Amirhossein Rezaei Cherati Architecture Portfolio 2021 by Amirhossein Rezaie Cherati

AMIRHOSSEIN REZAEI CHERATI ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO 2013-2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Curriculum Vitae

Mediating entities

2021/ M.SC/ TUB

DESIGN & PLANNING

Mousseron city

2020/ M.SC/ TUB

DESIGN & PLANNING/ DIGITAL/ URBAN

The Collective

2020/ M.SC/ TUB

DESIGN & PLANNING/ URBAN

R-T Energy performance prediction

2020/ M.SC/ TUB

DIGITAL/ ANALYSIS/ ENERGY

SoRo Di-Fab

2019/ M.SC/ TMU

DIGITAL/ FABRICATION/ THESIS

SoRo Responsive Canopy

2019/ M.SC/ TMU

DIGITAL/ FABRICATION

Transformative Modular Structure

2017/ B.A/ UOA

FABRICATION

Baroon Village Study

2015/ B.A/ UOA

ANALYSIS/ RURAL

51 Photography

2010 - 2020

CURRICULUM VITAE AMIRHOSSEIN REZAEI CHERATI 11 March 1995, Sary, Iran

Harbigstraße 14, 14055 Berlin +4915738277643 ah.rezaii@gmail.com

EDUCATION Master of Architecture-Typology student

Technische Universitat Berlin (TUB), Faculty of Planning Building Environment

Master of Architecture-Technology (First Rank)

Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Faculty of Architecture and Arts, Tehran, Iran

Bachelor of Architecture (First Rank)

University of Art (UoA), Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tehran, Iran

Diploma in Mathematics and Physics

Shahid Sadoughi high school – NODET (National Organization for Development of Exceptional Talents), Yazd, Iran

2019 - Present 2017 - 2019 2013 - 2017 2009 - 2013

HONORS & AWARDS DAAD Scholarship

for Study trip of foreign students to Germany (TU Berlin, Bauhaus Universität Weimar).

Exceptional Talent Scholarship for Master’s studies

from top three universities of Tehran, Iran.Rewarded for students with Top 5% GPA

Registering Faculty of Business and Management, University of Tehran

in Iran’s national list of cultural heritage buildings and sites.

“Entrance Design National Competition”

for Tarbiat Modares University, Second Rank

“Pedestrian Cultural Space Design Competition”

for Iran’s University of Medical Sciences, Top Rank

National Scholarship for undergraduate studies

Tehran University of Art, Tehran, Iran

Ranked top 0.5% amongst more than 300.000 competitors

in Iran’s National University Entrance Exam

13th Khawrizmi National Award

Selected Project in Electrical & Electronics field

2019 2017-2019 2019 2018 2016 2013 2013 2011

Winner of multiple photography competitions and photos published in several books

Ministry of science and technology photo and cartoon festival, Fereshteh award, Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation photography competition, Doorbin.net annual photography festival, Noghreh Festival and …

2010 - Present

TEACHING EXPERIENCES Teaching Assistant

in Basic Architecture Studio at University of Art (UoA), Tehran (3 semesters)

Teaching photography

in Institutes and organizations

2019 - Present 2017 - 2019

PUBLICATIONS A.RezaeiCherati, M.Mahdavinejad, SoRo Responsive Wall: Soft Robotics for Human-Oriented Architecture

2020

A.RezaeiCherati, A.Zand, M.Goodarzi, Z.Mohammadi, Introduction and analysis of the faculty of business and management, University of Tehran

2019

A.RezaeiCherati, A.Zand, M.Goodarzi, Z.Mohammadi, Interview with architect Hossein Amant on his projects in Iran

2019

M.Mahdavinejad, A.RezaeiCherati, Imam Khomeini Square in Hamedan introduction and analysis

2019

Anthropologic: Architecture and Fabrication in the cognitive age - Proceedings of the 38th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2020, pp. 623-630

The 2nd National Conference on Documentation of Natural and Cultural Heritage, 28 February 2019 - Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University,Tehran, Iran.

‌‌Sarvin Magazin, Tehran, Iran.

Conference on Modern Heritage and Future Legacy - June 11-13, 2019, Weimar, Germany.

WORK EXPERIENCE Restoration and rehabilitation of “Arghavan Botique Hotel” (Built project) Zanjan, Iran

First phase design of a seaside villa

2020

Babolsar, Iran

Architectural Designer

2019

at “Hidalou Hezare Hashtom” architecture firm, Tehran, Iran

Participation in Academic research project

Accumulating the oral testimonies concerning teaching interior design in Iran

Founding board member and CEO of Non-Degree Programs Center University of Art

Documentarist of National Museum of Iran’s Renovation Project Tehran, Iran

Participation in interior design of Prehistory section of National Museum of Iran Tehran, Iran

Internship at Iranian Center for Architectural and Urban Studies and Research Tehran, Iran

Internship at Transformative Architecture Office (TAO)

2018 2015-2017 2015 2015 2015 2014

Tehran, Iran

Participation in Feasibility studies of ‘Moghaddam Co.’ Lands Nazarabad, Iran

Member of Student’s Scientific Association of Architecture University of Art / Tarbiat Modares University

SKILLS

2020

2014 2013-2019

LANGUAGES 3D Modeling

Rhinoceros, Grasshopper (& Plugins), Autodesk Revit Architecture, Lumion, Sketchup

2D Graphic

Persian Native

English

Fluent (IELTS 7.5)

Autodesk AutoCAD, Adobe Photoshop, Adobe InDesign, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Premiere, Adobe Lightroom, Microsoft Office

German

Programming & Analysis

Arabic

C++, Python, Autodesk Ecotecht Analysis, AI & ML

Intermediate

Basic

Machinery

Wood working, Manual working, Laser cutting

iii

TUB/2021

Mediating entities The case of an up-cycling research hub

Winter 2021 / Typology Design Studio (Architectures of Labour) / Technische Universität Berlin (TUB) Supervisors Prof. Dr Rainer Hehl, Tobias Schrammek Team Maria Dimitroudi, Hanie Noroozzadeh, Theodore Tselepidis

The approach of this project is to investigate the influence of education in the working environment through its potentiality to create a hybrid condition that is revealed in between working and educating processes. Taking this into consideration the main goal of our proposal is to develop diverse and organic mediations among technical production, social, and knowledge production processes. Forming this mediator space is our main focal point, and we attempt to experiment on how sequences of collective and secluded qualities can be spatially translated.

