorses them. Thus, ④ although their desire to view events from a culturally relative standpoint, most sociologists find certain actions wrong, ⑤ no matter what the context.

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|Mini Test1 19|

171.

글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한

|Mini Test1 21|

173.

곳은?171)

글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?173)

From this perspective our exploitation of whales for recreational purposes is not morally acceptable.

Therefore you brought up the anger emotion to give you the fuel you needed to fight.

If whales have rights, then they must be treated with respect. ① Their value and dignity do not rest on their place in our plans, purposes and projects. ② They are creatures of inherent value with lives of their own and the capacity to lead them in their own ways. ③ To confine them in aquatic parks and to make them perform tricks that people find amusing is to try to remake them into our own creations. ④ This attempt to appropriate such marvelous and magnificent creatures for such trivial purposes, denying them their liberty in the bargain, is morally to be condemned. ⑤

You may experience a feeling of joy when you see your child having fun or you may feel anger when someone pulls out in front of you in traffic. ① The way we attach these emotions is done primarily by the beliefs we have about the action or event in question. ② For instance, the first time someone pulled out in front of you in traffic you may have almost wrecked your car and you believed that they were doing that out of pure disregard for you. ③ The natural fight or flight mechanism kicked in, and you decided to fight. ④ What if you knew ahead of time that the person who pulled out in front of you was trying to get to the hospital as quickly as possible because his wife was having a baby? ⑤ He obviously wasn’t thinking rationally, but he was desperate to take care of his wife and unborn child. If you knew that about him, you may have chosen a different emotion. Maybe compassion.

|Mini Test1 19|

172.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 172)

An older guy I know told me a story of the first pizza place that moved into his little town. The pizza was lousy and the owner was rude, but he had the only game in town. So he made a ton of money and retired early. He left the pizza parlor to his two sons, who made the same bad pizza and were just as ① rude as their father. But now that time had passed, other competitors had come into the local marketplace and this was no longer the only pizza place in town. The place closed its doors in no time. The original owner was lucky because he was the first to do something ② where it had never been done before, but he never learned what his mistakes were, ③ nor were his sons. If they had, they ④ would have improved the quality of their product as well as their customer service. I can imagine those two sons are just moping around today, wondering ⑤ what on earth went wrong.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

|Mini Test1 22|

174.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 174)

States recognizing the inheritability of publicity rights ① tend to emphasize one’s right to enjoy and pass to one’s heirs the fruits of one’s industry. In California, a publicity statute prohibits for 50 years after death the commercial use of the name, voice, photograph, or likeness of any “deceased personality” without prior consent of the person. A deceased personality is anyone who ② has commercial value in his or her identity at the time of death. However, it is not a violation of the California law or other state statutes recognizing the descendibility of publicity rights ③ to use the identity of a dead person in news, public affairs, or political campaigns or in a book or film. Some states do not recognize a right for people to will publicity rights to their heirs, ④ whether or not the celebrities exploit the rights commercially during their lifetime. In these states, rights of publicity die with the person. They tend to emphasize the personal nature of the right of publicity and the difficulties in treating such rights as independent of the people who made them ⑤ valuably.

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|Mini Test1 23|

175.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

|Mini Test2 2|

177. 다음

않은 것은? 175)

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

않은 것은?177)

In a study led by Pamela Dalton, a psychologist at Monell Chemical Senses Center, the participants were divided into three groups, who sat down in a lab, and were then ①exposed to an odor that was neither pleasant nor unpleasant for 20 minutes. To one group, she did not say anything about the odor, while she told the second and the third groups that the odor was an industrial chemical that might be ②harmful and a distilled pure natural extract, respectively. The result was that the subjects who were either told nothing or positive information felt the odor to be ③weaker as time passed. In contrast, the subjects who were told negative information felt the odor became ④stronger as time passed. In other words, an odor that is thought to be good disappears from consciousness ⑤slowly, while an odor thought to be harmful keeps our attention and remains strong.

She made herself a cup of tea and came and sat in the armchair beside the fire. She turned on the radio but they were reading sports results and she turned it off. On going upstairs, she found that the boys were ①sound asleep and she stood watching them before closing the door and leaving them to the night. Downstairs, she wondered if there might be something ②interesting on the television. She went over and turned it on and waited for the picture to ③appear. How would she fill these hours? When the television came on it was an American comedy. She watched it for a few moments but the ④live laughter continued and she turned it off. The house was ⑤silent now except for the crackling of wood in the fireplace.

|Mini Test2 3|

178. 다음 Mini Test 02 |Mini Test2 1|

176. 다음

주어진 글에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것

은?176)

We are currently compiling a corporate history. (A) You are a respected professor in nuclear engineering, and it was in your senior class that I learned much of what I needed to know to get hired by Balson. Would you be willing to contribute a brief preface about the importance of nuclear energy as a current and future energy source? (B) It will be titled Balson Nuclear: Half a Century of Radiant Progress and will be privately published as a limited edition hardcover book by the corporation early next year. Its main use will be as a premium and promotion. (C) The company can pay you an honorarium of $500. In addition, your preface will be bylined, so you can add the book to your list of publications. If you are interested, please let me know. We would need the preface by June 20. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?178)

Child psychologists have long noted that children do best when their lives have structure. The world can be a very scary place unless boundaries are in place to give a sense of security to children and teens. As teens go through the process of individuating, they push up against and even test the rigidity of parental and societal boundaries. As parents, you are responsible for for your children, including setting curfews, time frames, and limits that are acceptable for doing homework, eating meals, going to bed, getting up in the morning, dressing for school, staying over at a friend’s house, and having friends visit in your home. In addition, assigning your children duties or chores teaches them perseverance, time management, and sense of purpose — all necessary for success in life. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

requiring learning ability establishing boundaries limitation of activity giving freedom teaching children’s rule

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|Mini Test2 4|

179. 다음

주어진 글에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것

|Mini Test2 6|

181. 다음

은?179)

(B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? 181)

In fact, the only common denominators between you and any other runner are the distance you have to cover on race day and the conditions you’re running in.

Most runners say they’re not competitive and are only trying to beat their previous times. But the temptation to compare ourselves to others is intense. ①We’re conditioned to do it when it comes to grades, appearances, and wealth. ②And in running, age-group rankings and finishing places only encourage that.③ Try to forget everyone else. How any one individual performs on any given race day depends on his or her training, level of fitness, injury history, biomechanics, genetics, psychological preparation, and the weather. ④Comparing yourself to others can really cause undue stress, plus it’s a waste of time. ⑤Don’t give up control over your experience by defining “success” in terms of factors that aren’t relevant to your personal life. Your goal should be a very personal thing between you and the road.

For the first time in history, shortly after the millennium, the majority of the global population became urban rather than rural. Cities have grown rapidly, and urban growth will continue to accelerate in the years ahead. New and existing cities alike will have to make crucial changes to the assumptions for planning and prioritization. Greater focus on the needs of the people who use cities must be a key goal for the future. This is the background for the focus on the human dimension of city planning. Cities must urge urban planners and architects to reinforce pedestrianism as an integrated city policy to develop lively, safe, sustainable and healthy cities. It is equally urgent to strengthen the social function of city space as a meeting place that contributes toward the aims of social sustainability and an open and democratic society. ⇩

As urban growth continues to accelerate, urban planning should focus on human (A) , developing healthy cities and (B) the social function of urban space.

|Mini Test2 5|

180. 다음

밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않

은 것은?180)

In new relationships, people often disclose themselves ① slowly, sharing only a few details at first, and offering more personal information only if they like and trust each other. When they started becoming friends, for instance, Deepak and Prasad shared mostly ② routine information with each other, such as where they grew up, what their favorite teams were, and what they did for a living. As they got to know and trust each other more, they started ③ sharing their opinions on things such as politics, relationships, and religion. Only after they had known each other for quite a while did they feel ④ uncomfortable talking about more personal things, such as Prasad’s health problems or the challenges in Deepak’s marriage. Although people in some relationships begin sharing ⑤ intimate information very quickly, self-disclosure usually moves in small increments.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A),

(A)

(B)

①

demands

changing

② ③ ④ ⑤

demands demands idea idea

strengthening weakening strengthening weakening

|Mini Test2 8|

182.

다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?182)

As a graduate student in chemistry at the University of Cracow, Bronislaw Malinowski read Frazer’s Golden Bough in preparation for a foreign-language examination, and this single experience forever ① changed the direction of his life. After receiving his Ph.D., Malinowski went on to London to study anthropology and soon ② emerged as an important contributor to the field of ethnology. Among other things, Malinowski ③ was praised for the depth of his fieldwork. Whereas earlier scholars ④ had remained in Europe and obtained their ethnographic data from the reports of missionaries and travelers, Malinowski was one of a new generation of anthropologists who believed it was essential to live among the people they studied. Only by functioning within a culture ⑤ could one make a balanced analysis of its customs. Thus, motivated by this belief, Malinowski lived from 1914 to 1918 among the Trobriand Islanders of Melanesia, off the coast of New Guinea.

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|Mini Test2 9|

183. 다음

안내문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?183)

CONTEST RULES Entry Fee: FREE! All BBQ teams are considered entrants. Each space will be judged on Friday, May 12, 2017 beginning at 3 p.m.

Plan Your Visit to the San Antonio Museum of Art — School and Teacher Programs

Judges: Three judges will visit each BBQ team booth for no longer than ten minutes to score the booth.

Guided Tours Guided tours for school groups are led by the Museum’s trained docents who provide 50-minute tours designed to meet school curriculum needs. Guided Tour Times: Tuesday-Friday, 9:30 a.m., 10:30 a.m., and 12:30 p.m. Self-guided Tours Teachers are invited to lead their students in the Museum on their own. School groups can explore the world of art at the Museum, chaperoned by a teacher or parent. Admission

Judging: Team booths will be rated for creativity in design and decoration, cleanliness and neatness. In addition, the judges will consider the hospitality that was shown. Your hospitality may include brief presentations of your cooker/grill and your unique cooking process. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

BBQ 대회 참가자는 반드시 참가해야 한다. 총 220달러의 상금이 주어질 예정이다. BBQ 팀이 아니어도 무료로 참가할 수 있다. 5월 첫 번째 금요일부터 심사가 시작된다. 심사위원은 각 부스를 10분 이상 심사한다.

FREE with advance registration Lunch at the Museum Space may be reserved for students to eat their lunches in the Museum.

Schedule your visit online using our online reservation system. Reservations must be made at least two weeks in advance of the visit. The Museum coordinator for your tour will contact you one week before your visit date to reconfirm the details of your visit. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

50분간 숙련된 안내원이 투어를 진행한다. 화요일부터 금요일까지 매일 3회 진행한다. 선생님이나 부모도 투어를 인솔할 수 있다.

주어진 글에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것

은?185)

We are often surprised at the purposefulness and precision of some animals’ behaviour when directed to the preservation of themselves and their species. (A) A closer study of this phenomenon, however, revealed its rigid and innate nature: although they useful and show purpose, such actions are accompanied by insight on the part of the animal, and performed in an automatic manner.

학교그룹 투어의 미술관 입장료는 무료이다. 예약 시 1주 전에 확인 연락을 받게 된다.

|Mini Test2 10|

184.

|Mini Test2 11|

185. 다음

Schedule Your Visit

다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하는 것은?184)

River Grill BBQ Festival — Best Booth Contest — What Is the Best Booth Contest? The Best Booth Contest is in addition to the BBQ competition. It is an optional and voluntary contest that is not part of the overall scoring for the BBQ competition. For this contest BBQ teams are encouraged to dress up their booth displaying their creativity and imagination while showcasing their BBQ skills.

has are not are

(B) This kind of behaviour came to be called instinctive. Instinct enables the animal to adjust to a given type of environment with great precision. Owing to the inflexible and stereotyped nature of instinctive behaviour, any unexpected change in the environment may make such behaviour ineffective. (C) Nest construction, food storage for winter, the long journeys accomplished by some species of fish and bird, the placing of eggs by insects to ensure for them adequate nutrition, are examples of the type of behaviour which has always led man to ascribe some kind of reason or wisdom to these animals. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

Awards First Place winner: $150 / Second Place winner: $50 / Third Place winner: $20 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|Mini Test2 12|

186. 다음

빈칸에 공통으로 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?186)

These days it’s common to hear of countries that have “failed” due to internal instability, including civil war and military coups, so it might be instructive to think about what attributes a country needs to be successful. Probably no single factor is more important than _________. If everyone in a country speaks the same language and practices the same religion, we might conclude that this is the kind of that makes for a successful state. While these unifying factors are certainly useful, they’re neither sufficient nor necessary to make a successful state. Uniformity doesn’t mean that everyone has to think alike, but it does mean that the people in a country have to feel some affinity for each other and agree that the country should exist. This basic idea is embodied in an idea called the “nation-state.” ① anonymity ④ generosity

② certainty ⑤ uniformity

|Mini Test2 14|

188. 다음

밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않

은 것은?188)

Healing, both as a collection of ideas and as a ① sequence of practices, is are surely one of the most ancient and persistent elements of human culture. Material remains from prehistoric sites clearly show that our distant ancestors thought that disease had a ② cause and that someone could use that knowledge to help the sick person. Human remains indicate that these people could ③ repair broken bones and even drill a hole into the skull of a living person. The “Ice Man” who died on the high alpine pass of the Tisenjoch between Italy and Austria around 2700 BCE had already ④ wounded from several broken ribs long before he set out on his last and fateful journey; he also carried in his travel gear dried birch fungus to ⑤ treat diseases and wounds.

③ ambiguity |Mini Test2 15|

189.

다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것 은?189)

|Mini Test2 13|

187. 다음

밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?187)

Ted came to his son after watching him slouch around the yard one Sunday ① pulling the Spanish moss off the lowest branches of their big oak tree and then throwing rocks against the stop sign on their corner. “Do you want to do something fun?” Ted said to him. “Sure, Pop,” he said, though there was a certain suspicion in his voice, ② like he didn’t trust him on the subject of fun. He threw all the rocks at once that ③ were left in his hand and the stop sign shivered at their impact. Ted said, “If you keep that up, they will arrest me for the destruction of city property.” His son laughed at this. Ted, of course, knew that his son ④ will know he was joking. Ted didn’t want to be too hard on him for the boyish impulses that he himself had found to be so ⑤ satisfying when he was young, especially since he was about to share something of his own childhood with him.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

It is important to note that few scientists currently believe that either side of the brain deals exclusively with a particular kind of information. (A) , the following case illustrates how adaptable the brain can be. Bruce Lipstadt had the left hemisphere of his brain removed when he was 5 years old. Few doctors had hope for the development of his verbal ability, and most thought the operation would paralyze part of his body. Twenty-six years later, Bruce had an IQ of 126 — better than 9 out of 10 people. He swam, rode his bike, and got an A in a statistics course. Because his speech was normal, the right hemisphere must have taken over many of the functions formerly conducted mainly by the left hemisphere. (B) , this does not always happen as a result of operations of this type, especially after puberty. But it does suggest that, although the right and left hemispheres seem to specialize in processing certain types of information, they are by no means limited to processing only one.

