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This manual was made possible by the support of the American People through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents of this manual are the sole responsibility of Arab Reporters for Investigative Journalism (ARIJ) and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.
@@pbíìna اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻷول :اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ 1............................................................................................................................................. 1.1ﻣﺎ هﻮ "ﺗﻮﻇﻴﻒ اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺼﺤﻔﻲ" ؟ 2...................................................................................................... 1.2ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺼﺤﻔﻲ 2.......................................................................................................... 1.3ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎت اﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ 4............................................................................................................................................
اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ :اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ 6............................................................................................................................................ 2.1ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ 7...................................................................................................................................... 2.2ﺗﺮآﻴﺒﺔ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ 8..................................................................................................................................... 2.3ﻧﻈﺎم اﺳﻤﺎء اﻟﻨﻄﺎﻗﺎت 9............................................................................................................................. DNS 2.4ﺗﺮآﻴﺒﺔ اﺳﻢ اﻟﻨﻄﺎق 10....................................................................................................................................... 2.5ﻧﻮع اﻟﻨﻄﺎق 10............................................................................................................................................... :WHOIS 2.6ﺳﻼح ﺻﺤﻔﻲ اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ 12.................................................................................................................. 2.7دﻗﺔ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟـ15............................................................................................................................. WHOIS 2.8ﺷﺮآﺎت ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺨﺼﻮﺻﻴﺔ 15............................................................................................................................ WHOIS 2.9ﻧﻄﺎﻗﺎت اﻟﺪول 16...............................................................................................................................
اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ :اﻟﻌﺜﻮر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت 18....................................................................................................................... 3.1ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﻣﺤﺮآﺎت اﻟﺒﺤﺚ 19.................................................................................................................................. 3.2آﻴﻒ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﺤﺮآﺎت اﻟﺒﺤﺚ؟ 20........................................................................................................................... 3.3آﻴﻒ ﺗﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻓﻌّﺎل؟ 22................................................................................................................................ 3.4اﻷدﻟﺔ اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ :ﻣﻨﺠﻢ اﻟﺬهﺐ 29........................................................................................................................ 3.5اﻟﻌﺜﻮر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﻤﻠﻐﻴﺔ واﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ 31..............................................................................................................
اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ :اﻟﺘﺨﻔﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ 35................................................................................................................. 4.1آﻴﻒ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ اﺗﺼﺎل اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ؟ 36........................................................................................................................... 4.2اﻟﻤﺮاﻗﺒﺔ واﻟﺘﺨﻔﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ 37......................................................................................................................... 4.3ﻣﺎ هﻮ اﻟﺒﺮوآﺴﻲ PROXY؟ 38........................................................................................................................... 4.4أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺒﺮوآﺴﻲ 39......................................................................................................................................... 4.5ﻣﺸﺮوع 41........................................................................................................................................... TOR 4.6ﺗﺮآﻴﺐ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ 42................................................................................................................................... TOR
اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ :اﺳﺘﺨﺪام إآﺴﻞ ﻟﻠﺼﺤﻔﻴﻴﻦ 46................................................................................................................. 5.1ﻣﺎ هﻮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ إآﺴﻞ EXCEL؟ 47........................................................................................................................
5.2أهﻤﻴﺔ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ إآﺴﻞ ﻟﻠﺼﺤﻔﻲ 47.......................................................................................................................... 5.3ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ إآﺴﻞ 48..................................................................................................................................... 5.4واﺟﻬﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﺔ 49............................................................................................................................... 5.5إﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺻﻔﺤﺎت ﻟﻠﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ 51.................................................................................................................................. 5.6إﻋﺎدة ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎت 52.................................................................................................................................. 5.7إﻟﻐﺎء اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎت 53.......................................................................................................................................... 5.8ﺗﻠﻮﻳﻦ اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎت 53.......................................................................................................................................... 5.9ﻧﺴﺦ وﻧﻘﻞ اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎت53..................................................................................................................................... 5.10ﺗﻐﻴﺮ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻋﺮض اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ 54......................................................................................................................... 5.11إدﺧﺎل اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت إﻟﻰ وﺛﻴﻘﺔ إآﺴﻞ 55................................................................................................................... 5.12ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ إآﺴﻞ 55.............................................................................................................................. 5.13اﺳﺘﻴﺮاد اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت إﻟﻰ وﺛﻴﻘﺔ إآﺴﻞ57.................................................................................................................. 5.14ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻒ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻤﺪﺧﻠﺔ 60............................................................................................................................... 5.15اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻻت اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ 64...........................................................................................................................SUM 5.16ﻧﺴﺦ وﻟﺼﻖ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻻت اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ 66..................................................................................................................... 5.17إﻋﺎدة ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت ﺗﻨﺎزﻟﻴًﺎ وﺗﺼﺎﻋﺪﻳًﺎ 68............................................................................................................. 5.18اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎت إآﺴﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ 71..................................................................................................................... 5.19ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ إدارة اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﺼﺤﻔﻴﺔ 71............................................................................................................ 5.20إﻧﺸﺎء ﺗﺮوﻳﺴﺔ اﻷﻋﻤﺪة وﺗﻨﺴﻴﻘﻬﺎ73...................................................................................................................... 5.21إﺧﻔﺎء اﻷﻋﻤﺪة اﻟﺰاﺋﺪة ﻋﻦ ﺣﺎﺟﺘﻨﺎ 74.................................................................................................................... 5.22إﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺼﻔﻮف 76........................................................................................................................................ 5.23إﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻔﻠﺘﺮة اﻟﺬاﺗﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﻋﻤﺪة 78......................................................................................................................... 5.24اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻔﻠﺘﺮة اﻟﺬاﺗﻴﺔ 80................................................................................................................................. 5.25اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت 83.................................................................................................................................... 5.26ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺑﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺳﺮ 85...............................................................................................................................
اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺴﺎدس :ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت 86........................................................................................................................... 6.1ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎت اﻟﻔﺼﻞ 87......................................................................................................................................... 6.2ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺗﻚ اﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ 87.................................................................................................................................... 6.3ﻣﺎ هﻮ اﻟﺘﺸﻔﻴﺮ؟ 90........................................................................................................................................... 6.4آﻴﻒ ﻳُﻜﺴﺮ اﻟﺘﺸﻔﻴﺮ؟ 92..................................................................................................................................... 6.5اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ TRUECRYPTﻟﺘﺸﻔﻴﺮ اﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎت95.................................................................................................... 6.6ﺗﺸﻔﻴﺮ آﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮك اﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮل ﺑﻜﺎﻣﻠﻪ107....................................................................................................................
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