Collage of core ideas driven by the project

M.SC/ DESIGN & PLANNING

We tried to utilize these principles in an upcycling research hub that collects plastic waste and produces innovative materials and product prototypes, as well as, developing knowledge through research and collective modes of education that leads to creating an open platform where material and immaterial work can interlink organically, where at the same time diverse users by working and interacting, can form social bonds without the need to shred their differences into one homogeneous body.

Mediating entities The project site plan. The dark color indicates an existing parking structure that we use.

Project location

Spatial Program

The project is located in Tegel airport, Berlin that was shutdown in 2020 as a proposal for re-designing existing buildings. The project intervenes in the airport’s parking infrastructure in the south part of the Tegel campus, located in the borderline between the artificial landscape of the airport and the forest and the allotment gardens.

The program consists of three main collective territories; firstly the collector in pink is the first encounter space where the users gather and prepare the raw plastic waste for further processes. The second territory, the blue one which is at the core of our program is forming a space where users research, design, and process. And finally, the third one in yellow is the exhibition which consists of an open market that aims to communicate the working and educational processes that occur in this building to the city of Berlin.

This parking infrastructure consists of a structural metal sequence in linear growth of 180m, an open plan, and numerous rectangular cuts that allow nature to protrude.

Our main attempt is to organically merge these 3 territories through a public and collective mediator space, where various and flexible working modes can take place.

Spatial program diagram

TUB/2021

Type Component System The design approach in this project was linked to component creation through certain typological operations, like Modification, Transfer, Hybridization, Superimposition, and etc. Through these operations we have developed and recognized various components to be further implemented in the design. For instance, the “bubbles” is a component derived from Modification of conventional office type and turing it to a more flexible and lively space.

INFRASTRUCTURE

DEFINED

structural sequence

greenhouse

up-lab

open platform

archive

bubbles

playground studio joint

collector

mediator space 5

M.SC/ DESIGN & PLANNING

agora

Mediating entities

Render of the ”Fab cafe” where the main design activities takes place.

Render of the ”Playground studio”. Here we questioned, how working, research and play can combine together.

Render of the ”The material Library” and the dialogue that creates with the existing infrastructure and the natural environment on the outside.

TUB/2021 Section perspective A. The “Prototype hall” on the left and the way it is inserted to the “Mediator space”.

View through the “Trail-path” (a mediator inside the “Mediator space” and in the right side, the “Material library”. 7

M.SC/ DESIGN & PLANNING

Mediating entities

Section perspective B. The “Up-Lab” on the right and the way it is inserted to the “Mediator space”.

View from Mediator space to “Agora” and the “Fabcafe”. It is possible to grasp a hint of the threshold that the fab-cafe creates by its insertion to the mediator space. 8

TUB/2020 9

M.SC/ DESIGN & PLANNING

Mediating entities

Ground floor plan

TUB/2020

Mousseron city

Summer 2020 / Bio-Inspired Modular Morphologies / Technische Universität Berlin (TUB) Supervisors Prof. Liss C. Werner, Valmir Kastrati Team Merlina Stephens, Esra Cumert, Anastasia Kuznestova

“What is the inner nature, the ordering principle, which distinguishes the artificial from the natural city?” Christopher Alexander The project for the new area of XIONG in China is inspired by the morphological structures of the mushroom and moss.

Eye level view to the lamella islands 11

M.SC/ DESIGN & PLANNING/ DIGITAL/ URBAN

The main aim of the design is to form a new urban and rural space layout, that connects city groups through transportation corridors and strengthens the wetland front, which is a characteristic of the location. Further, the design is using clean energy and is taking influences of floods and earthquakes into account.

Mousseron city

The Research

Simulation of mushroom Lamella

BIO-BUILDING/CITY

Mycelium

Structural stability Branching shape Searching methode (2 phases) Form morphology Delivering Minerals

Transportation Urban Infrastructure Overall morphology Urban networks Layering strategy Building Structure

Maximal surface Pore distribution Pore storage Overall form

Water storage/distribution Building typology Urban landscape morphology

Water collection strategies Form changing Voronoi shape cells Spiral shape structure

Strategies for flood/drought Building structure

Hyaline Cells

BIO-METHOD/STRATEGIES

Lamella

During our research, our attention was drawn by mushroom gills and its mycelium branching system. A gill, or lamella, is a papery hymenophore rib under the cap of the mushroom. Its form and connection to the stem help to identify the species of the fungi. Additionally, It creates an efficient surface area for the disperse of pores. The Mycelium, located at the bottom of the mushroom in the ground consists of white fine filaments (hyphae) and function for the absorption of nutrients from its environment using a combination of facilitated diffusion and active transport. It can be categorized into the lateral branching group. After experimenting with the sphagnum moss, we were inspired by its ability in terms of water absorption. The absorption of water happens through the entire surface of the body through pores in the hyaline cells. The water then moves through capillary action, drawn from one cell to another. The Sphagnum counters need for water by storing it and retains water 16 to 26 times its dry weight, then slowly release it during periods of drought. Render of overlapping Mycelium branching

Mycelium growth simulation 12

Process of defining natural zones, based on exsisting resources and topography

M.SC/ DESIGN & PLANNING/ DIGITAL/ URBAN

Merging the green zones Water resources

In the design process, we were inspired by the concept of Christopher Alexander, that the city is not a tree rather than Urban structure correspondent semilattice structure, which covers the entire city in a single network. We tried to reflect these ideas in the project, starting by rationalizing the existing roads by a rectangular grid and marking the city districts, such as villages, by a diameter of around 1,5 km. At the crossings of the main roads, we added our new districts to densify areas around transport hubs with a diameter of 0.9 - 1.3 km. Further green zones have been added in between districts to provide a balance and connectivity to natural resources with a broader diameter of more than 1.7 km. After, we wanted to emphasize the role of water by connecting the districts by water zones and forming a connection in form of a river between the lakes located in the north and south of the area.