- 50 -

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) However However In fact In fact Similarly

(B) Obviously In other words Obviously Doubtedly In other words

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|Mini Test2 16|

190. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하

지 않은 것은?190)

Until relatively recently, Sweden was an agriculturally based society. About 90% of families lived on farms until the Industrial Revolution in the early 1900s ① brought workers to the cities. Sweden has changed quickly into an industrialized, city-based country, with only 2% of the population now employed in agriculture. Thus many Swedes remember life on the farm or have certainly heard stories about it. Ties to the farm are very ② strong and deeply personal. Although they enjoy everyday city life, most Swedes are still peasants at heart who could easily ③ return to the ways of their ancestors, because the past is not too distant. Back-to-the-farm and back-to-nature romanticism constitutes a major part of Swedish culture. Swedes long for an escape ④ from the country where they can remind themselves of a simpler time. This is also true of younger Swedes who, similar to their counterparts elsewhere, seem to ⑤ devote a significant amount of time on their computers and smart phones. Still, while in the countryside, these younger Swedes behave in a fashion similar to their parents.

|Mini Test2 18|

192. 주어진

글에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?192)

I have met several art therapists and doctors who can pinpoint illnesses people have by asking patients to draw how they see themselves and how they feel about their life. (A) This can give an experienced health practitioner information about their patients’ lives, what emotions they are dealing with, and what tests may need to be done, as well as the possible causes of a patient’s “dis-ease.” (B) The different quarters can also relay information about the patient’s past, present, and future. This kind of intuitive drawing technique is particularly powerful with children, as it also gives them an opportunity to express themselves and understand what is going on in their lives. (C) Folding a sheet of paper twice to quarters, these doctors and therapists have the colored pencils to draw and color in their family, and anything else that they feel is different parts of the page. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

make four patients use face, body, relevant on

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|Mini Test2 17|

191. 주어진

글에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?191)

The proportions of the mixture of free-market determination and government control vary from economy to economy and over time. (A) Even the economies closest to free markets have a significant role for government, so it appears that there is no real alternative to a mixed system with major reliance on markets but also with a substantial government presence in many aspects of the economy. (B) There is more free-market determination in the USA than in France. There is more free-market determination in the UK today than there was forty years ago. The mix also varies from sector to sector within any one economy. For example, European agricultural markets have a substantial amount of government control. (C) Under market determination, the average size of a farm would be much larger and agricultural prices much lower than they now are. In contrast, the markets for information and computer technologies are largely free from government intervention. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

193. 다음

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|Mini Test2 19| 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것

은?193)

Space can be understood in a number of ways. In its simplest form, space can be viewed merely as ‘the container within which things happen.’ This is an absolute conception of space based on an idea of space as natural. (A) , space can also be mentally constructed through cognitive processes; for example, we all have ‘mental maps’ of where we live, focusing on the important roads, buildings and open spaces. Finally, most important for present-day geographical research is an understanding of space as produced through social interactions within material space. (B) , domestic kitchens are often associated with women’s work because of social norms regarding gendered work and care, and therefore are constructed as feminine spaces. However, kitchens in expensive restaurants are often constructed as masculine spaces that require stamina and emotional resilience. Thus, the intersection of material space of the kitchen with the norms and practices of a particular society produces a space that can include certain kinds of people and behaviour, and exclude others. (A) (B) ① However For example ② For instance Therefore ③ Therefore Consequently ④ Therefore Similarly ⑤ However For instance

194. 다음

|Mini Test2 21|

195. 다음

글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?195)

The concept of animal shelters has truly evolved over the last several decades. Due to the large number of homeless animals in the United States, these facilities are desperately needed to help provide for the basic needs of animals in the community. Previously, these places were more commonly referred to as “the pound”. a place where stray, lost, or unwanted animals were taken with little chance of being rehomed. A great deal of effort has been invested into changing that image by providing education to the community about responsible animal ownership and promoting neutering to keep the pet population from producing more homeless animals. Shelters today can be significantly different from one location to another. They may be municipally run (i.e., run by the town, city, or county), or they may be established as private nonprofit organizations. What the local shelter offers in terms of animal services depends on both its mission and its financial capabilities. Many city or township shelters have a dual role in serving the community and providing animal sheltering. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

importance of responsible animal ownership controlling pet population through neutering main functions and forms of animal shelters importance of our helping animal shelters ways of improving animal rights and why

|Mini Test2 20| 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않 |Mini Test2 22

은 것은?194)

Prior to the Second World War, nation-states regulated their economic and fiscal affairs primarily as ① domestic matters; however, in the post-war era we have witnessed a huge expansion and intensification of economic interdependence. As a result, the global economy is acutely ② vulnerable to disruption by the malfunction of any single nation-state’s fiscal-political system; a serious malfunction can ③ prevent a chain reaction known commonly as the ‘domino effect.’ Such a disruptive event occurred in 1997 when Thailand, with a relatively small national economy, suffered a financial collapse which touched off sufficient uncertainty among investors that they pulled their money out of neighbouring Malaysia, Indonesia, and South Korea. The resulting ④ destabilization of these national economies hastened the ‘Asian Economic Crisis’ and sparked a global recession. Increasingly, national institutions cannot handle emerging economic, political, and social problems; this has ⑤ prompted an urgent call for effective international regulatory institutions. 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

196. 다음

밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?196)

Many teachers, when keeping a student after the lesson for a reprimand, will ask the student to write down ① what happened and why. This is an excellent technique to use. It allows the student to express their own feelings and the writing ② becomes a good focus for discussion. It is a more productive use of time than say, copying a dictionary. But the problem is that almost always, ③ that will be the end of it — the student’s note will then be discarded. I have found a way to get maximum advantage from this time. You keep the note and a few lessons later you call the student back for a short chat, read back the note to them and then point out specifically ④ what things have improved. It works even better if you take the time and trouble ⑤ to write a short updated description of the student’s behaviour, and when the two are read alongside each other it gives powerful proof of progress.

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|Mini Test2 23

197. 다음

밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않

|Mini Test2 26-28|

199. 주어진

은 것은?197)

은?199)

If you’re angry at other drivers, they are at fault. If you’re angry at the long commute, the “incompetent” highway department is to blame. ① Unrealistic expectations of other people and events can fuel anger and trigger a flood of inner events when those expectations are not met. It’s not the people, events, or circumstances in the ② external world that cause anger, and we can all learn to control the inner events that occur when unreasonable expectations go unmet. Subscribing to this myth about anger is ③ accepting personal responsibility: “If only others would change, all would be well.” In your lifetime, perhaps all highways will move smoothly and other drivers will become ④ courteous. Children will be quiet, wives and husbands will do what you want when you want it, and Republicans and Democrats will start cooperating to work things out. However, you and I may not live long enough for this utopia to emerge, and we are insulated from anger by keeping our expectations ⑤ within the bounds of reality. |Mini Test2 26-28|

198. 다음

밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?198)

One warm autumn afternoon at her rural Florida home, Fran sat in her yard bench watching her grandchildren ① play on a swing set under a huge oak tree in the front yard. After a few minutes on the swings, the kids switched to the seesaw. Fran relaxed, the warm air lulling her into a state of relaxation. A golden retriever sat next to her on the bench. The dog was Fran’s favorite of her seven golden retrievers. Fran called him Brute. Suddenly Brute came alive. In a split second he jumped up and took off like a shot toward the kids. Fran knew something was wrong and jumped up too. When she focused on Brute, she saw something that made her chest ② tighten in panic. “Oh no!” she screamed. “Brute, what’s in your mouth?” She ran toward Brute and saw what he was holding — a snake. The 16-inch snake had a black head with red and yellow bands. Fran could see the snake thrashing and coiling, ③ trying to strike Brute. Brute wouldn’t let go. “Release it! Release it!” she yelled as she grabbed her grandchildren and ④ rushing them into the house. Fran’s husband, Mark, came running when he heard Fran’s screams. “What is it?” he hollered. Fran told him about the snake. Brute stood in the same spot and was shaking the snake hard. Then he started to turn round and round holding the snake. He was shaking it as ⑤ hard as he could. With the grandchildren safe in the house, Fran went back for her dog. The snake was moving less and appeared to be stunned. 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것

Fran relaxed, the warm air lulling her into a state of relaxation. (A) She ran toward Brute and saw what he was holding — a snake. The 16-inch snake had a black head with red and yellow bands. Fran could see the snake thrashing and coiling, trying to strike Brute. Brute wouldn’t let go. “Release it! Release it!” she yelled as she grabbed her grandchildren and rushed them into the house. Fran’s husband, Mark, came running when he heard Fran’s screams. “What is it?” he hollered. Fran told him about the snake. Brute stood in the same spot and was shaking the snake hard. Then he started to turn round and round holding the snake. He was shaking it as hard as he could. (B) A golden retriever sat next to her on the bench. The dog was Fran’s favorite of her seven golden retrievers. Fran called him Brute. Suddenly Brute came alive. In a split second he jumped up and took off like a shot toward the kids. Fran knew something was wrong and jumped up too. When she focused on Brute, she saw something that made her chest tighten in panic. “Oh no!” she screamed. “Brute, what’s in your mouth?” (C) With the grandchildren safe in the house, Fran went back for her dog. The snake was moving less and appeared to be stunned. Mark asked Fran to get a plastic bag. When she returned with one, he carefully grabbed the snake right behind the head and threw it into the bag. They put it into the freezer. Fran took Brute into the house. She closely checked his body for snakebites but she couldn’t find any. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

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② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr) |Mini Test3 03|

Mini Test 03

202. 다음 |Mini Test3 01|

200.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절 하지 않은 것은?200)

We have been pleased to be able to offer on-site childcare to full-time employees for the past ten years. We are very proud of our facility and intend to ① maintain it at the highest level. However, in this economy, we find it necessary to ② impose a daily fee to partially cover the cost of operations of the childcare center. Although we realize this may cause some ③ difficulty for employees who make use of this benefit, in fairness we feel that users should bear some of the cost. Effective March 1, fees for use of the facility will be ④ added to paychecks. The charges will be on a ⑤ sliding scale, based on the pay rate of each employee and the number of children in care. Please read the enclosed rate schedule. For further information or to ask questions about this policy, please contact the benefits office.

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?202)

Most of us are typically used to listening and being listened to on a fairly surface level. We don’t pay much attention to what is not being said, pick up on subtle incongruities in speech, ① nor hear the emotion behind a person’s words unless it is obvious and clear. Consider a client who tells us that she is excited to be moving house and ② living in a new city. We hear the words and respond accordingly, ③ telling the person how happy we are for her and what a great adventure she will have. The active listener might hear between the words, noting the speaker’s deep intake of breath before she responds, or ④ slightly shrug of the shoulders. They might hear the slightly pensive tone, or note the look in her eyes, ⑤ which indicates that although the move might be exciting, there are other emotions at play — perhaps she is frightened about taking such a big step, or cautious about leaving friends and family behind. The active listener hears her words, and notes the other information she is communicating, and can therefore respond on a deeper level.

|Mini Test3 02|

201. 주어진

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 |Min Test3 04|

고르시오.201)

Snap! A small branch in the bushes broke. Again! Glancing sharply toward the bushes, the direction where the sound had occurred, Abby expected to see a raccoon or a rabbit run into the weak light offered by the single bulb hanging in the garage. (A) She suddenly felt very vulnerable in this isolated area of the road. Peering into the darkness, she sensed unseen eyes studying her, watching her. (B) Relax, she told herself. Go inside. It’s dark now. From the corner of her eye, she caught movement in the bushes. She froze and her heart kicked hard. (C) But there was only silence. She realized, then, that the crickets had stopped their songs, the bullfrogs were no longer croaking. Her heart rate increased and involuntarily she strained to listen, to notice any other sounds that were out of the ordinary. ① (A)-(C)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C)

④ (C)-(A)-(B)

⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

203. 주어진

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을

고르시오.203)

Your customers are your business. Your existing customers form the bedrock providing the foundation from which to grow. Your prospects are your future. (A) If you have full and detailed customer records you will be able to understand your business better. You will be able to analyse spending patterns and see trends. This information can help you with your future business decisions and marketing activities. (B) The only way you are going to be able to build your relationship with these people is to communicate with them. If you are to do that effectively then you will need a system. Any system starts with customer records. (C) Keeping names written on scraps of paper, held in your head or contained in your inbox is not an effective way to manage your database. It can be extremely time-consuming to operate in this way and you will end up continually chasing your tail. ① (A)-(C)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C)

④ (C)-(A)-(B)

⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

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③ (B)-(C)-(A)

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|Mini Test3 05|

204. 주어진

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을

|Mini Test3 11|

206. 다음

고르시오.204)

밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않

은 것은?206)

Each life is like a great adventure. Some lives are like the life of Indiana Jones and others are marked by calmer guideposts, but we are all here on a big adventure. (A) So I began exploring the idea that if we always go with the flow, we are like dead fish. Our spirits wither when we just sit back swallowing everything whole, gulping water, getting knocked around by life, going onward to who knows where. (B) The definition of adventure is a risky undertaking, a challenging experience, a quest, an unusual and exciting experience, and an escapade. We have all heard the saying “Go with the flow.” Well, recently I saw a T-shirt with the saying “Only dead fish go with the flow.” (C) Soon after seeing that T-shirt, I went camping near one of the most beautiful streams in the world. I spent some time watching how fish actually go downstream. They don’t go with the flow; they dart around, they swim across currents, they explore, and sometimes they swim upstream.

Within the first year or two of life, as infants start to differentiate themselves from the rest of the world, the self begins to develop. Babies, then toddlers, then children ①devote enormous energy to understanding who they are. They actively seek to define themselves and to become competent in the identities they claim. At early ages, girls and boys start working to become competent females and males, ②respectably. They scan the environment, find models of females and males, and imitate and refine their performances of gender. In like manner, children figure out what it ③takes to be smart, strong, attractive, and responsible, and they work to become competent in each area. Throughout our lives, we continue the process of defining and presenting our identities. Struggling to be a swimmer at age 4 gives way to ④striving to be popular in high school and (being a successful professional and parent in adult life. The fact that we ⑤continuously evolve is evidence of our capacity for self-renewal and continual growth.

|Mini Test3 12|

① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

207. 다음

|Mini Test3 06|

205. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?205)

For years, we look to third world countries and ① shed our disdain at their labor practices. We have heard stories of children working in factories and employees ② take home meager wages for a week’s work. How can they treat other human beings so ③ poorly? This kind of thing would never happen in America! We have a minimum wage law. We require employers to follow labor laws and employ only people of a certain age. There must be justice in our system. As a leader, I can attest to the fact ④ that there is no justice in minimum wage. We create jobs that pay only enough money to barely keep people above water. Their lives ⑤ are minimized as they are required to take on multiple jobs just to survive. Today, stop and think about the person that is serving you coffee at the donut shop or handing your order to you in the drive-thru. They are made of the same blood and bones as you and they deserve better.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?207)

Karen’s mother lived in a small studio apartment ① filled untidily with boxes of paper, receipts, plastic bags, and wrapping paper. The property manager, who never yelled but wasn’t friendly either, had called her mother weekly to ask ② that progress she’d made in clearing the apartment. Karen felt that the property manager could be a great ally if she could persuade her to help her ③ manage her mother’s hoarding problem. Karen asked the property manager to lunch to thank her for her patience with the difficult process and to explain that both she and her mother were committed to ④ working on the hoarding problem. At lunch, Karen chatted with the property manager about topics other than her mother. She complimented the property manager’s taste in clothing and jewelry. Near the end of the lunch, Karen felt the property manager ⑤ soften. Karen explained the harm reduction process to her and asked if she would be willing to be a team member. The property manager agreed to think about this.

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|Mini Test3 13|

208. 다음

|Mini Test3 15|

210. 주어진

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?208)

One of the most controversial examples of the political aspect of international sport ① was the events of the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin during Hitler’s Third Reich. Hitler embraced the Games to showcase German renewal and ② to highlight the Nazis’ superior political projects, including racial purity. However, IOC president Henri de Baillet-Latour was ultimately successful in ③ compelling Hitler to remove a significant amount of anti-Semitic signage during the Games. The 1936 Games were likewise famous for the success of African American athlete Jesse Owens, who won four gold medals in front of Hitler and an enthusiastic German crowd and ④ it formed a lifelong friendship with the German competitor he beat in the long jump, Luz Long. Some argue that these accomplishments undermined the Nazi agenda of racism, authoritarianism, and political violence ⑤ while others see the Berlin Games as an example of degenerative nationalism.

고르시오.210)

It takes time to develop and launch products. Consequently, many companies know 6–12 months ahead of time that they will be launching a new product. In order to create interest in the product, companies will often launch pre-market advertising campaigns. (A) This marketing technique is called demand creation. It involves creating a buzz about a new potentially revolutionary nutrient or training technique through publishing articles and/or books that stimulate the reader’s interest. Once this is done, a new product is launched. (B) In the nutrition industry, articles are often written discussing a new nutrient under investigation. Over a series of issues, you begin to see more articles discussing this new nutrient and potential to enhance training and/or performance. (C)

|Mini Test3 14|

209. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?209)

The mechanical thinker takes considerable pride in his opinions, which he believes to be “right.” It is proper and necessary, he believes, for a person to “① take a stand” on things — on just about everything, in fact. Each time he voices a sweeping generalization on some topic, he commits himself to adopt a rigid stand on similar topics. He must, above all, be “consistent.” If you study the mechanical thinker ② closely, you will probably notice a singular lack of apparent curiosity. He seldom asks questions, and he seldom seeks new information about his world. He would seldom admit to ③ having learned something from another person. He rarely reads books and certainly not nonfiction material. If a man, he may read the sports pages, which ④ are acceptable behavior for a male in his society — or if a woman she may read the women’s section of the paper. The mechanical thinker may reveal a noticeable uneasiness in unfamiliar situations and may be embarrassed when confronted with a fact that forces him to revise a strongly ⑤ held opinion.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을

Then, after 4.6 months, a new product is coincidentally launched that contains the ingredient that has been discussed in previous issues. Books and supplement reviews have also been used as vehicles to promote the sale of fitness and nutrition products.

① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|Mini Test3 16|

211. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?211)

It is worth ① remembering that the idea of classical music widely accepted today did not exist until about 300 years ago. Performing music in concert halls to a paying audience, as something inherently pleasurable and significant, ② was pretty much unheard of until the eighteenth century and not widely established until the nineteenth. The concert hall, the audience, and the idea of ‘masterpieces’ of classical music, were all effectively invented during the course of the eighteenth century — in London, Paris, Vienna, Berlin and other European cities. Much of the music that is now performed in public concerts was not composed for that purpose. The cantatas of J. S. Bach, for example, were written to be sung in religious services at the Church of St. Thomas in Leipzig ③ which Bach was cantor. These pieces were part of weekly worship, and included chorales (hymns) for the congregation ④ to join in with the singing. Sing along during a modern concert hall performance of one of these works today and you’re likely to ⑤ be told to shut up.

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr) 

|Mini Test3 17|

212. 다음

글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?212)

Some coaches erroneously believe that mental skills training (MST) can only help perfect the performance of highly skilled competitors. As a result, they shy away from MST, rationalizing that because they are not coaching elite athletes, mental skills training is less important. It is true that mental skills become increasingly important at high levels of competition. As athletes move up the competitive ladder, they become more homogeneous in terms of physical skills. In fact, at high levels of competition, all athletes have the physical skills to be successful. Consequently, any small difference in mental factors can play a huge role in determining performance outcomes. However, we can anticipate that personal growth and performance will progress faster in young, developing athletes who are given mental skills training than in athletes not exposed to MST. In fact, the optimal time for introducing MST may be when athletes are first beginning their sport. Introducing MST early in athletes’ careers may lay the foundation that will help them develop to their full potential. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

The The The The The

Appropriate Timing of Mental Therapy qualification for Being a Skilled Coach Possibility of Success in Young Athletes Invisible Competitive Ladder for Athletes Necessity of Mental Skills Training for Athletes

|Mini Test3 18|

213. 다음

Taste surely affects consumers’ (A) likewise, it also has a strong influence on our life.

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) hostility inclination animosity preference hospitality

(B) cultural cultural modern bygone bygone

, and (B)

life life civilization days days

|Mini Test3 19|

214. 다음

글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것

은?214)

Everyone would agree that teenagers seem to be obsessed with their clothing. Why is this so? Most people would simply say that it is a stage that teens go through. (A) , there are good reasons for the obsession with clothing, not the least of which is that for the first time in their lives teens are starting to define themselves as people without the guidance, or interference, of their parents. As teens set out to establish themselves, and by so doing start to break free from the control of parents, their very first opportunity to express themselves as individuals comes through choosing their own clothing. (B) , teen clothing represents much more than style, fashion, or fad. In truth, it represents the very first authentic opportunity for teens to self-define.

글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A)

와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?213)

Economists use the term “taste” as a shorthand way of referring to the system of preferences that so clearly affects the pattern of every consumer’s demand. To take a simple example, some consumers prefer white bread to whole wheat or rye, while some prefer rolls to bread. Obviously, the aggregate of these preferences influences the demand for white bread as compared with the other types, or for bread compared with rolls. Similarly, in the realm of culture some consumers prefer the visual to the performing arts, some enjoy the theater but have no taste for music, and some watch television in preference to attending any sort of arts activity. We all recognize that in the aggregate these preferences must strongly affect the dimensions of our cultural life.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

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① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) Moreover Moreover For example In fact In fact

(B) Thus Nevertheless On the other hand Nevertheless Thus

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|Mini Test3 20|

215. 글의

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절

|Mini Test3 22|

217. 다음

한 곳을 고르시오.215)

글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것

은?217)

As it turned out, the deer wasn’t even truly wild, but an escapee from one of the last urban farms. Some people didn’t believe in the white deer of Mission Hills until they saw it, usually at dusk, slipping through the canyon bush. ( ① ) For a decade, the little deer haunted an old urban neighborhood in San Diego, and the people who saw it came to love it. ( ② ) They named it Lucy. ( ③ ) After an animal control officer, in a misguided effort to protect it, shot the deer with a tranquilizer gun and it died, over two hundred men, women, and children came to Lucy’s funeral at a nearby park. ( ④ ) In these hard-edged years, such sentiment may seem strange; to some, even silly. ( ⑤ ) Even when this identity of the deer was made public, people in surrounding neighborhoods, including my own, continued to talk about the deer for years, almost as if it were still alive.

Habits form when the brain takes a shortcut and stops actively deliberating over what to do next. The brain quickly learns to codify behaviors that provide a solution to whatever situation it encounters. (A) , nail biting is a common behavior that occurs with little or no conscious thought. Initially, the biter might start biting her fingernail for a reason — to remove an unsightly hangnail, for example. (B) , when the behavior occurs for no conscious purpose — simply as an automatic response to a cue — the habit is in control. For many persistent nail-biters, the unconscious trigger is the unpleasant feeling of stress. The more the biter associates the act of nail biting with the temporary relief it provides, the harder it becomes to change the conditioned response. (A) (B) ① For example In other words ② For example However ③ Similarly Thus ④ Similarly However ⑤ On the contrary Thus |Mini Test3 23|

218. |Mini Test3 21|

216. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하

지 않은 것은?216)

In most African subsistence communities, children are an ① integral part of the household labour force; they herd livestock, collect water and tend crops. As a general rule, education is seen as a means of economic and social emancipation and therefore ② repulsive. However, the cost of educating children is ③ high. Not only do families have to pay school fees and other associated costs but any child who is in school is not ④ available for household labour. Moreover, in some cases, investing in a daughter’s education might not be in your own best interests. For example, in patrilocal societies, where daughters live with their husband’s family once they marry, it is the husband’s family that ⑤ benefits from the parental investment in daughter’s education. Parents are thus confronted by a dilemma: which children, if any, should they educate, and for how long?

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?218)

The ability to detect danger in the posture of others has been studied by the neuroscientist Beatrice Gelder. Her research has demonstrated that the brain of an observer reacts more powerfully to the body language of a person in a posture indicating fear than it does even to a fearful facial expression. Looks of fear can paralyze or, at least, evoke our own potent fear-based reactions. Yet, as powerful as facial expressions are in conveying danger, a person’s uptight posture and furtive movements make us even more uncomfortable. Wouldn’t you, too, be startled by the sudden recoiling of the hiker in front of you a split second before you heard the hissing of a coiled snake? This type of imitative behavior occurs throughout the animal world. If, for example, one bird in a flock on the ground suddenly takes off, all the other birds will follow immediately after; they do not need to know why.

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① 관찰자의 뇌는 두려워하는 얼굴표정보다 신체언어에 더 강력하게 반응한다. ② 두려워하는 표정은 두려움에 근거한 우리 자신의 강력 한 반응을 무력화한다. ③ 위험을 전달하는 데 있어서 얼굴표정은 강력하지 않다. ④ 어떤 사람의 긴장한 자세와 수상한 움직임이 우리를 불 편하게 만든다. ⑤ 만약 땅위의 있는 새 떼 중 한 마리가 날아오르면, 다른 모든 새는 즉시 따라한다. 무단복제 및 전송은 마음껏 하세요! 오타와 오류에 대해서 절대 책임지지 않습니다.ㅋㅋㅋ

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

|Mini Test3 26-28|

[219-221] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

219. 주어진

로 가장 적절한 것은?219)

(A) After reading Peter’s essay arguing that wealthy persons should donate resources to charitable causes, Gorby wrote to Peter for advice on his career choice. He had just finished graduate school, and was volunteering for a charity, but he had realized that (a) he could do more good if he worked for a bank and donated most of his earnings to the charity. Gorby also mentioned the possibility of working for the World Bank but dismissed that option because of the damage he believed the bank was doing to the very people he wanted to help. Peter sent a reply suggesting to him the possibility of being an innovator at the World Bank and helping to reform it, and (b) he forgot all about it.

① (B) - (D) - (C) ③ (C) - (D) - (B) ⑤ (D) - (C) - (B)

220. 밑줄

(C) Years later Peter received an email from Gorby. He read that Gorby had joined the World Bank and was working with a team that evaluated the cost-effectiveness of the bank’s investments in global health. More specifically, (c) he was managing the section that recommended investments in family planning. As a result of the recommendations (d) his section made, the bank shifted about $400 million from projects that cost $300 for each unwanted birth prevented to projects that cost $50 for the same outcome. (D) After calculating this, Peter read the rest of the email. Gorby mentioned that he learned that at organizations like the World Bank one had a very good chance of being in a position to control more money than one could realistically hope to earn by becoming wealthy. Moreover, (e) he said, there was less competition for positions in such institutions than there was for high-earning jobs in the private sector, so one did not have to be exceptionally talented or work seventy-hour weeks in order to reach a level at which one could make a real difference.

② (C) - (B) - (D) ④ (D) - (B) - (C)

친 (a)∼(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다

른 것은?220)

① (a)

221. 윗글에

② (b)

③ (c)

④ (d)

⑤ (e)

관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?221)

① Gorby가 Peter에게 편지를 먼저 보냈다. ② Gorby는 막 대학원을 마쳤으며, 자선단체에서 봉사활동 을 하고 있었다. ③ Peter는 은행의 가족 예산에 20억 달러를 기부하였다. ④ Gorby는 세계은행에서 비용 효과를 평가하는 팀에서 일하고 있었다. ⑤ Peter는 Gorby의 팀이 해낸 성과를 계산한 후에 나머지 편지를 읽었다.

(B) Peter thought this budget shift showed that there were very big differences in the cost-effectiveness of different ways of improving the health of people in developing countries, so even with a fixed budget, better choices could make a huge difference. He calculated that what Gorby’s section did was equivalent, in the number of unwanted births prevented, to adding $2 billion to the bank’s family planning budget.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으

|Mini Test3 26-28|

[222-223] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오. (A) After reading Peter’s essay arguing that wealthy persons should donate resources to charitable causes, Gorby wrote to Peter for advice on his career choice. He had just finished graduate school, and was volunteering for a charity, but he had realized that he could do more good if he worked for a bank and donated most of his earnings to the charity. Gorby also mentioned the possibility of working for the World Bank but (a) dismissed that option because of the damage he believed the bank was doing to the very people he wanted to help. Peter sent a reply suggesting to him the possibility of being an innovator at the World Bank and helping to reform it, and he (b) forgot all about it. (B) Peter thought this budget shift showed that there were very big differences in the cost-effectiveness of different ways of improving the health of people in developing countries, so even with a fixed budget, better choices could make a huge difference. He calculated that what Gorby’s section did was (c) equivalent, in the number of unwanted births prevented, to adding $2 billion to the bank’s family planning budget.

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

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(C) After calculating this, Peter read the rest of the email. Gorby mentioned that he learned that at organizations like the World Bank one had a very good chance of being in a position to control more money than one could realistically hope to earn by becoming wealthy. Moreover, he said, there was (d) more competition for positions in such institutions than there was for high-earning jobs in the private sector, so one did not have to be exceptionally talented or work seventy-hour weeks in order to reach a level at which one could make a real difference. (D) Years later Peter received an email from Gorby. He read that Gorby had joined the World Bank and was working with a team that evaluated the cost-effectiveness of the bank’s investments in global health. More specifically, he was managing the section that recommended investments in family planning. As a result of the recommendations his section made, the bank shifted about $400 million from projects that cost $300 for each unwanted birth prevented to projects that cost $50 for the (e) same outcome.