Defining the rivers

Urban strategy

Green zones (Circle-packing algorithm)

Merging the city centers

Existing and new centers

TUB/2020 Proposed master plan of the area (Aerial view)

Mousseron city

A bird-eye view of lamella structures. It is mostly seen on the periphery of the rivers. This structure helps to prevent flood and drought by absorbing and releasing water in different conditions and seasons.

TUB/2020

Infrastructure and Water supply summer

winter

Sunlight collector in winter - Protection from summer sunlight radiation

Daytime heat removal - Distribution of fresh air

We implemented the Mycelium growth algorithm that expand on the whole city districts and cover our building volumes. By layering these, we could then separate them according their function. By using the algorithm we now guaranteeing a safe water supply, but also safe pedestrian walkways disconnected from roads. To react to the given topography of the site the buildings change in height and contribute to a divers city landscape. In the intersection in-between city districts and to water we now placed our lamella structure. In our city design, the Lamella functions as a system to collect sunlight in winter and reduce insolation in summer. As they have a direct connection to the water areas, they are able to distribute fresh air during warmer days and accumulate the heat. Additionally, the lamellas are essential for the water storage. By storing water during flood times throughout their efficient surface, they can release it when water supplies are short. Through the infrastructure, grown by with mycelium network, water can then be delivered to city locations disconnected from the water front.

Mechanism of the lamella structure during summer and winter. Uptake and accumulation of the heat drought

flood

Aerial view of the area in drought and flood times.

M.SC/ DESIGN & PLANNING/ DIGITAL/ URBAN

Mousseron city

rivers and water storage

city and building structure

infrastructure network

pedestrian network

Overlaying of all layers

Various layers of urban and natural systems, generated by Mycelium and Lamella growth algorithms.

RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL Public and private spaces like dwellings, shops, and etc.

WATER INFRASTRUCTURE separate network for distributing water through the city from lamellas and lakes to each building block

PEDESTRIAN NETWORK Safe place for pedestrian to walk run and connect to the neighbourhood. Public space is formed in places that they are more dense. OTHER INFRASTRUCTURE Energy, including electric grids. IT network. Transportation services such as roads, bridges, cycle highways, rail, etc.

Transportation, Pedestrian and Water Infrastructure

Section-Diagram view of the towers, generated with Mycelium growth algorithm. Structure, Infrastructures, and articulation of the buildings within the nature is visible.

TUB/2020 17

Eye-level view to Mycelium towers and Lamella structure

M.SC/ DESIGN & PLANNING/ DIGITAL/ URBAN

Mousseron city

TUB/2020

The Collective

Summer 2020 / Design studio (Deep Plan) / Technische Universität Berlin (TUB) Supervisors Prof. Finn Geipel, Ali Saad, Germain Chan Team Sebastian Georgescu, Niki Sidirourgou, Jelena Vukovic

The Collectiveis a proposal for a community centred project in Neukölln, which seeks to energise the currently neglected plot through the construction of a new Cultural Arts Centre, responding directly to the locality’s needs. Following the forced closure of the neighbourhood’s much loved Griessmuehle Nightclub, the Collective seeks to rehome the

Exterior rendered view of the project.

M.SC/ DESIGN & PLANNING/ URBAN

displaced creative community, in a new state of the arts centre, specialising in Music Production, Fashion, Photography, Visual and Digital Arts. As a crucial part of the local authority’s ‘Quartiers Management Plan’, arts and culture are set to become a booming sector in the neighbourhood.

The Collective

2020 Site plan

1987 Plan

Future Noise Emisisons Prediction

Green Spaces & Water

Local Facilities - Culture, Sports, Recreation & Gastronomy

Transportation

Site Analysis The project responds to guidance set out in the City’s ‘Flächennutzungsplan’ a nd ‘ Berlin Strategy for 2030’, offering affordable housing for its creative residents, with direct access to numerous industry specific shared facilities, as well as extensive recreation space, dining, parking and a large public landscape. Its residents are those who make up the famous ‘Berlin Mix’, and they are set to become an integral part of the local community.

Programme Displacement: The program responds to the abscence of certain recognized activities in the area.

TUB/2020

Sample user groups from different backgrouns

living 38% - 2700 sqm

working 23% - 1600 sqm

living

Visitor, From Berlin, Comes to visit an art instalation.

Sound Engineer, From Brazil, Staying for 2 years.

Local painter, DJ, From Berlin, breakout From space China, Collaborates with a Stays 3 days for workshops painter from Ghana conducting a live music production on a project. concert. PC pool dark rooms

supporting facilities 17% - 1200 sqm

culture 15% - 1100 sqm

GFA - 7000 sqm GFZ - 1,5 GRZ - 0,15

recreation 5% 260 sqm education 2% 140 sqm parking 4420 sqm

circulation

User profile

storage WCs

People with cultural and art related careers and background from studio halls around the globe are the most welcome to this building, where they can stay in an artist residency from a couple days up to digital couple / visualyears. arts studioDuring VR room their stay they can use studio’s, workshops, offices and even collaborate cafes & leisure with other artists on same project. seminar rooms parking

Besides, the local community _Which currently lacks a sufficient cultural area_ can take various roles in this building. Youngs can attend an internship by one of those internationally known artist. Others can enjoy many cultural events and exhibitions.