222. 주어진

글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으

로 가장 적절한 것은?222)

① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

223. 밑줄

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

친 (a)∼(e)중에서, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

않은 것은?223)

① (a)

224. 윗글에

② (b)

③ (c)

④ (d)

⑤ (e)

관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?224)

① Gorby가 보낸 첫 편지에 Peter는 답장을 해 주었다. ② Gorby는 많은 돈을 통제할 수 있는 사람이 가지는 가 능성에 대해 알았다. ③ 세계은행의 자리에 도달하는 것이 사적 부분의 고수익 일자리에 도달하는 것보다 어렵다. ④ Peter는 고정된 예산으로 개발도상국 사람들의 건강을 개선할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. ⑤ Gorby는 가족계획에 투자를 권고하는 부서를 관리하고 있었다.

|Mini Test3 26-28|

[225-227] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오. (A) After reading Peter’s essay (a) arguing that wealthy persons should donate resources to charitable causes, Gorby wrote to Peter for advice on his career choice. He had just finished graduate school, and was volunteering for a charity, but he had realized that he could do more good if he (b) worked for a bank and donated most of his earnings to the charity. Gorby also mentioned the possibility of working for the World Bank but dismissed that option because of the damage he believed the bank was doing to the very people he wanted to help. Peter sent a reply suggesting to him the possibility of being an innovator at the World Bank and helping to reform it, and he forgot all about (c) it. (B) After calculating this, Peter read the rest of the email. Gorby mentioned that he learned that at organizations like the World Bank one had a very good chance of being in a position to control more money than one could realistically hope to earn by becoming wealthy. Moreover, he said, there was less competition for positions in such institutions than there was for high-earning jobs in the private sector, so one did not have to be exceptionally talented or work seventy-hour weeks in order to reach a level at which one could make a real difference. (C) Peter thought this budget shift showed (d) that there were very big differences in the cost-effectiveness of different ways of improving the health of people in developing countries, so even with a fixed budget, better choices could make a huge difference. He calculated that what Gorby’s section did was equivalent, in the number of unwanted births prevented, to (e) add $2 billion to the bank’s family planning budget. (D) Years later Peter received an email from Gorby. He read that Gorby had joined the World Bank and was working with a team that evaluated the cost-effectiveness of the bank’s investments in global health. More specifically, he was managing the section that recommended investments in family planning. As a result of the recommendations his section made, the bank shifted about $400 million from projects that cost $300 for each unwanted birth prevented to projects that cost $50 for the same outcome.

225. 주어진

글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으

로 가장 적절한 것은?225)

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

① (A)-(C)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C)

④ (C)-(A)-(B)

⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

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③ (B)-(C)-(A)

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

226. 밑줄

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친 (a)∼(e) 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?226)

① (a)

227. 윗글에

② (b)

③ (c)

④ (d)

⑤ (e)

관한 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?227)

① Peter는 Gorby에게 세계은행의 혁신가가 되라는 조언을 하였다

② Gorby는 세계은행에서 많은 돈을 통제하면서 많은 가 능성 또한 가지는 것을 알게 되었다. ③ Peter는 Gorby의 부서가 해낸 일에 대한 계산을 해 보 았다. ④ Peter가 Gorby로부터 다시 이메일을 받은 것은 첫 번째 편지후 몇 년뒤가 지나서였다. ⑤ Gorby는 Peter가 첫 번째 편지에서 했던 조언을 따르지 않았다.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

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정답지 1) ④ 글의 초반에 상담 의뢰인들이 영화 속 등장인물을 통해 내적 변화를 겪는 경우를 말하고 있다. 영화 속 등장인물과 거리를 유지하는 동시에 비판적이었다는 내용으로 영화의 경험과 심 리적 탐구를 결합하여 강력한 결과를 가져왔다는 ④이 적절하 다. 2) ⑤ a reality that makes even the simplest decisions more complicated로 the simplest decisions와 목적보어의 수동 관계이므로 complicated가 적절하다. 3) ③ 제시문 these challenges는 ①, ②에서 언급된 직접 경험하 지 않은 추상적 정보와 고객들과의 단절을 의미한다. 따라서 문맥상 ③이 적절하다. 4) ② 광고 캠페인을 계획할 때, 아무리 그 내용이 훌륭해도 의도된 대상에게 그 광고가 도달하지 못하면 의미가 없다는 내용에 글로 엉뚱한 시청자에 놓인 광고는 완전한 시간과 노력의 낭 비라고 언급한 것으로 보아. 적절한 광고계획이 중요하다는 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서 ②에 원문의 주제인 잘못된 광고계 획은 전체 캠페인 계획을 망친다가 적절하다. 5) ② But이 나와 있기 때문에 앞부분과 반대가 되는 부분에 놓여 진다. it은 앞부분에 있는 규칙을 언급하고 여러 가지 방법에 대한 언급이 ②뒤 부분에 전개되고 있다. 6) ③ 심리학과 개 훈련이 공통점이 많다는 제시문의 부연 설명하는 (B)가 적절하고 (C)는 이전 세대에는 신체적 처벌이 용인되었 다는 내용으로 보아 (B)의 뒤에 부분과 연결된다. (C)는 유사 하게를 통하여 인간과 개에 공통점에 대해 언급하고 있다. 따 라서 (B)-(C)-(A)가 적절하다. 7) ⑤ make some foods digestible의 5형식의 문장을 바꾼 형태 이다. 일부 음식들이 소화가 잘된다는 의미의 형용사가 적절 하다. 8) ② 제시문의 ‘실제 상황’에서 이뤄진 실험을 언급하고 있다. (B) 에서 그 부분에 예시가 이어지고 있다. (A)에서 they는 (B)부 분의 the people을 받고 있다. (C)에서는 두 번째 게시물이 자신들의 목적지로 가는 대체경로를 찾는 것이 더 쉽다는 (B) 의 결론으로 이어지고 있다. 따라서 (B)-(A)-(C)가 적절하다.

어렵다고 나와있고 (B)에서는 그 부분에 대한 부연설명이 들 어간다. 그리고 (C)에서 예시를 제시하고 있다. (A)는 However를 통해 아이보호와 가정의 가치를 존중하는 것 사 이에 균형이 유지하는 것이 어렵다고 이어진다. 따라서 (B)-(A)-(C)가 적절하다. 13) ② 고립된 천재모형의 대안이 관계 속에서 천재성을 찾는다고 말 하고 있으므로, 앞에는 고립된 천재모형이 뒤에는 관계에 대 한 설명이 나오는 것이 적절하다. 14) ③ 고립된 영웅보다는 혁신이 진행되는 과정을 강조한다는 부연 의 내용과 앞에 나와 있는 관계망에서 창조성을 찾아야 한다 는 기술을 통해 사회가 개인에게 미치는 영향을 설명하고 있 음을 알 수 있다. 15) ④ 앞 문장에서 소비자의 핵심 욕구를 충족시킨다고 이야기하고 있으므로, 제품 자체의 기능에 대한 것임을 추론할 수 있으 며, 부연에서 오히려 수행능력이 더 좋다고 이야기하고 있다. 16) ⑤ 식물 성장은 영양소 중에서 가장 적은 것에 의해 결정된다고 설명하고 있다. 17) ③ 튤립 거품에 대한 설명이 나와 있는 (B)가 가장 앞에 오고, 현상이 전환되는 내용에 대한 (C)가 다음에 이어진 후, 가격 이 떨어지고 사람들이 파산하는 결과에 대한 내용이 마지막에 오는 것이 적절하다. 18) ② 앞 문장에서 성격과 삶에서 일어나는 사건이 행복에 독립적으 로 영향을 미칠 것이라는 가설이 틀렸다고 이야기하고 있고, 뒤에서 낙관론자들은 보다 더 많은 긍정적 경험을, 비관론자 들은 보다 더 많은 부정적 경험을 했다고 하고 있으므로, 일 에 대한 관점에 해당하는 성격(personality)이 사건의 인식 (what happened to people)에 영향을 미쳤음을 알 수 있다. 19) ④ 항체생성의 원인에 대해 면역체계가 기억을 하기 때문이라는 내용의 (C)가 제일 먼저 오고, 그러한 면역 기억에 대한 부연 으로 B세포에 대한 언급이 있는 (A)가 온 이후, B세포가 항체 를 만들지 않고 있다가 항원이 들어왔을 때 항체를 생성한다 는 내용의 부연인 (B)가 마지막에 와야 자연스럽다. 20) ③ 결과가 분명했다고 이야기하고 있으므로 앞에는 실험의 내용 이, 뒤에는 실험결과에 대한 부연이 오는 것이 적절하다.

9) ② 한 문장에서 동사는 1개이다. 이미 climb 의 주어가 나왔기 때문에 is known에 is를 빼야 문법상 적절하다.

21) ② consider로 예시임을 알 수 있으므로, 앞에는 일반적 진술이, 뒤에는 고급차와 관련된 부연이 와야 한다.

10) ② 글의 전체적인 소재는 과업 수행에 방해가 되는 인지적 간섭 에 관한이야기이다. ②바로 뒤에 인지적 간섭이 그 과정(드라 이브를 치는)을 엉망으로 만든다고 이어지고 있는 것으로 유 추해보면 흐름상 ②번은 disrupts가 적절하다.

22) ③ 과시하고자 하는 욕구에서 고급차를 구매하는 행위에 대해 언 급하고 있으므로, 고급차는 외적으로 눈에 띄는 개인적 성공 의 상징으로서의 의미를 가지고 있음을 알 수 있으므로 outwardly가 적합하다.

11) ⑤ the way를 수식하는 형용사적 용법으로 for news outlets을 의미상의 주어로 가지고 있는 to create가 적절하다.

23) ⑤ 놀라운 요소를 친숙한 맥락에 도입한다고 이야기해야 예측 가 능한 것과 놀라운 요소 사이의 대조가 아이뿐 아니라 어른도 즐겁게 만들어준다는 설명이 올 수 있다.

12) ③ 제시문은 아동보호에 해로운 것이 무엇인지를 결정하는 것이 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

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24) ④ 벌목산업을 확장할지의 여부에 대해 Jack은 신문을 높이 평 가하는 반면 Jill은 삼림을 높게 평가하는 경우에 잠재이익과 잠재손실을 비교하는 방법이 필요한다는 내용의 글로 주어진 문장 손익분석의 논리는 그것들 중 하나를 분명히 선택한다는 내용 뒤에 들어가야 한다. 25) ④ 물질적 유물이 비물질적 측면에 대한 추론을 하기 위해 사용 된다는 의미이므로 수동태 be used 뒤에 목적을 나타내는 부정사 to make가 오는 것이 적절하다. 26) ③ What → Whatever [해설] 관계대명사 What은 명사절의 기능을 하지만, 해당 문 장은 양보의 의미를 이끄는 부사절이 쓰여야 하므로 What을 Whatever로 바꿔야 한다. 27) ③ [해설] 주어진 글에서 아이들은 빠르게 지적한다는 내용에 대 해 (B)에서 코를 파는 친구에 대한 이야기가 예시로 등장하 고, (C)에서 코를 파는 친구에게 진실을 말하는 친구의 이야 기가 등장하고, 마지막으로 (A)에서 친구들이 또래 친구들로 부터 긍정적인 영향을 받을 수 있다는 내용으로 이어지는 것 이 적절하다. 28) ③ [해설] (A)에서 대포는 철도에 탑재된다는 내용이므로 탑재된 (mounted)이 적절하다. *dismounted: 내려진 (B)에서 철도를 사용하는 것이 대포를 사용하는 것보다 훨씬 나아지는 것이므로 발전(improvement)이 적절하다. *retrogression: 후퇴, 퇴보 (C)에서 계속해서 받침대를 만드는 필요가 없어지는 것이므로 제거했다(eliminated)가 적절하다. *established: 설립했다 29) ④ excludes → entails [해설] 자유주의에서는 모든 선(善)을 동일하다고 보고, 각 개 인의 주관에 따라 해석한다고 하였고, 이러한 움직임은 문맥 상 어떤 선도 다른 선보다 더 낫지 않다는 것을 인식하고, 인 정한다는 내용이어야 하므로 배제하다(excludes)를 수반하다 (entails)로 바꿔야 한다. 30) ④ inferior → superior [해설] 문맥상 비쩍 마른 남자가 보디빌더보다 더 우월한 유 전자를 가지고 있어야 한다는 내용이 되어야 하므로 inferior 를 superior로 바꿔야 한다. 31) ② [해설] Oxford 사전의 회계사에 대한 정의를 이야기하는 주 어진 글에 이어, 그러한 정의가 과도하게 단순화된 것이라고 언급하는 (B)가 오고, 기본적인 업무 이외에도 회계사가 하는 추가적인 일들을 언급하는 (A)에 이어서, 회계사의 나아가야 할 방향에 대해 진술하는 (C)로 이어지는 것이 글의 순서로 가장 적절하다. 32) ② [해설] 주어진 문장의 it은 인간이 자신과 자신의 동료를 분리 하는 벽을 허물어뜨리려고 하는 것을 가리키므로 주어진 문장 은 ②에 들어가는 것이 가장 적절하다. 33) ④ natural → artificial [해설] 인위적인 보조제를 사용하여 해충을 제거하지 말고, 즉 질병을 억제하지 않고, 그대로 두자는 내용이므로 ④natural (자연의)을 artificial(인위적인)로 바꿔야 한다. 34) ② [해설] 기후 변화에 대한 관광 부문의 반응이 두가지가 있다 는 주어진 글에 이어, (B)에서 그 두가지 반응인 완화와 적응 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

에 대해서 설명하고, (A)에서 완화와 적응에 대한 예시를 설 명한 뒤, 언급된 예시의 관광의 이동성에 대한 더 구체적인 예시를 진술하는 (C)로 이어지는 것이 글의 순서로 가장 적절 하다. 35) ④ which → where [해설] 뒷 문장이 완전한 문장이고, 선행사가 장소이므로 which를 where로 바꿔야 한다. 36) ③ [해설] 과학적 아이디어는 일상의 생각과 달리 직관에 반대된 다는 주어진 글에 이어, (B)에서 어떤 방에 있는 금속 조각과 나무 조각을 만지는 예시를 들고, (C)에서 만졌을 때 느껴지 는 차이가 일어나는 이유를 설명하고, 실제로는 우리가 잘못 된 직관을 가지고 있다고 이야기하는 (A)로 이어지는 것이 글 의 순서로 가장 적절하다. 37) ④ [해설] 죽은 영웅은 자식을 가질 수 없다는 말에 이어, 주어 진 문장의 이타주의 유전자를 가진 개체는 사라진다는 내용이 나오는 것이 가장 자연스러우므로 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은 ④이다. 38) ④ 주어가 The habit 이므로 단수동사 처리를 해야 해서 are이 아니라 is로 바꿔야 적절하다. 39) ② 일반 동사인 said를 수식하는 것이므로 부사인 frequently를 사용하는 것이 적절하다. 40) ④ 주어진 문장은 항공사가 세계 최고의 비즈니스 클래스 좌석을 가졌지만 그것에 만족하지 않고 차세대 좌석을 개발하기 시작 했다고 말하고 있다. 이 내용은 앞 문장의 과거 업적에 안주 하지 않고 상황을 개선하기 위해 계속 노력하고 있다는 말의 예시 문장으로 보는 것이 적절하다. 41) ④ 배우가 아닌 친구와 가족의 칭찬은 도움이 되지 않는다고 했 으므로 그에 반대되는 전문가의 정직한 말은 성장에 도움이 된다고 하는 것이 문맥상 적절하다. 42) ⑤ ⌜how to 동사원형⌟은 ‘~하는 방법’으로 해석이 되고, observe 뒤에 목적어인 your own work가 왔으므로 완전한 형태를 이루고 있으므로 how로 바꾸는 것이 적절하다. 43) ⑤ 전문적인 사람의 충고가 유익하다는 앞 문장과 객관적으로 스 스로 관찰하는 방법을 알 필요가 있다는 중간에 들어가는 것 이 적절하다. 44) ③ 노점상과의 교류에서 의도적으로 소통하는 것을 통하면 그 관 계는 쇠하는 것이 아니라 자라고 커진다고 보는 것이 내용상 으로 맞다. 45) ④ 앞의로의 구매는 금전적인 면에서는 비슷하겠지만, 관계는 질 적인 면에서 향상될 수 있다는 본문의 내용으로 보아 발전하 고 성장할 여지를 가지고 있다고 하는 것이 맞다.

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

46) ⑤ accept 의 목적어가 필요한 문장이고, 그 목적어 역할을 하 는 that 이 나와야 올바른 문장이 된다. 47) ③ 교육제도가 실용적인 과목을 가르치라는 압력을 받고 있기 때 문에 살아가는 방버에 대해 가르칠 시간이 거의 없다고 하는 것이 문맥상 적절하다.

48) ④ 주어진 문장은 결과적으로 최근에 미국 사회에서 등장한 예절 강사, 코치, 상담가가 성장 산업으로 떠올랐다고 했으니 앞 문장에는 그런 산업이 떠오르게 된 이유가 나오고, 뒤 문장에 는 그런 성장산업을 이용하는 미국인들에 대한 부연설명이 나 오는 것이 문맥상 적절하다. 49) ③ (A)는 결과에 영향을 미칠 일련의 선택을 한다는 내용으로 봤 을 때 게임이 경주와 좀 더 유사하다는 것을 알 수 있다. (B)는 앞에 일련의 선택을 한다는 내용이 있으므로 의도했다 는 intended를 사용하는 것이 맞다, (C)는 내 선택에 따라 결과를 느끼고 그것에 대한 책임감을 느낀다고 했으므로 수동적인 passive 보다는 능동적인 active를 사용하는 것이 맞다. 50) ⑤ 중국이 약탈한다는 능동적 의미가 아니라 약탈당한다는 수동 적인 의미가 되어야 하므로 being pillaged로 고쳐야 맞다. 51) ① 뒤에 하지만 미국이 유럽 및 중국의 성장에 의해 도전을 받 아왔다는 내용으로 보아 미국이 앞서고 있었다는 내용이 오는 것이 문맥상 적절하다. 52) ② 주어인 creation science와 목적어가 같은 경우에는 재귀대 명사를 써야 하므로 itself를 써야 한다. 53) ② 기업가는 예측가능성과 안전 및 편안함을 버리고 생활방식에 서 도전과 변화를 받아들여 책임을 져야 한다는 것이 글의 중심 내용이다. 54) ④ 관찰은 분명히 보여진 행동에 대한 확실한 증거를 제공할 수 있다는 주어진 문장 뒤에 관찰기법이 도움이 된다는 예시들이 있는 (C)가 먼저 나오고 그 뒤에 앞 내용에 대한 반론으로 관 찰은 단지 부분적인 대답을 준다는 (A)가 나온 후에 마지막으 로 그래서 그것에 대한 해결책으로 다른 이해 방법들과 결합 해야 한다는 대안책이 나오는 (B)가 나온다. 55) ② 예시를 나타내는 연결사 뒤에 구체적으로 상호작용을 통해 훈 련, 상담, 처치를 할 수 있는 가상인간에 대한 가상현실의 통 합을 나타내는 글이므로 현실적인이 아닌 가상이라는 virtual 로 고쳐야 한다.

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56) ③ 사람들은 무언가를 잃는 것을 더 싫어한다고 했으므로 부정직 과 부정행위가 생기는 이유는 우리가 가치 있게 여기는 무언 가를 잃는 두려움으로부터 나온다고 보는 것이 적절하다. 57) ② 주어진 문장은 어린 시절 역경에도 불구하고 역경을 극복하고 개인적인 잠재력에 도달하는 아이들이 있다는 내용이므로 앞 에는 그 반대되는 힘든 삶의 환경에서 자란 아이는 성인이 되어서도 사회적 부적응을 겪을 수 있다는 내용 뒤에 오는 것이 맞다. 58) ⑤ (A) : 뒤의 more straightforward를 꾸며주는 부사가 필요 한 자리이다. (B) : 뒤에 완전 문장이 왔으며 앞에 장소를 나타내는 선행사 situation이 있으므로 관계부사인 where이 적절하다, (C) : 수의 일치 문제이고, 관계대명사 절 안에 있어서 주어 는 선행사 명사가 되므로 children이 주어이다. 그러므로 복 수동사인 have를 쓰는 게 맞다. 59) ② 주어진 문장은 어린 시절 역경에도 불구하고 역경을 극복하고 개인적인 잠재력에 도달하는 아이들이 있다는 내용이므로 앞 에는 그 반대되는 힘든 삶의 환경에서 자란 아이는 성인이 되어서도 사회적 부적응을 겪을 수 있다는 내용 뒤에 오는 것이 맞다. 60) ③ 주어진 문장은 둘 다 부모가 말하기를 좋아하지 않고 친밀하 지 않다고 했고 ③번 뒤 문장에 그들의 부모의 실수로부터 의사소통을 우선순위로 삼기로 배웠다는 내용이 연결되는 것 이 적절하다. 61) ④ 식사를 할 때에도 항상 옆에 있어야 하는 필수 요소인 김치 는 한국 문화에서 빼놓을 수 없다는 것이 이 글의 중심 내용 이다. 62) ② not only A but also B에서 A와 B는 형태가 같아야 하며, 또한 주어는 pharmacies 복수명사이므로 sells 를 sell 로 고쳐야 맞다. 63) ⑤ (A), (B) 둘 다 앞 문장에 대한 구체적인 예를 들고 있으므로 For example이 적절하다. 64) ② 나머지 두 가지 목표를 무시하면서 한 가지에 집중할 수 없 다는 결과가 나왔으므로 의존적인 → 독립적인 으로 바꿔야 흐름상 적절하다. 65) ③ 빈칸 앞 문장이 즉각적인 주의를 요구하는 긴급 상황일 때에 만 말을 가로막아야 한다고 했고 뒤에 otherwise로 연결되므 로 긴급 상황이 아닐 경우에는 그 사람이 말을 끝마치기를 기다려야 한다 라는 내용이 빈칸에 들어가는 것이 가장 적절 하다.

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

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66) ② 주어진 문장에서 사용자들이 권리 의식, 인권 강화, 그리고 타인 존중을 위해 미디어 리터러시가 중요하다고 언급하고 있 고 그 뒤로 미디어 리터러시는 오프라인에서 배우는 기본 개 념과도 관련이 있다는 (B)가 먼저 나오고 그 뒤로 그 기본 개 념이 SNS 상에서는 어렵다는 (A)가 나온 후에 마지막으로 그 로 인해 어릴 때부터 아이들의 의식을 높이는 것이 필수적이 라는 (C)의 결론이 나오는 것이 흐름상 적절하다. 67) ④ 주어진 문장에서 산업화된 사회에서 이 두 가지 영향력이 공 백을 만들어냈다고 했는데 이 두 가지 영향력은 산업혁명과 교육이므로 ④이 가장 적절하다.

75) ④ 이스라엘 사회의 평등주의 본성은 자립과 봉사에 가치를 두지 만 통제를 거부한다는 내용으로 미루어 보아 ④이 글의 흐름 상 일치하지 않는다. 76) ② 알렉산더 시대의 화가와 조각가들이 만든 신과 영웅은 ‘영원 히’ 빛나는 젊고 턱수염이 없는 모습이 문맥적으로 적절하 므로 mortal을 immortal로 바꾸어야 한다. 77) ④

he cast ~ perfection까지 완전한 문장이고, 콤마 이하는 분 사구문의 형태로 써주어야 하므로 took을 taking으로 바 꾸어야 한다. 78) ②

68) ③ 도치 구문으로 주어는 뒤에 있는 the arrival이므로 단수동사 취급해서 was로 바꿔야 맞다. 69) ④ 원주민들은 밀짚과 코코넛으로 활주로를 만들고 그들이 만났 던 군인들과 유사하게 옷을 입었다고 나와 있으므로 ④번 내 용이 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는다. 70) ④ 주어진 문장은 사람들만이 쿠쿠르비타신의 영향을 받는 유일 한 존재가 아니라고 했고 뒤에 해충들이 그 화합물에 이끌리 고 집중한다고 했으므로 ④이 적절한 위치이다. 71) ② 긍정적인 성격 증거가 배심원들의 유죄 판단이나 유죄 판결의 가능성에 거의 영향을 미치지 않고 있으므로 more → little 로 바꿔야 글의 문맥상 적절하다. 72) ④ (A) : 뒤에 젊은이들의 자유를 높여서 생긴 이점들이 나오므 로 benefits가 적절하다. (B) : 작업 시간을 제한하고, 집안일을 그만두고, 계속되는 감 시를 피하게 했으므로 젊은이들의 자유를 높였다는 의미로 enhanced가 적절하다. (C) : 고용 관계는 훈련을 수반하지 않았으므로 당면한 작업 을 수행하기 위해 요구되는 것 이상으로 가르칠 의무를 갖지 않았다고 해야 하므로 obligations가 적절하다. 73) ③ 현대인들의 대다수는 자아가 위치한 장소로 두개골 안이라고 말한다는 주어진 문장 뒤에 반면에 과거의 종족들은 자아의 위치로 심장을 가리킨다는 (B)가 먼저 나온다. 그 뒤에 자아 의 위치가 바뀐 이유에 대해 설명하는 (C)가 나온 후 마지막 으로 자아의 위치는 다양하다는 (A)가 와야 글의 흐름상 적절 하다. 74) ⑤ (A) : 수의 일치 문제이고, 주어가 동명사 learning이므로 단 수동사로 is를 사용하는 것이 맞다. (B) : 형용사 / 부사 문제이고, 일반 동사인 boarded를 수식 하는 위치이므로 부사인 invariably를 사용하는 것이 맞다. (C) : 관계대명사 문제이고, 앞에 선행사 명사가 있으므로 which를 사용하는 것이 맞다.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

전치사 to 이므로, 동명사 using으로 바꾸어야 한다. 79) ④

get(시키다)은 목적어와 목적격보어의 관계가 능동일 때, to 부정사 형태를 써야하므로, do를 to do로 바꾸어야 한다. 80) ② 목숨 이라는 내 관심을 끄는 것으로 하사관이 나를 ‘설득했 다’가 문맥상 적절하므로, frightened를 persuaded로 바 꾸어야 한다. 81) ⑤ 주어진 문장은 직장에서 부하 직원에게 사용할 수 있는 효과 적인 설득방법의 예시이므로, 힘으로 조종하려는 전략이 언급된 ④번 문장의 다음인 ⑤에 들어가는 것이 적절하다. 82) ③ 주어진 글은 미국인들이 늪과 습지를 경작하거나 개발함으로 써 훼손하고 있다는 내용이다. (B)의 These mysterious ecosystems는 주어진 글의 swamps and marshes를 가 리키고, 늪과 습지의 또다른 제거 이유를 설명하기에 주어 진 글 뒤에 (B)가 이어지는 것이 적절하다. (C)는 습지의 감소로 인한 생물의 멸종 위기와 하천의 유량 저장 능력 의 감소에 대한 내용이므로 (B)뒤에 이어지는 것이 적절하 다. (A)는 멕시코만 지역이 습지의 감소로 태풍으로 인한 피해가 컸다는 내용이므로, (B)뒤에 이어지는 것이 적절하 다. 83) ⑤ 주어(I)와 목적어가 동일대상이므로 재귀대명사로 바꾸어야 적 절하다. 84) ⑤ 과거사실에 대한 추측이므로 조동사 뒤에 have p.p. 형태로 써야 적절하다. 85) ⑤ 동물 권리 옹호자들은 동물 이미지의 사용이 동물을 착취하 고, 동물을 ‘하찮아 보이게 하는’ 관점을 영속화 한다고 주 장한다는 것이 문맥상 적절하므로 values를 trivializes로 바꾸어야 한다. 86) ③ 하수는 많은 유기물로 구성되어 있기 때문에, 빨리 분해되기 시작하면 많은 양의 산소를 필요로 한다는 내용이 문맥상 적절하기 때문에 diminishing을 creating 또는 requiring으로 바꾸어야 한다. 87) ④ 주어진 글은 아리스토텔레스가 논리적으로만 생각해서 남녀 치아 개수의 차이를 결론지었다는 내용이다. (C)의 this는 주어진 글에서 ‘남자가 여자보다 더 많은 치아를 갖게 된

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다’를 지칭하고, 실제 관찰했다면 오류를 피했을텐데라는 내용이므로 주어진 글 뒤에 이어져야 한다. (A)는 공의 낙 하에 관한 아리스토텔레스의 생각이므로 (C)뒤에 이이져야 한다. (B)의 This conclusion은 (A)의 내용을 지칭하고, 갈릴레오가 실험에 의한 관찰로 아리스토텔레스의 결론이 틀음을 입증하는 내용이므로, (A)뒤에 이어져야 적절하다. 88) ⑤ 갈릴레오는 건물에서 공을 떨어뜨리는 실험을 통해서 아리스 토텔레스의 결론이 틀렸다는 것을 입증했다는 내용으로 보 아 빈칸에는 ⑤가 가장 적절하다. 89) ② This exaggerated ~ their doors까지 완전한 문장이고, 콤 마 뒤에는 분사구문의 형태로 써야 하므로 waits를 wating으로 바꾸어야 한다. 90) ⑤ If there ~ the information이 부사절이고, 뒤에 주절의 자 리에서 주어가 생략된 명령문이므로 making을 동사원형 make로 바꾸어야 한다. 91) ⑤ 주어진 글은 블로그의 게시물을 뒷받침하는 철저한 조사가 독 자들을 지속적으로 방문하게 한다는 내용이다. (C)는 시간 을 내서 온라인에서 정보를 조사하라는 내용이므로 주어진 글 뒤에 이어져야 한다. (B)는 온라인에서 조사할 때, 출처 를 고려하라는 내용이므로 (C)뒤에 이어지는 것이 적절하 다. (A)는 출처가 다른 블로그이거나 명확하지 않을 경우 에 대처방법이므로, (B)뒤에 이어지는 것이 적절한 순서이 다. 92) ⑤ 깡통, 마분지 상자 그리고 병에든 음료가 없는 세상에서 산다 는 것이 무엇처럼인지(어떤지)라는 문맥적 의미로 적절하 므로, 의문사 what을 목적어로 쓰는 전치사 like로 바꾸어 야 한다. 93) ⑤ 미국인들은 구출 장소에 대한 정보를 골프 코스의 어떤 홀을 상기시키는 방법으로 가르쳐주었기 때문에, (골프코스에 대한 지식이 없는) 베트남인들은 무선을 통해 모든 이야기 는 들었지만, 무엇에 대한 이야기인지 ‘이해할수 없었다’가 문맥적으로 적절하다.