Housing types Three types of accomodation is implemented in this project, each respoding to the staying time of the residences. These types follows a 6 to 6 meter module that enhaces the ability of duplication in the periphery of the building, where they can get the most natural light. Program bar and Axonometric Housing modules

1 Bedroom Apartment

2 Bedroom Maisonette

6 Bedroom WG

- Bedroom - Living Room / Kitchen - WC

- Bedroom x 2 - Living Room/ Kitchen/ Dining Area - WC

- Bedroom x6 - Living Room - Kitchen/ Dining Area

M.SC/ DESIGN & PLANNING/ URBAN

-WC x4 -Private Terrace

CENTRALISED PROGRAMME ARRANGEMENT light (0 fc)

Controlled Environment

dark (300+ fc)

Indica�ve Plans - Ligh�ng Study

Private Spaces

Natural Environment

Shared Spaces (fixed)

2.4

Shared spaces (flexible)

Climatic Buffer Zone

living working commerce circula�on

Schema�c Sec�on - Programme

118

5.7

2.7

Circulation

The Collective

DAYLIGHT PENETRATION CLIMATISATION

Deep plan strategies in different floors.

Overview axonometric of the project.

TUB/2020 Third-Floor plan.

Schematic SW elevation. 23

M.SC/ DESIGN & PLANNING/ URBAN

The Collective

Interior view of intermediate levels.

Interior view of intermediate levels. 24

TUB/2020 Exterior view of the physical model.

Interior view of the physical model.

M.SC/ DESIGN & PLANNING/ URBAN

Section perspective of all levels.

The Collective

TUB/2020

R-T Energy performance prediction Artificial Neural Network for real-time building energy efficiency prediction

Summer 2020 / Artificial Intelligence and Design Modelling / Technische Universität Berlin (TUB) Supervisor Prof. Dr.-Ing. Philipp Geyer Team Edyta Baran, Yasaman Momenzadeh

AI is conquering all areas of our life, from very basic and ordinary tasks to the most sophisticated and high-tech jobs. Architecture included, It is of utmost importance for all fields to keep being updated with the novel tools and acheivments to form an interdisciplinary relations among other fields. The aim of this project was to firstly earn essential knowledge of AI and understand its scope, potentials and limitations, and then implement it in environment and building energy performance analysis.

Through this research we have indicated a problem in early phases of design which is the lack of reliable information on how the efficient is our design in terms of energy consumption. In later stage, with the help of artificial inteligence nueral networksm we ‘ve proposed and created a plugin for Grasshopper to evaluate and predict the building energy performance in real time.

Overall view of randomly generated volumes, each representing possible basic shape of a desired building.

M.SC/ DIGITAL/ ANALYSIS/ ENERGY

R-T Energy performance prediction Samples from the data-set of generated volumes with different levels of complexity. We have extracted and categorized geometrical features of each volume like walls (separatly for every direction that it faced), roof, ground floor, etc and generated random-sized window surfaces on each side. Then also given random orientation and U and R values to each element.

Sample No.34

Sample No.239

The Objective As much as 40% of energy saving potential is contained within the first preliminary design phase where simple massing decisions such as volume/ surface ratios and orientation are critical in the final energy consumption of a building. However, in the first stage of the design, energy values are rarely considered. Current energy simulation programs are slow and require substantial detail. At this point of the design, most of the building information is still uncertain which makes simulations a time-consuming process.

Sample No.482

Our objective for this project is to test a machine learning model as an alternative and faster tool for energy predictions where the thermal loads are calculated based on geometrical data rather than engineering calcultations.

ral Network for real-time building energy efﬁciency prediction

PHASE 02

PHASE 03

PHASE 04

Windows

PHASE 01

Roofs

Sample No.596

ENERGYSAVING SAVINGPOTENTIAL POTENTIAL ENERGY

40% design development

Design development

detail design

Detail desing

Energy saving potential in 4 phases of construction

construction

Construction

Walls

conceptual massing

Sample No.755

TUB/2020 The Grasshopper definition of the process of generating random volumes, creating and sorting “Features” and “Labels” as a “Data-set” for further use in an ANN network.

GENERATING THE RANDOM VOLUMES

M.SC/ DIGITAL/ ANALYSIS/ ENERGY

DEFINING ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS AND THEIR ORIENTATION TO THE VOLUME

ASSIGNING ENERGY VALUES TO THE ELEMENTS (HONEYBEE PLUG-IN)

RAINING DATA

R-T Energy performance prediction

Artiﬁcial Neural Network for real-time building energy efﬁciency prediction

Graphical data visialization of the impact of extracted “Features” like, wall area, Volume, Orientation, and the overall perimeter of a volume to the Total thermal load as the “Label”.

Generating random volumetric possibilies

GENERATION OF FEATURES AND LABELS

Rhinoceros

Random massing

From the 1000 generated massings, we were able to extract geometrical features such as wall surfaces, Wall to Window Ratio, footprint, volume, etc. Features Energy Plus have been Honeybee that are user-input such as U-Values assigned a random value from the range. In parallel, the massing models Energy Model Energywere passed to Honeybee the model into (IDF)plug-in which converted Simulation an energy model that could then be read by Energy + simulation program. EnergyPlus calculated the total annual thermal load per each model, and gives the result back to Honeybee. Then we used grasshopper to organize and sort data and export it as a “.csv” file. LABELS

FEATURES

ntelligence and Design Modelling SOSE2020 n | Kento Hiramatsu | AmirHossein RezaeiCherati | Yasaman Momenzadeh

APPLYING RANDOM GLAZING TO EACH EXTERIOR WALL SURFACEACCORDING TO ITS ORIENTATION (HONEYBEE PLUG-IN)

CREATING ENERGY ZONES AND PASSING THE DATA TO ENERGY PLUS ENGINE FOR PERFORMANCE SIMULATION (LADYBUG PLUG-IN)

SORTING THE DATA TO .CSV SHEETS FOR FURTHUR USE IN MACHINE LEARNING PROCESS

TUB/2020

Machine learning process After cleaning the data and removing missing values, we had 836 models to train our NN with. The total dataset has been split into 80% training data and 20 % test data. This dataset was then used to train a machine learning regression model. The Neural Network architecture that we are using to perform these energy predictions is a 2 layer Neural Network with 16 and 1 neuron respectively. The output label is total annual thermal load in Kw.h. The model was trained for 1000 EPOCHS which gave us a MSE of 0.22. We were able to achieve a near 80% accuracy. The trained model with its weights can then be used in a 3D modelling environment (as a plugin) and predict from an unseen dataset in real-time.

Artiﬁcial Neural Network for real-time building energy efﬁciency prediction ANN

Energy Simulation

Features

Hidden Layer (16)

Label

Orientation

Wall / Floor Area

LABELS WWR

Random massing

Building Program

TRAINED MODEL

U-values

・・・・・・・・・

Energy Model (IDF)

Roof Area

Surface Perimeter

FEATURES

Volume

The flow chart of the data process.

TRAINING DATA

3D Model

Artiﬁcial Neural Network for real-time building energy efﬁciency prediction

geometrical data

TRAINED MODEL arbitrary data

The generated data-set as a .csv file, visualized in an excel document.

g SOSE2020 GENERATION OF FEATURES AND LABELS ssein RezaeiCherati | Yasaman Momenzadeh 31 M.SC/ DIGITAL/ ANALYSIS/ ENERGY Rhinoceros

Honeybee

Energy Plus

TOTAL THERMAL LOAD (Kw.h)

East Wall A West Wall A North Wall South Wall Roof Area Ground Are Building Wi Ground Per Volume

Walls U-Val Windows U WWR: East/ South Roof U-Valu Ground U-V Orientation Building Pr

・・・・・・・・

・・・・

・・・・・・・・・

ng Program

WWR

TRAINED MODEL

Surface erimeter

Building Program

TRA R-T Energy performance prediction

East Wall Area Surface Perimeter West Wall Area North Wall Area South Wall Area Volume Roof Area Ground Area Building Wireframe Lenght Ground Perimeter Volume

Volume

TRAINED MODEL

MODEL

USER INPUT TOTAL THERMAL LOAD (Kw.h)

East Wall Area West Wall Area North Wall Area TOTAL THERMAL South Wall Area LOAD Roof (Kw.h) Area Walls U-Value 3D Model geometrical data Ground Area Windows U-Value Building Wireframe Lenght WWR: East/ West/ North/ Ground Perimeter South arbitrary data Volume Roof U-Value

Eas We No So Ro Gro Bu Gro Vo

TOTAL THERMAL LOAD (Kw.h)

TRAINED MODEL

Wa Wi WW So Ro Gr Or Bu

Ground U-Value Orientation Walls U-Value Building Program Windows U-Value WWR: East/ West/ North/ South Roof U- Value Artificial Intelligence and Design Modelling SOSE2020 Ground UValue Momenzadeh Edyta Baran | Kento Hiramatsu | AmirHossein RezaeiCherati | Yasaman Orientation Building Program

Flow chart of the way that the desired plugin works. Future work etwork for realtime energy efﬁciency prediction Basically the userbuilding gives the 3D model as an input and the plugin will extract geometric data and assigns conventional energy values to its architectural elements. Then by passing it to the trained model, the user would be notified by the predicted annual thermal load of the volume.

For further steps we propose an attempt to use auto-keras, a function that can find the best NN architecture for most optimal results. Then it would be also important to test the so trained NN on new data directly inside a 3D Rhino environment. The result of this work can be an input for architectural research in field of design studies. The role of Artificial intelligence on reducing building energy consumption in first phases of design, would be a subject that is supposed to be futher investigated Artiﬁcial Neural Network for real-timebybuilding energy efﬁciency prediction field studies.

NEXT STEPS

CONCLUSION

Implementation of NN into Rhino env. NEXT STEPS

⚠

× EPI Notification Implementation of NN into Rhino env. Current building volume has relatively larger energy performance than average. Click this to read analysis.

⚠

Dismiss EPI Notification

Current building volume has relatively larger energy performance than average. Click this to read analysis.

File

Edit

○ �

� ⚡ � �

✔ � 😇😇

Solid

Mesh

�

� Design BIM.app

Dimention Transform Tools Analyze File Edit View Surface Solid Mesh Dimention Transform �

▱ �

▱

Surface

○

�

View

Dismiss

� Design BIM.app

� ⚡ � �

✔ � 😇😇

⚠

EPI Notification

⚠

_ � × Render Analyze Render

Tools

EPI Notification

Here is the analysis report from the energy efficiency evaluation system.

Here is the analysis report from the energy Curren energy efficiency efficiency evaluation system. is inefficient

Estimated EPI: 100~125 kWh/㎡ Max. Potential EPI Reduction by Optimising Massing [ -87 kWh/㎡ ]

Curren energy efficiency is inefficient

Dismiss

Estimated EPI: 100~125 kWh/㎡ Max. Potential EPI Reduction by Optimising Massing [ -87 kWh/㎡ ]

52˚30'48"N 13̊ 19'23"E | G88F+8P | Str. des 17. Juni 152 10623 Berlin

Dismiss

Betterment of prediction accuracy Implementation of Auto-Keras Generate more data Optimiser functions: ReLu / Elu / Segmoid / LeakyRelu

52˚30'48"N 13̊19'23"E | G88F+8P | Str. des 17. Juni 152 10623 Berlin

A part of the code (in Jupyter env.) indicating the model accuracy of 77.90 and the chart which shows how the accuracy is changing throw different EPOCHS.