(B)를 포함한 내용은 보편성이 포함되지 않는 내용이므로 By contrast가 적절하다. 98) ③ 주어진 문장은 보편적이지 않은 권리에 대한 설명이므로, 생 존권처럼 모든 사람이 갖는 보편적인 권리에 대한 설명인 문장 다음인 ③에 들어가는 것이 가장 적절하다. 99) ④ 밑줄 친 부분은 앞부분의 the difference를 지칭하므로, 대명 사를 단수형태인 that으로 바꾸어야 한다. 100) ⑤ 이런 사망률 ‘감소’의 대부분은 지난 4세대에서 발생했다가 문맥상 적절하므로, increase를 reduction으로 바꾸어야 한다. 101) ③ 주어진 글은 가상 공간에서 시간이 더 빨리 가는 것처럼 느 껴지고 시간에 대한 느낌은 주변에서 발생하는 것에서 속 도변화와 관련되어 있다는 내용이다. (B)는 상황이 많이 변할수록 시간이 더 빨리가는듯하는 내용이므로, 주어진 글 뒤에 이어져야 한다. (C)는 온라인 공동체 회원으로 가 입한 기간에 대한 느낌은 가상공간에서 시간의 흐름에 대 한 인식의 예시이므로 (B)뒤에 이어지는 것이 적절하다. (A)는 (C)에 언급된 예시의 부연 설명이므로, (C)뒤에 이어 지는 것이 적절하다. 102) ⑤ the experience of [intending ]~ then [realizing ~]에서 밑줄 친 부분이 전치사 of의 병렬관계이므로, realize를 realizing로 바꾸어야 한다. 103) ⑤ 행동이 관찰되지 않으면 말벌과 꿀벌은 상당히 ‘유사한’것처 럼 보인다가 문맥상 적절하므로, different를 similar로 바꾸어야 한다. 104) ② 뉴욕의 군중들은 물리적으로 가까운 거리에 수천명이 있지만 우주복을 입고 자신만의 우주에 존재한다는 내용으로 보 아, 빈칸에는 ②가 가장 적절하다. 105) ② 주어 the banking system 에 이어지는 동사의 자리이므로, 과거동사 started로 바꾸어야 한다.

94) ⑤ 주어진 문장은 예상치 않게 프랑스에 가게 되어 새 책에 대 한 아이디어를 발전시켰다는 내용이므로, 프랑스와 관련된 우연한 일이 언급된 내용 뒤인 ⑤에 들어가는 것이 가장 적절하다.

106) ④ 접속사 that은 뒤에가 완전한 문장으로 쓰여야하는데 뒤에 doing은 목적어가 빠진 상태로 나왔다. 따라서 선행사가 없 으며 뒤에 불완전한 명사절은 관계대명사 what을 쓰는 것이 적절하다.

95) ④ 어떤 일이 이루어지는 방법이 궁금해서 호기심을 따르면 모으 는 정보를 통해서 예상하지 못한 새로운 경험을 갖게된다 는 내용이므로 요지는 ④가 가장 적절하다.

107) ④ 제시문은 관광 산업의 양면성을 언급하며 경제적 이득을 주기 는 하지만 부정적인 측면도 가지고 있다는 내용이 언급하 고 그 예로써 (C)에서 베네치아를 들고 있다. (A)는 저개 발국가가 갖는 문제점을 언급하고 있으므로 베네치아의 긍 정적 상황 다음에 들어가는 것이 자연스럽고 (B)는 부정적 인 면에서 예를 들고 있다. 따라서 글의 흐름상 (C)-(A)-(B)가 적절하다.

96) ④ 언론의 자유가 인권이라면 누구다 ‘평등하게’ 이 권리를 가진 다는 것이 문맥상 적절하므로 unevenly를 evenly 또는 equally로 바꾸어야 한다. 97) ② (A)앞부분은 관계, 역할, 상황에 기초하는 않은 권리가 중요 하다는 내용이고, (A)를 포함한 부분은 권리에 대한 구체 적인 예시 내용이므로 For instance가 적절하다. (B)앞부 분은 생존권이 인권이라면 보편성이 보장된다는 내용이고, 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

108) ② 앞의 문장에 접속사=동사-1에서 접속사 that, unless가 나왔 고 동사는 3개 showed, was, were로 구성된 완전한 문장이 나왔다. 따라서 suggested는 분사로 쓰였는데 뒤에 that은 접속사로 목적어절로 사용되었기 때문에 suggesting의 능동

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

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으로 바꿔야 한다. 109) ② 제시문의 This tendency는 ② 앞의 부분의 어떤 슬픈 것에 관해 말하면서 바보 같은 웃음을 짓는 것을 지칭하고 있다. 아이들의 어린 시절에 부모로부터 생기는 이러한 경향을 이 야기하며 ②번에서 아이들이 이런 미소는 괜찮지 않다고 언 급하고 있다. 110) ② a significant proportion of children with asthma (천식 을 지닌 상당한 비율의 아이들)의 의미로 주어가 children 이기 때문에 does를 do로 바꾸는 것이 적절하다. ⑤은 어렸 을 때의 시제를 표현하기위해 완료 동명사를 사용하였기 때문 에 적절하다. 111) ② Solomon의 기억력의 일화를 소개하며 후에 그의 탁월한 기 억력 때문에 mnemonist라는 기억 전문가로서의 새로운 경력 을 시작했다는 의미로 보아 Solomon : 뛰어난 기억력이 흐 름상 가장 적절하다. 112) ⑤ 조종하기가 더 쉬운 선박이나 항공기가 길을 비켜 주어야 한 다고 우선순위를 매기고 있다. 하늘에서 운행되는 비행기 가 가장 낮은 우선권을 갖는다고 언급하고 있으므로 사고 로 조난당한 비행기는 그 반대로 highest로 쓰는 것이 글 의 흐름상 적절하다. 113) ② means 뒤에 목적어자리가 비어있는 불완전한 문장임을 알 수 있다. 선행사가 없으면서 불완전한 문장은 관계대명사 what을 사용한다. 114) ③ 합이 마이너스가 되는 네가티브섬 게임에 대한 언급이므로 게 임에 참가한 모두의 성과가 좋지 못하다는 것을 추론할 수 있으며, 뒤의 은행에 대한 예시에서 역시 고객의 총수는 같지 만 참여 은행의 비용이 증가했음을 알 수 있다. 115) ① 앞에서 team player가 위험할 수 있다고 이야기하고 있고, 뒤에서도 순응압박이 재앙으로 이어질 수 있다고 역접 이후에 설명하고 있으므로, 빈칸에는 반대라는 의미의 dissent가 오 는 것이 적절하다. 116) ⑤ 대학생들을 대상으로 한 실험 내용의 설명인 (C)가 제일 앞에 오고, 실험의 결과에 대한 설명인 (B)가 온 후에, 다양한 실험 의 예시에 해당하는 (A)가 오는 것이 적절하다. 117) ③ 동물들이 잠을 잘 때 보이는 행동에 대한 설명과 잠을 자고 있다는 것을 알 수 있는 증거를 열거하고 있다. 118) ③ 복도에 나왔을 때 세탁부를 찾는 노부인을 만나서 왕의 방을 가리켰으므로 앞에는 왕의 방에서 있었던 일이, 뒤에는 노부 인이 왕의 방에 들어간 후의 일이 나와야 한다. 119) ① Carl von Weber를 주어로 하는 동사의 자리이므로 과거형 의 settled가 와야 한다. 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

120) ⑤ 역접 이후에 동인도 회사가 가져온 변화에 대해 언급하고 있 으므로, 뒤에 변화에 대한 부연설명이 오는 것이 자연스럽다. 121) ④ 아이들이 글을 읽을 때 한 번에 알아볼 수 있는 부분이 부족 하다는 내용이므로 다섯 글자 미만의 단어 이해가 더 쉽다고 하는 것이 적절하다. 122) ① 앞 문장에서 아기 같은 생김새가 사람의 마음을 끌고 보살피 려는 반응을 불러일으킨다고 하고 있으므로, 아기 같은 모습 의 인형이 인기가 있다는 것을 추정할 수 있다. 123) ③ 역접 이후에 인과관계 추정의 위험성에 대해 언급하고 있으며 수박이 반드시 회복을 의미하지는 않는다고 이야기하고 있으 므로, 앞 부분에 수박과 관련된 예시가 언급되었음을 알 수 있고 뒤에는 인과관계 특정에 있어서의 오류에 대한 부연설명 으로서 성공한 경우만 말할 수 있다는 내용의 only survivors speak가 들어가는 것이 적절하다. 124) ⑤ Watching → Watch [해설] 뒤에 있는 동사 go는 watching의 동사가 아니라 목적 보어(동사원형)로 온 것이며, 이 글은 문맥상 회의가 시작할 때, 동료의 협조수준이 올라가는 것을 지켜보라는 명령문이 되어야 하므로 ⑤는 어법상 적절하지 않다. 125) ⑤ 의학적인 실수는 기술이나 실행상의 결함이 아니라 생각의 결 함이라는 주어진 글에 이어, 일반적으로 체크리스트와 구조화 된 의사결정 모델로 대부분의 의료 조치가 실행됨에도 불구하 고, 그렇지 않은 예로 항생제를 언급하는 (C)가 이어지고, (B) 에서 항생제가 효과적일 수 있지만, 박테리아성 감염병을 치 료하는 것에는 효과가 있지만, 바이러스성 감염병에는 소용이 없는 것을 말해주면서, 부비강염의 원인이 바이러스성인지 박 테리아성인지 결정해 주는 검사가 있음에도 불구하고, (A)에 서 그런 검사가 비용이 많이 들기 때문에 의사들이 그 검사 를 하지 않고, 단순히 항생제를 처방한다는 내용으로 이어지 는 것이 글의 순서로 가장 적절하다. 126) ④ (A) 일을 빨리 하는 것에 높은 가치를 두기 때문에, 정보를 처리하는데 많은 시간이 걸리는 신경계를 가지고 살아가는 것 은 어렵다(difficult)가 적절하다. (B) 앞 문장에서 느린 업무처리가 지능이 모자라는 것으로 생 각되지만 사실이 아니다라고 언급하였고, 그 후에 however를 통해 반대 사실을 진술해야 하므로, 처리 속도는 인지 기능의 다른 영역과 능력에 부정적인(negatively) 영향을 끼친다고 보아야 한다. (C) 느린 처리 속도를 가진 사람이 결과적으로 지능 검사에서 더 낮은 점수를 기록할 수도 있지만, 이것이 반드시 사실이 아니라고 앞 문장에서 언급하였으므로, 한 영역이 인지적으로 발휘되지 않는 것이 전반적으로 지능이 낮다(less)는 것이 같 은 것이 아니다. 127) ② 가뭄으로 인해 아마존 강 유역에 많은 문제가 생겼다는 주어 진 글에 이어서, (B)에서 그 예로 서부 브라질의 화재와 어떤 지역의 수면이 낮아지는 예시가 등장하고, (A)에서 수면이 낮 아져서 수송이 불가능해지고, 어류가 죽는 일이 발생한다는

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

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내용을 진술하고, 마지막으로 (C)에서 강물의 흐름과 고여 있 는 물 등에 대한 예시와 함께 이 모든 것이 지구 온난화의 결과인 것을 이야기하고 마무리하는 것이 글의 흐름으로 가장 자연스럽다. 128) ④ 비행기 안에서 옆자리에 앉은 Tom이 룸메이트와 통화하는 것을 들었다는 내용인 (A)에 이어 룸메이트에게 자기를 차에 태워주러 공항으로 오라고 했지만 거절당한 Tom과 대화를 하는 (D)가 오고, 필자가 중간 지점까지 Tom을 데려다주겠다 고 제안하는 내용인 (B)가 그 뒤에 오고, 문제가 해결된 후 이야기를 더 나누어보고 서로와 관련된 놀라운 사실을 발견하 는 내용인 (C)가 마지막에 오는 것이 자연스럽다. 따라서 답 은 ④ (D)-(B)-(C)이다. 129) ① (b)~(d)는 모두 Tom을 가리키고, (a)는 Tom의 룸메이트를 가리킨다. 130) ③ 대학에서 중간지점까지 데려다 주기로 약속한 것은 Tom의 룸메이트가 아니라 필자이므로 ③은 적절하지 않다. 131) ② 비행기 안에서 옆자리에 앉은Tom이 룸메이트와 통화하는 것 을 들었다는 내용인 (A)에 이어 룸메이트에게 자기를 차에 태 워주러 공항으로 오라고 했지만 거절당한 Tom과 대화를 하 는 (C)가 오고, 필자가 중간 지점까지 Tom을 데려다주겠다고 제안하는 내용인 (B)가 그 뒤에 오고, 문제가 해결된 후 이야 기를 더 나누어보고 서로와 관련된 놀라운 사실을 발견하는 내용인 (D)가 마지막에 오는 것이 자연스럽다. 따라서 답은 ② (C)-(B)-(D)이다. 132) ② 글의 화자가 Tom을 태워주겠다고 제안하는 내용이므로 was offered를 offered로 바꿔야 한다.