Artificial Intelligence and Design Modelling SOSE2020 Edyta Baran | Kento Hiramatsu | AmirHossein RezaeiCherati | Yasaman Momenzadeh

Demo of desired plugin for design softwares that notifies

the designer while modelling, about approximate accuracy energy Betterment of prediction consumption of the drawn volume in real-time.

Implementation of Auto-Keras

TMU/2019

> extracted article under review for publication.

SoRo Di-Fab

Tip-extending soft robots applied to digital fabrication in Architecture

Winter 2019 / Masters Thesis / Tarbiat Modares University (TMU) Supervisors Prof. Dr. Mohammadreza Bemanian, Prof. Dr. Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad

Soft robotics, as an emerging and expanding field in recent years, has not only involved engineering researchers, but also other majors like art and sciences including architecture. It is simply referred to robots whose structure is mostly made of soft materials. Soft robotics projects are often inspired by nature, and biomimicry is one of the pillars of creativity in this field. Today architects take advantage of advancements in the other sciences to improve buildings construction methods. After examining challenges in digital fabrication in architecture and considering its weaknesses

Implementation of the methode to creat a sample pavillion

M.SC/ DIGITAL/ FABRICATION/ THESIS

and strengths, we proposed a novel method for fabricating linear free forms using tip extending soft robots. In this approach, the designer can simply fabricate any linear and curved form in real space, consolidate it with various materials, and assemble or expand it if necessary. An algorithm is developed to process the robot’s path and prepare it for implementation. To verify our results, several prototypes were made and examined with various forms and materials in the laboratory scale. This research helps lay the foundation for soft robotics digital fabrication in architecture.

SoRo Di-Fab

2. Mapping knitting inspired pattern on surface and simulating path of the plastic pipe

PRE-PROCESSING IMPLEMENTATION CONSOLIDATION

Nylon tube while inflating

7. Consolidating the final structure with desired material

6. Launching the soft robot at the project location

5. Folding bending points with a device or manually

Digital fabrication procedure is divided into three general phases: before, during and after implementation. Following the main idea of kniting a nylon tube to shape a surface or a volume, we have firstly confronted the challenge of leading the tube in a 3D environment. To do so we have designed an algorithm based on tubular geometry of the inflatable nylon and defined exact positions to make a fold, so that in the if we do these folding on the tube and inflate it with air, the final shape would be similar as the on desired in the software.

3. Checking for possible collisions and adjusting the robot’s path

Method

4. Unfolding the pipe path: Marking the bending points on unrolled pipe

The key features of soft robotics, which makes it suitable for use in architecture and large scale construction where cost, quality and time are the three most important and decisive principles, are: 1. No need to precisely define the environment (unlike rigid robots), 2. High adaptability, 3. Low cost, 4. Low complexity, 5. Low risk (compared to rigid robotics), and 6. The ability to build sophisticated and beautiful forms with simple, low noise mechanisms. Accordingly, after reviewing technologies achieved in this field, we concluded that “Tip-extending soft robots” can be used in fabricating complex forms with relatively high accuracy and low cost. In this study, we developed them to surmount aforementioned challenges and limitations in digital fabrication.

1. Creating desired line, surface or volume in Rhinoceros software

Why Soft robots?

TMU/2019

The flowchart of the main algorithm

The processing is done in Rhinoceros software using the Grasshopper plugin and Python scripting. Firstly, the preprocessed linear data is received. Here, we extrude a circle (2r = plastic roll diameter) through the base curve which will eventually form the robot’s body. Then we find four imaginary axes which extend along the pipe by the Isoparametric curve logic. To find the bending points, we use guess and check method through the whole curve. The reason for choosing this method is that the existing curves are NURBS and do not have a specific mathematical equation. Therefore, it cannot be empirically concluded and the geometric method should be used Details of the algorithm is illustrated in the flowchart above.

M.SC/ DIGITAL/ FABRICATION/ THESIS

Mechanism of a tip-extending soft robot.

SoRo Di-Fab

The basis of the methods mentioned for navigating a tubular plastic roll is to shortening one side to a specified amount at the point where the rotation is to occur. So there are two parameters that determine this issue: 1. The exact location of the rotation point on robot’s body, which can be determined by two variables of x and y. 2. Shortening length on that point, that causes rotation angle. Both of the above variables are a function of the plastic cylinder diameter, which here is considered to be a constant value.

Geometrical analysis of the tubular body.

Dividing base curve to small sectors as steps. The exact bending point will be always located between two successive steps.

The D parameter diagram of a free form curve. Finding exact step value through interpolation.

TMU/2019

Implementation After simulation in the software, it is now time to implement the folding data on the plastic roll. The software prints out a manual guide plan, on which the bending points are marked. The user must shorten the length of the plastic roll or floding at the specified points. This can be done by gluing or by plastic pressing.

Consolidation After initial formation, the structure reaches relative stability, which is directly proportional to the designed form. Therefore, no scaffolding or support might be provided if the form is selfsupporting. At this point there will be two options for finishing: A. Exposed body structure: The structure will remain exposed without use of any other materials for finishing. An air compressor can be used if necessary. This method is applicable to temporary spaces. It is possible to retract the robot without damaging its original structure when needed. B. Finishing with hard materials: In this method, before everting, the body in the air tank is stained with a type of resin with low cure time. After formation and curing, the structure gains relative strength. Lastly, we are able to cut off the compressor while the structure remains stable. Fiber reinforced composites (FRC) or reinforced concrete can also be used if the structure can withstand their initial load. In this method, a layer of tubular fiberglass or metal mesh embraces the plastic roll before launching the robot. After the formation, resin or cement can be sprayed to whole structure to strain the fiber or mesh. In this way, the robot’s body acts as a permanent mold and finally we will have a permanent structure.