138) ④ 고고학이 역사적으로 자신들에게 속했던 땅과 자원에 다시 접 근하게 해주는 것을 가능하게 해주었다는 주어진 글에 이어, (C)에서 글로 잘 기록되어 있지 않던 집단의 역사를 이해하는 데 고고학이 중요한 역할을 하며, (A)에서 그러한 고고학적 지식이 문화적 정체성의 토대가 되며, 때로 핸대 세계와 관련 이 있는 기술적인 적용도 도출해 낸다는 내용이 이어지고, 그 것에 대한 예시를 (B)에서 언급해 주는 것이 글의 순서로 가 장 적절하다. 139) ⑤ I wish 가정법 과거완료 구문으로, 과거에 그들이 다른 일을 했더라면 좋았을 것이라고 표현하기 위해서는 과거완료시제를 사용해야 하므로 ⑤는 어법상 적절하지 않다. 140) ② 19세기 중엽 Semmelweis가 일하던 병원에서 임산부들이 출 산 직후 사망하였다는 사실을 언급한 (A)에 이어, 이와 관련 하여 의사들이 환자를 치료하는 병동의 산욕열로 인한 사망률 이 산파가 산모를 돌보는 병동보다 높은 것을 언급한 (C)가 이어지고, (C)의 후반부에서 Semmelweis의 동료의사가 부검 하는 동안 사용된 칼에 의해 손을 베어 산욕열과 비슷한 증 상으로 사망하였다는 내용에 이어 Semmelweis가 동료의 죽 음으로 임산부를 감염시킨 물질을 추론한 사실을 언급한 (B) 가 이어져야 한다. 마지막으로, 의사들이 산과 병동에 회진을 가기 전에 강력한 세정제로 손과 팔을 씻게 한 후 산모들의 사망률이 떨어졌다고 언급한 (D)로 글이 마무리되어야 하므로 주어진 글 (A)에 ② (C)－(B)－(D)가 되는 것이 글의 순서로 가장 자연스럽다. 141) ③ occur는 자동사이므로 수동태로 쓸 수 없다. 따라서 ③은 어 법상 적절하지 않다. 142) ③ 산파가 돌보던 병동보다 의사가 치료하던 병동에서 산욕열 사 망이 다섯배나 더 높았으므로 ③은 적절하지 않다.

133) ④ 필자의 딸은 대학을 졸업하였으므로 ④는 적절하지 않다. 134) ⑤ 비행기 안에서 옆자리에 앉은 Tom이 룸메이트와 통화하는 것을 들었다는 내용인 (A)에 이어 룸메이트에게 자기를 차에 태워주러 공항으로 오라고 했지만 거절당한 Tom과 대화를 하는 (D)가 오고, 필자가 중간 지점까지 Tom을 데려다주겠다 고 제안하는 내용인 (C)가 그 뒤에 오고, 문제가 해결된 후 이야기를 더 나누어보고 서로와 관련된 놀라운 사실을 발견하 는 내용인 (B)가 마지막에 오는 것이 자연스럽다. 따라서 답 은 ⑤ (D)-(C)-(B)이다. 135) ③ Tom을 태워주기 위해 오는 것은 쉬운 일로 볼 수 없으므로 daunting(벅찬, 어려운)이 적절하다. 136) ③ 필자가 아는 사람이 아니라 필자의 딸이 아는 사람을 Tom이 아는 것이므로 ③은 적절하지 않다. 137) ④ 대 사회의 총명한 사람은 원시 시대에 완벽한 시력을 가진 사람과 같다는 주어진 글에 이어, 원시 시대에 완벽한 시력을 가진 사람의 장점과 근시안을 가진 사람이 처할 수 있는 위 험을 언급하는 (C)가 이어지고, 그 비유를 현대 사회에 적용 해서 총명함을 가진 사람과 그렇지 않은 사람으로 설명하고, 총명함을 가진 사람이 근시안을 가진 사람의 최선의 이익을 위할 때 교육의 과정이 작용하지만, (A)에서 만약 총명함을 가진 사람이 근시안을 가진 사람의 이익을 위하지 않는다면, 근시안인 사람을 잘못된 길로 인도할 수 있다는 내용으로 이 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

어지게 된다.

143) ⑤ 19세기 중엽 Semmelweis가 일하던 병원에서 임산부들이 출 산 직후 사망하였다는 사실을 언급한 (A)에 이어, 이와 관련 하여 의사들이 환자를 치료하는 병동의 산욕열로 인한 사망률 이 산파가 산모를 돌보는 병동보다 높은 것을 언급한 (D)가 이어지고, (D)의 후반부에서 Semmelweis의 동료의사가 부검 하는 동안 사용된 칼에 의해 손을 베어 산욕열과 비슷한 증 상으로 사망하였다는 내용에 이어 Semmelweis가 동료의 죽 음으로 임산부를 감염시킨 물질을 추론한 사실을 언급한 (C) 가 이어져야 한다. 마지막으로, 의사들이 산과 병동에 회진을 가기 전에 강력한 세정제로 손과 팔을 씻게 한 후 산모들의 사망률이 떨어졌다고 언급한 (B)로 글이 마무리되어야 하므로 주어진 글 (A)에 (D)－(C)－(B)가 되는 것이 글의 순서로 가장 자연스럽다. 144) ⑤ 문맥상 산파들이 돌보던 병동에 비해서 의사들이 치료하던 병 동의 사망률이 높아야 하므로 lower를 higher로 고쳐야 한 다. 145) ① 출산중이 아니라 출산 직후에 사망하였다고 하였으므로 ①은 적절하지 않다. 146) ③ 19세기 중엽 Semmelweis가 일하던 병원에서 임산부들이 출 산 직후 사망하였다는 사실을 언급한 (A)에 이어, 이와 관련

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

하여 의사들이 환자를 치료하는 병동의 산욕열로 인한 사망률 이 산파가 산모를 돌보는 병동보다 높은 것을 언급한 (C)가 이어지고, (C)의 후반부에서 Semmelweis의 동료의사가 부검 하는 동안 사용된 칼에 의해 손을 베어 산욕열과 비슷한 증 상으로 사망하였다는 내용에 이어 Semmelweis가 동료의 죽 음으로 임산부를 감염시킨 물질을 추론한 사실을 언급한 (D) 가 이어져야 한다. 마지막으로, 의사들이 산과 병동에 회진을 가기 전에 강력한 세정제로 손과 팔을 씻게 한 후 산모들의 사망률이 떨어졌다고 언급한 (B)로 글이 마무리되어야 하므로 주어진 글 (A)에 ② (C)－(D)－(B)가 되는 것이 글의 순서로 가장 자연스럽다. 147) ⑤ 19세기 중엽전에는 전염병에 대한 본질을 알지 못했으나, 1800년대 중반에 중요한 단서가 나왔다고 하였으므로 (A)에 는 however(그러나)가, (B)에는 앞 문장에서 의사들이 사체의 물질의 모든 흔적을 제거하면 산욕열의 발병이 줄어들 것이라 고 추측하였고, 뒷 문장에서 실제로 그것을 위해서 흔적을 지 우는 방법을 재진술하였으므로 In fact(사실)가 가장 적절하 다. 148) ⑤ 부검하는 동안에 사용된 칼에 손이 베어 죽은 것이므로 ⑤는 적절하지 않다. 149) ② 다양한 훈련기간 동안 다양한 스타일의 프로그램을 포함시킨 다고 말하고 있으며, 오랜 기간 동일한 훈련방법을 사용하는 경우 많은 적응을 경험하지 못한다고 하고 있으므로, 운동의 다양성이 중요한 변수임을 알 수 있다. 150) ⑤ 주어진 글의 패션이나 어법의 예시에 이어 입법자에 대한 예 시가 이어지는 (C)가 가장 먼저 나온 이후에 (B)에서 대조로 서 도덕적 기준이 그와 같은 특정 실체에 의해 만들어지는 것이 아니라 지지하는 주장의 속성에 따라 유효성이 결정된다 고 이야기한 후에 (A)에서 부연으로서 이와 같은 주장들이 윤 리학의 중심 질문에 대해 답을 하고자는 시도로부터 온다는 내용이 오는 것이 적절하다. 151) ② 뒷 문장이 완전한 형태이고 come in contact로 끝나고 있으 므로 원래의 형태가 come in contact with였음을 알 수 있 다. 따라서 전치사를 앞으로 보낸 with which형태가 와야 한 다. 152) ⑤ 도서관과 책에 있는 지식이 범주화되어 있어서 검색가능하다 는 내용이 나와 있으므로 최소한 앞에 도서관에 대한 언급이 있어야 하며, 4번 다음 문장에서 이와 같은 비교가 불공정하 게 여겨질 수 있다는 일반적 진술이 나와 있고, 5번 다음 문 장에서 전통적 지식에 대해서 대조설명을 하고 있으므로 5번 이 적합한 자리임을 알 수 있다. 153) ② 앞 문장의 주어가 cues 동사가 disappear이고 뒷 문장에 alter라는 동사가 있으므로 접속사가 필요한 경우에 해당하므 로 and they 또는 접속사의 기능과 대명사의 역할을 동시에 하는 관계대명사 which가 오는 것이 적절하다. 154) ④ 바로 앞 부분에서 미국의 자유주의 자체가 결함이 있다고 이 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

야기하고 있는 것으로 보아 내적인 모순을 가졌다고 해야 적 절하므로 internal이 적절하다. 155) ⑤ 식량의 좁은 범위가 영양결핍을 초래한다고 이야기하고 있으 므로 질병에 보다 더 취약하게 만들었다고 이야기하는 것이 적절하므로 vulnerable이 적절하다. 156) ① 뒤의 부연 문장에서 도둑질 하는 벌이라고 칭하고 있고, 숙주 를 이용하는 사례를 설명하고 있으므로 다른 벌의 노동을 이 용한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 157) ② 주어진 문장에서 알이 부화한 후 숙주의 새끼를 죽이고 그 희생자를 위해 준비된 꽃가루를 먹는다고 하고 있으므로 앞 부분에는 알을 낳는다는 내용이 나와 있어야 한다. 158) ④ 인구 조사 양식을 다시 보내면서 회답을 받지 못했으니 양식 을 모두 기재해서 회송해달라고 요청하며 인구조사국 직원들 의 통계 조사로만 사용 될 것이라고 확언한 것으로 보아 ④ 설문 조사지 답변 제출을 요청하려고가 적절하다. 159) ③ 제시문의 those theories는 ③앞의 문장에 Theories of all sorts를 지칭하기 때문에 문장의 흐름상 ③이 제시문이 들어 가기에 적절하다. 160) ① 글은 할리우드 스튜디오 시스템은 영화 제작의 위험성에 대한 예측 가능한 대책을 마련해 왔다는 글인데 본질적으로 전도유 망한 산업이라는 말은 글의 내용에 반하기 때문에 promising 을 risky로 바꾸는 것이 적절하다. 161) ④ 경영자들이 미술을 통해(intervention개입을) 미술 수집품들 이 직원 교화, 새로운 각도의 사고 창출, 특이한 생각과 계획의 활성화에 쓰일 수 있다는 내용이다. (B)에는 창 의적 불안이 특이한 생각과 계획이 조직체에 환영받는 (welcome)이 흐름상 적절하다.

162) ② 이슬람 병원들은 종교 학자들이 아니라 의사들이나 국가공무 원에 의해 운영되었기 때문에 라는 내용이 나오므로 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은 ②번이다. 163) ② until I told them this에서 this가 지칭하는 것은 앞의 요리 법과 의사소통을 비교한 것이다. 그리고 두 번째에 또는 세 번째에 수정하는 사람들이 없다고 언급하고 ②뒤에 그래서 모 든 사람들이 다시 쓰고 수정하는 것이 필요하다고 있다. 164) ③ which는 목적격 관계대명사인데 뒤에는 완전한 문장으로 구 성되어있다. 시간을 선행사로 왔기 때문에 when 혹은 in which로 바꿔야 한다. 165) ④

have a hard time (in) ~ing는 ~하는데 어려운 시간을 겪다 라는 의미로 adjusted가 아닌 동명사인 adjusting을 쓰 는 것이 적절하다. 166) ④

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

도서출판 공터 (www.alor.co.kr)

특정한 나이에 이르면 몸이 나빠진다고 믿으면 몸이 정말 그 렇게 되고 권위 있는 의사나 주술사가 말한 것을 믿으면 정 말 그렇게 된다는 의미의 글이다. 따라서 몸이 망가진다고 믿 으면 몸이 망가지도록 유발한(cause)로 변경하는 것이 글의 흐름상 적절하다. 167) ③ It takes 목적어 시간 to Ⓡ은 목적어가 Ⓡ 하는 데 시간이 걸리다라는 의미로 building을 to build로 바꾸는 것이 문법 상 옳다. 168) ① Louise의 어머니가 자식들의 싸울 때 세 명의 머리를 한꺼번 에 충돌 시킨다고 협박한 내용을 토대로 이런 부분들이 본인 에게 양육기술을 배우지 않았으면 그대로 자녀를 양육했을 것 이라고 언급한 점을 보아 효과적이지 않은 협박 기법 (threatening tactic)이 글의 흐름상 맞다.

고쳐야 한다. 178) ② 십 대들이 개별화하는 과정을 거칠 때, 부모와 사회가 십 대 들에게 행동의 경계를 정해주자라는 내용으로 빈칸에는 부모 에게 여러 가지 경계를 설정해주는 책임이 있다와 더불어 자 녀의 인생에 있어 성공을 위해 필요한 것을 가르치라는 글이 뒤에 나오므로 빈ㅋ나에는 경제를 설정해주는 것이라는 의미 가 들어가야 한다. 179) ④ 주어진 문장 앞 문장에서 달리기 선수로서의 각각의 여러 가 지 상황을 나타내고 주어진 문장에서 공통된 부분인 환경에 대한 언급이 나오므로 연결사 in fact로 시작한 문장이 들어 가야 할 곳은 ④번이다.

169) ④ occur는 자동사로 목적어가 없기 때문에 수동태를 사용할 수 없는 동사이다. happen, take place도 같은 의미의 자동사 로 수동태를 사용할 수 없다.

180) ④ 처음 만난 관계에서보다 서로를 신뢰하게 되면서 보다 더 개 인적인 정보를 공유한다는 취지의 글이므로 서로를 한동안 알 게된 후에야 개인적인 것들을 나누는데 편안하게 느끼기 시작 한다고 말하는 것이 자연스럽다.

170) ④ although는 접속사로 뒤에 주어+동사가 오는데 이 문장에서 는 뒤에 명사구가 왔다. 따라서 전치사 despite or in spite of를 쓰는 것이 적절하다.

181) ② 인간의 요구에 주안점을 두는 도시 계획의 방향성과 중요성 을 나타내는 글이므로 정답은 인간의 요구에 맞추어 도시 공간의 사회적 기능을 강화해야한다가 되어야 한다.

171) ② 주어진 문장에서 this perspective으로부터 오락의 목적으로 고래를 이용하는 것은 도덕적으로 받아들일 수 없다고 이야기 했으므로 ②앞의 우리의 계획, 목적, 사업에서 쓰인다는 부분 뒤에 위치하는 것이 적절하다. ②에서 They는 제시문의 whales를 지칭한다.

182) ④ remain은 자동사로 수동태를 쓸 수 없으므로 능동의 과거와 료 형태인 had remained로 고쳐써야 한다.