M.SC/ DIGITAL/ FABRICATION/ THESIS

HELIX FILL ALGORITHM: Creating volume from line by duplicating helix in two or three directions. A frame can be used as a guid and the robot will fill inside with the helix algorithm.

FREE FORM CURVE ALGORITHM: The tube can follow any free curve in the space. With the use of this algorithm we can create any self standing shape.

TEMPRORY OR PERMANENT STRUCTURE

LARGE SCALE 3D PRINTING

SOFT SCAFFOLDING Different applications of the proposed method in fast, lowcost and durable prototyping and construction.

SoRo Di-Fab

Experimental test The accuracy of the proposed algorithm was verified in two parts: 2D and 3D free forms. The result of this experiment indicates that the algorithm is working properly and can be implemented manually with acceptable accuracy compared to simulations both for 2D and 3D models. Additionally, We have tested the various materials for form consolidation and tested their applicability. From these experiments, it can be concluded that the best way to solidify this type of structure is to use resin and fiber composites (FRC).

SIMULATED PATH THROUGH THE ALGORITHM

USER INPUT MODEL IN THE 3D SOFTWARE

1. Gypsum + Gunny`

3. Resin epoxy + Lace fabric

2. Resin epoxy + Fiber glass

4. Resin epoxy only

INFLATED TUBE AFTER APPLYING THE DEFINED FOLDS

TMU/2019

> Published and presented on eCAADe 2020, Berlin.

SoRo Responsive Canopy

Soft Robotics for Human-Oriented Architecture

Summer 2019 / Master’s Design Studio 3 / Tarbiat Modares University (TMU) Supervisors Prof. Dr. Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad

Designing and making an interactive architecture which is able to respond to the environment and human behavior generally requires a variety of mechanical and electronic devices, different kinds of joints and components, and sometimes dangerous equipment that may harm users. They mostly consist of rigid materials which usually need to be covered or modified to be more appealing and pleasant. What if the structure itself feels comfortable and friendly, and moves gently in order to create a bonding with people?

In this research, we propose a soft architecture that can interact and respond using soft robotics principles. We have designed a human-friendly soft robotic wall, that can function as a shelter in urban spaces and changes its form by human presence. Utilizing pneumatic actuation along with soft materials using simple mechanisms results in a safe and soft architecture.

Each actuator bends separately when it senses a human in front of it.

M.SC/ DIGITAL/ FABRICATION

SoRo Responsive Canopy

Design Our main concept in this project is to create a satisfying and comfortable place in urban spaces for people to feel protected and beloved. The idea is a simple wall which reacts gently to both human presence and environment. We improve the quality of space in two aspects. First, environmental conditions. By bending, the structure can be a shelter for people in times of heavy rain or sun. In hot summer or cold winter, it can modify the inflated air temperature to provide thermal comfort in the surroundings. Also, with various lighting strategies it still lives and attracts people at nights. Second, interacting with people. This structure can be perceived as living being that breathes. The inhale and exhale of the air inside the balloons, the flexibility of the structure and the softness of the material enable it to create this feeling. People can lay relax on it like a sofa, touch and feel it, and gather and socialize under its shelter.

Material & Mechanism

Different postures of the structure

In this project we have proposed stretch fabrics for the body of the structure. It is where people start to interact with the architecture and it has to be soft and flexible to feel friendly and comfortable. The fabric has to stretch only in the direction which we want the column to bend. This way we focus the force in the desired orientation. We use air proof nylon or elastic balloons to provide the tension force for bending each column. And finally, any bendable and not extendable material can be sewed on one side to the stretch fabric. In our model we have used 0.5mm Plexiglas as inextensible material. With this idea in our mind, the design was evolved through creating and testing porotypes.

TMU/2019

Controlling System This structure measures environmental factors, such as human presence and weather conditions, to adapt itself and create a better space for users. The controlling system in this project plays an important role and has to be designed as well as the other architectural aspects. It consists of three main stages as is depicted in the diagram. IR, photocells and temperature sensors are means of gathering environmental data for further process. The data is then processed with an Arduino UNO kit and finally reacts properly by activating output sources. Each sensor respond is as follows: IR sensor: If a human is sensed in front of the sensor, the air pump goes on and fills the balloons in the actuators. This will make them to bend. Otherwise, the Arduino turns the pump off and evacuates the air inside the balloons by turning on a servo motor acting as an exhaust valve. A computable amount of air pressure has to be always inside the column to consolidate the structure. Photocell: senses the amount of light. The LED lights inside each column can be turned on and off in respond to environment light (day/night) or human presence. Temperature sensor: is used to adjust the inner air temperature. It allows us to fill the structure with warm air in winter and vice versa in summer so that the surrounding area becomes more comfortable.

The Bending mechanism of one module.

Three prototypes were tested to find the best design solution. Each balloon represents an air channel in Pneu-Net system: a. The balloons weren’t restrained so they can’t transfer the air pressure force in one direction. b. Inextensible fabric is used to restrain balloons in position. c. a piece of one-way stretch fabric is used to either restrain balloons and direct the air pressure force in the correct orientation.

M.SC/ DIGITAL/ FABRICATION

SoRo Responsive Canopy

Start

Exhaust [i] = 1 False

Photocell == Day?

IR_sensor[i]?

True

True Valve[i] = 0 LED_column[i] = 0

False

Valve[i] = 1 Exhaust[i] = 0 LED_column[i] = 1

Air pressure <= Min True Exhaust[i] = 0

Air pressure >= Max?

False

Temperature? True

Ambient_light = 0

Heater = 1 Cooler = 0

Ambient_light = 1

Heater = 0 Cooler = 1

False

True Valve[i] = 0

Flow chart of the interactive process.

Future works The result of this interdisciplinary study indicates that using soft robotics along with inflatable structures can create pleasant and satisfying spaces which can respond to human needs properly. Flexibility and softness are keys of creating these user friendly responsive structures. They are low-cost and relatively durable, and can be easily prefabricated and deployed in every environment. The structure is very light and malleable so it can be simply contracted after use and delivered to other sites. The application of this study can be expanded to larger scales and different organizations and with the use of other soft robotics technologies. For further research on this topic, we suggest deeper study of durable materials which can be used outdoor and experimental test in 1:1 scale.

UOA/2017

> Published in Mehraz magazine, Tehran.

Transformative Modular Structure Winter 2017 / Building tech design / University of Arts, Tehran (UoA)

Supervisors Prof. Dr. Mojtaba Mahdavinia Team Asal Shirvanian, Ehsan dehghani, Iman Tavakoli, Sajjad Yazdani

The project was carried out in technical design studio that led to the construction scaled in 1:1. The aim of the course was using modern construction technologies and getting involved with technical details in order to build the project in real size.The final solution was the use of modular and tensile structure.

Final instalation at faculty of architecture and urbanism building of UoA.

B.A/ FABRICATION

Transformative Modular Structure

The Challenge When it comes to building a model in 1:1 scale, we have to consider various kinds of different issues from the exact size of a screw to funding strategies like finding a sponsor. Starting from structural aspects, we intended to use 25cm*25cm modules to form a fluid surface. After testing numerous prototypes we finally came up with the idea of using an origami star-shape module, which opens and closes in different pressures in a tensile system. To supply this force we have connected all of the modules by a grid of cables, passing in each module. This will enable the structure not only to act as a contilever structure, but also to provide us different forms in different tensions.

Initial prototypes made by paper and finally by galvanized metal sheets.

Module folding process

Module dimention changes in response to appleid pressure or tension 44

UOA/2017

Fabrication process

Cables and modules position according to eachother.

After finalizing the initial idea, we did a quick research on materials to find the best one. The main factors in choosing it was firstly, its ability to be folded, since the module form was based on a folding process. Second, it had to have high shear stress, because every module had to connect with others via a small screw. And third, its cost might be low so that we could afford it. Lastly, we chose to use 0.5mm galvanized steel and CNC method to cut it in predesigned shape. Although it costed too much, fortunately we found a sponsor named, NarinTechFartak. Cooperation with a company which is active in the field of design and construction of industrial machinery and ATM machines was an incredible chance to achieve great experiences.

Technical plan of one module.

Laser cutting machine.

Modules technical plan The number of modules and their dimension was considered due to the size of installation space and the optimal use of the galvanized sheet. The modules cut the square shape and each modules would bend from the axis of the symmetry to ensure eight equal triangles. By cable passage from the diagonal of each modulus, the capability for opening and closure of each modulus has been provided.

Assembly of the parts on site.

B.A/ FABRICATION

Transformative Modular Structure

Final instalation at faculty of architecture and urbanism building of UoA.

UOA/2015

Baroon Village Study Winter 2015 / Village studies (I) / University of Arts, Tehran (UoA) Supervisors Prof. Dr. Behshsid Hosseini, Maryam Hosseini Team Afshin Yavari, Maryam Farzan

Traveling to all over the country, meeting people from diverse cultures and getting familiar with the vernacular architecture of Iran was the main aim of “Village one” course. In this project, we have traveled to Baroon Village, West AZ, far away from the capital to learn from the legacy of our ancestors in shape of a village. The study had three stages: We have studied the context and texture of the village thoroughly.

Overview of Baroon village

B.A/ ANALYSIS/ RURAL

Other groups have rolled over the village houses and discussed with the inhabitants. Then we have tried to organize them to types. Also, one group focused on the social and cultural study of the region. The outcome of these studies was used in “VillageII” course in which we have designed a building in the village.

Baroon Village Study

Bakery Volleyball field Market

Cemmetry

Market Mosque Old tree

School Clinic

Baroon village map. Key places are marked on the map. Village analysis diagrams

Peripherial dimention lines

Village formation stages

North-South enlongation

Rural pattern

Rural zones

Shepards’ paths

Village development direction

Grading of the passages

Pavements section photos

First grade pave passage

First grade dirt passage

Second grade dirt passage

Second grade pave passage

UOA/2015

Village houses typology STABLE

KITCHEN

NESTED HOUSES Houses of this type have linear spacial organization. Therefore, the living space is preceded by the stable. Also stables are built inside each other.

LIVING

YARD

ENTRANCE

LIVING

KITCHEN

STABLE

YARD

STABLE

HOUSES WITH CENTRAL YARD The stable, the Living area and other rooms have access from the central yard. Some may have interior connections between other rooms too.

ENTRANCE

SHEPHERD HOUSES Houses of this type are mostly consist of different kinds of stables, keeping livestock. A room for shepherd is included for their rest.

STABLE

SHEPHERD ROOM

YARD

ENTRANCE

STABLE

LIVING

STABLE

YARD

ENTRANCE ANIMALS

B.A/ ANALYSIS/ RURAL

YARD

ENTRANCE INHABITANTS

TWO ENTRACE HOUSES Some houses has two separate entrance. One for livestock and one for humans. These houses have more area in comparison with others.

Baroon Village Study

TUB/2020

PHOTOGRAPHY Sellected works

First place at Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation photography competition Baroon village, West Azerbaijan, Iran

Photography

Kouhbanan, Kerman, Iran

2010-2020 First place at Iranian National Space Agency Astrophotography competition The Lunar Eclips, Iran

MORE PROJECTS https://issuu.com/amirhosseinrezaii

Photography

Amirhossein Rezaei Cherati Architecture Portfolio 2021

Articles inside

Transformative Modular Structure

SoRo Di-Fab

Mousseron city

Mediating entities