172) ③ nor는 앞의 문장이 부정문 일 때 사용되며 동사+주어의 도치 로 어순이 배열된다. learned를 대신하는 대동사로 were 가 아닌 did가 오는 것이 적절하다. 173) ④ 제시문은 그래서 싸우기 위해 필요한 연료를 자신에게 공급해 줄 감정을 끄집어낸다고 언급했으므로 앞부분에 싸우기로 했 다는 ③번의 내용 뒤에 위치하는 것이 흐름상 적절하다. 174) ⑤ make는 5형식에서 목적보어자리에 형용사를 취하고 해석은 부사처럼 해석하나 목적어 them(=such rights)와의 관계는 보어의 관계가 적절하다. 따라서 valuable로 고쳐야 옳다. 175) ⑤ Pamela Dalton의 연구는 우리의 편견이 우리가 냄새를 감지 하는 것을 왜곡하는 데 효과적이라는 것을 시사한 글로 좋게 생각되는 냄새는 빠르게 사라지고, 반면 유해하게 생 각되는 냄새는 계속 우리의 주의를 끌고 강하게 남아있다 라는 의미가 되어야 하므로 slowly는 fast로 고쳐야 한다. 176) ② 회사 연혁에 대한 설명이 나와 있는 (B)가 가장 먼저 나오고 나서 교수에 대해 서문을 부탁하는 내용인 (A)가 나온 후에 (C)에서 서문작성에 대해 회사가 제공하고자 하는 바를 밝히 는 것이 적절하다. 177) ④ 방송되고 있는 코미디 프로그램에서 녹음된 웃음소리로 인해 텔레비전을 껐다라는 의미가 나와야 하므로 live는 canned로 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

183) ④ 사전예약의 경우에만 무료라고 명시되어 있다. 184) ② 1위 150, 2위 50, 3위 20달러의 상금이므로 총 상금은 220 달러이다. 185) ④ 동물들의 이성적 속성에 대한 이해가 나와 있는 (C)가 가장 앞에 온 이후에, (A)에서 역접 이후 융통성 없고 본능적인 속 성임을 설명하고 (B)에서 부연으로서 본능에 대한 추가적 설 명이 나오는 것이 자연스럽다. 186) ⑤ 같은 언어와 동일한 종교에 대한 이야기가 부연문장에 등장하 고 있고, 친밀감과 동의에 대한 부연이 이어지는 것으로 보아 동일성이 한 국가의 성공에 필요하다는 내용을 알 수 있다. 187) ④ 주절이 과거형의 동사 knew이므로 시제를 일치시키기 위해 will의 과거형인 would를 써야 한다. 188) ④인간이 가진 한 가지 오래된 문화 요소에 관한 글로 치료 받은 흔적이 있는 유해를 발견했다는 그이 있으므로 여 정이 떠나기 전에 이미 여러 개의 부러진 갈비뼈에서 회복되 었다는 글이 되어야 하므로, wounded 아니라 recovered가 되어야 한다. 189) ③

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

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(A) 앞의 부분에서 뇌의 어느 한쪽이 정보를 독점적으로 다루는 것을 믿는 과학자는 없다고 말하고 뒤에 실질적 인 사례로 예증한다라는 내용이 나오므로 사실상이라는 연결사가 들어가야 하며, (B)에는 존에 주로 좌뇌에 의 해 수행되었던 기능을 우뇌가 맡았다는 서술과 함께 사 춘기 이후에 이런 류의 수술 결과가 항상 일어나지는 않는 것이 분명하다라는 의미가 나오므로 명백히, 분명 히의 의미를 지닌 연결사가 나와야 한다.

190) ④ 스웨덴 사람들의 농장에 대한 유대감에 대한 글로 농장으로 돌아가고자 하는 성향에 대해 설명하고 있으므로, 시골로부터 의 탈출이 아니라 시골로의 탈출이라는 의미에서 to가 오는 것이 적절하다. 191) ③ 경제체제나 시기에 따라 다르다는 것의 예시에 해당하는 (B) 가 먼저 오고 나서 경제의 부문에 따라 다르다는 내용과 농 업부문의 예시가 오고, (C)에서 농업부문의 예시에 대한 부연 이 온 후 정보기술시장에 대한 대조를 언급하고 나서, (A)에 서 일반적 진술로 자유시장 경제 하에서도 정부의 역할이 필 요하므로 혼합체제를 이룬다고 설명하는 것이 자연스럽다. 192) ④ 미술 치료의 진행 방법에 대해 설명하고 있는 (C)가 먼저 나 오고, 이를 통한 정보가 환자들에 대해 정보를 전해줄 수 있 다는 내용의 (A)가 온 이후에, 추가된 내용으로 각 그림이 환 자의 과거와 현재와 미래를 나타내며 아이들에게 있어서 효과 적일 수 있다는 내용의 (B)가 오는 것이 적절하다. 193) ① 공간의 절대적 개념 뒤에 인지적 개념에 대해 설명하고 있으 므로 (A)에는 역접이 오는 것이 적절하고, 사회적 상호작용에 대한 예시로서 주방이 나오는 (B)에는 예시의 연결어가 와야 한다. 194) ③ 세계 경제의 상호의존성에 대한 글로서 상호의존적 경제체제 때문에 도미노 효과라고 불리우는 연쇄반응을 촉발한다고 하 는 것이 적절하므로 trigger를 써야 한다.

사 rushed를 쓰는 것이 적절하다. 199) ② Brute가 뱀을 잡으러 가는 장면의 묘사인 (B)가 제일 앞에 오 고, (A)에서 뱀을 물고 있는 장면이 나온 이후에 손주들을 대 피시키고 다시 Brute에게 와보는 장면인 (C)가 가장 마지막 에 오는 것이 적절하다. 200) ③ added to → deducted from 시설 이용에 대한 요금은 월급에 추가 되는 것이 아니라 월 급에서 공제되어야 하므로 added to를 deducted from과 같 이 바꿔야 한다. 201) ④ Abby는 덤불 쪽의 소리가 난 주어진 문장에 이어 (C)에서 갑 자기 조용해진 상황을 느끼고, 어떤 소리라도 알아채 보려고 노력했으나, 외진도로에서는 공격을 받기가 쉽다는 느낌이 든 (A)에 이어서, 어둠 속에서 자신을 바라보는 눈이 있다는 것 을 알아채고, 어딘가로 들어가야겠다고 혼잣말을 하는 (B)로 이어지는 것이 글의 순서로 가장 적절하다. 202) ④ 본문의 shrug는 명사로 쓰였으므로 수식하는 단어는 부사가 아니라 형용사인 slight가 되어야 한다. 203) ③ 고객은 여러분의 사업이며, 여러분의 미래라고 말하는 주어진 글에 이어, (B)에서 그 고객과 소통하는 것이 관계를 맺는 유 일한 방법이라고 말하고, 단순히 데이터베이스를 관리하는 것 만으로는 부족하다고 말하는 (C)에 이어, 고객에 대해 좀 더 세밀한 정보를 가지고 있다면 소비 패턴을 분석하고 동향을 분석할 수 있다는 (A)로 이어지는 것이 글의 순서로 가장 적 절하다. 204) ② 인생은 거대한 모험과 같다는 주어진 글에 이어서, 모험에 대 한 정의를 해주고, 티셔츠에 적혀 있는 속담을 소개하는 (B) 에 이어서, 실제로 속담처럼 항상 흐름을 따르기만 하면 죽은 물고기와 같다는 생각을 한 뒤, 그것이 맞는지 아닌지 캠핑장 근처의 개울에서 확인하면서 깨닫게 되는 (C)로 이어지는 것 이 글의 순서로 가장 적절하다. 205) ② 앞에 있는 전치사의 목적어로 taking이 와야 하고, employees는 의미상의 주어이기 때문에 ② take를 taking으 로 바꿔야 한다.

195) ③ 유기동물과 관련하여 동물보호소가 책임 있는 동물 소유에 대 한 교육을 제공하고 중성화를 장려하고 있다는 내용과 형태의 다양함에 대해 설명하고 있다.

206) ② 어린 나이에 소녀와 소년들은 존경할만하게 유능한 여성과 남 성이 되기 위해라고 해석이 되면 어색하므로 respectably는 respectively (각각)으로 고쳐야 한다.

196) ④ 뒷문장의 주어가 things 동사가 have happened로 완전한 문장의 형태이기에 내용상 how가 오는 것이 적절하다.

207) ② 얼마나 진척을 보였는가 물어보는 내용이며, 명사 progress 를 꾸며주기 위해서는 의문형용사 what이 들어가야 한다.

197) ③ 분노에 대한 잘못된 믿음에 동의하는 것은 문맥상 비현실적인 기대와 외적 요소에 책임을 돌리는 것에 해당하므로, 개인적 책임을 거부하는 것임을 알 수 있으므로 refusing이 적당하 다. 198) ④ 앞부분의 동사 yelled와 병렬을 이루고 있으므로 과거형의 동 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

208) ④ formed의 주어는 앞 문장의 Jesse Owens이므로 병렬구조로 문장을 이어주기 위해서는 관계대명사 who가 들어가는 것이 가장 적절하다. 209) ④ which의 선행사는 앞문장으로써 to read the sports pages 이므로, 동사는 단수인 is가 되어야 한다. 210) ③

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E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영독 ( B컷 문제^^ )

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회사마다 제품을 개발하고 출시하는 데 시간이 걸린다는 주어 진 글에 이어, (B)에서 영양제 산업의 예시가 나오고, 해당 영 양제가 신제품처럼 우연히 출시되는 (C)가 나오는 것을 수요 창출이라는 마케팅 기술이라고 설명하는 (A)로 이어지는 것이 글의 순서로 가장 적절하다. 211) ③ 뒷문장이 완전한 문장이며, 선행사가 장소이므로 관계부사 where이 와야 한다. 212) ⑤ 정신능력훈련(MST)이 고도로 숙련된 선수들에게만 필요한 것 이 아니라 모든 수준의 선수들에게 다 필요하며, 어리고 성장 중인 선수에게 더 효율적이라는 내용이므로 ⑤ 선수들에게 있 어 정신능력훈련의 필요성(The Necessity of Mental Skills Training for Athletes)이 제목으로 가장 적절하다. 213) ② [요약문해석] 취향은 확실히 소비자의 선호도에 영향을 미치 고, 이처럼 또한 우리의 문화생활에도 강한 영향을 미친다. 본 문은 취향이라는 단어에 대해 설명하면서, 모든 소비자의 수 요 유형에 영향을 주며, 문화의 영역에 있어서도 강한 영향을 미치고 있다고 하였으므로, (A)에는 inclination(경향, 선호도) 가, (B)에는 cultural life(문화생활)이 들어가는 것이 가장 적 절하다. 214) ⑤ 십대들이 옷에 집착하는 것 같다라는 진술에 대해 그것을 구 체적으로 재진술해주는 (A)에는 In fact(사실상)가, 마지막으 로 십대들이 옷에 집착하는 것이 어떤 의미인지를 설명해주는 (B)에는 Thus(따라서)가 가장 적절하다. 215) ⑤ 마지막 문장에서 사슴의 정체가 알려졌다는 내용이 나오므로, 사슴의 정체가 마지막 도시 농장 중 한 곳에서 탈출한 동물 이라는 것을 이야기한 주어진 문장은 ⑤에 들어가는 것이 가 장 적절하다. 216) ② 문맥상 교육이 경제적, 그리고 사회적 해방의 수단이므로 바 람직한 것으로 여겨진다는 것이 되어야 하므로, repulsive(역 겨운)을 desirable(바람직한)으로 바꿔야 한다.

220) ② (b)는 Peter이고, (a), (c), (d), (e)는 모두 Gorby이다. 221) ③ Peter는 Gorby의 부서가 해낸 일들에 대한 계산을 한 것이 지 기부한 것이 아니므로 ③이 적절치 않다. 222) ⑤ (A)에서는 Gorby가 Peter와 편지를 통해 진로상담을 한 내용 이 나온다. (D)에서는 몇 년 뒤 Peter가 Gorby로부터 이메일 을 받고서, Gorby가 세계 은행의 가족계획 투자 권고 부서에 서 일하는데 원치 않은 출산예방과 관련하여 매우 적은 비용 이 드는 프로젝트로 투자를 이동시켰다는 것을 알게 되는 내 용이 이어지고, (C)에서는 (D)에서 언급된 예산 이동에 대한 Peter의 분석이 나온다. (B)에서는 (C)에서의 Peter의 계산이 언급된 뒤, 편지의 나머지에 나온 내용으로 나눔에 관심이 있 는 사람들의 입장에서 본 국제기관 근무의 특성이 언급되고 있으므로 글의 순서로 ③ (D)－(C)－(B)가 가장 적절하다. 223) ④ more → less 224) ③ 사적 부문의 고수익 일자리를 얻기 위한 경쟁보다 특별한 재 능이 필요한 것이 아니라고 하였으므로 ③은 적절하지 않다. 225) ④ (A)에서는 Gorby가 Peter와 편지를 통해 진로상담을 한 내용 이 나온다. (D)에서는 몇 년 뒤 Peter가 Gorby로부터 이메일 을 받고서, Gorby가 세계 은행의 가족계획 투자 권고 부서에 서 일하는데 원치 않은 출산예방과 관련하여 매우 적은 비용 이 드는 프로젝트로 투자를 이동시켰다는 것을 알게 되는 내 용이 이어지고, (B)에서는 (D)에서 언급된 예산 이동에 대한 Peter의 분석이 나온다. (C)에서는 (B)에서의 Peter의 계산이 언급된 뒤, 편지의 나머지에 나온 내용으로 나눔에 관심이 있 는 사람들의 입장에서 본 국제기관 근무의 특성이 언급되고 있으므로 글의 순서로 ③ (D)－(B)－(C)가 가장 적절하다. 226) ⑤ add → adding 227) ⑤ Gorby는 Peter의 조언대로 세계은행에서 일하고 있으므로 ⑤는 적절치 않다.

217) ② (A)에는 습관 형성에 대한 예시로 For example이, (B)에는 처음의 의도와 달리 이후에 자동적인 반응으로 습관이 장악하 게 된다는 내용이므로 However가 가장 적절하다. 218) ③ 다른 사람의 자세와 움직임에서 엿보이는 두려움이 얼굴표정 보다 전달력이 강하며, 이런 형상은 인간뿐 아니라 동물세계 에서도 발견된다는 내용으로 위험을 전달하는 데 있어 얼굴 표정이 강력하지 않다는 것은 아니다 219) ② (A)에서는 Gorby가 Peter와 편지를 통해 진로상담을 한 내용 이 나온다. (C)에서는 몇 년 뒤 Peter가 Gorby로부터 이메일 을 받고서, Gorby가 세계 은행의 가족계획 투자 권고 부서에 서 일하는데 원치 않은 출산예방과 관련하여 매우 적은 비용 이 드는 프로젝트로 투자를 이동시켰다는 것을 알게 되는 내 용이 이어지고, (B)에서는 (C)에서 언급된 예산 이동에 대한 Peter의 분석이 나온다. (D)에서는 (B)에서의 Peter의 계산이 언급된 뒤, 편지의 나머지에 나온 내용으로 나눔에 관심이 있 는 사람들의 입장에서 본 국제기관 근무의 특성이 언급되고 있으므로 글의 순서로 ③ (C)－(B)－(D)가 가장 적절하다. 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

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